北师大版 选择性必修第四册 Unit11 Conflict And CompromiseTopic Talk & Lesson1 Living In a Community课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
Unit 11　Conflict and Compromise
选择性必修
第四册
Topic Talk & Lesson 1　Living in a Community
01
1．A new worldwide regulation on wildlife protection is currently under ____________ (negotiate)．
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
negotiation
句意为：目前，一项关于野生生物保护的全球性条例正在商讨之中。根据设空处前面的介词under可知，设空处应为名词作宾语。under negotiation意为“正在洽谈”。故填negotiation。
2．This kind of fruit will take about 100 days to reach ________ (mature)．
maturity
句意为：这种水果需要约100天的时间才能成熟。分析句子结构可知，设空处为名词作宾语。故填maturity。
解析
解析
3．We have received many letters of ____________ (complain) about the bad service of your company.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：我们收到了很多封关于你们公司劣质服务的投诉信。a letter of complaint意为“投诉信”，complaint在此处指“投诉”这一行为，为不可数名词。故填complaint。
4．It is rather ________ (annoy) of him to break in on a conversation.
句意为：他总是打断别人的谈话，真是太烦人了。设空处为形容词作表语，说明事物或人的具体特征或特点，此处表示“令人气恼的”。故填annoying。
complaint
annoying
解析
解析
5．The old lady is ________ (shame) of her rude behaviour in public.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
ashamed
句意为：这位老妇人为自己在公开场合的粗鲁行为感到羞愧。be ashamed of为固定表达，意为“对……感到羞愧”。故填ashamed。
6．Alan promised not ________ (come) out until he heard me return.
句意为：艾伦承诺直到听到我回来他才出来。该句中含有not… until… 结构，意为“直到……才……”。promise to do sth为固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，故用动词不定式作宾语。故填to come。
解析
解析
to come
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Thinking that you know ________ in fact you don't know is a serious mistake.
句意为： 认为自己懂了实际上并不懂的事是一个严重的错误。________ in fact you don't know是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事物”，故填what。
what
8．What upsets me most is the way ________ which he talks to his parents.
in
句意为：最让我生气的是他与父母交谈的方式。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词＋which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way。in the way为固定表达，意为“以这种方式”，设空处应用介词in。故填in。
解析
解析
9．________ (arrest) by the police, the young boy had to be separated from his family.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
Arrested
10．As a light sleeper, he couldn’t tolerate ________________ (disturb) by any noise at deep night.
being disturbed
句意为：这个小男孩被警察逮捕了，不得不离开他的家人。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，且arrest和句子主语the young boy之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用其过去分词形式。故填Arrested。
句意为：作为一个浅睡眠者，他无法忍受深夜被任何声音打扰。tolerate doing sth意为“容忍做某事”，且disturb和其主语he之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空处需使用动名词的被动式作宾语。故填being disturbed。
解析
解析
1．如果你和最好的朋友发生冲突，你会怎么办？(conflict)
What if you ________ ________ ________ ________ your best friends
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
1．come into conflict with
2．经过最近多轮谈判，我们正式决定双方必须即刻终止合同。(resolution)
After rounds of recent talks, we ________ ________ ________ ________ that we must cease the contract in no time.
2．officially reached a resolution
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
3．我们是时候采取措施来帮助那些偏远地区的孩子接受教育了。(measure)
It is high time that we ________ ________ ________ to help those kids in remote areas receive education.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
3．should take measures
4．毫无疑问，必要的时候我们应该作出妥协。(compromise)
There is no doubt that we are supposed to ________ ________ ________ when necessary.
4．make a compromise
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
5．让我苦恼的是，当我外出的时候，没有人可以照看我的宠物狗。(bother)
________ ________ ________ ________ no one can attend my pet dog when I am off.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
5．It bothers me that
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
体裁：记叙文　 题材：社会关系
Several days ago, Ma Ming, a single drummer, was forced to move out of his rented flat owing to the fact 2________ he was always making too much noise in deep nights.Besides, it was assumed that 3________ (expose) to such noise had a bad influence on the teenagers in the community.4________ (drive) mad by the noise, the neighbours turned to the community council for help, which gave Ma Ming a warning and forced him to leave as soon as possible.Ma Ming’s 5________ (depart) was really good news for his neighbours.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．definitely　设空处为副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填definitely。
2．that　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词fact的内容，且从句中不缺成分，应用连接词that。故填that。
答案及解析
3．being exposed/exposure　be exposed to sth为固定短语，意为“暴露于/接触某物”。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用动名词作主语从句的主语，也可直接用名词exposure，exposure to sth意为“暴露于某物；接触某物”。故填being exposed/exposure。
4．Driven　分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词作原因状语，且drive和句子主语the neighbours之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用其过去分词形式。故填Driven。
5．departure　分析句子结构可知，设空处被名词所有格修饰，作主语，应填写其名词形式。故填departure。
James McKay was struggling against the similar annoyance.Smith, a young man who is keen on gardening and fish collecting, lived above the McKays.6________, the water he sent over his balcony ended up falling onto his neighbour’s downstairs too often.It is not the water 7________ (it) but the way he cleaned his fish tanks that upset McKay the most.One 8________ (please) night, the old couple 9________ (enjoy) their birthday cake when a large tank of water with the smell of fish dropped downstairs.McKay was up there in an instant and hit Smith on 10________ head, causing the old man to spend his birthday in the jail.But McKay felt rather good about such an unforgettable birthday.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
6．However　根据语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，再根据空后的逗号可知，此处应使用副词however，且设空处位于句首。故填However。
7．itself　分析句子结构可知，设空处作the water的同位语，表强调，应用反身代词。故填itself。
8．pleasant/pleasing　设空处为形容词作定语，修饰名词night，表示其特征，意为“令人开心的”。故填pleasant/pleasing。
9．was/were enjoying　when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句应用过去进行时，表示“正在……时，突然……”；the old couple作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。故填was/were enjoying。
10．the　此处为“hit sb on/in the＋表示身体部位的名词”结构，表示“击打某人的……部位”。故填the。
体裁：说明文 题材：人际关系
[辽宁名校联盟2022联考]A remarkable study from 1976 gives us some insight into how and 1________ relationships with our neighbours can be so good for us.Surprisingly to scientists at that time, results 2________ (show) that contact with family members—even 3________ (one)own children—had little impact 4________ feelings of
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．why　句意为：1976年的一项杰出研究让我们对邻里关系如何以及为什么对我们如此有益有了一些见解。设空处与how并列，结合下文内容可知，此处表达“邻里关系如何以及为什么对我们如此有益”，故填why。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章通过科学研究说明了邻里间建立的友谊对人们的重要性。
答案及解析
2．showed　句意为：令当时的科学家们惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家人甚至自己的孩子接触对幸福感或意志力的影响很小。根据本句的时间状语at that time可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填showed。
3．one’s　句意见上一题解析。根据空后的own children可知，此处表示“某人自己的”，需要用名词所有格形式。故填one's。
4．on/upon　句意见第2题解析。have impact on/upon… 意为“对……有影响”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。
well being or willpower.Meanwhile, friendships, especially those with neighbours, predicted lower levels of 5________ (lonely) and worry, and higher levels of feelings of usefulness and self perceived respect within the community.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
答案及解析
5．loneliness　句意为：与此同时，友谊，尤其是与邻居的友谊，预示着(人们)在社区中有较低程度的孤独感和忧虑，和较高程度的有用感和自我尊重。设空处与and后的worry并列，作介词of的宾语，应用名词形式，故填loneliness。
The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbours 6________ (base) on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices are more 7________ (effect)at increasing well being.The neighbourhood relationships are also developed 8________ (voluntary)．Family ties, on the other hand, are often characterised by 9________ sense of responsibility, physical distance, and personal disharmony.Later studies confirm the importance of close friendships for people over 65, 10________ (highlight) the particular importance of frequent contact.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
6．based　句意为：研究表明，基于较近的距离、共同兴趣和对生活方式的选择与邻居相互熟悉并建立友谊关系更能有效地增进幸福感。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词短语作定语，设空处与被修饰名词短语acquaintance and friendship with neighbours之间构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词based。故填based。
7．effective　句意见上一题解析。系动词are后缺少表语，设空处需用形容词形式。故填effective。
8．voluntarily　句意为：邻里关系也是自愿发展的。设空处修饰谓语are developed，需用副词形式，故填voluntarily。
9．a　句意为：另一方面，家庭关系的特点往往是责任感、身体距离和个性的不和谐。a sense of responsibility意为“责任感”，为固定短语，故填a。
10．highlighting　句意为：后来的研究证实了亲密友谊对65岁以上的人的重要性，强调了频繁接触尤其重要。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，且与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处需用非谓语动词，highlight与其逻辑主语studies之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填highlighting。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 人类情绪 272 中 7分钟
The last time you got angry, did you stop and listen to what your mind was telling you
Ryan Martin, a psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay, has spent his career doing just that.“It turns out the thoughts that we have in response to the first flare (爆发) of anger are what can send us over the edge—or help us control the emotion for the good, ” Martin says.
“Despite the trouble that it can cause, anger is not actually bad for us.From an evolutionary perspective, it plays an important role in our survival，” Martin says.“It helps alert us to the fact that we've been wronged.” When your heart starts to pound and your face gets hot, that’s anger increasing your blood flow in preparation for a showdown (最后的决战)．“It’s our fight or flight response, used to energise us to deal with injustice,” he explains.
Anger only becomes a problem when we can't manage it.Managing your anger, it turns out, is all about managing your thoughts.While anger may inform us of a threat—even if it’s just to our reputation—it’s the thoughts that determine how we respond.That’s why strategies like cognitive behavioural therapy, which teach people healthier thought patterns, can be so successful.
Rather than ignore our anger, Martin wants us to see what our anger is telling us.If anger alerts us to possible injustice, for example, it’s not helpful to simply dismiss it.“What I really want is for people to have accurate thoughts, thoughts that accurately reflect what’s going on in the world around them, ” Martin says.
1．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To raise a question.
C．To make a comparison.
D．To put forward an argument.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。文章指出生气是人们面对不公正待遇时的一种正常反应，并提醒我们应合理看待愤怒传递给我们的真实信息。
答案及解析
1．A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者通过提出一个问题引出话题：我们需要注意愤怒传递给我们的信息。所以第一段的作用是引出主题。故选A项。
2．What is the positive side of anger
A．It makes us full of energy.
B．It urges us to fight with others.
C．It warns us if we are treated unjustly.
D．It helps us survive in a dangerous situation.
答案及解析
2．C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It helps alert us to the fact that we’ve been wronged.”可知，在我们被不公平对待时，愤怒可以警示我们。故选C项。
3．What can determine our action when we are threatened
A．Our anger.
B．Our thoughts.
C．Our determination.
D．Our strategies.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的While anger may inform us of a threat—even if it’s just to our reputation—it’s the thoughts that determine how we respond.可知，虽然愤怒会告知我们威胁的存在，但是我们的思想决定了我们的反应。故选B项。
答案及解析
4．According to Martin, what should we do when we are angry
A．Seek medical treatment.
B．Simply ignore the anger.
C．Focus on the world around us.
D．Notice the message anger tells us.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
4．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Martin wants us to see what our anger is telling us可知，马丁提醒我们应弄明白愤怒传达给我们的真实信息。故选D项。
答案及解析
[安徽皖江名校联盟2021高二开学考试]Mohanan, a tractor driver from Ambalavayal, a town in India's Kerala state, has been carrying a stick and an umbrella to work every day, for over a year.Not that he fears getting attacked by dogs or that he hates rain, but that he needs to defend himself against the crows (乌鸦) that always attack him whenever he approaches a bus station where he once picked up two crow hatchlings (刚出壳的雏鸟) from under his tractor and placed them on the side of the road.
The tractor driver recently said that the crows nesting in the trees around the bus station always attack him when he drives by.He said he even tried staying away from that place for over a week, but it didn't work.The crows were waiting for him when he came back.Now he just uses his umbrella and stick for protection, and throws the crows some food to distract them.“I give a share of my lunch to the crows.Once they finish eating it, they will start attacking me again, ” Mohanan laughingly said, adding that changing his clothes and trying to disguise (伪装) himself didn’t work either.
The crows’ animosity towards Mohanan has become well known among the local people, and while most find it funny, the tractor driver says the birds can be pretty unkind, so much so that a few months ago they caused severe damage to his new umbrella during an attack.
Interestingly, we heard a similar story just last month.One day, Shiva Kewat, a worker from Madhya Pradesh, claimed that he has been attacked by a group of crows for the last three years, ever since he picked up a crow chick on the street.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 人物故事 296 中 7分钟
1．Why does Mohanan always carry an umbrella with him
A．He fears to get attacked by dogs.
B．He doesn't want to get caught in the rain.
C．He would like to protect himself from the sun.
D．He wants to defend himself against crows.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】文章讲述了一位拖拉机司机和乌鸦之间发生冲突的故事。这位司机曾在他的拖拉机下面找到乌鸦的两只雏鸟并把它们放到了马路边上，却被乌鸦误以为要伤害它的雏鸟，为此乌鸦持续攻击了他一年多。
答案及解析
1．D　细节理解题。由第一段中的第二句可知，他随身携带伞并不是因为他害怕被狗袭击，也不是因为他讨厌下雨，而是他需要保护自己不受乌鸦的攻击，故选D项。
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A．Crows have a great memory.
B．The tractor driver is an unkind man.
C．The crows finally forgive the tractor driver.
D．The tractor driver has to give up his job.
答案及解析
2．A　推理判断题。由第二段可知，无论莫哈南是离开常被乌鸦攻击的那个地方一个多星期还是改变衣着进行伪装，乌鸦都能认出他，由此可推知，乌鸦的记忆力很好。故选A项。
3．What does the underlined word “animosity” probably mean
A．Fear.
B．Unkindness.
C．Curiosity.
D．Understanding.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．B　词义猜测题。由第三段可知，拖拉机司机莫哈南说，乌鸦非常不友善，甚至在一次袭击中严重损坏了他的新伞，这说明乌鸦对莫哈南有敌意，故画线词animosity在此处意为“不和善”。故选B项。
答案及解析
4．What is the author’s purpose in telling Shiva Kewat’s story
A．To warn people to be careful next time they see crows.
B．To show Mohanan is not alone in being remembered by crows.
C．To remind people to live in harmony with animals.
D．To suggest Mohanan draw a lesson from Shiva Kewat’s experience.
4．B　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，另一位叫希瓦·克瓦特的人也被乌鸦记住并受到了乌鸦的袭击，这说明莫哈南并不是唯一一个被乌鸦记住并袭击的人。故选B项。
答案及解析
[黑龙江哈尔滨三中2021高二月考]Words have great power.Death and life are in the power of the tongue.Many of us have been offended by words and know how badly words hurt.__1__ Trust me, or if you are not careful in this area, your emotions will soon be controlled by the words of the people around you.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
1．G　设空处上句指出，许多人都曾受到言语伤害，也知道这种伤害有多么严重，因此人们需要具备一些技巧去解决这种伤害。G项符合语境，并且引出下文的小标题，即解决言语伤害的具体途径。
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。现实生活中，我们常遭遇言语伤害。文章指出了言语伤害的威力之大，并向我们提供了几种处理言语伤害的具体途径。
答案及解析
【答案】G．Today I will share a few tips on how to handle the effects of negative words spoken to you.
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 介绍说明 256 中 7分钟
·__2__
If someone tells you “You are a fool”, don’t believe it in your mind.People who hurt you can never really harm you unless you allow yourself to be defined by these words.You are very valuable, so never allow yourself to feel inferior just by the words of other people.
·Turn those words into positive thoughts within you.
If there is something wrong about your actions, and others are trying to correct you, it can sometimes hurt your feelings if their words are hurtful.__3__ Think like this in your mind, “Yes, I’m wrong, but I’ll find out ways to improve.Now I have hope because I know I can change.”
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
2．D　设空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容可知，本段主要论述人们不应该让别人消极的话语定义自己，D项符合语境。
答案及解析
【答案】D．Never let negative words of others define who you are.
【答案】E．In that case change those words into positive thoughts.
3．E　根据本段小标题可知，人们应该把那些消极的话语转为积极的想法，E项中的In that case 指代设空处前句给出的具体情境，change those words into positive thoughts与小标题呼应，并引出下文的具体例子，E项符合语境。
·Respond softly.
If someone speaks in a hurtful way, take a deep breath first and try to speak softly and kindly in response.__4__ On the contrary, an angry answer is like a sword, which will bring harm instead of healing.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
4．A　根据设空处下句可知，愤怒的回答就像一把剑，只会带来伤害而不是治愈，且根据该句中的On the contrary可知，该句与设空处构成转折关系，因此设空处应提示人们回应问题要态度温和，A项符合语境。
答案及解析
【答案】A．A soft answer turns away anger.
·Be silent.
__5__ It’s none of your business.We need not respond to every personal comment from people.It's not your problem that they keep on hurting you on purpose.So simply leave it.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
答案及解析
【答案】F．If someone is purposefully hurting you for no reason, simply be silent and ignore it.
5．F　根据本段小标题和内容可知，面对故意的言语伤害的时候，人们应学会不要理会这些话语和讲话的人，F项符合语境。
A．A soft answer turns away anger.
B．Don't worry about what others say.
C．It is wise to correct others' mistake by soft words.
D．Never let negative words of others define who you are.
E．In that case change those words into positive thoughts.
F．If someone is purposefully hurting you for no reason, simply be silent and ignore it.
G．Today I will share a few tips on how to handle the effects of negative words spoken to you.