北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit11 Conflict And Compromise Lesson3 War Memories课件(共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
Unit 11　Conflict and Compromise
选择性必修
第四册
Lesson 3　War Memories
03
1．The government put great emphasis on the ________ (distribute) of food and medicine to the victims in the flooded areas.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
distribution
句意为：政府高度重视给洪灾地区灾民的食物和药品的分发工作。根据设空处前面的定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，设空处需填写其名词形式。故填distribution。
2．No one is allowed to enter the meeting hall without a valid _____________ (identify)．
identification
句意为：没有有效的身份证明，任何人不得进入会议大厅。根据设空处前面的不定冠词a 可知，设空处需填写其名词单数形式，作without的宾语。故填identification。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
3．The old house ___________ (temporary) worked as a shelter for the homeless of the village.
句意为：这座旧房子暂时用作村里无家可归者的收容所。设空处为副词作状语。故填temporarily。
temporarily
4．In remote towns, it is rather difficult to walk on the ________ (mud) roads for the students to and from school.
muddy
句意为：在偏远的城镇，上下学的孩子们在泥泞的路上行走非常艰难。设空处作定语，修饰后面的名词roads，应用形容词。故填muddy。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
5．The minute she was informed of the final result, she couldn’t help ________ (weep) tears of disappointment.
句意为：当她被告知最后的结果时，她禁不住流下了失望的眼泪。can’t help doing sth为固定表达，意为“禁不住做某事”。故填weeping。
weeping
6．She made a phone call to her new colleague, aiming to show her sincere ________ (greet)．
greeting(s)
句意为：她给新同事打了电话，目的是表达她真诚的问候。根据设空处前面的形容词性物主代词her可知，设空处应用名词，greeting意为“问候”时，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。故填greeting(s)。
解析
解析
7．Kids ran away and ____________________ (panic) into the tent noticing the snake lying on the campsite.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
were panicked
8．To our great comfort, Tom, together with his families, ________ (flee) from the burning house up to now.
has fled
句意为：看到趴在野营地的蛇时，孩子们赶紧跑开了，吓得躲进了帐篷。分析句子成分可知，设空处与ran并列作谓语，应使用一般过去时。panic与主语Kids之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为复数，谓语也应用复数形式。故填were panicked。
句意为：令我们非常宽慰的是，到目前为止，汤姆和他的家人都从着火的房子里逃出来了。分析句子成分并根据时间状语up to now可知，设空处需使用现在完成时。当句子主语由together with, along with, as well as, except等词或短语连接时，谓语动词的人称和数与前一名词或代词保持一致。Tom为单数，谓语也用第三人称单数形式。故填has fled。
解析
解析
9．The old lady, ________ son sacrificed his life in the war, took great pride in his bravery.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
whose
10．The living conditions in remote villages were not as bad ________ they used to be thirty years ago.
as
句意为：这位老妇人的儿子在战争中牺牲了，她为儿子的英勇感到非常自豪。根据句意并分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。故填whose。
句意为：偏僻村庄的人们的生活条件不像三十年前那么差了。 设空处引导比较状语从句，结构为as… as，第一个as在否定句中也可以用so, 第二个as为从属连词。故填as。
解析
解析
1．看！志愿者教师们正在给所有的孩子分发礼物。(distribute)
Look! The volunteer teachers ________ ________ small gifts ________ all the kids.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
1．are distributing; among/to
2．我真的受够了这个无聊的演讲！我们快进行下一个项目吧。(feed)
I ________ ________ ________ ________ this boring speech! Let’s get down to the next item.
2．am fed up with
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
3．我忽然想起我们刚才把一些重要的文件落在办公室了。(happen)
It ________ ________ ________ ________we had left some important files behind in the office.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
3．happened to me that
4．近些年来，观众们对由真实故事改编的电影越来越感兴趣。(adapt)
In recent years, audiences have expressed increasing interest in the films ________ ________ true stories.
4．adapted from
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
5．经理看起来非常焦躁，因为有很多问题亟待解决。(with的复合结构)
The manager looks rather annoyed, ________ many problems________ ________.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
5．with; to solve
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
体裁：记叙文　 题材：战争记忆
There are lots of conflicts in human history that have led to the 1________ (lose) of life.The following are three episodes of war memories.Do Chuc, a Vietnamese farmer, recalled the tough memories about the American soldiers' invasion of their village.He, as well as other villagers, was marched into the village square 2________ they were ordered to sit down.3________ (instant) the soldiers set up a machine gun, the villagers were panicked into weeping and praying.Then the shooting started and Chuc was hurt in 4________ leg.Fortunately, he was covered with a pile of bodies, 5________ (result) in his escaping from the village an hour later.The second memory came from a British soldier fighting on the frontier.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．loss　根据空前的定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，设空处需填写其名词形式。故填loss。
答案及解析
2．where　分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3．Instantly　此处引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，应用连词instantly。具有类似用法的词还有immediately和directly。故填Instantly。
4．the　“hurt＋sb＋in/on/by＋the＋表示身体部位的名词”为固定结构，意为“使某人的……部位受伤”，此处为该结构的被动形式。故填the。
5．resulting　分析句子成分可知，设空处为现在分词作结果状语。result in意为“导致(某种后果)”。故填resulting。
6________ a Christmas morning, the soldiers of both sides were 7________ tired of wars that they came to an agreement to settle down on Christmas.They climbed out of their own trench, 8________ (distribute) beers and food, and celebrated Christmas in peace.As for the 9________ (three) one, it was about a nurse related to a story about a solider who was robbed of legs in the war.He happened to be No.20 ,000 soldier to come through that hospital and thus he would be presented with an award in the ward! However, he had no 10________ (appreciate) at all and threw the award back with rage! What a ridiculous award ceremony!
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
6．On　表示具体某一天的上午或下午，应使用介词on来构成时间状语。故填On。
7．so　此处为“so＋adj./adv.＋that…”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。
8．distributed　分析句子成分可知，设空处和climbed, celebrated并列作谓语，应使用一般过去时。故填distributed。
9．third　根据语境和定冠词the的提示可知，设空处应用序数词。故填third。
10．appreciation　此处应用名词作had的宾语。故填appreciation。
体裁：记叙文　 题材：历史事件
[四川成都七中2022高二期中]The Second World War, lasting until 1945, consisted of many important battles, 1________ which Operation Overlord, also known as the D Day landings, was the most impressive one.
After the war started, Germany attacked many European countries, France 2________ (include)．To attack Germany, Allied troops from the United States, Britain and Canada took part in the Operation Overlord.They made an attempt 3________ (land) on the beaches of Normandy in France.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第二次世界大战中最令人印象深刻的战役——“霸王行动”。
　
答案及解析
1．of/among　句意为：第二次世界大战持续到1945年，包括许多重要的战役，其中“霸王行动”，也叫作诺曼底登陆，是最令人印象深刻的一次。根据句意可知，此处表示“在……中”，应用介词of或among。故填of/among。
2．included　句意为：战争开始后，德国袭击了包括法国在内的许多欧洲国家。分析句子结构可知，设空处位于被修饰词后作定语，included意为“包括在内的”。故填included。
3．to land　句意为：他们试图在法国诺曼底海滩登陆。an attempt to do sth意为“试图做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to land。
The operation was 4________ (extreme) dangerous.Many soldiers were killed 5________ they had the chance to get off the boats.The situation was so terrible that the commanders even considered giving up.But finally the operation ended as a story of bravery and acts of 6________ (hero)．
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
4．extremely　句意为：这次行动极其危险。设空处修饰形容词dangerous，应用副词。故填extremely。
5．before　句意为：许多士兵还没来得及下船就被杀了。根据句意可知，士兵应该是在下船之前被杀，应用before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
6．heroism　句意为：但最终，这次行动作为一个(彰显了)勇敢的故事和富有英雄精神的行动告终。分析句子结构可知，此处与空前的a story of bravery并列，表示“富有英雄精神的行动”，应用名词heroism，且heroism为不可数名词，故填heroism。
On June 6, 2004, survivors of the D Day landings from many different countries returned 7________ France to remember their lost comrades.Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial 8________ (lie) on a cliff.This cliff overlooks the beach and 9________ English Channel.
On the memorial, there is part of a poem called “For the Fallen”．The poem 10________ (write) by an English poet Laurence Binyon and was first published in 1914.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
7．to　句意为：2004年6月6日，诺曼底登陆的幸存者从许多不同的国家返回法国，纪念他们失去的战友。return to意为“返回”，为固定搭配。故填to。
8．lying　句意为：他们中的许多人去了位于悬崖上的墓地和纪念碑。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰the cemetery and memorial，作定语，设空处应用非谓语动词，lie与其逻辑主语the cemetery and memorial之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填lying。
9．the　句意为：这座悬崖俯瞰着海滩和英吉利海峡。English Channel为专有名词，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
10．was written　句意为：这首诗由英国诗人劳伦斯·比尼恩创作，并于1914年首次发表。分析句子结构可知，设空处与was published并列作句子的谓语，poem与动词write之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语The poem为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式；此处讲述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was written。
[江苏盐城2021高二期末]Who was Clara Barton For most people, the easy answer to that question is that she was a nurse during the Civil War.The truth is that her work during the war represents a small part of a long, extraordinary life.Barton never married and never had children.Instead of devoting herself to one family, she worked much more widely.And while she focused on the needs of humanity, she became famous at a time when women were not expected to have full lives outside their homes and families.
Barton was described as an extremely shy child.But she is remembered today as a fearless advocate for people in need.She also met powerful men—lawmakers, generals, and world leaders who became supporters in her work to help others.
When the Civil War began in 1861, Henry Wilson met Barton when they both tried to organise supplies and aid for injured soldiers arriving in the nation's capital.As the chairman of the Senate Committee on Military Affairs, Wilson knew how the government functioned and how to make things happen.Barton knew she wanted to be actively involved in helping soldiers.Working as a team, Wilson and Barton aided each other in their efforts during the war.
Major General Benjamin F．Butler met Barton during the war, too.He was the commander of the Army of the James, which fought in Virginia and North Carolina.He put Barton in charge of nursing in a mobile hospital.When he later became governor of Massachusetts, he appointed Barton in charge of the Massachusetts Reformatory Prison for Women in Sherborn.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 人物故事 368 中 7分钟
During Barton’s first visit to Europe, she met Swiss doctor Louis Appia.Appia was one of the founders of the International Committee of the Red Cross.Although Barton had not heard of the organisation, Appia was familiar with Barton’s work during the Civil War.Their meeting gave Barton the idea to establish the American Red Cross.She spent a decade persuading American leaders to support the organisation.
Today, the American Red Cross encourages people to continue to pursue the goal to which Barton devoted her life: Work together and help one another when a disaster strikes.That may be Clara Barton’s greatest legacy (遗产)．
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．From Paragraph 1, what can we conclude
A．Barton has fulfilled what no other woman can.
B．Barton devoted her personal life to a larger cause.
C．It was in the Civil War that Barton rose to fame.
D．Her family kept encouraging her to work outside.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位美国内战时期的护士巴顿的故事。她在战时救助士兵，而后关注人类需求，建立美国红十字会，对社会作出了巨大的贡献。
答案及解析
1．B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段，尤其是Instead of devoting herself to one family, she worked much more widely.And while she focused on the needs of humanity, she became famous at a time when women were not expected to have full lives outside their homes and families.可知，她的工作领域很广泛，她没有自己的小家庭，而是投身于更伟大的事业。故选B项。
2．What did Barton do during the Civil War
A．Helping the government function. B．Taking care of the wounded soldiers.
C．Establishing many mobile hospitals. D．Providing medical services in prisons.
答案及解析
2．B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的When the Civil War began in 1861, Henry Wilson met Barton when they both tried to organise supplies and aid for injured soldiers arriving in the nation's capital.可知，1861年美国内战开始时，亨利·威尔逊和巴顿试图为抵达首都的受伤士兵组织物资和援助。由此可知，巴顿在美国内战期间照顾受伤的士兵。故选B项。
3．What does the underlined words “the organisation” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The American Red Cross.
B．The Senate Committee on Military Affairs.
C．The Reformatory Prison for Women.
D．The International Committee of the Red Cross.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
3．D　词义猜测题。根据文章第五段画线词前的Appia was one of the founders of the International Committee of the Red Cross.Although Barton had not heard of可知，画线部分指代上文的the International Committee of the Red Cross。故选D项。
4．What does the passage mainly intend to do
A．To explain how wars made nations and people suffer.
B．To describe how the American Red Cross came into being.
C．To introduce the life and achievements of Clara Barton.
D．To list powerful figures and their influences on Barton.
答案及解析
4．C　推理判断题。纵观全文可知，巴顿在战时救助士兵，而后建立了美国红十字会，关心人类需求，为社会作出了重大贡献。由此可知，本文主要讲述了护士巴顿的生平和成就。故选C项。
Archaeologists (考古学家) guided by laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala have discovered 20 foot high walls, watchtowers, and other evidence that ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years.The finds have upended long established impressions of a civilisation that tamed (驯服) the jungle, built thriving cities, and then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.
Among the most surprising discoveries was a large stone complex now called La Cuernavilla.Built on a steep ridge, the heavily fortified site included high walls, watchtowers and moats (护城河)．It is the largest defensive system ever discovered in the region.
“This was surprising, ” says an archaeologist, “because we had a tendency to romanticise Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualised.But the fortifications we’re seeing now suggest an elevated level of antagonism over centuries.Rulers were so deeply alarmed that they felt the need to invest in all these hilltop fortifications.There is an almost visible sense of fear in this landscape.”
All these findings owe credit to PACUNAM LiDAR Initiative, an aerial survey (航空测量) of some 800 square miles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala.Using revolutionary laser technology, the survey revealed the long hidden ruins of a sprawling pre Columbian civilisation that was far more complex and interconnected than most Maya specialists had supposed.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 文化渊源 382 难 9分钟
Guided by the new high tech treasure maps, the LiDAR team deployed (部署) through the jungle over the past year to conduct hands on investigations of more than a dozen of the most promising sites—most of which would have been imperceptible without LiDAR.
“You could walk over the top of a major ruin and miss it, ” says an archaeologist, who’s part of the PACUNAM project.“But LiDAR picks up the patterns and makes the features pop out with surprising clarity.”
Three dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal, the largest and most extensively explored archaeological site in Guatemala.The ancient city was at least four times bigger than previously thought, and surrounded by a massive ditch and a fortified base stretching for miles.
Archaeologists stress that LiDAR, for all its usefulness, will never see below the ground or yield direct dates of occupation.“We’ll still need to dig and hack (劈) our way through the jungle, but now we have a very accurate map to guide us.”
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．How did people think of Maya before the discovery of the defence ruins
A．It was the most advanced civilisation in human history.
B．It was long under the threat of large scale wars.
C．Its rise and decline were under way peacefully.
D．It was finally destroyed by a large scale war.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】文章介绍了一项考古新发现——危地马拉北部发现了古玛雅文明的遗迹，这些新发现表明战争造成了古玛雅文明的衰落。
答案及解析
1．C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years可知，考古学家新发现的证据表明，古玛雅社会多年来一直受到战争威胁的困扰；再结合下文中的The finds have upended long established impressions of a civilisation that tamed the jungle, built thriving cities, and then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.可知，这些新发现颠覆了此前人们对古玛雅文明的印象：驯服了丛林，建立了繁荣的城市，然后衰落并悄然消失在茂密的热带森林之下。由此推断，在发现防御遗址之前，人们认为古玛雅的崛起和衰落都是很平静的。故选C项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
2．What does the underlined word “antagonism” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Misery.
B．Evolution.
C．Success.
D．Opposition.
2．D　词义猜测题。画线词所在句的前一句表明，考古学家倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，根据画线词所在句中的转折词But可知，此处应与前文考古学家的想法相反；再根据后文内容可知，统治者们觉得有必要投资修建山顶防御工事，由此可知，此处表示几个世纪以来的对抗程度有所上升，由此猜测出antagonism 在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。故选D项。
答案及解析
3．What can we know from the passage
A．The military mechanism found in La Cuernavilla was intended for occupying more lands.
B．The new high tech technology was mainly used to enlarge the original site size.
C．The LiDAR helps to avoid the traditional digging task in site exploration.
D．The Tikal site was found to be protected by certain defence works.
3．D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Three dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal以及The ancient city was… and surrounded by a massive ditch and a fortified base stretching for miles.可知，蒂卡尔遗址被一道巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围，即蒂卡尔遗址被防御工事保护着。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
4．B　主旨大意题。第一段第一句点明文章主旨：在激光图像的指导下，考古学家发现，古玛雅社会多年来一直受到战争威胁的困扰；后文详细介绍了考古学家在新科技帮助下的发现，由此可知，本文主要介绍了考古学家在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅的军事工程。故选B项。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．People’s long time misunderstanding of Maya civilisation.
B．The discovery of Maya military works aided by new exploration technology.
C．The finding of big warfare resulting in the disappearance of Maya civilisation.
D．The various advantages of new technologies in the field of archaeology.
[广东实验中学2022月考]
Beginning with Chinese efforts to explore and connect with Central Asia, the Silk Road consisted of massive small routes and was named after the silk cloth the Chinese produced.__1__ Through these routes, Chinese silk, porcelain, lacquer work and ironware were shipped to the West, while pepper, flax, spices, grape and pomegranate entered China.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
1．E　根据上文可知，丝绸之路是由中国生产的丝绸命名的，根据设空处后一句“通过这些路线，中国的丝绸、瓷器、漆器和铁器被运往西方，而辣椒、亚麻、香料、葡萄和石榴进入中国”可知，丝绸之路上被交易的物资多种多样。E项(然而，丝绸只是在这些路线上被交易的许多商品之一)承上启下，符合语境。silk是词汇复现。故选E项。
【语篇导读】本文是说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的发展历史和意义，这条贸易之路上不仅有物资交易，也有知识的传播和观念的交流。并且，现在的“一带一路”倡议又提供了一个合作交流、共同发展的平台。
答案及解析
【答案】E．However, silk was just one of many goods traded on these routes.
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 文化历史 278 中 8分钟
__2__ They promoted flow of knowledge as well.Arab astronomy, calendar and medicine found their way to China, while China's four great inventions and silkworm breeding spread to other parts of the world.__3__ For example, Buddhism originated in India, blossomed in China and was enriched in Southeast Asia.Confucianism, which was born in China, gained appreciation by European thinkers such as Leibniz and Voltaire.Herein lies the appeal of mutual learning.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
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2．B　根据空后的They promoted flow of knowledge as well.可知，丝绸之路也促进了知识交流，下文提到中国与西方的科技发明与思想文化也有了互相交流的机会。B项中的not only与空后的as well相呼应，空后的They指代B项中的The ancient silk routes，B项(古代丝绸之路不仅是为了贸易)符合语境。故选B项。
答案及解析
【答案】B．The ancient silk routes were not only for trade.
【答案】A．More importantly, ideas were also exchanged.
3．A　由空后举例的Buddhism和Confucianism可知，丝绸之路也有助于文化和思想的交流。故A项(更重要的是，还交流了观点)符合语境。
The ancient Silk Road witnessed the busy scenes of visits and trade over land and ships calling at ports.Along these major routes, capital, technology and people flowed freely.__4__ The ancient prosperous cities and ports developed, so did the Roman Empire as well as Parthia and Kushan Kingdoms.The Han and Tang Dynasties of China entered the golden age.The ancient Silk Road brought prosperity to these regions and contributed to their development.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
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4．C　空前提到丝绸之路见证了沿途各港口贸易繁忙的景象，丝绸之路沿途的主要干线上，资本、技术和人口可以自由流动；空后提到这些古代的繁华城市和港口都得以发展。结合选项可知，C项(商品、资源和利益被广泛分享)符合语境。
答案及解析
【答案】C．Goods, resources and benefits were widely shared.
Some regions along the ancient Silk Road used to be a land of milk and honey.Yet today, these places are often associated with conflict, crisis and challenge.__5__ Now, the Belt and Road Initiative intends to build an open platform of cooperation and a broad community of shared interests.It will not only achieve economic growth and balanced development, but also connect different civilisations.Mutual understanding, mutual respect, and mutual trust among different countries will be boosted.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
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5．D　空前一句说明“然而今天，这些地方往往与冲突、危机和挑战联系在一起”。D项中的Such state of affairs 指代空前一句中陈述的状况。故D项(这种状况不应被容许继续下去)符合语境。
答案及解析
【答案】D．Such state of affairs should not be allowed to continue.
A．More importantly, ideas were also exchanged.
B．The ancient silk routes were not only for trade.
C．Goods, resources and benefits were widely shared.
D．Such state of affairs should not be allowed to continue.
E．However, silk was just one of many goods traded on these routes.
F．Large empires provided stability and protection for the trade routes.
G．The Silk Road was never an actual road, or even a single massive trade route.