北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit12Innovation Lesson2Aha Moment课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
Unit 12　Innovation
选择性必修
第四册
Lesson 2　Aha Moment
02
1．Every learner is advised to make frequent ____________ (evaluate) of their studies in each stage.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
evaluation(s)
句意为：建议每位学习者在每个阶段都应经常对自己的学业进行评价。分析句子成分可知，设空处为名词作宾语，evaluation既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。故填evaluation(s)。
2．It is generally believed that success arises out of perspiration as well as ________ (inspire)．
inspiration
句意为：人们通常认为成功源自汗水和灵感。设空处为名词作介词宾语。故填inspiration。
解析
解析
3．All the audience gave him a burst of applause for his ________ (incredible) brilliant performance.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：所有的观众对他精彩绝伦的表演报以热烈的掌声。设空处为副词作状语，修饰形容词brilliant。 故填incredibly。
4．When she was told the satisfying result, she couldn’t help ________ (let) out a scream of excitement.
句意为：当她被告知这一令人满意的结果时，她忍不住发出激动的尖叫声。 can’t help doing sth 为固定表达，意为“忍不住做某事”。故填letting。
incredibly
letting
解析
解析
5．As far as I am concerned, no success can be made merely ________ coincidence.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
by
句意为：在我看来，成功不可能仅仅靠巧合获得。by coincidence意为“碰巧”。故填by。
6．At the sight of the old pictures, my memories flashed back to my college life all of ________ sudden.
a
句意为：一看到这些老照片，我的记忆突然闪回到我的大学生活。all of a sudden为固定短语，意为“突然”。故填a。
解析
解析
7．It ________ (occur) to me that I had left my books behind!
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
occurred
句意为：我忽然想起来我忘记带走我的书了！It occurs/occurred to sb that… 为固定句式，意为“某人突然想起……”，其中It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。根据从句的时态为过去完成时可知，设空处应为发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填occurred。
8．To make matters worse, little actual progress ___________________ (make) by the end of last month.
had been made
句意为：更糟糕的是，截至上个月末，没有取得多少实质性进展。根据句子成分分析，设空处为谓语；再根据时间状语by the end of last month可知，设空处应使用过去完成时，且progress和make之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填had been made。
解析
解析
9．________ (bury) himself in botanical studies for many years, he finally made it.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
Burying
10．The boy was bathing in the river ________ a crocodile attacked him.
when
句意为：专注于植物学研究很多年，最后他的努力获得了回报。bury oneself in sth/doing sth为固定表达，意为“专注于/投身于(做)某事”。设空处为非谓语作状语，且bury和句子主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用其现在分词形式。故填Burying。
句意为：那个男孩正在河里洗澡，这时一条鳄鱼突然袭击了他。考查“be doing… when…”结构，表示“正在做……时，突然……”。故填when。
解析
解析
体裁：说明文 题材：职场生活
[浙江A9协作体2021高二期中联考]Have you ever received negative feedback from your boss or colleagues in the workplace Kim, who works as a software engineer for Samsung after graduation from college, is familiar 1________ getting negative feedback from the boss.2________ (wonder) whether it really improves work performance, he conducts two studies and finds that negative feedback could either improve or prevent creativity.3________ is the most important is where the criticism comes from.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．with　be familiar with… 为固定表达，意为“对……熟悉”。故填with。
2．Wondering　根据句子成分分析，句中已有谓语动词，与设空处无连词连接，wonder和句子主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用其现在分词形式，作状语。故填Wondering。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一位职场员工通过研究发现，职员在职场中收到的负面评价可能会提升或降低工作表现，这主要取决于此负面评价的来源。
答案及解析
3．What　根据句子成分分析，设空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”。故填What。
When creative professionals or participants receive criticism from a boss or peers, they tend 4________ (become) less creative in their later work.5________ (interesting), if a person receives negative feedback from an employee of a lower rank, they 6________ (be) more creative.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
4．to become　tend to do sth为固定表达，意为“易于做某事”。设空处为不定式作宾语。故填to become。
5．Interestingly　设空处为副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Interestingly。
6．will be　根据句子成分分析，设空处在主句中作谓语；再根据“主将从现”原则，if引导的条件状语从句为一般现在时，设空处应使用一般将来时。故填will be。
It makes sense that employees might feel threatened by criticism from their managers, 7________ might cause career anxiety.8________ also stands to reason that feedback from a co worker might also 9________ (receive) as threatening, for we often compete with our peers for the same 10________ (promote) and chances.As for the criticism from the followers or employees, most supervisors tend to deal with the discomfort of negative feedback better as well as reflecting on their management in time.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
7．which　根据句子成分分析，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代that引导的主语从句，故使用关系代词which引导该从句。
8．It　it stands to reason (that)… 意为“……是合乎情理的”，it在句中作形式主语，that 引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填It。
9．be received　此处与从句主语中心词feedback之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且空前有情态动词might，故填be received。
10．promotion(s)　根据设空处前面的the可知，设空处需用名词形式，promotion意为“提升；晋升”时既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。故填promotion(s)。
[四川绵阳2021月考]
Inventions That Changed the World
The medieval era was not short of groundbreaking ideas.We’ll explore here important scientific leaps and popular new products invented in this era, some of which remain important to this day.
The Printing Press
Date：The 11th—15th century
Use：Publishing
Well before Johannes Gutenberg brought the idea of mass production of printed text to Europe with his Gutenberg Bible, the moveable type printing press was already in use in China.Before this, in Europe, books were handwritten to be copied.Around 1440, Gutenberg applied similar technology to mass produce books for the general public.Freeing up access to knowledge in a cheap and efficient way was a game changer.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 重大发明 311 易 6分钟
Coffee
Date：The 15th century
Use：Drink
The exact origin of coffee bean cultivation is greatly disputed, but we can say with some confidence that by the 15th century coffee beans had been grown and roasted for the production of coffee in the Yemeni region of Arabia.From there the production of coffee spread to Egypt and eventually to Europe.First it took root in the Near East where the stimulating drink became a popular alternative to alcohol.The secondary offshoot of coffee drinking became the spread of coffee houses where people would meet to play games like chess as well as discussing politics, smoking and listening to music.
Gunpowder
Date：The 9th century
Use：Entertainment, firearms
The black powder was an incredibly important milestone for humanity.This relatively simple explosive mixture might be best known for its use in weapons and fireworks, but it also offered new means of mining for resources, which was a massive time saving and energy saving innovation.The formula originated in China where the mixture was first used for setting fires.The impact of this technology on the world of weaponry is well known to us now.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What do the printing press and gunpowder have in common
A．They have similar uses. B．They were related to China.
C．They appeared at the same period. D．They were time saving innovations.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种改变世界的发明——印刷机、咖啡和火药，包括其起源、用途等信息。
答案及解析
1．B　 细节理解题。根据The Printing Press部分中的Well before… the moveable type printing press was already in use in China.以及Gunpowder部分中的The formula originated in China where the mixture was first used for setting fires.可知，印刷机和火药的共同之处在于它们都与中国有关。故选B项。
2．What was the biggest impact of the printing press according to the passage
A．It produced books in Europe. B．It freed up lots of human labour.
C．It changed the game of printing. D．It made knowledge affordably accessible.
答案及解析
2．D　 细节理解题。根据The Printing Press部分中的Around 1440, Gutenberg applied similar technology to mass produce books for the general public. Freeing up access to knowledge in a cheap and efficient way was a game changer.可知，印刷机最大的影响是使人们可以用一种便宜和有效率的方式获取知识。故选D项。
3．What did people in the Near East think of coffee
A．A substitute for alcohol.
B．A means of mining for resources.
C．A time saving innovation.
D．An important milestone for humanity.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．A　 细节理解题。根据Coffee部分中的First it took root in the Near East where the stimulating drink became a popular alternative to alcohol.可知，近东的人们认为咖啡是酒精的一种替代品。故选A项。
答案及解析
[广东东莞2022高二期末]Robots can be programmed to move a car and even perform some operations.However, when it comes to picking up something that they have not touched before, such as an egg, they often fail.Now, engineers have invented an artificial fingertip (指尖) which overcomes that limitation.It enables machines to sense objects as a human fingertip does.
Engineers have been working hard to make robots flexible and sensitive.When researchers from a university began designing an artificial fingertip in 2009, they used human skin as a guide.Their first fingertip was about the size of a Coke can.By 2018, 3D printing made it about the size of an adult's big toe, with the multi layered structure like human skin.The latest breakthrough is called TacTip.Scientists include artificial nerve networks into the fingertip, which enables a robot to quickly process what it's sensing and react accordingly like a real finger.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 科学技术 290 中 7分钟
“A lot of our sense of touch is decided by our skin, ” says Professor Benjamin, leader of the research team.In our fingertips, nerve endings will deform when the skin touches an object and then sends the signals to the brain about what’s happening.Similarly, the nerve networks of TacTip pick up and translate those signals into the fingertip’s actions, telling robots to handle objects of all shapes and sizes without programming, according to Benjamin.
Some scientists doubt whether TacTip is only just skin like.The signals from the artificial and human fingertips are not quite the same, as the signals in real skin are more intense.Other scientists think highly of this breakthrough.“At least it helps clarify how human touch works and is a necessary step to improve robotic touch, ” says Professor Smith, a material scientist.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
说明文 科学技术 290 中 7分钟
1．Why does the writer mention “an egg” in Paragraph 1
A．To find a solution for engineers.
B．To show robots have limitations.
C．To tell how robots sense objects.
D．To explain why robots often fail.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家打造出能让机器人拥有近乎人类触感的人工指尖。
答案及解析
1．B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的However, when it comes to picking up something that they have not touched before, such as an egg, they often fail.可知，作者提到鸡蛋是为了举例说明机器人无法将之前没有触碰过的东西拿起，这属于机器人的局限。故选B项。
2．Which of the following plays the most important role in the latest breakthrough
A．Artificial nerve networks.
B．3D printing.
C．Multi layered structure.
D．Human skin.
答案及解析
2．A　细节理解题。由文章第二段中的The latest breakthrough is called TacTip.Scientists include artificial nerve networks into the fingertip… 可知，最新的突破是科学家将人工神经网络植入指尖。故选A项。
3．What does the underlined word “deform” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Develop.
B．Stop working.
C．Decrease.
D．Change shapes.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．D　词义猜测题。由画线词后面的when the skin touches an object and then sends the signals to the brain about whats happening可知，当我们的皮肤一接触物体，就会有信号传到大脑；再根据下文中的Similarly可知，TacTip的神经网络系统与人的皮肤神经作用原理类似，这种人工神经网络系统会通过信号将所触碰物品的形状、大小都传递给机器人。由此可推知，画线处所在句应该是表示人类指尖的神经末梢在触摸到物品之后，发生“变形”，将相关的信号传递给大脑。deform是“(使)变形”的意思，故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
答案及解析
4．C　主旨大意题。由文章第一段中的Now, engineers have invented an artificial fingertip which overcomes that limitation.It enables machines to sense objects as a human fingertip does.并结合下文可知，文章主要讲科学家通过研究发明，使机器人拥有近乎人类触感的人工指尖。所以C项(人工指尖使机器人拥有人类般的触感)最适合做本文的标题。故选C项。
4．Which is the best title for the text
A．TacTip Changes How Touch Works in Humans
B．Robots Have Become More Flexible and Sensitive
C．Artificial Fingertips Allow Robots Human Like Touch
D．Engineers Have Achieved a Breakthrough in 3D Printing
[山东师大附中2022高二开学考试]On a freezing January evening, Ashley Austrew sat in her car in an Omaha parking lot.She was working up the __1__ to go into a comedy improv (即兴表演) class.For 20 minutes, the 33 year old journalist and mum of two sat with thoughts of __2__： “I can’t do this.I’ll be the worst one.” Then she turned off the engine, took a few deep breaths, and went __3__．
For Austrew, __4__ improv was the first small step to improve her self esteem.She lacked confidence and didn't have the courage to try anything __5__．So she made a list of all the things she was afraid to __6__ and then asked herself, “What if I didn’t let my excuses win？” Improv was her biggest __7__．
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 人物故事 253 中 13分钟
1．A.courage B．project
C．preparation D．solution
2．A.self esteem B．self confidence
C．self doubt D．self reflection
3．A.inside B．ahead
C．home D．out
4．A.acting B．trying
C．building D．getting
5．A.important B．different
C．special D．new
6．A.abandon B．attempt
C．absorb D．account
7．A.promise B．guarantee
C．surprise D．target
Her fear __8__ as soon as she walked into the class.Her classmates were also __9__， and she discovered that she was __10__ capable of earning a few laughs and making new friends.Over the next two years, Austrew went on to deal with other what ifs, including writing a book.“Self esteem is like a muscle—you have to __11__ it constantly, ” she says.
Some people are __12__ with the seemingly unshakable positivity, but most of us need to learn how to __13__ ourselves up by our own hands.Thankfully, like Austrew, we can learn to feel __14__ about ourselves and __15__ our feelings of hope.　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
8．A.dissolved B．arose
C．appeared D．changed
9．A.helpers B．strangers
C．supporters D．beginners
10．A.barely B．perfectly
C．slightly D．widely
11．A.work B．break
C．catch D．take
12．A.connected B．burdened
C．blessed D．bored
13．A.bring B．put
C．pick D．cheer
14．A.better B．simpler
C．smaller D．smarter
15．A.forget B．strengthen
C．spread D．hide
答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述主人公奥斯特鲁不断尝试新事物并找到自我价值的故事，启发我们要学会拥有更好的自我感觉，增强我们的希望感。
1．A　根据下文took a few deep breaths可知，奥斯特鲁很紧张，所以此处指她正鼓起勇气去上即兴表演课。故选A项。
2．C　根据空后内容可知，她觉得自己做不到这件事，认为自己是最糟糕的，所以她是在自我怀疑。故选C项。
3．A　根据第一段第二句可知，此处指奥斯特鲁在调整好紧张的情绪后走进了即兴表演教室。故选A项。
4．B　根据第一段描写奥斯特鲁鼓起勇气准备上即兴表演课的细节可推知，此处指她尝试即兴表演。同时根据下文的提示词try也可推测此处指尝试即兴表演。故选B项。
5．D　根据下文的she was afraid to ________可知，奥斯特鲁没有勇气尝试新的事物。故选D项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
6．B　根据上下文可知，此处应该是指她将所有她不敢尝试的事情列了一个清单。故选B项。
7．D　根据上下文可知，即兴表演在奥斯特鲁所列的清单中，并且是她最大的一个目标。故选D项。
8．A　根据下文可知，奥斯特鲁表演得还不错，由此可推知，此处指她一走进教室，恐惧就消失了。故选A项。
9．D　根据设空处前的also一词可推知，其他同学和她一样也是第一次走进即兴表演教室，即他们都是初学者。故选D项。
10．B　根据上文可知，当奥斯特鲁发现她的同学们都是初学者时，她找到了自信，觉得自己完全有能力把大家逗笑并结交新朋友。故选B项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
11．A　根据上文中的Self esteem is like a muscle可知，此处指自尊就像肌肉一样——你必须得经常锻炼它。work意为“使(身体肌肉或某部位)活动起来”，符合语境。故选A项。
12．C　be blessed with… 为固定短语，意为“被赋予……”，此处指有些人被赋予了看似不可动摇的积极性。故选C项。
13．D　cheer oneself up为固定短语，意为“使某人振作起来”，此处指我们大多数人需要学习如何让自己振作起来。故选D项。
14．A　根据上下文可知，奥斯特鲁不断尝试新事物并提高她的自尊心，所以此处指我们可以像她一样，学着拥有更好的自我感觉。故选A项。
15．B　根据下文提示our feelings of hope可知，此处指增强我们的希望感。故选B项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空