Unit 5 单元话题语法填空练习-2022-2023学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）（含解析）

Unit 5 Good Manners.
单元话题语法填空练习
（2022春·江苏徐州·八年级统考期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some birthday customs are quite similar in many parts of the world—birthday candles, birthday games, and birthday cakes. But some customs are more specific to certain countries. Here are some children talking about ____1____ (they) customs.
Linda: I am fourteen. I come from Aruba. In our country, children take something special to school for their classmates and all teachers. Each teacher ____2____ (give) the birthday child a small gift like a pencil, ____3____ eraser or a postcard. The birthday child is also allowed ____4____ (wear) special clothes instead ____5____ the school uniform.
Lucy: I am one year ____6____ (old) than Linda. Denmark is my country. It’s important to have a birthday. Usually boys and girls get some presents. Presents are ____7____ (place) around the ____8____ (child) bed while they are sleeping. So they will see them at once when they wake up.
Tom: I am as old as Linda. I am from Brazil. The birthday child receives a pull on the earlobe (耳垂) for each year in my country. The birthday person also gives the ____9____ (one) piece of cake to his/her most special friend or relative, ____10____ (usual) mom or dad.
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期中）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for older people in China. ____11____ this holiday, younger people usually show love and respect (尊重) for older people.
Respecting older people is a tradition in China. There are many ways in which Chinese people express our respect. When an older person ____12____ (go) into a room, everyone stands up. People are introduced from the oldest to the ____13____ (young). When we present something to an older person, two hands are used. Old people take buses and subways ____14____ free. Young people always offer their seats to older people on a ____15____ (crowd) subway or bus.
In western ____16____ (country), however, older people seldom think they are old. They are called “senior” instead of “old people”. They would rather do everything ____17____ (they). Even after retirement (退休) they take on hobbies, part-time jobs and new activities to keep their bodies ____18____ (work) well.
Westerners respect their old people, ____19____. Stores and restaurants give seniors discount (折扣).
But western seniors don’t often live with their children—they live alone. For holidays, the family usually gather at the ____20____ (grandparent) homes. A great smile and a warm hug for seniors are enough to show their grown children’s love.
（2021秋·江苏泰州·八年级校考期中）A group of boys and girls are in our school hall. Look, they ____21____ (wear) traditional (传统的) Chinese clothes, waiting for their parents to put a hat on their head or stick a hairpin in their hair.
These young people are having their coming-of-age ceremony (成人礼) . This ceremony comes ____22____ an old Chinese tradition (传统) . It is an important milestone (里程碑) in a ____23____ (person) life. In fact, almost every country has the ceremony.
In the USA, ____24____ (turn) 16 is a big thing. Most teenagers (青少年) get their driving license (驾照) at 16. Girls have “sweet 16” birthday parties ____25____ (celebrate) the coming of age. They wear fancy clothes and have a special dance with their father.
In Japan, Coming of Age Day is a national (国家的) holiday. It takes place on the ____26____ (two) Monday in January. People who are 20 years old all come of age on this day. Girls do their hair in fancy styles, wear make-up (妆容) and put on kimonos (和服) . Boys wear ____27____ man’s kimono or a smart suit.
However, adulthood (成年) brings not only joy ____28____ more responsibilities (责任) .
In Germany, the coming-of-age ceremony is called Jugendfeier — “youth celebration” . It is ____29____ (meaning) than other coming-of-age ceremonies. During this ceremony a teacher gives a speech to young adults, talking about ____30____ (show) respect (尊重) for others, being honest and so on. It is from young adulthood on that most people are on their own to face the difficulties of life.
（2022春·广东深圳·八年级校考期中）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Sometimes it is important to wear the right clothes. In Britain, many people don’t ___31___ (careful) about clothes very much. They just like to be ___32___ (comfort). When they go out, they can wear almost anything. At theatres, cinemas and concert they can put on beautiful suits and dresses. They can also ___33___ (wearing) jeans and sweaters.
In Britain and ___34___ US, men in the office ___35___ (usual) wear suits and ties, and women wear dresses or skirts.___36___ (doctor), lawyers and business people wear formal clothes. And in some hotels and restaurants men have to wear ties ___37___ women wear tidy dresses.
In many ways, Americans are less formal than British people, but they are careful with ___38___ (they) clothes. ___39___ home, or on holidays, most Americans wear informal or sports clothes. However, they like to look nice _____40_____ they go out in the evening.
（2021春·广东深圳·八年级深圳市新华中学校考阶段练习）根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。
Table manners (礼仪) show respect to others. So, following some basic (基础的) table manners ____41____ (be) important.
You ____42____ (invite) to have dinner. When the host says, “Please take your seat”, you may think, “Which seat ” At a Chinese-style dinner, the host ____43____(take) the seat facing the door. And the seat on his left is for ____44____(important) visitor. Many Chinese people look dinners as perfect chances for conversations. ____45____, westerners don’t always like talking at the table. Remember not ____46____(talk) with your mouth full. While someone is talking, you should look into his or her eyes and listen ____47____(careful). Safe conversation subjects include food, the day’s activities and weather.
“I can’t stand (忍受) people who talk loudly into their phones,” people often complain. We’re tired of ____48____(listen) to loud conversations every day. When you are at dinner, it’s best to keep your phone ____49____(quietly). If necessary, just send ____50____ text message.
（2021春·江苏·八年级期末）It was early in the morning. I set off from my hotel in Los Angeles___51___
(start) the second day of my visit to the United States. I soon found that the US was____52____(true) a "nation on wheels". Lots of cars and trucks____53____(go) past when we drove on.
There____54____(be) many gas stations along the road. They not only provide drivers____55____food, showers and beds, but also services like truck.
In fact, it's not just truck____56____(drive) on the roads. Many bikers called "Harley knights (骑士)" can always be seen as well. They put their luggage (行李) on the backs of their bikes____57____ride through the large lands of the US.____58____they are riding their motorbikes, they are listening to the exciting music, which beats together with their young hearts.____59____bikers stand for the passionate (热情的) on-the-road spirit of the US. They are longing to be close to the road and enjoy_____60_____(they). I envy (羡慕) these bikers, as they are living such colorful lives.
（2022秋·江苏八年级课时练习）My father is Chinese and my mother is American. I lived in China first. Then I moved to the United States when I was ___61___(twelfth) years old. I was able to see the ___62___(different) between Chinese and American customs (风俗).
___63___ example, if Chinese people go to others' house, they ___64___(buy) gifts for their friends. Americans will not usually buy gifts. They only buy gifts on their friends' birthdays or for some other big celebrations. Chinese feel it is not polite (有礼貌的) ___65___ people don't give gifts, but Americans think it is very strange (奇怪的) to give gifts.
If you ask Chinese people ___66___(sit), you must ask them many times, ___67___ they will not sit at all. Chinese people believe that if they are not asked a few ___68___(time), then accepting something make them look bad.
Because I grew up in both cultures, I believe ___69___ I can get on well with both Chinese people ___70___ American people.
参考答案：
1．their 2．gives 3．an 4．to wear 5．of 6．older 7．placed 8．child’s 9．first 10．usually
【导语】本文讲解了不同的国家有不同的生日宴会的习俗。对三个孩子所在的国家的习俗进行了介绍。
1．句意：这里有一些孩子在谈论他们的习俗。此处作定语修饰customs，用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
2．句意：每位老师都会给过生日的孩子一件小礼物，比如铅笔、橡皮或明信片。时态是一般现在时，主语是“Each teacher”，动词用三单。故填gives。
3．句意：每位老师都会给过生日的孩子一件小礼物，比如铅笔、橡皮或明信片。此处泛指一块橡皮，“eraser”首字母发元音音素。故填an。
4．句意：过生日的孩子也可以穿特殊的衣服，而不是校服。be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，故填to wear。
5．句意：过生日的孩子也可以穿特殊的衣服，而不是校服。instead of“而不是”，固定短语，故填of。
6．句意：我比琳达大一岁。根据“than”可知，用形容词比较级。故填older。
7．句意：当孩子们睡觉时，礼物就放在他们的床边。本句主语是动作的承受者，用动词过去分词构成被动语态。故填placed。
8．句意：当孩子睡觉时，礼物就放在他们的床边。此处作定语修饰“bed”，用名词单数的所有格。故填child’s。
9．句意：过生日的人也会把第一块蛋糕送给他/她最特别的朋友或亲戚，通常是妈妈或爸爸。此处作定语修饰“piece”，用序数词形式。故填first。
10．句意：过生日的人也会把第一块蛋糕送给他/她最特别的朋友或亲戚，通常是妈妈或爸爸。此处在句中作状语，用副词形式。故填usually。
11．On 12．goes 13．youngest 14．for 15．crowded 16．countries 17．themselves 18．working 19．too 20．grandparents’
【导语】本文针对东西方国家传统习惯的不同，对比介绍了他们尊重老人的不同方式。
11．句意：在这个节日里，年轻人通常会向老年人表达爱和尊重。根据“The Double Ninth Festival”可知，应该是on holiday“在节日中”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填On。
12．句意：当一个老人走进房间时，每个人都站起来。根据“stands”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语an older person是第三人称单数，故动词用其三单形式。故填goes。
13．句意：人们由年长的到年幼的依次介绍。根据“the oldest to the…”可知，and连接并列的成分，故此处应该用young的最高级youngest。故填youngest。
14．句意：老年人免费乘坐公共汽车和地铁。for free“免费”。故填for。
15．句意：在拥挤的地铁或公共汽车上，年轻人总是给老年人让座。根据“ a…subway”可知，此处需要填一个形容词作定语，crowd的形容词是crowded“拥挤的”。故填crowded。
16．句意：在西方国家。根据“In western…”可知，此处应该填可数名词的复数表示泛指。故填countries。
17．句意：他们宁愿自己做所有的事情。根据“older people seldom think they are old. They are called ‘senior’ instead of ‘old people’ ”可知，西方国家的老年人宁愿自己做所有的事情。themselves“他们自己”符合题意。故填themselves。
18．句意：即使在退休后，他们也会有业余爱好、兼职工作和新的活动来保持身体健康。keep doing sth.“继续做某事”。故填working。
19．句意：西方人也尊重他们的老人。根据“Stores and restaurants give seniors discount”可知，西方人也尊重他们的老人，此处表示“也”，且位于句末，应该填too。故填too。
20．句意：假日时，一家人通常聚在祖父母家。根据“…homes”可知，此处应该用名词所有格。故填grandparents’。
21．are wearing 22．from 23．person’s 24．turning 25．to celebrate 26．second 27．a 28．but also 29．more meaningful 30．showing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。成年是人生中的一个重要阶段。文章介绍了中国、美国、日本和德国四个国家的成人礼是如何庆祝的。
21．句意：看, 他们正穿着传统的中国服装，等着他们的父母给他们戴上帽子或在他们的头发上插一个发卡。根据“Look”可知本句时态为现在进行时，结构为be doing，因主语为they，所以be应用are。故填are wearing。
22．句意：这个仪式来自中国的一个古老传统。come from表示“来自”，故填from。
23．句意：这在一个人的一生中是一个重要的里程碑。根据语境及句意可推测，此处用名词所有格表示“……的”，person的所有格为person’s，此处a person’s life指“一个人的一生”。故填person’s。
24．句意：在美国，16岁是一件大事。此处使用动名词turning作主语。故填turning。
25．句意：女孩们举办“甜蜜的16岁”生日派对来庆祝成年。根据空前的动词have可判断此处应用动词不定式表示目的，指“为了庆祝成年”。故填to celebrate。
26．句意：它发生在一月的第二个星期一。根据the和空后的名词Monday可知此处应用two的序数词表示顺序，the second Monday in January指“一月的第二个星期一”。故填second。
27．句意：男孩子穿男人的和服或漂亮的西装。根据“kimono”是单数名词及“a smart suit一套漂亮的西装”可判断，此处用不定冠词，man以辅音音素开头，所以用a，组成a man’s kimono与a smart suit构成选择关系，故填a。
28．句意：然而, 成年人带来的不仅是快乐还有更多的责任。not only ... but also“不仅……而且”，故填but also。
29．句意：它比其他成人仪式更有意义。根据语境及句意可知此处用形容词作表语，meaning的形容词为meaningful；又根据“than”可判断使用形容词比较级, 其比较级为more meaningful。故填more meaningful。
30．句意：在这个仪式上, 一位老师向年轻人发表演讲，谈到l尊重他人、诚实等等。介词about后跟动名词doing。故填showing。
31．care 32．comfortable 33．wear 34．the 35．usually 36．Doctors 37．and 38．their 39．At 40．when
【导语】本文主要介绍了英美人的一些着装习惯和穿衣规矩。
31．句意：在英国，很多人不太在意衣服。根据“many people don’t ... about clothes very much”可知，空处要填入一个动词；careful的动词为care，care about“关心”，助动词“don’t”后接动词原形。故填care。
32．句意：他们只是喜欢舒服。由空前的“be”可知，此处要用形容词comfortable“舒服的”，表示状态。故填comfortable。
33．句意：他们也可以穿牛仔裤和毛衣。“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填wear。
34．句意：在英国和美国，办公室里的男士通常穿西装打领带，女士则穿连衣裙或短裙。根据“US”可知，此处表示美国，应用the US。故填the。
35．句意：在英国和美国，办公室里的男士通常穿西装打领带，女士则穿连衣裙或短裙。根据“men in the office ... wear suits and ties”可知，该句不缺少任何成分，使用副词；usual的副词为usually，意为“通常”。故填usually。
36．句意：医生、律师和商务人士都穿正装。根据“lawyers and business people”可知，此处要用名词复数doctors，且句首首字母大写。故填Doctors。
37．句意：在一些旅馆和饭店里，男士必须打领带，女士则要穿整洁的衣服。“men have to wear ties”和“women wear tidy dresses”是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
38．句意：在很多方面，美国人没有英国人那么正式，但是他们对自己的衣服很注意。根据“clothes”是名词可知，此处要用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”修饰。故填their。
39．句意：在家里或节假日，大多数美国人穿休闲服或运动服。根据“home”可知，此处指在家里，英文表达为at home；句首首字母大写。故填At。
40．句意：然而，他们喜欢在晚上外出时看起来很漂亮。根据“they go out in the evening”可知，此处指当他们晚上外出时，用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
41．is 42．are invited 43．takes 44．the most important 45．However 46．to talk 47．carefully 48．listening 49．quiet 50．a
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些基本的餐桌礼仪。
41．句意：所以，遵循一些基本的餐桌礼仪是很重要的。句子是一般现在时，动名词作主语，be动词用is，故填is。
42．句意：你被邀请去吃晚餐。主语you与动词invite之间是被动关系，且句子是一般现在时，此空应填一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语you是第二人称，助动词用are，故填are invited。
43．句意：主人坐在对着门的座位上。句子是一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故填takes。
44．句意：他左边的座位是给最重要的客人坐的。根据“And the seat on his left is for… visitor”可知，这个座位是留给最重要的客人，用最高级the most important修饰名词visitor，故填the most important。
45．句意：然而，西方人并不总是喜欢在饭桌上交谈。“Many Chinese people look dinners as perfect chances for conversations”与“westerners don’t always like talking at the table”是转折关系，此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，应填副词however表示“然而”，故填However。
46．句意：记住嘴里有食物时不要说话。remember not to do sth“记得不要去做某事”，故填to talk。
47．句意：当别人说话时，你应该看着他或她的眼睛，仔细听。此空修饰动词listen，要用副词，故填carefully。
48．句意：我们厌倦了每天听大声的谈话。of是介词，后接动名词，故填listening。
49．句意：当你在吃饭的时候，最好把你的手机保持安静。keep sth+形容词，表示“保持某物……”，形容词作宾补，故填quiet。
50．句意：如果有必要，发个短信就行了。此处表示“发送一条短信”，表泛指，且text是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
51．to start 52．truly 53．were going 54．are 55．with 56．drivers 57．and 58．While 59．The 60．themselves
【分析】文章大意：我在美国开车旅行的时候，发现路上有很多的小汽车和卡车，除此之外还有很多的骑行者。
51．句意：我从洛杉矶的旅馆出发，开始了我美国之行的第二天。根据“I set off from my hotel in Los Angeles … (start) the second day of my visit to the United States.”结合所给出的英语提示，可知此处是指我从洛杉矶的旅馆出发，开始我在美国旅行的第二天。分析句子结构，可知此处要用动词不定式表目的，故填to start。
52．句意：我很快就发现，美国确实是一个“车轮上的国家”。根据“I soon found that the US was … (true) a "nation on wheels".”结合所给出的英语提示，可知此处是指我很快发现美国确实是一个“车轮上的国家”"。truly “确实地、真实地”，副词，修饰前面的动词，故填truly。
53．句意：当我们继续开车时，许多小汽车和卡车从我们身边经过。根据“Lots of cars and trucks … (go) past when we drove on.”结合所给出的英语提示，可知此处是指当我们在路上开车的时候，很多小汽车和卡车正开过去。后面的时间状语中使用了一般过去时，所以主句要用过去进行时来填空，故填were going。
54．句意：沿路有许多加油站。根据“There … (be) many gas stations along the road.”结合所给出的英语提示，可知此处是考查there be结构，主语“many gas stations”是复数，而且句子时态是一般现在时，因此此处应用are来填空，故填are。
55．句意：他们不仅为司机提供食物、淋浴和床铺，还提供卡车等服务。根据“They not only provide drivers … food, showers and beds, but also services like truck.”可知此处考查固定短语“provide …with…”，意为“为……提供”，故填with。
56．句意：事实上，不只是卡车司机在路上。根据“In fact, it's not just truck … (drive) on the roads.”以及下文“Many bikers called "Harley knights" can always be seen as well.”可知此处指的是不只是卡车司机在路上，“driver”司机，符合题意，又因为这里指的是很多的卡车司机，所以要用复数名词来填空，故填drivers。
57．句意：他们把行李放在自行车背上，穿越美国的大片土地。根据“They put their luggage (行李) on the backs of their bikes … ride through the large lands of the US.”可知，前面是动宾结构，后面也是动宾结构，所以要用并列连词and来连接两个并列的语法结构，故填and。
58．句意：当他们骑着摩托车时，他们听着激动人心的音乐。根据“... they are riding their motorbikes, they are listening to the exciting music,”可知此处是指当他们骑着摩托车的时候，他们一边听着令人振奋的音乐，while“当……的时候”，强调两个动作同时进行，又因其位于句首，所以首字母要大写，故填While。
59．句意：骑自行车的人代表了美国的热情的道路精神。根据上文“Many bikers called "Harley knights (骑士)" can always be seen as well.”在同一篇文章中，如果第二次出现前面的名词，这个名词前面要用定冠词the来表特指，又因其位于句首，所以首字母要大写，故填The。
60．句意：他们渴望靠近公路，享受生活。根据“They are longing to be close to the road and enjoy … (they).”可知此处应用反身代词来作宾语，enjoy oneself“过得愉快、玩得开心”，they的反身代词是themselves，故填themselves。
61．twelve 62．difference 63．For 64．will buy 65．if 66．to sit 67．or 68．times 69．that 70．and
【分析】本文介绍了中国和美国的风俗差异。
61．句意：然后我在12岁的时候搬到了美国。修饰复数名词years，用基数词，故填twelve。
62．句意：我能看到中国和美国之间的风俗差异。作为动词see的宾语，用different的名词，故填difference。
63．句意：例如，如果中国人去别人家，他们总是给他们的朋友买礼物。for example“例如”，位于句首，开头字母大写，故填For。
64．句意：例如，如果中国人去别人家，他们总是给他们的朋友买礼物。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，此处用buy的一般将来时，故填will buy。
65．句意：中国人认为如果人们不给礼物是没有礼貌的，但是美国人认为给礼物是非常奇怪的。“人们不给礼物”是“不礼貌”的条件，应if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
66．句意：如果你要中国人坐，你必须问很多次，否则他们不会坐。 ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，故填to sit。
67．句意：如果你要中国人坐，你必须问很多次，否则他们不会坐。 此处表示不问很多次就不会做，用or“否则”表示否定的条件，故填or。
68．句意：中国人认为，如果他们不被问几次，那么接受一些东西会让他们看起来很糟糕。有a few修饰，用复数名词，故填times。
69．句意：因为我在两种文化中长大，所以我相信我能和中国人和美国人都相处得很好。动词believe后面的宾语从句，不缺少成分，用that引导，故填that。
70．句意：因为我在两种文化中长大，所以我相信我能和中国人和美国人都相处得很好。both...and...“……和……都”，故填and。