【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语译林版选修六教师用书Unit 3　Understanding each other

Unit 3　Understanding each other
【美文阅读】　
Relationship with your parents
你和父母的关系怎么样？有时候会不会觉得父母总是无法理解自己的感受，而自己也不知道如何跟他们沟通呢？看看下面这篇文章是否会对你有所帮助。
As teenagers, the most important thing is to respect your parents for who they are, and what they have done for you.If you complete your daily chores(家务杂事) on time, you will realize your parents don't nag (唠叨) you so much any more! Do not do something that your parents have ordered you not to do.There must be a good reason why they feel you should not do a particular thing.If you don't agree with them, explain your point of view and reason it out.
As you enter your mid－teens, you will realize you want to be independent, from choosing what to eat for breakfast, to buying your clothes, and making new friends.This change is going to cause a clash (冲突) between you and your parents.Keep in mind that parents will not agree to your decisions right away.You will feel you have controlling parents, and that there is no way out of this situation.To avoid further conflict, talk to them and hear them out.It's the best way to resolve (解决) a lot of problems.It might take some time for your parents to realize that their little kid is growing up and has had his / her own opinions.
If you behave sensibly (明智地) and maturely (成熟地), it will make your parents see you in an entirely new light as responsible young adults, and you would not have much to worry about keeping a strong relationship with them.
【诱思导学】
1. Do you like talking with your parents heart to heart and why?

2. As you enter your mid－teens, why do you often have a clash with your parents?

3．To avoid further conflict with your parents, what should you do according to the above passage?

【答案】　1.Yes, because talking with them can make me much wiser./because what they said to me will do me good in the future./No, because there's always a gap between us, we often misunderstand each other./because they are controlling parents and they often nag so much.
2．Because I want to be independent and I like to do whatever I like.
3．Talk to them and hear them out, which is the best way to resolve the problems.Give our parents some time to realize their children are growing up and they have had their own opinions.

Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本单元介绍了不同国家的文化习俗之间的差异，有利于学生了解外国文化，增强世界意识，更好的相互理解。正如新课程标准中的教学建议所提：英语学习不只体现在文字语言上，更要拓展学生的文化视野，发展他们跨文化交际的意识和能力；同时本课时的教学对教师本身的文化修养、知识面等方面有非常高的要求，体现了师生共同不断更新知识结构以适应现代社会发展对英语课程的要求“与时俱进”的理念和思想。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
(1)Telling a story about my personal experience.(讲故事的内容与本堂课的主题相关联)
(2) Using body language or gesture to show the culture difference.(用各种身体语言或手势来导出文化区别)
●教学流程设计
 →  → 
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 ←  ← 让学生快速阅读课文，(见课本第34 － 35页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第42页)。
　　　　　　　↓
 → 学生再次仔细阅读课文，(课本第34 －35 页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第42页)。 → 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ↓
 ←← 
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Ⅰ.篇章结构
【答案】　1.present　2.festival　3.accents　4.bridegroom　5.bride　6.alcohol　7.reception/ceremony
8．thumb　9.Korea　10.part
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P34－35的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案。
1． ，it is rude not to open a present when someone gives you one.
A．In the West
B．In the Middle East
C．In China
2．If a man joins in a wedding reception in Brunei，he has to ．
A．sit with the bride
B．sit with the bridegroom and the other men
C．stand all the time
3．What surprised Peter about the wedding ceremony in Korea?
A．The guest little sleep throughout the night at the wedding ceremony.
B．They had a live hen and a rooster as a part of the wedding ceremony.
C．The way they open the present.
4．If you attend a wedding ceremony in Brunei，chances are that you can't drink ．
A．tea　　　　B．soft drinks　　　　C．alcohol
5．According to the passage，if you come to ，you will have to take off your shoes before entering someone's house.
A．Brunei　　B．China　　C．the countryside in China
【答案】　1.A　2.B　3.B　4.C　5.A
Ⅲ.课文缩写
Ma Li has to do her homework on cultural 1. ， so she has gone to the student centre to find 2. for her homework.There are different 3. in the West and the East when they get presents.Westerners like to open them as soon as they get them.When it comes to wedding traditions, there are also differences.
In Korea, it is believed that roosters can drive bad spirits away from the wedding 4. ， and hens can ensure good luck for the 5. ．In Brunei, at wedding 6. men and women have to sit in 7. areas— the men with the bridegroom, and the women with the bride.What's more, if you go to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes 8. going into someone's house.
There are sometimes great cultural differences even between 9. English speakers.The British 10. Bonfire Night every year, while many Americans are not familiar with the festival.
【答案】　 1.differences　 2. information 　3. reactions　4.ceremony　5. marriage　6. receptions　7. separate 　8.before　9. native　 10. celebrate
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．ensure 　　 A．to allow sb.to do or have sth.
2．congratulate B．to change to suit a particular or new conditions
3．permit C. to make sth.certain to happen
4．prohibit D．to say sth.to sb.or sth.is greeted
5．adjust E．a joyful occasion for something good has happened
6．accustomed F．to forbid sth.by law or by a role
7．familiar G. in the habit of or adapted to sth.
8．celebration H．well－known or easily recognized
【答案】　 1.C　 2.D　 3.A　4.F　5.B　 6.G　 7.H　 8.E
Ⅱ.短语填空
do without, take off，adjust to, get accustomed to, be familiar with, after all，on the other hand, have nothing in common
1．When I suddenly stepped into the dark cave, it took me a few minutes to the darkness.
2．Though having lived in the city for years, I still didn't its rapid pace.
3．They are brothers, but they ．
4．I'm new and I not the rules in this school.
5．I'd like a job which pays more, but ， I really enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment.
6．When I came back, he asked me to my wet shoes and sit by the fire.
7．—I like bread with butter.
—But there is none left at home.I'm afraid that you have to it.
8． , no one knows me better than me.
【答案】　 1.adjust to 　2.get accustomed to 　3.have nothing in common 　4.am; familiar with　5.on the other hand 　6.take off　 7.do without　 8.After all
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
看新来的外教努力适应这个动作是很有趣的。
2．Another thing is, if you came to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone's house.
还有一件事是，如果你来到文莱，进别人的房子之前得脱鞋。
3．Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.
很多外国人很难适应这种做法。
4．But what is really interesting is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers.
但很有趣的事是即使以英语作为母语的人之间有时也存在文化差异。
5．Well，it's time for me to go.
好了，我该走了。
Period ⅡWelcome to the Unit & Reading
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，与此同时通过课文更加熟练地运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的学习，让学生能够了解并掌握一些关于文化差异的问题，能读懂有关文化差异的文章，借以提高学生的阅读理解能力。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
“What do you usually do when you receive a gift？”开门见山，引出主题。
●教学流程设计
 →  → 让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第43页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论的结果。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
 ← 老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。 ← 
　　　　　　↓
 → 
1．greet vt.和(某人)打招呼；欢迎；迎接
In Thailand，people greet each other by putting their hands together and bowing.(P33)在泰国，人们通过双手合十并鞠躬的方式来互相打招呼。
Mr.John got up from behind his desk to greet me.
约翰先生从桌后站起来迎接我。
She greeted us with a smile.
她微笑着向我们打招呼。
greeting n．问候；招呼；迎接；(复数)祝词
greeting card 贺卡
She waved a friendly greeting.
她友好地挥手示意。
They exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch.
他们相互致意后便坐下吃午饭。
【提示】　
greet意为“问候，致意，打招呼，迎接”。作此意思时，通常可用作及物动词，句中的主语及宾语为人。
完成句子
①The girl ( 笑脸迎接我们) when we arrived.
②A sweet smell (扑鼻)．
③Please (代我问好) to your mother.
【答案】　①greeted us with a smile　②greets the nose
③send my greetings
2．Roosters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony，and hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.(P34)人们期望公鸡能够驱走婚礼庆典上的一些不好的灵魂，并且认为母鸡能够确保婚姻的好运。
(1)be supposed to do sth.被期望做某事；应该做某事
You are supposed to know the law.
你应该懂得这项法律。
I thought we were supposed to be paid today.
我认为我们今天会领到薪水。
①suppose vt.料想；猜想；假定；假设conj.假定；假设
②supposing conj.假定；假设
Suppose flights are fully booked that day—which other day could we go?
假定那天的航班都订满了——我们还可以在哪天走呢？
【提示】　
suppose或supposing可以引导条件状语从句，其后省去了that，相当于if引导的条件句。类似的还有providing和provided。
【对接高考】
(2011·辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed，Tom？Your're to be asleep?
A．supposed　　　　　 B．known
C．thought D．considered
【解析】　句意：你不睡觉在干什么，汤姆？你应该睡觉。be supposed to do sth.意为：(按规则，惯例等)应该做某事。
【答案】　A
用suppose的适当形式填空
①She him(to be)very rich.
② it rains，what will you do then?
【答案】
①supposed/had supposed　②Suppose/Supposing
(2)ensure vt.确保；保证
All the necessary steps have been taken to ensure their safety.
已采取所有必要措施以确保他们的安全。
This medicine will ensure you a good night's sleep.
这药将保证你一晚睡眠良好。
ensure sb.sth　　　　确保某人某事
ensure one's doing sth. 保证某人做某事
ensure sb.against 保护某人免于……
ensure/guarantee
ensure
指某行为或某事的结果能得以保证，也指使某人不遭受伤害。
guarantee
指保证产品质量或保证某项服务的履行，也可指对人的行为或义务负责，承担不幸事件的后果。
【教师备课资源】
①be sure 的主要搭配有：
be sure that 确信
be sure of/about 确信
be sure to do 必定
make sure 确定；确保；弄清楚
②surely adv.一定；确实；当然；不成问题
I am sure that I put the money in the box.
我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
I hope you are sure of your facts.
我希望你能确定你说的都是事实。
用ensure和guarantee的适当形式填空
③I can't you a good post.
④They the watch for 3 years.
⑤His insurance him against money loss in case of fire.
⑥The engineers have used special methods to the bridge against danger from high winds.
【答案】　③ensure　④guarantee　⑤guaranteed　⑥ensure
3．congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺
During the ceremony，the hen laid an egg，and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.(P34)在仪式期间，那只母鸡下了一个蛋，于是所有人都祝贺新婚夫妇，因为那被认为是非常幸运的。
I will congratulate you on your success.
我预祝你成功。
You can congratulate yourself on/upon having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
①congratulate sb.on/upon　 sth.就某事祝贺某人
②congratulations n. 祝贺，贺词
Congratulations (on sth.)! 祝贺(某事)!
　We must telephone our congratulations to the happy new couple.
我们得给那对幸福的新婚夫妇打个电话表示祝贺。
【提示】　
congratulation n．祝贺，庆祝。
表示“祝贺；贺词”(含义较具体)时，一般用复数形式，表示祝贺的原因时用介词on; 表示抽象意义的“祝贺”或“贺喜”时，一般为不可数名词。
congratulate/celebrate
意义
用法
congratulate
指以向他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。
后跟人作宾语，且介词on后跟表示成功、成就、幸运、生日等词。
celebrate
通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。
后跟表示节日或某件事情的名词作宾语。
　
选词填空(用congratulate/celebrate的适当形式填空)
①We went to the church to Chrismas Eve.
②Let me you on winning the first prize in the writing composition.
③She was on what she had achieved.
④We had a party to parents' silver wedding.
【答案】①celebrate　②congratulate　③congratulated　④celebrate
4．permit vt.& vi.允许，准许； n．许可证
Another difference is that while we serve food，soft drinks，tea and coffee，alcohol is not permitted at the wedding reception—in fact，alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.(P34)另一点不同的是虽然在婚礼招待会上我们提供食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但不允许有酒——事实上，在文莱，酒是完全被禁止的。
We do not permit smoking in the office.
我们不允许在办公室里抽烟。
Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.
参观者不允许拍照。
①permit sb.sth.允许某人某事
permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
permit doing sth.允许做某事
②permission n．允许，许可
with/without one's permission征得/未经某人允许
No person shall enter the area without official permission.没有官方的许可任何人不能进入这个地区。
【对接高考】
(2011·天津高考)Passengers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A．to carry　　　　　　B．carrying
C．to be carried D．being carried
【解析】　考查permit的固定搭配，be permitted to do sth.(被允许做某事)的用法。
【答案】　A
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Smoking is only (permit)in the public lounge.
②Visitors are not permitted (take)photographs.
③My parents didn't permit my (go)with you.
④The rules of the club do not permit (smoke)．
【答案】　①permitted　②to take　③going　④smoking
5．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止
Smoking is strictly prohibited in the process of handing explosive materials.
在处理易爆物时，严格禁止吸烟。
The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport.
昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。
①prohibit (sb.'s)doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事
prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事
②prohibition n．禁止；禁令
　
prohibit/ban/forbid
prohibit
强调以法律、官方行政手段，或规章制度的形式加以禁止。常用搭配为prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth.
ban
指由于法律或社会压力而禁止，有谴责或不赞成的意味。常用搭配为ban...from sth./doing sth.
forbid
较常用，可以是个人，也可以是国家、政府机关作出的规定和准则。常用搭配为forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth.
My father forbade me to watch TV.
＝My father forbade my watching TV.
我父亲不准我看电视。
用ban，forbid或prohibit的适当形式填空
①After the accident，he was from driving alone.
②Our school us to bring cellphones to school.
③The law the tobacco from being sold freely.
【答案】　①banned　②forbids　③prohibits
6．throughout prep.&adv.遍及；贯穿；自始至终
That's because we play loud drums to celebrate the wedding for hours afterwards，and sometimes even throughout the night.(P34－35)因为我们连续好几个小时敲鼓庆祝婚礼，有时候甚至通宵！
She remained cheerful throughout the trip.
旅行中她始终兴致勃勃。
It snowed throughout the night.
雪整整下了一夜。
The girl remained silent throughout.
那女孩始终保持沉默。
throughout the day 终日，整天
throughout one's life毕生，整个一生中
throughout the country全国
throughout/all over/all through
三者都有“遍及，贯穿”之意，但在用法上有所不同。
throughout
作介词，接表示时间或地点的名词，意思是“在整个期间”、“从一端至另一端”、“在整个地区”。
all over
意为“在(遍及)……的各部分”，只接表示地点名词。all over作副词时，意思为“到处都是，全部结束”。
all through
意思为“在整个……期间”，后面接表示时间的名词。
　
用throughout，all over或all through填空
①The news spread the country.
②It rained the night.
③The boy remained silent ．
【答案】　①throughout/all over　②throughout/all through　③throughout
7．offence n．冒犯；侮辱；违法行为；犯罪
However，in Brunei that can cause offence，so we use our thumb to point.(P35)然而，在文莱这样做会冒犯别人，因此我们用拇指来指东西。
Drunk driving is a serious offence.
醉酒驾驶属严重违例。The problem was how to get rid of her without causing offence.
问题是怎么摆脱她而又不得罪她。
①cause/give offence得罪；使伤感情
mean no offence并无冒犯之意；不要见怪
no offence请别见怪
②offend v．冒犯；使生气；令……反感
offend against有悖于……
The teacher will be if you don't finish your homework.
A．disturbed B．offended
C．defended D．reminded
【解析】　句意：“假如你没有完成家庭作业，老师会生气的”。offend意为“冒犯”，作动词，此处应用过去分词。disturb意为“打扰”，defend意为“防御”，remind意为“提醒”，均不符合题意，故选B。
【答案】　B
8．adjust vi.& vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节
It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.(P35)看新来的外教努力适应这个动作是很有趣的。
The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.这些桌椅可以调整以适应孩子的身高。
He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他很快适应了这个国家炎热的天气。
①adjust oneself to 使自己适应
adjust sth.to sth.依据某事调整某事
②adjustment n．调节；适应
make an adjustment to...适应
③adjustable adj.可调节的
【提示】adjust (oneself)to中的to为介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
完成句子
①I the brakes of my bicycle (请人调整)yesterday.
②It took several seconds for his eyes (去适应黑暗)．
③She soon (使自己适应)his way of life.
【答案】　 ①had；adjusted　②to adjust to the dark
③adjusted herself to
9．take off (飞机)起飞；(事业等)腾飞/起步；匆忙/突然离去；除掉/脱下(衣物等)；调离；取消；(观念、产品等)大受欢迎
...you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone's house.(P35)……进入人家房子之前，你应把鞋子脱掉。
The plane took off despite the fog.
尽管有雾，飞机照常起飞了。
When he saw the police coming，he took off in the opposite direction.
他一看见警察来了，转身向反方向就溜了。
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗
take away 解除；拿走
take back 收回；使记起
take on 呈现；具有；开始雇用；承担；从事
take over 接收；接管；承袭
Don't be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.
不要被那些声称能在一周内帮你减肥的药品给骗了。
I can't take on any extra work.
我不能承担任何额外的工作。
【对接高考】　
(2011·陕西高考)Some insects the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A．take in B．take off
C．take on D．take out
【解析】　take in 意为“吸收，欺骗”；take off意为“脱下，起飞”；take on意为“呈现，雇佣”；take out意为“掏出”。根据句意“一些昆虫呈现出环境的颜色去保护它们自己”，故选C。
【答案】　C
写出下列句中take off的含义
①I wish you'd take off that beard.
②The officer leading the inquiry has been taken off the case.
③The bus to Huangshan at 7：00 will be taken off because of the bad weather.
④Sales of home computers have taken off in recent years.
【答案】　①剃掉　②调离　③取消　④上升
10．Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.(P35)许多外国人很难适应这种做法。
(1)have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有麻烦
I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends.
我对你不善于交朋友感到遗憾。
We had much trouble persuading her to leave.
我们费了很大劲说服她离开。
have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.
做某事有麻烦/困难
have a problem/problems (in) doing sth.
做某事有困难/问题
have trouble with sb./sth.
在……方面有麻烦；与……之间有麻烦
have difficulty/difficulties with sth.
在……方面有困难/麻烦
【提示】
在“做某事有困难”结构中，trouble和difficulty意为“困难，麻烦”，是不可数名词，不和不定冠词a/an连用，但可以用any ，little，much，no，some等来修饰，problem是可数名词。
【对接高考】　
(2012·上海高考)When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble the right things to say.
A．thinking of B．to think of
C．thought of D．think of
【解析】　句意：Peter在公共场合讲话时，总难找到合 适的话语。have trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth.是常用结构，故答案为A项。
【答案】　A
单项填空
①He has some trouble his classmates，but he has no difficulty doing his lessons.
A．with；with B．in；in
C．with；in D．in；with
【解析】　have trouble with后面接名词或代词，而have difficulty in后面常接doing。
【答案】　C
(2)accustomed adj.通常的；习惯的
①be accustomed to习惯于(表示状态)
become/get accustomed to习惯于(非延续性动作)
②unaccustomed adj.不习惯的
③accustom vt.(与介词to连用)使习惯于……；
使适应……
accustom oneself/sb.to doing
使自己/某人习惯于；养成……的习惯
I am not accustomed to getting up so early.
我不习惯这么早起床。
My eyes slowly got accustomed to the dark.
我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。
用accustom的正确形式填空
②We had to get the new working conditions.
③You'll have to yourself to the new conditions.
④She found it necessary to her child to getting up early.
【答案】　②accustomed to　③accustom　④accustom
单项填空
⑤ the steep mountains，he had no difficulty reaching the top.
A．Having accustomed to climb
B．Having accustomed to climbing
C．Accustomed to climb
D．Accustomed to climbing
【解析】　这个题目考现在分词，过去分词作状语的区别以及accustom的用法。习惯做某事，应该是be accustomed to doing sth.，句意：由于习惯了攀登陡峭的山峰，他到达顶峰不费吹灰之力。
【答案】　D
11．But what is really interesting is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers.(P35)但很有趣的是即使在以英语作为母语的人之间有时也存在文化差异。
句中what引导主语从句，连接代词what引导从句的同时，又在句中作主语；谓语动词is后面是that引导的表语从句。从句中不缺句子成分。因此用从属连词that。这是that和what引导名词性从句时的本质区别。
What I want to say is that we'll work together for half a year.
我要说的是我们将在一起工作半年的时间。
【对接高考】
(2012·上海高考)—We're only got this small bookcase.Will that do?
—No， I'm looking for is something much bigger than stronger.
A．who B．that
C．what D．which
【解析】　句意：——我们只搞到了这个小书柜，行吗？——不行，我要找的比这个大而结实得多。考查主语从句。从句中缺少动词短语look for的宾语，且指物，故选C项。
【答案】　C
翻译句子
①学英语重要的一点是要经常练习讲英语。

②最让我感到吃惊的是他居然会讲法语。

【答案】　①What is important in learning English is that you should practice speaking it very often.
②What surprised me most was that he should speak French.
12．be familiar with通晓；熟悉
For example，I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night，but my American friends are not familiar with that particular festival.(P35)我有童年时篝火节的温馨回忆，但我的美国朋友对那个特别的节日竟然不太了解。
He is more familiar with modern music than I.
他比我更熟悉现代音乐。
Are you familiar with the computer software they use?
你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？
,
x(be familiar to sb.对于某人是熟悉的),
)
This nursery rhyme is very familiar to me.
＝I am very familiar with this nursery rhyme.
我对这首儿歌很熟悉。
单项填空
①His face looks ， but I can't remember where I've met him.
A．familiar B．alike
C．similar D．popular
【解析】　句意：他看起来很面熟，但我不知道在哪里见过他。
【答案】　A
完成句子
②I (熟悉)every corner of the town.
③The Great Wall (为……所知)everyone in China.
【答案】　②am familiar with　③is familiar to
13．celebration n．庆典；庆祝
Oh，it's a celebration that takes place on November 5th every year.(P35)哦，这是一个每年11月5日举行的庆典活动。
I don't feel like getting involved in any New Year's celebration.我不想参加任何新年的庆祝活动。
Such a piece of good news deserves a celebration.
这么好的消息值得庆祝一下。
have/hold a celebration举行庆祝
in celebration of庆祝
They held a celebration for the successful performance, with a new film to finish up with.为演出成功，他们举行了一个庆祝会，最后放映了一部新电影。
He didn't know what Thanksgiving Day was held
.
A．in need of B．in favor of
C．in place of D．in celebration of
【解析】　句意：他不知道举行感恩节是庆祝什么的。in celebration of “庆祝”；in need of “需要”；in favor of “支持，赞同”；in place of “代替”。
【答案】　D
14．Well，it's time for me to go．(P35)好了，我该走了。
it's time for me to go属于“It's time (for sb.)＋不定式”句型，该句型表示“某人该做……了”。该句型的同义表达为“It's (high/about)time that sb.should do/did sth.”。
In my opinion，it's time for us to buy some new computers.在我看来，我们该买一些新电脑了。
It's about time that we studied/should study hard.
到了我们该努力学习的时候了。
【对接高考】
(2012·辽宁高考)Jack ia a great talker.It's high time that he something instead of just talking.
A．will do B．has done
C．do D．did
【解析】　句意：Jack是一个很喜欢说大话的人。到了他做点事情，而不是只讲大话的时候了。本题考查It's high time that 句型，后面句子的谓语动词要用should do或did 形式。
【答案】　D
完成句子
我该回家了。
①It's time I
②It's time I
③It's time
【答案】　①went home　②should go home　③for me to go home
15．after all毕竟；终究；结果
After all, learning about cultural differences is a good way to understand more about each other.(P35)了解文化差异毕竟是增进相互理解的一条好途径。
After all, no pains, no gains.
毕竟，不努力，就没有收获。
They decided to go to travel by plane after all.
他们终究还是决定乘飞机去旅行。
【提示】　
①after all作“毕竟”讲时，含有“别忘了”之意，用以引出听话人似乎忘记了某个重要论点或情况。此时，after all常放在句首，也可放在句中，作句子的状语。
②after all作“毕竟，终究”讲时，表示“追根究底得到的结论”，相当于副词作状语，置于句末。
After all，he's only 6 years old.
别忘了，他才6岁啊。
I thought I was going to fail the exam，but I passed after all.我原以为这一次考试不会及格了，可我毕竟还是及格了。
first of all首先
in all总共；总计
above all首先；首要；尤其是(强调重要性)
all in all总的来说
at all究竟；到底(用于否定句或疑问句中，加强语气)
First of all, you should know what profession suits you.首先，你该知道什么职业适合你。
Above all, you must be independent.
最重要的是，你必须独立。
【提示】　
first of all意为“首先”，强调次序。above all 意为“最重要的是；尤其是”，强调要引起特别注意。
①People may have different opinions about Karen，but I admire her. ，she is a great musician.
A．As a result B．After all
C．In other words D．As usual
【解析】　根据语境，用after all“毕竟，终究”。
【答案】　B
②(2012·定远高二检测)Why are they so anxious？It isn't their problem ．
A．on purpose B．in all
C．on time D．after all
【解析】　A项on purpose 表示“故意”；B项in all表示“总计，总共”；C项on time表示“按时”；D项after all表示“毕竟，终究，别忘了”。
【答案】　D
16．do without设法对付过去；没有……也行
...while in Britain if personal fireworks are not permitted people will just do without.(P37)……而在英国如果禁止个人进行焰火表演，人们只好将就了。
There's no more milk，so I guess we'll just have to do without.
没牛奶了，所以我想我们只好将就了。
You'll have to do without your dinner if you don't get back in time.
你如果不及时回来就吃不了饭了。
【提示】　
do without 后既可以带宾语也可以不带宾语。
I can sugar in my coffee sometimes.
A．do without B．do with
C．deal with D．handle with
【解析】　句意：我有时可以将就着喝没有加糖的咖啡。do without“将就，设法对付过去”，符合题意。
【答案】　A
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Period ⅢWord power & Grammar and usage
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。
(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够把if引导的虚拟条件句用于平日的写作练习中。
●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是学生学好英语的一种手段，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。
●教学流程设计
 →  → 让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第50页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论的结果。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
 ← 老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。 ← 
　　　　　　↓
 →→ 
1．One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.(P38)英语中有这么多法语单词是由于法国人统治了英国很多年。
reason后why引导定语从句，此处也可用that或省略，另外，place, time, way等作先行词时，关系词作状语时可用关系副词，也可用that或省略；本句后面的that引导表语从句，说明reason的具体内容。
The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.
由于他的级别太低，因此他不能去那里。
The reason why I'm late is that I missed the bus.
我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。
the reason作主语时，其后的表语从句常用that引导。句型：The reason why...is that...的变化形式有：The reason for...is that.../The reason(why)．..is to do...
注意另外两个句型：
That is because...“那是由于……”
That is why...“那就是……的原因”
　 He is absent.That is because he is ill.
He is ill.That is why he is absent.
由于生病，他缺席了。
完成句子
①她之所以缺席是因为她病了。
her absence she was ill.
②我打电话是想问问周六的计划。
I called about the plans for Saturday.
【答案】　①The reason for；was that　②The reason；was to ask/was that I wanted to ask
2．be connected with与……有关系
Many of these words are connected with food or eating.(P38)这些单词中，很多都与食物和吃有关。
Good health is connected with diet.
健康与饮食是相关连的。
①connect vt.&vi.连接；联系；关联
connect...to/with...把……和……联系起来/连接起来
connect with衔接；与……有联系
②connection n．联系；关系
have a connection with与……有关系
have no connection with/to与……无关系
in connection with关于；与……有关
make a connection with与……建立关系，使与……有关系
　 Please connect me to Room 202.请接202房。
Tell me all you know in connection with that matter.
把你知道的关于那件事的所有情况都告诉我。
Williams apparently has no connection to the case.
威廉姆斯显然和此案没有关系。
完成句子
①The job (与……有关)the environment.
②You can this wire (把……和……连接起来)that one.
③I'm writing to you (与……有关)your job application.
【答案】　①is connected with/has a connection with　②connect；to/with　③in connection with
单项填空
④We have lost with the boy since he went overseas.
A．connection　　　　　　　B．contrast
C．contact D．communication
【解析】　句意：自从他去了海外，我们就失去了联系。lose contact with“失去和……的联系”。connection指包括“友谊”等各方面关系；communication“交流，交际”。
【答案】　C
3．provide vt. & vi.提供；供应；供给
Finally，Arabic provided English with words for things that could be traded，such as spices，chemicals，animals and food.(P38)最后，阿拉伯语向英语提供了许多词语，这些词语用来表示可以交易的东西，例如：香料、化学制品、动物和食品。
He was provided with a car by his company.
他的公司给他提供了一部小汽车。
①provide sb.with sth.提供某物给某人
provide sth.for sb.向某人提供某物
②provided/providing(that) 如果；只要
③offer sb.sth.给某人提供某物
offer sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
supply sb.with sth.给某人提供某物
supply sth.to sb.给某人提供某物
　 They provided food and clothes for the sufferers.
＝They provided the sufferers with food and clothes.
他们提供食物和衣服给受难者。
I'll go fishing provided that it is fine tomorrow.
假如明天天气晴朗，我就去钓鱼。
同义句转换
①This is a project designed to provide young people with work.
＝ .(provide)
②This is a project designed to supply young people with work.
＝ .(supply)
③This is a project designed to offer young people work.
＝ .(offer)
【答案】　①This is a project designed to provide work for young people.　②This is a project designed to supply work to young people.　③This is a project designed to offer work to young people.
4．expectation n．期望；盼望；期待；预期；预料
I learnt that expectations at weddings can be quite different.(P40)我了解到婚礼上的期望相当不同。
beyond expectations 出乎意料
in expectation of 预计
live up to sb.'s expectations 不负某人所望
have high expectations 怀有很高期望
　 They closed the window in expectation of rain.
他们预计天会下雨，所以把窗户关上了。
You'd better live up to your parents' expectations.
你最好不负你父母的期望。
【提示】　
当expectation表示“期望，预期的事物；前程”时，通常用复数。
【教师备课资源】
expect vt.期待；期望；预料
expect to do sth.期待做某事
expect sb.to do sth.期待某人做某事
expect sb.of sth.期待某人某物
expect that...期待……/预料……　
①The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good ．
A．expectation B．reputation
C．contribution D．civilization
【解析】　句意：这个医生在治疗心脏病方面技艺精湛并且从不收病人的礼物，因此名声很好。reputation“名声”；expectation“期望”；contributions“贡献”；civilization“文明”。
【答案】　B
②We did so well—beyond all our ．
A．hope B．wish
C．understanding D．expectations
【解析】　句意：我们做得那么好——出乎我们所有人的意料。beyond one's expectations“出乎意料”。
【答案】　D
5．let alone更不用说
In his youth, however, he never left his home town, let alone travelled to another country, because he had to work to support his family.(P41)可是，在他年轻时，他从未离开过自己的家乡，更不用说到过国外，因为他不得不干活养家。
He can't even ride a bike, let alone (ride) a motorbike.
他连自行车都不会骑，更不用说摩托车了。
let sb.alone 不打扰；不惊动
let sth.alone 不碰；不变动
let sb.down 不能帮助；使失望；放下
let out 发出；放大；泄露(秘密)
　 She's asked to be let alone but the press photographers follow her everywhere.
她要求别打扰她，但摄影记者到处都跟着她。
I'm afraid she let us down badly.
很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。
She let out a scream of terror at the sight of the dog.
一看见狗，她就发出可怕的尖叫。
完成句子
①She can't ride a bicycle， (更不用说开小汽车了)．
②He (令他妻子失望)when he failed to obtain promotion.
【答案】　①let alone drive a car　②let his wife down
1. If they (be) here, they (take) your advice.
2. If the world－war (burst) out again, what (happen) to our people on earth?
3. If the policeman (be not) in that room, it (be) very dangerous.
4. If I (be) in your position, I (ask) for teacher's help.
5. If Tom (be) more careful in the exam, he (pass) it already.
6. If you (get) up earlier, you (catch) the first train.
7. If he (drive) more carefully, he (not; have) the car accident yesterday.
8. If I (learn) how to swim, I (not；be) trapped on that island.
9. If he (get) up early tomorrow, he (be) on time.
10. If he (come), what we (say) to him?
11. If there (be) no natural resource any more, we (make) use of nuclear power.
12. What (happen) if you (get up) too late tomorrow?
【答案】　 1.were ；would take　 2.burst; would happen
3．were not; would be 　 4.were; would ask　 5.had been; would have passed 　6.had got; would have caught
7．had driven；would not have had 　 8.had learnt; would not have been 　 9.got; would be 10.were to come/came/should come; should; say　 11.should be; should make
12. would happen; should get up
虚拟语气(一)
虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
(一)与现在、过去、将来事实相反的非真实条件状语从句
说明
从句谓语
主句谓语
例句
与现在事实相反
动词的过去式(be的过去式多用were)
would/should/could/might＋动词原形
If I had time，I would go to the cinema with you.如果我有时间，我就会和你去看电影。
If I were you，I would study hard.如果我是你，我就会努力学习。
与将来事实相反
动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)或“should/were to＋动词原形”
would/should/could/might＋动词原形
If he came in half an hour，I would go to see you with him.如果他半小时内来，我就会和他一起去看你。
If it should be fine tomorrow，we would continue our sports meeting.如果明天天气好，我们就会继续开运动会。
If she were to come this Sunday，I might be free to discuss it with her.如果她这个星期天来，我也许有时间与她讨论这个问题。
与过去事实相反
had＋动词的过去分词
would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词
If he had been warned，he wouldn't have taken that food.如果他被警告的话，他就不会吃那种食物了。
省略if的用法
有were，had，should等词时，可以省略if，将were/had/should等移至句首
主句的谓语形式分别与上述三种情况相同
Were he here，he wouldn't let you leave.如果他在这儿，他就不会让你离开。
Had you studied harder last term，you could have passed the exam.如果上学期你更加努力学习，你考试就会及格了。
(二)含蓄条件句
说明
例句
在虚拟语气中，有时并没有明显的表示条件的句子，而是通过句子的逻辑关系或一些词、短语等暗示出来
Without war in the world，people would live a more happy life.如果世界上没有战争，人们会生活得更幸福。
But for your help，I wouldn't have passed the driving test.要不是你的帮助，我就不会通过驾驶考试。
(三)混合条件句
说明
例句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句和从句的谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同
If you had asked her yesterday，you would know what to do now.如果你昨天问她了，现在你就知道做什么了。
If it had snowed last night，it would be very cold today.如果昨晚下雪了，今天就会很冷。

Period ⅣTask & Project

(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)理解课文，掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(3)能够用英语询问一些关于文化差异的问题。
(4)掌握道歉信的写法。
●教学地位
本课时的主要内容是理解Project所提供的关于民族风情体验之旅，从而让学生亲身体验他们的传统、风俗和不同的生活方式；同时要求学生掌握道歉信的写作方法，因为写道歉信是高考作文中以及日常生活中常见的一种应用文体。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
导入语：Today, we'll have the chance to visit some different minority cultures and experience for ourselves their traditions, customs and way of life.Let's go.
●教学流程设计
 →  → 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ↓
 ←  ← 
　　　　　　　↓
 →  →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
←←

Ⅰ.判断正误
(阅读P43，P46－P47，判断正误)
1．Knowing some taboos help you interact successfully with people from other countries.(　　)
2．Because the Inuit live on meat, they often get together.(　　)
3．The Maori people believe in animal spirits.(　　)
【答案】　1.T　2.F　3.F
Ⅱ.语篇理解
(阅读P46－47，选取最佳答案)
1．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To describe the beauty of these places
B．To introduce guided tours
C．To attract tourists
2．Inuit Experience is not for you if you don't eat ．
A．rice　　　　B．meat　　　　C．vegetables
3．Which group believe in many gods?
A．Maoris
B．Native American Indians
C．The Inuit
【答案】　1.C　2.B　3.A

1．make sense有意义；讲得通；能被理解
After you have completed the text，check whether it is correct by reading it to see if it makes sense.(P42)在你完成课文以后，通过阅读看它是否讲得通来检查你做得是否正确。
I can't make sense of that painting.
我看不懂那幅画。
This sentence doesn't make any sense.
这个句子完全讲不通。
make sense of...了解……的意义
common sense常识
come to one's senses苏醒
lose one's senses失去理智
bring sb. to one's senses使某人清醒过来
in one's senses精神正常，有理智
out of one's senses精神不正常
in a sense在某种意义上
　
Does it to plant fruit trees on the hillside?
A．make some sense　　　　　B．make sense
C．make senses D．make a sense
【解析】　句意为“在小山坡上种果树有意义吗？”根据题意，故选B。
【答案】　B
2．show...around带领……参观
Your headmaster asked some students to show the guests around.(P42)你们的校长要求一些学生带领客人参观(校园)。
I shall be delighted to show you around our school.
我很高兴领你参观我们的学校。
Before you start work，I'll show you around so that you can meet everyone.在你开始工作之前，我带你到处转转，这样你可以和大家见见面。
show sb. in 领某人进入
show off炫耀
show one's face露面
show up露面，出现
be on show在展出
　
用show的相关短语填空
①The policeman put a chemical on the paper and the fingerprints at once.
②The black dress her grace.
③The factory director the students his factory.
【答案】　①showed up　②showed off　③showed；
around
3．hold out伸出，拿出，维持
...when I held out my left hand.……当我伸出左手的时候。(P42)
He held out both his hands to welcome the guest.
他伸出双手来迎接客人。
I'm afraid the water supply can't hold out longer than a month.我担心水的供应至多只能维持一个月了。
hold out for 为……不肯妥协
hold out on不向……屈服；拒绝告诉
hold up延迟，阻碍；搀扶，支撑；举起，拾起
hold back忍住；阻挡；隐瞒
hold on不要挂断(电话)
　
猜出hold out在下列句子中的词义
①Mr.Brown held out his hand in welcome.
②How long will our food supplies hold out．
③He held out the key and I took it.
④Doctors hold out little hope of her recovering.

【答案】　①伸出　②维持　③递过来　④给予，抱有
4．I have no idea what he will do with them all, and it took up a lot of time.(P42)我不知道他将怎样处理所有这些礼物，而且买礼物花了我们很多时间。
(1)what he will do with them all是同位语从句
He had no idea what these words meant.
他根本不知道这些话的含义。
同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that 引导，常常跟在fact，idea，opinion，news，hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。
引导同位语从句的词有that，whether，还有关系代词what，which，who，以及关系副词how，when，where，why等。其中that，whether不作成分，只起连接作用；其它的引导词都作成分。
　 It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.
吸烟危害健康，这是事实。
I have no idea when they left.
我不知道他们什么时候离开的。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
完成句子
①我不知道你在这儿
I have no idea ．
②谁会被派去那儿工作的问题还没有决定。
The problem hasn't been decided.
③他没有回答他为什么迟到这个问题。
He didn't give the answer ．
④我不知道会议是否要召开。
I have no idea ．
【答案】　①that you were here　②who will be sent to work there　③why he was late　④whether the meeting will be hold
(2)take up占据(时间或空间)；拿起；开始从事
My bedroom is a bit small；the bed takes up too much room.我的卧室有点小；床占了太多的空间。
I won't take up too much of your time.
我不会占用你太多的时间。
bring up 教育；养育；提出；呕吐
make up 编造；组成；化妆
pick up 捡起；拾起；搭乘；用车接；恢复健康；好转；无意中学会；收听；收看到
stay up 熬夜
　 He left her to bring up three young children on her own.
他留下她独自抚养3个年幼的孩子。
I shall bring up the question at the next meeting.
我将在下次会议上提出这个问题。
She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico.
她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。
单项填空
⑤(2012·蚌埠高二检测)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all ．
A．given away　　　　　　B．kept away
C．taken up D．used up
【解析】　句意：我们想要找到一个七人餐桌，但它们都被占用了。give away“泄露；分发”；keep away“使离开”；use up“用尽”，均不符合句意。take up“占据”，符合句意。
【答案】　C
⑥After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A．set out B．took over
C．took up D．set up
【解析】　句意：珍妮在医学院学习了五年以后，在农村当了一名医生。A项“出发”；B项“接收，接管”；C项“从事”；D项“建立，搭起”。由句意知选C项。
【答案】　C
5．give out分发；(消息等)宣布；公布；发出；释放(气味、热等)；耗尽；用光；精疲力竭
Japanese people may bow and even give out their business cards to greet others.(P43)与别人见面时，日本人会鞠躬，甚至送给对方名片。
The teacher gave out the exam papers.
老师分发了试卷。
After a long walk she was so tired that her legs gave out.
长途跋涉之后，她很累，腿一点力气都没有了。
【提示】　
give out 意为“用完，耗尽”时是不及物动词词组，不能用被动语态。
give away赠送；颁发；泄露
give in让步；屈服
give up放弃；不再做(某事)
give off分发；发出(气味，热等)
give back归还；送回
　 I can't answer that puzzle；I give up.
我猜不出这个谜语，我认输了。
Rotten eggs give off a bad smell.
臭蛋散发出难闻的气味。
give out/give off
相同点
当表示放出光热、烟雾、蒸汽等时，give out与give off可互换。
不同点
give off主要用于不断地发散、放出(液体、气体、气味等)。
give out多用于一次性地发出(声音、信号等)。
　
用适当的介/副词填空
①We'll never give to the enemy.
②The doctor advised me to give smoking.
③The sun gives light and heat.
④It was giving a terrible smell.
【答案】　①in　②up　③out/off　④off/out
6．In Thailand and other parts of South－East Asia，the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together．(P43)在泰国和东南亚的其他地区，通常的问候方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。
(1)slight adj.轻微的；纤细的
I woke up with a slight headache.我醒来时有点头疼。
There was not the slightest hint of trouble.
当时看不出丝毫会出现麻烦的迹象。
He was as slight as a girl.
他像女孩子一样纤细。
单项填空
①Although I can walk about，there is still a pain in my leg.
A．weak B．slight
C．tender D．soft
【解析】　句意：虽然我能走，但是我的腿依然有点轻微的疼痛。weak“虚弱的”；slight“轻微的”；tender“温柔的”；soft“柔软的”。
【答案】　B
(2)句中with复合结构with the hands pressed together作定语，修饰名词bow。在with复合结构中动词－ed形式pressed作宾语the hands的补足语。
with复合结构：
①构成：with＋名词或代词＋形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动词－ing形式或动词的－ed形式。
②作用：在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。也可以作定语。
　 He is used to sleeping with the windows open.
他习惯开着窗户睡觉。
Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it's exactly like a rope.任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。
完成句子(用with的复合结构)
②She left the room (所有的灯都亮着)．
③ (因为有那么多的工作要做)，I have no time for a holiday.
④We found the house easily (有小男孩领路)．
⑤ (需要的东西都买齐后)，she went home happily.
【答案】　②with all the lights on　③With so much work to do　④with the little boy leading the way
⑤With all the things she needed bought
7．minority n．少数；少数民族；少数派；(法律)未成年
We offer you the chance to visit different minority cultures and experience for yourself their traditions，customs and way of life.(P46)我们提供你一个机会去参观不同的少数民族文化并且亲身经历他们的传统、风俗和生活方式。
Only a minority of the class voted for the plan.
班里只有少数学生投票赞成这项计划。
①a/the minority/majority (of...)意为“(……的)少数/大多数”，修饰可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
②the minority/majority of...通常看成复数，其相应的谓语动词要用复数形式。the minority/majority单独使用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可。
③in the/a minority /majority占少数/多数。
　 Boys are in the minority in their class.
在他们班上，男生占少数。
A minority of people continue to support him.
少数人继续支持他。
The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.大多数人相信吸烟有害健康。
完成句子
①他达到法定年龄时即可继承这笔钱。
He will inherit the money when he has passed his .
②在政府的最高层里妇女占少数。
Women in the top ranks of the government.
【答案】　①minority　②are in the minority
8．While staying with the Inuit people you will have the chance to ride on a dog sled and travel in a seal－skin boat.(P46)在同因纽特人相处的日子里，你将有机会乘坐狗雪橇和划用海豹皮制成的船。
While staying为“连词＋分词”结构，其实是状语从句省略主语、谓语后的形式。
Look out when (you are)crossing the street.
过马路时要小心。
While standing on top of the hill，you can get a view of the whole city.站在山顶上，你可以看到整个城市。
状语从句中，主语和谓语的省略主要出现在以下几种情况：
①表示时间(连接词为when，while，as，since，whenever)的从句中。
②表示条件(连接词为if，unless)的从句中。
③表示让步(连接词为though，although，whether，however，whatever，no matter how/what/who等)的从句中。
④表示行为方式(连接词为as，as if，as though)的从句中。
⑤表示原因(连接词为since)的从句中。
　 【提示】　
①如果这类从句内含有be动词，其主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it则可将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。
②连词除了后接分词以外，还可以接名词，介词短语，形容词等。
③当连词后接形容词时，如果有be，可以换成being＋ adj.形式，但这样的形容词不能是－ed或－ing的形式，同时连词也可以省略。
Unless invited，I won't go to the party.
除非受到了邀请，否则我不会去参加聚会。
While still a student，she played roles in many plays.
当她还是学生时，她就在许多戏里面扮演角色。
同义句转换(用省略结构)
①When he was asked the question，he hesitated before answering it.

②I will not go to his birthday even if I am invited to.

【答案】　①When asked the question，he hesitated before answering it.　②I will not go to his birthday even if invited to.
9．account n. 描述；叙述；账户；原因vt.&vi. 解释；说明；认为
You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing，listen to traditional accounts of bravery，and play games.(P46)你将有机会参加一个这种大型的聚会和跳舞、听一听传统的英勇的故事描述及玩游戏。
The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident.
警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
Please account for your being late for class.
请解释你上课迟到的原因。
①on account of 因为；由于
on no account 决不
take...into account(＝take account of)
把……考虑进去；考虑到
②account for 解释；说明；是……的原因
　 On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
The match was postponed on account of the weather.
基于天气关系，比赛延期进行。
Take into account the quality and workmanship, you will find the price is justified.
考虑到质量和做工，你会发现其价格是公道的。
【提示】　
on no account放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。
用account的适当短语填空
①He didn't go out the rain.
②The poor weather may have the small crowd.
③ must you tell him the secret.
【答案】　①on account of　②accounted for　③On no account
10．base on/upon基于……；以……为根据
Here you will have the chance to see Aborigine ceremonies with singing and dancing，based on ancient beliefs.(P46)在这里，你将有机会目睹基于古老的土著信仰的土著仪式，仪式上人们载歌载舞。
The writer based his book on a true story.
作者写的书基于一个真实的故事。
Success is based on hard work.
努力工作是成功的基础。
①base vt. 以……为根据；把……设在n. 基部；基地；基础；根基；底部
base...on/upon 把……建立在……上
be based on/upon 以……为根据
②basic adj 基础的；基本的；根本的
③basically adv. 基本上；基本地；主要地
　 She was chosen on the basis of her talent of music.
她因具备音乐的天分而被当选。
【对接高考】　
(2012·江苏高考) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.
A．Based　　　　　　B．Basing
C．Base D．To base
【解析】　前后两部分之间没有连词且用逗号连接，因此空格处只能填非谓语动词形式，主语you与base之间为主动关系，动词不定式只能作目的状语，或与only一起表示意外的结果，故空格处应使用现在分词表条件。句意：如果你把重要决定更多地建立在情感而不是理性基础上，你迟早会后悔的。
【答案】　B
Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts， on a German fairy tale.
A．is based B．basing
C．based D．bases
【解析】　句意：天鹅湖是著名的芭蕾舞剧，它以一个德国神话故事为基础。base sth.on/sth.be based on以……为基础。所以此处应用被动，先排除B、D。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。
【答案】　C
11．It is believed that the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.(P47)据说毛利人来自太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛。
本句中含有句型It is believed that＋从句，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正的主语。
It is believed that health is above wealth.
一般人都相信健康重于财富。
该句型可转化为sb./sth.believes that ...
It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句
It is said that...据说……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is known that...众所周知……
It is thought that...大家认为……
It is considered that...据认为……
It is hoped that...人们希望……
It is proved that...据证明……
It is suggested that...人们建议……
It is required/demanded that...据要求……
　 They are said to be looking into the case.
＝It is said that they are looking into the case.
＝People say that they are looking into the case.
据说他们正在调查这个案子。
It is suggested that Smith (should) take over the work.
建议史密斯接替这项工作。
【提示】　
①在句型It is suggested/required/demanded/ordered...＋that从句中，that从句中的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
②以上含有hope, suggest, demand等的复合句一般不可以转换为简单句。
句型转换
①He is said to have moved to Chicago.
→ that he has moved to Chicago.
②It is supposed that Vitamin C can prevent colds.
→Vitamin C to prevent colds.
③He is believed to be living abroad.
→ that he is living abroad.
【答案】　①It is said　②is supposed　③It is believed
12．have power over sb.对某人有控制力
The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power over all things including animals，trees，stones and clouds.(P47)平原印第安人信奉“至上神”，“至上神”对包括动物、树木、石头和云彩在内的一切事物拥有控制权。
She has a lot power over the people in her team.
她对队里的人有强大的控制力。
come into power上台；掌权；开始执政
in one's power有权力；在权力范围内
fall into sb.'s power落入某人的控制中
in power(人或政党)当权；秉政
　 A new political party has come into power.
一个新的政党已开始执政。
I will do everything in my power.
我将尽力做每一件事。
power/force/energy/strength
power
“能力”词义丰富，可指内在的或外加的力，潜在的或活动的力、具体的或抽象的力、身体的或精神的力等。
force
“力”，常指促使物体运动的力，也可指势力、武力或暴力，可用作可数名词或不可数名词。
energy
“精力”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数名词。
strength
“体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力，有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力，是不可数名词。
　
用power/force/energy/strength填空
①Practice has taught us that knowledge is ．
②Gandhi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ．
③All the passengers pushed the bus with all their ， but it refused to move.
④Young people usually have more than the old.
【答案】　①power　②force　③strength　④energy
如何写道歉信
道歉信是要向对方陈述无法答应的所请、所托的原因，对不愿做的事，可声明自己的一贯主张，对不能为的请托，更应陈述理由，说明自己为什么不能为。其目的是赔礼道歉，消除误解。
一、道歉信的结构
开头：简单交代对何事进行道歉。
正文：解释事情发生的原因，消除误会或矛盾。
结尾：再次表示遗憾和歉意，表明愿意补救的愿望，提出建议或安排。
二、道歉信的语言特点
在说明情况与理由时，要实事求是，语言要简明扼要，态度诚恳。另外用词要委婉，语气要温和得体。
譬如，口气诚恳，说清楚为何你要道歉？以及日后你希望怎样补救？不要忘了两个要件：“检讨自己”和“感谢对方”。
假定你是迈克，你上周从朋友弗兰克处借到一本有价值的书。昨晚却发现书不知去向，为此致信弗兰克道歉，并表示如果找不到，将买一本新书，同时说明新书绝对不可能取代旧书。
注意：1.词数：120左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
2．可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Frank，
I am terribly sorry








Yours truly，
Mike
[思路分析]
诚恳说明造成对方不快的原因；表示歉意，请予以理解、见谅。信的目的应在第一句中写明：I am writing to apologize for some misunderstandings.../I am writing to explain some misunderstandings...；接下来解释理由：Unfortunately，we did not know that.../We did not realize that.../We did not understand that...；在结束语再次表示道歉。
[词汇热身]
1．丢了一本有价值的书
2．打算做某事
3．尽快
4．替代
5．与……有联系
【答案】　1.lose a valuable book　2.intend to do sth.　3.as soon as possible　4.take the place of　5.be connected with
[句式温习]
1．我很抱歉地告诉你，你上周如此友好借给我的那本书被我弄丢了。
I am terribly sorry I have lost the valuable book you you lent me last week.
2．我发现书不见了。
The book was ．
3．我将尽可能找回那本书。
I will as soon as possible.
4．如果万一找不到，我会给你买本新书。
If I ， I will get a new book for you.
5．一旦丢失，旧书永远不可能被替代。
Once ，old books can never be ．
【答案】　1.to tell you that；were so kind that　2.nowhere to be found　3.try to recover it　4.fail to find it
5．(they are) lost；replaced/taken the place of
[连句成篇]　





[参考范文]
Dear Frank，
I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book you were so kind as to lend me last week.I read it every day and intended to finish it next month.Last night when I came to my room，it was nowhere to be found.I will try to recover it as soon as possible.If I fail to find it，I will get a new book for you.
But I am afraid it can never take the place of the old one.Old books are like old friends.Once lost，they can never be replaced.They are connected with cherished associations which the new ones can never have.And for this loss，I am to blame.I was so careless with my things.This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.
Yours truly，
Mike

Ⅰ.立体式复习单词
A．基本单词
1． n．拥抱
2． vt.保证，担保，确保
3． vt.阻止，禁止
4． prep.自始至终；贯穿，遍及
5． n．犯法，违犯
6. adj. &adv.相似的；相同的；类似于
7. n．姿态；手势
8． adj.轻微的，少量的
9. n．少数民族；少数派；未成年
10． n．& v．报告；描写；叙述
11． vt.统治；管理；支配
12． n．宗教
B．词汇派生
13． vt.向(某人)道贺；祝贺→ n. 祝贺
14． vt.& vi.允许；准许→ n. 允许
15． adj.习惯的；惯常的→ vt.使习惯于
16． n．庆典；庆祝活动→ vt.庆祝
17． n．问候；问候语→ vt.欢迎；致敬
18． n．期望；盼望→ vt.期望
【答案】　1.hug　2.ensure　3.prohibit　4.throughout　5.offence　6.alike　7.gesture　8.slight　9.minority　10.account　11.govern　12.religion　13.congratulate；congratulation 　14.permit；permission　15.accustomed；accustom　16.celebration；celebrate 　17.greeting；greet　18.expectation；expect
Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语
A．短语互译
1．适应
2．变得习惯于
3．对……熟悉
4．带领某人参观
5．hold out
6．take up
7．give out
8．have power over
9．let alone
【答案】　1.adjust to　2. get accustomed to　3.be familiar with　4.show sb.around　5.坚持；伸出；提供　6.占用；开始从事；对……产生兴趣　7.分发，发出；公布，发表；用尽，精疲力竭　8. 控制　9.不干涉，不打扰，不管，更不用说
B．用上面词组的适当形式完成下列句子
10. She can't ride a bicycle， drive a car.
11．Before you start to work，I will the factory.
12．I'm sorry to have so much of your valuable time.
13．We have living in an air－conditioned room in summer.
14．I saw a man handbills(传单)in the street.
【答案】　10. let alone　11.show you around　12.taken up　13.got accustomed to 　14.giving out
Ⅲ.仿写式活用句式
1．It's rude not to open a present when someone gives you one.
在别人背后说坏话是不对的。
【句式仿写】　 speak ill of someone behind his back.
2．And you probably wouldn't get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding reception was being held.
如果你赢得了一百万英镑，你会做什么？
【句式仿写】　What you do a million pounds?
3．But what is really interesting is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers.
他在会上将说些什么，我们还不知道。
【句式仿写】　 is not known to us.
4．One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
【句式仿写】　由于他的级别太低，因此他不能去那里。
he could not go there his grade was too low.
5．The same as in cities in China!
驾船和开车不一样。
【句式仿写】　Driving a boat is not driving a car.
【答案】　1.It isn't right to　2.would；if you won
3．What he will say at the meeting　4.The reason why；was that　5.the same as

选修6
　
Unit 4　Helping people around the world
(这是边文，请据需要手工删加)
【美文阅读】　
Helping others is kind of happiness
——我把即将辞掉的一份工作介绍给了一位刚刚来到澳大利亚举目无亲的移民，帮助别人的同时我也感到很幸福。
I had been working for a company in Australia that had a large number of staff.But now, I had found a better position in another company and was very aware that the manager would be disappointed that I was leaving.
I had recently become friends with a young man who had just moved to Australia from Africa due to the war in his homeland.He was unskilled and was finding life difficult being unemployed ( 失业的，未被利用的) and married and having two young children.
As I handed in my notice (辞职信), I was asked if I was aware of anyone who was looking for work and could do the job as well as I had done.I offered this chance to my new friend.But he was not offered the job after the interview.
I had to serve a week's notice and during this time I asked the manager the reasons why my friend was turned down.They explained his English was not good enough to train him for the position.I suggested it should do good to the company to give my friend a trial while I was willing to train him.I believed that once given
the time to learn the language, my friend could do the job.After a week's training, he was employed and was happy with his position now.
I am aware of how terrible the war was, which had forced this man to leave his homeland，and what price he had paid for doing so.I appreciate being able to live in Australia and believe that this appreciation is best demonstrated (证明) by acts of kindness to those in need.Remembering the smile of appreciation from this man continues to inspire me to be kind.
【诱思导学】
1．What can you learn from the passage?


2．What was the problem that the young man faced at that time?


3．How do you help others in your daily life?


【答案】　1.It's a virtue to help others in trouble and helping others is kind of happiness.
2．Being unskilled and unemployed at that time, he was finding life difficult.
3．Try my best to do what I can to help the people in need.

Period Ⅰ Previewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过?