【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语译林版选修六教师用书Unit 1 Laughter is good for you

【美文阅读】　
How to laugh more often
笑对人的身心健康有益，那么我们如何才能做到“经常笑”呢？试试下面的方法吧！
If you 're sad，anxious，ill，or you 've just had a bad day，you should probably laugh more.The saying “laughter is the best medicine”is true.Among its many powers，laughter has been found to improve mood and strengthen bonds (联系)between people.Here are some fun steps that will help you laugh more.
Just Smile —Even if you 're not happy.If you smile at something that 's slightly uplifting (令人开心的，使人振奋的)，you are training your body to laugh more.
(1)Be Thankful —It's easy to develop a habit of being thankful once you've thought of all the things you have to be thankful for in the first place.The more thankful you are，the less you think about yourself，and the happier you become.
(2)Practise Laughing —Try to laugh more for no reason at all.This might be difficult if you are really sad.Making laughter sounds can even cause us to really laugh more.
(3)Find Funny Entertainment —Cartoons and live comedy shows are great at helping you laugh more.If you don't know what type of humour suits you best，try watching all types of comedy and sooner or later you will be laughing.
(4)Surround Yourself with Funny People —Even if you don't feel like leaving the house，force yourself to
spend more time with people who laugh a lot.Just being around them will cause you to laugh more.
(5)Be Playful —If you've ever seen a lot of children playing，you've probably heard them laugh more than most adults you know.This is because they haven't taken control of their inner playfulness.
(6)Invite Laughter —Encourage your loved ones to laugh more by talking about funny things that happen in their lives.Maybe they haven't laughed enough today either.Exchange funny stories until tears pour out.
【诱思导学】　
1．List 6 ways that the writer has given to you to train your body to laugh more.




2．Which advice do you think the most helpful to make you laugh more ？Give your reasons.




【答案】　1.(1)Be Thankful　(2)Practise Laughing
(3)Find Funny Entertainment　(4)Surround Yourself with Funny People　(5)Be Playful
(6)Invite Laughter
2．I think “Find Funny Entertainment”is the most helpful to me，because when I watch some cartoons，I can 't help laughing all the time.(The answer varies )
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本单元让学生能读懂有关相声等喜剧文章，从而吸取其中的精髓，陶冶自己的情操，并把中国的喜剧文化传承并发扬光大；同时让学生了解日常生活中的“笑”对身体是有益的，从而鼓励学生养成经常笑的习惯。

(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过三个问题引发学生思考：
Question 1: “Do you often smile or laugh in your daily life？”
Question 2: “When and why do you laugh? Give some examples.”
Question 3: “Do you know something about stand－up comedies in China? Do you always laugh when you are enjoying the comedies？”
●教学流程设计
 →→ 
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 ←← 让学生快速阅读课文(见课本第2 － 3页)，并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第2页)。　　　　　　　↓
→ 学生再次仔细阅读课文(课本第2 － 3页)，进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第2页)。 →
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
 ← ←
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Ⅰ.篇章结构
Stand up for your health！
Different
1． of
stand－up
comedy
Telling 2. about daily life.
Using objects to tell jokes; a type of 3. humour.
Using their actions to make people
4． .
Acting or speaking like a 5. person.
A famous
comedian:
Billy Crystal
·He has 6. the Academy Awards eight times, and he always keeps a 7. in his pocket.
·He has the 8. to make new jokes about the people and things around him.
·He is 9. with all ages.
Laughter is
good for
people's
health
People laughing a lot live longer because their brains send 10. around their bodies that are good for them.
【答案】　1.types/styles　2.jokes　3.visual　4.laugh　5.well－known/famous　6.hosted　7.toothbrush
8．ability　9.popular　10.chemicals
Ⅱ.语篇理解
1．A stand －up comedian ．
A．can't make fun of an audience member
B．may talk directly to audience members
C．mustn't stand right there in front of the audience
2．Which is WRONG about Billy Crystal?
A．He has hosted the Academy Awards eight times
B．Whenever he is on stage，he always keeps a toothbrush in his pocket for good luck.
C．He is famous for his outstanding ability to improvise.
3．From the text we know that ．
A．when you see a man walking into a door，you are watching a stand－up comedy
B．Billy Crystal plans to stop making films but not to stop telling jokes
C．stand－up comedy is popular all over the world
4．After reading the fifth paragraph，readers can know that comedians are expected to
A．enjoy a very long life
B．perform stand－up
C．have no plans to stop work
5．What's the author's main purpose by writing this passage ?
A．To introduce the stand－up comedy to us
B．To make us know about famous comedians like Bob　 Hope and George Burns.
C．To tell people that laughing is the best medicine.
【答案】　1－5：　BBCAC
Ⅲ.课文缩写
Stand－up is a favourite type of comedy，which is done on a stage by a comedian talking to 1. members.There are a 2. of different styles of stand－up comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about the way people 3. or about daily life.Some comedians rely on 4. humour.Other comedians may 5. over chairs, walk into doors，and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.The last kind of comedian does 6. ．These comedians act or speak like a well－known person.Bill Crystal is one of the stand－up comedians who have become famous as television and film 7. later on life.He is popular with all age groups and has the ability to 8. people all over the world.This proves that stand－up can be enjoyed by everyone.
Doctors have been researching what 9. stand－up and other forms of comedy have on us，and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live 10. ．This agrees with the English saying “laughter is the best medicine.”
【答案】　1.audience　2.variety　3.behave 　4.visual　5.trip　6.impressions　7.performers　8.amuse
9．effect　10.longer
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．tease　　　　　A. a dramatic or musical entertainment
2．affection B．to feel sadness
3．amuse C．a positive feeling of liking
4．behave D．to laugh at sb.and make jokes about them
5．variety E．happening or existing before the
event or object that you are talking about 4
6．previous F．to do thing in a particular way
7．mourn G．to make sb.laugh or happy
8．performance H．a collection containing a variety of sorts of things
【答案】　1.D　2.C　3.G　4.F　5.H　6.E　7.B　8.A
Ⅱ.短语填空
make fun of，pass away，trip over，follow in the footsteps of，have affection for，come up with，stand up for，depend upon1.He was often at school，which deeply hurt him.
2．He the stone，injuring his knee.
3．Her grandma last week，which made her sad.
4．The lawyer was expected to some suggestions after reading all those documents.
5．It's certain that we all human rights.
6．Chinese audience Zhao Benshan's performances.
【答案】　1.made fun of 　2.tripped over 　3.passed away 　4.come up with 　5.stand up for 　6.have affection for
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．He says it is because when he started practising standup as a child，he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror，brushing his teeth.
他说这是因为小时候开始练习单口喜剧的时候，他就习惯站在镜子面前，边刷牙边对自己说笑话。
2．He said，“It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films！”
他说：“看来，他不愧是从无声电影起家的啊！”
3．Whatever the reason，research shows that in the end, the English saying，“laughter is the best medicine”，may be true after all.
无论什么原因，研究表明英国的谚语“笑是最好的药”最终可能是真的。
4．I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.我喜欢喜剧演员会与观众交流。
Period ⅡWelcome to the Unit &Reading
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，与此同时通过课文更加熟练地运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的学习，让学生能够用英语简单描述喜剧单口相声和介绍自己喜爱的喜剧演员，以提高学生的口头及书面表达能力。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
“Let's know something more about stand－up comedies in China.”开门见山，直入主题。
●教学流程设计
 → → 让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第3页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论的结果。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
 ← 老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。 ←
　　　　　　↓
 →
1．stand up for 支持；维护；保护
Stand up for your health！(P2)(欣赏单口喜剧)，促进身心健康！
We students must learn to stand up for ourselves.
我们学生必须学会自我保护。
You've got to stand up for what you believe in.
你要捍卫你的信仰。
stand by 袖手旁观；支持
stand for 代表；主张
stand out 引人注目；突出
　 A tall man stands out in a crowd
在人群中，高个子很显眼。
完成句子(用stand短语)
①If we don't what we have called for，we'll never get there.
②What do the five rings on the Olympic flag ？
③You shouldn't while someone is in trouble.
【答案】　①stand up for 　②stand for 　③stand by
2．A stand－up comedian may tease an audience member，or might decide to tell different jokes depending upon how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes.
( P2)单口喜剧演员可能就某一观众开玩笑，或是根据观众对他以前的笑话的反应随机应变讲不同的笑话。
(1)tease vt.取笑；揶揄；戏弄；n.爱开玩笑的人；戏弄
It is/was naughty of him to tease her.
他这样取笑她真是太调皮了。
Stop teasing the cat，or it may hurt you.
别再惹那只小猫了，否则它可能会伤着你的。
Don't take any notice of Joe —he's a big tease.
千万不要搭理乔——他特别爱戏弄人。
tease sb.about sth.取笑某人某事
tease sth.out of sb.哄骗某人说出某事
　 I was teased about my weight as a child.
我小时候别人老取笑我长得胖。
完成句子
①她过去总是取笑我的短发
She used to my short hair.
②他告诉我他终于哄她说出了真相。
He told me that he finally managed to ．
【答案】　①tease me about 　②tease the truth out of her
(2)previous adj.先前的；事前的；以前的
He did better in his previous study.
他在预习方面做得好。
His previous attempt was successful.
他以前的尝试成功了。
①previous to (doing)sth.在……之前(to为介词)
②previously adv.先前的；以前地
　 Previous to the meeting we had discussed the matter among ourselves.在会议之前，我们讨论了这个问题。
翻译句子
③你以前有过这种工作经验吗？

④来这里之前，我为你准备了文件。

【答案】　③Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job?
④Previous to coming here，I prepared the documents for you.
3．variety n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式
There are a variety of different styles of stand－up comedy.(P2)单口喜剧有很多不同的类型。
We demand more variety for our food.
我们要求食品的花样多一些。
The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of amusements.这个旅馆为住客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。
①a variety of ...＝varieties of ...各种各样的
②vary vi. &vt.有变化；改变
vary from A to B 　在A和B之间变化
③various adj.不同的；各种各样的
　All of them arrived late for a variety of reasons.
由于种种原因，他们都来晚了。
There are various ways to solve the problem.
解决这个问题的方法很多。
【教师备课资源】　
many and various 各种各样的(多作表语)
for various reasons 由于种种原因
　
Your task is to give out the notes to the group members.
A．variety　　B．difference　　C．various　　D．vary
【解析】　考查词性辨析。此处需要一个形容词various (不同的，各种各样的)。
【答案】　C
4．behave vi.&vt.表现 ；行为；举止
Some comedians tell jokes about the way people behave or about daily life.(P2)有些喜剧演员就人们的行为方式或日常生活开玩笑。
It's hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
Behave yourself，don't make a fool of yourself.
注意你的举止，别闹出笑话来。
①behave well /badly towards to (对某人)行为/举止表现好/恶劣
behave oneself 举止得体；老实点
behave like 表现得像……
②behavior n．行为；举止；态度
【教师备课资源】　
behavior towards sb.对于某人的态度
　
完成句子
①他的行为像个真正的绅士。
He a true gentleman.
②我不在家时你们要乖乖的。
I want you to while I am away.
【答案】　①behaved like 　②behave yourselves
5．trip over 被……绊倒
Yet other comedians may trip over chairs，walk into doors, ...(P2)然而其他的喜剧演员也许要被椅子绊倒，撞上房门……
Some will trip over that rope.
有人会让那条绳子绊倒的。
The boy tripped over a stone.
那个男孩被一块石头绊倒了。
get over 克服；(从病中)恢复过来
knock over 撞倒；推翻
hand over 交出，移交
think over 仔细考虑
turn over 翻身；翻转过来
　
用上述短语完成句子
①If you don't lace up your shoes，you'll ．
②I wouldn't dare to the project to someone else.
③I didn't that vase on purpose.
【答案】　①trip over 　②hand over 　③knock over
6．make fun of 拿……开玩笑；取笑；嘲弄
The last kind of comedian does impressions—he or she will act or speak like a well－known person in order to make fun of that person.(P2)最后一种演员是做印象模仿的——他或者她的动作或说话方式都像某个名人，目的是取笑他。
He often makes fun of me in public，which makes me very angry.他经常在公共场合嘲笑我，这使我很生气。
Don't make fun of the disabled；everyone has his self－respect.别取笑残疾人，每个人都有自尊。

play a joke /jokes on 捉弄……，拿……开玩笑
play a trick /tricks on 戏弄……
have fun 玩得高兴
for fun 为了开心；为了消遣
　Don't play a joke on him，he is a shy boy.
别戏弄他，他是个胆小的小孩。
He did it just for fun.
他那样做只是为了开心。
【教师备课资源】
make a joke of/about 拿……开玩笑，取笑……
make jokes of/about 拿……开玩笑
　
用适当的介、副词填空
①The girls were always playing tricks each other.
②People like to get together to eat，drink and have fun each other.
③He decided to learn to play tennis just fun.
④The other children made fun her because she was always so serious.
【答案】　①on 　②with 　③for 　④of
7．affection n．喜爱；钟爱；爱情
While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.(P2)这种幽默可能听起来有点刻薄，但是通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象的时候，这种幽默才奏效。
As we know，children need lots of love and affection.
我们知道，孩子需要很多疼爱和关怀。
I have a deep affection for my hometown.
我深爱着我的家乡。
①have affection for/towards　喜爱；钟爱
with affection 　深情地；热情地
show sb.affection(＝show affection for/towards sb.)向某人表示关爱/喜爱
②affect vt.影响；打动；感染；喜欢
　Every mother has affection towards her children.
每个母亲都爱自己的孩子。
完成句子
①我们应该彼此关爱。
We should each other.
②她满怀爱意地回忆那些岁月。
She looked back on those days ．
【答案】　①have/show affection for 　②with affection
8．perform vt.&vi.演出；表演；做；履行；工作；运转
Each time，he performs his stand－up routine in front of millions of people when the show is broadcast live on TV.(P2)每次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼的时候，他都会通过电视直播在数百万观众面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。
One should always perform what one promises.
一个人应该说到做到。
The doctor performed an operation yesterday.
昨天大夫进行了一例手术。
perform well /poorly/badly 表现、运转好/糟糕/不好
perform an operation /a task 做手术/执行任务
perform one's duties /promise 履行职责/诺言
　In what aspect do girls perform better than boys ?
在哪方面女孩比男孩做得好？
【语境促记】

用perform的适当形式填空
The who a leading part in the play is putting on a on the stage.
【答案】　performer；performs；performance
9．He says it is because when he started practising stand－up as a child，he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror，brushing his teeth.(P3)他说这是因为小时候开始练习单口喜剧的时候，他就习惯站在镜子面前，边刷牙边对自己说笑话。
(1)It /This/That is /was because...“这/那是因为……”，此句为because引导的表语从句。
I won't go out today.This is because I am not feeling well.今天我不出去了，这是因为我感觉不舒服。
It /That/This is /was why ...这就是……的原因
　
翻译句子
①汤姆今天没来学校，因为他感冒了。

②李明没有考及格，因为住院好长时间。

【答案】　①Tom caught a cold.This was why he didn't come to school today./Tom caught a cold，which was why he didn't come to school today.
②Li Ming failed the exam.That's because he had been in hospital for a long time .
(2)while standing ...是while 引导的时间状语从句的省略，补充完整应为：“while he was standing in front of the mirror”。在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，as though，though，as，whether 等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分中有be动词，且主语又跟主句一致或从句主语是it，则从句主语和be动词常被省略。
If (it is)possible ，I'll go to see him this afternoon.
如果可能，今天下午我就去看他。
His opinion，whether(it is)right or wrong，will be considered.他的意见，无论对错，都要考虑。
I won't go to his party unless(I am) invited.
除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加他的晚会。
翻译句子
③当你过马路时，一定要当心。

④你应该待在你现在所在的地方不动，除非别人让你离开。

⑤如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。

【答案】　③Be careful while (you are )crossing the road.
④You should stay where you are，unless (you are )asked to leave.
⑤If (it is )true，this will cause us a lot of problems.
10．come up with 想出；拿出
One reason Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.(P3)克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编排笑话。
They came up with different ideas for increasing sales.
对于增加销售量他们提出了不同的想法。
The scientists are beating their brains，trying to come up with a solution to the problem.
科学家正绞尽脑汁，力求找到解决这个问题的办法。
come across 偶然遇到，碰见；被理解，被传达
come about 发生
come out 出现；出版
come up 出现，发生；被提出来；走过来
when it comes to ＋n./doing ...涉及，谈到 ……
　【对接高考】
(2011·天津高考)She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A．turned down 　　　　　　B．deal with
C．took after D．came across
【解析】　句意：昨天她在百货商店购物时碰到了一位老朋友。本题考查动词短语的辨析。come across 偶遇，碰见，符合题意。turn down 拒绝；deal with 处理，对付 ；take after 像，相似均与题意不相符 。
【答案】　D

完成句子
①这是在昨天的会议上提出的最好方案。
This was the best plan which at the meeting yesterday.
②当谈到喝酒时，每一种文化都有各自不同的传统。
Every culture has different traditions drinking.
【答案】　①came up 　②when it comes to
11．Instead of telling the joke he had planned，Crystal made up a new one.(P3)克里斯托没有讲事先准备好的笑话，而是即兴编 了一个。
(1)instead of 代替；而不是
You should be out playing instead of working indoors all day.
你应该到外边去活动活动，而不要整天待在屋里工作。
We went there to earn money instead of to spend money.我们到那儿是为了赚钱而不是花钱。
instead/instead of/in place of/take the place of
instead
副词，意为“代替”，通常单独位于句首或句尾。
instead of
意为“代替，而不是”，后可接名词、代词、动名词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语。
in place of
意为“代替”，书面语，相当于in one'place。
take the
place of
意为“代替”，为动词短语。
　
选词填空(用上述词语的适当形式填空)
①We'll go by bus on foot.
②Tractors have horses in many places.
③Your teacher is ill today，I'll give your lessons ．
④Choose fresh or homemade food these junk items.
【答案】　①instead of 　②taken the place of 　③instead 　④in place of
(2)make up 编造；构成 ；弥补；化妆；和好
I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him.我认为你编造关于他的故事是很不友好的。
Women make up only 40%of the workforce.
妇女仅占劳动力的40%。
She is making up at the backstage.
她正在后台化妆。
make up for 弥补，补偿
be made up of 由……组成
make out 看出，辨认出；理解，明白
make it 走完(一段路)；能成功；做到
make a difference 有影响，很重要
　 Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?
我可以今天下午早走，明天补上这段时间吗？
I could just make out a figure in the darkness.
黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。
单项填空
⑤The twins quarrelled but they after a while.
A．made up 　　　　　　B．made up for
C．made out D．make a difference
【解析】　句意“这对双胞胎吵架了，但一会儿后他们又和好了”。make up 意为“和好”。
【答案】　A
12．He said，“It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films！”(P3)他说：“看来，他不愧是无声电影起家的呀！”
It seems ＋adj.＋ that...是主从复合句，It是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语，seem在句中是连系动词，意思是“似乎，好像”。
It seems true that he has solved the problem.
他已经把这个问题解决了似乎是真的。
It seems strange to me that he should be ignorant of it.他竟不知情，令我感到奇怪。
seem to do sth.好像要做某事
seem(to be)＋adj./n.好像是……
seem like ＋n.像……
It seems as if /as though好像要……
It seems as if/as though 好像要……
　He seems to know everything.＝It seems that he knows everything.
他好像什么都知道。
It seems that it will snow.
＝It seems as if it will snow.
看起来天似乎要下雪。
It seemed like a good idea at the time.
当时这主意好像不错。
翻译句子
①老师好像对他的学生们很满意。

②她好像对此一无所知。

【答案】　①The teacher seemed pleased with his students.
②It seemed as if she knew nothing about it.
13．amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.(P3)克里斯托深受各年龄段人群的喜爱，而且他有能力让世人感到开心。
He made up a story to amuse the children.
他编了一个故事逗孩子们开心。
I did some crosswords to amuse myself on the journey.
在旅途中，我以玩纵横字谜为消遣。
①amused adj.逗乐的，觉得好笑的
be amused at /by/with对……感到好笑；被……逗乐
keep sb.amused使某人快乐；使某人消遣
②amusing adj.令人愉快的
③amusement n．可笑；愉悦；娱乐
to one's amusement使某人感到好笑的是
with amusement 愉快地
　【语境促记】
【提示】　“使某人感到非常可笑的是”可用much/greatly to one's amusement 或to one's great amusement，但不可用very替换much和greatly。
用amuse的适当形式填空
①The audience were by the stand－up comedy.
②The summer camp afforded kids endless ．
【答案】　①amused；amusing　②amusement
完成句子
③Parks provide people with a place to (自娱自乐)．
④ (让每个人都觉得好笑的是)，someone hid his clothes while he was swimming.
【答案】　③amuse themselves　④To everyone's amusement
14．follow in the footsteps of.../follow in sb.'s footsteps走……的道路；步……的后尘；效法；继承……事业
He hopes to follow in the footsteps of other famous comedians，such as Bob Hope and George Burns ，who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until nearly the end of their lives.(P3)他希望效仿鲍勃·霍普和乔治·伯恩斯等其他单口喜剧明星，这两位著名演员都活到了一百岁，并且一直工作到生命的最后时期。
He decided to follow in the footsteps of all his brothers and join the family company.
他决定步他所有兄长们的后尘，加入自家的公司。
He is a doctor and expects his son to follow in his footsteps.他是医生，期盼儿子继承他的事业。
①follow sb.into sth.追随某人做某事；跟着某人进入
follow the example of 学习……的榜样
follow the advice 听从建议
follow on 跟着去；接着来；随后去
follow (sth.)up...后接着；穷追；把……探究到底
②as follows如下
　The children followed their mother into the room.
孩子们跟着母亲进了房间。
We must follow the example of heroes.
我们必须向英雄学习。
I think learning English is quite necessary.The reasons are as follows.
我认为学习英语是十分必要的。究其原因如下。
同义句转换
①He works in television，following in his father's footsteps.
He works in television， of his father.
【答案】　①following in the footsteps
完成句子
②You go to the beach with the children and I'll (随后)when I finish the work .
③The police are (继续追查)several leads after their TV appeal for information.
【答案】　②follow on　③following up
15．have an effect on 对……有影响
Doctors have been researching what effect stand－up and other forms of comedy have on us.(P3)医学工作者们一直在研究单口喜剧和其它喜剧形式能够对我们产生什么样的影响。
The bitter lesson had a lasting effect on him.
这痛苦的教训对他产生了持久的影响。
The rain has a very bad effect on the crops.
这场雨极其严重地影响了庄稼的生长。
have an effect 有影响，产生作用
bring about effect 产生效果
come into effect 开始生效，开始实施
　
完成句子
①这种药物将对你的病有着积极的疗效。
This medicine will your disease.
②这些措施已经产生不好的影响。
These measures ．
【答案】　①have an active effect on　②had a bad effect
16．Whatever the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，“Laughter is the best medicine”，may be true after all.(P3)无论什么原因，研究表明英国的谚语“笑是最好的药”最终可能是真的。
Whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，意为“不管什么，无论什么”。但是whatever除了可以引导让步状语从句外，还能引导名词性从句，而no matter what只能引导让步状语从句。
Whatever your parents are，you should respect them.
不管你父母从事什么职业，你都应该尊敬他们。
①whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，引导让步状语从句时，可以换成no matter what/which/who/whom，位置可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。
②wherever，whenever，however常引导让步状语从句，可以换成no matter where/when/how，可以在主句前或主句后。
　Whoever knocks，don't open the door.
＝No matter who knocks，don't open the door.
不管谁敲门，都不要开门。
Beggars will eat whatever they are given.
乞丐会吃任何被给的东西。(本句whatever不能换为no matter what)
Whenever he comes again，he'll be welcomed.
＝No matter when he comes again，he'll be welcomed.
不管他何时再来，他都会受到欢迎。
【对接高考】　
(2012·福建高考)We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A．who　　B．whom　　C．whoever　　D．whomever
【解析】　句意：我们承诺无论谁参加晚会，都有一次机会与这位电影明星合影。本题考查名词性从句。这里whoever(＝anyone who)引导宾语从句，而且在从句中作主语，兼有双重作用，据此，排除A、B、D三项。正确答案为C项。
【答案】　C
单句改错
①No matter who smokes here will be punished.
.
②No matter whose bag is it，it will be kept here until the owner returns.
.
【答案】　①No matter who→Whoever　②is it→it is
一句多译
③不管你有什么问题，来找我好了。(turn to)

【答案】　③No matter what problem you have，turn to me.＝Whatever problem you have，turn to me.
17．pass away 去世，亡故；停止；时间(过去)，消磨时间
When he passed away in 1996，millions of Americans mourned his death.(P5)当他1996年去世的时候，数百万的美国人哀悼他的逝世。
The storm should pass away before dark.
天黑前风暴就会停止了。
The cold wind will pass away within a few days.
冷风在近几天内就会过去。
pass by 经过，走过，逝去
pass sth.down/on 把……传下去
pass...off as...把……冒充为……，假称……是……
pass out 　　　失去知觉，昏迷
　
完成句子
①几个星期过去了，她没给我打电话。
The weeks and she didn't call me.
②这个故事被一代代传了下来。
This story has from generation to generation.
【答案】　①passed by　②been passed down/on
18．I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.(P5)我喜欢喜剧演员会与观众交流。
句中的it是形式宾语，代替的是when引导的宾语从句。
I don't like it when the weather gets really cold.
当天气变得太冷的时候我就不喜欢了。
I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.
我不喜欢人们满口饭时说话。
it作形式宾语的用法：
①like，enjoy，love，hate，dislike，appreciate等表示喜好或厌恶等的动词，后面不能直接接宾语从句，若要跟宾语从句，需跟形式宾语it。
②see to，depend/rely on，lie in等由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，先加形式宾语it，再接that从句。
　I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候我负责把他照顾好。
完成句子
①如果你能给我一些关于解决这些问题的建议，我将感激不尽。
I if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
②你应该相信他会来看你的。
You may that he will come to see you.
【答案】　①would appreciate it　②rely on it

Period ⅢWord power & Grammar and usage
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。
(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够把非谓语动词作主语、宾语、定语和宾语补足语的用法用于平日的写作练习中。
●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是学生学好英语的一种手段，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。
●教学流程设计
→  → 让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第10页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论的结果。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
 ← 老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。 ← 
　　　　　↓
 →
1．in charge负责；主管
The person in charge is the director.(P6)负责的那个人是导演。
Who is the person in charge here？这里谁负责？
He will be in charge(of the whole factory)when Mr.Black is away.布莱克先生不在时，由他主管(全厂)。
in charge of负责；掌管；照料
in the charge of由……负责；由……掌管
take charge of负责；掌管
free of charge＝for free免费
charge sb.with sth.指控某人做了某事
charge sb.(money)for sth.为某事收取某人费用
　 Mary is in charge of the children.
玛丽负责照顾这些孩子。
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.
这项工程是由一位有经验的工人负责的。
Mr.Brown took charge of the company after his father died.布朗先生在他父亲过世后负责掌管该公司。
They charged me 30 yuan for a cup of coffee.
他们一杯咖啡收取我30元钱。
用charge的适当短语填空
①The workshop is a young fellow called Jackson.
②The doctor will give us a lecture.
③He will be sent to a new task.
④The nurse is the patients in the room.
【答案】　①in the charge of　②in charge　③take charge of　④in charge of
2．be supposed to do 理应……；应该……；按理……
If you are an actor，you need to know where your character is supposed to stand on the stage.(P6)如果你是一个演员，你需要知道你所演的那个角色应该站在舞台上的哪个地方。
He is supposed to be there on time.
按理他应该准时到那儿。
We are supposed to help each other.
我们理应彼此帮助。
was/were supposed to do 本应该发生而实际上并未发生
was/were supposed to have done过去本应该发生而实际上未发生
suppose/supposing(that)假定；假如(相当于if)
　 We were supposed to arrive at six.But we are late.
我们本应该6点到达。但是我们迟到了。
He was supposed to have told me about it.
他本应该把这件事告诉我的。
Supposed/Supposing(that)you won lottery，what would you do with the money?
假如你的彩票中了奖，你会怎么处置那笔钱？
【对接高考】
(2011·辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed，Tom？You're to be asleep.
A．supposed　　　　　　B．known
C．thought D．considered
【解析】　句意：汤姆，你不在床上，在做什么？你早该睡着了。be supposed to do“被期望或被要求(按规则，惯例等)做某事。”B项“知道，了解”；C项“认为”；D项“认为，考虑”，均不符合题意。
【答案】　A
完成句子
①You (应该问一下老师)if you want to leave the classroom.
②You (不可以吸烟)in the room.
③Kungfu Panda Ⅱ (被认为是)a very great film.
【答案】　①are supposed to ask your teacher　②aren't supposed to smoke　③is supposed to be
3．occur vi. (occurred，occurring)发生；存在
This means all the action occurs at one time，in one place.(P6)这意味着所有的演出都是发生在同一时间，同一地点。
Many accidents occur in the home.
许多事故是在家里发生的。
Whooping cough occurs mainly in young children.
百日咳多发于幼儿中。
occur to sb.(主意或想法)突然浮现于脑中/被想起(不用被动)
it occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想到做某事
it occurs to sb.that...某人突然想到……
　 The possibility that she might be wrong never occurred to her.她压根儿没想过自己可能会错。
Didn't it occur to you that your husband might be late?
你当时没想到你丈夫也许会迟到吗？
happen/occur/take place
happen
指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”。happen to sb./sth.指不好的事情发生在某人(物)身上。
occur
指“发生”时可与happen换用，但后接to sb./sth.时，两者含义不同；occur to sb./sth.指“某种思想等呈现于某人的知觉中”。
take place
表示“发生”，可与happen或occur换用，但其后面一般不接to sb./sth.结构；指必然会发生的事情时，多用take place；此外take place还可表示“举行某种活动”。
　
用happen/take place/occur的适当形式填空
①He to know the place.
②Didn't it you to phone them about it?
③In 1919，the May 4th Movement in China.
【答案】　①happened　②occur to　③took place
4．You will be expected to be dressed in your costume and waiting in the wings at least one scene before you go on stage.(P7)你应该穿着戏服在舞台的边厢等候至少一幕戏才上台演出。
这是一个复合句，其中before引导时间状语从句，意为“……之后才……”。
Three weeks went by before she realized her mistakes.三周过去了，她才意识到自己的错误。
The big fire lasted for three days before it was put out .大火持续了三天才被扑灭。
①before的基本意思为“在……之前”，但它引导时间状语从句时，中文翻译相当灵活，可表达为多种含义，除“……之后才……”，还有“没来得及就……；不到……就……；……不久就……；趁……；以免……”等。
②before在接时间状语从句时，常见的句型有：It is/will be＋一段时间＋before从句表示“要过多久才……”。
　
翻译句子
①趁你现在没忘请把它记下来。

②七天之后一切就恢复正常了。

【答案】　①Please write it down before you forget it.
②It will be seven days before everything returns to normal.
5．strengthen vt. 加强；增强；巩固
This is because laughter strengthens the heart and the lungs.(P9)这是因为大笑能强健心脏和肺的功能。
Repairs are need to strengthen the bridge.
这座桥需要加固。
The wind had strengthened over－night.夜里风更大了。
strength n. 体力；力气；实力；优势；长处
build up one's strength增强体力(实力)
strengths and weaknesses强项和弱项
　 He lifted the huge stone with all his strength.
他使尽全身力气举起了那块石头。
His greatest strength was his honesty.
诚实是他最大的长处。
【对接高考】
(2012·福建高考)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well，you know，English is my ．So it is my best choice.
A．strength B．talent
C．ability D．skill
【解析】　句意：——你为什么选择去一家国际旅行社工作？——哦，你知道，英语是我的强项。因此，这是我的最佳选择。本题考查名词辨析。strength长处，强项；talent才能；ability能力；skill技能。
【答案】　A
完成句子
①Doing revision is for (加强)memory.
②He hasn't got enough (力气)to lift the stone.
③The wind (增大)last night.
【答案】　①strengthening　②strength　③strengthened
6．participate vi. 参加；参与
As you laugh，the muscles participating in the laugh become active.(P9)当你笑的时候，参与笑的肌肉就变得活跃。
Everyone in this class is expected to participate in the discussion.期望全班的同学都参与讨论。
I don't want to participate in the English party.
我不想参加英语聚会。
①participate in sth./doing sth.参加做某事
②participation n．参加；参与
one's participation in ...某人的参与……
③participant n．参与者
　 We need some volunteers to participate in this project.
我们需要一些义工来参与这项工程。
I'd like to participate in discussion with you.
我想和你一块参加讨论。
participate/take part in/join/attend
participate
指在感情、观念或行为方面与他人共同参加某一活动，常与介词in连用。
take part in
与participate in基本同义，均指参与某种活动并起作用，常可互换使用。
join
作及物动词时指加入某个组织或团体；作不及物动词时，可表示参加某项活动，后接介词in再加宾语。
attend
一般用于指参加会议、出席典礼或招待会等，也可以指上学、听课、听演讲或讲座等。
　
用attend/join/join in/take part in/participate in的适当形式填空
①He our discussion yesterday.
②She was sick，so she didn't her classes.
③He likes to all kinds of outdoor activities actively.
④May I your conversation?
⑤He means to the club.
【答案】　①participated in/took part in/joined in　②attend　③join in/take part in/participate in　④participate in/join in/take part in　⑤join
7．guarantee vt.保证……免受损失或伤害；确保n.保证；保证书
Practising is the only way to guarantee a successful performance.(P9)要确保成功演出，练习是唯一的办法。
The rain guarantees a good harvest this year.
这场雨保证了今年有好收成。
My watch is guaranteed for one year.
我的表保修一年。
He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.他向我保证这种事情绝不会再发生。
guarantee sb.against/from...保证某人免受(损害，危险等)
guarantee to do sth.保证干某事
guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.向某人担保/保证某事
be guaranteed to do sth.必定要做某事
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人保证……
(be) under guarantee在保修期内
　
完成句子
①Buying a train ticket two days ahead of time will (保证你好好休息一下)．
②The car club couldn't (保证满足)the demands of all the members.
③The computer is still (在保修期内)，so you can return it to the shop.
【答案】　①guarantee you a good rest　②guarantee to meet　③under guarantee
单项填空
④Working hard is not only a of great success，but is among the essential requirements.
A．sign B．signal
C．guarantee D．supposition
【解析】　考查名词辨析。句意：努力工作不仅是巨大成功的保证，也是必要条件之一。
【答案】　C
　
非谓语动词作主语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The doctor hasn't allowed you (get) out of bed.
2．He is always the first person (arrive)at the factory.
3．He seemed (know)everything about this matter.
4. I don't think it difficult for Alice (finish) the job in two days.
5. It took my brother three hours (finish) his homework last night.
6. Lucy finished (read) the novel last week.
7．It's a waste of time (argue)with such a person.
8. The book was rather (bore)．
9．Children are fond of (喜爱) (watch) cartoons.
10．I think it's the most (excite) news.
11．Class is over.Thank you for (listen)．
12. When Mary got home, she saw her mom (speak) to a neighbor.
13.They spent a lot of time (swim) during the summer holidays.
14. Let's talk with the lady (sit) at the desk.
15. The girl (call) Cindy is a new student from New York.
16. How long have you been (marry), Mr.Zhang?
17. It took me two weeks to read the novel (write) by Dickens.
18. Miss White showed her students some old maps (borrow) from the library.
【答案】　 1.to get　 2.to arrive 　3.to know　 4.to finish 　5.to finish　 6.reading　 7.arguing　8.boring
9.watching　 10.exciting 　11.listening 　12.speaking
13．swimming　14.sitting　 15.called　 16.married 　 17.written 　18.borrowed

复习非谓语动词(Ⅰ)
一、非谓语动词的基本形式
种类
时态
语态
主动
被动
意义
备注
动词不定式
一般时
to do
to be done
表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后。
进行时
to be doing
表示谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。
完成时
to have
done
to have been
done
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式须用被动形式。
动名词
一般时
doing
being done
表示动作和谓语动作同时发生。
完成时
having done
having been
done
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
主语是动名词所表示的动作的逻辑宾语时，动名词用被动形式。
分
词
现在分词
过去
分词
一般时
doing
being done
表示动作和谓语动作同时发生。
完成时
having done
having been done
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
done
表被动和完成。
表示主动和正在进行或状态。
二、不定式和动名词作主语时的用法要点
不定式
(1)作主语时，特指，表示具体的动作。常用it作形式主语，尤其在口语中。be，cost，make，require，take常用于本句型。
(2)It's＋adj./n.＋(for sb.)＋不定式。其中形容词常描写事物特征。essential，important，impossible，necessary只跟不定式。
(3)It's＋adj./n.＋of＋sb.＋不定式。下列描述逻辑主语特征的形容词careless，clever，considerate，cruel，foolish，good，honest，kind，nice，right，rude，silly，stupid，unwise，wise，wrong常用于本句型。
动名词
(1)作主语时，泛指，表示抽象的概念。
(2)There be no＋动名词。
(3)It's＋adj./n.＋动名词。
(4)No＋动名词：禁止……。
To persevere means victory.坚持就是胜利！
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.
一个人做点好事并不难。
It's no use arguing about it.辩论这事是没有用的。
三、非谓语动词作定语时的用法要点
不定式
与被修饰词之间往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动作之前发生。
动名词
通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的任何关系。
现在分词
与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生。
过去分词
与被修饰词之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在已经完成。
I have a lot of papers to type.我有许多文件要打印。
Shall we go to the swimming pool?
我们去游泳池好吗？
Developed countries are supposed to help developing countries.发达国家应该帮助发展中国家。
四、不定式和动名词作宾语时的用法要点
不定式
常见的只能跟不定式作宾语的及物动词有：afford，agree，ask，attempt，care，choose，decide，demand，desire，determine，expect，fail，hope，learn，manage，offer，plan，pretend，promise，refuse，seek，volunteer，wish等。
动名词
常见的只跟动名词作宾语的及物动词有：admit，advise，allow，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，deny，enjoy，escape，finish，forbid，imagine，keep，mind，miss，permit，postpone，practise，resist，risk，suggest等。
另外，be busy(in)(忙于)，be used to(习惯于)，can't help(禁不住)，feel like(想干)，get down to，give up，have difficulty/trouble(in)，insist on，keep on，look forward to，put off，stick to等词组也要跟动名词作宾语。
不定式/
动名词
常见的既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作宾语的及物动词有：begin，continue，forget，hate，like，love，mean，need，prefer，regret，remember，require，start，try，want等。
We agreed to meet here，but she hasn't turned up yet so far.我们同意在此地见面，但是她到现在还没露面。
We don't allow smoking in the room.
我们不准在这个房间里吸烟。
I'm sorry I forgot to turn off the light.
对不起，我刚才忘了关灯了。
Please don't forget to turn off the light before you leave.在你离开之前，请不要忘了关灯。
五、非谓语动词作宾补时的用法要点
常见动词
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念
不定式
ask，beg，expect，get，order，tell，want，wish，encourage
have，notice，see，watch，hear，feel，let，make
主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经完成。
现在分词
过去分词
notice，see，watch，hear，find，keep，have，feel
主谓关系。强调动作正在进行。
动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调状态。
I heard him call me several times.
我听到他叫我好几次了。
I found her listening to the radio.
我发现她正在听收音机。
We found the village greatly changed.
我们发现这个村子变化很大。
Period ⅣTask & Project

(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)理解课文，掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(3)能够根据课文中所提出的问题发表自己的看法。
(4)掌握电子邮件的写法。
●教学地位
本课时的主要内容是理解Project所提供的两篇关于学生自编自演的两幕喜剧，了解西方文化，品味喜剧语言风格，从中受到愉悦之感；同时要求学生掌握电子邮件的写作方法，因为写电子邮件是高考作文中以及日常生活中常见的一种应用文体。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
问题导入法：Have you ever performed on the stage? Now let's enjoy the following performances named “ The invisible bench” and “ The important papers”．
●教学流程设计
 →  → 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
 ← ←
　　　　　　↓
 →  → 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ↓
 ←  ←
Ⅰ.判断正误(阅读P14－P15课文，判断正误)
1．In Ding Guangquan's classes，students listen to and copy traditional pieces of crosstalk.(　　)
2．If you want to become one of Ding Guangquan's students，you must speak good Putonghua and have an interest in Chinese culture.(　　)
3．Once his students have mastered the skills，they will become well known.(　　)
【答案】　1.F　2.T　3.F
Ⅱ.语篇理解(阅读P14－P15课文，选取最佳答案)
1．In the play The invisible bench，who enters last?
A．Mike　　　　B．Ann　　　　C．Cathy
2．In the play The important papers，what on earth dose the king want?
A．A newspaper B．A magazine C．A roll of toilet paper
3．Where does the king want to go in the play The important papers?
A．To the men's B．To his palace C．To his throne(宝座)
【答案】　1.B　2.C　3.A
1．instruct vt. 教授；传授；指示；命令；告知
He has instructed students from over 70 different countries.(P11)他已教授过来自70多个国家的学生。
①instruct sb.to do sth.命令某人干某事
instruct sb.in sth.在某方面指导某人
as instructed依照；指示
续表　　
②instruction n. [C]命令；说明；操作指南[U]教导；指导
follow/carry out instructions服从指示；执行命令
under one's instruction在某人的指导下
③instructive adj. 有教育意义的；有启发的
　 The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司接到命令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。
All our staff have been instructed in sign language.
我们的员工都受过手语训练。
Everyone in that firm has to carry out the instructions of the boss.那公司里的每个人都必须遵照老板的指示。
Students enjoy the training under the instruction of their coach.在教练的指导下，同学们享受到了训练的乐趣。
【提示】　instruction意为“命令，说明书”时要用复数形式。
完成句子
①She finished all the tasks well (依照；指示)．
②Her uncle (教她法语)when she was young.
【答案】　①as instructed　②instructed her in French
单句改错
③Do read the instruction before you use the machine.

【答案】　③instruction→instructions
2．take on 接纳；雇用；承担；呈现；穿上
In an interview, he told us that he is always happy to take on new foreign students.(P11)在一次采访中，他告诉我们他总是乐意接受外国新生。
The manager will take on a new secretary.
经理打算雇用一个新秘书。
James has taken on a new job.
詹姆斯承担了一项新工作。
take off除去；脱掉；起飞；成功；成名；请假
take in吸收；欺骗；包含
take over接管；占领
take up拿起；占空间；开始从事；继续
take back收回(诺言)；带回
　
完成句子
①Our hometown (呈现一派新面貌)since the reform and opening up.
②We don't plan (接受)any new staff at present.
③You know I gave up medicine and (开始学物理)．
【答案】　①has taken on a new look　②to take on
③took up physics
3．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到
Finally，when Ding Guangquan thinks they have attained enough skills，the foreign students can create crosstalk dialogues with him.(P11)最后，当丁广泉认为他们已经获得足够多的技能时，这些外国学生就能和他创作相声段子了。
The cheetah can attain a speed of 97 kph.
猎豹的奔跑速度每小时可到 97 千米。
After many defeats he attained perfection.
多次失败后，他终于达到了完美境界。
At last he attained to fame.他终于出了名。
attain/obtain/achieve
attain
常指经过不懈努力获得未曾预料的结果；也可指达到某一目标。
obtain
常指通过艰难的过程获得期望已久的东西。
achieve
常指付出很大努力后达到某个目标或得到曾计划得到的东西，尤其指成功、目标、梦想、幸福的获得。
　
用attain/obtain/achieve的适当形式填空
①He finally what he had always wanted.
②More and more women are positions of power in public life.
③In fact，few their dream of becoming rich.
【答案】　①obtained　②attaining　③achieved
4．make room for 为……腾出地方
Of course.(moves over as if to make room for Tony)(P14)当然可以。(挪至一边，仿佛是在给托尼腾地方)
Would you kindly make room for the old lady?
请你为这位老太太腾个地方好吗？
We need to make room for the computer in here.
我们需要在这儿腾出地方放计算机。
【提示】　room作“空间，地方”解时，是不可数名词，相当于space，常和介词for连用。
完成句子
①If the increase of the population of the world is not controlled，there will be only (立足之地)everyone in the world.
②I'd appreciate it if you (为……腾出地方)my children.
【答案】　①standing room for　②make room for
单句改错
③Leave enough rooms between each plant for the roots to grow.

【答案】　③rooms→room
5．invitation n．邀请
Thanks for the invitation.(P14)谢谢邀请。
I can give you a special invitation card.
我会给你一张特别的邀请函。
①at the invitation of sb.应某人邀请
an invitation from sb.来自某人的邀请
receive/accept/send out/refuse an invitation收到/接受/发出/拒绝邀请
②invite　vt.邀请，招待
invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事
　 Lee calls his friends to invite them to his birthday party.李打电话邀请朋友来他的生日聚会。
I refused his invitation to have dinner with his family.
我拒绝了与他家人共进晚餐的邀请。
完成句子
①你想邀请比尔参加我们的万圣节聚会吗？
Do you Bill to our Halloween party?
②真希望有人能邀请我参加化妆舞会。
I wish someone me to a costume party.
③我能不能看看你们的邀请书和去夏威夷的机票？
Can I have a look at your and tickets to Hawaii?
【答案】　①want to invite　②would invite　③invitation letters
6．crowded adj.拥挤的
It got too crowded，so I moved the bench.(P14)变得太拥挤了，所以我将长凳给搬走了。
The robbery occurred in broad daylight，in a crowded street.在拥挤的街道上，光天化日之下竟发生了抢劫。
In the spring the place is crowded with skiers.
春天这地方满是滑雪的人。
be crowded with被……挤满
crowd n．&vt.&vi.人群，大众；拥挤，挤满
a crowd of一群；一伙；一堆
crowds of许多
follow(go with)the crowd随大流；人云亦云
　 There are a large crowd of people in the hall.
大厅里有一大群人。
①The hall was to the doors.
A．interested　　　　B．crowded
C．excited D．moved
【解析】　句意：“大厅里挤满了人，一直挤到门口。”interested感兴趣的；crowded拥挤的；excited感到兴奋的；moved 感动的。由句意可知，选B。
【答案】　B
②Please don't so.Stand back.
A．pass B．collect
C．crowd D．push
【解析】句意：“请不要挤上来。往后站。”pass经过；collect收集；push推；crowd挤满，涌上前。由句意可知，选C。
【答案】　C
7．I must have forgotten to tell you.(P14)我一定是忘记告诉你了。
must have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意为“一定……”。
They must have missed the train.
他们一定没赶上火车。
They must have got lost or they'd be here by now.
他们肯定迷路了，不然他们现在已经到这里了。
I'm sorry she's not here.She must have left already.
抱歉，她不在这儿。她准是走了。
其他的“情态动词＋have done”结构：
can't/couldn't have done是对过去发生的事的否定推测，意为“不可能……”。
needn't have done是指过去没必要做的事却做了，意为“本不必做……”。
should/ought to have done是指过去本该去做而没有做。
might/may have done是指过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。
could have done是指过去本可能做而未做，意为“本来能做……”。
　
完成句子
①The lights were out.They (一定睡觉了)．
②You (一定没有看过)the play last week.
③You (不必开车)here，for it was very near to my home.
④You (早该告诉)her ahead of time.
【答案】　①must have gone to sleep　②can't have seen　③needn't have driven　④should have told
8．tear vt.撕，扯 n．眼泪(多用复数)
(tears the paper in two) I must have my important papers RIGHT NOW！！！(P15)(将纸扯成两半)我必须立刻拿到我的重要的纸！！！
I tore my jeans on the fence.
我的牛仔裤被篱笆扯破了。
He tore his clothes off and dived into the lake.
他把衣服从身上扯下，一头扎进湖中。
tear sth.down拆除(建筑物)
tear sth.into/in pieces/halves把……撕成碎片
tear apart扯开；把……弄乱；使心碎
tear off扯掉
tear sth.open撕开；折开
tear up撕碎；拔起；破坏
　 He tore the letter into pieces.
他把信撕得粉碎。
He was so angry that he his books into pieces.
A．broke B．smashed
C．tore D．cracked
【解析】　句意：他是如此生气以至于他把他的书都撕得粉碎。break意为“打碎”；smash意为“打破；打碎；使粉碎”，这两者只能用于打碎东西，而撕布和纸这样的软东西，用 tear。
【答案】　C
9．burst in突然进入
Servant bursts in, next to Queen, empty－handed and looking worried.(P15)仆人冲上舞台，来到王后身边，两手空空，看起来很着急。
“I don't see why I must not go，”he burst in angrily.
他气愤地插嘴说：“我不明白为什么我不能去。”
burst into＋n.闯入；突然开始(做某事)
burst out crying/laughing/singing＝burst into tears/laughter/songs突然大哭/大笑/唱起来
burst out doing sth.突然开始做……
　 Tom burst into the room and made us shocked.
汤姆突然闯入房间，我们都很吃惊。
I almost burst out laughing when I saw what Xiao Shenyang was wearing.
当我见到小沈阳的穿着时我几乎忍不住大笑起来。
【提示】　burst in 是不及物动词词组，其后不能带宾语。burst into是及物动词词组，其后要带宾语。
单项填空
①The audience waited until the curtain rose and then laughter at the sight of the funny actor.
A．burst out　　　　　　B．burst into
C．broke into D．began with
【解析】　句意：观众们一直等到幕拉起，然后一看到那个滑稽的演员，大家都突然大笑起来。burst into laughter＝burst out laughing，突然大笑起来；break into破门而入；begin with以……开始。
【答案】　B。
用适当的介/副词填空
②She burst tears the moment she got the sad news.
③He was just about to leave when someone burst his room.
④The door opened suddenly and the children burst ．
【答案】　②into　③into　④in
10．glare at对……怒目而视
He glares at Queen(P15)他瞪着王后。
She glared at him and looked quite unhappy.
她双眼直瞪着他，看上去很不高兴。
They glared at each other across the table.
他们隔着桌子互相怒视。
glare/stare/glance
glare
意为“怒目而视”后接介词at。
stare
意为“凝视；吃惊地看；盯着看”，后接介词at或into。
glance
意为“匆匆一瞥”，后接介词at或over。
　
选词填空(glare，stare，glance)
①He at the beggars with mercy.
②They stood there， at the naughty boy.
③He secretly at the pretty girl across the table.
【答案】　①stares/stared　②glaring　③glanced
11．hold out递出；伸出；拿出
Sir？(holds out a roll of toilet paper)(P15)陛下？(拿出一卷卫生纸)
Hold out your right hand.把你的右手伸出来。
He held out his hand and stopped a taxi in front of the cinema.他伸出手在电影院前叫了辆出租车。
hold back 阻拦；隐瞒；抑制
hold on (在困境或危险中)坚持住/挺住；别挂断；等一下
hold on to 抓紧；不放开；保留不卖或不送
hold off 推迟；拖延；阻止；抵挡住
hold up 举起；支撑；延迟；阻塞
　I think he held back some very important information.
我认为他隐瞒了某些非常重要的信息。
They managed to hold on until help arrived.
他们勉强坚持到救援到来。
用hold的适当短语填空
①The boss was unable to his anger any longer.
②I'd that house for the time being，for house prices are rising sharply at the moment.
③They will making their decision until Monday.
④How long will our food supplies ？
⑤There are two large wooden supports that the roof.
【答案】　①hold back　②hold on to　③hold off
④hold out　⑤hold up
如何写电子邮件
本单元的写作项目是有关英文电子邮件方面的内容。其实，写e－mail和写英文信相差不多，主要由称呼、正文和落款三部分构成，写作时要注意以下几点：
1.首先要明确写给谁。不同的收件人，语气不同。写给朋友的可用一些俚语或缩写词语，但正式的邮件就不能用俚语或缩写词语。像高考中的书面表达题，就是正规的写作，就不能用俚语或缩写词语。
2.写电子邮件要直接，并多用短句，使意思清楚，当然，对重点部分要作详细介绍。像高考试题中要求写的电子邮件，就必须根据(汉语或图画)提示，将要点写全，并注意语言的运用。也就是说，应把它作为一个小作文来对待，而不是像我们平时给朋友发的邮件，不讲章法。
3.称呼。根据你与收件人的关系亲近与否，你可能选择使用他们的姓氏来称呼他们而不是直呼其名，例如“Dear Mrs.Price”。如果关系比较亲密的话，你就可以说“Hi，Kelly”。
4.感谢收件人。如果你在回复客户的询问，你应该以感谢开头。例如，如果有客户想了解你的公司，你就可以说，“Thank you for contacting ABC Company.”。如果此人已经回复过你的一封邮件了，那就一定要说，“Thank you for your prompt reply.”或是“Thanks for getting back to me.”这样对方就会感到比较舒服，而且显得你更礼貌。
5.表明你的意图。如果是你主动写电子邮件给别人的话，那就不可能再写什么感谢的词句了，那就以你写此邮件的目的开头。例如，“I am writing to enquire about...”或是“I am writing in reference to...”，在电子邮件开头澄清你的意图非常重要，这样才能更好地引出邮件的主要内容。记得要注意语法、拼写和标点符号，保持句子简短明了，句意要前后一致。
6.结束语。在你结束邮件之前，再次感谢收件人并加上些礼貌语结尾。你可以说“Thank you for your patience and cooperation.”或“Thank you for your consideration.”，也可以说“If you have any questions or concerns，don't hesitate to let me know.”及“I look forward to hearing from you.”。
7.结尾。最后是写上合适的结尾并附上你的名字，“Best regards”，“Sincerely”，“Thank you”，“Best wishes”或“Cheers” 类的词常用在非正式的私人邮件中。落款用Yours sincerely，×××。最后，在你发送邮件之前，最好再读一遍并检查其中有没有拼写错误，这样就能保证你发出的是一封真正完美的邮件！
加拿大高中生David在互联网上登出启事(notice)，希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。假设你是光明中学的李华，你看到了这则启事，请用英文给David发一封电子邮件，词数120左右，主要内容包括：
1.你是怎样得知他的愿望的；
2.你愿意成为他的朋友；
3.你打算如何帮助他；
4.你期待着他的回复。
[思路分析]
本文为电子邮件，使用第一人称。文章中的时态应用一般现在时态。
[词汇热身]
1．在网上
2．学习中国的语言和文化
3．自我介绍
4．网上聊天
5．保持联系
【答案】　1.on the Internet　2.learn the Chinese language and culture　3.introduce myself to you　4.chat online
5．keep in touch with
[句式温习]
1．很高兴在网上看到这则启事。
I am glad to read your notice ．
2．我了解到你为了学习中国的语言和文化想交一位中国朋友。
I know you want to make a Chinese friend in order to ．
3．我可以通过寄电子邮件帮你了解中国。
I can help you to know about China ．
4．我们可在网上用汉语或者英语聊天。
We can in Chinese or English.
5．希望我们彼此之间能常保持联系。
I hope we can each other.
【答案】　1.on the Internet　2.learn the Chinese language and culture　3.by sending e－mails　4.chat online
5．keep in touch with
[连句成篇]




[参考范文]
David，
I am Li Hua.I am glad to read your notice on the Internet and I know you want to make friends with a Chinese in order to learn the Chinese language and culture.I want to be your friend.Now I'd like to introduce myself to you.I was born in 1996.I'm studying in Guangming High school.English is one of my favourite subjects and I am good at it.
I think I can help you to know about China by sending e－mails.What's more，we can chat online in Chinese or English，and I'll tell you the customs，the festivals，the foods of the Chinese.If it is convenient to you，please come to China for a visit.I will show you around many places of interest.I hope we can keep in touch with each other.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，　
Li Hua　
Ⅰ.立体式复习单词
A．基础单词
1． n．阶段；舞台；戏剧；驿站
2． vt.&vi.取笑，戏弄
3． adj.以前的；早先的
4． vt.&vi.表现；守规矩；举止端庄
5． v．悼念；忧伤
6． n．健康；适当；适合性
7． vi.参加，参与
8． adj.积极的；确定的；正面的
9． adj.消极的；否定的
10． v．&n.保证；担保；担保人
11． vt.&vi.磨光；使发亮
12． adj.拥挤的；挤满人群的
13． vt.达到；实现；获得
14． vt.&n.撕，扯；眼泪
15． vt.指导；通知；命令；教授
【答案】　1.stage 　2.tease　3.previous 　4.behave
5．mourn　6.fitness　7.participate　8.positive　9.negative　10.guarantee　11.polish　12.crowded　13.attain
14．tear　15.instruct
B．词汇派生
16． n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→ adj.各种各样的→ vt.&vi.改变，变化
17. vt.&vi.演出；表演；做；工作；运转；履行→ n．表演，演出；表现； 业绩→ n．演员，表演者
18. vt.逗笑； 逗乐； 提供(消遣); (使)娱乐→ adj.被逗乐的→ adj.令人发笑的→ n. 愉快，开心
19． n．喜爱；感情；影响；感染→ vt.&vi.喜欢；影响；感染；感动
20． vt.加强；巩固→ adj.强壮的→ n．力量；力气；长处
21． n．愚蠢→ adj.愚蠢的，傻的→ vt.&vi.&n.欺骗；愚弄；开玩笑；傻瓜
【答案】　16.variety；various；vary 　17.perform；performance；performer　 18.amuse；amused；amusing；amusement　 19.affection；affect　 20.strengthen；strong；strength　 21.foolishness；foolish；fool
Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语
A．短语互译
1． come up with
2． take on
3． drive away
4． make room for
5． pass away
6． 取笑，嘲笑
7． 深爱
8． 突然出现
9． 坚持；伸出；维持
10． 坚持；支持；拥护
【答案】　1.提出；想出　2.接纳；承担；呈现 　3.把车开走；赶走　4.为……腾出地方　5.去世，逝世　6.make fun of　7.have affection for　8.burst in　9.hold out 　10. stand up for
B．用上面词组的适当形式完成下列句子
11. The scientists are beating their brains trying to a solution to the problem.
12. After we put up Christmas decorations, the classroom a holiday appearance.
13．A warm shower at the end of a busy day can always our feeling of anxiety.
14. Half the houses in the street are being pulled down to a new post office.
15. We are sorry to hear that Wu Bin, an experienced driver， in the accident.
16. People enjoy the clothes I wear, though they seem all right to me.
17. Han Geng is such a handsome singer that many girls him.
18. The robbers with guns pointing at the bank clerk.
19. We will stay in the mountains as long as our supplies ．
20. I believe you are innocent and I will you anywhere.
【答案】　 11.come up with　 12.took on 　13.drive away
14．make room for 　15.passed away　16.making fun of
17.have affection for 　 18.burst in 　 19.hold out
20.stand up for
Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型
1. He says it is because when he started practising stand－up as a child, he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror, brushing his teeth.
【句式仿写】①这是因为他没有认识到自己的错误。

②做作业时你不应该听音乐。

2. I like it when the comedian talks to people in the audience.
【句式仿写】我喜欢住在宁静乡村的时光。

3. The next time you feel upset or disappointed, do not worry.
【句式仿写】下次需要建议时来找我。

4. It's hard work, but it's worth it, because you can see the audience enjoyingwhatever you say.
【句式仿写】不管我建议什么他都不同意。

5. I must have forgotten to tell you.
【句式仿写】你一定说了什么让他不高兴的话。

【答案】　1.①It is because he didn't realize his own fault.②While doing your homework, you shouldn't listen to music　2.I like it when I lived in the peaceful country.　3.The next time you need advice, come and see me.
4．Whatever I s