人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册 Unit 3 Food and Culture Reading and Thinking必刷题(共88张PPT)

(共88张PPT)
选择性必修第二册
Unit 3 Food and Culture
01
Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.At a time of the economic crisis, a certain ________ （prior） should be very clear about what we
need to do.
priority
解析 句意为：在经济危机时期，我们的首要任务应该是非常明确我们需要做什么。根据空前的a certain可知，此处指“一件首要事情”。故填priority。
2.It's a volunteer organisation with mothers working to provide ___________ （exception） experiences
for children.
exceptional
解析 句意为：这是一个志愿者组织，母亲们致力于为孩子们提供特殊的体验。此空需要填形容词，修饰名词experiences，exceptional是形容词，意为“特别的；杰出的”。故填exceptional。
3.The Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area reported a sharp decline in water ____________
（consume） and a great improvement in natural and living environment.
consumption
解析 句意为：据报道，北京经济技术开发区的用水量大幅下降,自然环境和生活环境有了很大改善。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作介词in的宾语,应用名词; consume的名词形式为consumption，表示“消耗；消耗量”，此处指“耗水量”。故填consumption。
4.Please have your boarding pass ready prior ___ departure.
to
解析 句意为：请在起飞前准备好你的登机牌。prior to 意为“在……之前”。
5.At ______minimum, you should send emoticons （表情符号） with your message.
a/the
解析 句意为：你最起码要在信息里增加一些表情符号。at a/the minimum 意为“最起码；至少”。
6.It's not a waste of time and energy as long as you gain experience related ___ your job.
to
解析 句意为：只要你获得与工作相关的经验，这就不是浪费时间和精力。be related to意为“与……相关”,为固定搭配。故填to。
7._____ （lose） in thought, he didn't notice what had happened just now.
Lost
解析 句意为：他陷入了沉思，没有注意到刚才发生的事情。 be lost in thought 意为“陷入沉思”， 此处应用lose的过去分词形式作原因状语。句首首字母应大写。故填Lost。
8.It's an occasion to have family feasts, buy new clothes and exchange red envelopes _______ （stuff）
with gift money.
stuffed
解析 句意为：这是一个举办家宴、买新衣服和交换装满压岁钱的红包的日子。设空处应用非谓语动词作定语，stuff与所修饰的名词短语red envelopes之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填stuffed。
9.The summer camp group, __________ （consist） of 30 students, will start for Beijing and stay there
for three weeks.
consisting
解析 句意为：由30名学生组成的夏令营小组将动身前往北京并在那里待三个星期。consist of意为“由……组成”，与主语The summer camp group之间是逻辑上的主动关系，此处应用现在分词短语作定语，相当于which consists of。故填consisting。
10.Thousands of soldiers were sent to rescue the people whose homes __________________ （destroy）
in the earthquake.
had been destroyed
解析 句意为：成千上万的士兵被派去营救那些在地震中家园被毁的人。设空处的动作发生在主句谓语were sent之前，属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时；此处homes和destroy之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填had been destroyed。
根据提示补全句子。
1.热汤、热饮和辛辣食物一起可以帮助你暖和暖和身子。（hand in hand）
Hot soups, warm drinks and spicy food go ______ ___ ______ ___ _____ ______ _____ ____.
hand
in
hand
to
help
warm
you
up
2.它用简单的英语提供了中国主要名菜的名称，为外国游客弥合了文化差异。（bridge）
It provides the names of ______ ________ ________ ________ in plain English, _________ ____
_______ _____ for foreign travellers.
main
famous
Chinese
cuisines
bridging
the
culture
gap
3.有时，当人们感到沮丧时，他们会对周围的人发脾气。
Sometimes when people are frustrated, they _____ _____ _______ _____ those present around them.
lose
their
temper
with
4.我到车站时，公共汽车已经离开十分钟了。
By the time I got to the station, the bus _____ ______ ______ for ten minutes.
had
been
away
5.当他回来的时候，他所有的财物都被大火烧毁了。（property; consume）
When he came back, ____ ____ _________ _____ ______ __________ by the big fire.
all
his
property
had
been
consumed
&1& 体裁：说明文 &2& 题材：饮食与文化 &3& 词数：207 &4& 难度：&5& &6& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As Brillat-Savarin put it, you are what you eat.Many people relate this saying to healthy eating.In
fact, Brillat-Savarin was referring to our 1. . （personal）, character and culture.
Prior to coming to China, I ate Chinese food that 2. . （change） to suit
American tastes.For example, the most popular Chinese dish in America is General Tso's chicken,
3. . can't tell us much about the Chinese.Instead, it does tell us a lot about Americans.
personality
had been changed
which
Fortunately, I had a chance 4. . （experience） authentic Chinese food in person.In a
Sichuan restaurant, we enjoyed 5. . entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns.What impressed me most
was the friendship offered us.In Shandong, I found the fact that family is important to the people there,
for families get together to make 6. . （dumpling） on major festivals.In Xinjiang,
people7. . （traditional） wandered the open range on horses, leading to them 8. .
（roast） meat over an open fire.Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people.However, what is
always true9. . （be） that Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.
In a word, Chinese culture is a good illustration 10. . the saying “You are what you eat.” Culture
and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
to experience
an
dumplings
traditionally
roasting
is
of
1.___________
personality
解析 设空处与character和culture并列，作介词to的宾语，且空前有形容词性物主代词our修饰，应用名词形式。
2._________________
had been changed
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语；根据语境和时间状语的提示可知，设空处的动作发生在主句谓语ate的动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时；that指代先行词Chinese food，与动词change之间为被动关系，所以应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been changed。
3._______
which
解析 此处______ can't tell us much about the Chinese是非限制性定语从句，先行词是General Tso's chicken，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用which引导。
4._____________
to experience
解析 chance后面常接不定式作后置定语，have a chance to do sth表示“有做某事的机会”。故填to experience。
5.____
an
解析 此处泛指“一种全新的味道”，应用不定冠词修饰。entirely的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。
6.__________
dumplings
解析 dumpling为可数名词，结合常识可知，此处表示复数概念，应用名词复数形式。
7.____________
traditionally
解析 设空处在句中作状语，修饰动词短语wandered the open range on horses，应用副词形式。
8.________
roasting
解析 lead to sb doing sth意为“致使某人做某事”。
9.___
is
解析 what引导的从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。
10.___
of
解析 an illustration of… 意为“……的例证”。故填of。
&7& 体裁：说明文 &8& 题材：饮食与文化 &9& 词数：186 &10& 难度：&11& &12& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to Anhui Province, the first thing that comes to mind might be Huangshan
Mountain.In fact, this mountainous province is 1. . birthplace of Anhui cuisine （徽菜）, or Hui
cuisine.
Hui cuisine is known 2. . its unique flavour and cooking techniques.The most common
ingredients in Hui cuisine include shrimps, mushrooms, herbs （药草）, bamboo shoots, and chestnuts,
all of which 3. . （pick） or caught in mountainous areas.
To Chinese people, food is like medicine.Hui cuisine is not an exception to this 4. .
（believe）.To achieve this, local people use herbs 5. . （frequent）, whether wild 6. .
grown by people, and add them to their dishes, 7. . （make） them healthy and delicious.
the
for
are picked
belief
frequently
or
making
Anhui people value celebrations very much.The celebrations require different dishes, 8. . have
greatly promoted the development of Hui cuisine.It is said that traders from Anhui Province liked to
show their respect to their business 9. . （partner） or friends with a big table of Hui
dishes.And wherever they went, they 10. . （prefer） to build Hui cuisine restaurants.
which
partners
preferred
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徽菜的特点和由来。
1.____
the
解析 此处特指“徽菜的诞生地”，应用定冠词the。
2.____
for
解析 句意为：徽菜以其独特的味道和烹饪技巧而闻名。设空处后的its unique flavour and cooking techniques为徽菜出名的理由，be known for… 为固定搭配，意为“因……而出名”。故填for。
3.___________
are picked
解析 句意为：徽菜最常见的食材包括虾、蘑菇、药草、竹笋和栗子，这些都是在山区采摘或捕获的。分析句子结构可知，all of which 引导非限制性定语从句，which指代上文提到的所有的食材，为复数概念，从句谓语应用复数形式；all of which与pick之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；此处描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。故填are picked。
4.______
belief
解析 设空处作介词to的宾语，且其前有this修饰，应用名词单数。故填belief。
5.__________
frequently
解析 句意为：为了达到这一目的，当地人经常使用药草，不论是野生的还是人工种植的，并将其添加到菜肴中，使菜肴既健康又美味。设空处修饰动词use，应用副词。故填frequently。
6.___
or
解析 whether… or… 为固定搭配，意为“不管……还是……”。故填or。
7.________
making
解析 本句中的use和add为and连接的两个并列的谓语动词，make与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语形式；此处表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
8._______
which
解析 句意为：这些庆典需要不同的菜肴，这极大地促进了徽菜的发展。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which引导该从句。
9.________
partners
解析 句意为：据说，徽商喜欢用一大桌徽菜来表达对生意伙伴或朋友的敬意。partner意为“合伙人”时为可数名词，根据设空处后的friends可知，此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式。故填partners。
10._________
preferred
解析 句意为：而且无论去哪里，他们都喜欢开徽菜馆。wherever they went为状语从句，逗号后为句子的主句部分，they为主语，设空处为谓语动词，由从句中的went可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填preferred
A
&13& 体裁：应用文 &14& 题材：介绍说明 &15& 词数：302 &16& 难度：&17& &18& 建议用时：6分钟
As a heaven for family entertainment, Orlando is home to several nationally recognised dinner shows.With a variety as wide as the whole Florida, there is always a dinner show suited for all tastes.
Arabian Nights in Orlando
With over 60 horses, impressive costumes and sets, and all of the excitement of a royal wedding, Arabian Nights is a favourite with families! In fact, children are invited after the show to pet the horses, take pictures, and meet the cast of Arabian Nights! Of course, everyone will enjoy the royal wedding feast during the performance, so be sure to arrive with hunger.
Medieval （中世纪的） Times Dinner & Tournament in Orlando
Cheer loudly for your brave knight （骑士） during the Medieval Times show, and he just might win the victory in your honour.In this thrilling competition, six brave knights fight against one another in a variety of medieval competitions.From the fierce joust （马上比武） to the intense hand-to-hand fight, this show will bring the excitement of medieval times to life as you dine on a delicious feast fit for a king!
Pirate's Dinner Adventure in Orlando
Prepare yourself for Pirate's Dinner Adventure as you are transported into a battle with the evil Captain Sebastian the Black.The show features fantastic special effects, song and dance, and so on.Of course, you'll also enjoy a delicious meal before battling against Captain Sebastian and his evil crew.
Sleuth's Mystery Dinner Shows in Orlando
Use the clues provided during your dinner and evening entertainment as you work to figure out who has committed the crime! Put your sense of observation to good use, and you just might be the Sleuth who figures out “whodunit!” If not, you'll still enjoy a great meal and entertainment to remember for years to come.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了奥兰多拥有数个举国闻名的晚餐表演，种类和整个佛罗里达州的一样丰富，总有适合所有人喜好的晚餐表演，这里是家庭娱乐的天堂。
1.What can you do at Medieval Times Dinner & Tournament in Orlando ( )
C
A.Meet the cast of the show. B.Battle with Captain Sebastian.
C.Enjoy the excitement of jousts and fights. D.Appreciate national dinner shows in Florida.
解析 细节理解题。根据Medieval Times Dinner & Tournament in Orlando部分的From the fierce joust to the intense hand-to-hand fight, this show will bring the excitement of medieval times to life as you dine on a delicious feast fit for a king!可知，从激烈的骑马比武到紧张的肉搏战，当你品尝美味的国王盛宴时，该节目将带给你中世纪的刺激！由此可知，你可以在这个节目中享受激烈的马上比武和搏斗带来的兴奋感。故选C项。
2.Who might be interested in the Sleuth's Mystery Dinner Shows ( )
D
A.Those fond of providing clues. B.Those eager to commit crimes.
C.Those interested in taking pictures. D.Those good at observing and reasoning.
解析 细节理解题。根据Sleuth's Mystery Dinner Shows in Orlando部分的Use the clues provided during your dinner and evening entertainment as you work to figure out who has committed the crime! Put your sense of observation to good use, and you just might be the Sleuth who figures out “whodunit!”可知，你可以利用晚餐和晚间娱乐中该活动提供的线索来找出是谁犯了罪！充分利用你的观察力，你可能就是破解悬案的侦探。由此可知，那些善于观察和推理的人可能会对Sleuth's Mystery Dinner Shows（侦探的神秘晚餐表演）感兴趣。故选D项。
3.What is the main purpose of the text ( )
B
A.To advertise a dinner show. B.To introduce dinner shows in Orlando.
C.To attract more adventurers to Florida. D.To introduce an entertainment TV programme.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作为家庭娱乐的天堂，奥兰多拥有数个举国闻名的晚餐表演，种类和整个佛罗里达州的一样丰富，总有适合所有人喜好的晚餐表演。下文分别介绍了四个晚餐表演的具体情况。由此可知，本文的主要目的是介绍奥兰多的晚餐表演。故选B项。
[辽宁名校联盟2022高二联考] B
&19& 体裁：说明文 &20& 题材：介绍说明 &21& 词数：333 &22& 难度：&23& &24& 建议用时：8分钟
Spices （香料） are global now.But once they were restricted to certain regions, so they were highly costly and even more valuable than gold at that time!Spices have come a long way since then.They are now used for varieties of purposes.
Spices are mainly found in tropical areas.Spices were more commonly used in warmer climates as a way to treat infectious diseases in ancient times.They are commonly found in countries and regions like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and East Africa.
The written record of spices dates back to the ancient India, China, and Egypt about 3,500 years ago.In the 6th century BC, spices were introduced to Europe from Southeast Asia.
In Europe, the most common spices in the Middle Ages were cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, ginger, and black pepper.These were among the most expensive products at that time.No wonder they were popular among noble people in Europe.The king of Aragon wanted to put them in wine.
During these times, the spices were fundamentally imported from plantations in Africa and Asia.This was the main reason why they were expensive.The Republic of Venice established a monopoly （垄断） on the trade in spices from the 8th to 15th century with the Middle East.This made the region very rich.About 1,000 tons of spices were imported every year into Western Europe.
Considering the high prices of spices, Portugal and Spain were increasingly getting interested in finding new trade routes for spices from Asia.This was the main reason that drove Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama to sail to India.He found that pepper there was at much lower prices than those of Venice.During this time only, Columbus came back from the New World.He told the investors about the new spices available there.
Portuguese were able to control the sea routes to India with the help of their military forces.This enabled Portuguese to trade directly with the Maluku Islands, China, and Thailand.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了香料的历史，包括香料的发现、传播以及贸易发展等。
1.What was spice once used as in warm areas ( )
A
A.Medicine. B.Food. C.Money. D.Decorations.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Spices were more commonly used in warmer climates as a way to treat infectious diseases in ancient times.可知，在气候温暖的地区，香料在古代更常被用来治疗传染病。由此可知，香料曾在气候温暖的地区被当作药物使用。故选A项。
2.Why did Portugal and Spain explore new Asian spice trade routes ( )
B
A.To promote spices. B.To make a profit.
C.To explore the New World. D.To control the world trade.
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Considering the high prices of spices… He found that pepper there was at much lower prices than those of Venice.可知，葡萄牙和西班牙探索新的亚洲香料贸易路线是为了寻找价格更低的香料，他们再以高价售卖，并从中获利。由此可知，葡萄牙和西班牙探索新的亚洲香料贸易路线是为了赚钱。故选B项。
3.How is the text mainly developed ( )
A
A.In time order. B.By analysing reasons.
C.By citing historical documents. D.According to the change of locations.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的in ancient times、第三段中的In the 6th century BC和第五段中的from the 8th to 15th century可知，文章主要是按时间顺序发展的。故选A项。
4.What is mainly talked about in this text ( )
C
A.The spice trade. B.The origin of spices. C.The history of spices. D.Legends about spices.
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了香料的发现、传播以及贸易发展等，这些都属于香料的历史范畴，由此可知，本文主要介绍了香料的历史。故选C项。
[广东深圳实验学校2023高二段测] &25& 体裁：说明文 &26& 题材：饮食文化 &27& 词数：222 &28& 难度：&29& &30& 建议用时：8分钟
If you're like most people, you're too busy eating pizza to stop and consider how it arrived on your
kitchen counter.1. . So why don't pizzas arrive in round cardboard boxes
It's mostly because the pizza industry doesn't really care to bother the cardboard industry.2. .
That's because they can be made in one piece as well as neatly piled.
The advantage of making a round pizza box would mainly be aesthetic.But it's not going to save
space over an edged box.3. . It's just bad pizza management.
4. . In the 1800s, street sellers carried pies in portable metal containers that kept them warm.When
pizza started rising in popularity in postwar America, pizzerias used a single piece of cardboard as
support and then slipped the pie into a paper bag.Eventually, corrugated cardboard （瓦楞纸板） kept a
fine balance between retaining heat without trapping too much moisture.
F
C
E
B
Will we ever see a radical rethink of the pizza box Some people have tried.In 2010, Apple filed
for a patent for a round pizza container with holes so moisture can escape.It's used in the company's
food courts.Another company, World Centric, designed a compostable round box in 2018 that can be
used to reheat pizza.A similar product was test-marketed by Pizza Hut in 2019.5. .
G
A.The pizza box has changed over time.
B.Pizza wasn't always put in square cardboard boxes.
C.Cardboard boxes are usually manufactured with edges.
D.Pizza boxes are designed to be square for the benefit of deliverymen.
E.If the boxes are piled vertically （垂直地）, pizzas run the risk of rolling out of place.
F.Think it long enough, though, and you may wonder why pies usually come in square boxes.
G.Although all the designs were claimed to keep pizzas warmer and crispier, none have become widespread.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了比萨饼不装在圆形纸板盒里的原因以及比萨饼盒的发展变化与创新。
1.___
F
解析 上文讲的是很少有人会考虑比萨饼是如何到达餐桌的，下文提出问题：为什么比萨饼不装在圆形纸板盒里？F项（但想得久了，你可能会好奇为什么比萨饼通常都装在方形盒子里）中的前半句Think it long enough, though体现了与上文的转折关系，后半句you may wonder why pies usually come in square boxes引出下文的“为什么比萨饼盒不是圆形的”这一话题。故选F项。
2.___
C
解析 空前指出比萨饼不装在圆形纸板盒里的原因，C项 （纸板盒通常是批量生产的有棱角的盒子）承接空前提到的the cardboard industry，指出纸板行业生产的纸板盒的形状特点；空后则解释了生产有棱角的纸板盒的原因：这样的盒子可以一次成型，而且也容易堆放整齐。故选C项。
3.___
E
解析 空前一句指出堆放圆形盒子并不比有棱角的盒子节省空间，E项 （如果竖着堆放这些盒子，比萨饼就会有滚走的风险）进一步介绍使用圆形盒子放比萨饼的弊端，空后指出E项提到的“比萨饼滚走”的后果，衔接紧密。故选E项。
4.___
B
解析 根据空后一句In the 1800s, street sellers carried pies in portable metal containers that kept them warm.可知，19世纪的街头小贩曾将比萨饼装在便携的金属容器中，再根据空后第二句When pizza started rising in popularity… slipped the pie into a paper bag.可知，设空处应指出比萨饼并不是一直装在方形纸盒里的，由此可排除A项，B项符合语境，空后的内容是对设空处的展开说明。故选B项。
5.___
G
解析 空前介绍了几款新的比萨饼盒设计，G项 （尽管所有的设计都声称可以让比萨饼保温更久、更酥脆，但没有一种设计被广泛使用）中的all the designs指代上文提到的那些设计，同时G项呼应文章第一段提出的问题——为什么比萨饼盛放在方形的纸板盒里，故选G项。
02
Period Ⅱ Learning About Language & Using Language
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It is our __________ （consist） policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.
consistent
解析 句意为：我们的一贯政策是通过和平手段实现统一。设空处作定语修饰policy，应用形容词。
2.It could threaten the peace and ________ （stable） of the region.
stability
解析 句意为：这可能威胁到该地区的和平与稳定。并列连词and前后的成分保持一致，应该填stable的名词形式，表示“稳定”，故填stability。
3.All the tea in China can be mainly divided into six __________ （category）—green, white, yellow,
oolong, black and dark tea.
categories
解析 句意为：中国所有的茶主要可以分为六类——绿茶、白茶、黄茶、乌龙茶、红茶和黑茶。category是可数名词，前有six修饰，所以应用复数形式。
4.They are building the dam ___ association with another firm.
in
解析 句意为：他们正在与另一家公司合作修建大坝。in association with 为固定搭配，意为“与……合作”。故填in。
5.Regardless ___ what his parents think, he is leaving home for a new job in a big city.
of
解析 句意为：不管他父母怎么想，他都要离开家到大城市去找一份新工作。regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”。故填of。
6.As we all know, water is fundamental ___ survival.
to
解析 句意为：众所周知，水是生存所必需的。 be fundamental to为固定搭配，意为“是……必不可少的”。故填to。
7.These children would play tricks ____ their teacher, usually making marks on the blackboard.
on
解析 句意为：这些孩子会和他们的老师开玩笑，通常是在黑板上做记号。play tricks on 为固定搭配，意为“捉弄；开……的玩笑”。
8.Mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrass are the three main coastal ecosystems that can store large
__________ （quantity） of “blue carbon”.
quantities
解析 句意为：红树林、潮汐沼泽和海草是可以储存大量“蓝碳”的三个主要沿海生态系统。large quantities of意为“大量的”，为固定短语，相当于a large quantity of。故填quantities。
9.There is increasing evidence _____ being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us.
that
解析 ______ being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us是同位语从句，设空处为引导词，从句不缺成分且句意完整，所以应用that。
10.By the time his parents arrived at the hospital, he _________________ （wheel） into the operating
room.
had been wheeled
解析 句意为：当他的父母到达医院时，他已被推进了手术室。设空处是主句谓语，wheel与主语he是被动关系，从句为一般过去时，此处表示“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时。故填had been wheeled。
根据提示补全句子。
1.因为垃圾食品是健康杀手，我们应该少吃。（cut）
Because junk food is a health killer, we should ____ ______ ____ ___.
cut
down
on
it
2.这种错误的信念诱使人们认为他们没有能力实现伟大的事业。（trick）
The false belief ______ _______ _____ ________ that they are not capable of achieving great things.
tricks
people
into
thinking
3.更简单地说，你应该重视均衡饮食和遵守饮食习惯，而不是为了减肥而不吃饭。（put）
____ ______ _______, you ought to attach importance to the balanced diet and observe the eating
routines instead of skipping meals for the sake of slimming down.
Put
more
simply
4.只有吃更绿色的食物，我们才能摄入充足的营养。（only引导的倒装句）
______ ____ _______ ________ _____ _____ ____ take in adequate nutrition.
Only
by
eating
greener
food
can
we
5.他刚开始他的演讲，观众就打断了他。（hardly）
_______ _____ ____ _______ ____ _______ when the audience interrupted him.
Hardly
had
he
begun
his
speech
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The hotel wasn't particularly good.But I ___________ （stay） in many worse hotels.
had stayed
解析 句意为：这家酒店不是很好。但我住过很多更差的酒店。stay与主语I之间是主动关系，“住在这家酒店”是过去发生的事情，“住过许多更差的酒店”是过去的过去，所以应用过去完成时。故填had stayed。
2.Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ________ （leave） my book in the café.
had left
解析 句意为：就在我到达学校门口时，我意识到我把书忘在咖啡馆了。realised是过去的动作，leave表示的动作发生在realised表示的动作之前，是过去的过去，应用过去完成时；leave与从句主语I之间是主动关系。故填had left。
3.Like other children, I waited on my eleventh birthday for an owl carrying a letter to inform me that I
_________________ （accept） into the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.
had been accepted
解析 句意为：和其他孩子一样，我在十一岁生日那天等着一只猫头鹰，它带着一封信告诉我我被霍格沃茨魔法学校录取了。accept与从句主语I之间是被动关系，且动作发生在主句谓语动词waited表示的动作之前，是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been accepted。
4.By the end of last year, a great many high-rise buildings _____________ （put） up in Xiao Li's
hometown.
had been put
解析 句意为：到去年年底，小李的家乡建起了许多高层大楼。put up与主语buildings之间是被动关系，且动作发生在去年年底之前，是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been put。
5.Since opening, the three-hour drive between Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao __________________
（shorten） to 30 minutes.
has been shortened
解析 句意为：自（港珠澳大桥）开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的三小时车程已缩短至30分钟。由时间状语Since opening可知，此处指的是从建成开通到现在，应用现在完成时；shorten与主语drive之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态；主语是第三人称单数，故填has been shortened。
6.I looked at all the homes he __________ （fix） and had to agree that he was indeed doing a good
job.
had fixed
解析 句意为：我看了看他修好的所有房子，不得不承认他确实做得很好。fix这一动作发生在looked这一动作之前，是过去的过去，所以应用过去完成时。fix与从句主语he之间是主动关系，故填had fixed。
7.After talking with her, I learnt that one of her children ______________ （send） back home from
school.
had been sent
解析 句意为：与她交谈后，我得知她的一个孩子从学校被送回了家。send与从句主语one of her children之间是被动关系，且send这一动作发生在learnt表示的动作之前，是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sent。
8.The twins, who ____________ （finish） their homework, were allowed to play outside.
had finished
解析 句意为：这对双胞胎完成了家庭作业，被允许去外面玩。“完成作业”发生在“允许去外面玩”之前，是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。finish与who（指代The twins）之间是主动关系，故填had finished。
9.It was the first time that China's lecture __________________ （deliver） from the orbiting Chinese
Space Station.
had been delivered
解析 句意为：这是中国首次在中国轨道空间站进行演讲。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型it is/was the first time that… has/had done sth，意为“这是……第一次做某事”，该句型中主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去完成时；分析句子结构可知，设空处作从句的谓语，deliver与从句主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填had been delivered。
&31& 体裁：说明文 &32& 题材：饮食与文化 &33& 词数：239 &34& 难度：&35& &36& 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever wondered why people from different countries eat different types of food There is
more of a connection between food 1. . culture than you may think.
On an individual level, we grow up 2. . （eat） the food of our culture.As adults, we find
that family 3. . （dish） often become the comfort food we seek 4. . a low point of our
lives.For instance, whenever I feel stressed, I remember the soup my mum made for me when I was
sick as a kid.In a way, food is 5. . expression of cultural identity.Immigrants cook traditional food as
a way of preserving their culture in their new homes.
and
eating
dishes
at
an
Each country's unique cuisine reflects its history, lifestyle and beliefs.In China, harmony is reflected
in Chinese cuisine, where almost every flavour is used in a 6. . （balance） way to create
delicious food.Also, 7. . （basic）, Chinese people have a historically elaborate （精心制作的）
style, 8. . can be seen in their architecture, costumes and food.In the US, the cuisine reflects its
history of immigration, which introduced many different cooking styles.Over the years, the US therefore
9. . （develop） a rich diversity in food preparation.
As the world becomes more globalised, it is 10. . （easy） to taste cuisines from different
cultures.We should embrace our heritage through our culture's food, but we should also become more
informed about other cultures by trying food from around the world.
balanced
basically
which
has developed/has been developing
easier
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物和文化之间的密切联系。
1._____
and
解析 句意为：食物和文化之间的联系比你想象的更密切。between… and… 意为“……与……之间”。故填and。
2._______
eating
解析 句意为：在个人层面上，我们是吃着自己文化中的食物长大的。本句中已有谓语grow up,与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处在此应是非谓语动词，句子主语we与eat之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故设空处应用现在分词作状语。故填eating。
3._______
dishes
解析 句意为：作为成年人，我们发现家常菜经常成为我们在生活低谷时寻求的能安慰我们的食物。dish意为“一道菜；菜肴”，为可数名词，根据从句谓语become可知，设空处应用可数名词复数形式，表示“不止一道菜”。故填dishes。
4.___
at
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据语境可知，此处指“在我们的生活处于低谷时”，固定短语at a low point of意为“在……最差的时候”，故填at。
5.____
an
解析 句意为：在某种程度上，食物是文化认同的一种表达。分析句子可知，此处泛指“一种表达”，故设空处应用不定冠词，expression的发音以元音音素开头，故设空处应用不定冠词an。
6._________
balanced
解析 句意为：在中国，和谐体现在中国烹饪中，几乎每种味道都以平衡的方式使用，以创造出美味的食物。此处修饰名词way，应用形容词，根据语境可知，此处表示“平衡的”。故填balanced。
7._________
basically
解析 句意为：此外，总的说来，中国人从历史上来说就有一种精致的风格，这可以从他们的建筑、服装和食物中看出。设空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词。故填basically。
【易错警示】basic的副词形式，不是直接在词尾加-ly,易产生拼写错误。 类似的易错的词还有：energetic—energetically；automatic—automatically；scientific—scientifically；economic—economically。
8._______
which
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a historically elaborate style，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
9._______________________________
has developed/has been developing
解析 句意为：因此，多年来，美国的食物制作形成了/一直在形成丰富的多样性。根据句意和句中的Over the years可知，句中动作开始于过去，并持续到现在，应用现在完成时，the US为单个国家名，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；此处也可理解为动作始于过去，并持续到现在，有可能一直延续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故填has developed/has been developing。
10.______
easier
解析 句意为：随着世界变得更加全球化，品尝来自不同文化的菜肴会更容易。根据语境可知，随着世界变得更加全球化，现在和过去相比，更容易品尝来自不同文化的菜肴，含比较意义,应用形容词的比较级。故填easier。
[安徽滁州部分学校2022高二联考] A
&37& 体裁：说明文 &38& 题材：文化传播 &39& 词数：340 &40& 难度：&41& &42& 建议用时：7分钟
Sunday Bakeshop in Oakland, California, makes foods that mix American and Asian cultures.The restaurant makes foods that are cooked or baked in an oven （烤箱）.Many of them are sweet.For example, the shop sells something called a dim sum cookie.It looks like a sugar cookie but has sesame （芝麻） seeds on top and sweetened red beans inside.Dim sum is a word for Cantonese foods from southern China.
The dim sum cookie is Elaine Lau's way of honouring her grandmother who would make a kind of food that had a similar taste.Lau's restaurant also makes Chinese White Rabbit candy cookies.Those sweets would not be found in any bakeries in Asia but are a mixture of Asian and Western foods.Lau said she speaks to Asian Americans and others at her store.She said, “We get a lot of comments, for example, ‘The cookies are just like little lovely kitties and puppies.’ ‘Oh this took me back to several years ago when I was growing up.’” She added that it was nice to create good memories and feelings with her pastries （油酥糕点）.
Bakeries that combine the feeling of growing-up Asians and Americans have been opening up more often in recent years.Traditional Asian ingredients are being mixed with European or American pastries into something new.The creations are a way for young Asian Americans to celebrate their identity.
“Older traditional Asian bakeries make foods that immigrants miss from their home country.The new bakeries celebrate Asian culture and are part of a natural progression,” said Robert Ku, who is an Asian-American studies professor at Binghamton University in New York State.He also wrote the book Dubious Gastronomy: The Cultural Politics of Eating Asian in the USA.
“The bakers are showing that their foods, which mix cultures, are just as American as apple pie.It's sort of the artistic side of Asian American identity that's often ignored,” Ku said.“They're instead really trying to fuse things together.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚裔美国人的面包店将亚洲饮食文化和西方饮食文化融合在一起，创造出新的食品。
1.What does Lau think of her work ( )
D
A.Tiring. B.Demanding. C.Confusing. D.Rewarding.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的She said, “We get a lot of comments, for example, ‘The cookies are just like little lovely kitties and puppies.’ ‘Oh this took me back to several years ago when I was growing up.’” She added that it was nice to create good memories and feelings with her pastries.可知，伊莱恩·劳收到很多评论，她的糕点给人们带来了美好的感觉，所以劳认为她的工作是值得做的。故选D项。
2.What are the older traditional Asian bakeries trying to do ( )
C
A.Create a new way of showing their identities. B.Celebrate the Asian culture in foreign countries.
C.Remind the immigrants of their hometown flavour.
D.Introduce young Asian Americans to new culture.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Older traditional Asian bakeries make foods that immigrants miss from their home country.可知，较古老的传统亚洲面包店试图让移民们想起家乡的味道。故选C项。
3.What does the underlined word “fuse” in the last paragraph mean ( )
A
A.Combine. B.Improve. C.Invent. D.Consume.
解析 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的The bakers are showing that their foods, which mix cultures, are just as American as apple pie.It's sort of the artistic side of Asian American identity that's often ignored和instead可知，尽管他们制作的食品极具美国特色，并没有帮助他们成功构建亚裔美国人的身份，但他们仍试图继续这一行为。结合上文所举的伊莱恩·劳的例子以及mix cultures可知，fuse在此意为“融合”，与combine同义。故选A项。
4.What is the suitable title for the text ( )
C
A.Asian American Cookies Become Americans' Favourite Food
B.A Variety of New Asian Foods Are Created by American Cooks
C.Asian American Bakeries Mix Together Cultures to Create New Foods
D.Traditional Asian Food Becomes Popular With American Young People
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第三段内容可知，文章讲述亚裔美国人的面包店将不同文化融合在一起，创造出新的食品。因此C项（亚裔美国人的面包店将各种文化融合在一起，创造出新的食品）适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
[全国乙2022] B
&43& 体裁：说明文 &44& 题材：介绍说明 &45& 词数：324 &46& 难度：&47& &48& 建议用时：8分钟
The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury.However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制造商） so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities （设施） and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
【语篇导读】2016年首次宣布实施糖税的目的是帮助减少儿童肥胖，但是最初糖税的实施为政府所带来的收入比预计的少。这是因为一部分商家为避税，降低了饮料中的含糖量。但也有一部分公司害怕惹恼消费者，而选择了接受该纳税款项。如今的数据显示，糖税正在发挥着积极作用，帮助下一代健康成长。
1.Why was the sugar tax introduced ( )
C
A.To collect money for schools. B.To improve the quality of drinks.
C.To protect children's health. D.To encourage research in education.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的the tax… was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity可知，糖税的推出是为了减少儿童肥胖，即保护儿童的身体健康。故选C项。
2.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax ( )
D
A.They turned to overseas markets. B.They raised the prices of their products.
C.They cut down on their production. D.They reduced their products' sugar content.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.可知，一些饮料制造商通过降低饮料中的含糖量来避免缴纳税款。故选D项。
3.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected ( )
D
A.Most alcoholic drinks. B.Milk-based drinks. C.Fruit juices. D.Classic Coke.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的However，some high sugar brands，like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax可知，可口可乐公司需要缴纳糖税。故选D项。
4.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy ( )
B
A.It is a short-sighted decision. B.It is a success story.
C.It benefits manufacturers. D.It upsets customers.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，如今糖税的实施为学校体育设施的建设和健康的饮食筹集了资金，有助于下一代健康成长，由此可推知，糖税的实施是很成功的。故选B项。
[湖南怀化2022高二期中] &49& 体裁：说明文 &50& 题材：健康饮食 &51& 词数：219 &52& 难度：&53& &54& 建议用时：12分钟
Many Chinese people used to . .1. . each other with “Have you had your meal ” to show their friendliness.Recently, a new greeting has become . .2. . in many Chinese cities, namely “Have you . .3. . weight ”
Chen Xin, a manager of a media company in Hangzhou, has . .4. . his friends after successfully getting . .5. ..“Following instructions from my nutritionist, I went on a . .6. . and lost 10 kg,” Chen said with a（n） . .7. . smile.
In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing fast and entering every corner of Chinese cities.Also, Chinese people can . .8. . buy foods from all over the world.But people are paying more and more attention to their . .9. ..More people are becoming . .10. . with various terms, such as “low calories” “sugar cut-off” and “light food”.
“I used to eat a lot of unhealthy food, which brought me much . .11. .,” Chen said.“Now my health indicators （指标） are becoming . .12. ., and I can feel that my body is in good . .13. . again.”
Chen is not alone.Many Chinese are troubled by “diseases of . .14. .”, including obesity and high blood pressure, as the quality of life has greatly . .15. . over the past decades.Most people need to worry about whether they have a healthy diet, rather than whether they have enough food.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。近年来随着中国人的生活水平大幅提高，大家不再担心食物是否充足，而是越来越注重健康饮食和身体健康。
1.( )A.ask B.question C.tell D.greet
D
解析 根据下一句中的a new greeting（一种新的问候）可知，此处意为“问候”，故选D项。
2.( )A.important B.necessary C.popular D.usual
C
解析 根据空后的in many Chinese cities 可推知，这种问候语很流行，故选C项。
3.( )A.cut B.lost C.caught D.gained
B
解析 根据下文I went on a _____ and lost 10 kg可知，此处指“减肥”，短语lose weight意为“减肥”。
4.( )A.surprised B.excited C.frightened D.confused
A
解析 根据下文I went on a _____ and lost 10 kg可知，他瘦了10千克这件事让他的朋友们很惊讶。
5.( )A.fatter B.fitter C.slimmer D.stronger
C
解析 根据下文提到的lost 10 kg可知，他变得更瘦了，故选C项。
6.( )A.diet B.walk C.sport D.food
A
解析 根据下文lost 10 kg可知，他按照营养师的指导进行节食之后瘦了10千克。短语go on a diet意为“节食”，故选A项。
7.( )A.crazy B.curious C.interested D.satisfied
D
解析 根据上文他瘦了10千克可推知，他说这些话时带着满意的微笑，故选D项。
8.( )A.hardly B.simply C.easily D.quickly
C
解析 根据前一句In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing fast and entering every corner of Chinese cities.可知，近年来食物递送服务快速发展，中国人可以容易地购买来自世界各地的食物，故选C项。
9.( )A.mind B.body C.wealth D.health
D
解析 根据下一句提到的术语“low calories” “sugar cut-off” and “light food”（“低卡路里”“不含糖”和“轻食”）可知，中国人越来越关注自己的健康，故选D项。
10.( )A.patient B.familiar C.bored D.generous
B
解析 上文提到中国人越来越关注自己的健康，所以他们对这些术语应该是越来越熟悉，故选B项。
11.( )A.exercise B.information C.trouble D.difficulty
C
解析 根据上文eat a lot of unhealthy food（吃很多不健康的食物）可推知，这给他带来了很多麻烦，故选C项。
12.( )A.formal B.normal C.high D.low
B
解析 根据空后的good可知，他的健康指标恢复正常了，故选B项。
13.( )A.faith B.level C.environment D.condition
D
解析 根据第二段的lost 10 kg, smile和空前的good可知，他感觉身体处于良好状态。短语in good condition意为“处于良好状态”，故选D项。
14.( )A.richness B.ageing C.poverty D.addiction
A
解析 根据空后的including obesity and high blood pressure, as the quality of life has greatly _____ over the past decades可知，此处指的是“富贵病”，故选A项。
15.( )A.processed B.improved C.changed D.enlarged
B
解析 根据空前的obesity and high blood pressure可知，中国人的生活质量大幅提高，故选B项。
03
单元限时小卷
建议用时：56分钟
[浙江湖州三贤联盟2023高二期中联考] &55& 体裁：议论文 &56& 题材：公益活动 &57& 词数：316 &58& 难度：&59& &60& 建议用时：8分钟
When you buy something for yourself, you probably spend hours shopping around for the best deal on the highest quality product.Some of you may even desire to know how a brand operates in a company.However, when we donate money to one of the countless charities out there, most of us don't conduct such research.We have absolutely no idea about where that money goes, what it buys or who it helps.At least that is the case for the majority of charities.Perhaps you should start to take a greater interest in the winding path that your charitable donations take, because many of them may lead to dead ends.
You really should ask the question: Will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause Sometimes it makes matters worse.For example, many charities help African people install （安装） water pumps to deliver clean water to their communities.Money has been invested over the past 20 years
to install a total of 60,000 pumps across sub-Saharan Africa.However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point.They have been left there, like expensive but useless decorations.
One of the least effective means of giving is when charity sends endless shipping containers full of material goods to underdeveloped nations.For instance, Kenya imports more than 100,000 tons of clothes from global charities each year.The issue is that these mountains of regularly imported clothes have completely destroyed local textile （纺织品） industries, which have previously supported local economies.
Ultimately, to whom and how much you give is your choice.It is important to provide highly specialised services instead of material goods.As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了慈善捐助应该切实符合受捐赠者的需要，这样才算是真正有帮助和有意义的捐助。
1.What do most people do when they donate ( )
B
A.They keep track of their donations. B.They ignore the process of charities.
C.They select products of the highest quality. D.They do research on application of funds.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的We have absolutely no idea about where that money goes, what it buys or who it helps.At least that is the case for the majority of charities.可知，许多人捐款的时候并没有研究捐的钱去了哪里，买了什么，帮助了谁等这些问题，即忽视了慈善机构的运作流程。故选B项。
2.Why is the example of water pumps mentioned in Paragraph 2 ( )
C
A.To stress effective giving. B.To show a false investment.
C.To confirm a charitable failure. D.To complain the pumps' quality.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60,000 pumps across sub-Saharan Africa.However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point.They have been left there, like expensive but useless decorations.可知，提到许多慈善机构帮助撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲地区安装水泵的例子是为了证实有些慈善捐款并未真正提供帮助。故选C项。
3.Which view will the author most probably agree with ( )
A
A.Donations should meet local demands. B.Ineffective charities must be abandoned.
C.Material goods can boost the textile industry. D.Specialised services turn out satisfactory.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.可知，在作者看来，慈善捐助应该满足受捐赠者的需求。故选A项。
4.Which is the best title for the passage ( )
D
A.Has Your Donation Hit a Dead End B.Why Should You Make a Donation
C.Where Does Your Donation Take Its Way D.Will Your Donation to Charity Really Help
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的You really should ask the question: Will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause 和最后一段中的As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.可知，慈善捐助应该切实符合受捐赠者的需要。D选项“你向慈善事业的捐赠真的有帮助吗？”最适合做本文的标题。故选D项。
[湖北武汉一中2023高二月考] &61& 体裁：说明文 &62& 题材：历史知识 &63& 词数：248 &64& 难度：&65& &66& 建议用时：8分钟
Entering a university is an important part of a person's life.Today, many people go to a university
to study and train for a future job in subjects like law, medicine or education.1. . An important one
started in Egypt over one thousand years ago.
One of the world's oldest surviving university, Al-Azhar, is in Cairo, Egypt.It was first built as a
mosque for religion in 972.A few years later, learners and teachers began meeting in the mosque.They
read and talked about the subject of religion and law.2. . Leaders in the city of Cairo decided to
create a school for higher learning and soon after that, Al-Azhar University was founded.
E
D
3. . For these teachers at Al-Azhar, they needed to think about what courses to teach and how to
teach them.The earliest courses were in law and religion.In a course, students read and studied with the
teachers, but there was also free discussion.Often, students and teachers had interesting discussions, and
there was no “right” answer.In the years that followed, the new university interested scholars from
around the world.4. . At Al-Azhar, people studied the past, but it was also a place for sharing new
ideas.
Over a thousand years later, Al-Azhar is still an important university in the world.5. . Today,
many of the world's most important universities such as Oxford and Harvard still follow the same
traditions as they do at Al-Azhar.
A
B
G
A.A university was a new idea at that time.
B.They came here to teach and do research.
C.There are many reasons to study in Egypt.
D.Around the year 988, a new decision was made.
E.However, the university is not a modern invention.
F.The cost of university education is increasing year by year.
G.Its library contains many of the world's oldest and most valuable books.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上成立最早的大学之一爱资哈尔大学的位置、创建以及它的影响力和地位。
1.___
E
解析 空前的Today, many people go to a university to study and train for a future job in subjects like law, medicine or education.讲的是现在人们去上大学的情况，空后的An important one started in Egypt over one thousand years ago.讲的是一所重要的大学于一千多年前在埃及创办，所以此空应起到承上启下的作用。E项指出大学不是现代的一个发明，承接上文，且与下文衔接紧密。E项中的modern与空后的over one thousand years ago是对应关系。故选E项。
2.___
D
解析 根据空前内容和空后的Leaders in the city of Cairo decided to create a school for higher learning and soon after that, Al-Azhar University was founded.可知，设空处应承接上文并引出下文的决定。D项中的decision与空后的decided相呼应。故选D项。
3.___
A
解析 根据设空处后提到爱资哈尔大学的老师需要思考教什么课程以及如何去教可知，设空处应解释出现这种情况的原因，再结合选项可知，A项（大学在当时是一个新的想法）与空后内容衔接紧密，符合语境。故选A项。
4.___
B
解析 根据空前的In the years that followed, the new university interested scholars from around the world.可知，设空处应解释这些学者来到这所大学所做的事情。B项符合语境，其中的They指代空前的scholars。故选B项。
5.___
G
解析 根据空前的Over a thousand years later, Al-Azhar is still an important university in the world.可知，本段主要介绍这所大学的影响力。G项（它的图书馆收藏了许多世界上最古老、最有价值的书籍）符合语境。故选G项。
&67& 体裁：议论文 &68& 题材：社会现象 &69& 词数：253 &70& 难度：&71& &72& 建议用时：13分钟
Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating My friend Stella is such an example.Every time we went to a restaurant, she would not take a bite until all the dishes we . .1. . were on the table.Then she would spend five minutes in . .2. . the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact. .3. . order.Then came the most important part: taking pictures.After that, she would choose one of the . .4. . and click in the filter （滤镜） app.The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no . .5. . to really enjoy it—it all went cold.Actually Stella's real life is much less elegant.For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days.
Many people care too much about others' opinions and try too hard to . .6. . others.They find it hard to be . .7. . and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their . .8. . life on social media.What they are trying to prove is . .9. . what they lack in reality.But this will not bring any . .10. . to reality, as they still . .11. . the same old pattern of life.
If they really want an elegant life, they should put more . .12. . into achieving it . .13. . fabricating （捏造） it.Being more confident, . .14. . themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than . .15. . their life on social media.
【语篇导读】现在一些人在社交媒体上过度美化自己的生活，作者认为这是不自信、不敢接受自己造成的。如果想要优雅的生活，他们应该更加努力，而不是制造假象。
1.( )A.ordered B.served C.offered D.prepared
A
解析 we _____ 作dishes的定语，由空前的restaurant可知作者和朋友是在饭店吃饭，所以此处指点的菜被端上桌。order在此处意为“点（食物或饮料）”。故选A项。
2.( )A.cooking B.washing C.setting D.collecting
C
解析 由下文Then came the most important part: taking pictures.可知，她要先摆好菜品，然后拍照。故选C项。
3.( )A.messy B.arranged C.casual D.missed
B
解析 but表示转折，此处应选择与random含义相反的词，指以一种看似随意实则是布置好的顺序摆放菜品。messy意为“杂乱的”；arrange意为“安排；布置”；casual意为“随便的”；miss意为“错过”。故选B项。
4.( )A.dishes B.restaurants C.tables D.pictures
D
解析 由上文taking pictures可知，拍完照要从照片中选择一张，此处为原词复现。故选D项。
5.( )A.chance B.choice C.excuse D.reason
A
解析 由下文it all went cold并结合上文可知，因为有人拍照，所以食物变凉，使大家没机会好好享用美食。故选A项。
6.( )A.comfort B.please C.inspire D.discourage
B
解析 空前的care too much about others' opinions表明很多人太在乎别人的观点，此处为进一步说明如何在乎，即努力取悦别人。故选B项。
7.( )A.independent B.generous C.responsible D.confident
D
解析 根据空后的to accept themselves和afraid to show their _____ life可推测，此处表示他们发现自信很困难并且难以接受自己。independent意为“独立的”；generous意为“慷慨的”；responsible意为“负责的”；confident意为“自信的”。故选D项。
8.( )A.real B.secret C.peaceful D.healthy
A
解析 上文指出他们发现自信很困难并且难以接受自己，由空前的thus可知此处为上述内容的结果，表示他们不敢在社交媒体上展示他们真实的生活。故选A项。
9.( )A.rarely B.hardly C.exactly D.nearly
C
解析 根据空后的what they lack in reality可知，此处是指他们在社交媒体上展示的东西恰好是自己现实生活中缺乏的东西。故选C项。
10.( )A.difficulty B.change C.guidance D.harm
B
解析 But表明此句与上文是转折关系。上文讲的是他们在社交媒体上展示的东西恰好是自己现实生活中缺乏的东西，所以此句表示但是他们的现实生活并没有改变。故选B项。
11.( )A.question B.dislike C.doubt D.follow
D
解析 根据still和the same可知，此处指他们依旧按照原来的方式生活。follow意为“遵循”。故选D项。
12.( )A.effort B.ambition C.knowledge D.money
A
解析 根据常识可知，想要美好的生活，就必须付出努力。故选A项。
13.( )A.other than B.more than C.rather than D.less than
C
解析 此空前后是对比关系，此处表示如果想要美好的生活，就必须付出努力实现它而不是捏造它。rather than意为“而不是”，连接并列成分。故选C项。
14.( )A.identifying B.accepting C.persuading D.amusing
B
解析 由上文中的They find it hard to… accept themselves可知，此空为原词复现，此句表示，更加自信、接受自己并尽力变得更好比在社交媒体上美化他们的生活更加有意义。identify意为“识别”；persuade意为“说服”；amuse意为“使高兴”。故选B项。
15.( )A.simplifying B.ruining C.beautifying D.worsening
C
解析 根据第一段中的she would choose one of the _____ and click in the filter app可知，他们在把照片上传到社交媒体上之前要对照片进行美化，故此处指在社交媒体上“美化”自己的生活。simplify意为“使简化”；ruin意为“毁掉”；beautify意为“美化”；worsen意为“使恶化”。故选C项。
[河北石家庄二中2023高二月考] &73& 体裁：说明文 &74& 题材：历史知识 &75& 词数：214 &76& 难度：&77& &78& 建议用时：7分钟
A fan can drive summer heat away and help bring a cool breeze （微风）.It also can be used as
1. . decoration.China has always been regarded as “the kingdom of fans”.2. . ancient times, the
Chinese fan has been carrying artistic and unique 3. . （nation） style.
The fan first appeared in China about 3,000 years ago, around the Shang Dynasty.In the early
period, the fan was called “the fan of honour”, 4. . （serve） as the symbol of etiquette （礼
仪）.
After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the main 5. . （shape） of fans were square, round and
hexagon （成六边形的）.The materials used to make fans 6. . （be） mainly silk.People called the
silk fans “court fans” because they were often used in royal court.The person 7. . held the silk
fan always looked gentle.
a
Since
national
serving
shapes
were
who/that
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the common fans were round fans, feather fans, and some
paper fans.The folding fan 8. . （gradual） became popular after the Song Dynasty.In the Ming
and Qing Dynasties, the folding fan was popular in Zhejiang, Suzhou and Sichuan.Then the
9. . （popular） of writing poems and drawing pictures on the cover of a fan was rising.Later,
this skill 10. . （introduce） to Europe and other parts of the world.
gradually
popularity
was introduced
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关中国扇子的历史。
1.___
a
解析 根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，意为“一种装饰品”，应用不定冠词。故填a。
2.______
Since
解析 句意为：中国扇子自古以来就承载着艺术和独特的民族风格。分析句子结构可知，_____ ancient times在句中作时间状语，空后为名词短语ancient times，设空处应填介词；根据句子谓语has been carrying可知，此处与现在完成进行时搭配使用，表示“自……以来”，故填Since。
【易错警示】此题易误填In。考生易根据常用搭配in ancient times填In。in ancient times意为“在古代”，句子应该用一般过去时。但此句的谓语为现在完成进行时，since意为“自……以来”，常与完成时态连用。
3.________
national
解析 句意见上一题解析。修饰名词style应用形容词national作定语。故填national。
4.________
serving
解析 句意为：在早期，扇子被称为“荣誉之扇”，是礼仪的象征。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语was called，所以设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，句子主语the fan和serve之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填serving。
5._______
shapes
解析 句意为：秦汉以后，扇子的形状主要有方形、圆形和六边形。由空前的main和空后的of可知，设空处应填名词作主语；再由谓语动词were可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填shapes。
6.______
were
解析 句意为：用于制作扇子的材料主要是丝绸。used to make fans为主语The materials的定语。此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语为The materials，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were。
7._________
who/that
解析 句意为：拿着丝扇的人总是显得很温柔。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为The person，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导该从句。故填who/that。
8._________
gradually
解析 句意为：宋朝以后，折扇逐渐流行起来。修饰动词became应用副词，作状语。故填gradually。
9.__________
popularity
解析 句意为：后来，在扇子上写诗和画画越来越受欢迎。由空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，设空处应填名词，popularity意为“流行；受欢迎”，表抽象概念，不可数。故填popularity。
10.______________
was introduced
解析 句意为：后来，这个技能被引入欧洲和世界其他地方。此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语this skill和introduce之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was introduced。
&79& 难度：&80& &81& 建议用时：20分钟
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
No Time
With a broad smile on her lips, 15-year-old Sirin rushed to her mum to show off her new painting.But Mum raised her eyebrows with eyes wide-open, and spoke in an impatient tone, “No time, baby.Right now I am busy with an important talk.Just wait for some time, OK ”
Holding her oil painting, she frowned （皱眉）, and then searched for her dad.
“Dad, see what I have done,” Sirin announced aloud in a thrilling voice.Her dad turned around while adjusting his tie, grinned at her, and showed his thumbs up!
Immediately, Sirin replied angrily, “Dad, you haven't seen it yet.”
He smiled at her saying, “No time, baby.I will see it later.” He just patted her back lovingly, kissed her forehead, and rushed for his office.
She was not a kid to be pleased with a simple gesture or smile.She stood there for a few seconds, and then stormed into her own bedroom.Hot air was blowing from her nostrils （鼻孔）; her face turned into apple red.She threw the painting on the table, slammed （把……砰地关上） the door and threw herself on her bed.
“Why is everybody so busy ” She recalled thousands of incidents that hurt her in pre-school, middle school and even in high school too! She assumed at least her own family members would give some values to her thoughts, but they were no exception.Unconsciously, her eyes were filled with tears.
The knocking sound on the door put a sudden brake on her thought.Her mum was calling her for dinner.Sirin deliberately came late to join them.She kept silent and didn't look at anyone, scratching the table mat with her nails.Her mum was puzzled at her unusual behaviour.Suddenly, the morning incident crossed her mind.Softly, she asked, “Honey, did I do anything wrong ”
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist her anger.____
When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall.____
【写作提示】
1.材料导读
材料大意 15岁的西林嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，跑到爸爸妈妈面前炫耀她的新画作。
但是爸爸妈妈并没有给予真正的关注和欣赏，而是不耐烦地表示没有时
间。这让西林非常生气。
故事主题 青少年与父母的关系以及相处方式。
主要角色 西林（15岁的女孩）、西林的爸爸妈妈（总是忙着做自己的事情而忽略
西林的感受）
写作顺序 时间顺序
主要矛盾/需要解决的问题 西林因父母的敷衍态度而生气；妈妈察觉到西林生气之后的表现。
2.续写分析
续写第一段（提示句：就在这一刻， 西林再也忍不住自己的愤怒。） 根据续写第一段首句提示，可以围绕西林开始发泄自己的愤怒情
绪展开构思。
续写第二段（提示句：第二天从学校 回来时，西林惊讶地看到墙上挂着她 的装饰精美的画。） 根据所给材料和续写第一段的提示，并结合续写第二段首句可以
推知，西林发泄自己的情绪后，爸爸妈妈可能意识到他们忽略了
西林的感受，所以把她的画装饰得很漂亮，并挂在墙上。续写第
二段可以围绕西林与爸爸妈妈的进一步交流展开构思。
情感变化 西林：开始发怒，宣泄情绪——发泄之后更加生气——看到画作
之后的激动心情——感谢父母并道歉
爸爸妈妈：看到西林发火之后的震惊与理解——装饰画作时因女
儿而自豪的心情
3.提分词句
assume, feel proud of, appreciate, throw her arms around her tightly, burst out crying, aware of, tears streaming down（独立主格结构）， Shocked（形容词作状语）， announcing regretfully and firmly（现在分词作状语），On seeing it（时间状语）， It dawned on them that… （It为形式主语，that从句为真正主语）。
【参考范文】
At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist her anger.“Why is everybody so busy ” she roared, tears streaming down.She assumed that her mum and dad would feel proud of her great talent, would appreciate her painting but she was disgusted with everybody having “no time” for her.“I hate you!” She screamed, grabbed the painting on the table and tore it in half.Shocked, Mum threw her arms around her tightly, announcing regretfully and firmly, “Baby, I am so sorry! I promise this mistake will not be repeated.”
When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall.It was beautifully framed and just below the painting, it was written “We are so proud of you, our little angel!” On seeing it, she burst out crying.She ran to her mum and embraced her tightly as well, fully aware of her mum's love.Recalling her mum's stress from work and daily life, she was regretful about her previous behaviour.She ducked her head, apologising, “Sorry, Mum!” It dawned on them that though everything came and went, mutual understanding would stay forever in their family.
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.take a bite 吃一口
2.elegant adj.雅致的；讲究的；优雅的
进阶词汇
1.winding adj.弯曲的；蜿蜒的
2.charitable adj.慈善的；慈善事业的
3.dead end 死胡同；绝境
4.ultimately adv.最后；最终
5.as a general rule of thumb 一般来说；按照实际经验
熟词生义cause 熟义：n.起因 vt.引起 生义：n.事业