2023中考二轮专项复习 任务型阅读教学案（无答案）

初三英语二轮复习教学案
课题： 任务型阅读 B 班级： 组别： 姓名： 评价：
【复习要点】
完成任务型阅读的过程就是： 阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。
具体说来，任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下四个方面：
1、 明确阅读任务
任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料，在材料后设置 10 个任务，做题时我们应先阅 读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对 性地去读，并能提高阅读效率。
2、 读全文，了解大意 明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意
图、态度倾向。在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目， 需要通篇考虑，对要点加以归纳概括，这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案，但有时需要用自 己的话来概括。确定标题必须遵循以下两个原则：① 概括性原则,即标题应在最大程度上覆 盖全文,体现文章的中心大意。② 醒目性原则，即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。
3、 读细节，逐题攻克
(一) 寻找细节，从原文中找答案 在经过第二步泛读全文之后，对于材料后面问题的细节考查题，在文章中所处的大体位
置有所了解。然后就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应，跳读的目的就是为 细节寻找答案。
(二) 精读细节，理解深层含义 任务型阅读，也是阅读理解的一种题型，不仅考查学生直接获取信息的能力，还可考查
学生通过已知信息进行推理，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。因此， 这就要求考生要具备通过已知信息进行判断推理能力和透过字面意思解读深层含义能力，这 一类型题在阅读测试中属于难度较大的题目。在做这一类型的题目时，考生应在理解全文的 基础上，捕捉文章中有关的信息，精读特定细节及周围的句子来帮助理解。
① 在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。
② 书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范,并能正确使用;单词拼写要正确无 误;单词书写要认真。这些方面也要引起考生注意，力争避免不必要的失分。
③ 作出适当调整。在回答时，同学们应对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时 态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等作出适当的调整。
4、 通读全文，仔细检查 在完成所有任务后，同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，同时还应
检查一下书写的规范性及句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等，这是答题 的最后一步，同样也很关键。因此，同学们平时应养成做完题后仔细检查的好习惯。
【课堂学习】 阅读题型分析及解题方法
1 例证题
② 例证题的标志。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify时。
②返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位
2 指代题
(
)
(
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
) (
1
)
①返回原文，找出出题的指代词。
②向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一 般答案不会离得太远)。
3 词汇题, 也叫“搜索代入”法
①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。
②确定该词汇的词性
4 主旨题
①主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title
②串线法：
抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折 词，特别要注意中心句。
5 作者态度题
A）支持或赞成：positive， approving， supportive， optimistic， sympathetic， B）中立或客观：neutral， objective， impartial， unbiased， detached C）怀疑、批评或反对：negative， disapproving， critical， pessimistic， doubtful， D）错误选项，永远不选：subjective， indifferent， puzzling， compromising， biased 6 细节题
看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案 A）快速定位圈点。根据表格中所提供的细节信息，抓住关键词语，返回原文，快速捕捉，对 表格中提供的信息在文中进行定位，并通过对比新旧语境，圈出不同点。 B）巧妙运用转换。对于那些不能在原文中直接选定的答案，根据表格中对原文语义的转换， 掌握设空规律，进行词形和词性的转换。巧用同义词、反义词、词语搭配等转换方式，以便 提高答题正确率。 C）掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中的最上栏或最左栏需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，常用的概括 性词语有：原因(reason／cause)、方法(way／means)、优缺点(advantage／disadvantage)、观 点(opinion／view)、建议(advice／tip／suggestions)、目的(aim／purpose)、问题(problem)、 影响和结果(effect／result)、个人信息(name／age／occupation／personality)等。掌握这些概 括性词语，可以帮助学生迅速准确地完成答题任务。 D）注意答题细节。要留神写到答题卡上的单词序号：正确拼写单词，注意首字母的大小 写、名词的单复数、主谓一致及非谓语动词的使用等。另外，书写工整在答题的过程中也十 分重要。
注意：任务型阅读中用到的常见同义转换：
harm→ harmful→harmless
in sunny areas→in areas with lots of sunshine 3 easier→ more easily
4 warm enough→bring enough warmth to
protect→ protection
as +形容词(old, heavy, tall, long,) + as
→the same + 名词(age, weight ,height,length)as
grow→the growth of
possible→possiblity →impossible
be able to do sth→ have the ability to do sth → can do sth → be unable to
a writer in/from Britain/France/Germany →a British/ French/ German writer 11.important→importance
12 care→careful-carefully→careless→carelessly-carelessness 13 harm sb/sth--→ do harm to sb/sth → be harmful to sb/sth 14 tradition→traditional
hot→heat
feel →feeling
live→ living→alive→lively
decide to do sth → make a decision to do sth →make up one’s mind to do sth 19 luck→lucky→ luckily→ unlucky→unluckily
succeed → success → successful → successfully
communicate with sb→ have communication with somebody。 22 interview somebody。→have an interview with somebody
different→difference
advice→advise
develop→development →developing→developed
pronunciation→pronounce
become more and more stressful，make more and more people get stressed
smiles with confidence and speaks encouraging and warm words. uses her confident and warm words to encourage others.
We are not satisfied with our lives. Our lives can’t satisfy us.
【当堂检测】
It is said that the eyes are the windows of our soul. However, to have healthy eyes, you have to look after them properly. Your eyes need everyday attention.
Firstly, you have to pay more attention to your diet. Have more fresh fruits, vegetables, fish, eggs and milk. It’s good for your eyes. Besides, a regular amount of Vitamins A and B2 should also be taken.
Secondly, you must have a regular and sound sleep. It relaxes the eye muscles(肌肉) and gives
them the rest required. Sleep can help the body to repair its tired tissues(组织).Usually, you must sleep for at least seven to eight hours every day. Loss of sleep can give you dark circles under the eyes.
Next, it’s necessary for you to exercise eyes every day. Blink(眨眼)your eyes at regular periods,
which makes the eyeballs watery, and gives them a good wash.
Lastly, you should use your eyes in right ways. For example, if a small thing goes into your eye and you start rubbing it, which is wrong. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes. Don’t read or write in poor or bright sunlight because sunlight can cause eye tiredness. Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sunshine from shining directly into your eyes. Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on the computer can also cause eye tiredness, so a good rest is required.
If you always take care of nature’s most beautiful gift, your life will be very colourful!
To have healthy eyes, you need to them every day and of them properly.
Fresh fruits, fish and milk your eyes. Besides you should
a regular amount of Vitamins A and B2.
According to the passage, the required rest time for eyes is every day at least. If you ,dark circles will appear under your eyes.
Reading in poor or bright sunlight is harmful while your eyes at regular periods can the eyeballs.
It's wrong of you when something goes into your eye. You should after reading, writing or watching TV.
【课后巩固】
I would like to talk to you about space vegetables, and to show you that space vegetables are healthy and good for you.
Space vegetables are grown from seeds that have been taken to and brought back from outer space. The seeds are affected by the radiation(辐射) and low gravity in outer space. When they are brought back to Earth, these seeds produce vegetables that are bigger, healthier and more
nutritious(有营养的)than normal vegetables. However, some people worry about eating space vegetables. They think that space vegetables might not be good for us and could give us cancer as a result of their exposure(暴露)to radiation in space, People should not be afraid because space
vegetables are actually perfectly healthy.
Here are some facts that you should know about space vegetables:
Space vegetables are grown from seeds that are carefully chosen. When seeds are brought back
from space, they are tested to make sure that the vegetables they grow will be safe to eat. There are no traces(痕迹)of radiation after testing.
Space vegetables are better for you than normal vegetables. For example, space tomatoes stay fresh for twenty days, which is one week longer than normal tomatoes. Another popular space vegetable is the peppers. Space peppers contain 20 percent more vitamin C than normal peppers.
After genetically modified(转基因)foods came onto the market people worried that they were
eating unknown things. For example, if nut genes(坚果基因)are put inside potatoes people allergic(过敏的)to nuts might get very sick from eating these potatoes because they do not know they are also eating nuts. Unlike genetically modified foods, space vegetables have not been
genetically changed. This means that no new genes are put into the vegetables. Therefore, they won’t do harm to your health.
根据上面的短文内容填空。
According to the article, the seeds brought back from space produce vegetables. So space vegetables are healthy and good for us to eat, and of course they are to us.
According to the article, normal tomatoes can stay fresh for about days while space tomatoes can stay fresh for longer than normal ones.
Genetically modified food is different from space vegetables because it _, but are put into space vegetables.
Space peppers contain vitamin C than normal peppers, because the seeds are affected by the radiation and low gravity in .
The writer tells us the facts of about space vegetables. So, there is no
of eating something that may damage our health because none of the genes is changed.