外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册 Unit 1 Looking forwards Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar课件（58张PPT）

(共58张PPT)
Unit 1　Looking forwards
选择性必修
第四册
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
01
1．As an ________ (ambition) leader, he wants to guide the locals to lead a happy life.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
ambitious
句意为：作为一位雄心勃勃的领导者，他想带领当地人过上幸福的生活。设空处修饰名词leader，作定语，应该填形容词。故填ambitious。
2．All ___________ will receive a certificate of ___________ in the contest. (participate)
participants
句意为：所有参赛者都将获得参赛证书。根据语境可知，第一个设空处表示“参赛者”，且有All修饰，故填participants；第二个设空处在介词of后面作宾语，表示“参加”，应填名词，故填participation。
解析
解析
participation
3．After graduating from university, he had tried several different jobs before ________ (ultimate) settling down on this one.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：大学毕业之后，他尝试了几份不同的工作，最终专心于做这份工作。设空处修饰动名词短语settling down，应用副词。故填ultimately。
4．I consider the CEO a ________ (qualify) leader, as he can always make wise choices.
句意为：我认为这位总裁是一位合格的领导者，因为他总是可以作出明智的选择。设空处修饰名词leader，且其前有不定冠词a修饰，应该填形容词，作定语。故填qualified。
ultimately
qualified
解析
解析
5．The boy stood out among all the candidates for his great ________ (fluent) in English.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
fluency
句意为：这个男孩因其流利的英语而在所有候选人中脱颖而出。设空处在介词for后作宾语，且其前有形容词great，应填名词。故填fluency。
6．I’m always convinced that taking ________ (act) is more important than making plans.
action
句意为：我总是相信采取行动比制订计划更重要。take action为固定搭配，意为“采取行动”，注意此处action表示“行动”，为不可数名词，不用复数形式。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．More and more people go jogging in the morning, whose benefits for health arise ________ the air rich in oxygen.
句意为：越来越多的人在早上慢跑，因为空气中富含氧气，对健康有益。arise from意为“由……引起，由……产生”。
from
8．Stress is something that most of us face ________ a daily basis—be it at work or at home.
on
句意为：压力是我们大多数人每天都要面对的事情——不管是在工作中还是在家里。on a daily basis为固定搭配，意为“每天”。
解析
解析
9．I applied for a job at a big company, but was turned ________ for lack of experience.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
down
10．I __________ (force) to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
was forced
句意为：我申请了一家大公司的一个职位，但因为没有经验被拒绝了。turn down为固定搭配，意为“拒绝”。故填down。
句意为：最后一班公共汽车已经开走，所以我只好乘坐出租车。force sb to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“迫使某人做某事”，主语I和force之间是被动关系，而且根据后面的had left可知，设空处应填一般过去时的被动形式。故填was forced。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
11．The witness said the car __________ (go) at more than 80 km per hour when it crashed.
句意为：目击者说，这辆汽车发生碰撞时，其时速超过每小时80千米。根据时间状语从句when it crashed可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在发生的动作，即汽车发生碰撞是在行驶的过程中，故用过去进行时。故填was going。
was going
12．In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro.[全国甲2022·改编]
has walked
句意为：在过去的五年里，曹晟康已经步行穿越6个大洲的34个国家，2016年他登上了乞力马扎罗山的山顶。根据时间状语In the last five years并结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为Cao，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has walked。
解析
解析
1．面对危险她表现出了巨大的勇气。(名词face)
She showed great courage ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
2．不提前做计划的学生，也许会为了给自己时间下决心而去推迟上大学的时间，或去学习额外的课程。(mind)
Students who do not plan ahead may ________ ________ starting college or take extra courses to give themselves time ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
put off
in the face of danger　
to make up their minds　
3．学习历史可以让我们深入了解过去是如何将我们的文化塑造成我们如今所知的模样的。
Studying history can give us ________ ________ how the past has shaped our culture into what we know now.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
4．既然你已经接受了这份工作，你就别无选择，只能把它做好，不管它有多困难。
Since you have accepted the job, you ________ ________ _____________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, however difficult it is.
insights into
have no choice/alternative/option but
to do it well
5．半夜，他们通知我，我已被理想的大学录取了。(admit)
It was the middle of the night when they informed that ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ___________ ___________.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
I had been admitted
to/into my ideal/dream university　
体裁：记叙文　 题材：人物故事
When it comes to 1________ (face) the future, there is no guarantee that plans in advance for the future will become reality. Here are two authors who are 2________ (fortunate) than others.
Ernest Hemingway is 3________ giant of modern literature. He was born in the US in 1899. He was ambitious for writing from his boyhood. From a trainee reporter to a writer, he wrote many novels and short stories 4________ (base) on his personal experiences, among 5________ The Old Man and the Sea stood out. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953, and 6________ (award) the Nobel Prize in Literature later.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．facing When it comes to… 为固定句型，意为“当提到……”，to是介词，后加动名词作宾语。
答案及解析
2．more fortunate　根据空后的than可知，此处应用比较级more fortunate，表示“更幸运的”。
3．a　此处泛指“一位现代文学巨匠”，且giant的发音以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。
5．which　among ________ The Old Man and the Sea stood out为非限制性定语从句；先行词many novels and short stories为物，设空处应填关系代词，在从句中作among的宾语，故填which。
4．based　be based on为固定搭配，意为“根据；基于”，此处在句中作后置定语，用非谓语形式。
6．was awarded　 设空处和won并列，作谓语，He与award之间为被动关系，故填一般过去时的被动语态was awarded。be awarded… 意为“被授予……”。
By contrast, another author Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, first worked as a doctor. But he had a passion 7________ writing historical novels. Interestingly, he began to write his fictional detective stories when waiting for 8________ (patient) in his medical practice. His stories of Sherlock Holmes 9________ (entertain) readers for well over a century.
In fact, the two authors’ future didn’t 10________ (necessary) turn out exactly as they had planned. Therefore, taking a leaf out of their books, you can be prepared for the unexpected future.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
7．for　 have a passion for… 为固定搭配，意为 “酷爱……”。
8．patients　 设空处在动词短语waiting for后作宾语；patient是可数名词，泛指病人，故用其复数形式。
9．have been entertaining/have entertained　 根据语境并结合常识判断，此处表示“娱乐读者”这一动作延续了超过一个世纪，并有可能继续进行下去，故用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。
10．necessarily　 not necessarily意为“不一定；未必”。
体裁：说明文 题材：学校生活
[浙江“9＋1高中联盟”2021高二期中]A gap year which means taking a year off before college, is not a new concept, but now the focus is on 1________ (make) the most of this break from the academic life. Long gone 2________ (be) the days of just hanging out on a beach or backpacking round the world. While that is still a choice, a gap year is now more about gaining skills that will help you in 3________ (late) life.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．making　句意为：间隔年意味着上大学前休假一年，这并不是一个新概念，但现在人们关注的重点是要充分利用从学术生活中脱离出来的这段时间。根据设空处前的介词on可知，此处应用动名词形式作介词宾语。故填making。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多学生选择间隔年的原因和意义——积累对未来生活有帮助的技能和经验。
答案及解析
2．are　句意为：仅仅在沙滩上闲逛或者背包环游世界的日子早已一去不复返了。根据句意可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；本句为倒装句，主语为复数名词days，故填are。
3．later　句意为：虽然这仍然是一个选择，但现在的间隔年更多是为了(使你)获得对你以后的生活有帮助的技能。根据句意可知，此处应用later作定语，修饰名词life，意为“以后的”，in later life意为“在以后的生活中”。故填later。
Doing something productive is exactly 4________ students are being encouraged to do because something like work experience or charity work helps 5________ (they) to acquire skills to use when competing 6________ a place at university. It looks good on their CVs and eventually makes them more employable. Actually, the experience of the gap year 7________ (become) much more practical recently, which is partly due to university participation increasing, and partly due to the demands on developing skills.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
4．what　句意为：去做一些有成效的事情正是学生们被鼓励做的，因为工作经验或慈善工作等可以帮助他们获得在大学中竞争一席之地时所需的技能。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作do的宾语，意为“……的事情”，应用what引导。故填what。
5．them　句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处为helps的宾语，应用they的宾格。故填them。
6．for　句意见第4题解析。compete for为固定搭配，意为“为(夺取)……比赛/竞争”，其中for意为“为了”，表示目的。故填for。
7．has become　句意为：实际上，最近间隔年期间的经验变得更加实用了，部分是因为(这些经验)在大学中的参与度提升，部分是因为对发展技能的要求。根据句意及时间状语recently可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响；主语the experience是第三人称单数，根据主谓一致原则可知，应填has become。
While the 8________ (benefit) of taking a gap year are clear to see, some students worry they can’t afford it. 9________ some experts argue that it needn’t “burn a hole in your pocket”, which means you don’t need to travel far and you can even earn money by doing 10________ (pay) work.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
8．benefits　句意为：虽然休一个间隔年的好处显而易见，但一些学生担心他们负担不起。根据句意以及后文中的are可知，此处应用复数形式。故填benefits。
9．But/Yet　句意为：但一些专家认为，没必要“花钱如流水”，也就是说你不需要旅行很远，甚至可以通过做有偿工作来挣钱。后文中的some experts argue that… 和前文中的some students worry they can’t afford it是转折关系。故填But/Yet。
10．paid　句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词形式作定语，pay和所修饰的名词work之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用其过去分词作定语，意为“有偿的”。故填paid。paid也可以理解为过去分词的形容词化，将其看作形容词，意为“有报酬的”。
　Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
02
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：应用文 题材：新闻广告
[北京2021]If you are planning to start a career in the field of education, science, or culture, then an internship (实习) at UNESCO will be ideal for you.
Who can apply
·You have completed your full time university studies; or
·You are studying in a graduate program for a master’s degree.
·Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution.
What are the requirements
·You must be at least 20 years old.
·You should have a good command (掌握) of either English or French.
·You must have an excellent knowledge of office related software.
·You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment.
·You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
What do you need to prepare
·Visa: You should obtain the necessary visas.
·Travel: You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship
·Medical insurance: You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid (有效的) in the target country for the entire period of the internship. UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period.
·Medical certificate: You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work.
·Motivation letter: You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form.
Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months. We do not respond to every candidate. If selected, you will be contacted by a manager. If you do not receive any update within six months, it means that your application has not been successful.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．According to this passage, applicants are required to ________.
A．hold a master’s degree in science
B．have international work experience
C．be fluent in either English or French
D．present a letter from a technical institution
2．What will UNESCO provide for the internship period
A．Limited medical insurance coverage. B．Training in communication skills.
C．A medical certificate for work.
D．Financial support for travel.
【语篇导读】联合国教科文组织招募实习生，本文介绍了实习项目的申请对象、对申请者的要求以及需要做哪些准备等相关信息。
1．C　细节理解题。根据What are the requirements？部分中的You should have a good command of either English or French.可知，申请者需要精通英语或法语，即可以流利地说英语或法语。故选C项。
答案及解析
2．A　细节理解题。根据What do you need to prepare？部分中的Medical insurance: … UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period.可知，实习期间，联合国教科文组织将为实习生提供有限的医疗保险。故选A项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．What should applicants do before filling out the application form
A．Contact UNESCO managers.
B．Get access to the database.
C．Keep a motivation letter at hand.
D．Work in a team for six months.
3．C　细节理解题。根据What do you need to prepare 部分中的Motivation letter: You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form.可知，在填写申请表之前，你应该准备好你的动机信。故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
B
体裁：议论文 题材：选择大学
[黑龙江哈尔滨六中2021高二期中]Many of us were delighted to learn that a high school senior Kwasi Enin was admitted to all eight Ivy League universities. To our surprise, he wasn’t excited as expected, but appeared extra calm. He announced that he would revisit the universities to find the best fit given his interests in music and medicine. He also wanted to compare their financial aid packages.
Kwasi’s success story is rare, but his reaction is not. After the admission letters arrive at home, students have 30 days to really think about what kind of school would help them grow as a person, which school would best prepare them for the future, and at which school they would be happiest. And they also have to think about whether they can afford the school they choose.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
But how to answer the questions about which school is the best match Some young people are attracted to large universities with great school spirit and a list of offerings. But besides those advantages, many of these universities focus on graduate work and research, with undergraduates taught mostly by part time instructors. Others are attracted to smaller boarding schools with discussion based classes. But some of these schools will have much limitation for students who want a high energy city life experience.
Many students today seem to think they should pick the university where they will get the diploma that will help them get the most highly paid job. This is a sad misunderstanding of what a college education should provide. A good college education should help give students the ability to overcome any difficulty and prepare them to thrive in society by helping them to form a creative mind and spirit that will continue to develop far beyond their university years. So when you choose a college, you should consider if it is filled with useful learning to help create new spaces for different possibilities of growth.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
1．What can we know about Kwasi Enin from Paragraph 1
A．He was from a very poor family.
B．He would choose the top university.
C．He was too excited to calm himself at the good news.
D．He considered his interest when choosing his university.
2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A．Few students can be admitted to university.
B．Many students face the choices like Kwasi.
C．Top universities are the first choice for most students.
D．American students can afford their university by themselves.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章以夸西·埃宁为例说明了许多学生面临的大学选择问题，作者认为良好的大学教育应该培养学生克服困难的能力，使学生在社会上茁壮成长，最好的大学应该是有助于学生在大学之后继续发展的。
1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He announced that he would revisit the universities to find the best fit given his interests in music and medicine. 可知，夸西·埃宁在选择大学时考虑了自己的兴趣。故选D项。
答案及解析
2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，夸西面对录取通知的反应在学生中并不少见。录取通知书送到家里后，学生们有30天的时间来真正思考什么样的学校能帮助他们成长，哪所学校能帮助他们为未来做最好的准备，在哪所学校他们会最快乐。他们也必须考虑他们能否负担得起他们选择的学校。由此可推知，许多学生都面临像夸西这样的选择。故选B项。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷阅读理解
3．Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “thrive” in Paragraph 4
A．Fail. B．Succeed.
C．Research. D．Work.
4．What should the best university be like according to the text
A．It will be very large and have good instructors.
B．It will be small boarding schools with discussion based classes.
C．It will offer the diploma to get the most highly paid job.
D．It will help students continue to make progress after university years.
3．B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的by helping them to form a creative mind and spirit that will continue to develop far beyond their university years可知，良好的大学教育能通过帮助学生形成创造性思维和不断进取的精神，从而使学生在步入社会后取得成就。故画线词与“成功”意思相近。故选B项。
4．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中A good college education should help give students the ability to overcome any difficulty… spirit that will continue to develop far beyond their university years. 可知，最好的大学应该是有助于学生在大学之后继续发展的。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
体裁：记叙文 题材：职业选择
[山东泰安一中2022一模]When it comes to hobbies and careers, all of us have our own stories. As a little girl, my favourite thing to do was reading—the same as today. So I figured I’d be a librarian when I grew up. __1__ The library had a two book limit, but she knew I’d blow through those in just a few days, so she always let me check out a big stack.
Time passed quickly and I was in fourth grade. Our school librarian, Mrs Ketelsen, sent some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine. __2__
At university, though majoring in journalism, I quickly learnt that I did not want to be a newspaper reporter. __3__ It amuses almost everyone who knows me and thinks I’m outgoing. (I am, but only with people I know!) So I was thrilled when I was selected for a summer internship at Reader’s Digest.
Ten years after that, I came back to Reader’s Digest to work as an editor. __4__ I’ve worked at other magazines too, but I’ve spent most of my career here, reading magazines, newspapers, websites, and books for stories we could condense (简缩), writing articles and even choosing jokes.
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
__5__ “The Tractor War” takes me home to the Midwest. “Something to Sneeze At” reminds me of all the sneezing I did when I moved to New York City and was suddenly allergic to grasses and trees… I relate to lots of our stories this month, and I hope you do too. Enjoy!
A．It was a long road home.
B．I lost my interest in it soon.
C．My first published writing!
D．I'm shy about interviewing people.
E．My dream of becoming a librarian encouraged me.
F．The stories in this issue seem to introduce myself to you.
G．Our town librarian, Mrs T nne, was really important to me becoming me now.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择职业的过程。
1．G　根据空后的The library had a two book limit, but she knew I’d blow through those in just a few days, so she always let me check out a big stack.可知，本句提到了一个人知道作者的阅读习惯，G项中的Mrs T nne对应空后的she。故G项(我们镇上的图书管理员，特内夫人，对我成为现在的我真的很重要)符合语境。故选G项。
2．C　根据上文中的Our school librarian, Mrs Ketelsen, sent some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine.可知，上文提到学校的图书管理员把作者的诗寄给了杂志(社)，由此可知，本句是在说明结果：作者第一次出版了作品。故C项(我第一次出版的作品！)符合语境。故选C项。
3．D　根据后文中的It amuses almost everyone who knows me and thinks I’m outgoing. (I am, but only with people I know!)可知，后文提到作者只有和认识的人在一起才很外向，由此可知，作者害怕采访他人。故D项(我害怕采访别人)符合语境。故选D项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷7选5
4．A　根据上文中的Ten years after that, I came back to Reader’s Digest to work as an editor.可知，作者十年后再次回到了曾经实习过的《读者文摘》(杂志社)做编辑，由此可推知，回去的路很漫长。故A项(回家的路很长)符合语境。故选A项。
5．F　根据后文“The Tractor War” takes me home to the Midwest.“Something to Sneeze At” reminds me of all the sneezing I did when I moved to New York City and was suddenly allergic to grasses and trees… I relate to lots of our stories this month, and I hope you do too. Enjoy!可知，后文列举的故事让作者想起了自己的经历，故F项(这一期中的故事似乎将我自己介绍给了你们)符合语境。故选F项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历
[江苏南通2022高二期末]The teacher who changed my life was Marjorie Hurd. She actually set the __1__ of my life in the new land I entered as a young war refugee.
Shortly after I met Marjorie Hurd, I was __2__. She introduced me to the __3__ wealth of Greece—giving me a new __4__ on my war ravaged (受战争蹂躏的) homeland. I began to be proud of my __5__.
One day, after __6__ how writers should write about what they know, she __7__ us to compose an essay from our own experience. Then looking at me, she __8__, “Nick, I want you to write about what happened to your family in Greece.”
1．A．sign B．course
C．form D．cycle
2．A．hesitant B．awkward
C．shocked D．impressed
3．A．literary B．domestic
C．personal D．military
4．A．feedback B．perspective
C．emphasis D．influence
5．A．lives B．schools
C．origins D．teachers
6．A．discussing B．inquiring
C．justifying D．anticipating
7．A．assigned B．challenged
C．persuaded D．promised
8．A．complained B．sighed
C．shouted D．added
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
I had been trying to put those __9__ memories behind me and left the assignment until the last moment. Then I __10__ the essay, hoping never to see it again, but Miss Hurd __11__ the essay to a contest sponsored by the Worcester paper and it won a medal.
For the first time I began to understand the __12__ of the written word. I followed the literary path that Miss Hurd had once set me on. After graduation, I became the __13__ of the Worcester paper. When the paper __14__ a picture of me standing next to the President, my father cut out the photograph and __15__ it in his breast pocket for the rest of his life to show everyone he met.　　　
9．A．pleasant B．unclear
C．painful D．temporary
10．A．subscribed to B．gave up
C．picked out D．handed in
11．A．compared B．submitted
C．donated D．attached
12．A．power B．mode
C．fault D．principle
13．A．waiter B．reader
C．editor D．monitor
14．A．built B．polished
C．ran D．interpreted
15．A．found B．carried
C．noticed D．forgot
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在赫德老师的引导下走上了文学道路的故事。
1．B　根据后文of my life in the new land I entered as a young war refugee以及下文描写的老师对作者的影响可知，老师设定了作者在新土地上的人生轨迹，故选B。course意为“进展；进程”。
2．D　根据后文描述的老师对作者的影响可知，老师改变了作者对自己出身的看法并让作者走上了文学道路，所以作者对这位老师是印象深刻的，故选D。hesitant意为“犹豫的”；awkward意为“令人尴尬的”；shocked意为“吃惊的”；impressed意为“有深刻的好印象”。
3．A　根据最后一段中的I followed the literary path that Miss Hurd had once set me on.可知，此处指老师让作者接触到了希腊的文学财富，故选A。literary意为“文学的”；domestic意为“家庭的；国内的”；military意为“军事的”。
4．B　根据后文on my war ravaged homeland. I began to be proud of my________.可知，希腊文学让作者对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新看法，故选B。feedback意为“反馈的意见”；perspective意为“(思考问题的)角度，观点”；emphasis意为“强调”；influence意为“影响”。
5．C　结合上文可知，作者对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新看法，开始对自己的出身感到骄傲，故选C。
origin意为“出身”。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
6．A　根据后文how writers should write about what they know可知，此处指学生们讨论完作家应该如何把自己知道的东西写出来后，老师布置了作业，故选A。justify意为“证明”；anticipate意为“期待”。
7．A 根据后文left the assignment可知，此处应指给学生布置作业，故选A。assign意为“布置(工作、任务)”；challenge意为“挑战”；persuade意为“说服”；promise意为“承诺”。
8．D　根据后文Nick, I want you to write about what happened to your family in Greece.可知，老师给作者安排了指定的写作任务，因此此处指老师“补充说”，故选D。complain意为“投诉”；sigh意为“叹息”；add意为“补充说”。
9．C　根据第一段中as a young war refugee可知，作者对此有着痛苦的记忆，故选C。pleasant意为“令人愉快的”；unclear意为“不清楚的”；painful意为“痛苦的”；temporary意为“暂时的”。
10．D　根据后文hoping never to see it again和Miss Hurd ________ the essay to a contest可知，此处指作者上交了文章，故选D。subscribe to意为“订阅”；give up意为“放弃”；pick out意为“选出”；hand in意为“上交”。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
11．B　根据后文to a contest sponsored by… 可知，老师把这篇文章提交给了伍斯特报社赞助的一个竞赛，故选B。compare意为“比较”；submit意为“提交”；attach意为“附上”。
12．A　根据前文it won a medal可知，作者写的文章获奖了，因此作者从这件事中明白了文字的力量，故选A。
13．C　根据后文of the Worcester paper可知，此处指作者成为报纸的编辑，故选C。
14．A　根据后文a picture of me standing next to the President可知，此处指报纸刊登了作者和总统站在一起的照片，故选C。polish意为“润色”；interpret意为“说明”。
【知识拓展】run熟词生义
run在本题中作动词，意为“发表；刊登”。
15．B　根据后文in his breast pocket for the rest of his life to show everyone he met可知，父亲随时带着这张照片，故选B。
Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练
刷完形填空
答案及解析
　Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
03
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：科学技术
[四川成都蓉城高中教育联盟2022高二期末联考]Did you ever notice how your favourite clothes lose their colour and seem thinner with time Washing may be to blame.
According to a new study, clothes lose fewer dyes (染料) and fibres when washed in shorter cycles and in cool water. That means they will fade and thin less.These wash settings are greener, too—good for the environment.
As clothes are being washed in a washing machine, some of the fabric’s fibres loosen and are washed away. Clothes also lose some of dyes that coloured them and the dyes and fibres lost in the wash water will end up in the environment.
“There is some sort of environmental impact on almost everything you do,” says Lucy Cotton from the University of Leeds. Her research team put together two batches of clothes for tests. One had dark coloured T shirts. The other had shirts in lighter colours. The team washed each batch in the same machine but used two different cycles. The first cycle lasted 30 minutes and used 25°C water. The second cycle used 40°C water and ran for 85 minutes.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
After each cycle, the team collected fibres in the wash water and from an extra empty wash cycle afterward. They found that all shirts lost more colours when washed in hot water in the longer cycle. Room temperature water released fewer dyes than the hotter water did. The shirts also lost more tiny fibres in the longer, hotter cycle. Those microfibres matter because they give fabric its weight and strength. When the fabric loses too many microfibres, it will thin and weaken.Those microfibres will also pollute waterways.
And, just as microfibres add up to tons of waste, even small steps to cut waste will also add up. “Everything that you can do can make a difference,” Cotton says, “even if it is something as simple as changing your wash settings.”
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1．What did the new study mainly express in the passage
A．The advantages of washing clothes.
B．The frequency of washing clothes.
C．The results of clothes fading and thinning.
D．The impacts of washing time and water temperature on clothes.
2．What can we know from the team’s experiment
A．We should wash clothes as less as possible.
B．We should wash clothes in longer cycles.
C．We’d better use cool water when washing clothes.
D．We need a proper washing machine when washing clothes.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，用较短的洗涤时长并在冷水中洗涤，衣服会减少掉色并损失更少的纤维，对环境也有好处。
1．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的According to a new study, clothes lose fewer dyes and fibres when washed in shorter cycles and in cool water.可知，新的研究主要表明洗涤时间和水温对衣服的影响。故选D项。
2．C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的They found that all shirts lost more colours when washed in hot water in the longer cycle.Room temperature water released fewer dyes than the hotter water did.The shirts also lost more tiny fibres in the longer, hotter cycle.可知，用较长的洗涤时间并在热水中洗涤会使衣服掉更多的颜色，以及失去更多细小的纤维，因此我们洗衣服
时最好用凉水。故选C项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3．From the passage, what can we learn about microfibres
A．They are useless at all.
B．They are beneficial to fabric.
C．They can improve water quality.
D．They are good for the environment.
4．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Wash Properly, Pollute Less
B．Wash Quickly, Spend Less
C．The Research on Microfibres
D．The Ways to Wash Clothes
3．B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Those microfibres matter because they give fabric its weight and strength.可知，超细纤维对布料有益处。故选B项。
答案及解析
4．A　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容可知，用较短的洗涤时间并在冷水中洗涤，衣服会损失更少的染料和纤维，也更环保。因此本文主要介绍正确的洗衣方式，以及这种方式对环境的好处。故选A项。
【方法总结】确定最佳标题的方法
在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切合文章的中心论题。通常情况下，文章的主题句即可概括为标题。主题句通常在文章首段，也可能在文章的末段，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
B
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事
[重庆八中2021适应性考试]Next week, Pushpa Nagaraj will appear for her 720th exam. But she won’t be taking the exam for herself. Since 2007, she has helped hundreds of visually challenged students take exams by acting as their scribe (抄写员), reading them the questions and then writing down the answers they give.
When Ms Nagaraj was growing up in Bangalore, the IT capital of India, her father lost his job after a back injury. The family suddenly found itself struggling. She thought she’d have to drop out of school. Luckily, her mother managed to raise enough money to educate her through high school. Today, she’s a project coordinator for an IT firm.
One day, as she was helping a few visually damaged children cross the road, it struck her how difficult even everyday tasks could be for them, let alone finishing their education. Ms Nagaraj wanted to help those children.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
In India, most children with sight challenges do not have access to specialised schooling. Even for those who attend mainstream classes, timed exams—key for Indian educational institutions, where scores are especially important—present additional difficulties. “Many of them balk at the thought of writing exams and drop out,” says Ms Sundararaman, a local education expert. “And so, their education comes to a sudden stop, midway.” Having a scribe can be the difference between passing and failing.
Over the past 12 years, word about Ms Nagaraj’s work has spread—so much that she now gets requests from people from all over India. She has also set up a network of volunteers that posts requests through a WhatsApp group.
Ms Nagaraj is keenly aware of ongoing challenges, the chief of which is that, every once in a while, she has to refuse requests from students to give them the answers during exams. Another challenge is to expand the circle of scribes. Despite these, she is very grateful for having the opportunity to help others. “I have no complaints. Actually, I feel very blessed,” she says.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
1．What do we know about Ms Nagaraj from Paragraph 2
A．She suffered from a back injury.
B．She struggled to finish her high school.
C．She raised enough money from an IT firm. D．She had to work to help support her family.
2．What does the underlined word “balk” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Become hesitant.
B．Feel unsatisfied.
C．Are hopeful.
D．Are surprised.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印度一位名叫纳加拉杰的女士致力于做志愿抄写员，帮助盲人学生在考场上读题和记录答案，使他们得以继续接受教育的故事。
1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段中She thought she’d have to drop out of school. Luckily, her mother managed to raise enough money to educate her through high school.可知，纳加拉杰艰难地完成了高中学业，故选B项。
答案及解析
2．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文In India, most children with sight challenges do not have access to specialised schooling. Even for those who attend mainstream classes, timed exams—key for Indian educational institutions, where scores are especially important—present additional difficulties.以及后文And so, their education comes to a sudden stop, midway.可知，对盲人学生来说，考试中如果没有抄写员的帮助是很难完成考试的，尤其在印度的教育机构很重视考试分数的情况下，因此他们一想到要参加笔试就会变得很犹豫，进而辍学。故画线词意为“变得犹豫”。故选A项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷阅读理解
3．What challenge does Ms Nagaraj have to overcome
A．The limited number of scribes.
B．The large quantity of exams to take.
C．The request to repeat questions in the exam.
D．The building of a network of volunteers.
4．What’s the text mainly about
A．An Indian woman breaking the record in taking exams.
B．The importance of setting up an organisation for scribes.
C．The problems of students dropping out of school in India.
D．An Indian woman helping disabled children by being a scribe.
3．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Another challenge is to expand the circle of scribes.可推知，纳加拉杰女士必须克服的挑战是抄写员的数量有限。故选A项。
答案及解析
4．D　主旨大意题。根据第一段Next week, Pushpa Nagaraj will appear for her 720th exam.But she won’t be taking the exam for herself… and then writing down the answers they give.并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了印度的纳加拉杰女士致力于做志愿抄写员，帮助盲人学生在考场上读题和记录答案，使他们得以继续接受教育的故事。由此可知，D项(一位印度女士当抄写员来帮助残疾儿童)最能概括本文主旨。故选D项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：学习方法
[福建福州2022高二期末]Learning geography can be challenging. __1__ Memorising names of places can seem boring and difficult. However, mastering geography can give you a sense of achievement and help you know much more about the world you live in.
__2__ The approach you take will be determined by your learning goals. If you want to just know more about your world, the requirements are relatively low. If you are planning to take a backpacking trip across many countries and need to know your way around, or if you need to prepare before the final exam, the requirements may be higher.
Study maps. To learn geography, you need access to maps. Many maps are available online, but you can also use printed maps. Maps contain a wealth of information.However, they come in varying levels of detail. __3__
Examine culture and people. Getting to know the name of a place on a map is somewhat objective, and memorising just the names of countries may seem somewhat useless to you if you don’t connect them to the people there. __4__ Getting to know the character of a place by learning about the culture and the people can make your study of geography come to life.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
Use apps and software. There are many apps and software or online programme options for learning geography. __5__ Technology opens up the world to you, and if you seize the opportunities afforded by various technologies, you can learn about the geography and culture of many different places in the world at once!
A．Set your learning goals.
B．Geography involves many different areas.
C．Remembering all the names of places isn’t easy.
D．Geography reflects the history of a place as well.
E．Every place consists of people with a unique culture.
F．You can find a list of free geography programmes here.
G．Ensure selecting maps providing what you wish to learn.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习地理是一件有挑战性的事，但是把地理学好是很有用的，不仅给你成就感，也能让你更好地了解你所生活的世界。文章介绍了几种方法来更好地学习和了解地理。
1．B　根据前一句Learning geography can be challenging.以及后一句Memorising names of places can seem boring and difficult.可知，设空处内容应与前后文内容是顺承关系，都在说明学习地理不容易，B项(地理涉及许多不同的地域)符合语境。故选B项。
2．A　根据本段内容可知，本段说明的是你所采取的学习地理的方法是由你的学习目标决定的。目标简单，要求就简单，目标高，要求也高。A项 (设定你的学习目标)符合语境。故选A项。
3．G　根据前文Many maps are available online, but you can also use printed maps. Maps contain a wealth of information. However, they come in varying levels of detail.可知，本段介绍如何选择地图。因为地图包含大量的信息，且不同地图对细节的把握也不一，所以你要根据你想要了解的东西来选择地图。G项 (确保选择能提供你想要了解的信息的地图)符合语境。故选G项。
答案及解析
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 1 刷7选5
4．E　根据前文Getting to know the name of a place on a map is somewhat objective, and memorising just the names of countries may seem somewhat useless to you if you don’t connect them to the people there.以及后文Getting to know the character of a place by learning about the culture and the people can make your study of geography come to life.可知，要通过了解一个地方的文化和人来了解这个地方。E项 (每个地方都由具有独特文化的人组成)与前后文之间是顺承关系，符合语境。故选E项。
5．F　根据前文There are many apps and software or online programme options for learning geography.可知，有很多的应用程序和软件供你选择，还有许多能帮助你学习地理的课程。F项 (你可以在这里找到一系列免费的地理课程)承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。
答案及解析
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历
One day, my father and I were watching a dance reality show. For some reason, I disliked one of the dancers from the very beginning of the show.
Unknowingly, I kept finding his __1__ and criticising (批评) his dance moves. __2__, my father was watching the __3__ with a smile all the time. When the performance ended, he looked at me and asked softly, “How much do you __4__ about the dance competition, Martha ” “No, Dad, not at all,” I said. “Then how do you know that he is a __5__ dancer ” He asked still with a smile.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
1．A．secrets B．tricks
C．mistakes D．strengths
2．A．Besides B．However
C．Finally D．Immediately
3．A．movie B．action
C．performance D．sign
4．A．know B．debate
C．enquire D．complain
5．A．representative B．bad
C．common D．silly
“Just __6__ the other dancers! He is not as good as them,” I said. “But he is among the final 10 competitors who were carefully __7__. How can he be bad Maybe his dance is of no __8__ to you, but that doesn’t mean you can __9__ or even criticise his creativity.” “Why not ” I asked carelessly. “Because criticising someone or something __10__ nothing but negativity around you.” 　　
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
6．A．call on B．spy on
C．glare at D．look at
7．A．treated B．raised
C．suspected D．selected
8．A．benefit B．use
C．interest D．importance
9．A．ignore B．limit
C．prevent D．forget
10．A．affects B．gets
C．contains D．solves
“Instead of criticising someone or something you don’t like, you should spend your time __11__ someone or something you like, which will spread __12__ ideas,” my father added.
So be __13__! Never criticise anyone or anything unless you have a good __14__ of it. This is the most __15__ advice my father has ever given me.　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
11．A．awarding B．appreciating
C．recording D．remembering
12．A．positive B．fresh
C．original D．unique
13．A．free B．confident
C．reasonable D．independent
14．A．defence B．luck
C．deal D．knowledge
15．A．valuable B．ambitious
C．elegant D．embarrassing
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和父亲在观看舞蹈真人秀时，作者因从一开始就不喜欢一位舞者，一直批评他的舞蹈。父亲告诉作者一个道理：批评只会给你带来消极影响，而欣赏可以传播积极的思想。
1．C　根据空后的and criticising his dance moves中的criticising可知，作者一直在找这个舞者的错误，并批评他的舞蹈动作。故选C项。
2．B　上文提到criticising his dance moves，即作者批评那位舞者的舞蹈动作，下文的with a smile all the time表明父亲一直面带微笑观看，由此可知，上下文之间为转折关系，However符合语境。故选B项。
3．C　根据下文的When the performance ended可知，作者和父亲是在观看表演。故选C项。
4．A　根据下文父亲的问话“Then how do you know that he is a ________ dancer ”可知，父亲是问作者对舞蹈比赛了解多少。How much do you ________ about 与how do you know that相呼应。故选A项。
5．B　根据下文作者回答父亲的话He is not as good as them以及父亲的话How can he be bad 可知，作者觉得那位舞者很差。故选B项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
答案及解析
6．D　根据语境可知，作者让父亲看其他的舞蹈演员，这样可以有所比较。故选D项。
7．D　根据空前的he is among the final 10 competitors可知，这位舞者是被精心挑选出来的最终十位选手之一。故选D项。
8．C　根据上文的I disliked one of the dancers from the very beginning of the show可知，作者从一开始就不喜欢其中一个舞者，对他的舞蹈不感兴趣。故选C项。
9．A　根据语境可知，父亲认为即使作者对那位舞者的舞蹈不感兴趣，也不应该忽视甚至批评他的创造力。故选A项。
10．B　get nothing意为“一无所获”。父亲认为，一味指责批评只会让作者一无所获并给作者带来消极的影响。故选B项。
11．B　根据上文的Instead of criticising someone or something you don’t like可知，父亲是让作者不要批评不喜欢的人或东西，而要把时间花在欣赏喜欢的人或东西上。appreciating someone or something you like与criticising someone or something you don’t like相对应。故选B项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
答案及解析
12．A　根据上文的criticising someone or something ________ nothing but negativity around you可知，父亲认为批评只会给作者带来消极影响，而欣赏会带来积极的思想。positive ideas与negativity相对应。故选A项。
13．C　根据下文的Never criticise anyone or anything unless you have a good ________ of it.可知，作者意识到不了解就不要批评任何人或任何事，要讲道理。故选C项。
14．D　句意为：永远不要批评任何人或任何事，除非你很了解它。have a good knowledge of 意为“对……有很好的了解，通晓”，此处与上文中的How much do you ________ about the dance competition对应。故选D项。
15．A　根据前一句Never criticise anyone or anything unless you have a good ________ of it.及上文内容所描述的作者态度的转变可知，作者体会到这是父亲给她的最宝贵的建议。故选A项。
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷完形填空
答案及解析
体裁：议论文　 题材：科学与技术
[湖南长沙明德中学2022高二期中] Artificial intelligence (AI) is 1________ branch of computer science that aims 2________ (create) intelligent machines. It is the development of computers since the 1940s that has made the dream of AI a reality. Since the field of AI was 3________ (official) founded in the mid 1950s, people have been predicting the rise of intelligent machines.
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．a　句意为：人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，力求创造智能机器。branch为可数名词，此处泛指“一个分支”，所以用不定冠词。branch的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2．to create　句意见上一题解析。aim to do sth为固定用法，意为“力求做某事”。故填to create。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要论述了人工智能的发展以及人们对人工智能的担忧。
答案及解析
3．officially　句意为：自人工智能领域于20世纪50年代中期正式成立以来，人们一直在预测智能机器的崛起。设空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。故填officially。
However, AI technology developed very slowly for a long time. Not until 1997, 4________ Deep Blue defeated the world chess champion, did AI make a major breakthrough. In 2017, Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, 5________ (beat) by a computer program named AlphaGo, marking a significant advance in deep learning AI systems.
AI is currently being applied in many fields, 6________ (transform) the way we live. Apparently, we are at a turning point in history.
Exercise 2 刷语法填空
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
4．when　句意为：直到1997年，“深蓝”打败了国际象棋世界冠军，人工智能才取得了重大突破。分析句子结构可知，本句为时间状语Not until 1997提前至句首的倒装句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为1997，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导该从句。
5．was beaten　句意为：柯洁可以说是人类最优秀的围棋选手，2017年，他被名为阿尔法围棋的计算机程序击败，标志着深度学习型人工智能系统的重大进步。根据时间状语In 2017可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语Ke Jie与beat之间为被动关系，表示“被打败”，所以用被动语态，Ke Jie为第三人称单数，故填was beaten。
6．transforming　句意为：人工智能目前正被应用于许多领域，改变着我们的生活方式。本句的句子主干为被动结构，设空处应用非谓语形式；此处表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填transforming。
Although intelligent robots will be working to7________ (we) advantage someday in the future, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. Where will all this lead Will we fall victim 8________ AI Stephen Hawking warned, “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.” Such 9________ (warning) deserve our attention. Indeed, it is fantastic to allow a robot to do all the work for us, 10________ we shouldn’t be too greedy, but rather be careful about what we wish for.
Exercise 2 刷语法填空
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
7．our　句意为：虽然智能机器人在未来的某一天会对我们有利，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。设空处修饰名词advantage，应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。work to one’s advantage为固定用法，意为“对某人有利”。
8．to　句意为：我们会成为人工智能的受害者吗？ fall victim to为固定搭配，意为“成为……的牺牲品/受害者”。故填to。
9．warnings　句意为：这样的警告值得我们注意。warning在此为可数名词，其前无冠词修饰，根据谓语动词可知，此处表示不止一个，所以用复数形式。故填warnings。
10．but/yet　句意为：确实，让机器人为我们做所有的工作是很棒的，但我们不应该太贪婪，而应该小心我们的愿望。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用表示转折关系的连词but/yet。
[河北石家庄二中2022高二期中]假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. ________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷应用文写作
【写作提示】
1．写作要点：(1)表明写信目的；(2)阐述个人优势；(3)表明自己能做的事情。
2．提分词句：be delighted to do sth; keep… in order; sense of responsibility; take… into consideration；现在分词短语作定语； “it is＋adj.＋for sb to do sth”句式；“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构；which引导非限制性定语从句等。
【参考范文】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. I’m delighted to learn that volunteers are wanted for an exhibition featuring Chinese paintings. It has been my dream to be a volunteer, so I’m writing to apply for the position.
I can speak English and Chinese fluently, so it is easy for me to communicate with English speakers and Chinese. What’s more, being a monitor makes me a brilliant organiser, which will help to keep the exhibition in order. Besides, my related knowledge will help serve the visitors better. I believe my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Part Ⅲ 单元限时作业
Exercise 2 刷应用文写作