北师大版 （2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit10 Connections Lesson2 Community Spirit课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
Unit 10　Connections
选择性必修
第四册
Lesson 2　Community Spirit
02
1．Kids brought up in a happy family are usually more outgoing; ________ (additional), they have an evident tendency to show excellent study performances.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
additionally
句意为：在快乐的家庭里长大的孩子通常更为外向；此外，他们明显会有优秀的学业表现。设空处为副词作状语。故填additionally。
2．The elderly are advised to take part in community activities ________ (frequent)．
frequently　
句意为：建议老年人经常参加社区活动。设空处为副词作状语，修饰动词短语take part in，故填frequently。
解析
解析
3．It is rather ______________ (convenient) for office workers to move to the outskirts of the city.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：对公司职员来说，搬到市郊是非常不方便的。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，设空处应用convenient的反义词作表语，表示“不方便的”。故填inconvenient。
4．The young man was in a bad mood as a ______________ (consequent) of failing a test.
句意为：这个年轻人没有通过考试，因而情绪非常低落。 as a consequence of sth为固定表达，意为“由于某事”，此处在句中作原因状语。故填consequence。
inconvenient
consequence
解析
解析
5．They often involve consumers ________ trying the craft themselves.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
in
句意为：他们经常让消费者亲身尝试手工制作。involve sb in (doing) sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人参与(做)某事”。故填in。
6．I would pay regular ________ (visit) to my grandparents living in the country.
visits
句意为：我会经常看望在乡下居住的祖父母。pay a visit/visits to为固定表达，意为“拜访，看望”，其中visit 为可数名词，根据语境可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填visits。
解析
解析
7．We were asked to move out of the building because it _________________________ (decorate) at that time.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
was being decorated
句意为：我们被要求搬出大楼，因为那时它正在装修。根据语境和时间状语at that time可知，设空处为过去某一时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时；it指代the building，和decorate之间是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being decorated。
8．The working teams ________ (consist) of young people are likely to be more productive.
consisting
句意为：由年轻人组成的工作团队可能更加高效。此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，consist of无被动形式，和被修饰的名词短语The working teams之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用consist的现在分词形式。故填consisting。
解析
解析
9．It is not surprising ________ great changes have taken place in people's lifestyle.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
that
10．________________________ we have been separated for many years, we are still close friends.
Although/Though/While
句意为：人们的生活方式已经发生了很大的改变，这不足为奇。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中没有词义，且不作成分。故填that。
句意为：尽管我们已经分开多年，我们依然是亲密的朋友。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，应用从属连词Although/Though/While。故填Although/Though/While。
解析
解析
体裁：议论文 题材：社会责任
[江苏南通2022高二段测]Apart from personal development, it is also important 1________ (assume) responsibility for the betterment of society.Society is2________ organic whole, and as social beings, we have a responsibility to make a contribution.You may
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．to assume　句意为：除了个人发展，为改善社会承担责任也很重要。it is important to do sth为固定句式，应用不定式作句子真正的主语，assume应用不定式形式。故填to assume。
2．an　句意为：社会是一个有机的整体，作为社会人，我们有责任作出贡献。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且organic 的发音是元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了除了个人发展，为自己的行为承担责任对改善社会也很重要。共同努力，我们将有能力逐步而持续地推动我们的社会进步。
答案及解析
3________ (hear) the story of a small boy who tried to save starfish left on the beach after a storm by throwing them back into the sea.People passing by told him that he was wasting his time, for he could not4________ (possible) save them all.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
答案及解析
3．have heard　句意为：你可能听说过一个小男孩的故事，他试图把风暴过后留在海滩上的海星扔回海里以拯救它们。此处表示对过去的推测，应用“情态动词＋have done”结构。故填 have heard。
4．possibly　句意为：路过的人告诉他，他是在浪费时间，因为他不可能拯救所有的海星。此处修饰动词 save，作状语，应用副词。故填 possibly。
However, the boy was not discouraged, believing that he could make a difference to the ones 5________ he saved.As a result, the6________ (passer by) felt inspired and joined him in saving the starfish.Similarly, the little things you do can make a difference! For example, picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a 7________ (clean) environment.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
5．that　句意为：然而，男孩并不气馁，他相信自己可以改变他所拯救的海星。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为ones，设空处在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that。故填that。
6．passers by　句意为：结果，过路的人受到鼓舞，加入他一起拯救海星。passer by为可数名词，根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式。故填passers by。
7．cleaner　句意为：例如，在你所住街区附近捡垃圾有助于创造一个更清洁的环境。此处暗含比较的含义，应用形容词比较级作定语。故填 cleaner。
Reporting a8________ (speed) car helps ensure road safety.Being energy efficient leads to savings of our precious natural resources.Doing volunteer work at a local nursing home brings love and 9________ (warm) to the elderly.Just like the “starfish boy”， you may even inspire people around you to do the same, which is an added bonus.Work together, 10________ we'll have the power to gradually but continuously advance our society.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．warmth　句意为：在当地一家养老院做志愿者工作给老人们带来了爱和温暖。此处作宾语，与 love 并列，应用名词。故填warmth。
10．and　句意为：共同努力，我们将有能力逐步而持续地推动我们的社会进步。此句是“祈使句＋and＋简单句”这一固定句式。故填and。
8．speeding　句意为：报告一辆超速行驶的汽车有助于确保道路安全。分析句子结构可知，speed在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语car之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填 speeding。
[湖北四地七校考试联盟2021高二期中联考]I created Buddy Project when I was a 15 year old girl.At the time, my best friend had been diagnosed with a mental health condition, and that was the first time I had been made aware of what mental illness was.I wanted to learn more and create a good support system for her.Back then, I was also on Twitter because I had trouble making friends in school.I found a lot of people I related to online, and I found a community of friends based on my interests.I combined those two experiences and wanted to make a way for people to find a safe and loving community online.I wanted people to have a peer (同龄人) support system available to them and feel accepted.
When I started Buddy Project, I was in the ninth grade and only had free time after school.I intended it to be something I did part time.I didn’t really think that many people would be interested in it.On the first day, however, 3 ,000 people signed up.I realised then that it was not something I was just going to do as scheduled.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 个人经历 356 中 8分钟
Mental illness affects tens of millions of people in the United States each year, yet only half receive treatment, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.Mental health care is not always accessible or affordable, and that needs to be talked about.Even if the stigma (羞耻) surrounding mental illness decreased, the cost of treatment would still be a problem.Without help, there are some people who won't be able to receive the proper care.
Buddy Project started out by just raising awareness of mental health on social media.Then we became a nonprofit, and since 2015 we’ve been trying to raise funds to help pay for others’ mental health treatment too.We’ve mainly focused on raising money for people in our hometown of southeastern Pennsylvania, but we want to expand and offer help throughout the United States.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 个人经历 356 中 8分钟
1．What can we conclude about the author from Paragraph 1
A．She sought ways to drive away loneliness. B．She eventually found friendship online.
C．She came up with the idea for Buddy Project. D．She cured her best friend of mental illness.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。在作者15岁的时候，她最好的朋友患上了心理疾病，为了更好地帮助朋友，她创建了Buddy Project这一项目。如今她通过 Buddy Project筹资帮助了许多患心理疾病却无力承担治疗费用的患者，她希望将来可以帮助更多的心理疾病患者获得治疗。
答案及解析
1．C　细节理解题。第一段指出，因为作者最好的朋友患上心理疾病，作者开始关注心理疾病；作者在学校很难交到朋友，但她在网上找到了和自己志同道合的朋友。这两件事情使作者萌生了创建Buddy Project的想法，作者希望以此来帮助心理疾病患者建立一个属于他们的圈子。故选C项。
2．What went beyond the author’s expectations
A．That her studies were badly influenced. B．That so many people participated in her project.
C．That she could carry out the project part time. D．That she had enough free time for her project.
答案及解析
2．B　细节理解题。由第二段中的I didn’t really think that many people would be interested in it.On the first day, however, 3，000 people signed up.可知，作者没想到会有这么多人参与她的项目。故选B项。
3．What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3
A．To explain the influence of mental health care.
B．To show her positive attitude towards mental illness.
C．To show the necessity of helping those with mental illness.
D．To encourage lower costs of treatment for mental illness.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Mental illness affects tens of millions of people… Mental health care is not always accessible or affordable… talked about.和Without help, there are some people… proper care.可知，在美国，心理疾病每年影响着数千万人，但是只有一半的人能得到治疗，若得不到帮助，有些人可能无法得到恰当的治疗。由此可知，作者写本段的目的是说明去帮助那些患有心理疾病的人们的必要性。故选C项。
答案及解析
答案及解析
4．D　推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知，作者希望Buddy Project将来不仅可以帮助她家乡的心理疾病患者，而且能帮助美国各地的心理疾病患者接受治疗。故选D项。
4．What does Buddy Project plan to do in the future
A．Offer different types of mental health care.
B．Find more ways to prevent mental illness happening.
C．Raise awareness of mental health on social media.
D．Help more people receive mental illness treatment.
[江苏南通2021高二期末]Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) enjoy watching movies together, scientists have discovered, in research that suggests social bonding through shared experiences has deep evolutionary roots.
It is widely known that humans can bond over group activities such as watching a movie or playing board games.But it has been unclear whether the underlying psychology behind this effect is present in other species.
In the research, chimpanzees were placed in pairs and shown a short video.The researchers then measured how long it took them to approach their partners, how close they got and how long they remained in proximity (靠近)—measures of social bonding.
Chimpanzees who had viewed the video with either another of their own species or a human approached their partners faster or spent longer in proximity to them, compared with those who had watched the video on their own, the scientists found.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 介绍说明 305 中 7分钟
The findings indicate that social bonding created by shared experiences may have deeper evolutionary roots than previously thought.“Animals can stand together and watch a waterfall, but they don't seem to seek out those kinds of experiences, ” said Wolf, an author on the study.“So for a long time we thought they weren’t capable of performing that way or they weren't feeling any psychological consequences from doing so.It's exciting that at least some parts of the psychology that we need to connect through shared experiences may actually have a slightly longer evolutionary history than previously suspected.”
The animals were tracked for only three minutes after they had watched the film, so it is not clear whether shared experiences strengthen social bonds in the long term.The research used animals in captivity, and scientists said it was not known whether the same effects would be observed in the wild.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 介绍说明 305 中 7分钟
1．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Experiencing social bonds.
B．Sharing evolutionary roots.
C．Bonding over group activities.
D．Watching movies together.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于共同经历加强黑猩猩社交联系的研究。该研究表明，通过共同经历形成社交联系的这一心理活动的进化历史远比我们想象的更久远。
答案及解析
1．C　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段内容可知，人们广泛认为人与人之间会通过团队活动形成情感纽带，但是此理论是否也适用于其他物种还不确定。故画线部分指代前文提及的通过团队活动形成社交联系这一理论。故选C项。
2．How did the researchers get the findings
A．By making a comparison.
B．By introducing a concept.
C．By using an expert's words.
D．By referring to another study.
答案及解析
2．A　推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知，研究人员将参与实验的黑猩猩分成两组，通过对比来分析它们独自观看视频和与同伴或人类一同观看视频之后的不同反应。故选A项。
3．What did Wolf think of the research findings
A．Imperfect.
B．Encouraging.
C．Groundless.
D．Doubtful.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中沃尔夫的话可知，他认为这项研究使我们在社交情感联系的心理进化史的研究上又前进了一步，因此他认为这项研究是鼓舞人心的。故选B项。
答案及解析
答案及解析
4．C　主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，研究者仍需要进行一些长期观察黑猩猩社交行为的研究，以便确定共同经历是否对加强社交联系具有长期效力，同时研究者们也不确定是否能在野生而非圈养的动物身上观察到相同的反应。故选C项。
4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Approaches to future studies.
B．New perceptions of other scientists.
C．The aspects which need further tests.
D．The application of the research findings.
[吉林长春东北师大附中2022高二段测]Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.
I chose this __1__ because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid.Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren't really designed for __2__.I stayed there feeling __3__ and a little bored.
After years’ special training, I work as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”．Being a clown doctor means I can help people by __4__ them.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 小丑医生 258 中 12分钟
1．A.responsibility B．burden
C．dream D．career
2．A.patients B．clowns
C．children D．parents
3．A.frightened B．absorbed
C．tired D．confused
4．A.teasing B．entertaining
C．comforting D．educating
One day, __5__ my curly rainbow wig and big red nose, I walked into the waiting area, where there was a familiar atmosphere of __6__ and tension.At that time I spotted a small girl __7__ in pain, with her ankle was twice its __8__ size.Her __9__ parents were sitting uncomfortably on plastic chairs, trying their best to comfort the nervous and crying girl.
　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
5．A.putting on B．working on
C．taking on D．relying on
6．A.sacrifice B．embarrassment
C．boredom D．criticism
7．A.crying B．running
C．reading D．standing
8．A.normal B．formal
C．accurate D．appropriate
9．A.ambitious B．anxious
C．careful D．disappointed
While the doctor concentrated on __10__ her ankle, I got her __11__ by doing a magic trick.Although she was clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look had been __12__—first by a small smile and then by loud laughter as I magically produced her sock from out of my pocket.Seeing their daughter so much happier __13__ made her parents more relaxed.My magic medicine did indeed seem to do the trick.
Even today, I still __14__ a big smile as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day.After all, it is true that __15__ is the best medicine.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
10．A.operating B．experiencing
C．controlling D．examining
11．A.attraction B．admission
C．attention D．assumption
12．A.replaced B．relieved
C．removed D．reflected
13．A.in return B．in turn
C．in vain D．in question
14．A.stick B．strengthen
C．enter D．wear
15．A.pain B．magic
C．laughter D．behaviour
答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从事小丑医生这个职业的原因和作者给患者与自己带来的快乐。
1．D　句意为：我选择这个职业是因为我小时候去医院的经历。根据下文中的Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren't really designed for ________.I stayed there feeling ________ and a little bored.和第三段中的Being a clown doctor means I can help people by ________ them.可知，儿时去医院时体验到的害怕和无聊使作者选择小丑医生这个能让病人心情变好的职业。故选D项。
2．C　句意为：尽管医生和护士做得很好，但医院的确不是为儿童设计的。根据空前的I chose this ________ because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid.和空后一句I stayed there feeling ________ and a little bored.以及常识可知，孩子喜欢去开心的地方，作者小时候觉得医院是个令孩子们害怕和无聊的地方，不是给孩子们设计的。故选C项。
3．A　句意为：我待在那里感到害怕，有点无聊。根据下文中的I walked into… a familiar atmosphere of ________ and tension可推知，作者小时候去医院会有紧张和害怕的感觉。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
4．B　句意为：作为一个小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗人们开心来帮助他们。根据第五段中的Although she was clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look had been ________—first by a small smile and then by loud laughter as I magically produced her sock from out of my pocket.可知，作者作为小丑医生的职责就是逗人们开心。tease意为“戏弄”；entertain意为“使快乐；娱乐”。故选B项。
5．A　句意为：有一天，我戴上我的彩虹卷发假发和大红鼻子，走进等候区，那里有一种熟悉的无聊和紧张的气氛。根据下文中的my curly rainbow wig and big red nose可知，为了达到搞笑效果，小丑医生工作之前会戴上彩虹卷发假发和红鼻子。put on意为“穿上；戴上”；take on意为“承担；呈现”；rely on意为“信赖”。故选A项。
6．C　句意见上一题解析。根据第二段中的I stayed there feeling ________ and a little bored.可知，作者熟悉这种无聊的气氛。sacrifice意为“牺牲”；embarrassment意为“尴尬”；boredom意为“无聊”；criticism意为“批评”。故选C项。
7．A　句意为：那时，我注意到一个小女孩痛苦地哭着，她的脚踝是正常脚踝大小的两倍。根据下文中的trying their best to comfort the nervous and crying girl可知，小女孩在哭泣。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
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答案及解析
8．A　句意见上一题解析。根据语境可知，小女孩是来医院看脚踝的，她的脚踝应是肿到正常脚踝的两倍大。故选A项。
9．B　句意为：她焦急的父母不安地坐在塑料椅子上，正尽力安慰这个紧张的、正在哭泣的女孩。根据上文中的At that time I spotted a small girl ________ in pain, with her ankle was twice its ________ size.和下文中的trying their best to comfort the nervous and crying girl可知，小女孩脚踝肿得很厉害，一直在哭，她的父母此时应是感到焦虑。故选B项。
10．D　句意为：当医生集中精力检查她的脚踝时，我用一个魔术吸引了她的注意。根据语境可知，孩子脚踝出问题了，医生应给她检查脚踝。故选D项。
11．C　句意见上一题解析。根据下文中的Although she was clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look had been ________—first by a small smile and then by loud laughter as I magically produced her sock from out of my pocket.可知，作者用魔术吸引了孩子的注意。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
12．A　句意为：虽然她显然还有些疼痛，但她恐惧和焦虑的神情首先被一个微笑取代了，然后当我魔法般地从我的口袋里拿出她的袜子时，她发出了响亮的笑声。根据空后的first by a small smile and then by loud laughter可知，孩子原来的恐惧和焦虑被开心取代了。故选A项。
13．B　句意为：看到他们的女儿如此快乐，相应地，也让她的父母更放松。根据上文中的Seeing their daughter so much happier可推知，看到孩子开心，家长也会感到放松。in return意为“作为回报”；in turn意为“相应地”；in vain意为“徒劳”；in question意为“讨论中的”。故选B项。
14．D　句意为：即使在今天，当我想起那天所有的欢乐和笑声时，我仍然面带笑容。根据下文中的as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day可知，作者想到那天的欢乐和笑声时，自然也会面露笑容。故选D项。
15．C　句意为：毕竟，笑确实是最好的良药。根据文章第一段Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.和文章内容可知，小丑医生通过逗人们开心帮助孩子和家长，给他们带来了笑声，抚慰了他们紧张不安的心灵，所以，笑是灵丹妙药。此处为原词复现。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空