外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 1 Laugh out loud!Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas必刷题 课件(共87张PPT)

(共87张PPT)
选择性必修第一册
Unit 1 Laugh out loud!
01
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of _____________
（entertain）.
entertainment
解析 句意为：另一种反对电视的论点是它作为一种娱乐形式替代了阅读。of为介词，其后应跟名词作宾语。a form of entertainment意为“一种娱乐形式”。
2.Though ______________ （advertise） are of great help, I don't think we should completely rely on
them.
advertisements
解析 句意为：虽然广告很有帮助，但我认为我们不应该完全依赖它们。Though引导让步状语从句，设空处后为系动词are，故应用名词复数形式作主语。
3.Sometimes, when I am very productive in my job, my _________ （employ） gives me a pat on the
back.
employer
解析 句意为：有时候我工作特别高效的时候，我的老板会称赞我。设空处前面有形容词性物主代词my修饰，设空处在主句中作主语，主句的谓语是第三人称单数形式，主句主语应该用名词单数。
4.Doing some simple cleaning in the morning, to me, is a source of ___________ （amuse）, frankly.
amusement
解析 句意为：坦率地说，对我来说，早上做一些简单的打扫是快乐的源泉。设空处作介词of的宾语，此处指“快乐的源泉”，应用名词。
5.He had a second ____________ （examine） and was declared unfit for duty.
examination
解析 句意为：他接受了第二次检查，被告知不宜上班。设空处前有a second修饰，应用名词单数。
6.A tasty dinner can cheer you ____ after a tiring day.
up
解析 句意为：累了一天之后，一顿美味的晚餐能让你高兴起来。cheer up为固定搭配，意为“（使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来”。
7.She shouted out ___ pain when she tried to move her injured leg.
in
解析 句意为：当她想移动她那条受伤的腿时，她疼得大声叫起来。in pain 为固定搭配，意为“感到疼痛”。
8.The app is specifically designed ____ use in schools.
for
解析 句意为：这款应用程序是专门为在学校使用而设计的。be designed for为固定搭配，意为“专门为……设计或准备的”。
9.They sat in the hall, _________ （watch） the performance by their son.
watching
解析 句意为：他们坐在大厅里看儿子的表演。句中已经有谓语动词sat，且与设空处之间没有连词连接，故应用非谓语形式；watch和句子主语They之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。
10._________ （cross） the Atlantic by plane takes only a few hours nowadays.
Crossing
解析 句意为：如今，坐飞机横跨大西洋只需要几个小时。句子中的谓语动词为takes，takes前面的成分作主语，表示经常的、一般性的动作，应用动名词。
根据提示补全句子。
1.我们值得拥有去追寻我们自己的梦想并靠我们自己学习的机会。（deserve）
We ________ ____ _______ ___chase our own dreams and learn on our own.
deserve
the
chance
to
2.许多国家正在修建国家公园，里面的动植物都会受到保护。（定语从句）
Many countries are now setting up national parks, _______ ________ _____ _______ _____ ____
_________.
where
animals
and
plants
will
be
protected
解析 逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为national parks，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该从句。
3.这项在线服务旨在帮助房屋买卖双方通过移动设备进行沟通。（design）
The online service ___ _________ ___ _____ home buyers and sellers communicate via mobile devices.
is
designed
to
help
4.有时用合适的洗发水会有效果。（trick）
Sometimes using the right shampoo _____ ____ ____ _____.
will
do
the
trick
5.我认为我们在节约能源方面做得不够好。（job）
I don't think we have ______ ___ ______ ____ ___ _______ energy.
done
a
great
job
in
saving
6.通常，亲密的友谊会帮助我们铺平时而坎坷的道路，那是我们都注定要走的路。
______ ______ _____ ____, a close friendship will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we
are all meant to travel.
More
often
than
not
&1& 体裁：记叙文 &2& 题材：个人经历 &3& 词数：189 &4& 难度：&5& &6& 建议用时：6分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Best Medicine
As I enter the hospital in my white coat, I look just like any other doctor.When I put on my curly
rainbow wig, big red nose, 1. . add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”, I become a
clown doctor.2. . （be） a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
Scientific studies show that laughter 3. . （produce） chemicals to make people feel better,
4. . proves the necessity and importance of clown doctors.We clowns are specially trained to get
involved in a project that 5. . （know） as “hospital clowning”.We do magic tricks, sing
songs, and tell stories and silly jokes.These are all the routines contributing 6. . cheering up patients,
their families, and usually the hospital staff, too! 7. ., some children don't want to laugh,
especially if their bodies are 8. . （pain）.We have to be very sensitive and work closely with
the doctors and nurses, who keep us 9. . （update） on each patient.While there are patients
going to hospital every day, we will try to make 10. . （we） the source of their happiness.I
am deeply convinced that “laughter is the best medicine”.
and
Being
produces
which
is known
to
However
painful
updated
ourselves
1._____
and
解析 分析句子结构可知，此处为主从复合句，put on和add为When引导的时间状语从句中的并列谓语，此处表示并列顺承关系，应用and连接并列成分。
2._______
Being
解析 _______ a clown doctor在句中作主语，此处表示一般的、抽象性的动作，设空处应用动名词形式。故填Being。
3._________
produces
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句的时态并结合语境可知，此处为陈述客观性事实，应用一般现在时；宾语从句的主语为laughter，为不可数名词，从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填produces。
4._______
which
解析 此处考查定语从句，定语从句缺少主语，关系词指代前面的that引导的宾语从句，故填which。
5.__________
is known
解析 定语从句引导词that指代project，与动词know之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
6.___
to
解析 contribute to 为固定短语，意为“有助于”。
7._________
However
解析 上下文之间是转折关系，设空处与后面用逗号隔开，故填副词However。
8._______
painful
解析 此处作表语，应用形容词。
9.________
updated
解析 此处作keep的宾语补足语，us与update之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用“keep+sb+过去分词”结构。
10._________
ourselves
解析 make位于主句中，主句的主语是we，此处指“使我们自己”，所以用反身代词。
刷语法填空
&7& 体裁：说明文 &8& 题材：介绍说明 &9& 词数：150 &10& 难度：&11& &12& 建议用时：6分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stand-up is one of the most well-known and well-loved types of comedy.In observational comedy,
the comedians make jokes about 1. . （humour） things they have observed in everyday
life.Prop comedians use props to tell their jokes, physical comedians make use 2. . their bodies to
make jokes
3. . impressionist comedians act or speak like a well-known person, 4. . is called doing an
impression of the person.
Billy Crystal is one of the famous stand-up 5. . （comedian）.He has also become famous
as a film and television actor later on in life.His popularity with all age groups and his ability
6. . （amuse） people all over the world prove that stand-up can 7. . （enjoy） by
everyone.
Doctors 8. . （research） the effect stand-up and other forms of comedy have on people
have discovered that people who laugh a lot live 9. . （long） than those who do not.This agrees
with the English 10. . （say） “Laughter is the best medicine.”
humorous
of
and
which
comedians
to amuse
be enjoyed
researching
longer
saying
【语篇导读】本文介绍了单口喜剧表演，并且说明了喜剧对健康的积极作用。
1.__________
humorous
解析 句意为：在观察式喜剧中，喜剧演员会开一些他们在日常生活中观察到的有趣事情的玩笑。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词，修饰名词things。humour的形容词为humorous，意为“幽默的；搞笑的”。
2.___
of
解析 此处是说肢体喜剧演员会利用他们的身体来逗乐观众。固定短语make use of 意为“利用”。
3._____
and
解析 分析句子结构可知，该句是由三个并列的句子组成的，设空前后为并列的关系，故填and。不能填while（用于强调两种情况之间的差别）。
4._______
which
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代空前的impressionist comedians act or speak like a well-known person整个句子，并在从句中作主语，应填which。
5.__________
comedians
解析 句意为：比利·克里斯特尔是著名的单口喜剧演员之一。“one of+the+形容词+可数名词复数”意为“……之一”。故此处填可数名词复数。
6._________
to amuse
解析 句意为：他深受各年龄层的人们的欢迎，而且他有逗乐全世界观众的能力，这都证明单口喜剧表演可以深受每一个人的喜爱。one's ability to do sth 意为“某人做某事的能力”。
7.___________
be enjoyed
解析 句意见上一题解析。can与设空处构成that 引导的宾语从句中的谓语，情态动词can后要用动词原形，且表示“被喜欢”，应用被动语态，故填be enjoyed。
8.___________
researching
解析 句意为：研究单口喜剧和其他形式的喜剧带给人们的影响的医生发现，爱笑的人要比不爱笑的人活得更久一些。分析句子结构可知， 本句的谓语是have discovered，因此设空处应用非谓语形式。Doctors 是本句的主语，且与research之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作Doctors的后置定语，故填researching。
9._______
longer
解析 句意见上一题解析。由than可知此处应填long的比较级longer。
10._______
saying
解析 句意为：这正印证了那句英语谚语“笑是灵丹妙药”。设空处指空后的谚语，定冠词the后面应接名词（短语），故填saying，意为“谚语；名言”。
A
&13& 体裁：说明文 &14& 题材：社会文化 &15& 词数：294 &16& 难度：&17& &18& 建议用时：7分钟
The British are known for their sense of humour.However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point is to remember that the British often use understatement.
Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.For example, if someone gets very wet in the rain, he might say, “It's a little damp （潮湿的） outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She is very friendly!” Understatement is often used in unpleasant situations to make someone look silly.Understatement plays an important part in British humour.
Another key to understanding British humour is to know that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to their everyday life, for example, when someone accidentally falls over in the street.They also like to make
jokes about people from different classes of society.They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave.What's more, the British love to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave in society.The comedy series Mr.Bean is a good example of this kind of humour.Mr.Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990.
Mr.Bean doesn't talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.Perhaps what makes Mr.Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do.Mr.Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour.Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何理解英式幽默。
1.Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes ( )
C
A.The British often enlarge the fact.
B.British jokes are connected with many different cultures.
C.The British try to make out that something is less serious than it is.
D.British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The main point is to remember that the British often use understatement.及第二段中的Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.可知，英国人经常使用低调说法，低调说法意味着说的话比你想的或感觉到的要少，所以外国人很难理解英国笑话是因为英国人总是试图让别人觉得事情没有那么严重。故选C项。
2.How does the author explain understatement ( )
A
A.By using examples. B.By making comparisons.
C.By following time order. D.By describing a process.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的For example, if someone gets very wet in the rain, he might say, “It's a little damp outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She is very friendly!”可知，作者是通过举例来解释低调说法的。故选A项。
3.How does Mr.Bean make people laugh ( )
D
A.By telling funny stories. B.By making jokes about others' accents.
C.By copying how others behave. D.By using body movements and facial expressions.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Mr.Bean doesn't talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.可知，憨豆先生是通过肢体动作和面部表情使人发笑的。故选D项。
4.What can be the best title for the text ( )
D
A.British Humour in Comedy B.Humour in Different Cultures
C.Developing Your Sense of Humour D.Understanding British Humour
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point is to remember that the British often use understatement.及第三段中的Another key to understanding British humour is to know that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.可知，本文主要介绍的是如何理解英式幽默，故选D项。
长难句分析
Another key to understanding British humour is to know that the
主语 介词+动名词短语”作后置定语 系动词
British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.
不定式短语作表语，that引导宾语从句
句意：另一个理解英式幽默的关键是要知道英国人不仅喜欢嘲笑自己还喜欢嘲笑别人。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.behave vi.表现
2.character n.（书、剧本、电影中的）人物；性格；特点；符号
词缀拓展
under- prefix 不足;在……之下；次要的
understatement n.低调说法;不充分的叙述
[山西榆次一中2023高二开学考试] B
&19& 体裁：记叙文 &20& 题材：人生经历 &21& 词数：306 &22& 难度：&23& &24& 建议用时：8分钟
I was travelling in Spain with my sister who was living there.I went into a bakery to order a couple of pastries （油酥糕点）.There were different kinds of pastries on a shelf, but only one kind had a little sign hanging from the shelf that said “something borrachos”.I didn't necessarily want those, but they were the only labelled ones, so naturally I waved to the guy behind the counter and ordered “Dos borrachos por favor.（Two borrachos please.）”
I was pretty timid with my Spanish, so I whispered it.The men sitting near me all stopped talking and looked at me.The guy, very seriously, said, “Que Quieras （What do you want ）”
I shyly said again, with less confidence, “Dos borrachos por favor.”
All the men around me started sniggering （窃笑）.
The guy again asked me what I wanted, and he was getting louder.He was raising his voice over the noise of the whole shop.He told me to speak up.Most of the tables now were also quiet.
I was getting a bit embarrassed.I thought he was making fun of my accent or I was pronouncing the words wrong.I looked hard at the sign, made sure to pronounce them correctly, and shouted, “Quiero dos borrachos! （I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!）”
He repeated my words loudly.This time, he couldn't keep a straight face and started guffawing （狂笑）, and the rest in the shop followed.
I had no idea what was happening, so I just ran out, empty-handed and ashamed.
I came back and told my sister the story.She started laughing and explained “borrachos” means “drunk men”.The sign probably said that “Drunk men were not welcome here.” and that sign happened to hang under the shelf.
I had just shouted to a full shop that I WANTED a couple of drunk men.
【语篇导读】文章讲述了作者在西班牙旅行时，由于西班牙语不熟练，在面包店买糕点时闹笑话的故事。
1.Why did the author go to the shop ( )
A
A.To buy something to eat. B.To see her sister.
C.To find a drunk man. D.To practise her Spanish.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I went into a bakery to order a couple of pastries.可知，作者到面包店是要买吃的。故选A项。
2.What does the underlined word “timid” in Paragraph 2 probably mean ( )
C
A.Confident. B.Curious. C.Shy. D.Angry.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的so I whispered it可知，作者小声用西班牙语说出自己要点的东西，由此可推测，作者说西班牙语时会感到胆怯，所以才小声说。由此可知，该句中的timid表示“胆小的；羞怯的”。故选C项。
【方法总结】词义猜测题的解题方法
词义猜测题主要通过对画线词前后的语境进行准确理解，并且要联系文章主旨。本题中，画线词所在句后的关键词为whispered, shyly, less confidence。
3.What made all the people in the shop laugh ( )
D
A.The author's strange accent. B.The author's wrong pronunciation.
C.The author's shy behaviour. D.The author's unusual order.
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句I looked hard at the sign, made sure to pronounce them correctly, and shouted, “Quiero dos borrachos! （I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!）”可知，店里的人大笑的原因是作者说要两个“borrachos”；而根据倒数第二段中的She started laughing and explained “borrachos” means “drunk men”. The sign probably said that “Drunk men were not welcome here.” and that sign happened to hang under the shelf.可知，borrachos指喝醉的男子，而作者当时并不知情，所以作者点了“两个喝醉的男子”，是这种不寻常的点餐使得店里的人大笑。故选D项。
4.How was the author feeling when she left the shop ( )
B
A.Amused. B.Embarrassed. C.Satisfied. D.Regretful.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段I had no idea what was happening, so I just ran out, empty-handed and ashamed.可知，作者从店里跑出去的时候感到很尴尬。故选B项。
&25& 体裁：说明文 &26& 题材：介绍说明 &27& 词数：232 &28& 难度：&29& &30& 建议用时：7分钟
The English language has many ways to talk about something that is funny.1. . It is a basic
human need.Physical humour, especially, can cross limits like nationality and language and bring people
together from all different walks of life.
Humour comes in many forms.The most obvious and traditional way we use humour is in
jokes.2. . This is when a person changes a word or uses it in a different context （语境） for comic
effect.
Another way people can use humour is through telling a funny story.Perhaps something bad
happened to them but they can laugh about it now.People also invent funny stories in order to make
other people laugh.The advantage of this is that the characters aren't real.3. .
Physical comedy usually divides opinions.For some, seeing someone fall down, whether it is planned
or not, is one of the funniest things they can see.4. . Some types of humour can also be harmful if
someone is not in the mood for being made fun of！People's sense of humour varies across the world,
so what may be funny in your country might be incredibly harmful in another!
A
C
D
G
5. . The British, for instance, are famous for their humour in English.However, people learning a
foreign language face many difficulties when it comes to being funny in a second language.
F
A.Humour is just one of the ways.
B.Everyone needs to laugh once in a while.
C.Other forms of humour are word play and puns （双关语）.
D.Therefore, you don't have to feel bad for laughing at them!
E.People of all ages and cultures have a strong sense of humour.
F.Most people know how to use some forms of humour in their native languages.
G.For others, finding physical humour and non-serious accidents funny seems cruel.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默的不同形式与种类，也提到了人们对肢体喜剧的不同看法。但是，在不同语言环境下，幽默的内容也有差别。
1.___
A
解析 该空前提到英语中有许多谈论有趣事物的方法，该空后提到幽默的重要性，说明该空应提到两者的关系。A项“幽默只是其中的方式之一”符合语境,故选A项。
2.___
C
解析 前文的many forms与C项中的Other forms相对应。另外，由后文This is when a person changes a word or uses it in a different context for comic effect.可知，此处介绍幽默的其他形式，C项符合语境。故选C项。
3.___
D
解析 由该空前The advantage of this is that the characters aren't real.可知，故事里的人物大多是虚构的，所以那些情节也是虚构的，人们对此大笑时也就可以不用感觉不好了。D项中的Therefore是关键词。故选D项。
4.___
G
解析 由本段第一句Physical comedy usually divides opinions.可知，人们通常对肢体喜剧有不同的观点，前面提到了一部分人的看法，该空应指出另一部分人的看法。G项中的For others与空前的For some相呼应。故选G项。
5.___
F
解析 该段提到不同语言背景下的人对幽默的体验有差别，故首句与幽默和语言文化有关。故选F项。
02
Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The pleasure of reading a detective story is that the detective puts together clues to reach a surprising
__________ （conclude）.
conclusion
解析 句意为：阅读侦探小说之乐趣在于侦探结合线索得出一个惊人的结论。reach a conclusion意为“得出结论”，故此处填名词conclusion。
2.Beethoven is one of the most outstanding __________ （compose） in the world.
composers
解析 句意为：贝多芬是世界上最杰出的作曲家之一。空前是“one of+the+形容词最高级”结构，故填名词复数。
3.The _______ （cruel） of a tornado is that so often there is no time to escape.
cruelty
解析 句意为：龙卷风的残酷之处在于人们往往来不及逃离。设空处前有定冠词The修饰，此处在主句中作主语，应用名词形式。故填cruelty。
4.They brought the injured woman out and put her on a stretcher_______ （gentle）.
gently
解析 句意为：他们把那位受伤的女士抬了出来，然后轻轻地放在了担架上。 设空处修饰动词put，应该用副词。
【知识拓展】形容词转换为副词
语法填空中经常出现形容词变副词的考点，要注意去“-e”加“-ly”或“-y”变为副词的常见形容词。如：true—truly，gentle—gently，simple—simply，possible—possibly，probable—probably，terrible—terribly。
5.Playing games and singing songs provide an opportunity for classroom _______________ （interact）.
interaction（s）
解析 句意为：玩游戏和唱歌提供了课堂互动的机会。设空处之前是名词classroom，此处为名词修饰名词，作介词for的宾语。
6.Study harder from now on.Otherwise, you will fall _______ others.
behind
解析 句意为：从现在起，要更加努力学习。不然你就会落后于别人。fall behind sb为固定搭配，意为“落后于某人”。
7.I was really impressed ________ the locals' kindness and gentleness.
with/by
解析 句意为：我对当地人的和善印象非常深刻。be impressed with/by 为固定搭配，意为“对……印象深刻”。
8.“I never thought I'd see this place,” he said at last, ___ a whisper.
in
解析 句意为：“我从没想过我能见到这样的地方。”他最后低声说道。in a whisper为固定短语，意为“低声说；耳语”。
9.In short, so impressive is their work that they all deserve ________ （praise） and learning from.
praising
解析 句意为：总之，他们的工作成果令人印象十分深刻，所以他们值得表扬和学习。设空处与learning并列作deserve的宾语，应用动名词形式；deserve doing sth意为“某事值得被做”，用主动形式表示被动意义。
【知识拓展】deserve/need/require的用法
deserve作“应受；应得”讲，need和require作“需要”讲时，其后常接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，表示被动含义。如:The dishes need washing/to be washed.这些餐具需要清洗。
10.__________________ （test） several times, the new product will be put into the market.
Having been tested
解析 句意为：经过几次试验之后，这一新产品将上市。句中已经有谓语will be put，设空处与其之间没有连词连接，故用非谓语形式。test与句子主语the new product之间是逻辑上的被动关系，并且先于be put into the market这一动作发生，故填现在分词完成式的被动式。
根据提示补全句子。
1.孩子们太吵了，我把他们训斥了一顿。（tell）
I _____ ____ ________ ____ for making so much noise.
told
the
children
off
2.他以一首欧文的诗结束了他的写作。（conclude）
He __________ ____ ________ _____ a poem by Owen.
concluded
his
writing
with
3.你提供的信息可能有助于查明这些植物的死因。（light）
Your information may help ______ _____ ____ the cause of these plants' death.
throw
light
on
4.我们应该把所学到的东西应用到实践中去，这至关重要。（essential）
___ ___ _________ _____ we should put what we have learnt into practice.
It
is
essential
that
5.他当场指出了我的错误。（spot）
He pointed out my mistake ____ ____ _____.
on
the
spot
6.澳大利亚人的幽默真是独树一帜。
Australians really do have a unique ______ ___ ________.
brand
of
humour
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.She created a charity in memory of her grandmother, _____ passed away from Alzheimer's disease.
who
解析 句意为：她创建了一个慈善机构来纪念因阿尔茨海默病去世的祖母。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为her grandmother，指人，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导该从句。
2.[辽宁六校协作体2023高二期中联考] Later on, that week, the school announced that Sept.19 would be
a bank holiday, _______ meant that we would have an extended break during that weekend.
which
解析 非限制性定语从句缺主语，引导词用which,指代前面整个主句。
3.The number of smokers, ___ is reported， has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
as
解析 非限制性定语从句缺主语，引导词as 指代整个主句，意为“正如”。
4.Many young people, most of _______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their
dreams.
whom
解析 “most of+关系词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为young people，指人，关系词作介词of 的宾语，故用whom。
5.Much of his youth was spent in Beijing， _______ he developed an interest in Beijing Opera.
where
解析 设空处在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，应用引导词where。
6.Please come back at four o'clock, ______ your herbal medicine will be ready.
when
解析 设空处在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，应用引导词when。
7.The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through _______ he could see what is happening outside.
which
解析 关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语，指代a hole，应用which。
8.Kate, _______ sister I shared a room with when we were at college， has gone to work in Australia.
whose
解析 引导词whose在从句中作定语，修饰sister。
9.____ is often the case, children love their mother.
As
解析 非限制性定语从句缺主语，引导词As指代整个主句，翻译成“正如”。
10.The river, the banks of _______ are covered with trees, is very long.
which
解析 引导词which 指代river，作介词of 的宾语。
&31& 体裁：说明文 &32& 题材：介绍说明 &33& 词数：184 &34& 难度：&35& &36& 建议用时：6分钟
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever wondered how many calories there are in the human body Or ever wondered why old people have
1. . （big） ears than they used to The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes （搞笑诺贝尔奖） have got
the answers.
The Ig Nobel Prizes, 2. . （found） in 1991, are to honour achievements 3. . first
make people laugh, and then make them think.The ceremony 4. . （take） place at Harvard
University every year.Winners' acceptance 5. . （speech） are limited to 60 seconds,
6. . （strict） monitored by an eight-year-old girl.
The honoured research might seem ridiculous 7. . first sight, but that doesn't mean it lacks
scientific value.For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than
two pieces when it is bent was important for 8. . （control） fractures, which could have
bigger
founded
that/which
takes
speeches
strictly
at
controlling
applications in everything from the design of highways and bridges to the engineering of nanotubes.And
a follow-up paper 9. . （publish） by MIT physicists several years later.But people are
more likely to read about the broken spaghetti than to read an academic paper.Even when there is no
immediate usefulness, 10. . is still good to encourage people to observe and think.
was published
it
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了搞笑诺贝尔奖。搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值，作者就此进行举例说明。
1._______
bigger
解析 根据设空处后的than可知，此处要用形容词的比较级。故填bigger。
2.________
founded
解析 分析句子结构可知，主句中已有系动词are，且设空处前后无连词连接，因此found应用非谓语动词形式；found与The Ig Nobel Prizes之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填founded。
3.__________
that/which
解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词achievements指物，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
4.______
takes
解析 设空处在句中作谓语。由every year可知，此处介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时；主语The ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。
5._________
speeches
解析 speech为可数名词,根据设空处后的are可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填speeches。
6._______
strictly
解析 设空处修饰过去分词monitored，应用副词形式。故填strictly。
7.___
at
解析 at first sight为固定短语，意为“乍一看；初看时”。故填at。
8.___________
controlling
解析 句意为：比如，2006年那项关于为什么干的意大利细面条往往会在弯曲时断裂成多于两截的研究对裂缝控制很重要，该研究（结果）可应用于从公路和桥梁设计到纳米管工程的各个领域。 ________ fractures在句中作介词for的宾语，设空处应用动词的动名词形式。故填controlling。
9.______________
was published
解析 根据时间状语several years later可知，事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时；publish和主语a follow-up paper之间是被动关系,应用被动语态；a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。故填was published。
10.___
it
解析 句意为：即使没有直接的用处,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。Even when there is no immediate usefulness为时间状语从句，在后面的主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,因此应用it作形式主语。故填it。
A
&37& 体裁：说明文 &38& 题材：健康生活方式 &39& 词数：277 &40& 难度：&41& &42& 建议用时：7分钟
The idea that you can use humour, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true.However, it is really true and simple.A sense of humour, laughter and play all play an important part in keeping you healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense of humour, which is closely tied to laughter.Laughter is infectious.Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is.You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.
Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy.We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing.However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for adults to make play be part of their life as it is for children.Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive （认知的） decline.
Anyway, adding humour, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages.So we should make full use of them to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍有益于人们的健康。
1.What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean ( )
C
A.Playing an important role. B.Keeping people in high spirits.
C.Spreading quickly to other people. D.Preventing illness from spreading.
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.可知，当人们一起大笑时，人们的关系会更加亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectious在此处的意思为“有感染力的”，即“迅速传播给他人”。
2.What can laughter increase according to the author ( )
B
A.Cognitive ability. B.Good relationships. C.A sense of humour. D.Happiness and trust.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness… and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.可知，在作者看来，大笑能使人与人之间的关系更加亲密。
3.What does the author think the old should do ( )
D
A.They should have a good rest. B.They should play like children.
C.They should prevent cognitive decline. D.They should take part in physical play.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for adults to make play be part of their life as it is for children.Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.可知，作者认为老年人应该多参加体能游戏。
【方法总结】表转折意义的词汇助力解答阅读理解题
阅读中出现转折的位置经常就是命题和答案的位置，所以要熟知高中阶段常见的表示转折含义的词汇。如：but, yet, although, though, while, as, however, instead, rather, still, by contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, despite, regardless of, in spite of等。
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text ( )
A
A.Humour, Laughter and Play for Health B.Always Keep Our Body Healthy
C.Have an Active and Happy Life D.Let Our Body and Mind Relax
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句以及最后一段内容可知，这篇文章的主题是幽默、大笑和玩耍有益于人们的健康。
[浙江杭州地区重点中学2023高二期中联考] B
&43& 体裁：说明文 &44& 题材：科技创新 &45& 词数：342 &46& 难度：&47& &48& 建议用时：8分钟
It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What's so funny ” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to do by designing an AI robot that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android “Erica” in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy （同感），” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics.“One way a robot can empathise with users is to share their laughter.”
In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the Al system responds with laughter as an empathetic response.This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter.The type of laughter is important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.
The team tested Erica's new sense of humour by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system.Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—a shared-laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding.The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.
“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviours, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added.“We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本京都大学的研究人员设计出了拥有共享笑声系统的人工智能机器人，可以对人类的笑声作出相应的回应，与人类在对话中建立同理心。
1.What’s the purpose of raising the question “What's so funny” at the beginning ( )
C
A.To show opinions on funny things. B.To encourage readers to share their ideas.
C.To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh. D.To emphasise the importance of being funny.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What's so funny ” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that's exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to do by designing an AI robot that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.可推断，在一开始提出“什么事这么好笑”这个问题的目的是强调教机器人笑的困难。
2.Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in Paragraph 1 ( )
A
A.A sense of humour. B.A shared-laughter system.
C.A speaking style. D.A distinct character.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前句So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh.But that's exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to do by designing an AI robot that takes its cues through a shared-laughter system.可知，日本一组研究人员正在教机器人笑，即为机器人“埃丽卡”制造幽默感。所以a funny bone意为“幽默感”。
3.What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system ( )
B
A.Designing the subsystem to decide whether to laugh.
B.Assessing the interactions based on emotions.
C.Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.
D.Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter.和第四段中的The team tested Erica's new sense of humour by creating… listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions可知，B项内容未提到，所以共享笑声系统的研究不需要基于情绪评估互动。
4.What is Inoue's attitude towards conversational AI ( )
D
A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Optimistic. D.Objective.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can…,” Inoue added.以及We do not think this is an easy problem at all可知，井上对交互式人工智能的态度是客观的。
【方法总结】常见的表达观点态度的形容词
objective（客观的）, favourable（肯定的）, supportive（支持的）, cautious（谨慎的）, positive（积极乐观的）, negative（消极的）, doubtful/sceptical（怀疑的）, conservative（保守的）, ambiguous（模棱两可的）, neutral（中立的）, indifferent（不关心的）。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.issue n.一期；问题；发行 v.公布；发表
2.evaluate vt.评估，评价
进阶词汇
1.empathise vi.有同感；同情
2.distinct adj.清楚的;明显的；截然不同的
&49& 体裁：记叙文 &50& 题材：个人经历 &51& 词数：241 &52& 难度：&53& &54& 建议用时：12分钟
My parents, siblings and I took our first camping trip to the Lake Houston Wilderness Park recently.
We had finished putting up the . .1. . when it suddenly started to rain.Luckily, we had . .2. . our tent on a high flat surface where water could not pour in.Mum prepared some snacks and drinks for us while we played games and . .3. . about our daily life, which made wet-weather camping fun.How . .4. . it was camping under the sound of the rain! We were gathered around in the middle of . .5. . and it was a nice feeling.Even with the rain, I had never been so . .6. ..
The rain stopped before dark and the sky turned clear.Soon, Mum . .7. . a big meal over the fire for the family.I sensed that a hot meal and good . .8. . would warm us right up.While we ate together, Dad . .9. . at the stars and told us stories about his childhood.As we laughed and . .10. . our good old days, the stars shone like diamonds at night.
The following day, we had a good time . .11. . the rocky trails around our campsite.. .12. . hiking in the forest, we had lovely late-afternoon boating.It was amazing to see the . .13. . changing rays of the sunset behind the pine trees.That evening we packed up our . .14. . and headed home.
I am very grateful for this camping trip, which has left us unforgettable . .15. ..
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人的一次雨中露营经历，这次露营给作者留下了深刻的回忆。
1.( )A.roof B.shelf C.fence D.tent
D
解析 根据下文we had _______ our tent on a high flat surface可知，作者他们把帐篷搭在一处很高的平地上，由此可知，此处指他们搭好了帐篷。
2.( )A.positioned B.attached C.approached D.checked
A
解析 根据句中on a high flat surface可知，一处很高的平地应该是作者他们安置帐篷的地点，那里水无法漫进来。position意为“安置”；attach意为“贴”；approach意为“靠近”。
【知识拓展】position一词多义
（1）n.位置；地方；姿态；姿势；处境；地位；职位。如：This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.这使他和他的同事陷于困境。（2）v.安置；安装；使处于。如：The company is now well positioned to compete in foreign markets.现在这家公司已准备好在国外市场竞争。
3.( )A.felt B.chatted C.argued D.complained
B
解析 根据句中our daily life可知，作者一家是在聊他们的日常生活，这让雨天露营变得有趣。chat意为“闲聊”。
4.( )A.strange B.powerful C.unique D.beneficial
C
解析 根据常识可知，一般人们会在天气好的时候露营，很少在雨中露营，由句中camping under the sound of the rain可知，在雨声中露营是独特的。
5.( )A.culture B.society C.nature D.space
C
解析 根据上文How _______ it was camping under the sound of the rain!可知，作者一家在雨中露营，由此可知，露营时他们聚集在大自然中。
6.( )A.happy B.lucky C.curious D.confident
A
解析 根据上文which made wet-weather camping fun可知，雨天露营的独特经历给作者带来了快乐，由此可知，即使下雨了，作者却从未如此快乐过。
7.( )A.desired B.cooked C.ordered D.delivered
B
解析 根据下文over the fire可知，妈妈为一家人做了一顿大餐。cook a meal为固定搭配，意为“做饭”。
8.( )A.impression B.adventure C.performance D.conversation
D
解析 根据下文While we ate together, Dad _______ at the stars and told us stories about his childhood.可知，当作者一家一起吃饭时，爸爸给他们讲他童年的故事，由此可知，作者一家人吃着热腾腾的饭菜，进行愉快的谈话。impression意为“印象”；adventure意为“冒险”；conversation意为“谈话”。
9.( )A.yelled B.pointed C.laughed D.wondered
B
解析 根据空后的the stars可知，爸爸应该是指着星星。point at意为“指向”。
10.( )A.set up B.went over C.talked about D.looked for
C
解析 根据上文told us stories about his childhood可知，爸爸在给作者他们讲他童年的故事，由此可知，作者一家在谈论过去美好的日子。set up意为“建立”；go over意为“仔细检查”；talk about意为“谈论”；look for意为“寻找”。
11.( )A.paving B.cleaning C.exploring D.searching
C
解析 根据空后的the rocky trails around our campsite可知，他们是来野外露营的，所以他们探索了营地周围满是岩石的小径。
12.( )A.Due to B.Apart from C.Instead of D.As for
B
解析 句中we had lovely late-afternoon boating介绍了他们露营时的活动，由此可知，除了在森林里徒步旅行，他们还划船了。due to意为“由于”；apart from意为“除了”；instead of意为“而不是；代替”；as for意为“至于”。
13.( )A.dramatically B.casually C.regularly D.completely
A
解析 根据句中changing rays of the sunset和生活常识可知，日落时，光线会发生显著变化。 dramatically意为“显著地；给人印象深刻地”；casually意为“偶然地”；regularly意为“有规律地”。
14.( )A.properties B.tools C.harvests D.belongings
D
解析 根据句中headed home可知，回家前，作者一家应该收拾好他们的随身物品。
15.( )A.encounters B.coincidences C.discoveries D.memories
D
解析 根据句中I am very grateful for this camping trip可知，作者非常感谢这次露营旅行，由此可知，露营旅行给他们留下了深刻的回忆。encounter意为“遭遇”；coincidence意为“巧合”。
03
单元限时小卷
建议用时：57分钟
[湖北宜昌协作体2023高二期中] &55& 体裁：说明文 &56& 题材：社会服务 &57& 词数：331 &58& 难度：&59& &60& 建议用时：7分钟
Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Most people agree that with concerns like extreme weather and the climate crisis, the last couple of years have been stressful.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calm to people in these difficult times.So Ms Martin, along with artist Asherah Weiss, worked with students on a project they called “PepToc”.
The project had two parts—one was the hotline, and the other was creating encouraging posters.The two adults worked with students from kindergarten to sixth grade.They had the same basic question for all the students: “What could you say to help or encourage someone else ” Students working on the hotline thought of what they would like to say.When they were ready, Ms Martin recorded each one.Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline.
Pressing 1 brings up ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated or nervous”.Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow” or “go get a cookie”.Pressing 2 results in “words of encouragement and life advice”.Pressing 3 leads to a chorus of kids saying together: “You can do it! Keep trying, don't give up!” Pressing 4 starts the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone's face.
Ms Martin thought the project would only attract interest from people near the school.But the hotline was soon getting hundreds of calls a day.Word of the hotline spread quickly on social media.The hotline has become incredibly popular with stressed adults, patients in hospitals, older people in homes, and others who just want to hear the happy voices of children.
【语篇导读】加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生们开通了热线电话，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线以从孩子们那里得到鼓舞人心的建议。短短几天之内，学生们每小时就能接到数百个电话。
1.Who came up with the idea of the project “PepToc” ( )
B
A.Parents form West Side School. B.Jessica Martin and Asherah Weiss.
C.A student form West Side School. D.The government of Healdsburg.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的So Ms Martin, along with artist Asherah Weiss, worked with students on a project they called “PepToc”.可知，杰茜卡·马丁和阿瑟拉·韦斯想出了这个项目。
2.Which number should a caller press if he or she feels nervous ( )
A
A.1. B.2. C.3. D.4.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Pressing 1 brings up ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated or nervous”.可知，那些感到愤怒、受挫或紧张的人们应该按1号键。
3.What was unexpected for Ms Martin ( )
C
A.The magic of the children. B.The sadness of the people.
C.The popularity of the hotline. D.The influence of the social media.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段Ms Martin thought the project would… has become incredibly popular with stressed adults, patients in hospitals, older people in homes… 可推知，杰茜卡·马丁不曾料到这个热线会如此受欢迎。
4.What could be the best title for the text ( )
D
A.The Charm of Art Is Beyond Words B.A Project Is Carried Out to Study Art
C.A Hotline Brings Stressed People Hope D.Positive Messages From Kids Make a Hotline a Hit
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生们开通的热线电话受到人们欢迎，故短文的最佳标题为D项。
[辽宁大连二十四中2023高二期中] &61& 体裁：说明文 &62& 题材：个人成长 &63& 词数：310 &64& 难度：&65& &66& 建议用时：8分钟
Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.
The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to
persuade and to entertain listeners.An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to
its audience.1. . For a persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or
behaviour of the audience for their own good.Thus, the speaker needs to find common ground with the
audience and try to relate to what the audience might agree on.The last type is a ceremonial speech.It
tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches.No matter how well you
know the person you are giving a speech about, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is
meant to be a joke.
2. . Sparing some time to practise will help build confidence and help determine how long the
presentation will last.Apart from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary.Try to get as
C
D
much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience.Knowing the
“battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.
Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech.3. . A
speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean.Often,
when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful.4. .
Language and delivery alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language.The
movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience.While closing the speech or presentation,
speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been
said.5. .
A
G
E
A.It needs to be used clearly.
B.These speeches mark special occasions.
C.The important thing to note is not to put in too much information.
D.The key to perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.
E.They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.
F.Knowing how public speaking is done plays a key part in understanding the importance of it.
G.Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfil the audience's expectation.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同类型公共演讲的目的以及如何作出完美的演讲。
1.___
C
解析 由第二段中的An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience.可知，一场信息型演讲有一个目的，就是向听众提供信息或传授知识。所以设空处要告诉演讲者作这种类型的演讲时要注意什么。故C项“重要的是要注意不要传达太多的信息”符合语境。
2.___
D
解析 由空后的Sparing some time to practise will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last.可知，抽出时间练习将有助于建立信心，并有助于确定演讲的时长。D项与空后内容衔接，D项中的through practice与空后的practise相呼应。
3.___
A
解析 由空后A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean.可知，一个演讲者需要仔细斟酌他所讲的话，并让观众明白他的意思。所以此空要起到引起下文的作用。故A项“它需要被清楚地使用”符合语境，A项中的It指代上文提到的Language。
4.___
G
解析 由空前的Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful.可知，通常，听众听演讲时会希望演讲者能传达给他们一些有用的新信息，所以设空处要说明演讲者需要知道如何来满足听众的期望。故G项切题。
5.___
E
解析 由空前的While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said.可知，在结束演讲或陈述时，演讲者可以重述他们的要点，只是为了让听众想起已经说过的重要事情。设空处应承接上文，与前一句共同说明可以用什么样的形式结束演讲。故E项“他们也可以用特别的信息来结束演讲，并鼓励听众提问”符合语境。
&67& 体裁：记叙文&68& 题材：人物故事 &69& 词数：299 &70& 难度：&71& &72& 建议用时：15分钟
James shook his money box again.Nothing! He carefully. .1. . the coins that lay on the bed.?$24.52 was all that he had.The bicycle he wanted was at least?$90!
He knew that his friends all had bicycles.It was. .2. . to hang out with people when you were the only one without a bicycle.He thought about what he could do.There was no . .3. . asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to . .4. ..
There was only one way to get money, and that was to . .5. . it.He would have to find a job.But who would hire him and what could he do He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice, who usually had . .6. . on most things.
“Well, you can start right here,” said Mr Clay.“My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.”
That was the. .7. . of James' business.For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework.He was amazed by the . .8. . of jobs that people found for him to do.He took dogs and babies
for walks, and cleared out cupboards.He lost count of the number of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the . .9. . increased and he knew that he would soon have . .10. . for the bicycle he longed for.
The day . .11. . came when James counted his money and found?$94.32.He . .12. . no time and went to pick up the bicycle he wanted.He rode. .13. . home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends.It had been hard . .14. . for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle more since he had bought it with his own money.He had . .15. . what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了詹姆斯通过自己的努力挣钱买了一辆梦寐以求的自行车的故事。
1.( )A.cleaned B.covered C.counted D.checked
C
解析 根据下文提到的他一共有24.52美元可知，詹姆斯是把盒子里的硬币倒在了床上，认真地数了起来。count意为“数”。故选C项。
2.( )A.brave B.smart C.unfair D.hard
D
解析 根据空后的to hang out with people when you were the only one without a bicycle可知，詹姆斯的朋友都有自行车，只有他没有，所以每次跟朋友出去对他来说都很困难。hard 意为“困难的；艰难的”，符合语境。故选D项。
3.( )A.result B.harm C.point D.right
C
解析 根据空后的he knew they had no money 可知，詹姆斯知道向父母要钱是没有用的。there's no point （in） doing sth意为“做某事是没有用的”。故选C项。
4.( )A.separate B.spare C.spend D.save
B
解析 根据There was no____ asking his parents可知，找父母要钱是没用的，因为詹姆斯知道他们也没有多余的钱可以分出来。spare 意为“抽出；分出”，符合语境。separate 意为“分开”，spend 意为“花费”，save 意为“储存”，均不符合语境。故选B项。
5.( )A.borrow B.collect C.raise D.earn
D
解析 根据后文He would have to find a job.可知，詹姆斯打算找一份工作，他决定挣钱买自行车。故选D项。
6.( )A.decisions B.experience C.knowledge D.opinions
D
解析 根据空前的He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice可知，克莱先生对大部分事情都有自己的看法。opinion 常与介词 on 搭配，表示“对某事的看法”。故选D项。
7.( )A.introduction B.beginning C.requirement D.ending
B
解析 根据上文可知，那份工作是詹姆斯的第一份工作，是一个开始。故选B项。
8.( )A.variety B.similarity C.quality D.suitability
A
解析 根据后文He took dogs and babies for walks, and cleared out cupboards.可知，詹姆斯对人们介绍给他的各种各样的工作感到很吃惊。the variety of 意为“各种各样的”。故选A 项。
9.( )A.effort B.pressure C.trouble D.money
D
解析 根据语境可知，虽然詹姆斯不知道他到底干过多少活，但是他知道他挣的钱越来越多了。故选D项。
10.( )A.enough B.all C.much D.some
A
解析 根据空后的for the bicycle he longed for可知，詹姆斯挣的钱越来越多，很快就会有足够的钱去买自行车了。故选A项。
11.( )A.instantly B.normally C.finally D.regularly
C
解析 根据when James counted his money and found ?$94.32可知，詹姆斯挣够了买自行车的钱的那一天终于来了。finally 意为“最后；终于”，含有经过努力达成目标的意味，符合语境。故选C项。
12.( )A.gave B.wasted C.left D.took
B
解析 根据上文詹姆斯对自行车的渴望可知，此处是说他赶忙去商店买了自行车。waste no time意为“赶忙”，符合语境。故选B项。
13.( )A.patiently B.silently C.proudly D.tiredly
C
解析 根据空后的looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends可知，詹姆斯在经过一番努力后终于买到了自行车，他自豪地骑着车回家了。故选C项。
14.( )A.working B.asking C.looking D.applying
A
解析 根据语境可知，詹姆斯工作挣钱很辛苦。ask for 意为“要求”，look for 意为“寻找”，apply for 意为“申请；请求”，均不符合语境。故选A项。
15.( )A.deserved B.achieved C.benefited D.learnt
B
解析 根据空后的what he thought was impossible可知，詹姆斯完成了自己曾经认为不可能的事。achieve意为“实现；完成”，符合语境。deserve意为“应得”，benefit 意为“使受益”，learn 意为“学习”，均不符合语境。故选B项。
[四川绵阳南山中学2023高二期末] &73& 体裁：记叙文 &74& 题材：旅行 &75& 词数：193 &76& 难度：&77& &78& 建议用时：7分钟
Tibet is a region I was desperate to visit, 1. . its remoteness and my inability to go delayed
my journey.Last summer, my brother and I finally decided to take 2. . trip.
We set off at the Guangzhou Railway Station and three days later, we arrived in Lhasa.The trip
certainly took quite a while; however, we 3. . （reward） with the most beautiful views
and made friends along the way, all at a 4. . （low） cost than flying.
We started our tour of Lhasa, 5. . （wide） exploring the Potala Palace.We had an incredible
lunch at one of the best restaurants in Lhasa, 6. . offered a beautiful view overlooking the
Jokhang Temple.
but/yet
the
were rewarded
lower
widely
which
Then we started our journey to the Mount Qomolangma base camp by road from Lhasa.Along the
way we stopped 7. . （admire） the Yamdrok Lake.Its beauty was beyond 8. .
（describe）.About a week later, we arrived.We stayed in a guesthouse just next to the base camp and
after dropping off our luggage, 9. . （head） straight to the Mt Qomolangma.The top of the
mountain emerged from behind the clouds, 10. . （astonish） us with its unbelievable
height.The clouds parted and we watched the sunset on the mountain.
to admire
description
headed
astonishing
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的西藏之旅。
1._______
but/yet
解析 句意为：西藏是我渴望去游览的地方，但是那里距离遥远，我也无法抽身，这推迟了我的旅行。根据句意可知，空前半句表示作者渴望去西藏，空后半句表示作者没有前去，故可推断设空处前后为转折关系；根据句子结构可判断此处为并列句，应填表示转折的并列连词。故填but/yet。
2.____
the
解析 句意为：去年夏天，我和哥哥终于决定去那里旅行。设空处修饰名词trip，根据语境可知，此处特指前面提到的西藏之旅，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
3.______________
were rewarded
解析 句意为：这次旅行当然花了一些时间，但一路上我们收获了最美丽的景色，结交了很多朋友，所有这些花费都比坐飞机要低。分析句子可知，设空处在第二个分句中作谓语，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；根据语境可判断，此处表达“我们得到回报”，reward和we之间是被动关系，即be rewarded with sth，意为“得到回报”。第二个分句的主语为复数，故填were rewarded。
4.______
lower
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰名词cost，应填形容词作定语，又根据空后的than可知，此处表示比较含义，应用形容词的比较级，故填lower，表示“更低的”。
5._______
widely
解析 句意为：我们开始了拉萨之旅，广泛游览了布达拉宫。设空处修饰现在分词exploring，应用副词作状语，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。
6._______
which
解析 句意为：我们在拉萨最好的餐厅中的一家吃了一顿很棒的午餐，在那里可以俯瞰大昭寺的美丽景色。分析句子结构可知，空前的句子成分完整，空后的句子缺少主语，且空后的内容修饰限定的是one of the best restaurants in Lhasa，由此可判断设空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，应用which来引导该从句。
7.__________
to admire
解析 句意为：一路上我们停下来欣赏羊卓雍措湖。结合句意可知，此处表示“停下来去做某事”，应用固定搭配stop to do sth。stop doing sth表示“停下正在做的事”。故填to admire。
8.___________
description
解析 句意为：它的美无法形容。此处表示“无法形容；难以形容”，应用固定表达beyond description。故填description。
9._______
headed
解析 句意为：我们住在登山大本营旁边的一家家庭旅馆里，放下行李后，直奔珠穆朗玛峰。分析句子可知，and连接stayed和设空处两个谓语，根据语境和空前的stayed可知，此处也应用一般过去时，表示“（向……）去”。故填headed。
10.___________
astonishing
解析 句意为：山顶从云层中露出来，以其令人难以置信的高度使我们惊叹不已。句子已有谓语动词emerged，逗号后面部分是状语，所以设空处应填非谓语动词，astonish与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填astonishing。
[湖北“荆、荆、襄、宜”四地七校考试联盟2023高二联考] &79& 难度：&80& &81& 建议用时：20分钟
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Leap
Once a twelve-year-old boy was travelling around the world by sea.His father was the captain of the ship.Now, the ship was sailing home at last.It was a pleasant day.All the passengers were on the deck （甲板）.A monkey was making funny faces at the passengers.It became funnier as more passengers came closer, enjoying its tricks.
Suddenly the monkey ran towards the captain's son and took his hat.It then put the hat on its own head.Soon after that, it climbed up the tall pole with two crossbeams （横梁） that supported the sails on the ship.
Everyone laughed, but the boy was not sure whether to laugh or cry.It had come as a surprise.The monkey sat on the first crossbeam of the pole, took off the hat and began to tear it.
The hat was too important for the boy.So he shouted with extreme anger, “You horrible creature! Return my hat or you are going to pay for it.” He went after the monkey on the pole.The monkey continued to climb higher.
“I am not going to spare you,” the boy yelled, as he climbed higher and higher.After a while, the monkey stretched itself to its full length and hung what remained of the hat on the end of the second crossbeam.Then it climbed to the very tip of the pole and sat there, making fun of the boy.
The distance from the pole to the end of the crossbeam, where the hat hung, was about two metres.To reach the hat, the boy had to let go of the pole.Everyone froze with fear when they saw the boy had stepped onto the crossbeam without support.One wrong step, and he would fall heavily to the deck, which would lead to death.The only solution was to jump into the water.However, the boy didn't realise the danger, as his mind was focused only on getting the hat.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Just then the captain of the ship came on deck.____
Seeing his son wet but alive, the captain breathed a sigh of relief.____
【写作提示】
1.材料导读
材料大意 本文讲述了船长的儿子随父亲乘船环游世界，在此途中一只猴子抢走了他的帽子，
爬上了船上的桅杆。男孩为了夺回帽子，跟着往上爬。最后猴子把帽子挂在了桅杆
上横梁的尽头。男孩走上了悬在高空中的横梁去取帽子，这一动作十分危险，因为
男孩稍一失足，就会重重地摔到甲板上。
故事背景 猴子为戏弄男孩，抢走了他的帽子并把帽子挂在桅杆上横梁的尽头。
主要角色 船长的儿子、船长
写作顺序 时间顺序
需要解决的问题 男孩爬到桅杆上横梁的尽头去取帽子，随时有掉下来摔到甲板上的危险。
2.续写分析
续写第一段（提示句：就在这时，船 长来到了甲板上。） 由材料和续写第二段提示可倒推出第一段可以描写的情节。第
一段可描写船长见到儿子的处境非常恐慌，但最终还是冷静下
来果断采取措施，帮助孩子化解风险。
续写第二段（提示句：看到儿子浑身 湿透但还活着，船长松了一口气。） 第二段可描写男孩得救后船长的反应、众人的反应及孩子劫后
余生的反应。
情感变化 船长：恐慌——冷静——施策——营救——欣慰
3.提分词句
①sweep over, pretend to be, burst into applause, in the face of, throw oneself into等；
②表示紧张害怕的表达：My heart skipped a beat.
A flood of fear welled up inside me.
That sound made my hair stand on end.
He sat in the car, his heart still fluttering with fear.
【参考范文】
Just then the captain of the ship came on deck.He looked up, only to find his son likely to fall at any moment.A sudden wave of panic swept over him.But he pretended to be calm.“Hey, Dad is here! Be brave and jump into the water!” Hearing the words, the boy hesitated.The captain added, “Trust me! I'll get you out immediately.” Finally the boy agreed and jumped off.At the same time, the captain, along with some sailors, jumped into the sea.They rescued the boy and brought him back on board.
Seeing his son wet but alive, the captain breathed a sigh of relief.The crowd burst into applause.Though he had an outward appearance of calm, his heart was pounding with nervousness.At the same time, he was proud of his son for bravery in the face of danger.The boy threw himself into his father's arms, saying in a gentle voice “Thank you, Dad!” with tears of gratitude and happiness rolling down his cheeks.
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.cheerful adj.令人愉快的;高兴的
2.sort out 整理
3.frustrated adj.懊恼的，沮丧的
进阶词汇
deliberately adv.有意地；从容不迫地
熟词生义
ground n.熟义：地面；空地；土壤 生义：观点,立场