北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 8 Literature Lesson 3 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea课件（22张））
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| 名称 | 北师大版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 8 Literature Lesson 3 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea课件（22张）） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-22 15:13:52 | ||
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(共27张PPT)
Unit 8 Literature
选择性必修
第三册
Lesson 3 20 ,000 Leagues Under the Sea
03
1．In ____________ (desperate), I joined a physical exercise class.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
desperation
句意为：在绝望中我参加了一个健身班。介词in后面应用名词，in desperation意为“在绝望中；走投无路；无可奈何；不顾一切”。
2．Our new offices are still under ____________ (construct)．
construction
句意为：我们的新办公室尚在修建中。under construction (＝ being built)意为“在修建中”。介词under后面需要用名词，注意此短语中不用冠词。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
3．One is the water and soil______________ (preserve) project, which resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.
句意为：一个是水土保持工程，这会使农民用树木或草代替他们的农作物。water and soil ________ 作定语，修饰project，water and soil又修饰设空处，根据句意可知，此处应填名词preservation。
preservation
4．________ (evident), some of these questions are rather too difficult to answer.
Evidently
句意为：显然，其中一些问题相当难以回答。设空处位于句首，其后是一个完整的句子，此处应是作状语，故填副词Evidently。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
5．We believe that if we form a perfectly ________ (polish) personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us.
句意为：我们相信，如果我们塑造十足完美的个性，让我们的才智闪光，完善我们的幽默感，那么就没有人可以伤害我们了。设空处前为副词，后为名词，故应填形容词polished，意为“完美的，精湛的”。
polished
6．I left immediately the clock ________ (strike) twelve.
struck
句意为：钟一敲响十二点我就走了。immediately引导时间状语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句时态应保持一致，且从句主语clock与strike之间为主动关系，故填struck。
解析
解析
7．—How do you find your first visit to your net friend Jane
—Oh, wonderful! Her warm welcome left me completely________ ease.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
at
8．Whether we need to prepare more food depends ________ the number of people who will be present.
on/upon
句意为：——你觉得你第一次拜访你的网友简怎么样？——哦，太好了！她热情的欢迎使我非常自在。at ease 意为“舒适，自在”。
句意为：我们是否需要准备更多的食物要视将要到场的人数而定。depend on/upon 意为“取决于”。
解析
解析
9．He as well as his wife ____________ (invite) to the party last week.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
was invited
10．Some farmers leave their hometown and go to work in cities, ________ (struggle) to increase their income.
struggling
句意为：他和他的妻子上周被邀请去参加聚会了。 as well as 意为“和”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。本句中He为第三人称单数，与invite为被动关系，last week为过去的时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was invited。
句意为：一些农民离开家乡到城市工作，为增加收入而努力。句子已有并列的谓语动词leave和go，设空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语动词形式。struggle和其逻辑主语Some farmers 之间是主动关系。故应填现在分词struggling。
解析
解析
1．罗斯的幽默是如此好笑以至于每个学生都哄然大笑起来。(结果状语)
Rose’s humour was ________ ________ ________ ________ make every student burst into laughter.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
答案：1．so amusing as to
“so＋adj.＋as to”意为“如此……以至于……”。
2．由于中国第二大飞机制造商投入运营，我们的核心利益将得到更好的维护。(service)
Our core interests will be better safeguarded now that China’s second largest aircraft manufacturer ________ ________ ________.
答案：2．is in service
be in service意为“在使用中，在运营中”。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
3．她没有意识到她对人们的影响。(unconscious)
She ________ ________ ________ the effects she has on people.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
答案：3．is unconscious of be conscious/unconscious of 意为“对……有/无意识”。
4．振作起来！无论如何，我们不应该只是被动地对该事件作出反应。(respond)
Cheer up! In any case, we shouldn't merely passively ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：4．respond to the event respond to 意为“对……作出反应”。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
5．这好像世界末日一般。就在这座城市正下方11千米处，发生了20世纪最大的地震。(as if)
________ ________ ________ ________ the world was at an end.Eleven kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had happened.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
答案：5．It seemed as if 此处as if引导表语从句。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
体裁：记叙文 题材：科幻故事
When the boat violently crashed, the professor1________ (throw) away from it and he even couldn’t remember 2________ (fall) from the boat.3________ (sudden), he discovered he was drawn up to the surface.It was Conseil 4________ protected him from drowning.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．was thrown 设空处为主句的谓语动词，主语the professor为第三人称单数形式，由语境可知，主语和throw之间为被动关系，所以应用被动语态，且When引导的时间状语从句用的是一般过去时，故此处应填一般过去时的被动语态。
答案及解析
2．falling 句意为：……他甚至不记得从船上掉下去了。remember doing sth意为“记得做过某事”，故此处填falling。
3．Suddenly 设空处位于句首作状语，应用副词形式。
4．who/that 强调句型的基本结构为“it is/was＋被强调的部分＋who/that…”，此处被强调的部分为人，故用who，也可用that。
At about one o’clock in the morning, they cried for help and then got a 5________ (respond).6________， the professor began to sink, struck a hard body and then felt he was brought to the surface of the sea.And then he was totally out of 7________(conscious)．Afterwards, the professor woke 8________ and saw Ned who was also thrown into the sea.
Then the professor moved to the top of the hard body and found out that it was a boat 9________ (make) of steel.He looked through the outside of it, but found nothing.Finally, this long night came to10________ end.At dawn a man walked out of the boat and disappeared quickly.Later, eight men appeared and got them down into the boat.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
5．response 设空处前有冠词a，后面应接名词，故填response。
6．However 根据上下文可知，此处表示转折，再根据设空处后的逗号可知，此处应用副词作状语，故填However。
7．consciousness be out of consciousness 意为“失去知觉”。
8．up wake up为固定搭配，意为“醒来”。
9．made 宾语从句中已有谓语动词was，故此处应用非谓语动词形式，boat和make之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词made作后置定语。
10．an come to an end为固定搭配，意为“结束”。
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与艺术
[山东枣庄2022高二期中]Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a lonely place any more.Thousands of people have 1________ (successful) climbed the mountain over the past years.Meanwhile, climbers have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks, 2________ isn’t just uncomfortable but cold and dangerous.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了登山者丢弃的垃圾严重污染了珠穆朗玛峰，许多登山者自愿清理垃圾以保护环境，并将一些垃圾改造成艺术品进行展览以警示人们。
答案及解析
1．successfully 句意为：在过去的几年中，已有数以千计的人成功登上了这座山。修饰谓语动词have climbed应用副词，作状语。故填successfully。
2．which 句意为：与此同时，登山者抱怨在狭窄路段等待数小时不仅让人感到不适，而且又冷又危险。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代“在狭窄路段等待数小时”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
In fact, the dangerous 3________ (crowd) aren’t the only problem.All those climbers need to bring a lot of gear (装备), much of which ends up 4________ (leave) on the mountain.It is becoming the world's 5________ (tall) rubbish dump.
But the good news is that some mountaineers have decided 6________ (clean) up Qomolangma.Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of an expedition, which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008.So far they 7________ (collect) over 13 tons of garbage.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
3．crowds 句意为：事实上，危险的人群并不是唯一的问题。crowd意为“人群”时是可数名词，根据谓语动词aren’t可知，此处要用可数名词的复数形式作主语。故填crowds。
4．being left 句意为：所有那些登山者都需要带很多装备，其中很多装备最终被丢在了山上。固定短语end up doing sth意为“最终做某事”，从句主语much of which中的which指代的是gear，与leave之间是被动关系，因此应用动名词的被动式。故填being left。
5．tallest 句意为：它正在成为世界上最高的垃圾场。根据the world's可知，此处表最高级含义，应用形容词的最高级形式。故填tallest。
6．to clean 句意为：但好消息是，一些登山者已经决定清理珠穆朗玛峰。decide to do sth为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故填to clean。
7．have collected 句意为：到目前为止，他们已经收集了超过13吨的垃圾。根据So far可知，此处时态要用现在完成时，主语是they，助动词应用have。故填have collected。
Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8________ higher purpose.A group of 15 artists collected 1.5 tons of garbage.They’ve changed the cans and oxygen tanks 9________ 74 pieces of art that have already been exhibited.Part of the profit from sales 10________ (be) available for an association which has helped collect rubbish off the mountain.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．a 句意为：有些垃圾甚至被用于更远大的目的。purpose意为“目的”时，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且higher的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
9．to/into 句意为：他们把金属罐和氧气罐变成了74件艺术品，这些艺术品已经被展出。短语change… to/into… 意为“把……变成……”。故填to或into。
10．is 句意为：销售利润的一部分可用于帮助收集山上垃圾的一家协会。设空处为主句的谓语，陈述现在的事实，时态应用一般现在时，根据主语Part of the profit可知，此处谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
Satellites, hunger, stars, kerosene lamps (煤油灯), the Milky Way, the Cultural Revolution's factional civil wars, a light year, the flood… These seemingly unconnected things combined together and formed the early part of my life, which shaped the science fiction I write today.
As a science fiction writer who began as a fan, I do not use my fiction as a way to criticise the reality of the present.I feel that the greatest appeal of science fiction is the creation of numerous imaginary worlds outside of reality.I've always felt that the greatest and most beautiful stories are told by science.They are far more magnificent, grand, involved, profound, thrilling, strange, terrifying, mysterious, and even emotional.Only these wonderful stories are locked in cold equations (方程式) that most people do not know how to read.
There’s a strange contradiction: On Earth, mankind can step onto another continent, and destroy the civilisations through war and disease.But when they look at the stars, they turn emotional and believe that if aliens exist, they must be friendly and kind.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 个人经历 298 中 7分钟
I think it should be the opposite: Let's turn the kindness we show towards the stars to mankind and build up trust and understanding between different peoples and civilisations.But for the universe outside the solar system, we should be cautious.For a fragile civilisation like ours, this is the most responsible path.
As a fan of science fiction, a considerable part of the science fiction I've read comes from America.The fact that American readers can now enjoy my book makes me both pleased and excited.Science fiction describes events of interest to all of humanity.It often describes a day when humanity will form a harmonious whole and I believe the arrival of such a day need not wait for the appearance of aliens.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 个人经历 298 中 7分钟
1．What shaped the author’s present works
A．His early life experiences. B．Unconnected daily objects.
C．American science fiction. D．The adventures in his imagination.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，论述了作者对科幻小说的热爱和进行科幻小说写作的原因，并表达了作者对人类的关心。
答案及解析
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的These seemingly unconnected things combined together and formed the early part of my life, which shaped the science fiction I write today.可知，作者早期的生活经历塑造了作者如今创作的科幻小说。故选A项。
2．Which aspect of science fiction appeals to the author most
A．The appearance of aliens.
B．The way to criticise the present reality.
C．The creation of numerous imaginary worlds.
D．The wonderful stories combined with equations.
答案及解析
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的I feel that the greatest appeal of science fiction is the creation of numerous imaginary worlds outside of reality.可知，科幻小说最吸引作者的方面就是在现实之外创造出的无数想象的世界。故选C项。
3．What is the author’s attitude to human’s idea about aliens
A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Uncertain. D．Indifferent.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
3．B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的But when they look at the stars, they turn emotional and believe that if aliens exist, they must be friendly and kind.以及第四段中的I think it should be the opposite可以推断出，作者对人们看待外星人的态度是不赞成的。supportive意为“支持的”；negative意为“消极的”；uncertain意为“不确定的”；indifferent意为“不关心的”。故选B项。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The author’s achievements in science fiction.
B．Themes and points of view of the author’s works.
C．People’s knowledge and misunderstanding about the universe.
D．The author’s devotion to science fiction and concern for mankind.
答案及解析
4．D 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的As a science fiction writer who began as a fan, I do not use my fiction as a way to criticise the reality of the present.可知，作者从文章一开始就表达了自己对科幻小说的热爱以及自己写科幻小说的目的。此外，最后一段中的It often describes a day when humanity will form a harmonious whole and I believe the arrival of such a day need not wait for the appearance of aliens.说明作者经常通过科幻小说表达对人类的关心，总结自己写科幻小说的目的。由此我们可以得出，作者写整篇文章的目的就是表达对科幻小说的热爱以及对人类的关心。故选D项。
[广东汕头金山中学2021高二月考]What will the future be like Good or bad A lot of science fictional writing imagines a world which is dark and scary.In Blade Runner, Harrison Ford hunts robots in chaotic (混乱的) Los Angeles.Planet of the Apes shows a hopeless future to humankind.
There’s a word to describe the kind of future world which often appears in science fiction: dystopia.It means an imagined place where things are unpleasant or bad.The opposite is utopia. But does tomorrow's world have to be so disappointing
No.A new project wants to use the power of science fiction to inspire people to create a better future.Project Hieroglyph brings together writers, scientists, engineers and artists to create optimistic stories about things which really could happen in the next 50 years.
It’s just a matter of making an effort.Experts say it’s easier to create a dystopia than write a feel good story.There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting when there are a lot of problems to solve.No challenge, no story!
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 社会现象 336 中 7分钟
But the project produced a book with some promising plots.One of them is about environmentalists who fight to stop entrepreneurs (创业者) from building the first hotel in Antarctica.Well, there's conflict and it seems reasonable, so it could be a good story.
But will these stories actually change something or just keep us entertained Ed Finn, the book's editor, thinks the former.He says：“A good science fictional story can be very powerful.It can inspire hundreds, thousands, millions of people to do something that they want to do.”
The influence of science fiction can already be seen in modern research, says Professor Braden Allenby.He asks：“Why are people working on, for example, invisibility cloaks (斗篷) Well, Harry Potter uses the cloak, right ”
Time will tell how far we can go.Let's dream big and think outside the box.Who knows what wonderful things we can come up with
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 社会现象 336 中 7分钟
1．What does the underlined word “utopia” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．A real world where people can do anything they like.
B．An imagined place where things are unpleasant or bad.
C．An imaginary perfect world where everyone is happy.
D．A wild and terrible place where no one can live happily.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文属于议论文，阐述了科幻小说对我们生活的影响，以及人们努力利用科幻小说使之产生对我们有利的作用。
答案及解析
1．C 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的There’s a word to describe the kind of future world which often appears in science fiction: dystopia.It means an imagined place where things are unpleasant or bad.The opposite is utopia.可知，utopia 的反义词是dystopia，dystopia指一个阴暗悲惨的世界，因而其反义词utopia意为“美好的世界”，故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
2．Why do experts say “it’s easier to create a dystopia than write a feel good story”？
A．A dystopia needs less imagination.
B．A feel good story is more interesting.
C．There is no conflict in a feel good story.
D．There are more problems to solve in a dystopia.
2．D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting when there are a lot of problems to solve.可知，反乌托邦的冲突更多，当有很多问题需要解决时，故事就会更有趣，故选D项。
答案及解析
3．Why does Professor Braden Allenby take “invisibility cloaks” as an example
A．To catch readers' attention.
B．To amuse science fiction readers.
C．To introduce a science fictional story.
D．To show the influence of science fiction.
3．D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The influence of science fiction can already be seen in modern research, says Professor Braden Allenby.He asks: “Why are people working on, for example, invisibility cloaks Well, Harry Potter uses the cloak, right？”可知，教授举哈利·波特的例子意在说明科幻小说对现代人的影响很大，故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
4．B 主旨大意题。全文主要阐述了科幻小说对我们生活的影响和作用，故选B项。
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．What Is Science Fiction
B．Can Science Fiction Help Us
C．What Will Man Do in the Future
D．Shall We Live a Better Life in the Future
[江西余干一中2022高二开学考试]
How to Pick a Favourite Book to Read
The world is full of great books, just waiting to be read.How can you pick one you'll really like Here are some tips.
Depend on your hobby.If you have a favourite hobby, look for books about that activity.__1__ You're more likely to enjoy reading a book if you're already interested in its subject.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
1．E 根据设空处的上一句可知，如果你有一个最喜欢的爱好，那么去找一些关于这项活动的书。E项表示“你可以找到几乎任何你喜欢的书籍”，故选E项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何挑选你最喜欢读的书籍给出了建议：依你的爱好而定；选择小说或者非小说；找人帮忙；找出家人的最爱；发起书籍交换活动。
答案及解析
【答案】E．You can find books about almost anything you like.
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 介绍说明 267 中 7分钟
Choose fiction or non fiction.__2__ Those are called fiction books.They can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experiences.Non fiction books tell stories using facts, but that doesn’t mean they’re boring.Non fiction books can bring to life everything from the first trip to the moon to what it's like to explore the deepest ocean.
__3__ Your local library is a great place to find books that you love.Tell a librarian about your interests, and the librarian can help you find other books that you’re sure to love.Your teacher is another good person to ask.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
2．D 根据设空处的下一句Those are called fiction books.可知，这些书被叫作小说。D项(一些书完全是编造和想象出来的)是对小说的定义，其中的Some books就是下文Those指代的内容，故选D项。
答案及解析
【答案】D．Some books are entirely made up and imagined.
【答案】A．Ask someone for help.
3．A 根据下文中的Tell a librarian about your interests, and the librarian can help you find other books that you’re sure to love.可知，本段主要讲请别人帮忙找书，故选A项。
Find a family favourite.What was your mother’s favourite book when she was your age What about your father’s Ask them and give it a read.Then you can talk about what they like about it and share your thoughts.__4__
Launch a book exchange.__5__ It's always fun to see what your friends are reading.Even if they’re not exactly bookworms, you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like.You can also look for book exchanges in your area.It’s a great way to build your personal library for free!
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
4．F 该段的中心句为Find a family favourite.，F项(这是一种有趣的方法，能让你更好地了解你的家人)符合该段的主题，故选F项。
答案及解析
【答案】F．It’s a fun way to get to know your family a little better.
【答案】G．Why not get some friends together and exchange favourite books
5．G G项提到与朋友交换书籍，紧扣该段中心句Launch a book exchange.(发起一场书籍交换活动)，故选G项。
A．Ask someone for help.
B．Learn to be a professional.
C．You should read as many books as possible.
D．Some books are entirely made up and imagined.
E．You can find books about almost anything you like.
F．It’s a fun way to get to know your family a little better.
G．Why not get some friends together and exchange favourite books
Unit 8 Literature
选择性必修
第三册
Lesson 3 20 ,000 Leagues Under the Sea
03
1．In ____________ (desperate), I joined a physical exercise class.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
desperation
句意为：在绝望中我参加了一个健身班。介词in后面应用名词，in desperation意为“在绝望中；走投无路；无可奈何；不顾一切”。
2．Our new offices are still under ____________ (construct)．
construction
句意为：我们的新办公室尚在修建中。under construction (＝ being built)意为“在修建中”。介词under后面需要用名词，注意此短语中不用冠词。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
3．One is the water and soil______________ (preserve) project, which resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.
句意为：一个是水土保持工程，这会使农民用树木或草代替他们的农作物。water and soil ________ 作定语，修饰project，water and soil又修饰设空处，根据句意可知，此处应填名词preservation。
preservation
4．________ (evident), some of these questions are rather too difficult to answer.
Evidently
句意为：显然，其中一些问题相当难以回答。设空处位于句首，其后是一个完整的句子，此处应是作状语，故填副词Evidently。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
5．We believe that if we form a perfectly ________ (polish) personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us.
句意为：我们相信，如果我们塑造十足完美的个性，让我们的才智闪光，完善我们的幽默感，那么就没有人可以伤害我们了。设空处前为副词，后为名词，故应填形容词polished，意为“完美的，精湛的”。
polished
6．I left immediately the clock ________ (strike) twelve.
struck
句意为：钟一敲响十二点我就走了。immediately引导时间状语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句时态应保持一致，且从句主语clock与strike之间为主动关系，故填struck。
解析
解析
7．—How do you find your first visit to your net friend Jane
—Oh, wonderful! Her warm welcome left me completely________ ease.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
at
8．Whether we need to prepare more food depends ________ the number of people who will be present.
on/upon
句意为：——你觉得你第一次拜访你的网友简怎么样？——哦，太好了！她热情的欢迎使我非常自在。at ease 意为“舒适，自在”。
句意为：我们是否需要准备更多的食物要视将要到场的人数而定。depend on/upon 意为“取决于”。
解析
解析
9．He as well as his wife ____________ (invite) to the party last week.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
was invited
10．Some farmers leave their hometown and go to work in cities, ________ (struggle) to increase their income.
struggling
句意为：他和他的妻子上周被邀请去参加聚会了。 as well as 意为“和”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。本句中He为第三人称单数，与invite为被动关系，last week为过去的时间，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was invited。
句意为：一些农民离开家乡到城市工作，为增加收入而努力。句子已有并列的谓语动词leave和go，设空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语动词形式。struggle和其逻辑主语Some farmers 之间是主动关系。故应填现在分词struggling。
解析
解析
1．罗斯的幽默是如此好笑以至于每个学生都哄然大笑起来。(结果状语)
Rose’s humour was ________ ________ ________ ________ make every student burst into laughter.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
答案：1．so amusing as to
“so＋adj.＋as to”意为“如此……以至于……”。
2．由于中国第二大飞机制造商投入运营，我们的核心利益将得到更好的维护。(service)
Our core interests will be better safeguarded now that China’s second largest aircraft manufacturer ________ ________ ________.
答案：2．is in service
be in service意为“在使用中，在运营中”。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
3．她没有意识到她对人们的影响。(unconscious)
She ________ ________ ________ the effects she has on people.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
答案：3．is unconscious of be conscious/unconscious of 意为“对……有/无意识”。
4．振作起来！无论如何，我们不应该只是被动地对该事件作出反应。(respond)
Cheer up! In any case, we shouldn't merely passively ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：4．respond to the event respond to 意为“对……作出反应”。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
5．这好像世界末日一般。就在这座城市正下方11千米处，发生了20世纪最大的地震。(as if)
________ ________ ________ ________ the world was at an end.Eleven kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had happened.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
答案：5．It seemed as if 此处as if引导表语从句。
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
体裁：记叙文 题材：科幻故事
When the boat violently crashed, the professor1________ (throw) away from it and he even couldn’t remember 2________ (fall) from the boat.3________ (sudden), he discovered he was drawn up to the surface.It was Conseil 4________ protected him from drowning.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．was thrown 设空处为主句的谓语动词，主语the professor为第三人称单数形式，由语境可知，主语和throw之间为被动关系，所以应用被动语态，且When引导的时间状语从句用的是一般过去时，故此处应填一般过去时的被动语态。
答案及解析
2．falling 句意为：……他甚至不记得从船上掉下去了。remember doing sth意为“记得做过某事”，故此处填falling。
3．Suddenly 设空处位于句首作状语，应用副词形式。
4．who/that 强调句型的基本结构为“it is/was＋被强调的部分＋who/that…”，此处被强调的部分为人，故用who，也可用that。
At about one o’clock in the morning, they cried for help and then got a 5________ (respond).6________， the professor began to sink, struck a hard body and then felt he was brought to the surface of the sea.And then he was totally out of 7________(conscious)．Afterwards, the professor woke 8________ and saw Ned who was also thrown into the sea.
Then the professor moved to the top of the hard body and found out that it was a boat 9________ (make) of steel.He looked through the outside of it, but found nothing.Finally, this long night came to10________ end.At dawn a man walked out of the boat and disappeared quickly.Later, eight men appeared and got them down into the boat.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
5．response 设空处前有冠词a，后面应接名词，故填response。
6．However 根据上下文可知，此处表示转折，再根据设空处后的逗号可知，此处应用副词作状语，故填However。
7．consciousness be out of consciousness 意为“失去知觉”。
8．up wake up为固定搭配，意为“醒来”。
9．made 宾语从句中已有谓语动词was，故此处应用非谓语动词形式，boat和make之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词made作后置定语。
10．an come to an end为固定搭配，意为“结束”。
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与艺术
[山东枣庄2022高二期中]Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a lonely place any more.Thousands of people have 1________ (successful) climbed the mountain over the past years.Meanwhile, climbers have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks, 2________ isn’t just uncomfortable but cold and dangerous.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了登山者丢弃的垃圾严重污染了珠穆朗玛峰，许多登山者自愿清理垃圾以保护环境，并将一些垃圾改造成艺术品进行展览以警示人们。
答案及解析
1．successfully 句意为：在过去的几年中，已有数以千计的人成功登上了这座山。修饰谓语动词have climbed应用副词，作状语。故填successfully。
2．which 句意为：与此同时，登山者抱怨在狭窄路段等待数小时不仅让人感到不适，而且又冷又危险。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代“在狭窄路段等待数小时”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
In fact, the dangerous 3________ (crowd) aren’t the only problem.All those climbers need to bring a lot of gear (装备), much of which ends up 4________ (leave) on the mountain.It is becoming the world's 5________ (tall) rubbish dump.
But the good news is that some mountaineers have decided 6________ (clean) up Qomolangma.Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of an expedition, which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008.So far they 7________ (collect) over 13 tons of garbage.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
3．crowds 句意为：事实上，危险的人群并不是唯一的问题。crowd意为“人群”时是可数名词，根据谓语动词aren’t可知，此处要用可数名词的复数形式作主语。故填crowds。
4．being left 句意为：所有那些登山者都需要带很多装备，其中很多装备最终被丢在了山上。固定短语end up doing sth意为“最终做某事”，从句主语much of which中的which指代的是gear，与leave之间是被动关系，因此应用动名词的被动式。故填being left。
5．tallest 句意为：它正在成为世界上最高的垃圾场。根据the world's可知，此处表最高级含义，应用形容词的最高级形式。故填tallest。
6．to clean 句意为：但好消息是，一些登山者已经决定清理珠穆朗玛峰。decide to do sth为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故填to clean。
7．have collected 句意为：到目前为止，他们已经收集了超过13吨的垃圾。根据So far可知，此处时态要用现在完成时，主语是they，助动词应用have。故填have collected。
Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8________ higher purpose.A group of 15 artists collected 1.5 tons of garbage.They’ve changed the cans and oxygen tanks 9________ 74 pieces of art that have already been exhibited.Part of the profit from sales 10________ (be) available for an association which has helped collect rubbish off the mountain.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．a 句意为：有些垃圾甚至被用于更远大的目的。purpose意为“目的”时，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且higher的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
9．to/into 句意为：他们把金属罐和氧气罐变成了74件艺术品，这些艺术品已经被展出。短语change… to/into… 意为“把……变成……”。故填to或into。
10．is 句意为：销售利润的一部分可用于帮助收集山上垃圾的一家协会。设空处为主句的谓语，陈述现在的事实，时态应用一般现在时，根据主语Part of the profit可知，此处谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
Satellites, hunger, stars, kerosene lamps (煤油灯), the Milky Way, the Cultural Revolution's factional civil wars, a light year, the flood… These seemingly unconnected things combined together and formed the early part of my life, which shaped the science fiction I write today.
As a science fiction writer who began as a fan, I do not use my fiction as a way to criticise the reality of the present.I feel that the greatest appeal of science fiction is the creation of numerous imaginary worlds outside of reality.I've always felt that the greatest and most beautiful stories are told by science.They are far more magnificent, grand, involved, profound, thrilling, strange, terrifying, mysterious, and even emotional.Only these wonderful stories are locked in cold equations (方程式) that most people do not know how to read.
There’s a strange contradiction: On Earth, mankind can step onto another continent, and destroy the civilisations through war and disease.But when they look at the stars, they turn emotional and believe that if aliens exist, they must be friendly and kind.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 个人经历 298 中 7分钟
I think it should be the opposite: Let's turn the kindness we show towards the stars to mankind and build up trust and understanding between different peoples and civilisations.But for the universe outside the solar system, we should be cautious.For a fragile civilisation like ours, this is the most responsible path.
As a fan of science fiction, a considerable part of the science fiction I've read comes from America.The fact that American readers can now enjoy my book makes me both pleased and excited.Science fiction describes events of interest to all of humanity.It often describes a day when humanity will form a harmonious whole and I believe the arrival of such a day need not wait for the appearance of aliens.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 个人经历 298 中 7分钟
1．What shaped the author’s present works
A．His early life experiences. B．Unconnected daily objects.
C．American science fiction. D．The adventures in his imagination.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，论述了作者对科幻小说的热爱和进行科幻小说写作的原因，并表达了作者对人类的关心。
答案及解析
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的These seemingly unconnected things combined together and formed the early part of my life, which shaped the science fiction I write today.可知，作者早期的生活经历塑造了作者如今创作的科幻小说。故选A项。
2．Which aspect of science fiction appeals to the author most
A．The appearance of aliens.
B．The way to criticise the present reality.
C．The creation of numerous imaginary worlds.
D．The wonderful stories combined with equations.
答案及解析
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的I feel that the greatest appeal of science fiction is the creation of numerous imaginary worlds outside of reality.可知，科幻小说最吸引作者的方面就是在现实之外创造出的无数想象的世界。故选C项。
3．What is the author’s attitude to human’s idea about aliens
A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Uncertain. D．Indifferent.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
3．B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的But when they look at the stars, they turn emotional and believe that if aliens exist, they must be friendly and kind.以及第四段中的I think it should be the opposite可以推断出，作者对人们看待外星人的态度是不赞成的。supportive意为“支持的”；negative意为“消极的”；uncertain意为“不确定的”；indifferent意为“不关心的”。故选B项。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The author’s achievements in science fiction.
B．Themes and points of view of the author’s works.
C．People’s knowledge and misunderstanding about the universe.
D．The author’s devotion to science fiction and concern for mankind.
答案及解析
4．D 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的As a science fiction writer who began as a fan, I do not use my fiction as a way to criticise the reality of the present.可知，作者从文章一开始就表达了自己对科幻小说的热爱以及自己写科幻小说的目的。此外，最后一段中的It often describes a day when humanity will form a harmonious whole and I believe the arrival of such a day need not wait for the appearance of aliens.说明作者经常通过科幻小说表达对人类的关心，总结自己写科幻小说的目的。由此我们可以得出，作者写整篇文章的目的就是表达对科幻小说的热爱以及对人类的关心。故选D项。
[广东汕头金山中学2021高二月考]What will the future be like Good or bad A lot of science fictional writing imagines a world which is dark and scary.In Blade Runner, Harrison Ford hunts robots in chaotic (混乱的) Los Angeles.Planet of the Apes shows a hopeless future to humankind.
There’s a word to describe the kind of future world which often appears in science fiction: dystopia.It means an imagined place where things are unpleasant or bad.The opposite is utopia. But does tomorrow's world have to be so disappointing
No.A new project wants to use the power of science fiction to inspire people to create a better future.Project Hieroglyph brings together writers, scientists, engineers and artists to create optimistic stories about things which really could happen in the next 50 years.
It’s just a matter of making an effort.Experts say it’s easier to create a dystopia than write a feel good story.There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting when there are a lot of problems to solve.No challenge, no story!
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 社会现象 336 中 7分钟
But the project produced a book with some promising plots.One of them is about environmentalists who fight to stop entrepreneurs (创业者) from building the first hotel in Antarctica.Well, there's conflict and it seems reasonable, so it could be a good story.
But will these stories actually change something or just keep us entertained Ed Finn, the book's editor, thinks the former.He says：“A good science fictional story can be very powerful.It can inspire hundreds, thousands, millions of people to do something that they want to do.”
The influence of science fiction can already be seen in modern research, says Professor Braden Allenby.He asks：“Why are people working on, for example, invisibility cloaks (斗篷) Well, Harry Potter uses the cloak, right ”
Time will tell how far we can go.Let's dream big and think outside the box.Who knows what wonderful things we can come up with
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 社会现象 336 中 7分钟
1．What does the underlined word “utopia” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．A real world where people can do anything they like.
B．An imagined place where things are unpleasant or bad.
C．An imaginary perfect world where everyone is happy.
D．A wild and terrible place where no one can live happily.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文属于议论文，阐述了科幻小说对我们生活的影响，以及人们努力利用科幻小说使之产生对我们有利的作用。
答案及解析
1．C 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的There’s a word to describe the kind of future world which often appears in science fiction: dystopia.It means an imagined place where things are unpleasant or bad.The opposite is utopia.可知，utopia 的反义词是dystopia，dystopia指一个阴暗悲惨的世界，因而其反义词utopia意为“美好的世界”，故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
2．Why do experts say “it’s easier to create a dystopia than write a feel good story”？
A．A dystopia needs less imagination.
B．A feel good story is more interesting.
C．There is no conflict in a feel good story.
D．There are more problems to solve in a dystopia.
2．D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的There’s more conflict in a world full of problems, and stories are interesting when there are a lot of problems to solve.可知，反乌托邦的冲突更多，当有很多问题需要解决时，故事就会更有趣，故选D项。
答案及解析
3．Why does Professor Braden Allenby take “invisibility cloaks” as an example
A．To catch readers' attention.
B．To amuse science fiction readers.
C．To introduce a science fictional story.
D．To show the influence of science fiction.
3．D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The influence of science fiction can already be seen in modern research, says Professor Braden Allenby.He asks: “Why are people working on, for example, invisibility cloaks Well, Harry Potter uses the cloak, right？”可知，教授举哈利·波特的例子意在说明科幻小说对现代人的影响很大，故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
4．B 主旨大意题。全文主要阐述了科幻小说对我们生活的影响和作用，故选B项。
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．What Is Science Fiction
B．Can Science Fiction Help Us
C．What Will Man Do in the Future
D．Shall We Live a Better Life in the Future
[江西余干一中2022高二开学考试]
How to Pick a Favourite Book to Read
The world is full of great books, just waiting to be read.How can you pick one you'll really like Here are some tips.
Depend on your hobby.If you have a favourite hobby, look for books about that activity.__1__ You're more likely to enjoy reading a book if you're already interested in its subject.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
1．E 根据设空处的上一句可知，如果你有一个最喜欢的爱好，那么去找一些关于这项活动的书。E项表示“你可以找到几乎任何你喜欢的书籍”，故选E项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何挑选你最喜欢读的书籍给出了建议：依你的爱好而定；选择小说或者非小说；找人帮忙；找出家人的最爱；发起书籍交换活动。
答案及解析
【答案】E．You can find books about almost anything you like.
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 介绍说明 267 中 7分钟
Choose fiction or non fiction.__2__ Those are called fiction books.They can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experiences.Non fiction books tell stories using facts, but that doesn’t mean they’re boring.Non fiction books can bring to life everything from the first trip to the moon to what it's like to explore the deepest ocean.
__3__ Your local library is a great place to find books that you love.Tell a librarian about your interests, and the librarian can help you find other books that you’re sure to love.Your teacher is another good person to ask.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
2．D 根据设空处的下一句Those are called fiction books.可知，这些书被叫作小说。D项(一些书完全是编造和想象出来的)是对小说的定义，其中的Some books就是下文Those指代的内容，故选D项。
答案及解析
【答案】D．Some books are entirely made up and imagined.
【答案】A．Ask someone for help.
3．A 根据下文中的Tell a librarian about your interests, and the librarian can help you find other books that you’re sure to love.可知，本段主要讲请别人帮忙找书，故选A项。
Find a family favourite.What was your mother’s favourite book when she was your age What about your father’s Ask them and give it a read.Then you can talk about what they like about it and share your thoughts.__4__
Launch a book exchange.__5__ It's always fun to see what your friends are reading.Even if they’re not exactly bookworms, you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like.You can also look for book exchanges in your area.It’s a great way to build your personal library for free!
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
4．F 该段的中心句为Find a family favourite.，F项(这是一种有趣的方法，能让你更好地了解你的家人)符合该段的主题，故选F项。
答案及解析
【答案】F．It’s a fun way to get to know your family a little better.
【答案】G．Why not get some friends together and exchange favourite books
5．G G项提到与朋友交换书籍，紧扣该段中心句Launch a book exchange.(发起一场书籍交换活动)，故选G项。
A．Ask someone for help.
B．Learn to be a professional.
C．You should read as many books as possible.
D．Some books are entirely made up and imagined.
E．You can find books about almost anything you like.
F．It’s a fun way to get to know your family a little better.
G．Why not get some friends together and exchange favourite books