【课堂新坐标，同步备课参考】2013-2014学年高中英语人教版选修六教师用书Unit 5　The power of nature

Unit 5　The power of nature
【美文阅读】
基拉韦厄火山是世界上最大的活火山体，位于美国夏威夷岛东南部。这座活动力旺盛的活火山，至今仍经常喷发。
Mount Kilauea
Mount Kilauea，the wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rld's most active volcano，is on the island of Hawaii.It is not far from Manua Loa，the largest volcano in the world.Mauna Loa and Mount Kilauea together form the Volcanoes National Park in Hawaii.
Mount Kilauea has pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )duced lava more than fifty times in the last one hundred years.Sometimes the lava moves slowly.At other times it pours out very fast as a huge amount of presure forces it from the volcano.During these times，it moves almost as quickly as water moving down the side of mountain.Sometimes Mount Kilauea produces a large amount of lava that seems like rivers of fire.When the lava from Mount Kilauea reaches the ocean，its fierce heat produces a great amount of steam that rises into the air.The lava is so hot that it continues to burn underwater for some time.The lava from Mount Kilauea continues to add land to the island as the volcanoes of Hawaii have always done.It was
these volcanoes that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )formed the islands of Hawaii.Most of the time the lava of Mount Kilauea seems to move peacefully toward the ocean.Yet it is not as peaceful as it seems from a distance.
In recent yea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs the lava destroyed one small town on the island.The boiling rock slowly covered the town.It blocked roads and destroyed them.Nothing can stop the lava of Mount Kilauea.
Experts say the vol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )canoes of Mauna Loa and Mount Kilauea are a serious threat to property(财产)on many parts of the island.They also say the volcanoes of the island of Hawaii are proof that the changing environment of the earth is and will always remain beyond human control.
【诱思导学】
1．Do you think so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me of lava will keep burning for a while after it flows into the ocean，why
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．What can we infer from the last paragraph
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】　1.Yes，it is.Because it is much too hot.
2．The volcanoes of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Mount Kilauea will go on erupting and threaten the island.
PeriodⅠPreviewing
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本单元的中心话题是火山、飓风、地震 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和洪水等自然灾害。听说读写等语言知识和语言技能主要围绕“自然灾害”及如何预防和利用自然灾害这一主题设计的。本单元引导学生讨论这些问题，目的在于让他们了解自然界的威力，认识到人类只有保护自然，才能有效地预防自然灾害并改造和利用自然。
●新课导入建议
通过教材第33页的示意图引导学生了解火山 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的形成过程和喷发状况，让学生们相互交流有关火山等自然灾害的知识，让学生认识到：尽管自然界有无穷的威力，但只要人类注意保护自然，就能有效地预防自然灾害并改造自然。
●教学流程设计
???
??
?
?学生再次仔细阅读课文(课本第34－35页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第75页)。?
?
??
　　　?
老师布置作业，让学生看课本第34－3 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )5页并完成课本第35页1、2、3 题，预习学案Period Ⅱ(见学案第76－82页), 写一篇关于预防自然灾害方面的习作。
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P34－35的Reading部分，完成下列表格
The
writer's job
Travel to unusual p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )laces and work 1.________ people from all over the world.
Help protect ordinary people from the 2.________.
Collect informa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion for a 3.________ about Mount Kilauea.Help other scientists to 4.________ where lava will flow next and how fast.
The first
experience
The day
of the
5.______
My bed began 6.________ and I heard a strange sound.
My bedroom became as
7.________ as day.
Red hot lava 8.________ hundreds of metres into the air.
The day
after the
eruption
Two other scientist ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the 9.________ that had been formed during the eruption.
We slowly 10.________to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.
【答案】　1.alongsi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de　2.volcano　3.database　4.predict　5.eruption　6.shaking　7.bright　8.was fountaining　9.crater　10.made our way
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P34－35的Reading部分，选择最佳答案
1．Why did the writer put on special clothes to look at the crater
A．Because he wanted to take some special photos.
B．Because he was concerned about his safety.
C．Because the other two scientists asked him to.
2．What bad effect does lava cause
A．It burns the field.
B．It buries everything in its path under the molten rock.
C．It hardens the field.
3．How many years has the author worked as a volcanologist
A．10 years.　　　B．20 years.　　　C．30 years.
4．Where is Mount Kilauea
A．In Alaska. B．In Ohio. C．In Hawaii.
5．What caused the author's bedroom to become as bright as day
A．Volcano eruption.
B．Flood.
C．Typhoon.
【答案】　1－5　B B B C A
Ⅲ.课文缩写
I was 1.________ as a volcanologist twenty years ago.Sometimes I have to use scientific 2.________ to do my job.I collect the information and 3.________ the information to help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.And the lava that flows slowly like a 4.________ down the mountains causes much damage.However，the 5.________ itself is really exciting to watch.I had ever seen one and it was an 6.________ fantastic sight.After the eruption，we had white protective 7.________，8.________ and special gloves to have a much closer look at it.It was very difficult，but we slowly 9.________ to the edge of the crater and looked down into the centre.Today，having studied volcanoes for many years，I'm still amazed at their beauty and their 10.________ to cause great damage.
【答案】　1.appointed　2. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )equipment　3.evaluate　4.wave　5.eruption　6.absolutely　7.suits　8.helmets　9.made our way　10.potential
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．alongside　　A．next to or along the side of something
2．appoint B．to caref ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ully consider something to see how useful or valuable it is
3．evaluate C．a line o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f raised water that moves across the surface of the sea
4．wave D．the possi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bility that something will develop in a certain way，or have a particular effect
5．equipment E．to choose someone for a position or a job
6．potential F．all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the special tools，machines，clothes etc.that you need for a particular activity
【答案】　1－6　A E B C F D
Ⅱ.短语填空
用下列短语的适当形式填空
compare...with，prote ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct...from，be appointed as...make one's way，burn to the ground，as well as，fast asleep，be about to
1．You'd better often ________ your handwriting ________
others'.
2．A chemistry factory ____________ in the fire.
3．He ____________ Chairman of the Students Union in our school.
4．Though it was raining，the soldiers ______________ the village.
5．When I came home，my father was ____________．
6．I ______________ the station to pick up him when he telephoned me that he was delayed.
【答案】　1.compare；wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h　2.was burnt to the ground　3.has been/was appointed as　4.were making their way to　5.fast asleep　6.was about to go to
Ⅲ.句式背诵
1．Having_collected_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and_evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流失，流速是多少。
2．I_was_about_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
3．It_was_not_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )easy_to_walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.
穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓朝火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。
4．The other two climb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this_being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
　
较好 一般 较差
对教材整体结构理解程度
对文章大意的理解程度
单词短语的掌握程度
句型的掌握程度
　自己的不足：________________________________________________________________________　
　________________________________________________________________________　
　________________________________________________________________________　
Period ⅡWarming Up & Reading
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学会用英语写一些关于对自然灾害的描述和如何预防自然灾害的简单短文，并培养学生养成自觉用英语写作或随时描述某些自然现象的好习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
●新课导入建议
We all know that the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )volcano, hurricane or earthquake have a bad effect on the life of human being. What shall we do when faced with one of these powerful natural forces Now I want to ask ××× to say something about his/her ways to protect himself/herself from them.(老师让×××同学谈谈他/她的在自然灾害面前保护自己的一些方法。)
●教学流程设计
??让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第76－82页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。?
?老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。?
?
?布置作业。让学生完成课本第36页第1、2、3题，“课时作业”和预习“Period Ⅲ”(见学案第81－87页)。
1．erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生
It shows a volcano erupting.(教材P33)
它表示的是火山喷发时的情形。
Hot ashes and molten lava erupted from the volcano.
热火山灰和熔岩从火山中喷发出来。
Violence erupted in the city after the football match.
足球赛后城里爆发了暴力事件。
erupt into doing sth.突然……起来
eruption n．爆发
　My father just erupted into fury.我父亲勃然大怒。
My houses were dest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )royed in the major volcanic eruption.在这次火山大爆发中许多房子被毁。
erupt/explode/burst
erupt 喷出，爆发。强调突然发生，也可用作比喻。
explode 爆炸，爆发。指混合物被点燃后短时间内释放大量的热量，同时发出巨响。用作比喻时表示一种感情的突然释放。
burst 强调在强大的压力作用下突然爆裂。也可用作比喻，指人的感情的宣泄。
用erupt/explode/burst的适当形式填空
①The volcano______________in 2012.
②The pipes had___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________and the house was under two feet of water.
③There was a huge bang as if someone____________a rocket outside.
④Violence______________after the strike.
【答案】　①erupted　②burst　③had exploded
④erupted
2．compare vt.比较；相比
Have you ever co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nsidered how weak humans are compared with a volcano，hurricane or earthquake？(教材P33)
你是否想过与火山、飓风或地震相比，人类是何等脆弱？
The report compares ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the two different types of computers.这份报告比较了两种不同类型的电脑。
If you compare th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eir work you'll find hers is much better.要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。
compare A with B　把A和B进行比较
compare A to B　把A比作B(显示某人或某事物与其他人或其他事物有相似之处)
compared with/to与……相比，常在句中作状语。
compare notes对笔记，交换意见
beyond compare/comparison举世无双，无与伦比
　She is lovely beyond compare.
她真是可爱得无与伦比。
He compared Beijing to the heart of China.
他把北京比作中国的心脏。
His poem compares poorly with yours.
他的诗做得不如你的好。
________ other goo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d students，the teacher thinks，Hank is ________ student.
A．Compared with；a most satisfied
B．Compared to；the most satisfied
C．Comparing to；the more satisfying
D．Compared with；a more satisfying
【解析】　句意：与其他好学生相比，老师 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )认为Hank是一个更让人感到满意的学生。compared with/to“与……相比”。more satisfying“更让人满意的”，形容词的比较级前a表示“一个”在本句中不表示特指故不用the。故D项正确。
【答案】　D
3．equipment n．[U]设备；装备
Sometimes wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rking outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.(教材P34)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和游客。但是我从来没感到厌烦过。
They packed the f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood and camping equipment in the trailer.他们把食物和野营用具都装上了拖车。
We'll gradually upgrade weapons and other equipment.
我们将逐步改进武器和其他装备。
【提示】　equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能直接加不定冠词。
a piece of equipment一件设备
equip v．装置；配备
equip sb.with sth.用……装备某人
equip sb.for sth.为……装备/准备
be equipped to do sth.配备……做某事
be well equipped装备精良
　We'll equip our office with word processors.
我们将在办公室配备文字处理机。
The library is richly equipped with books.
该图书馆藏书颇丰。
完成句子
①你受的教育将使你很好地谋生。
Your education will__________you__________．
②房间里都装了摄像机。
The rooms ________________ video cameras.
③计算机是你将要买的最重要的一件设备。
A computer is______________you will buy.
【答案】　①equip； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to earn a good living　②are equipped with　③the most important piece of equipment
4．appoint vt.任命；委派；约定；安排
I was appointed a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.(教材P34)二十年前我被任命为火山学家，为夏威夷火山观测站工作。
The oldest gener ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al was appointed (to be) marshal of the armies.那位老将军被任命为部队元帅。
They appointed a place to exchange experience.
他们指定一个地方交流经验。
appoint sb.to be/as...任命某人(某职)
appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事
appoint time/place for...安排；确定时间/地点……
appointed adj.约定的；指定的
appointment n．任命；约会；约定
have/make an appointment with sb.
约见某人；与某人约会
　He was appointed as the president's secretary.
他被任命为董事长秘书。
We must appoint somebody to finish the tough task.
我们得指定一个人去完成这项艰难的任务。
I hope to get a teaching appointment at the new school.
我希望被委派到那所新学校教书。
用appoint的适当形式填空
①The time ________ for the meeting is 2 p．m.
②He can't keep the ________ because he is ill.
完成句子
③史密斯先生被任命为我们学校的校长。
Mr.Smith ________________ headmaster of our school.
④一位律师被指定为这个孩子的代理律师。
A lawyer ________________ the child.
【答案】　①appointed　② ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )appointment　③was appointed as/to be　④was appointed to represent
单项填空
⑤He was________as manager by the director for his wonderful performance in the past year.
A．appointed B．．thought of
C．considered D．regarded
【解析】　考查词义辨析。app ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oint任命；think of考虑；consider认为；regard认为。句意：因为他过去一年里的完美表现，他被董事长任命为经理。
【答案】　A
5．evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计
Having collected and e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )valuated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(教材P34)
收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流失，流速是多少。
I can't evaluate his ability without seeing his work.
我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评价他的能力。
The school has onl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y been open for six months，so it's hard to evaluate its achievement.
该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。
evaluate/estimate/value
evaluate 很少用来表示“估价”或“估计”某物的市场价值，大多是用来表示“评价”
estimate 表示的“估计”、“估算”只是猜测，甚至只是一种想法
value 估计某物的“价值；价格”
　The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.
这棵树估计至少有700年了。
It can be di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fficult to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments.
要对各种治疗方法的效果作出评估会很难。
Paintings valued at over $200，000 were stolen from her home.
几幅估价为二十多万美元的画从她家里被盗走了。
选词填空：evaluate，estimate，value
①We ________ that it would cost about 5，000 dollars.
②The car has been ________ at over 20，000 dollars.
③We need to ________ how well the policy is working.
【答案】　①estimated　②valued　③evaluate
6．burn to the ground全部焚毁
Unfortunatel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y，we cannot move their homes out of the way，and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.(教材P34)
遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。
The building was b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )urnt to the ground due to the fireworks.放烟火使得大楼全部焚毁。
burn down把……烧成平地；烧光；火力减弱
burn off烧掉某物
burn out烧光；烧毁；熄灭
burn away逐渐烧完；烧光
burn up烧起来；烧尽；烧毁；消耗热能
burn...to death烧死……
burn oneself out精疲力竭
　The pile of paper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had burnt away to nothing when we arrived.当我们到达的时候这堆纸已烧成了灰烬。
The building(was) burnt down and only ashes were left.那座楼烧得只剩下灰烬。
The house was burnt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out although it had resulted from that little fire.
尽管起因于那堆小火，那房屋却被烧空了。
完成句子
①他往火上加木材想让它烧得更旺。
He put more wood on the fire to make it ____________．
②他们的房子被焚为平地，无处可住。
With their houses ______________，they had no place to live in.
③他要是继续这样拼命工作，就会把自己累垮。
If he doesn't stop working so hard，he'll ________ himself ________．
【答案】　①burn up　②burnt to the ground
③burn；out
7．wave n．波涛；波浪vi.波动；起伏；挥手
The lava that flows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.(教材P34)
而顺着山坡下流的像浪头一样的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被埋在熔岩下面了。
She waved to the cheering crowd in acknowledgement.她向欢呼的群众挥手致意。
The waves crashed against the rocks.
海浪冲击着岩石。
in waves一阵阵地；波状地
wave length波长
wave sth.aside不理会
wave to sb.朝某人挥手
wave sth.at sb.朝某人挥动某物
wave sb.goodbye/wave goodbye to sb.
向某人挥手告别
　Guilt and horror flooded her in waves.
歉疚和恐惧一阵阵涌上她的心头。
My mother was crying as I waved her goodbye.
我向母亲挥手告别时她哭了。
完成句子
①My opinion on the problems ________________(不予理会)．
②Why did you ________(向……招手)him
③I showed my pass to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he security guard and he ____________(挥手让我通过)me to go.
【答案】　①was waved aside　②wave at　③waved me to pass by
8．I was_about_t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(教材P34)
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
该句是并列句，核心句式是：...b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e about to...when...，其中when是并列连词，常用于引导一个突然出现的动作，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于and at this/that time。
I was about to go out when Tom came in.
我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
我正要出去，电话铃响了。
并列连词when常用于以下句型：
①was/were doing...when...
正在做……这时……
②was/were about to do...when...
正要做……这时……
③was/were on the point of doing...when...
刚要做……这时……
④had just done...when...刚做完……这时……
⑤had hardly/sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arcely done...when...Hardly/Scarcely had...done...when...刚做完……这时/那时……
　I was walking in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )street when I saw my old friend Mary.我正在街上走着，这时我看见了我的老朋友玛丽。
I was about to go/on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the point of going to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came.
我正要出门去你家辅导你英语，这时我叔叔来了。
I had just finished my work you called me.
我刚完成工作这时你来电话了。
The game had hardly/scarcely begun when it started to rain.
＝Hardly/Scarcely had the game begun when it started to rain.
比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。
【对接高考】
①(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)I had hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly got to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
A．when　　　　 B．．than
C．until D．after
【解析】　句意：我刚到办公室， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。“hardly...when...”是固定句型，意为“刚……就……”。类似的结构还有scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...。以上结构中如果no sooner，hardly，scarcely放在句首时句子用倒装语序。解答本题的关键是句中的副词hardly。
【答案】　A
②(2011·浙江高考)One Friday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.
A．after B．while
C．since D．when
【解析】　考查连词辨析。语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意表示我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。be doing...when...表示“正在做事，这时(突然)……”，是常用结构，故选D项。
【答案】　D
句型转换
①I was just beginning to talk about this question.
Just then you interrupted me.
→I ______________________ about this question __________ you interrupted me.
→I ______________________ about this question ____________ you interrupted me.
完成句子
②我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。
We __________________________ someone broke is.
③我正要上车，这时我听到有人喊我的名字。
I ____________________ getting on the bus ____________ I heard my name called.
【答案】　①was about t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o talk；when；was on the point of talking；when　②were having a meeting when　③was on the point of；when
9．absolutely adv.完全地；绝对地
There had been an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air.It was an absolutely fantastic sight.(教材P34)在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射达几百米高。真是绝妙的奇景！
Although it is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) impossible to absolutely predict that a volcano will break out at some minute，it is possible in some period.要绝对地预测一座火山将在某一分钟爆发是不可能的，但是，在某个时期爆发还是能够预测到的。
You are absolutely right.你完全正确。
absolute adj.纯粹的；完全的；绝对的
absolute trust完全信任
absolute proof确凿证据
【教师备课资源】
absolutely表示perf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ectly，completely，无比较级，不被表示程度的副词修饰，如very，但可用nearly等修饰。absolute同样无比较级，不用very修饰，可用nearly等修饰。
完成句子
①美没有绝对的标准。
There is no________________for beauty.
②我完全相信你的判断。
I trust your judgement________________．
【答案】　①absolute standard　②absolutely
10．suit n．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜
We had white prote ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctive suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.(教材P34)
我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特制的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。
I don't think this song suits him.
我认为这首歌不适合他。
Her speech was well suited to the occasion.
她的讲话在这个场合非常适宜。
suit oneself随自己的意愿行事
suit sth.to sth.使某物适合于(另一物)
suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
be suitable for sth./sb.适于某物/人
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
　He tried to suit his performance to the audience.
他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。
The show is not su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itable for young children on the whole.总之，该表演不太适合少儿观看。
fit/suit/match
词汇 辨析 典型例句
fit 多指大小、形状合适，可引申为“吻合，协调”。 The trousers don't fit him；they are too small.这条裤子不合他的身，太小了。
suit 多指颜色、花样或款式适合；还可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。 This style of dress suits you well.你穿这种款式的衣服很合适。
match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。 Her clothes and hat don't match.她的衣服和帽子不协调。
　
根据语境用fit，suit，match完成下列小片段
①The dress ________ you well，but its colour doesn't ________ you and you need a tie to ________it.
完成句子
②请自便，不过我曾希望过你能来帮助。
______________，but I had hoped that you would come and help.
③这所房子不适合大家庭居住。
The house ________________ a large family.
【解析】　①fits；suit；match　②Suit yourself　③is not suitable for
11．make one's way前往；向……走去；成功
It was not easy to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.(教材P35)穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。
Though it was raining hard，he made his way home.
尽管雨下得很大，他还是回家了。
Being exhausted，she made her way to bed.
她很疲惫，朝着床走了过去。
If you want to ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke your way，you must learn to work hard when you are still young.
你要想成功，就得学会趁着年轻努力工作。
①feel one's way摸索着前行
fight/push/one's way推挤着前行
wind one's way蜿蜒向前
force one's way out挤出去；冲出去
push one's way in挤进去
lose one's way迷路
②on the way to在去……的路上
in the way挡道
in no way决不；一点也不
in a/one way在某种意义上；在某种程度上
make way for让路；让位于
by way of取道；途经
　There was n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o light，so we had to feel our way in the dark.由于没有灯光，所以我们不得不在黑暗中摸索着向前走。
She gradually fought her way to the top of the company.
她努力奋斗，逐渐进入公司的高层。
Try and push your way through the crowd.
试着从人群中挤过去。
【对接高考】
(2013·福建高考) M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always________whenever she tries to.
A．in the way B．on watch
C．in sight D．on the line
【解析】　考查介词短语。A项“挡 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道，妨碍”，B项“值班，监视”，C项“在视线中，被看见”，D项“在线上”。根据句意：史密斯太太发现想收拾一下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难，因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨碍她。故答案选A。
【答案】　A
完成句子
①他乘火车来到伦敦前往儿童医院。
He took a train t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o London and ______________ to the Children's Hospital.
②我将把职务让给更年轻的人。
I shall ____________ a younger man.
③车刚停好，我们就从拥挤的公共汽车上挤下来。
We ______________ out of the crowded bus as soon as it stopped.
④灯突然熄灭了，同学们一个个地摸黑走出教室。
The lights went ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t suddenly.One by one the students ____________ out of the classroom.
【答案】　①made his way　②make way for
③pushed our way　④felt their way
12．The other two ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this_being_my_first_experience．I stayed at the top and watched them.(教材P35)
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆。我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
this being my first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) experience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，一般用逗号与句子主体部分隔开。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
There being no bus，he had to walk home.
由于没有公交车了，他只好步行回家。
There is a big garden in front of the house，its owner seated in it.
房子前有一个大花园，它的主人坐在里面。
常见的独立主格结构：
名词/代词＋
　So many people to help him，he is sure to succeed.
如此多的人要帮他，他一定会成功的。
Classes over，the students came to the playground.
下课了，学生们来到了操场上。
He came back into the room，his ears red with cold.
他回到了房子里，耳朵冻红了。
He came out of the library，(a)book under (his) arm.
他胳膊下夹着一本书，从图书馆里出来了。
The president murdered，the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲伤之中。
【提示】　用独立主格结构还是用完整的句子，要看前后两部分中间有无连词。若有连词，用完整的句子，如无连词，则用独立主格结构。
【对接高考】　
①(2012·课标全国卷)The party will be held in the garden，weather ________．
A．permitting B．to permit
C．permitted D．permit
【解析】　句意：如果天气允许的话 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，聚会将在花园里举行。weather permitting是独立主格形式，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，即if weather permits。
【答案】　A
②(2011·浙江高考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Bats are surprisingly long－lived creatures，some ________ a life span of around 20 years.
A．having B．had
C．have D．to have
【解析】　考查非谓语动词。句意：真想不到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，蝙蝠竟是长寿生物，有些蝙蝠的寿命长达20年。结合语意和句子结构可知，此处为独立主格结构，having的逻辑主语是前面的some。
【答案】　A
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The test ____________(finish)，we began our holiday.
②The girl ____________(stare)at him，he didn't know what to say.
③So much work __________(do)，we have no time to play.
句型转换
④If weather permits，we'll go sightseeing.
→Weather ________，we'll go sightseeing.
⑤Having finished the work，they were allowed to have a rest.
→The work ________，they were allowed to have a rest.
⑥There were no buses，and they had to walk home.
→There ________ no buses，they had to walk home.
【答案】　①finished　②staring　③to do　④permitting　⑤finished　⑥being
13．potential n．潜在性；可能性；潜能　adj.可能的；潜在的
Having studied v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )olcanoes now for many years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.(教材P35)
虽然我从事火山研究许多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它那潜在的巨大破坏力至今仍然感到惊愕不已。
She has acting potential，but she needs to be trained.
她有表演潜力，但还需要培训。
They began to realize that old people had potential，too.
他们开始认识到老年人也是有潜力的。
potential customers潜在的客户
a potential source of conflict潜在的冲突根源
the potential for sth./to do sth.做……的潜力
　
完成句子
①He often considered him as __________________(未来的总统)．
②They didn't realize ________________________(这有潜在的危险)．
【答案】　①the potential president　②there was a potential danger
一、记住了多少词汇 ____________________________________________________
二、背会了几个句型 ____________________________________________________
三、自己的不足 ____________________________________________________
Period ⅢLearning about Language
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对语法的学习让学生能够理解并能够运用本单元的语法知识——现在分词作状语，能够把状语从句与现在分词做状语进行互换。
●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的内容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。
●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。
●教学流程设计
??让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第82－84页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。?
?老师针对难点和重点词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。?让学生讨论完成“语法精析”部分(见学案第84－86页)并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。
?
??
?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?布置作业。让学生完成课本第37页1、2、3、4题，预习学案Period Ⅳ(见学案第87－91页)。
1．uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；感到难受的
I felt rather uncomfortable and got a headache.(教材P37)
我感到非常不舒服，并且头痛。
This sofa is so uncomfortable.
这张沙发太不舒服了。
I was sitting i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n an extremely uncomfortable position in the car.在这车上我坐着的姿势难受极了。
uncomfortably adv.令人不安地；显得不安(或尴尬)地
comfortable adj.舒服的；舒适的
make yourself comfortable别客气
be comfortable to sit/lie/stand坐/躺/站着舒服
feel comfortable感到舒服
comfort v．安慰；抚慰；宽慰
comforter n．令人感到安慰(或慰藉)的人(或事物)
comforting adj.令人安慰的
　It is comfortable to sit on the chair.
坐在这个椅子上很舒服。
Please make yourself comfortable while I get some coffee.我去冲咖啡，您别拘束。
①This bed was so________that I couldn't sleep for the whole night.
A．comfortable　　　　　B．uncomfortable
C．unconscious D．uncertain
【解析】　comfortabl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e舒服的；uncomfortable不舒适的；unconscious不省人事的；uncertain不确信的。句意：那床太不舒服了，我一夜都没睡着。
【答案】　B
②Kate looked so s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad at the news that she failed in the exam that I didn't know what to say to ________her.
A．treat B．interest
C．comfort D．annoy
【解析】　句意：听到考试不及格的消息，K ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ate显得如此难过，以至于我不知道说什么来安慰她。comfort意为“安慰”；treat意为“对待，招待，治疗”；interest意为“使……感兴趣”；annoy意为“使……不悦，苦恼”。
【答案】　C
2．I rushed downs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tairs only_to_see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor，surrounded by her guests.(教材P37)我冲到楼下，却意外地发现我的女主人不省人事地躺在地板上，她的客人们围着她。
(1)only to see...为动词不定式，在句中作结果状语；
She ran to the stat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion only to find that the train had left.她跑到火车站，却发现火车开走了。
He arrived home only to find his house broken into.
他到家结果发现有人闯入过他的房子。
【提示】　动词不定式和现在分词作结果状语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的不同用法：动词不定式作结果状语时，表示出乎意料的结果。现在分词作结果状语多表示顺其自然的结果，即主句和结果之间有一定的因果关系。
Jack has made great progress，making his parents pleased.
杰克取得了巨大进步，这让他的父母很高兴。
The Chinese te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )am won five gold medals，two silver medals and four bronze medals in the 2010 Winter Olympic Games，making the Chinese proud.
中国队在2010年冬奥会上赢得5金2银4铜，这让中国人感到自豪。
【对接高考】　
①(2012·山东高考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )George returned after the war，only ________ that his wife had left him.
A．to be told B．telling
C．being told D．told
【解析】　句意：战后乔治回到了家，结果被 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )告知说他妻子已离他而去。四个选项均为非谓语动词形式，且本题前半句是个完整的句子，故应考虑非谓语动词作状语的情况。动词不定式作结果状语时表意料之外的结果，前面常有标志词only，而现在分词作结果状语时表自然而然的结果，由语境知应该选动词不定式，他是“被告知”妻子离他而去的，故选A项。
【答案】　A
②(2012·四川高考)Tom too ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k a taxi to the airport，only ________ his plane high up in the sky.
A．finding B．to find
C．being found D．to have found
【解析】　句意：汤姆乘出租车去机场，却 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )发现他要乘坐的飞机高高地飞在空中。由语境可知，此处指出乎意料地发现飞机起飞了。only to do表示出乎意料的结果，故选B项。
【答案】　B
翻译句子
①他匆忙来到车站，却被告知火车已经离开。
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】　①He hurried to the station only to be told the train had left.
(2)unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未觉察的
After she hit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her head she was unconscious for several minutes.她把头碰了一下后昏迷了几分钟。
I was unconscious ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that our teacher was also seated at the back of the classroom.
我不知道我们的老师也坐在教室的后面。
be unconscious of sb./sth.
未察觉……；未意识到……
unconsciously adv.无意识地；不知不觉地
unconsciousness n．昏迷；无知觉
conscious adj.清醒的；有知觉的
consciousness n．知觉；感觉；意识
　He injured hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s head and was unconscious for one hour.他伤着了头部，一个小时没有知觉。
They were so quiet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that he was completely unconscious of their presence.
他们非常安静，他完全不知道他们在场。
完成句子
②这名伤员由于失血过多而昏迷不醒。
This wounded soldier ______________from his loss of blood.
③他伤得很重，但仍未失去知觉。
He was badly hurt，but he still______________．
【答案】　②was unconscious　③remained conscious
3．shot vt.射中；射伤；射门；投篮n.射击；枪炮声
She was shot.(教材P37)她被射中了。
He shot two goals in the game.
在比赛中，他进了两个球。
Our attention was arrested by the sound of a shot.
我们的注意力被一声枪响吸引住了。
shoot at朝……开枪
shoot down击落；击毁
shoot for设法达到
shoot off迅速走开；突然离开
shoot through离开；躲避
shoot up猛增
　
shoot/shoot at
shoot 表示射中或射死某人或某物，强调射击的结果。
shoot at 表示朝或对准某人或某物射击，只强调射击的动作，不强调射击的结果。
　They are shooting at bottles on a wall.
他们在朝墙上的瓶子射击。
【巧学助记】　
He shot at a bird，but he didn't shoot it.
他向一只鸟射击，但没有射中。
选词填空：shoot，shoot at
①A man was ________ in the leg.
②The hunter __________ the bear but didn't ________it.
用shoot的适当形式填空
③The soldiers were __________ at the enemies.
④The bird flew away and avoided ____________．
⑤Two of her ________ hit the centre of the target.
【答案】　①shot　②shot at；shoot　③shooting　④being shot　⑤shots
4．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的
I was so anxious and couldn't move at first.(教材P38)
我非常担心，一开始吓得动弹不得。
They are anxious to know the result of the examination.
他们急于知道考试结果。
She was anxious for all of them to leave the room.
她急于让他们全部离开房间。
①be anxious for about(＝be worried/concerned about)为……担心/担忧
be anxious for(＝be eager for/be keen on)渴望……
be anxious(for sb.)to do sth.渴望(某人)做……
be anxious that...渴望……(从句谓语用should do，should可以省略)
②anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望
　
anxious/eager
anxious 强调“担心”或“着急”，对结果感到不安
eager 强调“对成功的渴望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思
　She is eager to go t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o college，but anxious about not passing the entrance examinations.
她渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过入学考试。
完成句子
①他非常担心儿子的健康。
He __________________ his son's health.
②他急于知道出了什么事。
He __________________ what had happened.
【答案】　①is very anxious about　②was anxious to know
5．panic vi.& vt.惊慌n.惊慌；恐慌
I felt very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nervous and had to force myself not to panic.(教材P38)我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。
The banks were panicked into selling dollars.
银行正惊慌地抛售美元。
The small boy looked round in panic.
小男孩惊慌地四下张望。
【提示】　panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked，现在分词是panicking。
panic over/at因……而恐慌；对……感到惊慌失措
panic sb.into doing sth.使某人惊慌地做某事
get into a panic陷入恐慌(动作)
in a panic陷入恐慌(状态)
in a state of panic惊恐万分
　The boy is in a state ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of panic.Try to help him cool down.这个男孩惊恐万分，努力帮他平静下来。
The animals panicked over the forest fire.
动物们对森林大火感到恐慌。
The banks were panicked into selling American dollars.
银行因恐慌而抛售美元。
【对接高考】　
(2011·湖北高考)“Tom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”the mother shouted，with ________ clearly in her voice.
A．anger B．rudeness
C．regret D．panic
【解析】　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“汤米 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，快跑！快点儿！房屋失火了！”妈妈叫喊着，声音里明显带着恐慌。anger“怒火，怒气”；rudeness“粗鲁”；regret“懊悔；遗憾”；panic“恐慌”。D项符合语意。
【答案】　D
句型转换
①The audience were thrown into a panic when the fire started.
→The audience __________________ when the fire started.
完成句子
②谣言使许多投资者感到恐慌而抛售股票。
Rumors ________ many investors ____________ their shares.
③她十分惊慌，以为自己把入场券丢了。
She ________________ when she thought she'd lost the tickets.
【答案】　①got into a panic　②panicked；into selling　③got into a panic
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会动词的－ing形式在句中作状语的含义。
1．Sometimes work ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meetting local people and tourists，I am never bored.
2．Having coll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
3．Having_worked hard all day，I went to bed early.
4．Having_experienc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already，I didn't take much notice.
5．Having_earli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er_collected_special clothes from the observatory，we put them on before we went any closer.
6．Having_studied volc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anoes now for many years，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
动词的?ing形式在句中作状语
动词的?ing形式具有名词、动词、形容词和副词的特征，可以在句中作主语、宾语、定语、补足语、表语和状语。
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。(作主语)
The squirrel w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as lucky that it just missed being caught.这只松鼠很幸运没有被抓住。(作宾语)
The girl writing a letter is good at English.
正在写信的那个女孩擅长英语。(作定语)
I heard him crying in the corner.
我听见他在拐角处哭泣。(作宾补)
Her job is taking care of the children.
她的工作是照顾孩子们。(表语)
He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁边看《中国日报》。(作状语)
1．动词的?ing形式的时态语态及意义
动词 形式 意义
以do为例
一般式doing
主动式doing 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生。
被动式being done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生。
完成式having done
主动式having done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生。
被动式having been done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。
2.动词的?ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等；并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。
用法 例句
时间 Hearing the news，they got excited.
(＝When they heard the news，...)
他们听到这个消息时，非常兴奋。
Be careful whil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e/when crossing the street.(＝...while/when you are crossing the street.)过马路时要小心。
条件 Turning to the lef ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，you will find the place you want.(＝If you turn to the left，...)
向左拐，你就会发现你要找的地方。
让步 Admitting what yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u said，I still think that you made a mistake.(＝Although I admitted what you said，...)
尽管我认同你所说的话，我仍然觉得你犯了一个错误。
Having been told many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) times，he still repeated the same mistake.(＝Though he had been told many times，...)尽管告诉他许多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。
伴随/方式 I stood there，waiting for her.(＝...，and waited for her.)我站在那儿等她。
原因 Having been bitte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n by a snake，she was frightened at it.(＝Since she had been bitten by a snake，...)由于她曾经被蛇咬过，所以一直对此心存恐惧。
Being so angry，he couldn't go to sleep.(＝As he was so angry，...)
因为太生气了，他不能入睡。
结果 It rained heavily，c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ausing severe flooding in the area.(＝...，so that it caused severe flooding in the area.)这个地区雨下得如此大，以致于引发了洪灾。
3.使用动词的?ing形式作状语应注意的问题
(1)动词的?ing形式作状语，其否定形式是在它前面加not，never等。
Not knowing how to find the subway，I asked a policeman for help.
因我不知道怎样找到地铁，我就去找警察帮助。
(2)动词的?ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致，否则，要用独立主格结构。
Riding a horse or driving a car，you should learn to control it.
无论是骑马还是驾车，你都应该学会控制它。
(3)动词的?ing形式的动作和谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生时，用一般式；如果动词的?ing形式的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，要用其完成式。
Walking in the park，I met an old friend of mine.
在公园散步时，我遇见一位老朋友。
Having finished ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the work，he went out to meet his friends.完成工作后，他出去会朋友了。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The news reporte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs hurried to the airport，only________the film stars had left.
A．to tell　　　 B．．to be told
C．telling D．told
【解析】　only to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )do作结果状语时，表示“未预料的或不好的结果”，此题表示“未预料的结果”。句意：新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，结果却被告知影星已离开了。
【答案】　B
2．—Can you ________ that bird at the top of the tree
—No，it's out of ________．
A．shoot；range B．shot；reach
C．shot；control D．shoot at；distance
【解析】　句意：“你能射中树上的那只鸟吗？” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“射不中，它在射程之外。”第一空表示“射中”，在can后用动词原形shoot，第二空out of range“在射程之外”。
【答案】　A
3．My mother always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gets a bit________if we don't arrive when we say we will.
A．anxious B．eager
C．ashamed D．patient
【解析】　考查词义辨析。anxious焦虑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的；eager渴望的；ashamed羞愧的；patient耐心的。句意：如果当我们说能而又不能按时到的时候，妈妈经常有点担心。
【答案】　A
4．The girl got into a ________ when she heard the news.
A．anxiety B．worry
C．disorder D．panic
【解析】　句意：当听到这个消息时，这个小女孩陷入恐慌，get into a panic陷入恐慌。是固定短语。
【答案】　D
5．(2013·北京高考)________the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A．Find B．Finding
C．To find D．Found
【解析】　考查非谓语动词。此处动词fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd与主语she为主动关系且作原因状语，故用现在分词finding。句意：(由于)她发现该课程很难，她就决定转到低一水平的(课程)。
【答案】　B
6．(2013·四川高考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))________ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A．Not knowing B．Knowing not
C．Not known D．Known not
【解析】　考查非谓语动词。主语the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )girl与非谓语动词know之间为主动关系，故用现在分词；且非谓语动词的否定式应在其前加否定词。据此可知答案为A。此处分词Not knowing在句中作原因状语。
【答案】　A
7．(2013·山东高考)_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.
A．Having eaten B．To eat
C．Eat D．Eating
【解析】　考查非谓语动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。句意：因为以前曾经在自助餐厅吃过，Tina再也不想在那儿吃了。动词eat与主语Tina之间为主动关系，再根据句中before可知需强调eat这个动作发生在主动词之前，可知用现在分词完成体Having eaten表主动完成，作原因状语。
【答案】　A
8．(2012·福建高考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Pressed from his parents，and ________ that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A．realizing B．realized
C．to realize D．being realized
【解析】　分析句子结构可判断，and在句中连 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )接了两个并列的表示原因的状语，即Pressed from his parents和________ that he has wasted too much time，它们的逻辑主语都是句子的主语the boy，而the boy和realize之间构成了逻辑上的主谓关系，故用realize的现在分词形式作状语，表示原因。B项为被动形式；C项为动词不定式，表示动作还未发生；D项为现在分词的被动式，表示被动，均不符合句意。
【答案】　A
9．(2012·陕西高考)________ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.
A．Standing B．To stand
C．Stood D．Stand
【解析】　句意：为了买新一代iPad，我们站 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在长长的队伍里，等待着商店开门。两部分之间由逗号分隔，后一部分为句子，且前后没有连词连接，所以此处填非谓语形式；另外，句子主语we发出stand这一动作，即we与stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，且stand伴随谓语waited发生，所以用现在分词形式。
【答案】　A
10．________ a good result，the professor decided to do the experiment once more.
A．Not getting B．Getting not
C．Not having got D．Having not got
【解析】　考查分词作状语。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：教授没得到好的结果，他决定再做一次试验。教授与“get”是主动关系，而且动作发生在句子谓语动词表示的动作之前。not应位于v.－ing之前。
【答案】　C
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．When you are crossing the road，please be careful.
→When ________________，please be careful.
2．Because I don't know his address，I can't write to him.
→____________________，I can't write to him.
3．Although they knew all this，they made me pay for the damage.
→________________，they made me pay for the damage.
4．Work diligently，and you'll certainly succeed.
→________________，you'll certainly succeed.
5．Because it hadn't be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en repaired for a long time，the machine gave out a strange noise.
→____________________ for a long time，the machine gave out a strange noise.
6．If you turn to the left，you'll find the school.
→__________ to the left，you'll find the school.
7．As she had been bitten by a snake，she was frightened at it.
→______________ by a snake，she was frightened at it.
8．The child slipped a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd fell，so that he hit his head against the door.
→The child slipped an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d fell，(thus)__________ his head against the door.
【答案】　1.crossing the road　2.Not knowing his address
3．Knowing all this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　4.Working diligently　5.Not having been repaired　6.Turning　7.Having been bitten
8．hitting
一、记住了多少词汇 __________________________
__________________________
二、背会了几个句型 __________________________
__________________________
三、语法的掌握程度 较好(　　)一般(　　)较差(　)
四、自己的不足 __________________________
__________________________
Period ⅣUsing Language
●教学目标
(1)掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。
(2)理解课文。
(3)听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。
(4)能够根据课文中所提出的问题，发表自己的看法和给出学生认为合理的建议。
(5)掌握描写类文章的书写方法。
●教学地位
本单课时的内容是写描写性文章，就是通 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过准确、生动、形象的语言刻画人物、景物和场面的特点，使读者对所描写的事物能获得如见其行、如闻其声、如临其境的真实感。 此类文章的写作方法在高考中占有相当重要的地位。
●新课导入建议
我们都知道火山喷发会给人类 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )带来巨大灾难，严重影响人类的生活，但你知道它的另一面吗？喷发之后的情况会怎样呢？去过天池吗？知道有关天池的传说吗？ 那么我们就通过对本文的学习，了解这些问题吧。
●教学流程设计
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??
?
??
?
??　　　　　?
?老师布置作业：让学生课下做“单元归 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )纳提升”部分(见学案第91－92页)和Workbook 第70页第1、2、3题 , 第71页第1、2题。
Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P39课文，判断正(T)误(F)
1．Changbaishan is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) largest nature reserve in China，which is kept its natural state and covered by forest.(　　)
2．Tianchi has formed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in the crater of a volcano at the foot of the mountain.(　　)
3．Yon can only admi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re the sight of Tianchi's clear waters on the top of the mountain.(　　)
【答案】　1.T　2.F　3.F
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P39课文，选择最佳答案
1．________is China's largest nature reserve.
A．Shaolinsi　B．Changbaishan　C．Tianshan
2．Tianchi has formed________on top of the mountain.
A．during the earthquake
B．during the hurricane
C．in the crater of a dead volcano
3．You are advised ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to drop________into the clear，blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.
A．a key B．a coin C．a flower
【答案】　1.B　2.C　3.B
1．glance through匆匆看一遍
Glance through these questions.(教材P39)
浏览一遍这些问题。
He often glances through newspapers during breakfast.
他经常在吃早餐间浏览报纸。
She glanced through the report before the meeting.
开会前，她粗略地看了一下报告。
①glance at看一下
glance over粗略一看；浏览
②at first glance乍一看；乍看之下
give/take a glance at对……匆匆一看
　He took a glance at the TV programs.
他看了一下电视节目。
At first glance the question seemed easy.
乍一看问题似乎很简单。
Chen Ming didn't eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n ________ his paper before he handed it in，so there were many mistakes in his paper.
A．glance through　 B．．look up
C．watch over D．come across
【解析】　考查短语意义辨析 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。句意：陈明在交论文之前甚至都没有粗略地看一遍，因此他的论文中有很多错误。glance through“浏览；粗略地看”，符合语境。look up“查找”；watch over“照顾；监督”；come across“偶然遇见”。
【答案】　A
2．vary from...to...由……到……不等
The land varies ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2，000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.(教材P39)
这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2，000多米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。
Teaching methods vary greatly from teacher to teacher.
老师之间的教学方法不一样。
Opinions on the matter vary from person to person.
对这件事情的看法人人意见不一致。
①vary in sth.在某方面不同
vary with sth.随……而变化
vary between...and...由……到……情况不等
②variety n．变化；种类；多样性
a variety of＝varieties of许多；各种各样的
③various adj.各种各样的
　These sweaters vary in size.
这些毛衣有各种不同的尺寸。
Prices vary with the seasons.
物价随季节而变动。
For various/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a variety of reasons, I'd prefer not to meet him.由于各种原因，我不愿见他。
用vary的适当形式填空
①His mood ________ from day to day.
②People like to live a life full of ________．
③The fashion of the youth has been ________ these years.
介词填空
④The menu varies ________ the season.
⑤These fish vary ________ weight ________ 3 pounds to 5 pounds.
【答案】　①varies　②variety　③various　④with
⑤in；from
3．appreciation n．欣赏；感激；感谢
However，the attractio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n that arouses the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi or the Lake of Heaven.(教材P39)然而保护区最具吸引力的地方则是天池，或者说是天上的湖。
He shows little appreciation of good music.
他感受不到美好音乐的好处。
To show our appr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eciation for all your hard work，we'd like to give you a bonus.
为了对你的辛勤工作表示感谢，我们要给你发奖金。
in appreciation of作为对……的感谢；为感谢……
appreciate v．欣赏；赏识；重视；感激；感谢；理解
I would appreciate it if...如果……，我将不胜感激
appreciate doing对做某事感谢/感激
appreciative adj.感激的；感谢的；欣赏的；赏识的
appreciatively adv.感激地；感谢地；欣赏地；赏识地
　【提示】　appreciate后接动名词，不接动词不定式。动名词前可用物主代词或人称代词宾格来做它的逻辑主语。
We would appreciate you/your letting us know of any problems.
如有任何问题，请告诉我们，我们将十分感激。
I would appreciate it if you could come tomorrow.
如果你明天能来的话，我会非常感激。
完成句子
①为了表达你为我们所做一切的感激之情，请接受这份礼物。
Please accept this gift __________________ all you've done for us.
②如果你把音乐关小一点我将不胜感激。
__________________ you would turn the music down.
③如果你让我继续工作，我会非常感激。
I'd appreciate______________．
④他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
His talent are not______________．
⑤我感谢你的帮助。
I appreciate______________．
【答案】　①in appreciati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on of　②I'd appreciate it if　③it if you let me get on with my job/your letting me get on with my job　④fully appreciated in that company　⑤your help
4．It_is_said_tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.(教材P39)据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
It is said that...据说……
It is said that he has gone abroad.
据说他已经出国了。
It is said that they are a happy pair.
据说他们是幸福的一对。
it is believed that....大家相信……
it is thought that...有人认为……
it is suggested that...有人建议……
it is well known that...众所周知……
it is reported that据报道……
it is announced that据宣称
　It is believed that he will be successful in his business.
人们相信他的事业会很成功。
It was not expected that so many people would come to the meeting.
原先并没有料到会有这么多人来参加会议。
【提示】　有时，“It＋be＋过去 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )分词＋that从句”结构可改写为“sb.＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”结构。其中不定式根据情况有时态的变化。
It was reported that our team had won.
＝Our team was reported to have won.
据报道我们的队赢了。
完成句子
①人们大都相信健康重于财富。
________________health is above wealth.
②有人建议史密斯接替这项工作。
________________Smith take over the work.
【答案】　①It is believed that　②It is suggested that
单项填空
③It's ________that the old lady died happy.
A．say　　　 B．．said
C．saying D．to say
【解析】　句意：据说这个老妇人死的时候很快乐。这里考查的是It's said that...“据说……”。
【答案】　B
5．guarantee vt.& n．保证；确保；担保
If you are lucky en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one，don't forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.(教材P39)
如果你有幸和你的爱人去参观天池，不要忘了向清澈湛蓝的水中投上一枚硬币，以保证你们的爱情像湖水一样深，一样永恒。
I guarantee to pay off his debt.
我保证付清他的债务。
Wealth is not always a guarantee of happiness.
财富并不总是幸福的保证。
guarantee to do sth.保证做某事
guarantee that...保证……
guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb.确保某人得到某物
guarantee sth.for＋时间　某物的保修期为……
be guaranteed to do sth.必定会做某事
be under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee给/向……保证
　China insists tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t freedom of navigation should be guaranteed in the South China sea.
中国坚持认为中国南海航海自由应得到保障。
I guarantee to pay off his debt.
＝I guarantee that I will pay off his debt.
我保证付清他的债务。
They guaranteed their workers regular employment.
＝They guaranteed regular employment to their workers.
他们向工人保证会长期雇用他们。
完成句子
①你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？
Can you______________the work will be finished on time
②你的电脑还在保修期内。
Your computer______________．
③我们保证免费更换这损坏了的门。
We ________________ the broken door free of charge.
④你可以保证我到那儿有一份工作吗？
Can you ______________ when I get there
【答案】　①give me a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) guarantee that　②is still under guarantee　③guarantee to replace　④guarantee me a job
　表示Emotions：joy，fear，anxiety，surprise(感情：高兴，恐慌，焦虑，吃惊)的常用交际用语有：
1．高兴(joy)
How wonderful/nice！多么精彩/好啊！
That's lovely/great/wonderful！那非常可爱/棒/精彩！
I'm so happy.我太高兴了。
I'm pleased/glad...我很高兴
It's well done.做得好。
2．恐惧(fear)
Help！How terrible！救命啊！太恐怖了！
I'm afraid of that dog.我害怕那条狗。
I'm frightened.You scared me!
我害怕了，你吓死我了。
I dare not go out at night.我晚上不敢出去。
He gets into a total panic when...
当……时他陷入了恐慌。
It's frightening that...……太吓人了
She is scared to death by...她被……吓得要死
What's really scary is...真正令人害怕的是……
It makes my hair stand on end.
它吓得我头发都竖了起来。
3．忧虑(anxiety)
What's wrong？怎么了？
What's the matter？怎么回事？
Anything wrong？有什么不对吗？
What should we do？我们该怎么办？
Is something worrying you？你有什么烦心事吗？
Are you worried about you health？你在担心你的健康吗？
4．惊奇(surprise)
Really！真的！
Oh dear！噢天啊！
Is that so？是这样吗？
How come？怎么会？
How nice to see you!
见到你真好！
How surprising！真令人吃惊啊！
I'm surprised.我很吃惊。
Does that surprise you？那事令你吃惊吗？
It this what you expected？这是你所期待的吗？
What a surprise！真让人吃惊！
It surprises me that your English is so beautiful.你的英语那么好真让我吃惊。
1．(2013·四川省成都石 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )室中学高二二诊)—Thank you very much for your wonderful lecture，Mr.Brucel!
— ________．
A．It doesn't matter
B．Don't mention it
C．That's very kind of you to say so
D．I'm glad you've enjoyed it
【解析】　考查交际用语。句意：——Mr.Brucel感谢你的精彩演讲。——我很高兴你喜欢我的演讲。
【答案】　D
2．(2013·江苏高考)—The T－s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—________？ But I promise you we'll look into it right away.
A．Who says B．How come
C．What for D．Why worry
【解析】　考查交际用语。A项“谁说的”，B项“怎么会呢”，C项“为何”，D项“何苦呢”。根据句意，选B。
【答案】　B
3．—We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________ Why didn't you call us earlier
A．Good luck! B．You did
C．It's no surprise. D．You are welcome.
【解析】　句意为：“我们是星期二下午到达这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )里的。”“是吗？那为什么不早点给我们打电话？”A项为“祝你好运！”，用于事前的祝愿；B项为“是吗？”，是对对方回答的惊讶；C项为“毫不惊奇”；D项为“不用谢！别客气！”，在美国英语中用于道谢的答语。根据下句话Why didn't you call us earlier？选择B项。
【答案】　B
如何写描写性文章
描写文是一种常用文体，它用准确、生动、形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )象的语言刻画描述对象的特点，使读者对所描写的事物能获得如见其形、如闻其声、如尝其味、如临其境的真实感。在进行这种文体的写作时要注意下面几点：
1．准确选择描写角度
根据实际需要选用合适的人称进行描写。因为不同的人称会影响写作内容的选择和写作目的的定位。
2．灵活安排描写次序
灵活地安排好描写的顺序，例如按照时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序等。
3．恰当运用描写手法
描写时应恰当地运用多样的表现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )手法，不要只是平铺直叙。具体、准确、生动、形象是描写文的语言特点，应根据需要恰当地运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法来进行描写。
4．抓取典型特征
在描写中应注意抓住有代表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )性的细节精心选材，要抓住特征，使重点突出、详略得当，一定要避免面面俱到的错误做法，尽可能在较小的篇幅中给读者留下深刻的印象。
5．适当渗透情感
在描述的时候恰当融入对所描写对象的主观感受可以引起读者的共鸣，从而起到画龙点睛、升华主题的作用。【常用句式】
①...lie in/on/to the east/west/north/south of...
②Located in...，...covers an area of...
③Situated in...，...is paradise for...
④...is located/situated in/to/on...，covering an
area of...
⑤...has become the most popular tourist attr－
action for...
⑥...be known/famous for/as...
⑦It has a population of...，with a history of...
⑧The weather ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) here gets neither too cold nor too hot all the year around.
⑨If you come to...for a visit，you will have a chance to enjoy...
⑩A trip to...will give you a glimpse of the happy lifestyle of...
...，known as...，attracts visitors from all over the world.
A walk around...is a feast for your eyes.
Use the notes below t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o write a paragraph about the hot pools at Changbaishan.Begin like this：
“When you have finish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed your visit to Tianchi，don't rush away.There are plenty of other things to see and do in Changbaishan.For example，you can relax in the nearby hot springs...”
Hot springs.
1)pools heated by hot water out of the ground
2)water heated by boiling rocks in the ground
3)a group of springs in an area of 1000 square metres
4)some pools very hot(over 60 ℃)but others very pleasant for bathing
5)bathing supposed to be good for health
[思路点拨]
本篇作文可以从以下三个方面入手。一、先概述长白山的位置和特色；二、详细介绍温泉的特点；三、归纳全文，点出天池温泉的魅力。
[词汇热身]　
1．位于________________
2．珍贵的____________
3．占地……__________
4．蜿蜒前进________________
5．在……洗澡________
6．吸引________
7．变化________
【答案】　1.lie in/be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) located in　2.precious　3.cover　4.wind one's way　5.bathe in　6.attact　7.vary
[句式温习]
1．位于吉林省南部，长白山是中国最大的自然保护区之一。
____________________ Jilin province，Changbaishan is one of china's nature preservation zones.
2．白头山的天池位于火山口处，里边碧水盈盈。
Tianchi on the white ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )－head mountain is the crater of volcano，______________________．
3．在白头山的北侧，有一组占地1000多平米的温泉。
At the north side o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the White－head mountain，there is a group of hot springs __________________________．
4．在温泉里洗澡应该对身体有好处。
____________ the hot springs ____________ be good for health.
【答案】　1.Located in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) southern　2.filled with blue waters　3.covering an area of over 1000 square metres　4.Bathing in；is supposed to
[连句成篇]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Located in southern ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Jilin Province，Changbaishan is one of China's nature preservation zones with a wholesome natural environment and ecosystem with world famous precious animals.
Tianchi on the White－h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ead Mountain is the crater of a volcano，filled with blue waters.At the north side of the Whitehead Mountain，there is a group of hot springs covering an area of over 1000 square metres.Hot springs have water heated by hot water out of the ground or boiling rocks in the ground.Two white rivers wind their way among the hot springs.The right banks where the mouths of springs concentrate are shrouded in hot misty air all the year round.The springs vary in temperature，with the highest reaching 82 degree Celsius.(82 ℃)
The hot waters contai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n hydrogen，sulphide and have high medical value.Bathing in the hot springs is supposed to be good for healt