【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语人教版必修五教师用书Unit 3　Life in the future

Unit 3　Life in the future
【美文阅读】　
Robotic age draws closer
随着科技的发展，机器人时代的到来已经指日可待。
These days，robots ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e more common than you might think.Consider the Roomba，a robotic vacuum(吸尘器)which cleans floors on its own.
“We wanted to make so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mething simple that people could use every day，”says Greiner，co founder of IRobot，the company that makes the smart vacuum.“And that's what inspired us to build the Roomba.”
Some robots like the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Roomba are already very common in many US households.
IRobot makes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )everything from the Roomba to robots that someday might become a part of us.
“You can have robot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ics equipped into your body，to get back that arm or leg that you've lost，either in some accident or disease，”says Greiner.
Although robots h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave been developed mainly for military(军用的)applications，civilian uses for the technology are growing，according to Michael Toscano，president of the Association for Unmanned(自控的)Vehicles International.
“Unmanned systems ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) allow human beings to do their task with an extension of their hands，their eyes and their ears.”
“We can put them in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ocean and they'll swim for eight or nine months，collecting data and monitoring ocean pollution，”says Hudson of IRobot.
Recently the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )US Government's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)displayed a “robotic man”．
Instead of d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )epending on remote control，DARPA's “robotic man” can actually look at some blocks，find one with a special pattern，and move it to a new location.Mandelbaum，DARPA's project manager，says more challenging tasks lie ahead.
Some day，a DARPA ro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bot might find a hidden bomb or help a disabled person select a shirt and button it.
To advance the tech ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nology，DARPA plans to let members of the pubic write software for the “robotic man”，then sign onto the Internet and watch a model of “robotic man” perform the task.
It's one of the w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays that robots will help humankind to extend its reach.
【诱思导学】　
1．The example of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Roomba shows that
.
2．Do you think tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t robots will play an important role in the future？Why
【答案】　1.civilian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) uses for the robotic technology are growing　2.Yes.Because there may be more and more robots coming into our life with the development of science and technology.(answers are different)
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，让下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本单元的中心话题是“谈未来”。内容主要涉及 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人类对今后生活环境的想象、猜测和思考。语言技能和语言知识主要围绕“未来生活”这一中心话题进行设计的。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
可以通过填写教材第17页的表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )格引导学生去认识现在和展望未来。想象一下100年后人们在交通、工作、语言、环境，住房和教育等方面的改变和面对的问题。让学生通过思考，让学生在思考的基础上得出自己的结论，即哪些变化好，哪些变化不好，并说出理由。
●教学流程设计
导入新课。→学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )思导学”(见学案第37页)。→学生就“话题美文导读”进行讨论，统一答案。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
学生再次阅读课文(见课本第17－18页 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第38页)。←师生共同讨论并统一答案。←让学生快速阅读课文(见课本第17－18页)，并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第38页)。
　　　　　↓
学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )统一答案。→学生再次仔细阅读课文(见课本第17－18页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第38页)。→老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )39页)。←学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。←让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第38页)。
　　　　　↓
老师布置作业，让学生看课本第17－1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )8页并完成课本第19页1、2、3、4题，预习学案Period Ⅱ(见学案第39－45页), 写一篇关于想象1000年后地球会是什么样子的文章。
(见学生用书第38页)
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P17～18的Reading部分，完成下列表格(每空不超过3个单词)
Before getting
into the time
capsuleIn the capsuleWe climbed in 4. a small
opening.The seats were 5. .
After a calming drink，the capsule
began 6. gentl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y.Arriving in the futureThe new surroundings were difficult
7. .The air seemed thin.
He had to put on a mask.Wang
Ping showed him how to use a
hovering 8. .In a strange
looking houseLi Qiang found the wall of a room made
of trees.Wang Ping 9. a switch
on a computer screen，and a table and
some chairs rose from under the floor.
Li Qiang had a brief meal and a hot
bath.Exhausted，he 10. and fell
fast asleep.Li Qiang felt 1. ，and uncertain.
He 2. “time lag”．Wang Ping gave him some tablets，
which 3. a lot.
【答案】　1.worried，nervo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us，unsettled　2.suffered from 3．helped 　4.through　5.comfortable 　6.swinging
7．to tolerate　8.carriage　9.flashed　10.slid into bed
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P17～18的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Why did Li Qian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g feel nervous and uncertain at first in the year AD 3008
A．Because he was frightened in the new surroundings.
B．Because he hadn't adapted himself to the new environment.
C．Because he was a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffected by the flashbacks from his previous time period.
2．When and where did this story happen
A．It happened in outer space in the future.
B．It happened on the earth in the future.
C．It happened in outer space at the present time.
3．How did the system work
A．Oxygen was provided by a group of machines.
B．Oxygen was provided by some chemicals.
C．Oxygen was provided by some green leaves.
4．Where did Li Qiang lose sight of Wang Ping
A．In a hotel capsule.
B．In a room.
C．In a large market.
5．The passage is mainly about .
A．how Li Qiang was transported to the future
B．how Li Qiang got to the future and his first impressions of it
C．what the life was like in the future
【答案】　1－5　CBCCB
Ⅲ.课文缩写
阅读P17～18的Reading部分，完成下面课文缩写
FIRST IMPRESSIONS
I went into the 1. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) because I had won a 2. that gave me a tour.I suffered from “time lag” when I left my own time.Wang Ping gave me some green tablets which could help me feel less 3. .His parents'company called “Future Tours” 4. me into the future in a time capsule.The first thing I noticed was the poor quality of the car，so my head 5. .
And I found se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )veral things different：a 6. to give me enough oxygen；a hovering carriage 7. ；a 8. house belonging to Wang Ping's parents.Here the trees acted as walls and provided 9. for the room；the tables，chairs and a bed rose from under the floor as if 10. .
【答案】　1.future ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　2.prize　3.nervous and uncertain　4.transported　5.ached　6.mask　7.driven by computer
8．strange looking　9.oxygen　10.by magic
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．guide　 A．particular part or feature of sth.
being considered
2．aspect B．go with sb.and show the way to a
place
3．flash C．allow sth.that one dislikes or
disagrees with without interfering
4．uncertain D．be without sth.；have less than
enough of
5．lack E．secure or fix sth.firmly
6．fasten F．give or send out a brief bright light
7．tolerate G．feeling doubt about sth.；not clear，
definite
8．impression H．an idea，a feeling or an opinion that
you get about sb./sth.
【答案】　1－8　BAFGDECH
Ⅱ.短语填空
take up，be back on on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e's feet，lose sight of，sweep up，slide into，for lack of，remind...of
1．When he looked up ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain，he the plane which he saw just now.
2．The film me what I had seen in the United States.
3．She was left to after the party.
4．The mouse its hole.
5．She the piano when she was five.
6．To ，he does exercise very often.
【答案】　1.lost si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght of　2.reminded；of　3.sweep up　4.slid into　5.took up　6.be back on his feet
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．Worried about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.
我很担心这次旅行，所以头几天我心里总是不踏实。
2．The air seemed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) thin，as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下很少的氧气。
3．However，I lost sigh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
可是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
4．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
实在累坏了，我溜上床很快就睡着了。
Period ⅡWarm Up & Reading
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
重点词汇的理解与应用。
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写科幻类或想象类的文章，并培养学生养成自觉用英语写作的好习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
As we all know that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) great changes have taken place in our daily life recently. With the quick development of the science and technology, our life will become more and more comfortable, . Now I want to ask xxx to imagine what our life will be in 100 years. Do you like it ，why
●教学流程设计
导入新课。→老师检查上堂课所布置的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。→让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第39－45页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
让学生再次阅读课文(见课本第17 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )－18页)以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。←老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。←让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。
　　　　　↓
让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第45页)。→布置作业。让学生完成课本第20页第1、2、3题，“课时作业”(见学案第103页)和预习“Period Ⅲ(见学案第46－49页)。
(见学生用书第39页)
1．aspect n．方面，层面
Below are some of the main aspects of life today.(教材P17)下面是当今生活的主要方面。
Eastern culture can play a positive role in this aspect.
东方文化在这方面会起积极作用。
The training program covers every aspect of the job.
该训练方案包括了工作的各个方面。
from every aspect从各个方面
in all (its) aspects全面地
翻译句子
①这是他过去没有了解到的她的性格的一个方面。
②The book aims to cover all aspects of city life.
【答案】　①This was on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e aspect of her character he hadn't seen before. ②这本书旨在涵盖城市生活的各个方面。
2．impression n．印象；感想，印记
first impressions(教材P17)第一印象
What was your first impression of London
你对伦敦的第一印象是什么？
I have a good impression of him.我对他的印象很好。
①make/leave/give an impression on给……留下印象
②impress vt.给……以深刻的印象
impress sth.on/upon sth.＝impress sb.with sth.
使某人对……有印象；使某人铭记某事；某物/事给某人留下印象
impress on(upon)使铭记
be impressed by/with为……所感动；对……有印象
③impressive adj.给人深刻印象的，感人的
The boy has impressed his doctors with his courage and determination.
那个男孩的勇气和决心给医生们留下了深刻印象。
It's an impressive ceremony.
那是个难忘的仪式。
【对接高考】　
(2010·北京高考)First i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mpressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get second chance to make first impression.
A．a；the　　　　　　　　　B．the；the
C．a；a D．the；a
【解析】　考查冠词及固定短语。句意：第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一印象是持续时间最长的。毕竟，你永远不会再有一次机会去获得一个第一印象。表示“又一；再一次”常用冠词a；第二个空用a表示泛指概念。make a．..impression“留下……印象”。
【答案】　C
句型转换
①His sincerity impressed her.
→He his sincerity.
→He his sincerity .
②My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
→My father the value of hard work.
【答案】　①impressed her with；impressed；on her
②impressed me with
完成句子
③His words (使……深深铭记)my memory.
④His trip to India (使……印象深刻)him.
【答案】　③are strongly impressed on　④made a strong impression on
3．take up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占去(时间或空间)
I still cann ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.(教材P17)
我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。
When he left school he took up journalism.
当他毕业后，就开始从事新闻工作。
She took up her first teaching post in 2008.
2008年，她走上了她的第一个教学岗位。
My grandfather took up his own experiences.
我爷爷继续讲他自己的经历。
take...apart把……拆开
take in理解；欺骗；接纳
take off脱去；起飞；突然受欢迎
take on呈现；开始雇用
take over接管；接任(职位)
Let's take the radio apart and see what's wrong with it.
咱们把收音机拆开看看有什么毛病。
Don't be taken in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) by his charming manner；he's completely ruthless.不要被他那副讨人喜欢的外表所迷惑，其实他冷酷无情。
Sales of home computers have taken off in recent years.
家庭电脑的销售量近年来上升很快。
形象记忆
【对接高考】　
(2009·安徽高考)W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e tried to find a table for seven，but they were all .
A．given away B．kept away
C．taken up D．used up
【解析】　句意：我们尽力找能坐七人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的桌子，但是没有空桌。give away泄露，捐赠；keep away控制在外；take up占据；use up用光，用尽。根据句意选C。
【答案】　C
写出下列句中take up的含义
①The head teacher takes her duties up in August.
②She took up his offer of a drink.
③At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.
④Joan took up th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e story when her sister forgot the next detail.
⑤That big clock w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill have to go；it takes up too much space in the small hall.
【答案】　①开始承担　②接受　③开始从事　④继续　⑤占用
4．constantly adv.不断地；重复不断地
I have to rem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008.(教材P17)我得不断提醒自己，我真的已经进入到公元3008年了。
Fashion is constantly changing.
时尚总是日新月异。
He talked constantly about his work.
他不断地谈到他的工作。
constantly经常和进行时连用，表示说话者的一种情感。与之用法相当的词还有always等。
constant adj.持续的；不断的
There was a constant stream of visitors to Mount Tai.
泰山的游客络绎不绝。
The English language is constantly changing.
英语总是在不断地发展变化。
I'm constantly telling her to behave herself.
我不断告诉她要守规矩。
　
constant/continual/continuous
constant 强调始终如一地经常出现，含义是“不断的，经常的”。
continual 表示时断时续地发生，含义是“连续不断的，频繁的”。
continuous 强调中间不停顿，含义是“不停的，连续不断的”。
选词填空：constant，continuous，continual
①As we know，in our world nothing seems .
② practice is necessary to master English.
③All of us must be to study.
【答案】　①constant　②continual　③continuous
4．previous adj.在前的；早先的；先前的；以往的；(时间上)稍前的
This is similar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the “jet lag” you get from flying，but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.(教材P17)
这有点像坐飞机时的飞行时差，但不同的是，你的脑海中似乎在不断闪现以前的时光。
No previous experience is necessary for this job.
这一工作无需相关的经验。
I couldn't believe it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when I heard the news.I had only seen him the previous day.听到这个消息时，我不敢相信。就在前一天我还见到过他。
previous to＝before在……之前(其中to是介词)
previously adv.先前地；早先
Previous to leavin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g for France，he studied a lot about the country.他在启程前往法国之前，对有关法国的事物作了相当多的研究。
The building had previously been used as a hotel.
这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。
previous/former
previous 指在时间上较早的、顺序上在前的，表示一事做于另一事之先或指目前某事之前的一件事。可以和to连用，表示“在……之前”。
former 可表示以前的，即时间上在前的，也可表示前者的。这个词特别用于指某人以前从事过某种工作或担任某个职位。
形象记忆
【提示】　previou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s常与to搭配，意为“在……之前，先于……”，类似与to搭配的单词还有：senior，junior，inferior，superior，similar等。
]
完成句子
①Have you had (过去的工作经验吗)
②His father died (在……之前两个小时)his arrival.
【答案】　①previous job experience　②two hours previous to
5．surrounding n．周围的事物；环境(常用复数)adj.周围的
At first my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.(教材P18)开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。
The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings.
那所房子所处的环境非常优美。
She grew up in comfortable surroundings.
她在舒适的环境中长大。
①surrounding adj.附近的；周围的
②surround vt.环绕；围住
be surrounded by/with...由……围着/包围
surround sth./sb.with/by sth.
以……包围或环绕某人/某物
After the explosio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the army sealed off the surrounding area.爆炸发生后，军队封锁了周围地区。
He likes to surround himself with beautiful things.
他喜欢生活在美的环境中。
She has always been surrounded with fashionable friends.
她周围总有许多爱赶时髦的朋友。
surroundings/environment
surroundings 专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼。
environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境。
The girl grew up in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) beautiful surroundings，but not in a happy home environment.
这个女孩生活在优美的环境中，但却没有愉快的家庭氛围。
选词填空：environment，surroundings
①We should protect our .
②I need to work in pleasant .
【答案】　①environment　②surroundings
单句改错
③It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.
【答案】　surrounding→surroundings
翻译句子
④房子的四周有高墙。
⑤As a child，I was surrounded by love and kindness.
⑥The surrounding villa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ges have been absorbed by/into the growing city.
【答案】　④The house ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was surrounded by high walls.　⑤幼年时，我备受关爱。　⑥周围的村庄已经并入了那不断扩展的城市。
6．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
At first my new s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urroundings were difficult to tolerate.(教材P18)一开始新的环境让我很难忍受。
I can not tolerate her rudeness.
我不能容忍她的粗鲁无礼。
The teacher can not tolerate eating in class.
老师不容许在课堂上吃东西。
①tolerate(doing)sth.容忍(做)某事
can't bear/stand (doing)sth.无法忍受(做)某事
put up with容忍；忍受
②tolerable adj.可容忍的
③tolerance n．容忍；忍受
④tolerant adj.容忍的；宽容的
be tolerant of/towards sb./sth.对……宽容
Her own mistak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es made her very tolerant of/towards (the faults of) others.
她因自己有错误，对别人(的错误)就概不计较了。
He can't bear being laughed at.
他忍受不了被别人取笑。
I don't know how she puts up with his cruelty to her.
我不明白她怎么能忍受他的虐待。
单句改错
①The school cannot tolerate to cheat in exams.
.
②Her own mistakes made ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her very tolerant about the faults of others. .
【答案】　①to cheat→cheating　②about→of/towards
完成句子
③Few plants will (经受骤变)in temperature.
④I can't (容忍你的行为)like that.
【答案】　③tolerate sudden changes　④tolerate your behavior
7．The air seemed thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.(教材P18)
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下很少的氧气。
本句是一个由as though引导的方式状语从句构成的复合句。as though/if的含义是“好像；似乎”。如：
The animal was walking as though it had hurt its leg.
这个动物走路的样子好像伤了腿似的。
as though/if引导方式状语从句或表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句时，通常用虚拟语气，表示与事实不符或相反的情况。如果as if/though引导的从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所表达的动作同时发生，as if/though从句谓语动词用过去时；如果as if/though引导的从句谓语动词所表达的动作先于主句谓语动词动作，as if/though从句谓语动词用过去完成时；如果as if/though引导的从句谓语动词所表达的动作后于主句谓语动词所表达的动作，as if/though引导的从句谓语动词用过去将来时；如果与事实相符合，则用陈述语气。
She treats the orphan as if he were her own son.
她对待这个孤儿就好像对待自己的亲儿子一样。
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
他表现得若无其事。
She looks as if she were angry.
看她的表情，她好像生气了似的。
【提示】　(1)当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语又包含动词be时，从句主语和谓语中的动词be通常可省去。
(2)当句子的主语与as if从句的主语一致时，as if后跟动词不定式、现在分词或过去分词。
【对接高考】　
(2011·湖南高考)Jack ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wasn't saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him he had done something very clever.
A．as if B．in case
C．while D．though
【解析】　句意：杰克没说什么，但是老师向他微 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )笑，好像他做了什么明智之举似的。in case以防；while然而；though尽管，以上三项都不符合句意，故选A项。
【答案】　A
完成句子
①They talked about the news (好像他们早就知道了)．
②It looks (好像天要下雨)．
③He stood up as if (要离开)．
【答案】　①as if/though they had known it earlier
②as if it is going to rain　③to leave
8．lack n．缺乏；短缺的东西v.缺乏，没有
Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.(教材P18)
由于缺少新鲜空气，我的头疼。
They are so rich that they lack for nothing.
他们非常富裕，什么也不缺。
His real problem is that he lacks confidence.
他的真正问题是缺乏自信心。
①for lack of缺乏……；没有……；因缺少……
(a)lack of缺乏；不足……
no lack of充足的
②lack for缺……，不充足
③lacking adj.缺少的，不足的
be lacking in不足；不够；缺少
He did not finish his schooling for lack of money.
由于缺钱，他没有完成学业。
A diet lackin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
【提示】　①lack用作名词时一般用作单数或不可数名词，意为“缺乏；短缺”。后面常接介词of表示缺少的内容，构成lack of短语。
②lack用作动词时可作及 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )物动词，意为“缺乏；没有；短缺”。后面直接接名词作宾语，千万不要说lack in/of sth.。也可作不及物动词，如跟宾语要加for，构成lack for sth.
③lacking是形容词，意为“缺少 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的；不足的”。常用搭配是：be lacking in...(＝be short in...)意为“在……上不足”。
介词填空
①The project was hung up lack of funds.
②They carried on wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h their experiment in spite of the lack facilities.
③She certainly is not lacking courage.
【答案】　①for　②of　③in
完成句子
④They became exhausted (由于缺乏)
enough sleep.
⑤We have (不缺少)water here.
⑥She not usually (缺乏)confidence.
【答案】　④by/through/for lack of　⑤no lack of
⑥is；lacking in/does；lack for
9．adjustment n．调整；调节
Just as I tried t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o make the necessary adjustment to this new situation，Wang Ping appeared.(教材P18)
就在我努力地调整自己去适应新环境时，王平出现了。
Moving to the cit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y has been a difficult adjustment for us.搬到城市里住对我们来说是个艰难的适应过程。
①make an adjustment to 对……做出调整
②adjust sth.to sth.使……适合；适应……
adjust oneself to 使自己适应……
adjust to 适应……
I've made a few minor adjustments to the seating plan.我对座次表作了小小的调整。
The body quick ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly adjusts (itself) to changes in temperature.身体迅速(自行)调节以适应气温的变化。
Since everything ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) develops，we have to make adjustments the changing situation.
A．at B．on
C．to D．through
【解析】　句意：既然一切都在发展，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们不得不对日益变化的形势作出调整。make adjustments to“调整，调节”。其余搭配形式都不对。
【答案】　C
10．be/get back on one's feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原；重新振作；东山再起
Soon I was back on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.(教材P18)一会儿我就又恢复了，跟着他去领取了一台由电脑驱动的气垫车。
I need to forget all this and get back on my feet again.
我需要忘记这一切，然后重新振作起来。
We hope due to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e new economic program our country would be back on its feet.
我们都希望新的经济方案能让国家重新站起来。
be on one's feet站着
stand on one's own feet独立自主；自食其力
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起
get/rise to one's feet站起
jump to one's feet跳起；一跃而起
As soon as the bel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l rang the class were on their feet and ran out of the door.
铃声一响同学们就站起来跑出门去。
Young people must learn to stand on their own feet.
年轻人应当学着自食其力。
完成句子
①新董事长希望在六个月以内使新公司恢复元气。
The new chairman ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hopes to get the company within six months.
②在商店里工作的最大弊端就是你得整天站着。
The worst th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing about working in the shop is that you're all day.
③她永远也不会东山再起了。
She will never again.
【答案】　①back on its feet　②on your feet　③get back on her feet
11．lose sight of...看不见……；忽略；失去联系
However，I los ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.(教材P18)
但是，当我们到达一个看起来像是大市场的地方时，由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
When I looked up，I lost sight of the famous actor.
当我抬起头时，看不见那位著名的演员了。
catch sight of望见；看到
in sight在视线内
out of sight看不见；在视野之外
at the sight of一看见……
at first sight乍一看；第一眼看到
come into sight进入视野
Finally he caugh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t sight of the young man's light overcoat in the distance.
最后他总算在远处看见了那个年轻人穿的淡色外套。
The piece of pape ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r fell onto the surface of the river and drifted away out of sight.
这张纸掉到了河面上，漂走看不见了。
We fell in love wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th the smart cellphone at first sight，but much to our regret，it was too dear.我们一眼就喜欢上了那部精美的手机，但非常遗憾，它太贵了。
【提示】　sight用作不可数名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时，意为“视力；目光”。用作可数名词时，意为“景物；景象”。如：Last summer we saw the sights of Beijing.
去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。
用sight的相关短语填空
①The mother saw off her son until he was .
②He stopped his car ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) suddenly the dog in the middle of the road.
③ their head teacher coming，the students fell silent in a flash.
【答案】　①out of sight　 ②at the sight of
③Catching sight of/At the sight of
11．sweep up横扫；打扫；一下抱起(某人)；涌向；掠过
He was swept up into the centre of them.(教材P18)
他被卷入到他们(车队)中间去了。
After class ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we were asked to sweep up the dead leaves in the schoolyard.
下课后我们被要求扫除校园里的枯叶。
She swept the child up in her arms and stormed out.
她猛地把孩子抱起来，怒气冲冲地跑了出去。
sweep down冲倒
sweep away清除；扫除；冲走；刮走
The strong wind the tree up into the sky.
A．swept B．took
C．brought D．carried
【解析】　句意：强风把树吹到空中。swe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ep up“扫除，吹走”；take up“占据，继续”；bring up“抚养，呕吐”； carry up 无此用法。
【答案】　A
12．switch n．[C]开关；转换vt.& vi.(使)转换
Then Wang Ping f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lashed a switch on a computer screen，and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.(教材P18)
然后王平在电脑荧屏上的开关上闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般从地板下面升了起来。
Switch the freezer to the extra cold setting.
把冰箱的冷冻开关转到特冷档。
Switch off the TV before you go out.
你出门前要把电视关掉。
switch off切断(电流、气体等)
switch on打开(开关)；接通(电流等)
switch to更换
switch...to变换为；更改为；迁移到
switch over改用；换用
switch sth.with sb.和某人交换某物
switch sth.from sth.从某物转变到某物
They switched the location of the movie to Hawaii.
他们把这部电影的外景拍摄地换为夏威夷。
He secretly switched to a different company.
他秘密地跳槽到别的公司。
【提示】　“水龙头或煤气的开/关”用turn on/off；“电器的开/关”用turn on/off或switch on/off都可以。
完成句子
①记得在临走时关上灯。
Remember to the lights when you leave.
②很多银行正在改用新的电子系统，因为它效率更高。
A lot of banks a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re to the new electronic system because it's more efficient.
【答案】　①switch off/turn off　②switching over
13．Exhausted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.(教材P18)实在累坏了，我溜上床很快就睡着了。
(1)exhausted本句中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是形容词作状语，表示原因，说明主语所处的状态或说明事件的原因。表原因的形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词多放在句首，句子的主语是其逻辑主语，此类结构可改为从句或并列句。
Modest and easy to approach，he soon put everyone completely at ease.
＝Because he was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) modest and easy to approach，he soon put everyone completely at ease.
他是那样谦虚，平易近人，很快使大家放松下来。
He arrived home，hungry and tired.
＝He arrived home，and he was hungry and tired.
他回到家里，又饿又累。
He sat in the corner，silent.
他坐在角落里，一言不发。
He came over，eager to help.
他走过来，急于想帮忙。
She spent seven d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays in the wind and snow，cold and hungry.她又冷又饿地在风雪中度过了七天。
【对接高考】　
(2010·安徽高考) ，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A．Shy and cautious
B．Sensitive and thoughtful
C．Honest and confident
D．Lighthearted and optimistic
【解析】　考查形容词的用法。由后半句的“她用自己的微笑把阳光传播给人们”可知，她无忧无虑而且非常乐观。故选D项。
【答案】　D
句型转换(用形容词作状语)
①I had to give up the plan because I was unable to afford the time.
→
②Luckily we were safe when we arrived home.
→
③He forced the door，and then he opened the door.
→
【答案】　①Unable to affo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd the time，I had to give up the plan.　②Luckily we arrived home safe.　③He forced the door open.
完成句子
④He lay in bed， (醒着)．
⑤ (由于口渴又渴望休息片刻)，he went into the tea house and seated himself at a table.
【答案】　④awake　⑤Thirsty and eager to get a little rest
(2)slide into(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
Slide into t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he water slowly and walk around for a while.慢慢滑入水中，并且在水中走动一会儿。
She slid into the driver's seat.
她溜到了司机的座位上。
slide vt.& vi.溜走；潜行；滑动n.幻灯片；滑梯；雪崩
slide along/across/down滑行
slide out of...悄悄地溜出……
Daniel slid out of the room when no one was looking.
丹尼尔趁大家不注意溜出了房间。
写出句中slide 的词性及词义
⑥House prices may begin to slide. .
⑦The children were taking turns on the slides.
⑧Snow slide is one o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the major dangers faced in the mountains in winter. .
⑨Let's slide down this grassy slope. .
⑩After the slide show，everyone went home to sleep.
.
【答案】　⑥v.下降，下滑　⑦n.滑梯　⑧n.雪崩
⑨v.滑　⑩n.幻灯片
Period ⅢLearning about Language
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
重点词汇的理解与语法的掌握。
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够把过去分词作状语与状语从句相互互换，过去分词作定语与定语从句相互转换。
●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。
●教学流程设计
导入新课。→老师检查上堂课所布置的作业 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，检查学生对学案预习的情况。→让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第46－47页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
让学生讨论完成“语法精析”部分( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )见学案第47－48页)并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。←老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。←让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。
　　　　　↓
老师对语法部分给以点拨，让 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学生掌握本单元语法知识。→让学生完成“当堂双基达标”(见学案第48－49页)。→师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地方给出详解。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　布置作业。让学生完成课本第21页1、2、3题，预习学案Period Ⅳ Using Language (见学案第49－52页)←让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第49页)。
(见学生用书第46页)
1．speed up加速；使……加速
When we wanted th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e hovering carriage to speed up，we pressed hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.(教材P20)
当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力压下操纵杆并使它弯向我们想去的方向。
The rise in th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e cost of living has been speeding up in recent years.生活费用的上涨速度近年来一直在加快。
Can you try and speed things up a bit
你能不能设法加快一下事情的进度？
at a speed of以……速度
at speed以高速
at high/low speed以高速/低速
at full/top speed全速地
with great/good speed快速地
with all speed以全速，开足马力
speed limit车速限制；最高车速
The new airplane flies at twice the speed of sound.
这种新研制的飞机能以两倍音速的速度飞行。
When we're travelin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g at speed the passing countryside just seems a blur.当我们快速开车旅行时，沿途经过的乡村显得一片模糊。
【对接高考】　
(2011·山东高考)They are b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roadening the bridge to the flow of traffic.
A．put off　　　　　　　B．speed up
C．turn on D．work out
【解析】　考查动词短语。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )speed up the flow of traffic“加速车流”。句意：他们正在拓宽大桥，以加速车流。put off“推迟”；turn on“打开”；work out“解决；算出”。
【答案】　B
完成句子
①警车以每小时100英里的速度追赶前面那辆卡车。
The police car is runn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.
②敌人快速逃跑了。
The enemy fled .
③你不必全速行驶。
You needn't drive .
④因为超速行车，警车拦住了他。
He was stopped by the police for exceeding the .
【答案】　①at a speed of　②with great speed　③at full speed 　④speed limit
2．desert n．沙漠；荒漠vt.抛弃；遗弃；逃亡adj.沙漠的；荒凉的
What would you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )do if you found yourself alone on a desert island？(教材P21)
如果你发现自己独自在一座荒岛上，你会怎么做？
Once an Arab was traveling in the desert on his camel.
从前有一个阿拉伯人骑着骆驼在沙漠里旅行。
Some rich husbands often desert their wives.
一些富有的丈夫常常会抛弃自己的妻子。
desert from从……逃出；逃离
desert to投向，投靠……
Many soldiers are said to have deserted from the army.
据说许多士兵逃离了部队。
Many soldiers deserted to the enemy.
许多士兵已投降了敌人。
【语境串记】　
The man who was dese ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rted in the desert was eager to get some dessert to eat，and later he found a deserted hut.
被抛弃在沙漠里的那个人渴望弄些点心吃，后来他找到了一个无人居住的小木屋。
写出画线单词的词性及含义
①The plane crash landed in the desert.
②Don't desert your friend in need.
③In the picture is a deserted village.
【答案】　①名词，沙漠　②动词，抛弃　③形容词，无人居住的；被遗弃的
完成句子
④海伦被她丈夫抛弃了。
Helen by her husband.
⑤抗日战争期间，他投降了日本鬼子。
During the Anti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Japanese War，he the Japanese soldiers.
【答案】　④was deserted　⑤deserted to
　
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会过去分词在句中所充当的成分和作用。
①Worried about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.
②Well known f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or their expertise，his parents'company，called “Future Tours”，transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
③The capsule began ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming.
④Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.
⑤Soon I was ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ck on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
⑥Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
[自我总结]
动词的过去分词具有副词、形容词的特征，分词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )或分词短语在句中可作 、 ，还可作 、 等。
【答案】　状语；定语；表语；补足语
过去分词(短语)作状语和定语
一、过去分词(短语)作状语
过去分词(短语)作状语可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系。
1．作时间状语
相当于一个时间状语从句。
Once published ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，the dictionary will be very popular.(Once published＝Once it is published)
一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。
2．作原因状语
相当于一个原因状语从句。
Lost in thought ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，I didn't notice what was happening outside.(Lost in thought＝Because I was lost in thought)
由于陷入沉思，我没注意到外面发生了什么事情。
3．作条件状语
相当于一个条件状语从句。
Given another hour ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，I can also work out this problem.(Given another hour＝If I am given another hour)
如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。
4．作让步状语
相当于一个让步状语从句。
Beaten by the opp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )osite team，we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other.(Beaten by the opposite team＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team)
虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。
5．作方式或伴随状语
可以转换成一个并列句。
The old man got on th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e bus，supported by a girl.(supported by a girl＝and was supported by a girl)(方式)
在一位姑娘的搀扶下，老人上了公共汽车。
【注意】
(1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )带有相应的连词，如when，though，although，as if，as though，if，unless，until，once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。
If (I am)invited，I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will attend the wedding of my friend.如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。
(2)过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。
Asked why he was late，he cried.
被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。
Looking out of the window，I saw some students playing there.
我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生在那边玩耍。
(3)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.
小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的处罚。
(4)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。
常见的有：satisfied，s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urprised，interested，moved，worried，pleased，disappointed等。
Disappointed at th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e examination results，the girl stood there without saying a word.
因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那儿一句话也没说。
]
二、过去分词作定语
1．一般来说，过去分词作定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语时含有“完成”和“被动”的双重意义。但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被动”意义。如：boiled water(开水)；fallen leaves(落叶)；risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
My parents are both retired teachers.
我的父母都是退休教师。
2．单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词之前，也可后置。往往可用定语从句代替。
spoken English英语口语
iced beer冰镇啤酒
fried chips炸土豆条
Hurry up，there is only a little time left.
快点，时间不多了。
Things seen are mightier than things heard.
眼见为实，耳听为虚。
3．过去分词表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词之前或表示与句中谓语动词相应的经常性动作。
All the windows broken have been repaired.
所有坏了的窗子都已经修理好了。
He is a teacher loved and respected by his students.
他是一个受学生喜爱和尊敬的老师。
(见学生用书第48页)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2012·聊城高二调研)Many of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the party's traditional voters it at the last election.
A．reserved　　　　　　　B．deserted
C．preserved D．depressed
【解析】　考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )党的很多传统支持者在上一次选举中抛弃了它。“抛弃”应用desert表示。reserve“预定”；preserve“保护；保持”；depress“使忧愁”。
【答案】　B
2．(2012·凤阳高二检测)Can yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u imagine a plane flying 8,000 miles an hour
A．with a speed 　　　　　B．in a speed of
C．at a speed of D．by a speed
【解析】　at a speed of 是固定搭配，意为“以……的速度”。句意：你能想像一架飞机以每小时8 000英里的速度飞行吗？
【答案】　C
3．The child complained ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that the old man made no answer when where he lived.
A．asking B．being asked
C．having asked D．asked
【解析】　句意：孩子抱怨说当被问及住在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )哪里时，老人没有回答。此处用过去分词表示完成且被动的情况。when asked where he lived在句中作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句when he was asked where he lived。
【答案】　D
4．(2013届湖南凤凰 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )县中学高二月考) with the efforts that the students made，all the teachers nodded and smiled.
A．Satisfying B．Having satisfied
C．Satisfied D．To be satisfied
【解析】　句意：对学生们做出的努力感到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )满意，所有老师都点头笑了。be satisfied with“对……满意”，逗号之前为状语，所以用satisfied。
【答案】　C
5．(2012·宝鸡二检) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the job applied for，he decided to give up and start his own business.
A．Having not received
B．Not having given
C．Not having been received
D．Not having been given
【解析】　句意：由于没有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )得到申请的工作，他决定放弃并开始自己创业。give与he之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动形式；非谓语动词的否定形式是在非谓语动词前加上not，故答案为D。假如使用receive，应该是Not having received。
【答案】　D
6．(2012·重庆高考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.
A．Having been asked B．To ask
C．Having asked D．To be asked
【解析】　句意：那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一场好电影。分析题意可知说话者是被要求加班的，需用被动结构，故可排除表主动的B、C两项；D项to be asked表“将被要求”，不合句意。只有A项表达“已被要求”。
【答案】　A
7．(2012·宜昌高二检测) such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A．Having suffered B．Suffering
C．To suffer D．Suffered
【解析】　题干中already表明该动作已经完成或已经发生，故用完成时。句意：早就被严重污染了，现在净化这条河已经太晚了，已经净化不了了。
【答案】　A
8．(2012·湖南衡阳八中高二期中考试)W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat surprised me most was that there appeared a look on her face on hearing the unexpected news.
A．worrying B．worried
C．worry D．worries
【解析】　句意：使我最惊讶的是当她听到这意想不到的消息时，脸上呈现出担心的表情。修饰look用worried，表示“担心的表情”。
【答案】　B
9．(2011·天津高考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
A．Translating B．Translated
C．To translate D．Having translated
【解析】　句意：被译成英语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后，我们发现这个句子有了一个完全不同的语序。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致，本句中的主语the sentence与translate间为逻辑上的被动关系，故排除A、C、D三项，只有B项表示被动，故为答案。
【答案】　B
10．It is requested tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the reporter to blame for the wrong report.
A．referring to be B．referring to as
C．referred to be D．referred to being
【解析】　句意：要求被提出的那位记者为那次 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )错误报道承担责任。分析句子结构，referred to为过去分词短语作定语修饰reporter；request后的从句用虚拟语气should＋v.，should可省略，所以答案为C项。
【答案】　C
Ⅱ.句型转换(把下列句子转变成过去分词作状语的结构)
1．If I am offered great help，I can get rid of all the difficulties.
→ ，I can get rid of all the difficulties.
2．Because she was frightened，she asked me to go with her.
→ ，she asked me to go with her.
3．If he is given time，he'll make a first class tennis player.
→ ，he'll make a first class tennis player.
4．He stood there silently，and he was moved to tears.
→He stood there silently， .
5．When they were firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t introduced to the market，these products enjoyed great success.
→ ，these products enjoyed great success.
6．As he is encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder.
→ ，he works harder.
7．Although we were exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey.
→ ，we continued our journey.
8．When they were aske ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d who had broken the window，the children all kept silent.
→ ，the children all kept silent.
9．She was dressed in white and suddenly appeared before us.
→ ，she suddenly appeared before us.
10．Aunt Wu came in，and she was followed by her daughter.
→Aunt Wu came in， .
【答案】　1.Offered gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at help　2.Frightened　3.Given time　4.moved to tears　5.When first introduced to the market　6.Encouraged by the progress he has made 7．Exhausted by the climb　8.Asked who had broken the window　9.Dressed in white　10.followed by her daughter
Period ⅣUsing Language
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
掌握本课文中的词汇，理解课文，熟练掌握用英语表达 “做出预测”的用法，深度理解“未来世界 ”的含义并就“ 未来世界”的话题进行英语表达。
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)理解课文。
(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(4)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，发表自己的看法和给出学生认为合理的建议。
(5)掌握科幻类文章的写法。
●教学地位
本课时的内容是一篇导游对三十一世纪生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )活状况的解说报道， 另外加上作者的解说和心理活动，未来世界是日常生活中同学们经常谈及的话题，同学们对此也比较感兴趣。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
同学们正处于青春少年，对未 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来充满好奇和幻想，你想过三十一世纪人类的生活会是什么样子吗？到那时我们的通讯系统、生产车间等会和现在有啥区别吗？ 那么我们就通过对本文的学习，进一步了解一下未来世界的情况。
●教学流程设计
检查上节课所布置作业。→导入新课。→学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生快速阅读课文(见课本第22页)，完成“判断正误”(见学案第49页)。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
学生共同讨论。师生统一答案。←让学生再次仔 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细阅读课文，并完成学案中“语篇理解”部分(见学案第49页)。←学生就学案中的问题相互交换意见。老师指导学生统一答案。
　　　　　↓
学生完成“要点讲练”部分(见学案第49－5 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1页)。→学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。→学生完成“情景交际”部分(见学案第51页)。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓
让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第52页 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))。←学生完成“写作提升”部分(见学案第51页)。←老师指导学生共同找出答案。讲解本单元交际话题，并从高考命题角度来分析本交际话题。
　　　　　↓
让学生做“课时作业”(见学案第10 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5页)。→老师布置作业：让学生课下做“单元归纳提升”部分。(见学案第53页)和Workbook 第56页Using words and Expressions第1、2、3题，第57页 Using structures第1题。
(见学生用书第49页)
Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P22课文，判断下列各题正误
1．Manufacturing take ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s place not on the earth but on space stations. (　　)
2．The robots programmed and monitored by man produce goods. (　　)
3．During the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )process，there is no waste，no pollution and no environmental damage. (　　)
4．When goods are ready，they are sold on space stations. (　　)
【答案】　1－4　TTTF
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P22课文，选择最佳答案
1．People in the future communicate with each other by using .
A．computer
B．typewriter
C．a “thought pad”
2．Rubbish will be dealt with by .
A．burying it
B．burning it
C．a giant machine which can swallow it
3．If the user d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oesn't think his or her message clearly， may be sent.
A．an unclear message
B．a right message
C．a wrong message
【答案】　1－3　CCA
(见学生用书第49页)
1．Inside was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an exhibition of the most up to date inventions of the 31st century.(教材P22)
里面展示了31世纪最先进的发明。
本句为完全倒装句。正常的语序为：An exh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ibition of the most up to date inventions of the 31st century was inside.
常见的完全倒装句式：
①表地点状语的介词短语＋谓语＋主语(名词)
②副词(now，then，the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re/here，up，down，away，in，out等)＋谓语(go，come，run，walk，rush，fall等)＋主语(名词)
③There＋be(live，stand，lie等表示存在的动词)＋主语
④表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)
⑤such＋be＋主语
There stands a stone bridge across the river.
河上有一座石桥。
Away went the crowd one by one.
人们一个一个地离去了。
【提示】　上述情况中，若主语为人称代词，而不是名词的话，则主谓语序不变。如：There he comes.他来了。
句型转换(用倒装句)
①A few high buildings stand inside our school.
→ a few high buildings.
②My friend Jim was among them.
→ my friend Jim.
③The bell goes and the teacher came in.
→ the bell，and the teacher.
【答案】　①Inside our school stand　②Among them was　③There goes；in came
完成句子
④广场的中央矗立着一块纪念碑。
a monument.
⑤坐在前面的是一位老人，他给我们讲述了长征的故事。
who told us the stories about the Long March.
⑥我那有着年轻快乐的心境的日子已经消失了。
when my heart was young and gay.
【答案】　④In the center of the square stands
⑤Ahead sat the old man　⑥Gone are the days
2．instant n．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的
You place the metal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant it's sent.(教材P22)
你把这种金属带放在头上，整理思路，按下发送键，然后想着你要发送的信息，刹那间信息就发出去了。
The flood victims were in instant need of help.
水灾难民急需求助。
in an instant(＝immediately)立刻
the instant(that)(＝as soon as)一……就……
(at)any instant随时；在任何情况下
for an instant片刻；一瞬间
I recognized him the instant I saw him.
我一眼就认出他了。
Fortune can be made or lost in an instant.
财富很可能会在一瞬间获得，也可能在一瞬间失去。
For an instant，he seemed to look at me，too.
有那么一会儿他似乎也在看我。
for an instant/in an instant
for an instant 暂时，一时。相当于for a w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hile，for a moment，for a minute，多用于完成时态、一般时态或将来时态，常与持续性动词连用。
in an instant 一会儿，马上，立刻。相当于in a while，in a moment，in a minute，通常用于将来时，常与终止性动词连用。
He promised to be back in an instant.
他答应过一会儿就回来的。
Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse.
有那么一会儿，我以为他要拒绝了。
【教师备课资源】　
the instant后面可以接从句，表示“一……就”。
英语中有此含义的短语或单词还有：
the moment/minute/second...一……就……
each/every time...每次……
next/the last/the first time...下次/上次/第一次……
instantly/immediately/directly＋从句
on/upon＋n./v. ing
(2012·承德高二检测)The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )machine is so advanced that it will start you press the button.
A．the instant　　　　 B．the instantly
C．on the instant D．for an instant
【解析】　由后面的句子可知应用能引导从句的instant短语，所以A项正确。
【答案】　A
3．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的；贪得无厌的
A giant machine，alw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ays greedy for more，swallows all the waste available.(教材P22)一个巨形机器，总是贪得无厌的吞下所有可得到的垃圾。
He looked at the gold with greedy eyes.
他用贪婪的眼睛看着这些金子。
Don't be so greedy！Leave some cake for everyone else.
不要如此贪得无厌！留一些蛋糕给其他人。
be greedy for渴望得到……
be greedy to do sth.渴望做某事
It is/was greedy of sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说真是贪婪
greed n．贪婪；贪心
The students are greedy for knowledge.
学生们对知识如饥似渴。
Tom is greedy to do his homework.
汤姆急着作家庭作业。
It was greedy of them to take such bribes.
他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。
【教师备课资源】　
①表示“渴望获得某物”的短语有：ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pe for ，desire for，long for sth.，be greedy for sth.，be dying for sth.，be hungry for sth.，be thirsty for sth.，be anxious for sth.
②表示“渴望做某事”的短语有： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be dying to do sth.，be greedy to do sth.，be eager to do sth.，long to do sth.，hope to do sth.，desire to do sth.，be anxious to do sth.
完成句子
①He is a (贪婪的) man.Nothing can stop his (贪婪) for money.
②He was so (贪婪的) that he broke the law.
③我们应该贪婪地享受每一天的阳光。
We should the sunshine each day.
④这位青年设计师总是追求新的东西。
The young designer something new.
【答案】　①greedy; greed　②greedy　③be greedy to enjoy　④is always greedy for
4．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
Nothing is wasted，and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) everything，even plastic bags，is recycled.(教材P22)
什么都没有浪费，一切东西，甚至塑料袋，都被回收了。
Do you think people should recycle newspapers
你认为人们应当循环利用报纸吗？
recycled paper再生纸
recycling n．回收利用
recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的
All our envelopes are made from recycled paper.
我们所有的信封都是由再生纸制成的。
Researchers are devel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oping ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal and glass.研究人员正在开发让塑料像金属和玻璃一样可以循环使用的方法。
形象记忆
单句改错
①Plastic bottles can recycle into clothing.
【答案】　①recycle→be recycled
句型转换
②We can use these tin cans again after processing to cut the cost.
→We can to cut the cost.
【答案】　②recycle these tin cans
翻译句子
③We must recycle the cardboard boxes.
④回收利用对于帮助保护我们的环境很重要。
【答案】　③我们必须循环使用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )纸盒子。　④Recycling is important to help protect our environment.
表示“预测”(making predictions)的常用交际用语有：
supposing that...
Do you imagine that...
I wonder if ...
Is it likely /unlikely that...
I imagine that...
Is it possible that...
I'm sure...
Do you suppose that...
perhaps /maybe/possibly...
most likely...
probably...
1．—Do you th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ink their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games
— .Ours is much stronger than theirs.
A．Of course　　　　　B．It depends
C．Don't mention it D．By no means
【解析】　句意：——你认 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为他们的乒乓球队在即将到来的亚运会上会获得冠军吗？——绝对不会，我们的球队比他们的球队要强大得多。of course当然可以；it depends视情况而定；don't mention it不用谢；by no means绝对不会，绝不。根据句意可知答案为D项。
【答案】　D
2．—Would she mind playing against her former teammates
— She is willing to play against any tough players.
A．I think so. B．I'm not surprised.
C．Of course. D．Not likely!
【解析】　句意：——她介意把她的前队友击败 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )吗？——不可能介意的！她愿意击败任何一个难缠的对手。I think so.意为“我认为如此”；I'm not surprised.意为“我不感到惊讶”；Of course.意为“当然可以”；Not likely！意为“不可能！”。根据句意可知答案为D项。
【答案】　D
如何写想象类作文
(一)想象类作文是一种创造型写作，属于开放 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式作文的一种。此类写作一般会给学生一定的素材或主题，让学生在此基础上自由发挥、创作。它不受“文体形式、内容要点”的限制，不但考查学生的语言能力，而且对学生的想象能力、发散思维、思辨能力等也有很高的要求。想象类作文，因涉及到未来事物，因此描写时主要以一般将来时为主。
另外，想象类作文中可能会用到较多 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比较难的词汇和句型，一定要注意避免出现拼写错误。虽然高考中鼓励同学们使用一些较为复杂的句式，但一味追求句式的复杂，反而不自然。可以长短句结合，这样可以避免出现过多的错误。还有，这类作文多为提纲性作文范畴。题目要求对未来生活进行展望，在进行描写的同时，要立足文章所给的要点，在此基础上可进行适当的发挥，但切记不可天马行空，任意发挥。
(二)写好想象类文，要做到以下几点：
1．观察生活，表现生活。想象不是胡编乱造，要源于生活实际。只有熟悉生活，仔细地观察生活，才能有想象的原材料。
2．明确中心，展开想象。动笔写想象性作文之 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前先要明确中心，即写作目的。在这个基础上列好提纲，写出主题句。写主题句时要注意：一个段落只能有一个主题句；主题句的范围必须最大限度地缩小、具体化；尽可能选择准确、充分、档次高的关键词概括自己的观点和看法。
3．想象美好，立意深刻。想象性作文必须要有一个“美好”的中心思想。如果只是瞎编一个热闹离奇的故事，就失去了想象的意义。
4．语言规范，表达地道。选用自己熟悉的词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汇和句型来组织语言进行表达，如will，probably，possibly，maybe，likely，may，might，could，would，It's possible/probable/likely that...，I often dream about...，Perhaps we will be able to...等都是该种作文中常会用到的。
请根据下面的提示，以“Life in the future”为题，对人类未来的生活进行描写。
1．某些人可以到月球上度假；
2．某些科学家可能在海底生活；
3．每家都有可视电话(videophone)，通过可视电话可以体检或购物；
4．孩子可以在家通过电视或广播接受教育；
5．机器人为你做家务。
[思路分析]　
本篇文章可以从以下几个方面入手：
1．首先确定文章的时态：一般将来时；
2．对所给信息进行整合分段，第一段对前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三项提示进行总体描写，第二、三段分别对“孩子的教育和由机器人做家务”做出具体描述，最后对全文作出总结。
[词汇热身]　
1．像是什么样子
2．也许
3．我相信
4．做家务
5．实现
6．梦想
7．实现/变为现实
【答案】　1.be like　2.mayb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e/perhaps　3.I'm sure/certain　4.do housework　5.come true/be realized/realize　6.dream about/of　7.come true/realize
[句式温习]　
1．未来的生活是什么样子？
What will the future life ？
2．我相信这梦想一定会实现。
the dream will .
3．我们可以不用离家就能体检或购物。
We can have a m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )edical examination or do some shopping .
4．每天我们可以告诉机器人做什么——购物和做家物等等。
Every day we can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tell the robot what to do—shopping，housework .
【答案】　1.be like　2.I'm s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure / I believe；come true/will be realized　3.without leaving our homes 　4.and so on
[连句成篇]
【参考范文】　
Life in the future
Sometimes I dream ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out life in the future.What will it be like？Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday，and some scientists will live under the sea.Maybe we will have videophones in every home.We can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes.
And I'm sure there'll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be more educational programmes on the radio or TV，so perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day.They'll study at home.
Not everyone like doi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng housework.Maybe in the future each family will have a robot.Every day we can tell the robot what to do—shopping，housework and so on.I believe the dream will come true some day.
(见学生用书第53页)
Ⅰ.立体式复习单词　
A．基础单词
1． adj.在前的；早先的
2． n．指导；向导；导游vt.指引；指导
3． vt.容忍；忍受
4． v．& n．缺乏
5． vt.系牢；扎牢
6． v．(使)闪光；(使)闪现
7． adj.乐观(主义)的
8． n．沙漠；荒原
9． n．瞬间adj.立即的
10． vt.吞下；咽下
【答案】　1.previous　2.guide　3.tolerate　4.lack
5．fasten　6.flash　7.optimistic　8.desert　9.instant
10．swallow
B．词汇拓展
11． n．印象；感想→ v．(使)留下深刻印象
12． adj.时常发生的→ adv.不断地
13． n．调整；调节→ vt.调整；调节
14． v．按；压；逼迫→ n．压力
15． n．定居；解决→ vi.定居；移居到→ n．移民；移民者
【答案】　11.impression；impress　12.constant；constantly
13．adjustment；adjust　14.press；pressure　15.settlement；settle；settler
Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语　
A．短语互译
1．拿起；接受；开始
2．带领某人参观
3．因……而责备……
4．加速
5．(困境后)恢复；完全复原
6． be uncertain of
7． be under repair
8． be similar to
【答案】　1.take up　2.show...around　3.blame...for
4．speed up　5.be back on one's feet　 6.不确定　7.在修理中　8.与……相似
B．用上面短语的适当形式完成下列句子
9．The road me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant for vehicles ，so the drivers are required to take other routes.
10．She the receiver and began to dial the number.
11．He the meaning of the complicated sentence though having read it several times.
12．Plenty of fresh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) air and exercise will surely his recovery.
13．They have decided t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the children the small town because the brightly colored houses there attract their attention.
14．In the class meetin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g，the teacher the students their not working hard.
【答案】　9.is under repai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r　10.took up　11.was uncertain of　12.speed up　13.show；around　14.blamed；for
Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型　
1．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
【句式仿写】　因为不满意，他决定找到一个解决问题的更好的方法。
，he decided to find a better way to solve the problem.
2．However，I lost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
【句式仿写】　一所新校在一片曾是废墟的地方建立起来。
A new school is set up .
3．These carriages ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat，you can move swiftly.
【句式仿写】　他们对孩子关心不太够，就试图用给钱的方式来弥补。
They try to their children money.
4．Inside was an exhi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bition of the most up to date inventions of the 31st century.
【句式仿写】　农舍后面是一片稻田。
Behind the farm house .
【答案】　1.Not satisfied　2.in what was a wasteland
3．make up for their lack of attention by giving　4.was a rice field
阅读理解之推理判断题(三)
文章来源和读者对象推断题
推测文章的来源或者推测读者对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )象要求读者本身要具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身已经具备的常识结合起来。比如读者本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、童话、广告、教材、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等有基本的了解，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出最佳答案。
(2012·北京高考·A)
The Basics of Math—Made Clear
[1]Basic Math introd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uces students to the basic concepts of mathematics，as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas.These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数)and beyond.
...
[7]If the course fai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ls to provide complete satisfaction to you，you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer.Or you can get your money back.
59．Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from
A．A news report.　 B．A book review.
C．A lesson plan. D．An advertisement.
【解析】　D。文章来源推断题。根据文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )章的标题和语气，以及文章最后一段“要是我们的课程不能让你完全满意，你可以换成我们所提供的其他课程，或者是直接退款”可以看出这篇文章来源于一则广告。故选D。
判断文章的来源和读者对象，要求考生准确把握 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章的结构、表现形式以及语言的表达方式尤其是文章的开始和结束段的语言，结合平时对各种体裁和题材文章的阅读所积累的常识进行推断。答题时切记不要局限于文章的细节描述，而要整体把握文章可能的来源和读者对象的倾向性，要熟悉各种体裁和题材文章所出现的媒体，才能做出准确无误的判断。
(2012·福建高考·B)
At exactly eleven Sir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Percival knocked and entered，with anxiety and worry in every line of his face.This meeting would decide his future life，and he obviously knew it.
“You may wo