中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023中考英语考前最后读记练09动词时态
考前技巧+考前预测
一、时态的分类和构成
现在时 一般现在时 do/ does 现在完成时have/has done 现在进行时 am/ is/ are doing 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing
过去时 一般过去时 did 过去完成时 had done 过去进行时 was/were doing 过去完成进行时 had been doing
将来时 一般将来时 will/ shall do 将来完成时will/shall have done 将来进行时shall/ will be doing 将来完成进行时shall/ will have been doing
过去将来 一般过去将来时 should/ would do
二、时态的基本用法
（一）一般体：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时
1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词（短语）always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等连用。
1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
We have three meals a day.
2）表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。
Knowledge is power.
3）表示现在的情况或状态。
I live in Beijing.
4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出发，到达”等含义的词，
如，arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay等。
The train arrives at 10:30. There's plenty of time. 。
2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示过去具体时间的时间状语。
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。此时与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in1998等。
Where did you go yesterday ？
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。
If he were here now, we could turn to him for help.
4）句中有延续性时间状语，但表示与现在没有关联的过去某段时间做了某事，此时用一般过去时。
This is the primary school where our manager Mr. Smith studied for six years.
3. 一般将来时：一般将来时用来表示将要发生的事。
1）shall用于第一人称，常被will代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 will (shall) + 动词原形
There is still much to discuss. We shall return to this item at our next meeting.
2）be going to + 动词原形，表示将来。
（1）主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。
What are you going to do this Sunday morning
（2）计划、安排要发生的事。
I'm going to the airport to pick up my aunt from America this afternoon.
（3）有迹象要发生的事。
Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.
注意：be going to与will的区别
be going to既可指主观打算做某事，也可指客观迹象表明将要发生某事；
will往往指没有经过计划而临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意识或表示将来必然发生的事。
I'm going to quit my present job. （现在的打算，事先经过思考，指向将来）
I'll answer the door. （未经事先考虑的意图）
The little boy is going to fall over. （根据客观迹象判断）
I hope it will be fine tomorrow. （主观意愿）
3）“be + 不定式”表将来，表示按计划安排的事或按职责、义务或要求必须去做的事等。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
The meeting is to take place at 8:00 tomorrow morning.
注意：be to 和be going to的用法比较
be to表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. （客观安排）
be going to则表示主观的打算或计划。
I am going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排）
4）“be about to do”意为“马上做某事”，表示即将发生某事，该事将发生在很近的将来，不能与tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）
考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
Use your head and you will find a way.
4. 过去将来时：过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
注意：这种时态常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中，表示从句的动作发生在主句之后。过去将来时同一般将来时类似，除了用would do 表示外，也可以用be going to do, be to do, be about to do及过去进行时等方式表示。
He was sixty-eight and in two years, he would be seventy.
You were going to give me your address but you didn't.
I was about to turn on the power of the computer when the electricity was cut off.
（二）完成体：现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时和过去将来完成时
1. 现在完成时：常用的时间状语有：so far, recently, lately, before, ever, by now, in the
last/ past few years, over a long time, up to now,yet, already, just, since, for+ 一段时间等。
1）表示说话之前已经完成的动作，常与already, yet, just, by this time,so far, by now等时间状语连用。此时句子中的谓语动词一般为非延续性动词且句子一般不与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用。
Have you finished your task yet
注意：have gone to与have been to的区别
have gone to 表示“到某地去了”，人可能还在路上，也可能已经到达，但一定不在说话者这里。
have been to 表示“去过某地”，是回来之后再谈论去过某地的情况。
2）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
He has lost his wallet and can't find it.
3）表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
They have been good friends since they met at a meeting.
4）表示动作反复发生，句中常用once/ twice/ three... times 等。
You needn't describe her. I have met her many times.
5）在时间或条件状语从句中表示在将来某个时间之前要完成某个动作。
Don't get off until the bus has stopped.
注意：常用现在完成时的句型有：
1）It is/has been + 一段时间 + since 从句；
2）This/ That/ It is the first/ second... Time + that从句（从句用现在完成时）；
3）It/ This is the best/ worst/ most interesting + 名词 + that从句（从句用现在完成时）
关于现在完成时的时间状语问题:
A.现在完成时的句子里，不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语，
比较： We have bought a new typewriter .
We bought a new typewriter yesterday.
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子，但是可以用before来表示"以前"的意义。
C.非延续性动词用于现在完成时态的时候，通常不与表示时间段的时间状语连用,在这种情况下，应该用"It has been … since…"的句式来表达。
如： He has been in the army for three years.
= He has been a soldier for three years.
= It's three years since he joined the army. √
He has joined the army for three years. ×
.D非延续性动词的否定式可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，
表示这种动作的否定状态的延续。
I haven't heard from you for a month.
2. 过去完成时：由“had + 过去分词”构成，表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。在使用过去完成时时，一定要有过去的时间或动作作为参照。
By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
3. 将来完成时：主要用于表示在将来某一时间点上会完成的动作，并对将来
某一时间产生影响。常与将来时间状语连用。
We shall have fulfilled the work by the end of next week.
考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.
（三）进行体：现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时和过去将来进行时
1. 现在进行时
1）表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。这种用法往往表示发生在过去，说话时没完成，仍在继续进行的动作或存在的状态。常与now, right now, at this moment, atpresent等时间状语连用。
What are they quarreling about
2）表示现阶段某动作正在进行，但说话时未必正在进行。
I'm teaching part-time in a middle school.
3）表示马上就要发生。
非延续性动词用于进行时态，往往表示“马上就，即将，逐渐
地，反复地”等意思，这类动词主要有come, go, leave, start,
begin, stop, arrive, return等。
Are you staying here for a long time （即将）
Someone is knocking at the door. （反复地）
4）表示某种感彩或对某一心理的生动描述。
现在进行时与always, constantly, continually, forever (for ever),
usually等副词连用时，往往表示生气、不满、同情、赞美、好
奇等情感或对某一心理的生动描述。
The children are constantly disturbing us. （讨厌、不满）
注意：下列动词一般不能用于进行时态。
1）表示心理活动的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有love, like, hate, know, understand,realize, remember, believe, want, hope, wish, need,agree等。
She understands you better now.
2）表示属性或拥有的动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有have（有），own, possess, belong to,have on, consist of 等。
This dictionary belongs to Peter.
3）表示感官的连系动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有seen, appear, look, sound, taste等。feel用于进行时态表示一时的感觉。
The music sounds beautiful.
I'm not feeling well today.
4）表示行为结果的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有accept, admit, receive, allow,decide, promise等。
I accept your advice.
2. 过去进行时
1）表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that
moment, at that time, at the time, this time yesterday等。没有时间状语时，需要根据上下文的语境体会。
I was writing a letter when you phoned.
2）表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，常表示“渐渐”“快要”“越来越”“马上”。
常见的此列动词有come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive,get, become, turn等非持续性动词，偶尔有些持续性动词如do, stay, take等也常表示过去“将要”。
We were running out of the gas.
She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.
3）表示特定的情感。
与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可与always,forever, constantly等时间状语连用，表示厌烦、惊讶、褒扬等特殊情感。
She was always ringing me up when I was in London. （表示厌烦）
3.将来进行时
指从现在算起的将来某时间点正在进行的动作或将要进行的动作。常与表示将来时间的短语this time ，tomorrow, at 10 o'clock next Monday等连用。
This time tomorrow we'll be flying to Pairs..
【考前预测】动词时态
1．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）The little boy won’t go to sleep unless his mom _________ him a story.
A．tells B．told C．is telling D．will tell
2．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years.
A．writes B．wrote
C．has written D．is writing
3．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—You look tired!
—My husband _______ football matches all night. That was too noisy!
A．watches B．has watched C．was watching D．will watch
4．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A．am washing B．have washed C．was washing D．washed
5．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）WangYaping, the female（女性的）Chinese space walker, ________ her first space walk in November, 2021.
A．has begun B．begins C．began
6．（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Nanjing Road is very crowded these days.
—The workers ________ it. It is said that it ________ soon.
A．repair；finishes B．have repaired；will finish C．are repairing；will be finished
7．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）—I ________ in London for many years.
—You have never regretted moving back to China, have you
A．lived B．was living C．have lived
8．（2022·广西·中考真题）I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I’ll stay at home.
A．will rain; rains B．will rain; will rain C．rains; will rain D．rains; rains
9．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）— Is your father at home, Jill
— No. He ________ his car outside.
A．was washing B．will wash C．is washing
10．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）— The song Together for a Shared Future is very popular now.
— That’s for sure! Both the young and the old ________ it.
A．likes B．like C．liked
11．（2022·广西贵港·中考真题）—There ________ a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.
—Great! We can’t wait!
A．is B．was C．will be D．will have
12．（2022·北京·中考真题）The workers _________ the community center now.
A．cleaned B．were cleaning C．will clean D．are cleaning
13．（2022·北京·中考真题）Jim _________ a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned
14．（2022·北京·中考真题）Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you _________ some day.
A．will succeed B．succeed C．succeeded D．have succeeded
15．（2022·北京·中考真题）I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A．think B．will think C．was thinking D．am thinking
16．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A．has he left B．was he leaving C．did he leave D．will he leave
17．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Christine ________ the family’s Sunday lunch since she was 12 years old.
A．cooks B．cooked C．will cook D．has cooked
18．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mike, why are you standing outdoors
—I ______ my keys. I have to wait here until my mother comes back.
A．have lost B．will lose C．had lost D．lose
19．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Would you like to see the movie Changjin Lake this evening
—Oh, it’s a good movie. But I _________ it already.
A．saw B．have seen C．see D．will see
20．（2022·河北·中考真题）Sorry, I ________ a mistake. Let me correct it.
A．will make B．am making C．was making D．have made
21．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—You look pretty busy. What’s up
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A．prepare B．have prepared C．are preparing D．were preparing
22．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Holly prefers playing the piano to ________ the violin. Listen! She ________ the piano in her room.
A．play; is playing B．playing; plays C．playing; is playing
23．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）COVID-19(新冠肺炎) ________ the world, and many people’s life changes a lot.
A．influenced B．is influencing C．is influenced D．was influenced
24．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—I don’t know when Susan ________.
—Don’t worry. When she ________, I will tell you.
A．comes; will come B．will come; comes C．come; comes
25．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）—Why is Kate absent from class
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A．was attending B．attended C．is attending D．attends
26．（2022·吉林·中考真题）—Helen, why didn’t you come to the party yesterday
—Oh, I ________ for the speech competition.
A．prepares B．prepared C．will prepare
27．（2022·广西·中考真题）— What were you doing when I called you last night
— I ________ football with my father.
A．play B．was playing C．will play
28．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）—Mike is from America but speaks perfect Chinese.
—So he does. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ college.
A．is attending B．has attended C．attended
29．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）The public places, such as restaurants and cinemas, ________ since COVID-19 swept the city again last month.
A．have been closed B．have closed C．closed
30．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）While Sally ________ the housework, her mother came back from work.
A．are doing B．was doing C．did
31．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）—Where’s Mr. Yang
—He ________ Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He ________ there three times because he enjoys the local scenery.
A．has gone to; has been B．has gone to; has gone to
C．has been to; has gone D．has been to; has been to
32．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Your son’s dream will come true as long as ______.
—I hope so.
A．he will study hard B．she will study hard
C．he studies hard D．she studies hard
33．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Using public chopsticks ______ necessary when eating with others.
—That’s right.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
34．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）So far, red tourism (旅游业) ________ quickly and it’s becoming more and more popular.
A．developed B．will develop C．has developed
35．（2022·海南·中考真题）We ________ each other since we met in the last summer camp.
A．won’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see
36．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）The chief engineer announced that they ________ a space lab on the space station around the end of 2022.
A．have built B．had built C．will build D．would build
37．（2022·福建·中考真题）Since 2021, our school ________ all kinds of after-school services for students.
A．provides B．is providing C．has provided
38．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Hello! May I speak to Kate
—Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-pong outside.
A．is playing B．plays C．played D．will play
39．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Your watch is really old.
—Yes, I ________ it since I was six.
A．have B．will have C．have had D．am having
40．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A．misses B．missed C．was missing D．has missed
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2023中考英语考前最后读记练09动词时态
考前技巧+考前预测
一、时态的分类和构成
现在时 一般现在时 do/ does 现在完成时have/has done 现在进行时 am/ is/ are doing 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing
过去时 一般过去时 did 过去完成时 had done 过去进行时 was/were doing 过去完成进行时 had been doing
将来时 一般将来时 will/ shall do 将来完成时will/shall have done 将来进行时shall/ will be doing 将来完成进行时shall/ will have been doing
过去将来 一般过去将来时 should/ would do
二、时态的基本用法
（一）一般体：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时
1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词（短语）always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等连用。
1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
We have three meals a day.
2）表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。
Knowledge is power.
3）表示现在的情况或状态。
I live in Beijing.
4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出发，到达”等含义的词，
如，arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay等。
The train arrives at 10:30. There's plenty of time. 。
2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示过去具体时间的时间状语。
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。此时与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in1998等。
Where did you go yesterday ？
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。
If he were here now, we could turn to him for help.
4）句中有延续性时间状语，但表示与现在没有关联的过去某段时间做了某事，此时用一般过去时。
This is the primary school where our manager Mr. Smith studied for six years.
3. 一般将来时：一般将来时用来表示将要发生的事。
1）shall用于第一人称，常被will代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 will (shall) + 动词原形
There is still much to discuss. We shall return to this item at our next meeting.
2）be going to + 动词原形，表示将来。
（1）主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。
What are you going to do this Sunday morning
（2）计划、安排要发生的事。
I'm going to the airport to pick up my aunt from America this afternoon.
（3）有迹象要发生的事。
Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.
注意：be going to与will的区别
be going to既可指主观打算做某事，也可指客观迹象表明将要发生某事；
will往往指没有经过计划而临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意识或表示将来必然发生的事。
I'm going to quit my present job. （现在的打算，事先经过思考，指向将来）
I'll answer the door. （未经事先考虑的意图）
The little boy is going to fall over. （根据客观迹象判断）
I hope it will be fine tomorrow. （主观意愿）
3）“be + 不定式”表将来，表示按计划安排的事或按职责、义务或要求必须去做的事等。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
The meeting is to take place at 8:00 tomorrow morning.
注意：be to 和be going to的用法比较
be to表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. （客观安排）
be going to则表示主观的打算或计划。
I am going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排）
4）“be about to do”意为“马上做某事”，表示即将发生某事，该事将发生在很近的将来，不能与tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）
考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
Use your head and you will find a way.
4. 过去将来时：过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
注意：这种时态常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中，表示从句的动作发生在主句之后。过去将来时同一般将来时类似，除了用would do 表示外，也可以用be going to do, be to do, be about to do及过去进行时等方式表示。
He was sixty-eight and in two years, he would be seventy.
You were going to give me your address but you didn't.
I was about to turn on the power of the computer when the electricity was cut off.
（二）完成体：现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时和过去将来完成时
1. 现在完成时：常用的时间状语有：so far, recently, lately, before, ever, by now, in the
last/ past few years, over a long time, up to now,yet, already, just, since, for+ 一段时间等。
1）表示说话之前已经完成的动作，常与already, yet, just, by this time,so far, by now等时间状语连用。此时句子中的谓语动词一般为非延续性动词且句子一般不与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用。
Have you finished your task yet
注意：have gone to与have been to的区别
have gone to 表示“到某地去了”，人可能还在路上，也可能已经到达，但一定不在说话者这里。
have been to 表示“去过某地”，是回来之后再谈论去过某地的情况。
2）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
He has lost his wallet and can't find it.
3）表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
They have been good friends since they met at a meeting.
4）表示动作反复发生，句中常用once/ twice/ three... times 等。
You needn't describe her. I have met her many times.
5）在时间或条件状语从句中表示在将来某个时间之前要完成某个动作。
Don't get off until the bus has stopped.
注意：常用现在完成时的句型有：
1）It is/has been + 一段时间 + since 从句；
2）This/ That/ It is the first/ second... Time + that从句（从句用现在完成时）；
3）It/ This is the best/ worst/ most interesting + 名词 + that从句（从句用现在完成时）
关于现在完成时的时间状语问题:
A.现在完成时的句子里，不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语，
比较： We have bought a new typewriter .
We bought a new typewriter yesterday.
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子，但是可以用before来表示"以前"的意义。
C.非延续性动词用于现在完成时态的时候，通常不与表示时间段的时间状语连用,在这种情况下，应该用"It has been … since…"的句式来表达。
如： He has been in the army for three years.
= He has been a soldier for three years.
= It's three years since he joined the army. √
He has joined the army for three years. ×
.D非延续性动词的否定式可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，
表示这种动作的否定状态的延续。
I haven't heard from you for a month.
2. 过去完成时：由“had + 过去分词”构成，表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。在使用过去完成时时，一定要有过去的时间或动作作为参照。
By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
3. 将来完成时：主要用于表示在将来某一时间点上会完成的动作，并对将来
某一时间产生影响。常与将来时间状语连用。
We shall have fulfilled the work by the end of next week.
考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.
（三）进行体：现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时和过去将来进行时
1. 现在进行时
1）表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。这种用法往往表示发生在过去，说话时没完成，仍在继续进行的动作或存在的状态。常与now, right now, at this moment, atpresent等时间状语连用。
What are they quarreling about
2）表示现阶段某动作正在进行，但说话时未必正在进行。
I'm teaching part-time in a middle school.
3）表示马上就要发生。
非延续性动词用于进行时态，往往表示“马上就，即将，逐渐
地，反复地”等意思，这类动词主要有come, go, leave, start,
begin, stop, arrive, return等。
Are you staying here for a long time （即将）
Someone is knocking at the door. （反复地）
4）表示某种感彩或对某一心理的生动描述。
现在进行时与always, constantly, continually, forever (for ever),
usually等副词连用时，往往表示生气、不满、同情、赞美、好
奇等情感或对某一心理的生动描述。
The children are constantly disturbing us. （讨厌、不满）
注意：下列动词一般不能用于进行时态。
1）表示心理活动的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有love, like, hate, know, understand,realize, remember, believe, want, hope, wish, need,agree等。
She understands you better now.
2）表示属性或拥有的动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有have（有），own, possess, belong to,have on, consist of 等。
This dictionary belongs to Peter.
3）表示感官的连系动词不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有seen, appear, look, sound, taste等。feel用于进行时态表示一时的感觉。
The music sounds beautiful.
I'm not feeling well today.
4）表示行为结果的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有accept, admit, receive, allow,decide, promise等。
I accept your advice.
2. 过去进行时
1）表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that
moment, at that time, at the time, this time yesterday等。没有时间状语时，需要根据上下文的语境体会。
I was writing a letter when you phoned.
2）表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，常表示“渐渐”“快要”“越来越”“马上”。
常见的此列动词有come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive,get, become, turn等非持续性动词，偶尔有些持续性动词如do, stay, take等也常表示过去“将要”。
We were running out of the gas.
She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.
3）表示特定的情感。
与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可与always,forever, constantly等时间状语连用，表示厌烦、惊讶、褒扬等特殊情感。
She was always ringing me up when I was in London. （表示厌烦）
3.将来进行时
指从现在算起的将来某时间点正在进行的动作或将要进行的动作。常与表示将来时间的短语this time ，tomorrow, at 10 o'clock next Monday等连用。
This time tomorrow we'll be flying to Pairs..
【考前预测】动词时态
1．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）The little boy won’t go to sleep unless his mom _________ him a story.
A．tells B．told C．is telling D．will tell
1．A
【解析】
句意：小男孩不会去睡觉，除非他妈妈给他讲故事。
考查条件状语从句的主将从现。分析句子结构，unless引导条件状语从句，主句中的“won’t”说明主句用一般将来时，根据“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。从句主语his mother为第三人称单数，因此动词tell也应用动词的第三人称单数形式tells。故选A。
2．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years.
A．writes B．wrote
C．has written D．is writing
2．C
【解析】
句意：大卫工作效率很高，在过去十年中已经写了五本书。
考查现在完成时。根据句中时间状语“in the past ten years”可知“在过去的十年中”，由此可知，此句时态为现在完成时，其结构为：have/has done。故选C。
3．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—You look tired!
—My husband _______ football matches all night. That was too noisy!
A．watches B．has watched C．was watching D．will watch
3．C
【解析】
句意：——你看起来很累！——我丈夫整晚都在看足球比赛。太吵了！
考查过去进行时。根据“My husband...football matches all night.”可知，强调整晚都在看，用过去进行时，故选C。
4．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A．am washing B．have washed C．was washing D．washed
4．C
【解析】
句意：——你为什么不给我开门，吉姆？——我在浴室洗衣服。我没有听到敲门声。
考查时态。根据“Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim ”和“I...clothes in the bathroom.”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。
5．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）WangYaping, the female（女性的）Chinese space walker, ________ her first space walk in November, 2021.
A．has begun B．begins C．began
5．C
【解析】
句意：中国女太空行走者王亚平于2021年11月开始了她的首次太空行走。
考查动词时态。根据“ in November, 2021.”可知动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故选C。
6．（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Nanjing Road is very crowded these days.
—The workers ________ it. It is said that it ________ soon.
A．repair；finishes B．have repaired；will finish C．are repairing；will be finished
6．C
【解析】
句意：——南京路这几天很拥挤。——工人们正在修路。据说很快就完工了。
考查动词时态。根据“Nanjing Road is very crowded these days”可知，工人这些天正在修理，用现在进行时表示某一阶段正在进行的动作。根据“soon”可知，第二空应填一般将来时，主语it与动词finish之间是被动关系，故第二空用一般将来时被动语态，故选C。
7．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）—I ________ in London for many years.
—You have never regretted moving back to China, have you
A．lived B．was living C．have lived
7．C
【解析】
句意：——我在伦敦住了很多年。——你从来没有后悔搬回中国，是吗？
考查动词时态。分析句子可知，句子的时间状语“for many years”和现在完成时连用，结构为：have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。
8．（2022·广西·中考真题）I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I’ll stay at home.
A．will rain; rains B．will rain; will rain C．rains; will rain D．rains; rains
8．A
【解析】
句意：我不知道明天会不会下雨，但如果下雨，我会待在家里。
考查if条件句和宾语从句。前半个句子中包含一个由if引导的宾语从句，根据时间标志词“tomorrow”可知，要用一般将来时，所以可以先排除选项CD；后半句子包含由if引导的条件状语从句，此时根据“主将从现”的原则，从句要用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词需要加s。故选A。
9．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）— Is your father at home, Jill
— No. He ________ his car outside.
A．was washing B．will wash C．is washing
9．C
【解析】
句意：——你父亲在家吗，吉尔？——不。他正在外面洗车。
考查动词时态。根据“Is your father at home, Jill ”可知此处是回答父亲正在做的事情，应用现在进行时，故选C。
10．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）— The song Together for a Shared Future is very popular now.
— That’s for sure! Both the young and the old ________ it.
A．likes B．like C．liked
10．B
【解析】
句意：——《一起向未来》这首歌现在很受欢迎。——这是肯定的！年轻人和老年人都喜欢它。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“now”结合语境可知句子是一般现在时； 根据“Both the young and the old”可知主语是复数，动词应用原形，故选B。
11．（2022·广西贵港·中考真题）—There ________ a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.
—Great! We can’t wait!
A．is B．was C．will be D．will have
11．C
【解析】
句意：——明天下午我们学校将有一场钟南山的演讲。——太棒了！我们等不及了！
考查There be句型和时态。根据“There …a talk by Zhong Nanshan in our school tomorrow afternoon.”可知，本句为一般将来时，且为There be句型，使用There will be“将有”，故选C。
12．（2022·北京·中考真题）The workers _________ the community center now.
A．cleaned B．were cleaning C．will clean D．are cleaning
12．D
【解析】
句意：工人们现在正在打扫社区中心。
考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知句子要用现在进行时，其结构是“be（am/is/are） doing”。故选D。
13．（2022·北京·中考真题）Jim _________ a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned
13．D
【解析】
句意：Jim自从开始在我们学校学习之后学到了很多关于中国文化的东西。
考查现在完成时。根据“since自从”可知主句要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has done”，故选D。
14．（2022·北京·中考真题）Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you _________ some day.
A．will succeed B．succeed C．succeeded D．have succeeded
14．A
【解析】
句意：不要灰心。如果你继续努力，将来某一天你会成功的。
考查if引导的条件状语从句。if表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；空格处于主句位置，故用一般将来时。故选A。
15．（2022·北京·中考真题）I ________ about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A．think B．will think C．was thinking D．am thinking
15．C
【解析】
句意：我正在想我妹妹的时候，电话响了。正是她！
考查过去进行时。根据“I...about my sister when my phone rang.”可知，电话响的时候，正在想她，强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。
16．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A．has he left B．was he leaving C．did he leave D．will he leave
16．C
【解析】
句意：——Daniel去北京出差了。——哦，我不知道。他什么时候离开的？
考查动词时态。根据“Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.”可知，“离开”的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，疑问句借助于助动词did，故选C。
17．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）Christine ________ the family’s Sunday lunch since she was 12 years old.
A．cooks B．cooked C．will cook D．has cooked
17．D
【解析】
句意：克莉丝汀从12岁起就为家人做周日午餐。
考查时态。根据“since she was 12 years old.”可知，主句要用现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，故选D。
18．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mike, why are you standing outdoors
—I ______ my keys. I have to wait here until my mother comes back.
A．have lost B．will lose C．had lost D．lose
18．A
【解析】
句意：——Mike，你为什么站在门外？——我弄丢了钥匙。我得在这里等我妈妈回来。
考查动词时态。根据句意可知，弄丢了钥匙对现在造成的影响是站在门外等妈妈回来，用现在完成时have done的结构表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故选A。
19．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Would you like to see the movie Changjin Lake this evening
—Oh, it’s a good movie. But I _________ it already.
A．saw B．have seen C．see D．will see
19．B
【解析】
句意：——今晚你想看电影《长津湖》吗？——哦，那是一部好电影。但是我已经看过了。
考查时态。根据“already”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，使用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。
20．（2022·河北·中考真题）Sorry, I ________ a mistake. Let me correct it.
A．will make B．am making C．was making D．have made
20．D
【解析】
句意：对不起，我弄错了。我来纠正一下。
考查现在完成时。根据“Sorry, I...a mistake. Let me correct it.”可知，因为已经犯了错误，所以现在要去纠正，故选D。
21．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—You look pretty busy. What’s up
—We ________ for an office party this Friday evening. There will be about thirty people, and I am the organizer.
A．prepare B．have prepared C．are preparing D．were preparing
21．C
【解析】
句意：——你看起来非常忙碌。怎么了？——我们正在准备这个星期五晚上的办公室聚会。大约有三十个人参加，我是组织者。
考查动词的时态。根据“You look pretty busy”可知，句子表达正在忙碌的事情，用现在进行时，表达“准备”，动词用“are preparing”。故选C。
22．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Holly prefers playing the piano to ________ the violin. Listen! She ________ the piano in her room.
A．play; is playing B．playing; plays C．playing; is playing
22．C
【解析】
句意：霍莉喜欢弹钢琴而不喜欢拉小提琴。听！她正在房间里弹钢琴。
考查非谓语及时态。prefer doing to doing“宁愿做……也不愿做……”，是固定短语，第一空用动名词形式；结合“Listen!”可知，第二空用现在进行时结构，故选C。
23．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）COVID-19(新冠肺炎) ________ the world, and many people’s life changes a lot.
A．influenced B．is influencing C．is influenced D．was influenced
23．B
【解析】
句意：新冠肺炎正在影响世界，许多人的生活发生了很大变化。
考查现在进行时。 新冠肺炎影响世界是正在发生的，用现在进行时，故选B。
24．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—I don’t know when Susan ________.
—Don’t worry. When she ________, I will tell you.
A．comes; will come B．will come; comes C．come; comes
24．B
【解析】
句意：——我不知道苏珊什么时候来。——不用担心。她来的时候，我会告诉你的。
考查复合从句。空一是宾语从句，表示“不知道Susan什么时候来”，用一般将来时；空二是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，空处需用一般现在时。故选B。
25．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）—Why is Kate absent from class
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A．was attending B．attended C．is attending D．attends
25．C
【解析】句意：——凯特为什么没来上课？——哦，她正在参加会议。
考查动词时态。根据“Why is Kate absent from class ”可知，凯特没上课是因为此时她正在参加一个会议，应用现在进行时，结构：be doing。故选C。
26．（2022·吉林·中考真题）—Helen, why didn’t you come to the party yesterday
—Oh, I ________ for the speech competition.
A．prepares B．prepared C．will prepare
26．B
【解析】句意：——Helen，你昨天为什么没有来参加派对？——哦，我在准备演讲比赛。
考查动词时态。根据问句“didn’t”可知，答语用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。
27．（2022·广西·中考真题）— What were you doing when I called you last night
— I ________ football with my father.
A．play B．was playing C．will play
27．B
【解析】句意：——昨晚我打电话给你的时候你在干什么？——我正在跟我爸爸踢足球。
考查动词时态。根据“What were you doing when I called you last night”可知，答语用过去进行时“was/were doing“的结构表示“过去某个时刻正在发生的事情”，故选B。
28．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）—Mike is from America but speaks perfect Chinese.
—So he does. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ college.
A．is attending B．has attended C．attended
28．C
【解析】句意：——迈克来自美国，但能说一口流利的中文。 ——是的。自从上大学以来，他就自学中文。
考查一般过去时。since后用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故选C。
29．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）The public places, such as restaurants and cinemas, ________ since COVID-19 swept the city again last month.
A．have been closed B．have closed C．closed
29．A
【解析】句意：自上月新冠肺炎疫情再次席卷该市以来，餐馆和电影院等公共场所一直关闭。
考查动词时态以及延续性动词。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，且动词要用延续性动词，close对应的延续性动词是be closed，故选A。
30．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）While Sally ________ the housework, her mother came back from work.
A．are doing B．was doing C．did
30．B
【解析】句意：萨莉在做家务时，她妈妈下班回来了。
考查时态。结合“came”可知，句子应用过去的时态，排除A选项；结合“while”可知，从句表达的动作是延续性的，应用过去进行时，故选B。
31．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）—Where’s Mr. Yang
—He ________ Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He ________ there three times because he enjoys the local scenery.
A．has gone to; has been B．has gone to; has gone to
C．has been to; has gone D．has been to; has been to
31．A
【解析】句意：——杨先生在哪里？——他去了丹寨的龙泉山。 他去过那里三次，因为他喜欢当地的风景。
考查has been to以及has gone to的区别。has gone to去了某地（未回来）；has been to去过某地（已回来）。根据“Where’s Mr. Yang”可知，杨先生不在说话地，所以是去了龙泉山，还没有回来，故第一空填has gone to，排除C和D选项。根据“three times”可知，去过三次，且there是地点副词，前不加任何介词，用has been。故选A。
32．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Your son’s dream will come true as long as ______.
—I hope so.
A．he will study hard B．she will study hard
C．he studies hard D．she studies hard
32．C
【解析】句意：——只要你儿子努力学习，他的梦想就会实现。——希望如此。
考查时态以及人称单词。根据“Your son’s...”可知此处指你儿子努力，用代词he，排除BD；句子是as long as引导的条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选C。
33．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Using public chopsticks ______ necessary when eating with others.
—That’s right.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
33．A
【解析】句意：——与他人一起吃饭时，使用公用筷子是必要的。——确实如此。
考查主谓一致以及动词时态。此处阐述的是使用公筷的必要性，句子用一般现在时，动名词作主语，be动词用is，故选A。
34．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）So far, red tourism (旅游业) ________ quickly and it’s becoming more and more popular.
A．developed B．will develop C．has developed
34．C
【解析】句意：到目前为止，红色旅游发展迅速，越来越受欢迎。
考查时态。根据“So far”可知句子使用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。
35．（2022·海南·中考真题）We ________ each other since we met in the last summer camp.
A．won’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see
35．B
【解析】句意：自从上次夏令营见面后，我们就再也没有见过面。
考查动词时态。根据“since we met in the last summer camp.”可知，本句是现在完成时。故选B。
36．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）The chief engineer announced that they ________ a space lab on the space station around the end of 2022.
A．have built B．had built C．will build D．would build
36．D
【解析】句意：总工程师宣布，他们将于2022年底左右在空间站建造一个空间实验室。
考查动词时态。根据“The chief engineer announced that”可知，that后为宾语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句为过去的某种时态，结合从句时间状语“around the end of 2022”可知，此处使用过去将来时，would+动词原形。故选D。
37．（2022·福建·中考真题）Since 2021, our school ________ all kinds of after-school services for students.
A．provides B．is providing C．has provided
37．C
【解析】句意：从2021年开始，学校为学生提供各种课外服务。
考查动词时态。since+过去的时间点，要与现在完成时have/has done的结构连用，故选C。
38．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Hello! May I speak to Kate
—Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-pong outside.
A．is playing B．plays C．played D．will play
38．A
【解析】句意：——你好！我可以和凯特说话吗？——对不起，她不在。她在外面打乒乓球。
考查现在进行时。根据“Sorry, she isn’t in.”可知，阐述正在发生的事，用现在进行时，结构为“be+现在分词”。故选A。
39．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Your watch is really old.
—Yes, I ________ it since I was six.
A．have B．will have C．have had D．am having
39．C
【解析】句意：——你的手表真的很旧了。——是的，我从六岁起就有了。
考查现在完成时。根据“since I was six”可知，本句是现在完成时，结构为“has/have+过去分词”。故选C。
40．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A．misses B．missed C．was missing D．has missed
40．B
【解析】句意：李雷上周五错过了校车。
考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式missed。故选B。
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