【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语译林版必修二教师用书Unit 3　Amazing people

Unit 3　Amazing people
【美文阅读】　
John Wesley Powell－Famous Explorer of the American West
1869年美国独臂炮兵少校约翰·卫斯莱·鲍威尔带领一支探险小分队发现了科罗拉多大峡谷。从此，他声名远扬。
John Wesley Powell b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecame famous for his trip on the Green and Colorado Rivers. It was one of the greatest trips of discovery in the history of North America.
John was born in 1834 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in New York State. When he was a little boy, he learned many things about the natural sciences, philosophy and history from George Crookham, a self－taught scientist. In 1861 the civil war broke out in the United States. John joined the army. At the battle of Shiloh, he lost his right arm.
After the war, John ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Wesley Powell taught science at two universities in Illinois. He also helped found the Illinois Museum of Natural History.
From 1867 Pow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ell led a series of expeditions into the Rocky Mountains and around the Green and Colorado rivers. Powell’s first trip was extremely successful. A second trip took place the following year. In 1869, Powell decided to explore the Green River and the Colorado River, which he believed would provide a wealth of scientific information about that part of America.
Powell got help fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D．C. The Smithsonian gave him scientific equipment. He got help from the army. The army promised to protect the explorers in dangerous areas. And he got help from the railroads. The railroads agreed to let the explorers ride free as far as possible.
The trip was just ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) as dangerous as expected，perhaps more. The rivers were filled with rocky (多岩石的) areas and waterfalls. One of the boats broke in two against a big rock. The explorers suffered from a hot sun and cold rain. They lost many of their supplies. The trip through the great canyon (大峡谷) was full of dangers. Yet they kept moving. Conditions grew so bad that only three of the men were left to try to finish the trip.
The story of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the brave explorers was printed in newspapers all over the country. John Wesley Powell became one of the most famous explorers across the world.
【诱思导学】　
John Wesley Powell was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) born in 1834 in New York State. In the civil war of America, he suffered the 1. of his right arm. After the war, Powell worked as a university 2. in Illinois. From 1867 he began his exploration of the Rocky Mountains. Then in 3. ， with the help of the Smithsonian, the 4. and the railroads, Powell’s trip through the Green River and the Colorado River succeeded. John Wesley Powell became a famous 5. across the world.
【答案】　1.loss　2.teacher　3.1869　4.army　5.explorer
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具演示)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课中对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本课时主要讲述神秘的古代 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文明，而本科主要讲述埃及金字塔及有关木乃伊的诅咒，他们是人类不断研究和探索的领域，也是我们学生非常感兴趣的领域。本课主要帮助学生通过阅读这篇文章掌握阅读此类文章的阅读策略和阅读技巧，提高学生的阅读能力和综合运用语言的能力，同时，培养学生科学探究的精神。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
为了调动学生的好奇心和求知欲，首先让学生观看金字塔，然后导入题目，然后让学生根据题目预测文章内容。
●教学流程设计
???????学生再次仔 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细阅读课文(课本第42－43页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第46页)。?????老师布置作业，让学生完成课本第44页C1、C2、D三题，预习学案PeriodⅡ(见学案第47页)。
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P42－43的Reading部分，完成下面的表格
(每个空格填一个单词)
The curse of the mummy
Mysteries
Main 1． Main events
Howard Carter，a famous2． ●In 1922，he led a t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eam to Egypt and made some unexpected 3. in the tombs of the Egyptian kings.●He lived on until the age of 65.
Lord Carnarvon，a British man He，who was on the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 4. when the tomb was opened，fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt.
George Gould，a friend of Carnarvon's He also paid a visit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the tomb, 5. to catch a fever the next day and died twelve hours later.
Richard Bethell，Carter's 6. He died of heart trouble four months after the tomb was opened.
Arthur Mace，a member of the team He also died shortly after the discovery.
7. ●Some people think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the 8. were just coincidence.Some people believe it had a 9. with the curse of the mummy.●Others believe it was the 10. in the tomb that caused illness or death
【答案】　1.characters　2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).explorer　3.discoveries　4.scene　5.only　6.secretary　7.Explanation　8.deaths　9.connection　10.viruses
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P42－P43的Reading部分，选择最佳答案
1．What was the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )name of the Egyptian King whose tomb Howard Carter found
A．Tutankhamun.
B．George Gould.
C．Unknown.
2．What happened to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some of Carter's team members after the tomb was opened
A．They fell ill and died.
B．They were cursed.
C．They died after they returned to their motherland.
3．Who funded Carter's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) team to make discoveries in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt
A．British Queen.
B．The king of Egypt.
C．Lord Carnarvon.
4．When Carter's team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun， ．
A．they just kept the treasures where they were
B．they took away all of the treasures
C．they presented the treasures to the king of Egypt
5．Which explan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ation sounds more reasonable for the people's deaths after the opening of the tomb
A．Just coincidence.
B．The result of the mummy's curse.
C．Many viruses inside the tombs killed the people.
【答案】　1.A　2.A　3.C　4.A　5.C
Ⅲ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
coincidence；viruse； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )explore；scientific；curse；curious；what；sail；something；strange
Howard Carter was b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )right and 1. about the world outside his home town. In 1891, he 2. to Alexandria, Egypt. By the 1920s, he had become an 3. who searched for the tomb of the Egyptian Kings.
Carter's team found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the tomb of King Tutankhamun.But people in Carter's team began to fall ill and die 4. not long after the tomb had been opened.Within seven years，21 people who had 5. to do with the opening of the tomb died.
Some people say the de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aths were just 6. ．Others believe that they were the result of the mummy's 7. ．Still others believe that there is a 8. explanation, because inside the tombs there are many 9. .10. ．is certain, though, is that“the curse of the mummy” remains a riddle to this day.
【答案】　1.curious　2.sailed　3.explorer　4.strangely
5．something　6.coincidence　7.curse　8.scientific　9.viruses　10.What
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．connection　　　　 A．the things that are contained in sth.
2．disturb B．a door, gate or passage
3. fortune C．to make food, drink etc. down into your stomach
4. preserve D．the link between two facts, ideas, etc.
5. content E. to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )interrupt sb.when they are trying to work, sleep, etc.
6. swallow F．to protect; to keep sth.unchanged
7．entrance G．a large amount of money; good luck
【答案】　1.D　2.E　3.G　4.F　5.A　6.C　7.B
Ⅱ.短语填空
从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空
of all time；pay off ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；be curious about；search for；come across；in connection with；as well as；result in
1．A man the murder is being questioned by the police.
2．We are always told ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to mind our own business and not to what other people are doing.
3．You are the most energetic woman I've ever ．
4．Continued stres ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s may mental illness.5.The villagers are helping to the missing child in the woods.
【答案】　1.in connecti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on with　2.be curious about　3.come across　4.result in　5.search for
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．By the 1920s，he h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
到20世纪20年代，他已经成为了一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王们的陵墓。
2．Upon their e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntering the tomb, Carter's lucky pet bird，which he had left in Cairo, was swallowed by a snake.
进入陵墓的那一刻，卡特的幸运爱鸟，(他已把它留在了开罗)就被一条蛇给吞吃了。
3．Within seve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n years, 21 people who had something to do with the opening of the tomb died.
7年中，有21位与挖掘坟墓有关的人去世了。
4．If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
这些病毒如果被人体吸入，就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
5．What is certain, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ough, is that “the curse of the mummy” remains a riddle to this day.
但是，有一点可以肯定的是，‘木乃伊之咒语'至今仍是一个谜。
Period ⅡWelcome to the unit & Reading
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
2．通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。
3．通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
●教学地位
单词和短语在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
教师可以以检查上堂课所布置的作业导入新课。
●教学流程设计
??让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第47页 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。??老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。???作业。让学生完成课本第45页E、F题“课时作业”和预习“Period Ⅲ”(见学案第55页)。
1．change...for...把……变成；把……换成……
Some amazing people ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve changed our world for the better through their thoughts and actions.(P41)
有些神奇的人物通过他们的思想和行为使我们的世界变得更加美好。
Mr.Smith wants to change RMB for foreign money.
史密斯先生想把人民币换成外国货币。
The doctor has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) changed the patient's condition for the better.医生已使病人的状况好转。
change...into...使……变成……
change over改变的，转换
change one's mind改变某人的主意
　 The magician changed the scarf into a pigeon.
魔术师把围巾变成了一只鸽子。
He used to drink ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tea at breakfast，but now he's changed over to coffee.
他过去早餐常常喝茶，但现在已变成喝咖啡了。
I bought these shoes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for my son，but they're too large.Can I them a smaller size
A．make；into　　　　　　B．make；for
C．change；for D．change；into
【解析】　change...into的意思是“使……变为”；change...for...的意思是“把……换成……”，故选C。
【答案】　C
2．win vi.& vt.赢得；获得；获胜
Mother Teresa won a Nobel Peace Prize for her work
among the poor people of India.(P41)特蕾莎修女由于为印度贫苦人民所做的工作而获得诺贝尔和平奖。
By hard work，she wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n herself a place in the school team.经过刻苦训练，她在校队里赢得了地位。
Our team won the game.
我们队获胜了。
win/beat(defeat)/earn
win “战胜，赢得”，其宾语通常是战争、比赛、奖品、奖学金、席位等名词，竞争对手一般不能作其宾语。
beat/defeat 在比赛或战争中“战胜或打败”对手，后面的宾语是竞争对手。defeat较为正式。
earn “赢得，挣得”，表示通过工作获得报酬和利益或经过努力获得地位或荣誉等。
　
完成句子
①如果一个人能战胜自己，他日后定会成功。
If one can himself，he is sure to succeed one day.
②她做兼职工作来挣钱度假。
She took a part－time job to some money for her holiday.
③最终北方赢得了战争。
Finally the north the war.
【答案】　①beat/defeat　②earn　③won
3．curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的
He was bright and curious about the world outside his hometown.(P42)
他天资聪颖，对家乡外部的世界充满了好奇。
I'm curious how he will deal with it.
我很想知道他会如何处理这件事。
be curious about对……好奇
be curious to do sth.很想做某事
be curious＋clause︿是奇怪的
curiosity n．好奇(心)；珍品
out of curiosity出于好奇
It is curious that...奇怪的是……
　 The child is always curious to find out how everything works.
这孩子总是很好奇，想弄明白一切都是怎么回事。
She watched curiously as I opened the box.
她好奇地看着我打开盒子。
He kept asking me numerous questions about it out of curiosity.
出于好奇，关于那件事他不停地问了我许多问题。
完成句子
①Everybody on board was worried and we (急于想了解出了什么事) .
②The cat (看到自己在镜子中的映像，感到很好奇)．
③ (奇怪的是)she didn't tell anyone.
④出于好奇心，她看了别人写给他的信。
She read the letter written to him ．
【答案】　①were curiou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s to find out what had happened　②felt curious when she saw her own reflection in the mirror　③It was curious that　④out of curiosity
4．By the 1920s，h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.(P42)
到了20世纪20年代，他已经成了一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王们的陵墓。
by＋过去时间点或by the time＋过去时态的从句，意为“到……为止”，主句要用过去完成时(had＋p.p.)。
By the end of last month ，we had learnt 3，000 English words.
到上个月末为止，我们已经学会了3，000个英语单词。
by
　 By the time I got to the airport, my friend's plane had already taken off.
当我到达机场时，我朋友的飞机已经起飞了。
By the end of next ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )moth, Mary will have finished her studies in China.
到下个月底，玛丽将完成在中国的学习。
【提示】
by the time(到……为止 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))引导时间状语从句时，主从句的时态为：从句用一般现在时态，主句通常用将来完成时态；从句用一般过去时态，主句通常用过去完成时态。
单项填空
①When I talked wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h my grandma on the phone，she sounded weak，but by the time we up，her voice had been full of life.
A．were hanging　　　　　B．had hung
C．hung D．would hang
【解析】　主句用过去完成时，确定by the time后面的句子应该用一般过去时。
【答案】　C
翻译句子
②到上个月末为止，我们已经完成了三分之二的工作。
【答案】　By the end of last month，we had finished two thirds of the work.
5．Inside the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tombs，he discovered a great fortune in jewels and gold，along with the preserved bodies of dead kings.(P42)
在这些陵墓中，他发现了一大批的珠宝和黄金以及已故国王们经过处理的遗体。
(1)fortune n．大笔的钱；财富；运气
Fortune always rewards those who are ready.
财富总是青睐有准备的人。
He made a fortune for growing vegetables this year.
他今年种蔬菜发了财。
have fortune to do sth　　　有幸做某事
be in good/bad fortune 运气好/差
try one's fortune 碰运气
make a fortune 发财，赚大钱
seek one's fortune 寻出路，去闯天下
worth a fortune 值一大笔钱
　 He dreamed of making a/his fortune.
他梦想发大财。
Young people come to the city to seek their fortune.
年轻人来到城市里寻找发财的机会。
【教师备课资源】　
fortunate adj.幸运的
be fortunate to do/in doing sth.幸运地做某事
fortunately adv.幸运地
unfortunate adj.不幸运的
unfortunately adv.不幸运地
　
翻译句子
①她非常幸运免于受伤。
②每个人运气都不错。
③他想到国外碰碰运气。
【答案】　①She had good fortune to escape injury.
②Everyone is in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )good fortune　③He wanted to go abroad to try his fortune
(2)preserve vt.保存，保护，保持
The tower is perfectly preserved.
这座塔保存完好。
He can always preserve a sense of humour.
他总是能保持幽默感。
preserve...from/against...保护……以免……
preservation n．保护；保护区
　 We should preserve these animals from dying out.
我们应该保护这些动物免于灭绝。
Pandas are well p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reserved in the natural preservation zones.熊猫在自然保护区内得到了很好的保护。
完成句子
④I think these (有趣的习俗应该被保留)．
⑤We have taken effective measures (保护自然资源)．
【答案】　④interes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ting customs should be preserved　⑤to preserve our natural resources
6．come across 发现；(偶然)遇见
There，they came across the tomb of King Tutankhamun.(P42)
就在这个地方他们发现了国王图坦卡蒙的陵墓。
Perhaps I shall come across him somewhere in the park.
也许我会在公园的某个地方遇到他。
Little Tom came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) across a snake and it scared him to death.小汤姆碰见一条蛇，可真把他吓坏了。
come across (vi)．被理解，被弄懂；给人以……印象
come about发生，
come on加油、快点，
come out出版、出现，
come to达到、谈到，
come up with提出(问题或意见)、追上。
　 How does it come about that he is always so busy
他老是这么忙是怎么回事？
Come on，children，or we'll be late!
快点，孩子们，否则我们就要迟到啦！
The monthly roses will come out soon.
月季花很快就要开了。
I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
我希望你能提出一个比这更好的计划。
【教师备课资源】　
表示“意外，偶然遇到”的短语还有：
run across/into
happen to meet
chance to meet
meet with
meet sb./sth.by chance
meet sb./sth.by accident
　
用come的相关短语填空
①We are making efforts a practical idea.
② ！Don't just sit there daydreaming.
③Learning English once a week.
④When it English，he has much to say.
⑤At that time，I could hardly realize how all this ．
⑥He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not ．
【答案】　①to come up with　②Come on　③comes out
④comes to　⑤had come about　⑥come across
7．as well as除……之外
The tomb contained mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e treasure than any of us had ever seen before，as well as the mummy of the king.(P42)除了国王的木乃伊之外，这座陵墓还藏有大量的珍宝，比我们任何人先前所见过的都要多。
The girl is lively as well as healthy.
这个女孩儿既健康又活泼。
Their decision wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l affect the whole shool as well as our class.他们的决定不仅会影响到我们班，而且会影响到整个学校。
①用作连词，as well as可以用来连接两个相同的成分。
②连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应与前面那个名词或代词的人称和数一致。
③用作介词，此时as well as相当于besides，意思为“除……之外，还有”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。
④as well as可以用于同级的比较，意为“和……一样好”。
⑤as well是副词短语，其意为“也”，相当于too，它一般放在句末，有时和连词and或but搭配使用。
　 As well as being a volunteer of the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai herself，she also persuaded us to take part in it.
除了她自己做2010上海世博会志愿者以外，她还说服我们也参加。
She sings as well as，if not better than，her elder sister.
她唱歌如果不比她姐姐好，至少也跟她姐姐一样。
Mr.Liu can speak English，but he can speak Cantonese as well.
刘先生会说英语，但他也能讲广东话。
as well as/not only...but also
as well as 连接两个并列成分，侧重点在前者，连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数要由第一个名词或代词决定。
not only...
but also 连接两个并列成分，侧重点在后者，连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据第二个名词或代词决定，即使用“就近原则”。
　His childre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n as well as his wife were invited to the party.?Not only his wife but also his children were invited to the party.
不但他的太太，连他的孩子都被邀参加了那次晚会。
①Not only Ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry and I but also Jane having one exam after another.
A．is tired of B．are tired of
C．is tired with D．are tired with
【解析】　 be tired of“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )厌倦；厌烦”；be tired with“因……而疲劳”，not only...but also句型的主谓一致遵循就近一致的原则，故该句话的主语为Jane。
【答案】　A
②Mary as well as her sisters Chinese in China.
A．are studying B．have studied
C．is studying D．study
【解析】　as well as连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词应当与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。故选C项。
【答案】　C
8．content n．内容；目录；容量，满足；adj.满足的；满意的；vt.使满足
Afterwards，all of i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts contents would go into a museum.(P42)随后，所有墓中的东西都将进入博物馆。
Fire has damaged the contents of the building.
大火导致那栋大楼里的东西损毁。
be content to do sth.乐于做某事
be content with对……满足/满意
content oneself with满足于；
使(某人)自己对……感到满足
　 I was content to wait.我愿意等待。
Don't be content with such small success.
不要满足于这样小的成功。
【提示】
content用作形容词时，常作表语、后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )置定语或状语。作前置定语时需用contented，如a contented expression(满足的表情)；作表语表示“非常满意”时，用be well content而不用be very content。
单项填空
①I think those who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are not with the progress they have made will have greater success.
A．suitable B．popular
C．content D．proud
【解析】　be content with对……满足/满意。
【答案】　C
完成句子
②她没有看过那封信，所以对其内容一无所知。
She hadn't read the le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tter and so .
③我的道歉好像使他感到满意。
My apology .
【答案】　②she knew nothing about its contents
③seemed to content him
9．Upon their en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tering the tomb，Carter's luky pet bird，which he had left in Cairo，was swallowed by a snake.(P42)他们进入陵墓的那一刻，卡特的幸运爱鸟(他已把它留在了开罗)就被一条蛇给吞吃了。
upon/on＋n./doing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sth.表示“一……就……”，意思相当于as soon as或when引导的时间状语从句。on/upon后可以接名词或动名词。
Upon hearing the news，he informed me.
一听到这消息他就通知我了。
On his arrival at the flood area，he went to see the people there.
他一到达水灾地区，就去看望那里的人们。
“一……就……”的表达方式还 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有：as soon as...；immediately/directly/instantly...；the moment/minute instant...；no sooner...than...；hardly/scarcely...when...
　 As soon as I got home，it began to rain.
＝Immediately I got home，it began to rain.
＝The moment I got home，it began to rain.
＝Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
＝No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
我一到家天就开始下雨了。
句型转换
①When he arrived at the platform，he found the train had just started.
at the platform，he found the train had just started.
at the platform，he found the train had just started.
②I recognized her the moment I saw her.
I recognized her I saw her.
【答案】　①Upon/On arriving；Upon/On his arrival　②immediately/directly
10．death n．死，死亡；终止；结束
At the moment of Carna ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rvon's death，the lights went out in Cairo，the capital of Egypt.(P43)．
在卡那封病死的那一刻，埃及首都开罗所有的电灯突然熄灭。
The number of deaths on the road rises every year.
道路交通死亡人数逐年上升。
The doctor said that the cause of death was brain damage.医生说死因是脑损伤。
put sb.to death处死某人
sentence sb.to death判某人死刑
die vi死，死亡
dead adj.死的，无生命的
dying adj.快要死的；渴望
deadly adj.致死的；非常的 adv.死一样地；非常地
　 The judge sentenced the murderer to death.
法官判处那个杀人犯死刑。
The tiger fell dead.老虎倒地死去。
We are all bored to death.
我们都厌烦得要死了。
Any deadly weapon is not allowed here.
这里不允许有任何致命性武器。
用die的适当形式填空
①Heart failure was the immediate cause of his ．
②Drunk driving is a main cause of highway ．
③I thought she was joking but she was serious.
④Liu Hulan at the age of 14.She died a glorious(光荣的) ．Although she has been for many years，she will live in our hearts.
⑤She is to perform on the stage.
【答案】　①death　②deaths　③deadly　④died；death；dead　⑤dying
11．He too visited the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tomb，only to catch a high fever the next day.(P43)
他也去了陵墓，结果第二天就发高烧。
only to do sth. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，意为“不料，竟然”。不定式短语作结果状语表示意想不到的结果，前面常有only。不定式作状语还可表目的、条件、原因。
We hurried to the cine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ma，only to be told the tickets had been sold out.
我们急匆匆赶到电影院，却被告知票早已经卖完了。
I'm pleased to receive your present.
收到你的礼物我很高兴。
To be a success，one must work hard.
一个人要想成功就必须努力。
现在分词作结果状语往往表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中”的结果。不定式所表示的结果往往含有“偶然的、令人意想不到”的意味，其中以“使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。(有时也可表示令人愉快、惊喜的结果)
　 A remote－controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday，injuring at least 12 people.昨天一枚遥控炸弹在宾馆外爆炸，造成至少12人死亡。
①He hurried to the station only that the train had left.
A．to find　　　　　　B．finding
C．found D．to have found
【解析】　句意为“他匆忙赶到车站结果却发现火车已经开走了”，only to意为“结果却……”，表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果。
【答案】　A
②The news sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cked the public， to great concern about students' safety at school.
A．having led B．led
C．leading D．to lead
【解析】　句意：公众对这则消息感到震 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )惊，引起了对在校学生安全的关注。导致人们震惊，是预料中的结果，故用C项，为现在分词作结果状语，表示预料中的结果。
【答案】　C
12．have something to do with和……有关
Within seven years，2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1 people who had something to do with the opening of the tomb died.(P43)七年间，与陵墓发掘工作有关的人员之中有21人死亡。
I don't know who has something to do with this accident.我不知道谁与这件事故有关。
Does he have anything to do with the story
他与这个故事有关吗？
have nothing/little to do with与……无关/几乎无关
have much to do with与……有很大关系
　 Don't you have too much to do with him
你难道不是与他有很大关系吗？
I'm wondering whe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther this accident has to do his drinking alcohol.
A．something；with　　　　　　B．anything；with
C．nothing；with D．anything；in
【解析】　本题考查have something to do with意为“与……有关”，故选A。
【答案】　A
13．coincidence n．巧合，碰巧
Some people say the deaths were just coincidence.(P43)有人说那死亡只是巧合。
It was a coincidence that he appeared at that moment.
他正好在那一刻出现真是个巧合。
It is no coincidence that you always meet with him
around the corner.
你总在拐角遇到他不是巧合。
coincident adj.巧合的
coincidental adj.由巧合造成的
What a coincidence...！……多么巧！
It is no coincidence that...……绝不是偶然的。
by coincidence＝by chance＝by accident 偶然地
　 －I'm going to Paris next week.
——我打算下周去巴黎。
－What a coinciden ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce！So am I．——真巧啊！我也去。By a strange coincidence we happened to be travelling on the same train.
巧得出奇，我们恰好坐同一列火车去旅行。
This can't be a(n) that three banks were robbed in one night.
A．coincidence　　　　　　B．accident
C．incident D．chance
【解析】　本题考查名词辨析。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意 为“一夜之间三家银行被抢，这绝不是巧合”。coincidence巧合；accident意外，事故；incident令人不快的事情；chance机会，可能性。故选A。
【答案】　A
14．in connection with关于；与……有关
Others believe t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat they were in connection with a mummy's curse...(P43)
另一些人则相信这与木乃伊的诅咒有关，……
The police are interviewing two men in connection with the robbery.
警方正在查问与抢劫案有关的两个人。
connection between...……之间的联系
connection to/with...与……的联系/关系
have a connection with与……有关
　 His question has no direct connection with our discussion.他的问题与我们的讨论没有直接联系。
I failed to see a connection between the two cases.
我看不出这两个案件之间有什么联系。
The building is ready for connection to the gas supply.
这座楼已经准备接通煤气。
【教师备课资源】　
connect v．连接；联想，把… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…联系起来。connect A to/with B 把A与B连接；be connected with与……有联系/有关(相当于have sth.to do with)．
　
完成句子
①I got her phone number，hoping to (与她进一步联系)．
②13 men have been (因与谋杀有关而受到盘问)．
③ (抽烟和心脏病的关系)is well known.
【答案】　①have a further connection with her
②questioned in connection with the murder
③The connection between smoking and heart disease
15．disturb vt.打扰；扰乱；妨碍；使烦恼；弄乱
When a tomb is opened，fresh air disturbs the viruses.(P43)
一旦打开陵墓，外界的新鲜空气就搅动了这些病毒。
If you get up early，try not to disturb everyone else.
如果你起得早，尽量不要影响别人。
He was disturbed to hear the news.
他听到这个消息感到不安。
disturb/interrupt/trouble
disturb 意为“打扰或扰乱(对方休息或工作)”。
interrupt 多指由于某种外界因素，而停下来，中断其连续性或为了某种目的而停下来，但不表明这种停止是否会继续下去。
trouble 意为“麻烦；打扰；使人烦恼不安”，表示相当严重的困惑或给人带来很大的不便。
　Don't disturb him ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) when he speaks；if his speech is interrupted，you are sure to make trouble and to be punished.
他讲话时别干扰他；如果他的演讲被打断了，你肯定是制造麻烦，而且要受罚的。
完成句子
①她已经打乱了他出国的全部计划。
She all his plans for going abroad.
②反复打断别人(的讲话)是不礼貌的。
It is not polite others again and again.
③我要是说个“不”字，老板准跟我过不去。
If I say no，the boss will for me.
【答案】　①has disturbed　②to interrupt
③make trouble
16．If breathed in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), they can result in illness or even death.(P43)一旦被人体吸入，它们可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
(1)本句中的If breathed in是一个省略句，补充完整为If they are breathed in。
If (water is) heated, water can be changed into vapor.若加热，水可变成水蒸气。
If (it is) possible, please call me at 3∶00 p．m..
可能的话，请下午3点给我打电话。
从属连词if，when，while， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unless，once，even if，even though，though等引导状语从句，从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语含有be动词时，常可将从句的主语和be动词省略，保留分词或形容词。
　 He will come if (he is) asked.如果叫他来，他就来。
Don't come in until (you are) asked to.
不叫你，不要进来。
Even if (I am) in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vited to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.即使邀请我去，我也不想听如此糟糕的报告。
If (it is) necessary, ring me at home.
必要的话给我家里打电话。
单项填空
①The experim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health.
A．being carried out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
【解析】　句意：实验表明如 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )果有规律地进行适量的运动(锻炼)，会增进我们的健康。此处if引导省略句，全句应为：if proper amounts of exercise are carried out regularly。根据省略的原则，把相同的主语和系动词be省去，就只剩下carried out regularly。
【答案】　C
② the po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )em a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.
A．Your having read B．When reading
C．If reading D．When you read
【解析】　此题中，从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，所以不能省略。
【答案】　D
(2)result in(＝lead to)导致
Our efforts resulted in success.
我们的努力带来成功。
result from起因于
result n．结果；效果；后果；成效
as a result (of)(＝due to/because of)
作为(……的)结果；由于
without result毫无结果地
　 These damages resulted from an earthquake.
这些损坏是由地震引起的。
It rained heavily ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).As a result，we had to stay at home./We had to stay at home as a result of the heavy rain.
由于下大雨，我们只好待在家里。
用上面短语的适当形式填空
③It was the seriou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s water pollution that the death of thousands of fishes.
④His difficulty in walking a childhood illness.
⑤ the heavy snow，the highway has been closed up until further notice.
【答案】　 ③resulted in/led to　④results from
⑤As a result of
17．What is certain， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )though，is that “the curse of mummy” remains a riddle to this day.(P43)但是，有一点仍然可以肯定，“木乃伊的诅咒”至今仍然是个谜。
(1)这句话中，What is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )certain为主语从句，that引导表语从句。what, that都可以引导名词性从句，在句中作主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
What parents say and do has a life－long effect on their children.
父母的言行对他们的孩子有终生的影响。
The fact is that no one likes her.
事实上是谁也不喜欢她。
【提示】
what在名词性从句中起双重作用， 既在从句中既起引导作用，又在从句中作成分，而that只起引导作用，不作任何成分。
单项填空
① was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A．It B．This
C．What D．As
【解析】　句意：她告诉我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。本题考查what引导的名词性从句作句子的主语。也就是说句子可以调整为：What was most important to her was her family.注意：命题者故意在句中插入了she told me，这要求考生能快速地识别出来。
【答案】　C
完成句子
②我们不能得到的看来比我们拥有的要更好。
seems better than ．
③她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
why ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) she was ill she had eaten bad meat.
【答案】　②What we can't get；what we have
③The reason；was that
(2)though在本句中用作副词意思是“不过，然而”。常位于句末，有时也可以放在句子中间。
He said he would come；he didn't，though.
他说要来却没有来。(though作副词，置于句末)
There's no excuse，though，for hurting for feelings.
伤到她的感情一事，还是不可原谅。
(though作副词，置于句中)
单项填空
④Playing on a fr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun.Isn't it rather risky， ？
A．though B．also
C．either D．too
【解析】　句意：在结冰的运动场上玩耍听起来很有趣。然而也很危险，是吧？though放句末表“然而”。
【答案】　A
(3)certain adj.确定的，肯定的
I can't say for certain when we'll arrive.
我说不准我们什么时候能到。
I cannot say for certain/sure what happened.
我不能肯定地说发生什么事了。
be certain about/of.../be sure about/of...确信……；对……有把握
be certain/sure to do...务必会做……；一定会做……
be cartain/sure＋that...相信；make certain/sure that...确保/确信(that部分是宾语从句)
It's certain that……是肯定的。for certain/for sure肯定地
certain/sure
certain 可作表语，既可以用人作主语，也可以用物作主语。常用句型：It＋be certain＋that从句。
sure 可作表语，主语一般是人。口语中sure常作副词，用在肯定答语中代替surely，这时相当于of course，certainly。
　He is certain/sure to be here in time.
他肯定会及时到这儿的。
We are certain/sure that he will get over his illness.
我们肯定他会康复的。
I am not certain/sure whether he will come to my birthday party.
我不能确定他是否会来参加我的生日聚会。
It's certain that he will win the election.
他肯定会赢得这次大选。
单项填空
⑤Wait till you are more ．It's better to be sure than sorry.
A．inspired　　　　　　B．satisfied
C．calm D．certain
【解析】　句意为“等到你更加有把 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )握的时候。稳当总比后悔好”。inspired卓越的，激动人心的；satisfied满意的；calm平静的；certain确信的，有把握的。
【答案】　D
18．pay off成功；得到回报；还清；付清
All my years of training as an explorer have finally paid off！(P45)
我多年来作为一个探险者的训练终于得到了回报！
His hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.
他的努力最终使他赢得了金牌。
It is really a risk，but it will pay off in the long run.
这的确是一次冒险，但是从长远来看是有好处的。
Ten years later，they paid off all their debts.
十年后，他们还清了所有债务。
pay for付……的钱
pay back偿付，报答，向……报复
pay out偿还(债务)，支付
pay up付清，还清
　
Mr.Smith dev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oted all his time and money to the research because he believed his hard work would sooner or later.
A．put off B．take off
C．turn off D．pay off
【解析】　put off推迟， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )延期；take off脱下，起飞；turn off关上，关闭；pay off成功，带来好结果，还清(债务)，偿清。句意为“史密斯先生把所有的时间和金钱都花在研究上，因为他相信他的努力工作迟早会有回报”。
【答案】　D
Period ⅢWord power & Grammar and usage
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
2．通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。
3．通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识。
●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
建议教师准备适量的含过去完成时的句子为学生呈现，让学生观察思考过去完成时的适用场合。
●教学流程设计
??让学生就“互动探究”(见学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )案第55页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。??老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。?????老师布置作业。让学生完成课本第49－50页A、B题，预习学案Period Ⅳ(见学案第58页)
1．add...to...把……加入到……
We can add suffixes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to verbs，nouns and adjectives to form nouns.(P46)我们可以在动词、名词和形容词的后面加上后缀，构成名词。
The soup will ta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ste more delicious if you add a little more salt to it.
如果你往汤里再放点盐，尝起来会更可口。
add to增加；增添
add up加起来
add up to总共；总计
　 He added up all his marks in the exam.
他把这次考试中的所有得分加起来。
These flowers and t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rees add to the beauty of the schoolyard.这些花和树给校园增添了美感。
The cost of the party adds up to more than 500 dollars.
晚会的费用超过了500美元。
完成句子
① his name (加到) the list.
②Many new words (增加了) the new edition of the dictionary.
③The snowstorm (增加了) our difficulties.
【答案】　①Add；to　②have been added to
③added to
2．refer to涉及；提及；参考；指的是
Sometimes we u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se a different suffix，usually－ess，when referring to a woman.(P46)
在指女性时，有时我们用不同的后缀，通常以－ess结尾。
This paragraph refers to the events of last year.
这一段说的是去年发生的事。
When I said ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some people are stupid，I wasn't referring to you.我说某些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。
refer to...as...把……当做……
reference n．提及；参考书目；查阅
make (a) reference to谈到，参照
in reference to关于，就……而论
for future reference以供将来参考
　 There is no direct reference to her own childhood in the novel.小说里没有直接提及她的童年。
Winston made no reference to what had happened.
温斯顿没有提及发生的事。
Keep your notes for future reference.
把你的笔记收好以供将来参考。
Don't refer to your father as a millionaire.
不要把你爸爸当做亿万富翁。
It was unwise of him to the unreliable data in his speech.
A．refer to　　　　　　B．add to
C．belong to D．point to
【解析】　句意：他在演讲中提到了不可靠的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )数据，真是不明智啊。refer to提到，谈及，符合句意。add to增加；belong to属于；point to指向。故选A。
【答案】　A
3．In 1932，she becam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic(P49)
在1932年，她成了第一个独自飞越大西洋的女性。
本句中the first和to fly alone across the Atlantic均作定语，修饰woman。
Yang Liwei is China's first astronaut to go into space.
杨利伟是中国第一位进入太空的宇航员。
①当一个名词或代词被序数词修饰时，往往用不定式作后置定语。
②除了序数词之外，形容词最高级或no，all，any等限定词修饰名词时，后面也常接不定式作定语。
　 He was the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作最好的人选。
I have no chance to go sightseeing.
我没有观光游览的机会。
Is there any possib ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ility to go to Hainan for our holiday？我们还有可能去海南度假吗？
单项填空
①—The last one pays the meal.
—Agreed!
A．arrived B．arrives
C．to arrive D．arriving
【解析】　根据句子结构可知，所填答案作定语，one被last修饰，故用不定式作定语。
【答案】　C
翻译句子　
②他总是第一个来，最后一个走。
【答案】　He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
4．signal n．信号 vt.&vt发信号；表明
sent last radio signal(P49)
发出了最后的无线信号
A red lamp is often used as a danger signal.
红灯常被用作危险的信号。
John signaled to her to stop the car.
约翰示意她停车。
a signal of……的信号
signal (for sb.) to do sth.(要某人)做某事的信号
a signal for……的动机/开端
signal to sb.向某人发信号
signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事
　 When she got up from the table，it was obviously the signal for us to leave.
她从桌边站起来，这显然是要我们离开。
His book was a signal for the birth of the movement.
他的书引发了那场运动。
完成句子
①校长示意开始。
The headmaster gave ．
②汤姆示意服务员结账。
Tom for the bill.
③他抬起手臂示意我们停下。
He raised his arm as a signal ．
【答案】　①the signal to start　②signaled to the waiter　③for us to stop
5．a great deal of大量，许多
Its makers sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent a great deal of money building the extraordinary ship.(P50)其建造者花费巨资建造了这艘非比寻常的船。
They have accompl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ished a great deal in the last few years.在过去的几年里，他们完成了相当多的工作。
He is a great deal more experienced in this job than I.
在这份工作上他比我有经验。
My friend sent me many photos taken abroad，which I like a great deal.
我的朋友发给我很多在国外拍的照片，我非常喜欢。
【提示】
a great deal of 修饰不可数名词
a great deal(名词短语)“大量，许多”作主语，宾语
a great deal(副词短语)“大量地，非常多地”修饰动词或比较级
【教师备课资源】　
表示“许多，大量的”短语归纳
＋复数名词
＋不可数名词
＋可数名词或不可数名词
　
完成句子
①地震灾区需要大量的食品。
needed in the earthquake－stricken areas.
②这些饭菜很可口，汤姆吃了很多。
The food was delicious，so Tom ．
③她今天好多了！
She is today!
【答案】　①A great deal of food is　②ate a great deal　③a great deal better
6．warning n．警告；提醒
The captain，wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o had received warnings about icebergs all day，had dismissed the warnings as they arrived.(P50)船长全天都收到冰山警告，但却对到来的警告不予考虑。
There is a health warning on every pack of cigarettes.
在每一个香烟盒上都有健康忠告。
warn v．警告；提醒；告诫
warn sb.(not) to do sth.
提醒/告诫某人(不要)做某事
warn sb.(that)告诫某人……
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
warn sb.against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事
　 The police warned us not to go out at night.
警察告诫我们夜间不要出门。
He warned me against going outside alone at night.
他提醒我晚上不要单独出去。
They warned him of the danger.
他们警告他有危险。
The weather station warned that a storm was coming.
气象台说将有暴风雨来临。
完成句子
①His heart attack i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s actually a (警报)to him not to work so hard.
②The radio (警告)that the weather will suddenly become extremely cold.
③She warned me (不要熬夜)late.
【答案】　①warning　②warns　③not to stay up/against staying up
7．Once the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aper makers had showed people how to make paper，it came into widespread use all over the world.(P51)一旦造纸商向人们说明怎样造纸，世界各地都会广泛运用这种方法。
句中once为连词，表示“一旦”，引导时间状语从句。
Once you have made a plan，you must stick to it.
一旦制定出计划，你就必须坚持。
Once you get into a ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d habit，you'll find it hard to get out of it.一旦染上坏习惯，想改掉就难了。
they d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.
A．As B．While
C．Until D．Once
【解析】　考查状语从句。句意：一旦学生们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )决定了要上哪所大学，他们就应该研究申请此大学的程序。as当……时，由于；while当……时，尽管；until直到；once一旦。根据句意选择D项。
【答案】　D
　
观察下列句子，体会句中过去完成时的适用场合。
1．By the 1920s，h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
2．I had only been here for ten minutes when you came in.
3．She told me that she had not met him before.
4．We had hope ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to finish our task ahead of time，but finally we fell behind.
5．That was the third time that Liu Xiang had been the champion.
6．It was the most important tomb that had ever been found．
7．We met yesterday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and had a dinner together.It was at least 30 years since we had parted．
8．They had hardly gone out of the house when it fell down.
[自我总结]　过去完成时的构 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成形式是 ，其被动式是 ，它表示在 某一时间或动作之前就已发生或 的动作。
【答案】　had＋动词的过分词的形式；had been＋过去分词形式；过去；存在
一、过去完成时的基本用法
与by，before，when等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。 By six o'clock they had worked for eight hours.到六点钟为止他们已经工作八小时了。
Before they arrived here the film had already started.在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。
与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示从过去的某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。 I had been at the bus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
在told，said，knew ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ，heard，thought等作主句动词的句子中，当主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。 He told me that his team had already won.他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。
She said that she hadn't gone to the Great Wall yet.她说她没去过长城。
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。 When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.
我醒来时雨已停了。
She didn't go to bed until she had finished her work.
她直到把工作做完才睡觉。
动词 think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 I had intended to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )meet you at the airport，but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
我本来要去机场接你的，可正好在我出门时有人来看我。
过去完成时还可用
在hardly...when... ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，no sooner...than...，It was the first (second，etc.)time (that)等固定句型中。 No sooner had they le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ft the building than a bomb exploded.他们刚刚离开那栋建筑，一颗炸弹就爆炸了。
Hardly had I left home when it rained.我刚一离开家就下起了雨。
It was the first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time that he had seen his grandparents in the countryside.这是他第一次见到住在乡下的祖父母。
二、现在完成时与过去完成时的区别
　现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在的时间为基点，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”。
I have learned 1，000 English words so far.
到目前为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
I had learned 1，000 English words till then.
到那时为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
—I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
——对不起，让你久等了。
—Oh，not at all.I have been here only a few minutes.
——没什么，我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
Period ⅣTask & Project
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
1．掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
2．理解课文。
3．听懂课文中所给出的听力材料并根据材料得出结论。
4．能够根据课文中所提出的问题，询问别人的观点并发表自己的观点。
5．掌握传记的写法。
●教学地位
本课时的内容是通过对两篇文章的学习使学生了解如何进行采访并学写传记。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
建议从检查上节课作业导入新课。
●教学流程设计
???????????老师布置作业：让学生课下做“单元归纳提升”部分(见学案第66页)和练习写一篇新闻报道。
Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P58课文，判断正误
1．Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to walk in space.(　　)
2．As a young boy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，Yang Liwei had a dream to learn how to fly，and in the end he lived his dream.(　　)
3．Yang Liwei took ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all kinds of tests and got the best scores on all the tests.(　　)
【答案】　1.F　2.T　3.F
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P58课文，选取最佳答案
1．In Septembe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r 2003，how many people were picked for the Chinese space adventure besides Yang Liwei
A．3.　　　B．2.　　　C．14.
2．Which of the following is the RIGHT order
a．He became a pilot.
b．He was chosen as a member of Project 921.
c．He joined the army.
d．He was picked for the Chinese space adventure.
A．a－c－d－b
B．b－a－c－d
C．c－a－b－d
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text
A．Yang Liwei got the best scores on every single test.
B．Yang Liwei spent 21 hours and 23 minutes on the space journey.
C．Yang Liwei had been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trained for five years before he was picked for the Chinese space adventure.
【答案】　1.B　2.C　3.A
1．requirement n．要求；必需品(常用复数形式)
Requirements for speaker.(P53)
对演讲者的要求。
The new computer sy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stem will meet all our requirements.新计算机系统将满足我们的全部要求。
Our immediate requirement is extra staff.
我们急需增加工作人员。
meet/satisfy/fulfil therequirements符合/满足必备的条件
require vt.要求，需要
require sth.需要……
require sb to do sth.要求某人做某事
sth require doing/to be done某事/物需要被做
require that sb.(should)do sth.要求(某人)做某事
　 This suggestion will require careful thought.
这个建议需要好好思考。
The conductor require ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s all the passengers to show their tickets.售票员要求所有乘客出示他们的票。
Your bike requires repairing (＝to be repaired)．
你的自行车需要修了。
The teacher requires t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat we (should) read English every morning.老师要求我们每天早晨读英语。
①The situation requires that we try our best to study hard.
A．need　　B．would　　C．could　　D．should
【解析】　考查虚拟语气。require后接宾语从句时从句使用should＋动词原形。
【答案】　D
②(2013·长沙高一检测)Her b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike needed . She required that the work in ten minutes.
A．repaired；would be finished
B．to be repaired；was finished
C．repairing；be finished
D．repaired；be finished
【解析】　第一空考查ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed doing(＝need to be done)的用法。第二空考查require接宾语从句，从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语用(should)＋动词原形，此处是被动语态。
【答案】　C
2．inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞
Do you want to insp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ire students with your experiences？(P53)你想用你的经历来激励学生吗？
Our head teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er often inspires us to be well－equipped with modern knowledge.
我们的班主任常常激励我们用现代化知识武装自己。
I hope this success will inspire you to greater efforts.
希望这次成功能激励你更加努力。
①inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事
inspire sb.with sth./inspire sth.in sb.
用……激励或鼓励某人
②inspired adj.富有灵感的
③inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
④inspiration n．灵感
　 The father inspired his son with confidence.
那位父亲激发了儿子的信心。
I haven't st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arted writing the article yet－I'm still waiting for inspiration.
我还没有开始写那篇文章——我还在等待灵感。
完成句子
①His encouraging remarks (激起了我的信心)．
②His speech ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was (如此鼓舞人心) that his students (因受到激励而比以前更加努力)．
③His best music (灵感来自对他母亲的怀念)．
【答案】　①inspired confide ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce in me　②so inspiring；were inspired to work harder than ever before　③was inspired by the memory of his mother
3．rather than 而不是；与其……倒不如
Many people offer t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heir references upon request，rather than listing them in their CVs.(P54)
许多人在被要求时才提供他们的推荐信，而不是列在简历中。
,
\x(other than除了……,or r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ather更确切地说,would rather 宁可；宁愿,\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(would rather do sth.than do sth.,would do sth.rather than do sth.,prefer to do sth.rather than do sth))宁愿……,而不愿……))
Ｋ　 I'd prefer to go on vacation in August rather than in July.我宁愿在八月份也不愿在七月份去度假。
The old man w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould rather walk than go by bus to the town.那位老人宁愿步行也不愿坐公共汽车去镇上。
【提示】
would rather后接宾语从句时，谓语用虚拟语气。表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语用一般过去时，表示一个过去的愿望，谓语用过去完成时。
than ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )get money in such a dishonest way，he would beg in the streets.
A．Other　　　　　　B．Rather
C．More D．/
【解析】　would...rather th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an...意为“宁愿……也不……”。句意为“他宁愿在街上乞讨，也不愿用这么不诚实的方式赚钱”，故选B。
【答案】　B
4．companion n．伴侣；陪伴；朋友
Dian was an outgoing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and kind person，and able to gain valuable data about their lives by becoming a companion to them.(P57)
黛安是个友好善良的人。通过成为他们的伙伴来获得关于他们生活的有用信息。
A dog is a faithful companion.
狗是忠实的伙伴。
This book is a companion to the author's first work.
这本书是该作者第一作品的姊妹篇。
①company n．公司；陪伴；作伴
in company with...与……在一起
②accompany vt.陪伴；陪同
accompany sb.to sp.陪某人去某地
陪伴某人
　 I'll have a drink myself，just to keep you company.
我也喝一杯，只是为了陪你。
I，in company with man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y others，feel this decision wrong.我，还有许多人，都觉得这个决定是错误的。
完成句子
①我昨天和我的同伴赛跑了。
Yesterday，I raced with my ．
②我必须请你陪我去警察局。
I must ask you me to the police station.
③我会留下来陪你。
I'll stay here and ．
④我们公司重视团队合作。
We stress teamwork in our ．
⑤他和简一起演奏。
He's performing Jane.
【答案】　①companion　②to a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ccompany　③keep you company/accompany you　④company　⑤in company with
5．discourage v．阻止；制止；使泄气；使灰心，打消……的念头
Even though some o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the gorillas were quite dangerous，this did not discourage Dian.(P57)
尽管有些大猩猩相当危险，但也没有阻止黛安。
The bad weather discouraged people from attending the parade.
恶劣的天气阻止了人们去参加游行。
The government wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l take measures to discourage the use of cars in cities.
政府将采取限制在城市使用汽车的措施。
①discourage sb.from doing sth.
劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
②discouraged adj.沮丧的；灰心丧气的
③discouraging adj.令人泄气的；令人沮丧的
④discouragement沮丧；气馁；使人泄气的事物；劝阻
　 His parents discouraged him from joining the army.
他父母阻止他参军。
Students soon get discouraged if you criticize them too often.
如果你批评学生次数太多，他们很快就会泄气的。
The discouragement made people upset.
这个障碍令人沮丧。
完成句子
①Don't let (一次失败使你气馁)．
②We tried to (阻止他没有向导陪同就去爬山)．
③ (这是令人沮丧的) so many students have failed.
【答案】　①one fai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lure discourage you　②discourage him from climbing the mountain without a guide
③It's discouraging that
6．devotion n．奉献；忠诚；专心
She showed great de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )votion to her work and loved to tell people about gorillas.(P57)
她非常热爱她的工作并且喜欢给人们讲大猩猩的故事。
He has always shown great devotion to his children.
他一直非常钟爱他的孩子们。
①devote vt.把……专注于；把……奉献给
devote oneself/one's life/time/energy to sth./doing sth.
把全身心/生命/时间/精力投入到……；专心致力于……
②devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的
be devoted to献身于；专心致志于(to是介词)
　 After he has retired，he'll devote himself to gardening.
退休后他将把精力放在园艺上。
He is very devoted to his wife.
他对他妻子非常忠诚。
Mary has a devoted father.
玛丽有一位慈爱的父亲。
完成句子
①网上聊天或许很有趣，但你不应该把所有的时间都用在这上面。
Net chat may be inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esting，but you should not it.
②这位忠实的士兵把生命献给了他的祖国。
The soldier his motherland.
【答案】　①devote all your time to　②devoted；devoted his life to
7．various adj.不同的，各种的，很多的
They are also protect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed by governments and various organizations.(P57)
它们也得到了政府和各种组织的保护。
The city is famous for its various bridges.
这个城市因它各种各样的桥而出名。
For various reasons，I'd prefer not to meet him.
由于各种原因，我不想见他。
variety n．种类，多样性
a variety of＝all kinds of＝various各种各样的
vary vi变化；呈现不同
vary with随着……而变化
vary from不同于……
vary from...to...由……到……不等
　 We all need variety in our diet.
我们都需要饮食多样化。
He left for a variety of reasons.
他由于种种原因而离开了。
完成句子
①The author gave (各种原因) for having written the book.
② (各种各样我们没有想到的人) turned up at the meeting
③ (有各种各样的植物) in the garden.
【答案】　①various reaso ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns　②Various people whom we weren't expecting　③There are different varieties of/various plants
8．Without her wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k，there would be very few mountain gorillas left today.如果没有她的工作，今天山区大猩猩的数量将会相当稀少。(P57)
这是一种隐性的虚拟语气。有时假设的情况并 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不用条件从句表示出来，而是用with，without，but for(要不是/要是没有)等介词短语或分词短语或者独立主格结构来代替条件从句，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。
We might have died without your help.
＝We might have died if you hadn't helped us.
如果没有你的帮助，我们或许已经死了。
But for your help，I couldn't have done it.
＝If it hadn't been for your help I couldn't have done it.
要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。
But for the h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elp of my English teacher，I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A．would not win　　　　　　B．would not have won
C．would win D．would have won
【解析】　But for th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e help of my English teacher，...要是没有英语老师的帮助，……是隐性虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反，句子的谓语用would/should/could/might＋have done结构，故选B。
【答案】　B
9．desire n．愿望，欲望，渴望；vt.渴望，期望
He always had a strong desire to learn how to fly.(P58)
他强烈渴望学习如何飞行。
I have no desire to talk about this.
我不想再谈论此事。
We'll all desire health and happiness.
我们都渴望健康与幸福。
desire to do sth.渴望做某事
desire sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事
desire for sth.对某事物的欲望
a desire for knowledge求知欲
desire that...渴望……
　 He has a strong desire for success/to succeed.
他强烈渴望成功。
We always desire to live in peace with our neighbors.
我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。
He desired that you (should) see him at once.
＝He desired you to see him at once.
他要求你立刻见他。
【提示】
当desire后接同位语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句，表语从句或宾语从句时，that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，且should可以省略。
完成句子
①She (有强烈的愿望) to go back to her home country before she died.
②He (渴望参军)and devote himself to the country.
③James (期望警方调查一下可能性) that Ann was not involved in the accident.
【答案】　①had a strong ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )desire　②desires to join the army　③desired the police to look into the possibility
10．apply vi.申请书 vt.使用，应用
In 1998，he appli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to be a member of Project 921，which is now called Shenzhou.(P58)
1998年，他申请加入921工程，也就是今天所说的神舟航天工程。
Tom applied to the company for a position.
汤姆已向那家公司申请职位了。
He has applied to join the army.
他已报名参军。
The new technology was applied to farming.
这项新技术已应用于农业。
apply...to...把……应用于……；把……涂到
apply (to sb.) for sth.向(某人)申请某物
apply for申请；请求；应聘
apply oneself to...致力于；专心于……
applican n．申请人
application n．申请；申请书；适用
　 He applied himself to learning English.
他专心学习英语。
Apply the suntan cream to exposed areas every three hours.
每三个小时把防晒霜涂在暴露出来的部位。
完成句子
①We should not on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly know the theory but also learn (怎样把理论应用于实践)．
②If you want to (申请工作) at the office where I work，I'll put in a good word for you.
③You will pass your exams if you really (真正专心致志)．
【答案】　①how to apply ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it to practice　②apply for a job　③apply yourself to your work
11．not only...but (also)．..不但……而且……
They not noly s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudied all the subjects required to be an astronaut，but also learnt survival skills and all about how spaceships and rockets are built.(P58)
他们不仅学习宇航员必须学习的各种功课，还学习野外生存技巧，以及制造宇宙飞船和火箭的原理。
The area was n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot only hit by an unexpected heavy rain，but some bridges were also washed away.
这个地区不仅遭遇了一场未曾料到的大雨，而且一些桥也被冲走了。
①not only...but (also ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))．..用于连接两个并列的结构，这个结构连接并列的主语的时候，谓语动词的数应与but (also)后面的主语一致。
②not only...but (also ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))．..连接的并列句，当not only置于句首时，要用部分倒装，but (also)后的部分不用倒装。即：Not only＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他成分，but also＋正常语序。
　 Not only did the teachers take part in the English evening party，but they also sang at the party.
老师们不但参加了英语聚会，而且还在聚会中唱了歌。
Not only you but als ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o I am to take part in the sports meeting.不仅你要参加运动会，我也得参加。
①Not only his sisters but also David the film.
A．thinks highly of B．think highly of
C．thinks high of D．think high of
【解析】　句中的谓语要与靠近谓语的主语David保持一致，用单数；think highly of“高度评价”，为固定短语。
【答案】　A
②The computer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was used in teaching.As a result，not only ，but students became more interested in the lessons.
A．saved was teachers' energy
B．was teachers' energy saved
C．teachers' energy was saved
D．was saved teachers' energy
【解析】　考查倒装句。not only位于句首时，其所在的分句要部分倒装。故选B。
【答案】　B
12．Although ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Yang did not get the best scores on every single test，it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.(P58)
虽然杨利伟并非每项测试都得了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。
本句使用了强调句型，其结构为：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。
It was that kind of faith that drove Tim on in his life.
正是那样的信念激励了蒂姆一生。
It was in this town that he was brought up.
他是在这个小镇被养大的。
①强调句的基本结构：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。
Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分？
特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分？
②强调“not...un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )til”结构中由until引导的短语或从句时，结构为：It is/was not until...that＋其余部分。
　 【提示】
如果被强调部分为人，that可换成who。
How was it that he finished the work so soon
他是如何这么快就完成工作的？
It was not until his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )father returned from the work that the boy began to do his homework.
直到爸爸下班回家，这个孩子才开始做作业。
【对接高考】
(2012·湖南高考)It was not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A．who B．that
C．where D．before
【解析】　句意：直到我来到这里我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )才意识到这个地方不仅因为它的美丽而闻名，还因它的天气而闻名。句中出现not until结构，且not与until放在一起使用。能够出现这种情况的句型有两种：①It is/was not until...that...强调句型；②Not until...部分倒装句。根据句子结构可确定答案。此外，我们也可以将It is/was与空格去掉来验证此句是否是一个强调句。
【答案】　B
单项填空
①John's success has n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )othing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.
A．why　　　　　　B．when
C．which D．that
【解析】　本题考查强调句。被强调的部分为years of hard work，故选D。
【答案】　D
翻译句子
②直到第二天我才得知真相。
【答案】　②It was not until the next day that I learned the truth.
13．Yang was describ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed by his superiors as hard－working and always in control of himself.(P58)
杨利伟的领导将他描述为一个勤奋刻苦，总是能够自控的人。
(1)superior n．上级，上司 adj.更好的，更高的
I'll report you to your superior officer.
我要把你的情况向你的上司报告。
be superior to 比……更好/高
be superior in 在……方面更好/高
　 The government troops were superior in numbers.
政府军在数量上占优。
Fresh coffee is superior to instant coffee.
新鲜咖啡比速溶咖啡好。
完成句子
①我会把你的话传给我的上级。
I'll pass your words on to 。
②毫无疑问新方法在很多方面比旧方法好。
There's no doubt that the new method is in many aspects.
③比赛接近结束时林的出众的力量开始显露出来。
Towards the end of the game Lin's began to show.
【答案】　①my superior　②superior to the old one　③superior strength
(2)be in control (of something )掌管，控制(某物)
Take