【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语译林版必修二教师用书Unit 1 Tales of the unexplaine

【美文阅读】　
Tales of the unexplained
人类科技发展到今天，早已能够上天下海。那么人类是否已无所不能了呢？还是让我们先去看一看百慕大三角再下结论吧！
We like to consider ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ourselves the superior race，and we are.It's true that we are getting to know more and more，and we actually live in “the information age”．Our human vanity (虚荣心) makes us believe that we really have to know everything！
Surprisingly，we do no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t have this ability.The question “What is happening in the Bermuda Triangle？”is the very proof (证据)．
Where is the Bermuda ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Triangle located？The mysterious triangle is believed to be situated between Florida，Bermuda and Puerto Rico，where too many unusual events have happened.
On December t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he 5th 1945，five U．S. military planes took off from Florida on a clear day only to disappear over Bermuda.Furthermore，some other disappearances took place：in 1947，an American C54 plane simply disappeared at 100 miles from Bermuda；at 80 miles，a Star Tiger plane disappeared in 1948.
Even Columbus had t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rouble in Bermuda.Some of his journals were about the strange happenings there：“the waters are changing their color”and “compasses are going wild”．
Maybe it's why it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is called the Devil's triangle or the Atlantic cemetery (公墓)．
Many hypotheses w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere stated in order to explain the strange events.In spite of these attempts，the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle remains unsolved.
Some people get to say ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that maybe aliens are involved in it.Other imaginative scientists relate the happenings in Bermuda to Einstein's theory，saying that the missing ships and planes are translated to another dimension of space and time and taken into another world.
Maybe we will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) just have to wait to go to Heaven and ask the one who made it.The answer will surely be a satisfying one!
【诱思导学】　
1．What did the Columbus' journals tell us
2．What do you think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the underlined word probably mean in the 6thparagraph
3．Why is the Berm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uda Triangle called the Devil's triangle or the Atlantic cemetery
【答案】　1.It told us t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here were some strange happenings in Bermuda triangle.
2．It probably means“guesses”(推测；猜测)．
3．Because there ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have been many planes and ships disappearing over and in the Bermuda Triangle.
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本文是一篇新闻报道，它报道的是一个男孩神秘 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )失踪的事件，其失踪原因可能与外星人有关，因此在预习中让学生了解这些人类未知的事情并展开讨论和活动会激发学生的想象力和探索精神。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
建议教师以课本第1页的图片导入新课，要求学生分组讨论四幅图片，并提出问题：
1．Do you belie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve in unexplained things such as UFOs and Yetis？Why or why not
2．What other unexplained things do you know about
3．If you saw a UFO or a Yeti，what would you do
●教学流程设计
???????学生再次仔 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细阅读课文，(课本第2－3页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第2页)。?????老师布置作业，让学生看课本第4页并完成课本第4页 C1，C2，D题，并预习学案PeriodⅡ(见学案第3页)。
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P2－P3的Reading 部分，然后完成下列表格，每空一词
Boy missing，police puzzled
Boymissing 　　Justin Foster，a fift ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een－year－old boy，went missing three days ago.He went to play baseball with two friends on Friday night and was 1. seen walking towards his home at 10：45 p．m.Justin's sister Kell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y heard her brother return home.Around midnight，a bright light woke her up and she was 2. to find a large spaceship flying，inside 3. were lots of strange creatures.There was a flash of light and she heard Justin cry and then the UFO disappeared. Although Kelly told her mother what she had seen and heard，Mrs.Foster didn't 4. it seriously. 5. that her daughter was having a dream，she just sent her to bed.
Policepuzzled Some people in Dove ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r，claim that they 6. aliens that night.Mrs.Mavis Wood said that the aliens took her 7. the UFO to do research on her.Luckily，she was returned home without being 8. .Detective Sam Peterson was in 9. of the case.He told the journalists that they were looking into other 10. and they wouldn't give up until they found out what had happened.　　
【答案】　1.last　2.fright ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ened　3.which　4.take　5.Assuming　6.witnessed　7.aboard　8.injured　9.charge　10.possibilities
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P2－P3的Reading 部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．The main idea of this passage is ．
A．that aliens took away a boy
B．that a boy was murdered
C．that a boy disappeared mysteriously
2．When and where was Justin missing
A．On Friday morning，at home.
B．One Friday night，at home.
C．Last week，at the baseball field.
3．According to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e passage，the following are the evidence that made the police believe that Justin did return home on Friday night except ．
A．Justin's sister saw him come home
B．Justin's friends said he went home after the game
C．Justin's sister heard him play his favorite CD thatnight
4．Which of the fol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lowing is NOT true about the aliens(if there were)that night
A．They came to the Earth by spaceship.
B．They looked strange with white skin and large black eyes.
C．They took someone else away except Justin.
5．From the last paragraph we can infer(推断)that ．
A．the police gave up looking into the case
B．the police would try to find out some other possibilities
C．the police found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out that someone made up the story of Justin's missing
【答案】　1.C　2.B　3.A　4.C　5.B
Ⅲ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
surprise；happen；take；show up；convince；
missing；until；research；so；do
This article i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a news story about a boy's strange disappearance.Justin Foster，15，went 1. last Friday night in Dover，New Hampshire，while at the same time，people saw alien visiting the Earth.His parents were 2. at first，thinking that he might be staying with his friends.But he did not 3. the next day.
Police found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that Justin 4. return home that night.Justin's sister，Kelly，says that she remembered something strange 5. that night.She saw a UFO appearing around her house and then 6. her brother away.And another victim，Mavis Wood in Dover，said that she had ever been taken away by aliens to do some 7. before.So some people think that Justin was taken away by aliens.But Sam Peterson，the Detective，did not think 8. ．He will not give up 9. he finds 10. evidence.
【答案】　1.missing　2.surp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rised　3.show up　4.did　5.happened　6.took　7.research　8.so　9.until　10.convincing
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．injury　　　　 A．to happen；take place
2．puzzled B．unable to understand sth.or the
reason for sth.
3．dismiss C．a person whose job is to examine
crimes
4．evidence D．very surprising
5．occur E．the facts，signs or objects that
make you believe that sth.is true
6．detective F．harm that is done to a person's or
an animal's body
7．amazing G．to decide that sth.is not
important or worth thinking
【答案】　1.F 2.B 3.G 4.E 5.A 6.C 7.D
Ⅱ.短语填空
用下面所给短语的适当形式填空
step up；due to；show up；make up；look into；take charge of；in case of
1．We need three more people to a team.
2．Boys and girls，I will your class this year.
3．We must the work in order to finish it in time.
4．We'd better insure (投保) the house fire.
5．His illness was bad food.
【答案】　1.make up　2.take charge of　3.step up　4.in case of　5.due to
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．That's why it is called a UFO!
那就是它被称为UFO的原因！
2．Standing inside were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.飞船里面站着许多奇怪的生物，有着白皮肤和又黑又大的眼睛。
3．I haven't been sleeping well since I returned home.
自从我回到家我就一直没有睡好觉。
4．When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens...
当被问及贾斯汀被外星人带走的可能性时……
Period ⅡWelcome to the unit & Reading
(教师用书独具演示)
●教学目标
1．熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
2．通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
3．通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
4．通过对本课文的理解，了解新闻报道的写作顺序和特点，所以在教学过程中应引导学生体会并借鉴这种典型结构，为学生将来的写作打下基础。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
教师可以通过检查上堂课所布置的作业导入课堂。
●教学流程设计
??让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第3页) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。??老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。???作业。让学生完成课本第5页E题及“课时作业”和预习“Period Ⅲ”(见学案第11页)。
1．That's why it is called a UFO！(P1)
那就是它被称为UFO的原因！
句子含有一个why引导的表语从句，此时why译为“……的原因/理由”。
That is why we came late.那就是我们迟到的原因。
That is why he is fond of swimming .那就是他喜欢游泳的理由。
why 引导的从句作表语/because引导的从句作表语
why 引导的从句作表语 它强调的是事情的后果。
because 引导的从句作表语 它强调的是事情发生的原因。
　 She was ill ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yesterday.That's why she didn't come to school.她昨天生病了。那就是她没来上学的原因。
She didn't come ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to school yesterday.That's because she was ill.她昨天没来上学。那是因为她生病了。
【教师备课资源】　
在表语从句中，连接副词和连接代词一般都表疑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )问，但what, when, where 等连接词(相当于the thing that, the time when，the place where 等)有两种含义：一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述。
　
完成句子
①那是因为我们遇到了交通堵塞。
we have a traffic jam.
②那就是他昨天不来参加你的聚会的原因。
he didn't come to your party yesterday.
【答案】　①That's because　②That's why
2．You might run into a Yeti in the Himalayas...(P1)
你在喜马拉雅山上可能会碰到一位野人……
句中might 意为“可能，也许”，表推测，用于表示某事可能是真的或可能发生，尤指可能性很小。
You never know what might happen in the future.
你永远无法知道将来可能发生什么事情。
I was afraid that someone might recognize me.
我担心有人可能会认出我。
may 表示可能性，且比might 有更大的可能性
can 表示理论上的或抽象的可能性
can not 不可能
may /might not 可能不
must 用于毫无怀疑的结论，表示想必、一定
　
Can it be Bill's It can't be Bill's.
那可能是比尔的吗？不可能是比尔的。
You must be hungry after your long walk.
你走了那么长的路，一定饿了吧。
One can travel to Holland by boat or by air.
你可以乘船或飞机去荷兰。
The traffic is heav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y these days.I arrive a bit late，so could you save me a place
A．can　　　　　　 B．must
C．need D．might
【解析】　句意：最近这些天交通拥挤 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我可能迟到一会儿，你能给我留个位子吗？might 表示可能性，往往指较小的可能性，符合句意。can，“能，会”；must，“必须，一定”；need，“需要”。
【答案】　D
3．puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的
Boy missing，police puzzled.(P2)
男孩失踪，警方迷惑。
He looked puzzled，so I repeated the question.
他好像没听懂，于是我把问题又重复了一遍。
①puzzle vt.使迷惑，使为难，使苦思
②puzzle n．智力测试，难题
be puzzled about / over /at sth.对某事感到困惑/为难
He puzzled his brains to find the answer.
他绞尽脑汁寻求答案。
The teacher left ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the students to puzzle out the answer to the problem themselves.
老师让学生们自己琢磨出问题的答案。
Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
他们做那件事的原因仍令我费解。
puzzled/puzzling
puzzled 意为“(人)困惑的，迷惑不解的”，用来说明人的心理状态，另外，名词voice，look，expression等也常用puzzled修饰。
puzzling 意为“令人迷惑不解的”，一般用来修饰事物，说明事物的特征。
She had a puzzled look on her face.
她脸上带着迷惑不解的表情。
The students were p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uzzled at the puzzling result of the experiment.学生们对令人困惑的实验结果感到迷惑不解。
【教师备课资源】　
v．－ed 形式的形容词常用来修饰 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人；v.－ing 形式的形容词常用来修饰物，它们都可作定语，也可作表语。类似的词有：excited，exciting；interested，interesting；moved，moving；inspired，inspiring；developed，developing；encouraged，encouraging；amazed，amazing；disappointed，disappointing 等。
　
When he was told t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he result of the experiment，there was a expression appearing on his face.
A．puzzled；puzzled　　　 B．puzzling；puzzling
C．puzzled；puzzling D．puzzling；puzzled
【解析】　第一个空后为名词result ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，故应用puzzling来修饰；而expression，look，voice等表“表情，声音”意义的词常用puzzled来修饰，故选D。
【答案】　D
4．step up 加紧，加强，促进
Police in Am ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erica have stepped up their search for a fifteen－year－old boy who went missing three days ago in Dover，New Hampshire.(P2)
美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁失踪男孩的搜索，该男孩于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。
The teacher stepp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed up onto the platform and began the lesson.老师走上讲台开始上课。
We are trying to step up the production to meet the increased demand.
我们正设法增加产量来满足增长的需求。
step aside / down 让位，退位
step by step 逐步地
take steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事
out of step 不合拍，不协调
　
Only he is out of step in the whole line.
整个队列中只有他走得不齐。
I shall take steps to prevent this happening again.
我应该采取措施防止此事重演。
Mary her pace to follow us.
A．stepped up　　　　　　 B．picked up
C．turned up D．gave up
【解析】　本题考查动词短 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语辨析。句意为“玛丽加快了步伐以赶上我们”。step up 加快；pick up 拾起，接收，学会，购买；turn up 出现，调大；give up 放弃。根据题意故选A。
【答案】　A
5．This incident h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as received great interest due to reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien visits around the time the boy disappeared.(P2)该事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是有各种关于男孩失踪前后天空中出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的新闻报道。
(1)incident n．发生的事情(尤指不寻常的或讨厌的)
The French socce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r star has spoken out the reason for the red card incident in the World Cup.
那位法国球星讲出了世界杯红牌事件的原因。
He told me of an incident that took place on his first day at school.
他给我讲述了他上学头一天发生的一件事。
incident/accident/event
incident 事情；事件；既可以指日常生活中的琐事，也可以指外交、政治方面的重大事件。
accident 事情；通常指偶然发生的不幸事件或事故。
event 重大、引人瞩目的事件；也可指比赛项目。
He's very late－I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )do hope he hasn't met with an accident.他这么晚还没来－我真希望他别出事。
Which events have you entered for
你参加了哪几项比赛？
用incident，accident，event填空
①18 people were injured in this morning's road ．
②There was a shooting near here last night.
③The film festival is a big in the city.
【答案】　①accident　②incident　③event
(2) due to 由于，因为
His illness was due to bad food.
他生病是因为吃了坏的食物。
His failure was due to his lack of work.
他的失败是由于工作不努力。
due to/because of/thanks to/owing to
due to “由于，因为……造成”，引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导的短语在句中除可作状语(此时一般不用于句首)外，也可作表语或定语；作表语或状语时可将due to看作是owing to的同义短语。注意：due to除可表示原因外，还有“应给于，应属于”的意思。
because of 意为“因为，由于”，普通用语， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比其他短语更口语化；构成的短语在句子中通常作状语，一般不作表语用；后面可接名词、代词、分词或what引导的名词性从句等。
owing to 引出的介词短语，在句中作状语或表语，做状语时，习惯上用逗号和句子其他部分分开。
thanks to “由于或因为某人(某事)”，通常用于好的方面，译为“多亏”，但有时作反语；引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末。
Accidents due to driving at high speed were very common that weekend.
在那个周末因高速驾驶造成的交通事故很多。
Owing to a sudden rain，he came back.
由于突然下雨，他回来了。
Thanks to his help，we finished our work in time.
多亏他的帮忙，我们及时完成了工作。
Thanks to the bad weather，the match had been cancelled.
多亏这个倒霉天气，挺好的比赛取消了。(反语)
Because of these，he failed.
由于这些事情，他失败了。
完成句子
④雪莱成为诗人可能是由于受母亲的影响。
That Shelley became a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )poet may have been his mother's influence.
⑤乔因英语不及格没被申报的那所大学录取。
Joe's application ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the university was not accepted his failing English.
⑥多亏了你的帮助，我们得以成功。
your help, we were successful.
⑦他意识到她在哭是因为他说的那些话。
He realized that she was crying
what he had said.
【答案】　④due to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/because of/owing to　⑤due to/because of/owing to　⑥Thanks to/Owing to/Because of
⑦because of
6．witness n．目击者，证人vt目击，见证；发生；表明
Witnesses al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45 p．m.(P2)目击者还说他们看见贾斯廷在晚上10点45分的时候朝家里走去。
The two servants witnessed Mr.Smith's will.
两个仆人目睹了史密斯先生的遗嘱。
The year 1849 witnessed a great war in Hungary.
1849年匈牙利发生了一场大战。
a witness of /to sth.某事的见证者
witness that clause 证明，作证说
I was a witness to the argument.
我是那场争论的见证人。
None could witness that he was present.
没有人能证明他是在场的。
①The twentieth cen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tury has an enormous worldwide political，economic and cultural transformation.
A．saw　　　　　　　　 B．found
C．witnessed D．knew
【解析】　witness 作“目击，见证”解时，主语为人；主语为物时，表示“发生(某情况)”，而A、B和D三项的主语只能是人，故选C。
【答案】　C
②These people are n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot only to a sad story，but also to a sign of hope.
A．responses B．witnesses
C．prevention D．contribution
【解析】　witness to 意为“见 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )证……”； response 意为“回答”；prevention 意为“防止；阻止”；contribution 意为“贡献”。
【答案】　B
7．Standing inside w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.(P2)
里面站着许多白皮肤，眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。
本句是一个倒装句，正常语序为Lots of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside，其中creatures为主语，lots of strange及with white skin and large black eyes分别作主语的前置、后置定语。该句采用倒装句式主要是为了平衡句子结构，且突出表语，避免头重脚轻。此结构为“表语(分词、形容词)＋系动词＋主语”。
Sitting at the back of the room was my brother.
坐在房间后面的是我弟弟。
Present at the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )meeting were professors from Peking University.出席会议的是来自北京大学的教授。
Growing around the lake are trees of different kinds.
那个湖周围种着各种各样的树。
Distinguished gue ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sts and friends，welcome to our school. the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and
abroad.
A．Attend　　　　　　 B．To attend
C．Attending D．Having attended
【解析】　 本题考查倒装句。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二句的原句为：Our alumni (校友) from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning。 第二句意为“今天早上出席50周年庆典的是来自海内外的校友”。
【答案】　C
8．I haven't seen Justin since．(P3)
从那以后我就再也没有见过贾斯廷。
句中since 是副词，表示从过去某个时候开始一直到现在。
He left home three wee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks ago and we haven't heard from him since.他三周前离开家，从此杳无音讯。
since 的用法
①作adv.从那时起，后来(常与完成时连用)
②作prep.自从……以来/后(常与完成时连用)
③作conj.从……以来，自从……以后(主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句与现在完成时连用，since 从句用一般过去时，如主句的动词是be 动词时，多用一般现在时，也可用现在完成时。)
④作conj.因为，既然(表示原因，通常指说话双方都已经知道的原因或理由。)
　
They haven't met again since the wedding last year.
自从去年那次婚礼之后他们就再也没有见过面。
It was the first time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that I'd had visitors since I'd moved to London.
那是我搬到伦敦以后第一次有人来看我。
Since we are young，we shouldn't be too afraid of making mistakes.
因为我们还年轻，所以不应该太害怕犯错误。
单项填空
① you are unable to answer perhaps we should ask someone else.
A．Since　　　　　　　　B．While
C．Because of D．For
【解析】　句意为“既然你不能回答，或许我们应该问问别人”。(指说话双方都已经知道的原因)
【答案】　A
翻译句子
②我到学校已经半年了。
③自从上次我和你见面之后，你去哪儿了？
【答案】　②It is half a year since I came to this school.
③Where have you been since I last saw you
9．assume vt.假定；认为
...she assume ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that Kelly was having a bad dream，and sent her back to bed.(P3)……，她认为凯莉只是做了个噩梦，于是将她打发回床上。
I have always assumed her to be American.
我一直以为她是美国人。
I'm assuming everyone nowadays has an email address.
我以为现在的人都有电邮地址。
①assume that 假定；认为……
assume...to be...认为……是；假定……是
assuming that 假定……；假设……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
②assumption n. 假定；假设；承担
on the assumption that 假定；假设
　
Assuming that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the advice is accepted，when shall we start 假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候开始？
I'm working on the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) assumption that the money will come through.我是在假定能拿到钱的情况下工作。
完成句子
①我认为你对那个案子很清楚。
I you are clear about the case.
②咱们假定这是真的。
Let's assume it ．
③假如那个房子出售，你要买吗？
the house is for sale，would you buy it
④他假定自己会赢，结果他错了。
His that they would win proved wrong.
【答案】　①assume that　②to be true　③Assuming
④assumption
10．occur vi.发生；想到；出现(occurred，occurred)
Mr Foster was workin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g that night on his road construction job，and was not home when these events occurred.(P3)福斯特先生当晚在忙着路面施工，因此当这一切发生时并不在家。
I was going along ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred.
我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。
occur to sb. 发生在某人身上
it occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人想起做某事
某人突然想起
　
The idea occurred to him in a dream.
这个主意是他在梦中想到的。
It didn't occur to her to ask for help.
她没想到要求助。
It occurred to he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r that she might adopt a homeless child.她突然想她可能会收养一个无家可归的孩子。
occur/happen/take place
occur 是正式用语，多用来指具体事情的发生。虽然也可指偶然性，但与happen相比程度较弱。
happen 为常用词语，指一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生。
take place 指发生事先计划或预想到的事情。
If anything happens to him，please let me know.
万一他有什么不测，请通知我。
The 2010 Asian Games took place in Guangzhou.
2010年亚运会在广州举行。
用happen，take place 或occur 的适当形式填空
①The July Seventh Incident in 1937.
②We shouldn't allow such things to again.
③They decided that the meeting should on Tuesday afternoon.
④How did it that the man was dismissed
⑤I don't know what to the poor boy after I left.
⑥When did the earthquake ？
⑦The story on a cold evening in a faraway village.
【答案】　①happened ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/occurred　②happen 　③take place　④happen　⑤happened　⑥occur　⑦took place
11．show up 出现，现身，露面
When Justin did ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not show up for lunch the next day，Mrs Foster became worried and told her husband to call the police.(P3)
到第二天吃午饭的时候，贾斯廷仍然没有露面，福斯特夫人开始担心了，就让丈夫报警了。
It was ten o'clock when he finally showed up.
十点钟他终于到了。
Tom didn't show up for our wedding.
汤姆没有在我们的婚礼上出现。
show sb.around/round sp.带领某人参观某地
show sb.in 领某人进来
show sb.out 领某人出去
show off 炫耀
show sth./sb.up 使……显露，使某人难堪
　
He showed the visitors around his school.
他领着来访者参观了他的学校。
The host showed all the guests into the hall.
主人把所有的客人带进了大厅。
Wait a moment—I'll have Tom show you out.
等一下——我让汤姆带你出去。
He's just showing off because the girl he likes is here.
他不过是在表现自己，因为他喜欢的姑娘在场。
单项填空
①She had promised ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to me the Great Wall，but she didn't at all.
A．show；up；show up
B．show；up；show around
C．show；around；show up
D．show；around；show around
【解析】　句意：她答应我领我参加长城，但她根本没出现。show sb.around sp.带领某人参观某地；show up露面，出现。
【答案】　C
完成句子
②This test (显露出你的弱点)in mathematics.
③Nicola had never ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )been to China，so we offered (带他四处看看)．
④Although he want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s to make a hit(出风头)，I think he hasn't got much (炫耀)．
⑤No wonder he (没有到场)the other day when the president held the party.
⑥Please don't arg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ue with me in front of the guests；it (让我难堪)．
【答案】　②shows up your weakness　③to show him
around　④to show off　⑤didn't show up　⑥shows me up
12．aboard adv.& prep.在(轮船、飞机、火车等)上；上(轮船、飞机、火车等)
The aliens t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ook me aboard the UFO so that they could do research on me.(P3)
外星人将我带到不明飞行物上是想研究我。
He was already aboard the plane.
他已经登机了。
They finally went aboard the ship.
他们终于上船了。
①go aboard 上(轮船，飞机，火车等)
All aboard！(口)请大家上船/车/飞机！
②board n．木板；膳食v.寄宿；上(车，船，飞机等)
on board 在船(车，飞机)上
　
单项填空
①John has never been a plane.
A．abroad　　　　　　　 B．board
C．broad D．aboard
【解析】　aboard p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rep.登上飞机、船等；abroad 在国外；broad 宽广的；board 作动词时为“上(车，船等)”，故选D。
【答案】　D
完成句子
②夫妇俩登上了开往纽约的火车。
The couple the train for New York.
【答案】　boarded/went aboard/went on board
13．When asked ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson，who has taken charge of the case，told journalists...(P3)
当被问到贾斯廷被外星人劫持的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆·彼得森侦探告诉记者们……
(1)When asked...是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )省略的状语从句，完整形式为When Detective Sam Peterson was asked...。当从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，且从句中含有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可以同时省略。
When speaking English，he often makes mistakes.
他说英语时常犯错误。
When (he was )read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing the book，he nodded from time to time.阅读这本书时，他不时地点头。
Once (it is )seen，it'll never be forgotten.
一旦见到，它将难以被忘记。
【对接高考】
(2012·安徽高考)When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for his view about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A．asking　　　　　　 B．asked
C．having asked D．to be asked
【解析】　句意：当被问及对教学工作的看 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法时，菲利普说他发现教学非常有趣，而且很值得做。主语Philip与ask之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。when asked 相当于状语从句when he was asked。
【答案】　B
单项填空
①I won't attend his birthday party even if ．
A．inviting　　　　　　 B．invited
C．to invite D．to be invited
【解析】　even if I am invited 的省略形式。
【答案】　B
(2)that Justin w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as taken by aliens是一个由that引导的同位语从句，来解释说明the possibility。同位语从句是名词性从句中的一种，它跟在某些名词之后，对这些名词的内容、含义作具体的解释说明，其中的引导词that为连词，在从句中虽不作任何成分，但不能省略，除that外，when，where，why，how，what，whether等都可以引导同位语从句。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come
你从哪儿听说我不能来的？
Then he refe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rred to another question where we were to get the machine needed.他接着又提到另一个问题，我们到哪里找所需要的机器。
We've heard the news ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that a new steel bridge will be built over the Changjiang River.我们已经听说这个消息了，要在长江上建一座新的钢铁桥。
【对接高考】
(2012·江苏高考)The n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )otice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.
A．when B．that
C．whether D．how
【解析】　句意：会议将被推迟的通 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知下午2点左右发布。分析句式结构可知，所填词语引导的从句 the meeting would be postponed说明的是主语the notice的内容，即同位语从句。从句内容完整，不需要添加when或how作状语，也不含有不确定因素，不能使用whether，故选B项。
【答案】　B
单项填空
②－Is there a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny possibility you could pick me up at the airport
－No problem.
A．when　　　　　　　 B．that
C．whether D．what
【解析】　that引导的从句作possibility 的同位语。问句意为“你有可能去机场接我吗？”
【答案】　B
(3)take charge of 负责；接管
He took charge of the firm in his father's absence.
他父亲不在时他掌管公司。
John will take charge of the next meeting.
约翰将主持下一次会议。
in charge of sth.掌管，负责某事
in/under the charge of sb.
＝in sb's charge 由某人负责
　
The sales department is now in the charge of Mary.
现在销售部门由玛丽负责。
She is in charge of the new project.
她负责这个新项目。
句型转换
③She took charge of the family business.
She was the family business.
The family business was
【答案】　③in charge of；in the charge of
完成句子
④母亲外出时，把婴儿交给临时保姆照顾。
Mother puts the baby
⑤当我不在的时候，你就全权负责。
Please all things when I am away.
【答案】　④in the charge of　⑤take charge of
(4)case n. 案件；具体情况；实例
The case will be heard in court next week.
这一案件下星期审理。
Here is a good case in point.
这里有一个很好的例子。
case n. 箱子；容器；实情；病例
in this/that case 假如这样/那样；在这/那种情况下
in case of“如果；万一”，后接名词或动名词
in case“免得；以防万一”，后接从句
in no case“决不；在任何情况下都不”，置于句首时，用部分倒装
in any case无论如何；不管怎样；总之
　
In this case，let's start earlier.
既然这样，我们就早点开始。
Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
倘若太阳很厉害，你就把帽子戴上。
In case of rain they can't go.
万一下雨，他们就不能去了。
用case的相关短语填空
⑥The wall was built along the river floods.
⑦ I forget，please remind me of it.
⑧ should you lose heart.Just keep on trying.
⑨He is said to be not at home. ，we shall not go there.
⑩It may rain tomorrow，but we are going home ．
【答案】　⑥in case of　⑦In case　⑧In no case　⑨In that case　⑩in any case
14．Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.(P3)有时人们编造这种离奇的故事。
(1)make up 编造，杜撰；构成
I couldn't rem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ember a story to tell the children，so I made up one as I went along.
我想不出有什么故事可给孩子们讲了，只好现编现讲。
Can you make up a dialogue，using the following words？你能用下面这些词编一个对话吗？
make up的其它常见含义：
①组成，构成　②化妆　③铺床　④补足，凑够　⑤弥补　⑥和解
　
The mother makes up the bed for her son every day.
母亲每天都为儿子铺床。
Workers make up only a small section of the population.工人只占人口的一小部分。
We'll make up for what they have suffered.
我们将弥补他们遭受的痛苦。
【教师备课资源】　
make up for sth.弥补；补偿
be made up of由……组成
be made of由……制成/组成(看得出原材料的样子)
be made from由……制成/组成(看不出原材料的样子)
make up one's mind下定决心
make it成功；达到目的
make sure确保；有把握
make sense有道理；讲得通
make sense of理解；懂得；了解……意义
make...into把……制成；使转变成
make out辨认出；看出；弄清楚；搞明白
make use of利用
make a difference有影响；有作用；有关系　
写出下列句子中make up的含义
①Bring the sheets and make up the bed.
②They need one more to make up a team.
③You must make up what you owe before the end of the month.
④At last they made up after their quarrel.
⑤Five persons make up our team.
【答案】　①铺(床)；支起(临时床)　②凑足　③还；补偿　④和解；和好　⑤组成；形成
(2)amazing adj.令人惊奇(惊叹)的
I find it amazing that you can't swim.
你不会游泳使我大吃一惊。
It's amazing how quickly people adapt.
人适应环境的速度之快真是惊人。
①amaze v．使惊奇；使惊愕
②amazed adj.惊奇的
be amazed
③amazement n．惊奇
to one's amazement 令某人惊奇的是
in amazement 惊奇地
　
【提示】
(1)amazing“令人吃惊的”，多指事物，也可指人；而amazed多指人的情感，指“(人)感到吃惊的”。
(2)表示“吃惊”的动词还有s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urprise，astonish。amaze，surprise，astonish三个动词在用法上非常相近，它们的
－ing形式与－ed形式在用法上也一样。
用amaze的适当形式填空
⑥It me to hear that you were leaving.
⑦We were at/by the change in his appearance.
⑧To our ，he was still alive.
⑨He is an player to watch.
【答案】　⑥amazed　⑦amazed　⑧amazement　⑨amazing
15．evidence n．证据；根据；论据；迹象，痕迹
There's really no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) hard evidence that aliens took him.(P3)事实上并没有确凿的证据证明是外星人劫持了他。
The new evidence led to the thief being caught.
新证据帮助捉住了小偷。
There wasn't enough evidence to prove him guilty.
没有充分的证据证明他有罪。
①give/show evidence of有……的迹象
give no evidence of 没有……的迹象
②evident adj.明显的；明白的；清楚的
be evident to sb.that...某人清楚的……
It is (quite) evident that...很显然的……
　
The room gave evidence of a struggle.
这房间里有搏斗过的痕迹。
It is evident to everybody that she loves music.
她爱好音乐，这是有目共睹的事实。
完成句子
① (没有任何证据)that he is guilty.(there，evidence)
② (大家很清楚)that he is wrong.(it，evident)
③目前我们还没有其他行星上存在生命的证据。
At present we of life on other planets.
【答案】　①There is no evidence　②It is evident to all
③have no evidence
16．So，while we have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not dismissed the idea，we are looking into other possibilities as well.(P3)所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。
(1)dismiss vt.不予考虑；解雇；解散
The students wer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e dismissed from school early today because of the heavy snow.
由于下大雪，今天学生们早早地放学了。
dismiss sth.as以……为由拒绝考虑……
dismiss sb.for...因……解雇某人
dismiss sb.from...免去某人的职务
　
They dismissed him for stealing the money.
他们因他偷了钱而解雇了他。
He just smiled and dismissed my advice as unrealistic.
他只是笑笑，以不实际为由拒绝了我的建议。
完成句子
①那个秘书犯了很大的错，所以被老板解雇了。
The secretary made a serious mistake，so she was ．
②她试图把他忘掉。
She from her mind.
③请打消对此事的一切疑虑。
Please about it.
【答案】　①dismissed by her boss　②tried to dismiss him　③dismiss all doubts
(2)look into调查；检查；向……里看
The police are look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing into the reason why the plane crashed into the sea.
警察正在调查那架飞机坠海的原因。
I looked into the room but found nobody in.
我朝房间里看但没发现有人在里面。
look after 照料，照顾
look for 寻找
look over 仔细查看
look up 仰视，查寻
look through 翻阅；浏览
look down upon/on 轻视，看不起
　
We must look over th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e house before we decide to rent it.我们必须先看一下房子再决定租不租。
He needs to be properly looked after.
他需要好好照顾。
It's wrong to look down on /upon the poor.
瞧不起穷人是错误的。
You can look up the name in the book.
你可以在这本书里查找这个名字。
单项填空
④I often the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
A．look up　　　 B．look at
C．look for D．look into
【解析】　句意：我经常在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词典或在网上查询我不认识的单词。look up“查询”；look at“看”；look for“寻找”；look into“调查，往……里看”。
【答案】　A
⑤It is reported that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the police will soon the case of the two missing children.
A．look upon B．look after
C．look into D．look out
【解析】　句意：据报道，警方将很快调查 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )失踪的两个孩子的案件。look upon“把……看作”；look after“照料”；look into“调查”；look out“当心”；故根据句意选C。
【答案】　C
Period ⅢWord power & Grammar and usage
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
2．通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
3．通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识。
●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不是让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上运用这些语法。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
建议教师准备适量的含现在完成时和现在完成进行时的句子为学生呈现，让学生观察思考在何种语境和时间的情况下使用两种不同的时态。
●教学流程设计
??让学生就“互动探究”(见 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学案第11页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。??老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。?????老师布置作业。让学生完成课本第7页C题，第8页及第11页A、B题，预习学案Period Ⅳ(见学案第16页)。
1．carry out 履行；执行；进行；实现
I guess some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of you are dreaming of becoming an astronaut and travelling to space to carry out scientific research. (P7)我猜想你们中的一些人正梦想成为一名宇航员，到太空旅行，进行科学研究。
We've decided to carry out the plan at once.
我们决定立即实施这项计划。
You should carry it out once you've made your promise.
你一旦许下诺言，就应该履行。
carry on 继续；坚持
carry through 成功地完成某事
carry away 带走；搬走；冲走
carry off 赢得；获得(奖品等)
　
She carried off the first prize.
她获得了一等奖。
Don't stop，and carry on please.
别停下，请继续进行。
He carried through the work.
他完成了那个工作。
①The managers dis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.
A．carry out　　　　　　B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
【解析】　考查句型see sth. done, plan和carry out存在被动关系，故选C。
【答案】　C
②They in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A．carried out B．carried off
C．carried on D．carried forward
【解析】　carry on坚持，继续。句意：不管条件多么困难，他们仍坚持下去。
【答案】　C
2．separate vi.& vt. 分开；分离
At a certain d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )istance from the Earth，the rockets separated from the space shuttle and fell into the sea. (P7)
在距地球一定距离的地方，火箭和航天飞机分开，然后落入大海。
The family members separated from each other in the war.这家人在战争中失散了。
As he pulled，the pi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pe separated from the wall and broke.他一拉，管子就从墙上掉下来断了。
separate from 与……分开
separate...from...
把……和……分开；使……和……分离
separate adj.分开的；独立的；不相关的；不一样的
separated adj.分居的
separation n．分开；分离；分居
　
They live in separate bedrooms though they are twin brothers.
尽管他们是双胞胎兄弟，但他们住在独自的卧室里。
Nobody can separate Taiwan from our motherland.
没有人能把台湾从我国分离出去。
separate/divide
separate 表示“分开，分离”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来，通常与from连用。
divide 表示“分割开”，指把整体划分为若干部分，常与into连用。
Oxygen can be separated from water.
氧气可以从水中分离出来。
The class was divided into three groups.
这个班级被分成3组。
用separate from/divide into的适当形式填空
①The world is seven continents.
②England is France by the channel.
③The subject is three parts.
【答案】　①divided into　②separated from
③divided into
3．pick up 拾起，捡起
Then a tracking ship picked them up .(P7)
然后一艘跟踪船将它们打捞起来。
The lifeboat picked up all the survivors.
救生船救起了全部幸存者。
【巧学助记】
We were able to pick up the BBC World Service.
我们能收听到英国广播公司国际广播节目。
I picked up some Japanese while in Japan.
我在日本时顺便学会了一些日语。
I picked up some really good tapes in the small shop in the corner.
我在拐角处的小店里买了些真正不错的磁带。
写出下列句中pick up的词义
①Her health soon picked up after a few days' rest.
②We picked up signals for help from the burning plane.
③He picked up a few German phrases while staying in Berlin.
④Will you pick me up after the party？
【答案】　①(健康)好转　②收听　③学会　④接人
4．base n．基地，大本营；底部；基础
vt.以……为基础
I did research in a b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ase in outer space called space station.(P7) 我在太空一个叫太空站的基地进行研究。
The party's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )main power base is in the agricultural regions.该党的主要支持基础来自农业地区。
They decided to base the new company in Paris.
他们决定把新成立的公司总部设在巴黎。
①base...on/upon...以……为基础
②basic adj.基础的；基本的；根本的
an air base 空军基地
　
What are you basing this theory on
你这种理论的根据是什么？
These facts are basic to an understanding of the case.
这些事实是了解这一案件的重要依据。
The story is based facts.
A．on B．with
C．in D．at
【解析】　句意：这个故事是根据事实改编的。be based on以……为基础。
【答案】　A
5．take off 起飞；脱去；(事业等)成功；(产品等)大受欢迎
In outer space astrona ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uts cannot take off their spacesuits，which protect them and provide oxygen.(P7)
在外层空间，宇航员不能脱下宇航服，因为宇航服可以保护宇航员并给他们提供氧气。
The plane takes off at 9：00 tomorrow morning.
飞机明天早上9点起飞。
His career began to take off in his late forties.
他的事业在他40岁后期开始成功。
【教师备课资源】　
take的相关短语
take away拿走；带走
take on聘用；呈现；显现
take over接管
take in收留；包括；改小(衣服)；欺骗
take down记下；拆掉
take back收回；承认错误
take apart拆开
take after(长相或举止)像(长辈)
take up从事于；专注于；占(时间、空间)；继续
take place发生
　
写出下列句子中take off 的含义
①Who has taken my book off the table？
②I'd like to take off for home tomorrow.
③They agreed to take off $5 off the price.
④The golden wee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k is drawing near.Tourism is to start taking off．
⑤The plane took off very smoothly.
⑥The 8 a．m. bus to Qingdao will be taken off next month.
【答案】　①拿走　②动身，启程　③从(价格)减去，减价　④兴隆，兴起　⑤起飞　⑥取消，停运
单项填空
⑦Internet shopping w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill really when people make sure that it is safe.
A．take off B．take up
C．set off D．set up
【解析】　take off 成功 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，大受欢迎；take up 占有；set off 出发；set up 建立。句意为“当人们确信网上购物安全时，网上购物将会真正地兴盛起来”，故选A。
【答案】　A
6．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；满腔热忱的
My friend Jack is enthusiastic about travelling.(P8)
我的朋友杰克热衷于旅行。
The singer got an enthusiastic reception.
那个歌手受到了热烈的欢迎。
I'm not enthusiastic about going out for a walk.
我不怎么喜欢出去散步。
①be enthusiastic about (doing sth.)对……热心
②enthusiasm n．热情；热忱
③enthusiast n．热衷者
　
Mr.Wang is a golfing enthusiast.
王先生是一个高尔夫球迷。
完成句子
①她对学校的活动非常热心。
She school activities.
②你在这座城市肯定会受到热烈的欢迎。
You will definitely get an welcome in this city.
③他们对这个计划显得不那么热情。
They showed little for the new plan.
【答案】　①is enthusiastic about　②enthusiastic　③enthusiasm
7．exist vi存在；生存
Though he has never met any aliens，he believes they do exist.(P8)
虽然他从没见过外星人，但他相信他们确实存在。
Poverty still exists in this country.
这个国家仍然存在贫穷。
①exist in 在于……
exist on ＝live on 靠……生存
②existence n．存在；生存
come into existence 出现；产生
　
They can't exist on the money he's earning.
他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。
Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the war.
巴基斯坦在战后就以一个独立的国家存在了。
单项填空
①Scientists a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re trying to find out whether life on other planets or not.
A．appears B．produces
C．has D．exists
【解析】　句意：科学家们正在尽力查找在其他行星上是否存在生命体。exist vt.存在。
【答案】　D
完成句子
②There (存在)a lake on the top of the mountain.
【答案】　exists
　
观察下列句子，体会现在完成时态与现在完成进行时态的句法特征和适用条件。
1．I have just read your letter about what you experienced in the UK.
2．How are you？I haven't heard from you for weeks.
3．He has been to the USA three times.
4．You shouldn't leave school before you've finished your assignments.
5．This is the seco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd time that the products of our company have been shown on the International Exhibition.
6．The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
7．She has been working all night long.
8．She is very tired.She's been typing letters all day.
[自我总结]　由以上例句可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看出，现在完成时强调① 发生的动作对② 造成的影响，其构成形式为③ ；而现在完成进行时兼有④ 时和⑤ 时的特征，表示动作从⑥ 某一时间开始，一直延续到⑦ 或继续延续下去，其构成形式为⑧ 。
【答案】　①过去　②现在　③has/have＋动词的过去分词　④完成　⑤进行　⑥过去　⑦现在　⑧has/have been＋动词的现在分词
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的用法
一、现在完成时的用法：
用法 例句 常用时间状语
表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 China has already made great progress in science and technology.中国在科技方面已经取得了巨大进步。I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成作业。 already/yet/just
表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态。 I have collected many stamps since last year.从去年开始我收集了许多邮票。Prices have risen sharply over the past few months.在过去的几个月里价格急剧上涨。 lately/recently/since/for a long time/so far/in the past/last few weeks
表示过去曾发生过一次或多次的情况，也可以说是一种经历。 I have been to the United States three times.我去过美国三次。Have you ever been to the Great Wall 你到过长城吗？ often/never/ever/once/twice/before/It's the first/second time that...
在时间、条件等状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 I shall go with you as soon as I've finished the work.工作一干完，我就和你走。Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.车停下来之后再下车。 when/as soon as/until/if/unless
注意点：
(1)come，arrive，buy等短暂 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )性动词在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。要连用的话，必须把它们改为与之相对应的表示状态的词汇，也可使用“It is/has been＋时间＋since＋一般过去时”结构。
我收到他的信已经两天了。
【误】　I have received his letter for two days.
【正】　I received ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) his letter two days ago./I have had his letter for two days./It is two days since I received his letter.
(2)have been(to)与have gone(to)的区别
have been(to)表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”；have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时去某地的人还未回来)”；前者可与once，never，several times等连用，后者则不能。
(3)现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，与现在不发生联系。
He has bought a house.
他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这栋房子)
He bought a house two years ago.
他两年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这栋房子不清楚)
(4)在下列句型中常用现在完成时
It/This is the first/second...time＋that从句(现在完成时)
It is the second time that I have visited the Great Wall.
这已经是我第二次参观长城了。
(5)在下列句型中用现在完成时或一般现在时皆可，更常用一般现在时。
It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句
It is/has been 2 years since I came to Nankai University.
我来到南开大学已有两年了。
【特别提醒】
since从句中的动词如果是短暂性动词，表示这一行为的开始；若是延续性动词，则表示这一行为的终止。
It's weeks since John fell ill.
约翰生病好几周了。
It's weeks since John was ill.
约翰病愈已经好几周了。
It's 20 years since I smoked.
我戒烟二十年了。
二、现在完成进行时的用法：
用法 例句 常用时间状语
表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，可能刚刚结束，也可能还在继续进行。 People in the sout ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hwestern areas have been suffering from serious drought in the past few months.在过去的几个月来，西南地区的人们一直遭受严重旱灾的影响。We have been studying English since three years ago.三年以来，我们一直学英语。 all the time/all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the day/all these days/all the morning/all night/for a long time/since two days ago
表示某一动作在断断续续地重复，常带有感彩。 He has been saying he is tired of his work recently.近来他老是说厌倦了自己的工作。I have been visiting him several times this week.这个星期我看过他几次了。 all the time/many times/this month/recently/for two years
表示“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作。这一动作到说话时已经结束，而且一般不再继续下去。 I'm very tired.I've b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een painting the room.我很累，我一直在粉刷房间。My clothes are all wet.I've been working in the rain.我的衣服全湿了，我刚才一直在雨中干活。 all the time/all the morning/all theday
三、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别：
1．现在完成时强调动作在过去已经完 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成，但对现在有影响或其结果现在仍然存在；而现在完成进行时着意于动作本身，是一种持续的(但不一定是结束了的)活动。
I have written a book on UFO.It was finished last year.
我写了一本关于UFO的书，这本书是去年写完的。
I have been writing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a book on UFO.I should be able to finish it early next year.
我一直在写一本关于UFO的书，我应该在明年年初就能写完。
2．现在完成时陈述事实；而现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以前持续进行的情景，并带有感彩。
My father has lost his keys.
我父亲把钥匙丢了。(陈述事实)
My father has always been losing his keys.
我父亲老是弄丢自己的钥匙。(含责怪或无奈之意)
3．现在完成时既可用于状态性动词，也可用于动作性动词；而现在完成进行时通常只用于动作性的动词。
I have had this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )computer for 10 years，with which I have written plenty of articles.
我已拥有这台电脑10年之久了，并用它写了大量的文章。
I have been writing articles with this computer for 10 years.
10年来我一直用这台电脑创作。
4．有少数动词(如work，stud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y，live，teach，stay等)在表示持续一段时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性)。
－How long have you worked/been working here
－Ten years.
——你在这儿工作多长时间了？
——10年了。
Period ⅣTask &Project
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
2．理解课文
3．能够根据课文中所提出的问题，发表自己的观点和给出学生认为合理的建议。
4．掌握如何设计并完成一个问卷调查；学习如何问
候别人和作介绍。
5．学写调查报告
●教学地位
本课时的内容是学习如何设计并完成问卷调查，及通过对一篇关于“雪人”的报道的学习掌握如何写调查报告。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
建议以检查上节课的语法导入新课。
●教学流程设计
???????????
Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P18 Reading部分，判断正误
1．It's report ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed that a wild creature called Yeti can walk like a human being and often comes down to attack people.(　　)
2．It is known that the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re possibly exists a kind of Wild Man of Shennongjia Nature Reserve in western Hubei Province，China.(　　)
3．Scientists have g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )athered enough evidence for the existence of the wild creature.(　　)
【答案】　1.F　2.T　3.F
Ⅱ.篇章结构
阅读P18Reading部分，然后完成下列表格，每空一词
creatures Name Living place Relevant information
Yeti The Himalayas The Yeti is said to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a large，hairy animal about 6 feet in 1. .It can walk on two feet as a human being 2. .
Bigfoot The forests of the northwest of the US The tracks of Bigfoot look like 3. of the Yeti.
Strange creatures Wild Man of Shenno－ngjia TheShenno ngjiaNature 4. The Wild Man of Shenno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngjia is 5. to Yeti and Bigfoot.Dozens of people have reported seeing one in the western Hubei Province，China.It's 6. that they can move with great speed and 7. ．Although people have 8. several searches，they haven't found any strong 9. for its existence.
Research on the wild creatures Doctor Grover Krant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )z studied reports of such strange creatures for many years.He believed that they were 10. to a common ancestor in Asia about 300，000 years ago.
【答案】　1.height　2.does　3.those　4.Reserve
5．similar　6.amazing　7.strength　8.organized
9．evidence　10.linked
1．at a time一次，每次
Ask one piece of information at a time.(P12)每次只问一个问题。
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asked one student to go to his office at a time.老师每次叫一名同学去他的办公室。
Deal with each question separately，one at a time.
问题要分开处理，一次一个。
at one time曾经，一度，同时
at times有时，间或
at the time那时候
at no time决不(出现在句首时，句子要用部分倒装)
in time及时，迟早
　
Disco music was ver ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y popular on the mainland of China at one time.迪斯科音乐在中国内地曾经风靡一时。
I feel a littl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e nervous at times in front of my English teacher.我在英语老师面前有时候会感到有点紧张。
At no time should you betray your motherland.
你决不能背叛祖国。
【教师备课资源】　
关于time的常用短语
at all times一直
(at)any time在任何时候
at the same time同时
on time准时
in no time立刻
for the first time第一次
from time to time有时
take one's time不着急，慢慢来
kill time消磨时间
　
The secretar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y said to the interviewees，“Don't come in together，one ．”
A．at one time　　　　 B．at a time
C．at the time D．at no time
【解析】　句意为“秘书对面试者说：‘不要一起进来，每次进来一位’”。at a time每次。
【答案】　B
2．point out指出
Point out which rule each statement breaks.(P12)
指出每句陈述违反了哪条规则。
She pointed out the dangers of driving alone.
她指出单独驾车的危险。
point to指向(强调方向)
point at 指着
point sth.at sb./sth.用……指着某人/某物
They pointed their guns at her head.
他们用枪指着她的头。
He pointed t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me.他指向门，我发现那里有一个女孩在朝我微笑。
The teacher pointed at the map and told me where China was.
老师指着地图告诉我中国的位置。
【教师备课资源】　
point n．点；分数，得分；尖，尖端；观点，看法；问题
on the point of doing...正要，快要(做某事)
be on the point of doing...when...(＝be about to
do...when...)正要(做某事)，这时……
in point of 就……而言
to the point相关的；切题的
come/get to the point直切要点；直入主题
off to the point离题的
miss the point没理解；不明白
　
用to/at/out填空
①“That's the man who did it，”she said，pointing me.
②He pointed a tower in the distance(远处)．
③My teacher pointed my mistakes.
【答案】　①at　②to　③out
3．disagree vi不同意；不一致；不适合
A stands for Agree，D f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or Disagree，and N for Not sure.(P12)A代表同意，D代表不同意，N代表不确定。
Even friends disagree sometimes.
即使是朋友有时也有分歧。
Teenagers and their parents often disagree.
青少年和他们的父母经常会意见不合。
①disagree with sb.on/about sth.
在某事上与某人意见不同
sth.disagree with sb.
(气候、食物等)使某人身体不适
disagree with sth./doing sth.反对，不赞成
②disagreement n．分歧；争论
in disagreement with与……不一致/有分歧
　
I disagree with violent protests.
我反对暴力抗议。
What he said disagreed with what he did.
他言行不一。
完成句子
①我吃海鲜总是感到不舒服。
Seafood always me.
②对于这个数据，他们和我们有分歧。
They are us about the data.
【答案】　①disagrees with　②in disagreement with
4．discount n．折扣；减价 vt.打折出售
for discounts(P13)为了折扣
The discount was very huge.折扣的幅度非常大。
Do I get a discount if I buy a whole case of wine
如果我买一整箱酒，能给我打折吗？
give/offer sb.a discount向某人提供折扣
at a discount享受折扣
discount price折扣价
discount shop/store折扣商店
　
They're offering a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )10% discount on all sofas this month.本月他们给沙发售价统统打九折。
They were selling everything at a discount.
他们销售的所有商品都打折。
【提示】　discount表示某物在出售时在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )原价的基础上扣除所减去的百分比，而中文的“折扣”意为扣除所减之百分比后余下的百分比，如“九折”，英文为“10% discount”。
单项填空
①－Is this the painting which you offered $1，000 for on the Internet
　－Yes，I will give you 15% if you like it.
A．fee B．discount
C．charge D．price
【解析】　考查名词辨析。句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意：——这就是你在网上要价1000美元的那幅画吗？——是的，如果你喜欢，我将给你15%的优惠。fee小费；discount折扣；charge费用，价钱；price价格。
【答案】　B
翻译句子
②Can you give me a discount
③The shop promised to discount prices at 10%.
【答案】　②你能给我打折吗？　③商店答应打10%的折扣。
5．in return 反之；作为回报；作为回应
The person will then greet you in return.(P14)作为回报，那个人也会问候你。
I asked her opinion，b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut she just asked me a question in return.我征求她的意见，她却只是反问了我一句。
in return for作为对……的报答
in turn依次；轮流；反过来
by turns轮流
Can I buy you lunch in return for your help
感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？
The girls called out their names in turn.
女孩们逐一报出了自己的姓名。
We kept watch by turns.
我们轮流守望。
单项填空
①They allow us to use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) their computer，and we should share the results of our research with them.
A．in return B．in the return
C．by turns D．in turn
【解析】　句意为“他们允许我们使用电脑，作为回报我们应该将研究结果与他们分享”。
【答案】　A
翻译句子
②我们应该努力学习来回报父母对我们的关爱。
【答案】　②We should study hard in return for our parents' love and care.
6．award n．奖，奖品，奖金 vt.授予，奖励
We could offer awa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rds to the winning team and the most enthusiastic players.(P17)
我们可以给获胜队伍和最热情的运动员发奖。
She won the Best player of the Year award.
她赢得了年度最佳运动员奖。
She has been award ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed a scholarship to study at Harvard.她获得了去哈佛大学读书的奖学金。
award/prize
award n. & v．指为鼓励在工作中达到所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。
prize n．多指在各类竞赛、比赛或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。
　
用award，prize的适当形式填空
①A medal was to the best speller in the class.
②Zhang Ziyi won the best actress ．
③The school Mary a for her good work.
【答案】　①awarded　②award　③awarded；prize
7．The Yeti is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) said to be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.(P18)
据说，雪人是种高大多毛，像人类一样用双脚行走的动物。
句型 sb.is said to be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )...意为“据说……；人们说……”，相当于It is said that sb....或People say that sb....。
The jewels were said to be beyond price.
据说那些珠宝价值连城。
He is said to be an o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )verseas Chinese.＝People say that he is an overseas Chinese.＝It is said that he is an overseas Chinese.据说他是华侨。
It is thought that...大家认为……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is believed that...人们相信……
It is hoped that...人们希望……
It is supposed that...人们推测……
　 It is generally supposed that it will not happen again.
一般都推测此事不会再发生。
It is believed that t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he troops have already crossed the border.人们相信部队已越过了边界。
It is thought that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the project can't be completed this year.据认为，这项工程今年不能完工。
【教师备课资源】　
It is suggested that...人们建议……
It is agreed that...人们同意……
It is known that...众所周知……
It is considered that...据认为……
It is proved that...据证明……
　
一句多译
据报道在南京和上海之间要修建一条新铁路。
A new railway
between Nanjing and Shanghai.
The newspaper reports that a new railway
between Nanjing and Shanghai.
a new railway will be built between Nanjing and Shanghai.
【答案】　is reported to be built；will be built；It is reported that
8．attack vt.&vi.&n.攻击；进攻；抨击；患病
People believe that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Yetis sometimes come down from the mountains to attack villagers.(P18)
人们认为野人有时从山上下来攻击村民。
She was attacked while walking home alone at night.
她在深夜独自回家的路上遭到袭击。
We started an attack on the enemy.
我们向敌人发动进攻。
attack sb.for sth.由于某事而责难某人
attack sb.with sth.用……攻击某人
be attacked with a disease患病
make an attack on...向……发动进攻
under attack受到攻击
a heart attack心脏病发作
Once again we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) came under attack from enemy's fighter planes.我们又一次遭到敌人战斗机的袭击。
He attacked the government for failing to cut taxes.
他抨击政府未能减税。
完成句子
①这篇文章抨击了政府的教育政策。
The article the government its policy on education.
②女主人用一块木头猛打进屋行窃的小偷。
The hostess the burglar a piece of wood.
③她突然头痛。
She a headache.
【答案】　①attacked；for　②attacked；with　③was attacked with
9．They made cop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies of these tracks and had them examined by a scientist in the USA.(P18)
他们把这些脚印复制下来，然后请美国的一名科学家鉴别。
在had them ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )amined结构中，have后接的是复合宾语，其中宾语them与宾补examined之间逻辑上存在动宾关系，表示主语的有意识的行为，have具有使役意义。
have sth.done的用法：
(1)使完成某事/使某事被完成(通常是请别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的)。
Where do you normally have your hair cut
你通常在哪里剪头发？(请别人完成)
He told me that he had had his car repaired.
他告诉我他的汽车已经修好了。(自己可能参与)
(2)遭遇某种(不幸的)事情。
He had his office broken into last night.
他的办公室昨晚被人撬了。
【教师备课资源】　
have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
have sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事
have sth.going/working让某物运转/工作
have＋一段时间＋to do sth.有时间做某事
　
完成句子
①在我参观期间，我请人拍了些照片。
I some photos during my visit.
②你应该去检查一下你的眼睛。
You should ．
③汤姆的钱包被偷了。
Tom his wallet ．
【答案】　①had；taken　②have your eyes examined
③had；stolen
10．There have been doz ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ens of reports that people have seen a Wild Man in the Shennongjia Nature Reserve in western Hubei Province，China.(P18)
已经有好几十起报告说人们在中国湖北西部的神农架自然保护区看见过野人。
(1)dozen n．(一)打；十二个；十来个
The number of deaths has risen to more than two dozen.死亡人数已增至二十四人以上。
We collected dozens of shells on the beach.
我们在海滩上捡了很多贝壳。
We bought two dozen storybooks yesterday.
我们昨天买了两打故事书。
Three dozen of them are league members.
他们中有三十六人是团员。
【提示】
(1)dozen 表示确切数目时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )除能与a和基数词连用外，还能与some，many several等数目不很具体的词连用。其中dozen不加s，其后也不用of；
(2)如果dozen后有these，those，them，us等词，表示“范围中的某某”时，中间加of连接；
(3)dozens of 表示不确定数目，意为“许多，数十”等。
单句改错
①I bought 4 dozen of pencils yesterday.
②We haven't seen each other for dozens years.
③I want 3 dozens of these eggs.
【答案】　①去掉of　②dozens后加of
③dozens→dozen
完成句子
④Could you get me (半打鸡蛋)when you go to the shop
⑤I need (一打这些)pencils.
⑥The storm has destroyed (几十座房屋和建筑)．
【答案】　④half a dozen eggs　⑤a dozen of these
⑥dozens of houses and buildings
(2)reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储备
vt.预订；保留；储备
Keep some money in reserve，just in case.
存一些钱，以防万一。
I'll make a phone call later and reserve a table.
我会等会儿打个电话预订一张桌子。
in reserve储存，留以备用
with reserve有保留地
without reserve毫无保留地
reserve sth.for sb./sth.替……保留，留作……之用
He spoke without reserve of his time in prison.
他毫无保留地说出他在监狱里的那段日子。
These seats are reserved for special guests.
这些座位是替特殊的客人保留的。
完成句子
⑦动物都在自然保护区内以免被射杀。
Animals for fear that they might be shot.
⑧我要预订一张去纽约的票。
I'd like to New York.
⑨只要你预先付钱，我们可以为你们留着这些书。
We can you，only if you pay in advance.
⑩现在人们对这一观点持保留态度。
Such a view is now treated ．
【答案】　⑦are kept in reserves　⑧reserve a ticket to
⑨reserve these books for　⑩with reserve
11．belong to属于；是……的一员
Large tracks h