中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023中考英语考前最后读记练06代词
【考前技巧】代词
代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词.按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等.人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别.物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种.形容词性物主代词可做定语.名词性物主代词可做宾语、表语等.指示代词可做主语、宾语、表语等.反身代词可做同位语、宾语.不定代词可做主语、宾语和表语.
1.人称代词
1)人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示.
单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二称 you you you you
第三人称 he she it him her it they them
2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分.通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语.如:
(我)I like table tennis. Do you know (他) him
注意 英语习惯上的用法.当两个以上的人称代词作主语时,其并列时其排列顺序一般为you, he, she, I,而复数时为we, you, they:如男女并列时,应先男后女,如:He and she...如果在表示不好意思,承担责任时,单数时用,I, he, she, you,复数时用They, you, we,如:Tom and I are good friends.
3)人称代词还可作表语.作表语时用宾格.如:
-Who is knocking at the door -It's(我) me.
4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以.如:
He is older than(我) me/I.
2.物主代词
1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词.物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,如下表所示.
形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
单数 第一人称 my mine
第二人称 your yours
第三人称 his her its his hers its
复数 第一人称 our ours
第二人称 your yours
第三人称 their theirs
2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语.如:
(we) Our teacher is coming to see us.
This is (she) her pencil-box.
3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语.如:
(we) Our school is here, and theirs is there.
-Is this English book (you) yours
No.(I) Mine is in (I) my bag.
I've already finished my homework. Have you finished (your) yours
3.指示代词
指示代词包括:this, that, these, those.
1)this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,如:
This is a pen and that is a pencil.
We are busy(这) these days.
In(那)those days the workers had a hard time.
2)有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物.如:
I had a cold. That is why I didn't come.
3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替.如:
The trees here are as tall as those in Chongqing.
4)this在电话用语中代表自己,that则代表对方.如:
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking
Who is that speaking
4.反身代词
反身代词的人称、数,如下表所示.
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语.如:
Would you please express yourself in English
Help(你们) yourselves to some fish, please.
It doesn't matter. I'll be(我)myself soon.
I(我) myself washed the clothes.＝I washed the clothes myself.
You should ask the teacher(你) yourself.
5.相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词.相互代词有each other 和 one another 两种形式.在当代英语中,each other和one another没有什么区别.相互代词可在句中作宾语,定语.作定语用时,相互代词用所有格形式.如:
We should learn from(彼此) each other / one another.
6.疑问代词
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which等.疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作为某一句子成分.如:
Who is going to come here tomorrow
(谁)Whose book is this
(谁)Who / Whom are you waiting for
注:有些特殊提问中常用what.如:
(什么)What is your phone number
(多少)What is the population of China
(多少钱)What is the price of the book
(哪些)What day is it today
(哪)What is your address
7.关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词.关系代词有who, whose, whom, that, which.它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语.在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词.如:
I don't know who will help me.
Please tell me what is good for my health.
8.常见代词的辨析
1)some, any
(1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词＋单数动词;②可数名词＋复数动词.如:
Look! Some students are cleaning the room.
Some rice has been sold out.
(2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词＋单数动词;②可数名词＋复数动词.如:
If you have(任何)any question, please ask me.
There isn't(任何)any orange in the bottle.
-How many people can you see in the picture
-I can't see(任何)any.
(3)any和some也可以作代词用,表示“一些”.any多用于疑问句或否定句中,some多用于肯定句中.如:
Have you got(一些) any tea
If you have no money, I'll lend you(一些)some.
注意①与some, any结合的词如 something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法,大致和some, any的用法相同.②在表示请求和建议的疑问句型中仍然用some及some搭配的不定代词.如:
Would you like(一些东西)something to eat
Could you please give me(一些) some
2)other, the other, another, others, the others
代词 形容词
单数 复数 单数 复数
不定 another另一个 others别人,其他人 another(boy)另一个(男孩) other(boys)其他男孩
特定 the other另一个 the other其余那些人、物 the other(boy)另一个男孩 the others(boys)其余那些男孩
(1)other可以作形容词用,后面可以跟单数或复数名词,意思是“其他的、别的”.如:
We often help(其它的) other people.
(2)other 也可以用作代词,与冠词the连用构成“the other”,表示两个人或物中的“另一个”.常与one搭配构成“one. the other.”句型.如:
He has two sons. One is a farmer, the other is a worker.
She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other
(3)other作代词用时,可以有复数“others”,泛指“另外的人或物”.常与some搭配构成“some., others.”句型.如:
Some went to play football, and others went swimming.
(4)“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”.如:
In our class Mary is English, the others are Chinese.
(5)another 可以作形容词用,修饰后面的名词,意为“另一个”,还可以跟代词one.如:
Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one
(6)another也可以作代词用,表示“另一个”.如:
I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.
3)all, both
(1)all指三者以上可数或不可数的东西.谓语动词既可以用单数,也可以用作复数.在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语.如:
All of us like Mr. Zhang.
＝We(每个)all/each like Mr. Zhang.
That's all for today.
There are many trees on all sides of the lake.
(2)both作代词.
①与其他名词或代词并列出现,表示“两个都”.如:
How are your parents They're both fine.
②与“of+代词(或名词)”连用,表示“两者都”.如:
Both of the twins came to see me.
③单独使用,表示“两者(都)”.如:
He has two sons. Both are clever.
(3)both用作形容词,放在名词之前,修饰该名词,表示“两者都”.如:
There are many trees on both sides of the road.
Both his two elder sisters are my classmates.
4)anyone, any one
(1)anyone“任何人”其后不跟of短语.如:
Is there(何人) anyone at home.
(2)any one“任何人或物”其后可跟of短语.如:
I'll send you(任一) any one of these pens.
5)every one, everyone
(1)every one是“每个”的意思,通常指物,后面常跟of短语.但跟of短语的 every one 既可指人,也可指物.如:
(每人)Every one of them wants to eat(每个)every one of the apples.
(2)everyone是代词(＝everybody),意思只是“每个人、人人”,后接单数动词.其后不跟of引起的介词短语.如:
(每人)Everyone enjoys themselves.
6)none, nobody, no one
(1)none既可指人,也可指物,意为“没有人;没有东西”等,表三者或三者以上的人或物的全部否定.与all是反义词.后可接of短语.作主语时,如果它指代的是可数名词,谓语动词用单数、复数形式都可以,用单数时强调个体,表“没有一个人”;用复数则强调整体,表“所有人都没有”.如果它指代的是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式.常常用来回答 how many& how much.如:
-How many students want to dance
-(一个也没有)None
(一个也没有)None of the boys likes to watch the game.
(2)nobody& no one 指代人,意为“没有人”.作主语时谓语动词有单数形式,后不能跟of短语,常常用来回答who和不确定的问题.如:
-Who went to the net bar this week
-(一个也没有)No one.
7)both, either, neither
(1)作代词时:both“两者都”．either“两者中任何一个”.neither“两者中任何一个都不”.作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,可作同位语.而either和 neither 则用单数形式,不可作同位语.如:
-Do you like to come on Monday or Sunday
-(任一天)Either is OK.
(都不) Neither of the twins goes to Beijing.
(2)作连词时:neither与nor连用,“既不······也不·····”;either和or连用:“或是······或是······”“要么······要么···”连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则.而both 却与and相连.连接主语时谓语动词用复数.如:
(你和他都不)Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
(不是你就是我)Either you or I am right.
(你和我都)Both you and I are good at swimming.
8)one, it
(1)it所指代的,与前面的名词是同一事物;它常替代限定词the, this, that 所修饰的单数名词,此外还可用来表示称赞或责备某人做了某事.同时,it也可指代如婴儿性别等不明确的人或物.如:
Whose is the pen Oh(是) It’s mine.
Who's knocking at the door It’s me.
(2)one所指代的是前面名词提到的同类事物,但不是同一件,它具有泛指的性质;它只能代替可数名词,复数形式是ones如:
I don't like this pen. I want(另一个)another one.
【考前预测】代词
1．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Hurry up,or we will miss the school bus.
—Don’t worry. We have ________ time.
A．few B．little C．a little
1．C
【解析】
句意：——快点，否则我们就错过校车了。——不要担心。我们还有时间。
考查代词辨析。few没有多少，修饰可数名词；little没有多少，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。time是不可数名词，排除A选项。根据“Don’t worry”可知，还有时间，所以告诉对方别担心，此空应填表示肯定意义的代词，故选C。
2．（2022·广西贵港·中考真题）— Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩)
— No. ________ is on the sofa.
A．Hers B．His C．Yours D．Mine
2．D
【解析】
句意：——这是你的冰墩墩吗？——不是。我的（冰墩墩）在沙发上。
考查代词辨析。 Hers她的；His他的；Yours你的；Mine我的。根据“Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩) ”可知，此处应说“我的冰墩墩在沙发上”，故选D。
3．（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）—Is the girl in a red skirt your sister
—Yes. ________ favorite color is red.
A．Her B．She C．His D．He
3．A
【解析】
句意：——那个穿红色短裙的女孩是你的妹妹吗？——是啊。她最喜欢的颜色是红色。
考查形容词性物主代词。Her她的，人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；She她，人称代词主格；His他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；He他，人称代词主格。根据空后有名词，说明此处应用形容词性物主代词，由“your sister”可知形容词性物主代词应用her。故选A。
4．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）________ is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
A．It B．This C．That D．One
4．A
【解析】
句意：让我们的国家变得更好、更强大是我们的责任。
考查it作形式主语。固定句型it’s+形容词/名词 (for sb.) to do sth.“做……对某人来说……”。“duty”是名词，“to make our country better and stronger.”是真正的主语，it的句中作形式主语。故选A。
5．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）The Internet makes _________ lives easier, but it sometimes brings trouble to __________ students.
A．we; us B．us; we C．our; us D．ours; we
5．C
【解析】
句意：互联网使我们的生活更容易，但它有时给我们学生带来麻烦。
考查代词辨析。we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。第一空修饰名词lives，要填形容词性物主代词our。第二空位于介词to后，要填人称代词宾格us，故选C。
6．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）Students should learn some living skills to take good care of ________.
A．herself B．himself C．yourselves D．themselves
6．D
【解析】
句意：学生们应该学习一些生活技能来照顾好自己。
考查代词辨析。herself她自己；himself他自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“Students should learn some living skills to take good care of...”可知，此处是指照顾好他们自己，用反身代词“themselves”与主语“Students”保持一致。故选D。
7．（2022·吉林·中考真题）Mary has a brother, and ________ name is Bob.
A．her B．its C．his
7．C
【解析】
句意：玛丽有一个哥哥，他的名字叫鲍勃。
考查代词辨析。her她的；its它的；his他的。根据“Mary has a brother”可知，这个哥哥的名字叫鲍勃，是男性，故选C。
8．（2022·湖北恩施·中考真题）Miss Li is our physics teacher. She teaches ________ P.E. as well.
A．us B．we C．our
8．A
【解析】
句意：李老师是我们的物理老师。 她还教我们体育。
考查代词辨析。us我们，人称代词宾格；we我们，人称代词主格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。此空位于动词teach后，要用人称代词作宾格，故选A。
9．（2022·广西·中考真题）The three heroes returned to the earth from space. We are proud of ________.
A．me B．him C．them
9．C
【解析】
句意：三位英雄从太空回到地球。 我们为他们感到骄傲。
考查代词辨析。me我；him他；them他们。根据“three heroes”可知，此空应填复数人称代词them，故选C。
10．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Some animals move from one place to ________ at certain times of the year.
A．another B．other C．the other D．others
10．A
【解析】
句意：有些动物在一年中的特定时间从一个地方搬到另一个地方。
考查代词辨析。another三者及以上的另一个；other其他的；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人/物。根据“Some animals move from one place to...at certain times of the year.”可知，此处是从一个地方到另一个地方，不止两者，故选A。
11．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Thank you for sharing the cake with ________.
—It’s ________ pleasure.
A．me; mine B．I; my C．me; my
11．C
【解析】
句意：——谢谢你和我一起分享蛋糕。——不客气。
考查代词辨析。me我，宾格；mine我的，形容词性物主代词；I我，主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词。第一处在介词后作宾语，用宾格；第二处作定语修饰“pleasure”，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。
12．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—It is convenient ________ us ________ things online.
—So it is.
A．for; to buy B．of; to buy C．for; buy
12．A
【解析】
句意：——我们在网上购物很方便。——确实。
考查It的固定句型。此处是“It is+adj+for/of sb to do sth”句型，此处convenient修饰其后的事情，介词用for；不定式在句中作真正的主语。故选A。
13．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A．Either B．Neither C．Both
13．A
【解析】
句意：——这个星期天我们怎么去图书馆，骑自行车还是步行？——都行。你决定。
考查代词辨析。 Either二者之一；Neither两者都不；Both两者都。根据“It’s up to you.”可知，后者认为两者都可以，任选其一，故选A。
14．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—What’s the matter with my throat, doctor
—______. Drinking more hot water is OK.
A．Something serious B．Nothing serious
C．Serious something D．Serious nothing
14．B
【解析】
句意：——我的喉咙怎么了，医生？——没什么严重的。多喝一些热水就可以了。
考查不定代词用法。Something serious严重的事；Nothing serious没什么严重的。不定代词与形容词连用时形容词放在不定代词的后面。故排除C和D项；根据“Drinking more hot water is OK.”可知此处指没什么事。故选B。
15．（2022·海南·中考真题）To keep ________ safe, you’d better not go out alone at night.
A．myself B．herself C．yourself
15．C
【解析】
句意：为了自己的安全，晚上最好不要一个人出去。
考查代词辨析。myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己。根据“you’d”可知主语是you，此处是指你自己的安全，反身代词应用yourself，故选C。
16．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）I began to teach ________ English when I was twenty-two years old.
A．they B．their C．theirs D．them
16．D
【解析】
句意：当我22岁的时候，我开始教他们英语。
考查代词辨析。they他们；their他们的；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；them他们。固定短语teach sb sth“教授某人某事”，空处位于动词后，应用代词宾格，故选D。
17．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our
17．B
【解析】句意：——刚才走过的那个女人是你的老师吗？——是的，她教我们英语，我们都非常喜欢她。
考查定语从句以及代词辨析。第一空所在句子是定语从句，先行词woman是指人，在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导定语从句，排除A和C选项。us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。第二空位于动词teach后，应填人称代词宾格作宾语，故选B。
18．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）Many people have lost their homes because of wars. It’s important for people ________ a peaceful world.
A．have B．had C．to have D．to be having
18．C
【解析】句意：许多人因为战争失去了家园。 对人们来说，拥有一个和平的世界很重要。
考查非谓语动词。此处是结构“It is adj. for sb. to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人是……的”，动词不定式作真正的主语，此处应用动词不定式的一般式。故选C。
19．（2022·广西贺州·中考真题）There are two apples on the table. One is red and ________ is green.
A．the other B．another C．others D．the others
19．A
【解析】句意：桌子上有两个苹果。 一个是红色的，另一个是绿色的。
考查代词辨析。the other指两者中的另一个，常用于“One...the other...”结构；another泛指另外一个，后跟可数名词单数；others复数，相当于other+名词复数，代指其他的人或物；the others= the other+名词复数。根据“One is red...”可知，此处符合“one...the other...”结构，意为“一个……另一个……”。故选A。
20．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Coffee or tea, Frank
—Coffee, please. To get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.
A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
20．A
【解析】句意：——咖啡还是茶，弗兰克？——请给我咖啡。要想放松，没有什么比一杯咖啡更好的了。
考查复合不定代词辨析。nothing没有；anything任何东西；something某些东西；everything一切东西。根据“is better than a cup of coffee”可知，没有比一杯咖啡更好的了，形容词比较级+否定词表达最高级的含义；故选A。
21．（2022·福建·中考真题）As the art festival is coming, they are preparing everything by ________.
A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves
21．C
【解析】句意：随着艺术节的到来，他们正在自己准备一切。
考查反身代词。yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“they”可知主语是第三人称，反身代词应用themselves。故选C。
22．（2022·福建·中考真题）It’s important for us ________ hard in order to have a better life.
A．work B．to work C．working
22．B
【解析】
句意：为了过上更好的生活，对我们来说努力工作是很重要的。
考查非谓语动词。固定句式：It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对于某人来说，做某事是……的”，动词不定式作主语，it作形式主语，故选B。
23．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Why are you laughing, Tony
—There is ________ funny in the magazine.
A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing
23．B
【解析】句意：——你为什么笑，托尼？——杂志上有一些有趣的东西。
考查代词辨析。anything用于否定句或疑问句中；something某事，用于肯定句中；everything所有事物；nothing没有什么。根据“Why are you laughing, Tony ”可推断，杂志上有一些有趣的东西，在肯定句中表示“某事，某物”，要用something。故选B。
24．（2022·四川·凉山彝族自治州教育科学研究所中考真题）—I heard you lost your bag yesterday.
—Yes. Luckily, I got it later. And ________ was lost in it.
A．nothing B．anything C．something
24．A
【解析】句意：——我听说你昨天丢了你的包。——是的。幸运的是，我后来拿到了。而且没有什么损失。
考查复合不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么；anything任何事；something某事。根据“Luckily, I got it later. And...was lost in it.”可知，包找回来了，并且没有损失，所以是幸运的。故选A。
25．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）This isn’t my schoolbag. ________ is over there.
A．His B．Hers C．Mine D．Yours
25．C
【解析】句意：这不是我的书包。我的书包在那边。
考查物主代词。His“他的”，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；Hers“她的”，名词性物主代词；Mine“我的”，名词性物主代词；Yours“你的，你们的”，名词性物主代词。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，所以应填入名词性物主代词mine，作主语，指代前一句出现的物品“my schoolbag”。故选C。
26．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）Another three astronauts, Liu Yang, Chen Dong and Cai Xuzhe, have been sent into space. Let’s express (表达) our best wishes to ________ .
A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
26．B
【解析】句意：另外三名宇航员刘洋、陈冬和蔡旭哲已被送入太空。 让我们向他们表达最美好的祝愿。
考查代词辨析。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。此处在介词后作宾语，用宾格，故选B。
27．（2022·四川广元·中考真题）—Can you show your new book to ______
—OK. Here you are.
A．I B．me C．my D．mine
27．B
【解析】句意：——你能给我看看你的新书吗？——好的。 给你。
考查代词辨析。I我，主格；me我，宾格代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。空前“to”是介词，其后跟宾格代词。故选B。
28．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question.
—You may take ________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters.
A．neither B．either C．both D．none
28．B
【解析】句意：——毕业后出国还是不出国，这是个问题。——你可以走这两条路中的任何一条。但最终能回家还是很重要的。
考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；both两者都；none三者或三者以上都不。根据“But being home in the end matters.”可知，此处是指走哪条路都可以，用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。故选B。
29．（2022·新疆·中考真题）—You never give up in difficult situations.
—I believe ________ is impossible to a hopeful heart.
A．nothing B．anything C．everything D．something
29．A
【解析】句意：——你从不在困难的情况下放弃。——我相信对一颗充满希望的心来说，没有什么是不可能的。
考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么；anything任何事物；everything每件事物；something某事物。根据“… is impossible to a hopeful heart.”可知，此处指在困难的情况下，对于充满希望的心来说，没有什么是不可能的。故选A。
30．（2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Even if we are in Grade 9, it’s necessary for _______ to go to bed early and get up early.
A．we B．us C．our
30．B
【解析】
句意：即使我们九年级，对我们来说早睡和早起也是很有必要的。
考查代词。we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的。句子是“it’s+形容词+for sb. to do”的结构，表达“对某人来说做某事是……的”。介词“for”后用代词的宾格“us”。故选B。
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2023中考英语考前最后读记练06代词
【考前技巧】代词
代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词.按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等.人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别.物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种.形容词性物主代词可做定语.名词性物主代词可做宾语、表语等.指示代词可做主语、宾语、表语等.反身代词可做同位语、宾语.不定代词可做主语、宾语和表语.
1.人称代词
1)人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示.
单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二称 you you you you
第三人称 he she it him her it they them
2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分.通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语.如:
(我)I like table tennis. Do you know (他) him
注意 英语习惯上的用法.当两个以上的人称代词作主语时,其并列时其排列顺序一般为you, he, she, I,而复数时为we, you, they:如男女并列时,应先男后女,如:He and she...如果在表示不好意思,承担责任时,单数时用,I, he, she, you,复数时用They, you, we,如:Tom and I are good friends.
3)人称代词还可作表语.作表语时用宾格.如:
-Who is knocking at the door -It's(我) me.
4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以.如:
He is older than(我) me/I.
2.物主代词
1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词.物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,如下表所示.
形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
单数 第一人称 my mine
第二人称 your yours
第三人称 his her its his hers its
复数 第一人称 our ours
第二人称 your yours
第三人称 their theirs
2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语.如:
(we) Our teacher is coming to see us.
This is (she) her pencil-box.
3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语.如:
(we) Our school is here, and theirs is there.
-Is this English book (you) yours
No.(I) Mine is in (I) my bag.
I've already finished my homework. Have you finished (your) yours
3.指示代词
指示代词包括:this, that, these, those.
1)this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,如:
This is a pen and that is a pencil.
We are busy(这) these days.
In(那)those days the workers had a hard time.
2)有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物.如:
I had a cold. That is why I didn't come.
3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替.如:
The trees here are as tall as those in Chongqing.
4)this在电话用语中代表自己,that则代表对方.如:
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking
Who is that speaking
4.反身代词
反身代词的人称、数,如下表所示.
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语.如:
Would you please express yourself in English
Help(你们) yourselves to some fish, please.
It doesn't matter. I'll be(我)myself soon.
I(我) myself washed the clothes.＝I washed the clothes myself.
You should ask the teacher(你) yourself.
5.相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词.相互代词有each other 和 one another 两种形式.在当代英语中,each other和one another没有什么区别.相互代词可在句中作宾语,定语.作定语用时,相互代词用所有格形式.如:
We should learn from(彼此) each other / one another.
6.疑问代词
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which等.疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作为某一句子成分.如:
Who is going to come here tomorrow
(谁)Whose book is this
(谁)Who / Whom are you waiting for
注:有些特殊提问中常用what.如:
(什么)What is your phone number
(多少)What is the population of China
(多少钱)What is the price of the book
(哪些)What day is it today
(哪)What is your address
7.关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词.关系代词有who, whose, whom, that, which.它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语.在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词.如:
I don't know who will help me.
Please tell me what is good for my health.
8.常见代词的辨析
1)some, any
(1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词＋单数动词;②可数名词＋复数动词.如:
Look! Some students are cleaning the room.
Some rice has been sold out.
(2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词＋单数动词;②可数名词＋复数动词.如:
If you have(任何)any question, please ask me.
There isn't(任何)any orange in the bottle.
-How many people can you see in the picture
-I can't see(任何)any.
(3)any和some也可以作代词用,表示“一些”.any多用于疑问句或否定句中,some多用于肯定句中.如:
Have you got(一些) any tea
If you have no money, I'll lend you(一些)some.
注意①与some, any结合的词如 something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法,大致和some, any的用法相同.②在表示请求和建议的疑问句型中仍然用some及some搭配的不定代词.如:
Would you like(一些东西)something to eat
Could you please give me(一些) some
2)other, the other, another, others, the others
代词 形容词
单数 复数 单数 复数
不定 another另一个 others别人,其他人 another(boy)另一个(男孩) other(boys)其他男孩
特定 the other另一个 the other其余那些人、物 the other(boy)另一个男孩 the others(boys)其余那些男孩
(1)other可以作形容词用,后面可以跟单数或复数名词,意思是“其他的、别的”.如:
We often help(其它的) other people.
(2)other 也可以用作代词,与冠词the连用构成“the other”,表示两个人或物中的“另一个”.常与one搭配构成“one. the other.”句型.如:
He has two sons. One is a farmer, the other is a worker.
She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other
(3)other作代词用时,可以有复数“others”,泛指“另外的人或物”.常与some搭配构成“some., others.”句型.如:
Some went to play football, and others went swimming.
(4)“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”.如:
In our class Mary is English, the others are Chinese.
(5)another 可以作形容词用,修饰后面的名词,意为“另一个”,还可以跟代词one.如:
Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one
(6)another也可以作代词用,表示“另一个”.如:
I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.
3)all, both
(1)all指三者以上可数或不可数的东西.谓语动词既可以用单数,也可以用作复数.在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语.如:
All of us like Mr. Zhang.
＝We(每个)all/each like Mr. Zhang.
That's all for today.
There are many trees on all sides of the lake.
(2)both作代词.
①与其他名词或代词并列出现,表示“两个都”.如:
How are your parents They're both fine.
②与“of+代词(或名词)”连用,表示“两者都”.如:
Both of the twins came to see me.
③单独使用,表示“两者(都)”.如:
He has two sons. Both are clever.
(3)both用作形容词,放在名词之前,修饰该名词,表示“两者都”.如:
There are many trees on both sides of the road.
Both his two elder sisters are my classmates.
4)anyone, any one
(1)anyone“任何人”其后不跟of短语.如:
Is there(何人) anyone at home.
(2)any one“任何人或物”其后可跟of短语.如:
I'll send you(任一) any one of these pens.
5)every one, everyone
(1)every one是“每个”的意思,通常指物,后面常跟of短语.但跟of短语的 every one 既可指人,也可指物.如:
(每人)Every one of them wants to eat(每个)every one of the apples.
(2)everyone是代词(＝everybody),意思只是“每个人、人人”,后接单数动词.其后不跟of引起的介词短语.如:
(每人)Everyone enjoys themselves.
6)none, nobody, no one
(1)none既可指人,也可指物,意为“没有人;没有东西”等,表三者或三者以上的人或物的全部否定.与all是反义词.后可接of短语.作主语时,如果它指代的是可数名词,谓语动词用单数、复数形式都可以,用单数时强调个体,表“没有一个人”;用复数则强调整体,表“所有人都没有”.如果它指代的是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式.常常用来回答 how many& how much.如:
-How many students want to dance
-(一个也没有)None
(一个也没有)None of the boys likes to watch the game.
(2)nobody& no one 指代人,意为“没有人”.作主语时谓语动词有单数形式,后不能跟of短语,常常用来回答who和不确定的问题.如:
-Who went to the net bar this week
-(一个也没有)No one.
7)both, either, neither
(1)作代词时:both“两者都”．either“两者中任何一个”.neither“两者中任何一个都不”.作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,可作同位语.而either和 neither 则用单数形式,不可作同位语.如:
-Do you like to come on Monday or Sunday
-(任一天)Either is OK.
(都不) Neither of the twins goes to Beijing.
(2)作连词时:neither与nor连用,“既不······也不·····”;either和or连用:“或是······或是······”“要么······要么···”连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则.而both 却与and相连.连接主语时谓语动词用复数.如:
(你和他都不)Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
(不是你就是我)Either you or I am right.
(你和我都)Both you and I are good at swimming.
8)one, it
(1)it所指代的,与前面的名词是同一事物;它常替代限定词the, this, that 所修饰的单数名词,此外还可用来表示称赞或责备某人做了某事.同时,it也可指代如婴儿性别等不明确的人或物.如:
Whose is the pen Oh(是) It’s mine.
Who's knocking at the door It’s me.
(2)one所指代的是前面名词提到的同类事物,但不是同一件,它具有泛指的性质;它只能代替可数名词,复数形式是ones如:
I don't like this pen. I want(另一个)another one.
【考前预测】代词
1．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Hurry up,or we will miss the school bus.
—Don’t worry. We have ________ time.
A．few B．little C．a little
2．（2022·广西贵港·中考真题）— Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩)
— No. ________ is on the sofa.
A．Hers B．His C．Yours D．Mine
3．（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）—Is the girl in a red skirt your sister
—Yes. ________ favorite color is red.
A．Her B．She C．His D．He
4．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）________ is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
A．It B．This C．That D．One
5．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）The Internet makes _________ lives easier, but it sometimes brings trouble to __________ students.
A．we; us B．us; we C．our; us D．ours; we
6．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）Students should learn some living skills to take good care of ________.
A．herself B．himself C．yourselves D．themselves
7．（2022·吉林·中考真题）Mary has a brother, and ________ name is Bob.
A．her B．its C．his
8．（2022·湖北恩施·中考真题）Miss Li is our physics teacher. She teaches ________ P.E. as well.
A．us B．we C．our
9．（2022·广西·中考真题）The three heroes returned to the earth from space. We are proud of ________.
A．me B．him C．them
10．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Some animals move from one place to ________ at certain times of the year.
A．another B．other C．the other D．others
11．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Thank you for sharing the cake with ________.
—It’s ________ pleasure.
A．me; mine B．I; my C．me; my
12．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—It is convenient ________ us ________ things online.
—So it is.
A．for; to buy B．of; to buy C．for; buy
13．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A．Either B．Neither C．Both
14．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—What’s the matter with my throat, doctor
—______. Drinking more hot water is OK.
A．Something serious B．Nothing serious
C．Serious something D．Serious nothing
15．（2022·海南·中考真题）To keep ________ safe, you’d better not go out alone at night.
A．myself B．herself C．yourself
16．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）I began to teach ________ English when I was twenty-two years old.
A．they B．their C．theirs D．them
17．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much.
A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our
18．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）Many people have lost their homes because of wars. It’s important for people ________ a peaceful world.
A．have B．had C．to have D．to be having
19．（2022·广西贺州·中考真题）There are two apples on the table. One is red and ________ is green.
A．the other B．another C．others D．the others
20．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Coffee or tea, Frank
—Coffee, please. To get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.
A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
21．（2022·福建·中考真题）As the art festival is coming, they are preparing everything by ________.
A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves
22．（2022·福建·中考真题）It’s important for us ________ hard in order to have a better life.
A．work B．to work C．working
23．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Why are you laughing, Tony
—There is ________ funny in the magazine.
A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing
24．（2022·四川·凉山彝族自治州教育科学研究所中考真题）—I heard you lost your bag yesterday.
—Yes. Luckily, I got it later. And ________ was lost in it.
A．nothing B．anything C．something
25．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）This isn’t my schoolbag. ________ is over there.
A．His B．Hers C．Mine D．Yours
26．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）Another three astronauts, Liu Yang, Chen Dong and Cai Xuzhe, have been sent into space. Let’s express (表达) our best wishes to ________ .
A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
27．（2022·四川广元·中考真题）—Can you show your new book to ______
—OK. Here you are.
A．I B．me C．my D．mine
28．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question.
—You may take ________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters.
A．neither B．either C．both D．none
29．（2022·新疆·中考真题）—You never give up in difficult situations.
—I believe ________ is impossible to a hopeful heart.
A．nothing B．anything C．everything D．something
30．（2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Even if we are in Grade 9, it’s necessary for _______ to go to bed early and get up early.
A．we B．us C．our
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