北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit12 Innovation Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
Unit 12　Innovation
选择性必修
第四册
Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2
04
1．The wide ________ (available) of mobile phones largely shortens the distance between people.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
availability
句意为：手机的可广泛利用性极大地缩短了人们之间的距离。根据设空处前面的定冠词The和空后的介词of可知，设空处需填写名词作主语。故填availability。
2．The mother ___________ (specific) cautioned her kid not to go near the water.
specifically　
句意为：这位母亲明确告诫她的孩子不要靠近水边。设空处作状语，修饰动词cautioned，应用副词。故填specifically。
解析
解析
3．We expect to see further ______________ (improve) in your work in the coming year.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：我们期待看到你明年在工作上有进一步的改善。设空处为名词作宾语，improvement意为“改善”时，既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。故填improvement(s)。
4．The villagers were sound asleep when a sudden ________ (explode) woke them up.
句意为：村民们睡得正沉，忽然一阵爆炸声惊醒了他们。设空处前有a和形容词sudden修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填explosion。
improvement(s)
explosion
解析
解析
5．They are experimenting ________ different kinds of vaccines.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：他们正在试验不同种类的疫苗。experiment with/on… 为固定搭配，意为“用……做试验；试用……”。故填with/on。
6．Amazingly, all the figures have been sorted clearly ________ seconds.
in/within
句意为：令人惊讶的是，所有数据立刻被清楚地分类。in/within seconds为固定表达，意为“立刻”。故填in/within。
解析
解析
with/on
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Please take some time to reflect ________ what you do during the whole day.
句意为：请花点时间来反思一下你一整天的所作所为。reflect on/upon为固定表达，意为“反思，反省”。故填on/upon。
on/upon
8．Ancient China was the first country___________ (navigate) the ships with highly developed compasses in the world.
to navigate
句意为：古代中国是世界上第一个使用非常先进的指南针为船只导航的国家。根据句子成分划分，设空处为非谓语作后置定语，修饰名词country。当名词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语。故填to navigate。
解析
解析
9．It was not until the deep night ________ he worked out the final plan of his programme.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
that
10．Varieties of inventions came into people’s life, some of ________ even changed the way we live completely.
which
句意为：直到深夜，他才制订出项目的终极方案。根据句子成分划分，本句使用了强调句型结构，且强调部分为时间状语，故填that。
句意为：各种发明进入人们的生活，有些甚至彻底改变了我们的生活方式。根据句子成分划分，some of ________引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词inventions，先行词为物，故介词of后面的关系代词用which。
解析
解析
1．好的想法与突然的灵感有关是很常见的。(associated)
It is common to see that great ideas ________ ________ ________ sudden inspirations.
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
1．are associated with
2．近年来，外科技术正在稳步完善。(rate)
Surgical techniques are being refined ________ ________ ________ ________ these years.
2．at a steady rate
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
3．我报名参加这个俱乐部是为了学习更多实用的户外生存技能。(purpose)
I signed up for the club ________ ________ ________ ________ learning more practical outdoor survival skills.
刷单句表达
3．with the purpose of
4．如今，绿色能源，如风能、水能、太阳能等，被人类广泛使用。(available)
At present, green energy sources, like wind power, water power and solar energy, ________ ________ ________ ________ human beings.
4．are widely available to
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
5．如果电梯之前没有被发明出来，如今现代城市的设计将会大不相同。(虚拟语气)
If elevators ________ ________ ________ ________ before, the design of modern cities ________ ________ rather different now.
刷单句表达
5．had not been invented; would be
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
[河北石家庄二中2022月考]Jack Andraka was 15 when he came up with an idea for a new way to test for pancreatic (胰腺的) cancer.When Andraka was 14, a family friend died of the disease, and this affected him deeply.This kind of cancer is particularly serious because there is no test you can have done to find it in the early stages.By the time standard tests determine you have the disease, it is often too late.Realising that this was the case, Andraka decided to try to develop a test that might identify the problem in the earliest stages.
The road ahead looked difficult for Andraka.He was still a high school student, and he wanted to create something that no one else had done.Andraka read endlessly about the disease, wrote a proposal for his idea, and sent it out to 200 cancer researchers.Only one professor, Dr Anirban Maitra, responded positively.Dr Maitra agreed to work with Andraka on his idea, giving him guidance and access to a laboratory.
The next big reward for Andraka’s perseverance was winning the grand prize at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair.This great award is given to young innovators who have developed a world changing idea.Developing the test is likely to take many years, but Andraka hopes the test will eventually improve and even save people’s lives.
Jack Andraka is not alone as a young innovator.After all, there were 1 ,499 other contestants for the Intel award, and all of them had groundbreaking ideas.For Andraka, having a family that loves science and encourages creative thinking gave him an advantage.But the key to Andraka’s success is that reading, research, and discovery are just plain fun, and the chance to improve the world around him in the process makes it even better.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 人物故事 311 中 7分钟
刷阅读理解
1．Why did Andraka decide to develop a test for pancreatic cancer
A．His friend's encouragement.
B．An upsetting experience.
C．His extensive reading.
D．An important test.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了杰克·安德拉卡想出了一种胰腺癌的检测方法，并在英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛上赢得大奖。
答案及解析
1．B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，安德拉卡家的一个家族友人死于胰腺癌，这对他影响很大。这种癌症在早期没有任何测试可以发现它，于是他决定尝试开发一种可以在最早期发现这种疾病的测试。因此安德拉卡发现胰腺癌的检测方法是源于一次令人苦恼的经历。故选B项。
刷阅读理解
2．What difficulty did Andraka face at the beginning of his research
A．Lack of positive replies from experts.
B．Heavy pressure from his schoolwork.
C．Little access to research equipment.
D．A great need for money to develop a test.
答案及解析
2．A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，安德拉卡不停地阅读有关这种疾病的资料，做出了一份提案，并把它发给了200名癌症研究人员。只有一位教授阿尼尔班·迈特拉作出了积极回应，为他提供指导。因此安德拉卡在开始研究时遇到的困难是缺少专家的积极回复。故选A项。
3．Which of the following leads to Andraka’s winning an award
A．The competition with other contestants.
B．Dr Maitra's guidance.
C．The support from his family.
D．His passion for discovery.
3．D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知， 安德拉卡在英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛上赢得大奖，这是对他坚持不懈的一大回报，因此是他对发现的热爱使他获奖。故选D项。
答案及解析
答案及解析
4．B　推理判断题。根据整篇文章，尤其是最后一段可知，对安德拉卡来说，阅读、研究和发现只是他的乐趣，而在这个过程中他通过自己的努力来改善周围世界，使得乐趣锦上添花。由此可推知，他的故事告诉我们，努力是成功之道。故选B项。
4．What can we learn from Andraka’s story
A．Practice makes perfect. B．Hard work leads to success.
C．One good turn deserves another. D．Failure is the mother of success.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷阅读理解
[北京2022]Quantum (量子) computers have been on my mind a lot lately.A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans.I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum computing experts.One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest.The other is physicist Philip Taylor.
For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity.Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones.According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype (炒作) that annoys Johnson.He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep.“What’s new, ” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.”
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
议论文 科学技术 401 难 8分钟
As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential.If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns.Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement.But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn't be able to understand.” And that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it.He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co founded in 2016.Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin (幅度)” to building a “useful” quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.” He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”
Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims I don’t know.I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers.But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．Regarding Johnson’s concerns, the author feels ________.
A．sympathetic
B．unconcerned
C．doubtful
D．excited
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了“量子计算真的会像宣传的那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯·约翰逊和物理学家菲利普·泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。
答案及解析
1．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work's potential.If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns.和最后一段中的But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.可知，关于约翰逊的担忧，作者是赞同的。sympathetic意为“同情的；赞同的”；unconcerned意为“不关心的”；doubtful意为“怀疑的”；excited意为“激动的”。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
2．What leads to Taylor’s optimism about quantum computing
A．His dominance in physics.
B．The competition in the field.
C．His confidence in PyQuantum.
D．The investment of tech companies.
答案及解析
2．C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.和倒数第二段内容可知，泰勒对量子计算的乐观源于他对PyQuantum公司的信心。故选C项。
3．What does the underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Open. B．Cool. C．Useful. D．Resistant.
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．A　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn't be able to understand.”可知，因为“量子”代表一种人们无法理解的很酷的事物，所以它特别容易被炒作。故prone意为“易于……的”。open意为“开放的；易受损害的”；cool意为“酷的”；useful意为“有用的”；resistant意为“有抵抗力的”。故选A项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
4．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor
B．Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology
C．Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being
D．Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype
4．D　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones.According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype that annoys Johnson.以及最后一段内容可知，本文主要论述了“量子计算真的会像宣传的那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯·约翰逊和物理学家菲利普·泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
体 裁 题 材 词 数 难 度 建议用时
记叙文 人物故事 256 中 12分钟
1．A.astronaut B．pilot
C．engineer D．guide
2．A.eager B．responsible
C．concerned D．grateful
3．A.actually B．hardly
C．precisely D．repeatedly
4．A.innocence B．kindness
C．perseverance D．sympathy
[福建福州八校2022高二期末联考]For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career in NASA may seem impossible.Trujillo, however, is an aerospace __1__ who leads a team in the NASA laboratory __2__ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器)．
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to __3__ exploring it That's a tale of __4__ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was __5__ of her passion for science.But she doubted how far she'd be able to __6__ in a male dominated field.Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.Only 17 at the time, she __7__ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping __8__ to put herself through Miami Dade College.Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her __9__．But she didn’t __10__．“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
　　　　
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
5．A.certain B．tolerant
C．afraid D．fond
6．A.respond B．rise
C．invest D．apply
7．A.made up B．turned up
C．picked up D．took up
8．A.measures B．activities
C．jobs D．courses
9．A.studies B．purchases
C．recreations D．trips
10．A.skip B．panic
C．reform D．complain
Then came another life changing moment.She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be __11__ to the NASA Academy.Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
In February, 2021, when the Perseverance rover __12__ on the surface of Mars, it was __13__ by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first ever Spanish language __14__．
Trujillo’s own story is __15__ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
11．A.applied B．admitted
C．assigned D．introduced
12．A.originated B．sank
C．landed D．waited
13．A.accompanied B．restricted
C．enhanced D．teased
14．A.theory B．broadcast
C．criticism D．performance
15．A.enterprise B．information
C．competence D．proof
答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了特鲁希略靠着自己的努力和毅力一步步成为美国国家航空航天局的工程师的故事。
1．C　根据倒数第三段中的she became an engineer可知，她成为美国国家航空航天局的工程师，所以此处指她是航天工程师。故选C项。
2．B　根据语境可知，此处表示的是特鲁希略带领的团队的职责。故选B项。
3．A　设空处对应上文中的dreaming about，此处指“从梦想变成了现实”，在现实中真正地探索宇宙。故选A项。
4．C　根据文章开头可知，对一个女孩来说，要进入美国国家航空航天局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了；通读文章可知，她的成长经历是一个有关毅力的故事。innocence 意为“无辜；无罪”；perseverance 意为 “毅力”。 故选C项。
5．A　根据上文可知，她一直梦想着探索宇宙；结合此句中的even可知，此处表达甚至她在很小的时候就确定了对科学的热爱。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
6．B　根据设空处后的in a male dominated field及上下文可知，此处表达在这样一个男性主导的领域里，特鲁希略不知道自己能走多远，地位能提高多少。respond 意为“回应”； rise意为“地位提高；上升”；invest意为“投资；投入”。故选B项。
7．D　设空处上文提到爸爸提议送她去迈阿密，通过下文可知她接受了这个提议，去迈阿密达德学院就读。take up意为“接受(建议或主意)”。故选D项。
8．C　根据下文可知，此处指她给别人做家务活来挣钱让自己完成学业。故选C项。
9．A　句意为：有时她打扫浴室(赚钱)以帮助她完成学业。one’s studies意为“某人的学业”。故选A项。
10．D　上文提到为了完成学业，她帮别人做家务、打扫浴室；根据本句中的But以及空后内容可知，她把遇到的一切都当作机会。因此设空处指尽管她完成学业不易，但是她并不抱怨。故选D项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
11．B　根据上文可知，又一个改变人生的时刻到来，她被美国国家航空航天局学院录取。be admitted to… 为固定表达，意为“被……录取”，符合语境。故选B项。
12．C　句意为：2021年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国国家航空航天局同时广播了特鲁希略的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。originate意为“起源”；sink 意为“下沉”；land意为“降落；着陆”；wait意为“等待”。故选C项。
13．A　根据上下文可知，设空处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时伴随着广播中特鲁希略的西班牙语解说。accompany意为“伴随”。故选A项。
14．B　句意见第12题解析。根据语境可知，此处指美国国家航空航天局的首次西班牙语播报。broadcast 意为“广播节目”；criticism意为“批评，批判”。故选B项。
15．D　根据语境可知，此处表示她的故事证明了越过障碍，就会有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星辰的人。proof 意为“证明”。故选D项。
Part Ⅱ 　拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空