外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronge rPeriod Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas必刷题课件

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选择性必修第一册
Unit 3 Faster，higher，stronger
01
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.After walking through a _______ （mud） road, the bottom of his shoes was covered with mud.
muddy
解析 句意为：走过一条泥泞的道路后，他的鞋底沾满了泥。设空处修饰名词road，应用形容词形式。
2.Every day millions of people die due to illness __________ （associate） with smoking, including lung
cancer.
associated
解析 句意为：每天都有数百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病，包括肺癌。be associated with… 意为“与……有关的”，此处为形容词短语作后置定语。
3.Art museums are like food for my mind.I feel a different kind of happiness, which is beyond my
____________ （expect）.
expectations
解析 句意为：艺术博物馆就如同我的精神食粮。我能感受到别样的幸福，这超出了我的预期。beyond one's expectations为固定搭配，意为“超出某人的预期”。
4.We are confident that environment will be improved by our efforts in ___ row.
a
解析 句意为：我们确信，通过我们持续不断的努力，环境将会得到改善。in a row为固定短语，意为“连续的”。
5.It was all a far cry ______ those happy days in 1990, when he won three tournaments on the
European tour.
from
解析 句意为：这和1990年的那些美好时光大不相同，当时他在欧洲巡回赛中赢得了3场锦标赛。be a far cry from… 意为“与……大不相同”，为固定搭配。
6.You'll have an accident if you carry on________ （drive） like that.
driving
解析 句意为：如果你继续那样开车的话，会出事故的。carry on doing sth意为“继续做某事”，为固定搭配。
7.But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _______ （rest）.
resting
解析 句意为：但是不像她学校的朋友一样，16岁的萨拉并没有花费半个学期的时间休息。spend time （in） doing sth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。
8.Generally speaking, _________ （admit） one's mistakes in front of other people requires great courage.
admitting
解析 句意为：一般而言，在别人面前承认自己的错误需要很大的勇气。分析句子结构可知，______ one's mistakes in front of other people在句中作主语，设空处应用动名词形式。
9.It would be good to be able to travel light, but I end up _______ （take） too many clothes.
taking
解析 句意为：能够轻装旅行再好不过，但我最终还是带了太多衣服。end up doing… 意为“最终做了……”，为固定搭配。
10.It was not until I became a father _____ I truly understood my parents' way of disciplining me.
that
解析 句意为：直到我当了爸爸，我才真正明白父母管教我的方式。此处考查not… until… 结构的强调句式，其结构为it is/was not until… that…，故填that。
根据提示补全句子。
1.火势逐渐变得越来越大，火花四处飞溅。（direction）
The fire gradually got bigger and bigger.Sparks flew off ___ ____ __________.
in
all
directions
2.成功最简单的定义就是着手去做一件事，并设法完成它。（set out）
The simplest definition of success is to ____ ____ ___ ____ something and to manage to do it.
set
out
to
do
3.这匹马太虚弱了，不能跟其他的马并驾齐驱。（too… to…; pace）
The horse is ____ ______ ___ ______ _____ _____ others.
too
weak
to
keep
pace
with
4.我的父亲非常自豪，因为我继承了他的事业，成了一名医生。（footstep）
My father was extremely proud that I_________ ___ ____ _________ _____ ________ a doctor.
followed
in
his
footsteps
and
became
5.如今,人们开始比以往任何时候都更加重视自己的健康。（attach）
People nowadays are beginning to _______ ______ _____________________ ___ _____ _______ than
ever before.
attach
more
importance/significance
to
their
health
&1& 体裁：记叙文 &2& 题材：人物故事 &3& 词数：214 &4& 难度：&5& &6& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stephen Curry is a famous basketball player.It was self-belief, hard work and perseverance that
made him 1. . success.Stephen's grandfather 2. . （build） a simple basket by fixing a piece of
plastic on a telephone pole along a narrow dirt road different from the professional shiny courts.The
bumps and rocks caused the ball 3. . （bounce） in all directions.4. . （know）
where the ball would go wasn't very easy.However, practising day after day made Stephen improve his
skills.
Many people thought Stephen was too short, too thin and too weak to start his career as a
basketball player.But he regarded playing basketball 5. . his dream.He would not give up.He 6. .
（final） ended up playing college ball at Davidson College, where his 7. . （creative） and
perseverance made him a star player.In 2009, 8. . （select） for the NBA, Stephen joined the
Golden State Warriors.In 2015, Stephen won his first NBA championship, and he led the Warriors to
a
built
to bounce
Knowing
as
finally
creativity
selected
9. . （they） first championship since 1975.In addition, he received the Most Valuable Player award
for two years in a row.Stephen shared his philosophy: Be yourself, value the fact 10. . you can
work every single day to get better, and be able to put in the time and the work.His success has shown
us that anything is possible.
their
that
1.___
a
解析 根据语境可知，此处表示“一个成功的人”，success为抽象名词具体化，其前应用不定冠词a修饰。
2._____
built
3.__________
to bounce
解析 cause sb/sth to do sth为固定搭配，意为“导致或使某人/某物做某事” 。
4._________
Knowing
5.___
as
解析 regard… as… 为固定搭配，意为“把……看作……”。
6._______
finally
7._________
creativity
8.________
selected
9._____
their
10._____
that
[湖南师大附中2023高二期中] &7& 体裁：说明文 &8& 题材：介绍说明 &9& 词数：200 &10& 难度：&11& &12& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Youth Olympic Games are the youth version of the Olympic Games.Young athletes aged
between 15 and 18 compete in 1. . wide range of sports.The Youth Olympic Games give talented
teenagers a chance to connect with fellow athletes 2. . diverse backgrounds.The focus is on building
bridges between different cultures, so there are competitions 3. . （feature） mixed teams, such
as mixed swimming 4. . （relay）.In these competitions, 5. . the athletes are
of different nationalities, they play side by side.
The first Youth Olympic Games 6. . （hold） in Singapore in 2010, and China ranked
first in the medal table.In 2014, Nanjing had the honour of hosting the second Summer Youth Olympic
Games.This was another great 7. . （succeed） and China topped the medal table again.
a
from
featuring
relays
though/although/while
were held
success
People across the world applaud athletes 8. . try hard to achieve sporting
excellence.However, it is not only the athletes who deserve applause.The Youth Olympic Games call on
young people 9. . （learn） and share beyond the field of play.
For many athletes, the Youth Olympic Games help them demonstrate that they are ready for the
Olympic Games.Many of these talented athletes 10. . （proceed） to participate in the
Olympic Games in the future.
who/that
to learn
will proceed
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青年奥林匹克运动会的情况。
1.___
a
解析 句意为：年龄在15到18岁之间的年轻运动员参加各种各样的体育运动。固定短语a wide range of表示“各种各样的”。故填a。
2.______
from
解析 句意为：青年奥林匹克运动会为有天赋的青少年提供与来自不同背景的运动员交流的机会。此处表示“来自”，应用介词from。
3._________
featuring
解析 句意为：重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，因此有一些以混合团队为特色的比赛，比如混合游泳接力赛。分析句子结构可知，feature与逻辑主语competitions构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填featuring。
4._______
relays
解析 句意见上一题解析。relay为可数名词，其前没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填relays。
5.____________________
though/although/while
解析 句意为：在这些比赛中，虽然运动员来自不同的国家，但他们并肩作战。设空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用though/although/while引导该从句。故填though/although/while。
6.__________
were held
解析 句意为：第一届青年奥林匹克运动会于2010年在新加坡举行，中国位列奖牌榜第一。在第一个分句中，主语与动词hold构成被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语in 2010可知，应用一般过去时；主语为The first Youth Olympic Games，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were held。
7.________
success
解析 句意为：这是又一次巨大的成功，中国再次荣登奖牌榜榜首。设空处在句中作表语，其前有another及形容词great修饰，应用名词，且应用单数形式。故填success。
8._________
who/that
解析 句意为：世界各地的人们都为努力取得杰出运动成就的运动员喝彩。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为athletes，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导该从句。故填who/that。
9.________
to learn
解析 句意为：青年奥林匹克运动会号召年轻人在比赛场地之外学习和分享。call on sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“号召某人做某事；请求某人做某事”。故填to learn。
10.____________
will proceed
解析 句意为：这些有天赋的运动员中有许多将在未来参加奥运会。根据时间状语in the future可知，设空处应用一般将来时。故填will proceed。
[安徽部分省示范中学2023高二联考] A
&13& 体裁：应用文 &14& 题材：丰富生活 &15& 词数：276 &16& 难度：&17& &18& 建议用时：6分钟
Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time.
Ready, set, play!
Join a team sport
Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community.This list of links will lead you through to sports clubs and fixtures across the state, or you can use the My Community Directory to search for your sport of choice.
Make date night active night
Date night （or any time you hang with loved ones or friends） doesn't have to be spent sitting in a cinema.Get active on your next date by going bowling, playing laser tag or paintball, or sinking balls at minigolf.
Catch and kick
Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health.Kill two birds with one stone and take them to the park to kick a footy or throw a ball back and forth.Once everyone's practised their kicking, throwing and catching skills, take things to the next level by asking them to throw or kick long and make you run for it.
Take the stairs
An oldy but a goody, taking the stairs instead of a lift is great for working the major muscle groups in the legs.It might not seem like the most fun option for a workout, but you can fit a surprising amount of activity into every day by taking the stairs whenever they are an option.And if you get hooked （喜欢上）, you can even become a competitive stair climber.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四项给日程安排增加一点乐趣的活动。
1.What is the advantage of Join a team sport ( )
B
A.You have more time for morning exercise. B.You have a better way of communication.
C.It is a way to work the major muscle in legs. D.You will get expert direction in the group.
解析 细节理解题。根据Join a team sport部分的Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community.可知，参加这项活动除了健身外，还可以交朋友和更好地成为社区一员，因此有助于建立良好的交流。故选B。
2.Which would a father choose if he wanted to play with his 5-year-old son ( )
C
A.Join a team sport. B.Take the stairs.
C.Catch and kick. D.Make date night active night.
解析 细节理解题。根据Catch and kick部分的Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health.可知，这是适合家长与孩子一起玩的活动。故选C。
3.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear ( )
A
A.Public health and well-being. B.Research and reports.
C.News and events. D.Strategic direction.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time.可知，全文介绍了四项为人们的日常生活增加乐趣的活动，因此应该出现在报纸的公共健康与幸福栏目。故选A。
[湖南五市十校教研教改联合体高二2023期中] B
&19& 体裁：记叙文 &20& 题材：体操生涯 &21& 词数：380 &22& 难度：&23& &24& 建议用时：8分钟
Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on a Sunday night in July 2021 after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.After failing to secure a spot in Sunday's vault final, the 46-year-old, representing Uzbekistan, waved to the small crowd inside Tokyo's Ariake Gymnastics Centre, made a heart shape with her hands and briefly cried.
Born in Uzbek capital Tashkent in 1976, Chusovitina took up gymnastics at age 7, following her older brother into the sport.“My mother did not want me to do gymnastics.She was worried about me all the time.I wanted to prove to her that I was not doing it in vain, and I think I eventually succeeded in that,” Chusovitina once said of her childhood.
She made her Olympic debut （首次亮相） at the 1992 Barcelona Games as part of the gold medal-winning Unified team, comprised of （由……组成） athletes from former Soviet states.
She then represented Uzbekistan, before being granted German citizenship in 2006.She took home a vault silver medal at the 2008 Beijing Games for Germany, but switched back to competing for Uzbekistan in 2013.She is one of just two female gymnasts to represent three different nations at the Olympic Games.
When Chusovitina's 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia （白血病） in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment.Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.
After her son's recovery, Chusovitina continued to compete, but this time it was her love of gymnastics that kept her going.“There is no secret.I just love gymnastics and no one ever forced me to compete.I do so with pleasure,” she said.
With COVID-19 rules keeping fans out of the venue, Chusovitina admitted the atmosphere wasn't what she had hoped.“I would have loved to have spectators,” she said.“Of course in terms of performance, it's better when it's just you and the apparatus （器械）.But every athlete needs this attention and applause.”
“Maybe I'll skip Paris （2024 Games）, and go to Los Angeles （2028 Games） for the applause,” she joked.At last, she told reporters, “My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him.I want to be a mum.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜的人生经历。
1.What is implied about Chusovitina ( )
D
A.She once took home a gold medal in her own right.
B.She started gymnastics to meet her mother's expectations.
C.She preferred no audience when performing on the field.
D.She will probably not compete in the 2028 Olympic Games.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on a Sunday night in July 2021 after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.以及最后一段内容可知，丘索维金娜结束了自己的运动员生涯，已经退役，退役后她想多花一些时间陪伴自己的儿子。由此可推知，她可能不会参加2028年奥运会。故选D项。
2.Why did Chusovitina choose to compete for Germany ( )
C
A.She could secure a spot more easily in the Olympics.
B.It would guarantee her greater fame.
C.It meant better medical treatment for her son.
D.She was granted German citizenship.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.可知，丘索维金娜加入德国队是因为她的孩子生病，而德国队承诺给她更高的收入，并且给她的孩子提供更好的医疗。故选C项。
3.Which word can best describe Chusovitina as an athlete ( )
B
A.Diligent. B.Persevering. C.Talented. D.Ambitious.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on a Sunday night in July 2021 after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.和第二段中的My mother did not want me to do gymnastics.She was worried about me all the time.I wanted to prove to her that I was not doing it in vain, and I think I eventually succeeded in that以及第六段中的After her son's recovery, Chusovitina continued to compete可知，丘索维金娜作为体操运动员一直坚持在赛场上比赛，在母亲不看好自己从事体育事业的情况下，坚持向母亲证明自己，由此可推测她是一个坚持不懈的人。故选B项。
【知识拓展】形容人的性格品质常用的形容词
caring （乐于助人的）; strong-willed （意志坚强的）; aggressive （有进取心的）；creative （有创造力的）；ambitious （有雄心壮志的）；capable （能力强的）；reliable/dependable （可靠的）; dynamic/energetic （有活力的）; enthusiastic （满腔热情的）；faithful （忠诚的）；generous （宽宏大量的）；independent （独立的）；optimistic （乐观的）；dedicated （有奉献精神的）；patriotic （爱国的）
4.What is the best title for the text ( )
C
A.A Legendary Athlete Fighting in the Olympics B.The Life of a Legendary Athlete
C.A Legendary Athlete, a Brilliant Mother D.A Record Breaker of the Olympics
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on a Sunday night in July 2021 after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.和最后一段中的At last, she told reporters, “My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him.I want to be a mum.”可知，本文以丘索维金娜退役事件开篇，讲述了她既是一名杰出的体操运动员，又是一位伟大的母亲，所以C项“一位传奇的运动员，一位杰出的母亲”适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。
[山东德州2023高二期中] &25& 体裁：说明文 &26& 题材：介绍说明 &27& 词数：241 &28& 难度：&29& &30& 建议用时：7分钟
Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car, while some others
don't.1. . Serious cyclists often arrange to take part in races.
One kind of race is the time trial.Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads
hard for the finish line.The cyclist who covers the distance in the shortest amount of time wins the
race.A time trial is a very safe race for beginners.2. .
Another kind of race is more difficult.A few city blocks are closed to traffic.Then all the racers line
up in a tight pack and begin racing at the same time.They cover many laps （一圈） going around and
around the city blocks.3. . It also requires skilful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed
around other bicycles.The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner.
4. . Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles.The course may be a straight
stretch of roads or a long series of roads across the country.The prize goes to the first person who
crosses the finish line.
C
G
A
D
Between races cyclists stay in good condition by doing exercise that builds up their strength so that
they can keep riding for long periods of time.As cyclists become more experienced, they often join
bicycling groups and become licensed racers.5. . If you're a cyclist, keep practising.You could become
a star.
E
A.The race requires more than speed.
B.Only experienced cyclists can enter the race.
C.For them, bicycling is actually an exciting sport.
D.Road races are usually the longest cycling contests.
E.Then they can enter special races all over the country.
F.Cyclists still need to build themselves up for those races.
G.The bicycles are spread out and are not likely to run into each other.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种自行车赛。
1.___
C
解析 根据上文Some people put their bicycles away once they learn how to drive a car, while some others don't.及下文Serious cyclists often arrange to take part in races.可知，设空处应承上启下，讲述自行车选手的情况。故C项（对他们来说，骑自行车实际上是一项令人兴奋的运动）符合语境。
2.___
G
解析 根据上文One kind of race is the time trial.Each racer leaves the starting line at a different time and heads hard for the finish line.以及A time trial is a very safe race for beginners.可知，自行车计时赛的参赛者在不同的时间离开起跑线，计时赛对初学者来说是非常安全的比赛。G项（这些自行车都分散开了，不太可能相撞）解释了计时赛对初学者来说非常安全的原因，符合语境。
3.___
A
解析 根据下文It also requires skilful handling of the bicycle as it runs at full speed around other bicycles.The racer who completes all the laps first is the winner.可知，这种比赛要求在全速行驶的同时，还要熟练地操作自行车。故A项（这种比赛要求的不仅仅是速度）符合语境。
4.___
D
解析 根据下文Racers have to cover anywhere from 35 miles to almost 3,000 miles.The course may be a straight stretch of roads or a long series of roads across the country.可知，此处介绍的是第三种比赛——自行车公路赛。故D项（公路赛通常是最长的自行车比赛）总起全段，符合语境。
5.___
E
解析 根据上文As cyclists become more experienced, they often join bicycling groups and become licensed racers.可知，当自行车选手有很多经验，而且有了执照后，他们就可以参加各种比赛了。故E项（然后他们可以参加全国各地的特殊比赛）符合语境。
02
Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.This great battle was _______ （vivid） recorded in the documentary film.
vividly
解析 句意为：这部纪录片生动地再现了这场伟大的战役。设空处在句中修饰谓语was recorded,应用副词形式。
2.I had no idea that he did this, but I felt so proud of him after hearing that he finished the task
___________ （remarkable）.
remarkably
解析 句意为：我不知道他做了这件事，但听说他出色地完成了这项任务，我为他感到非常自豪。设空处修饰谓语动词finished，应用副词形式。
3.The tasks for the course involve written ____________ （assign） and practical tests.
assignments
解析 句意为：这门课程的任务包括书面作业和实际操作考试。设空处位于形容词written“书面的”之后，并且与and后的tests为并列关系，故填名词复数形式。
4.The audience burst _____ laughter because of the slip of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good
ladies, evening and gentlemen”.
into
解析 句意为：由于主持人口误说成了“女士好,晚上和先生们”，观众大笑起来。burst into laughter意为“突然大笑起来”，为固定搭配。
5.Once determined and prepared to get over the language barrier, take every opportunity ________
（learn） the language and most importantly, be persistent.
to learn
解析 句意为：一旦下定决心并准备好克服语言障碍，就要抓住每一个学习语言的机会,最重要的是要坚持不懈。opportunity to do sth为固定用法，表示“做某事的机会”，opportunity后常接不定式作后置定语。故填to learn。
6.If you don't give up, your efforts will pay ____.
off
解析 句意为：如果不放弃，你的努力会得到回报的。pay off意为“取得成功”，为固定搭配。
【知识拓展】pay off的常见含义
（1）还清。如：It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.他要用余生的时间才能还清那笔贷款。 （2）取得成功；带来好结果。如：Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈终于带来了成功。
7.The workers, ___ cooperation with the managers, increased the output by 10%.
in
解析 句意为：工作人员与经理们合作，使产量增加了10%。in cooperation with… 为固定短语，意为“与……合作”。
8.____________ （see） the film before, she decided not to go with her friends.
Having seen
解析 句意为：（因为）之前看过这部电影了，她决定不和朋友们一起去了。句子谓语为decided，前有逗号隔开，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式，主语she和see之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且该动作发生在decided这一动作之前,所以应用现在分词的完成式。
9.________ the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally.
Despite
解析 句意为：尽管停电了，这家医院依然继续正常运转。根据句意可知，逗号前后为让步关系，设空处之后为名词短语，故填介词。
10.Last Sunday he flew to Beijing, _______ he attended an important meeting.
where
解析 句意为：上周日他乘飞机到北京，在那儿参加了一个重要会议。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为Beijing，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导该从句。
根据提示补全句子。
1.1997年该乐队突然在乐坛上一炮而红。（burst）
_____ ______ ______ ____________ the music scene in 1997.
The
band
burst
onto/on/upon
2.这座拥有200万人口的城市已经连续10年被认定为世界上生活质量最高的城市。（identify）
The city of 2 million people ____ ______ _________ ___ having the world's highest quality of life for
ten years in a row.
has
been
identified
as
3.给每个孩子分配不同的作业是一项困难的任务。（assign）
__________ _________ __________ ___ each of the children is a difficult task.
Assigning
different
homework
to
解析 assign… to… 为固定搭配,意为“给……分配……”。
4.摄入太多脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压。（contribute）
Eating too much fat can__________ ___ ______ ________ and high blood pressure.
contribute
to
heart
disease
5.得知“天问一号”成功着陆火星的消息，整个研究团队欣喜若狂。（wild）
The whole research team ______ _____ _____ ____ after learning that Tianwen-1 had successfully
landed on Mars.
went
wild
with
joy
6.这首诗提醒我，抓住一切机会去做我们应该做的事情是如此重要。（seize）
The poem reminds me that it is so vital for us to ______ ______ _________________ ___ ____ ______
____ _______ ____.
seize
every
chance/opportunity
to
do
what
we
should
do
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Listening to soft music, as well as _______ （take） exercise, helps a lot in relieving people's sad
emotions.
taking
解析 句意为：听轻柔的音乐以及锻炼身体非常有助于缓解人们的悲伤情绪。此处as well as连接两个并列成分作主语，设空处和Listening在形式上应保持一致，故填动名词形式。
2.It is worthwhile considering what makes convenience foods so popular, and ___________ （introduce）
better ones of your own.
introducing
解析 句意为：考虑是什么让方便食品如此受欢迎，并推出你自己的更好的食品，这是值得的。it is worthwhile doing… 为固定句型，意为“做……是值得的”；and连接两个并列成分，设空处与considering构成并列关系，应用动名词形式。
3.It is characteristic of Jack ________ （turn） up at the last minute, which of course, makes the rest
of us rather annoyed.
to turn
解析 句意为：杰克向来在最后一刻出现，这当然让我们其他人相当恼火。此处考查固定句型“it is +adj.+ of sb + to do sth”，意为“某人做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to turn。
4.______________ （expose） to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to comprehend the local language.
Being exposed
解析 句意为：接触外国文化对我们理解当地语言是有好处的。短语expose sb to sth意为“使某人接触某事物”，此处应用动名词形式作主语，expose的逻辑主语是“我们”，故用被动式。
5.Henry found that ________ （create） music was a relief and cure for his illness.
creating
解析 句意为：亨利发现创作音乐可以缓解和治愈他的疾病。此处that 引导宾语从句，从句的系动词是was，___music在从句中作主语，此处表示抽象性的动作，应用动名词形式。
6.It is no use _________ （stop） him without telling him the truth.
stopping
解析 句意为：不告诉他真相就阻止他是没有用的。it is no use doing sth是固定句型，意为“做某事没有用”。
7.It's a waste of time ________ （play） video games every day.
playing
解析 句意为：每天玩电子游戏是浪费时间。it's a waste of time doing sth是固定句型，本句中It为形式主语，应用动名词作真正的主语。
8.Being caught in a heavy traffic jam ___ （be） quite an unpleasant experience.
is
解析 句意为：陷入严重的交通堵塞是很不愉快的经历。单个的动名词短语作主语，be动词应用第三人称单数形式。
9.Going to bed early and getting up early ___ （be） a very good habit.
is
解析 句意为：早睡早起是一个很好的习惯。动名词短语Going to bed early and getting up early（早睡早起）作主语，表示单数概念，be动词要用单数形式。
10.Bob's ________ （come） to help contributed to the on-time accomplishment of our task.
coming
解析 句意为：鲍勃的帮助有助于我们按时完成任务。本句的谓语为contributed to, 设空处前有名词所有格修饰，应用动名词形式，构成动名词的复合结构。故填coming。
[河南郑州外国语学校2023高二期中] &31& 体裁：说明文 &32& 题材：介绍说明 &33& 词数：204 &34& 难度：&35& &36& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Paris 2024 Olympics and Paralympics unveiled the Phryges as their 1. . （office）
mascots this week, 2. . （show） off cartoonish images that are meeting with wide-ranging
reactions.Phryges are small Phrygian caps （弗里吉亚帽）, 3. . represent a strong symbol of
liberty, inclusivity and the ability of people 4. . （support） great and meaningful causes.The
difference is that the Paralympic mascot wears 5. . prosthetic （假体的） running blade to raise the
profiles of para-athletes and people 6. .disabilities and to promote the sporting values of inclusion.
The mascots are dressed in a red, white and blue colourway, with the golden Paris 2024 logo
across their chests.It's a symbol of revolution and freedom, of striving.The mascot, Phryges, is an icon
7. . （see） over centuries, from the Notre Dame Cathedral to the Eiffel Tower.More 8. .
（specific）, it's the red hat famously worn by Marianne, the artistic symbol of the free French Republic.
official
showing
which
to support
a
with
seen
specifically
The two mascots share a motto of “Alone we go 9. . （fast）, but together we go further”,
and the Olympic Phryge is described as “a person with a calculating brain”, while the Paralympic
Phryge is“spontaneous and full of energy and 10. . （enthusiastic）”.
faster
enthusiasm
【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会和残奥会的官方吉祥物——“弗里热”。
1._______
official
解析 句意为：巴黎2024年奥运会和残奥会于本周公布了将“弗里热”作为官方吉祥物，展示了其卡通形象，这引起了广泛反响。设空处作定语，修饰名词mascots，应用形容词。故填official。
2._________
showing
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式，主语The Paris 2024 Olympics and Paralympics和show off之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填showing。
3._______
which
解析 句意为：弗里热是小弗里吉亚帽的拟人化形象，它是自由、包容和人们有能力支持伟大而有意义的事业的有力象征。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Phryges，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
4.__________
to support
解析 句意见上一题解析。ability为抽象名词，其后常接不定式作后置定语，the ability to do sth意为“做某事的能力”。故填to support。
【知识拓展】不定式作后置定语】
（1）在一些抽象名词attempt, plan, ability, opportunity/chance, right, desire, hope, wish, move, excuse, way等后，常用不定式作后置定语。如：They have now an opportunity to go abroad to study further.他们现在有机会出国深造。（2）当中心词为序数词、形容词最高级、the last、the only等或中心词被这类词所修饰时，多用不定式作后置定语。如：He was the first guest to arrive.他是第一个到达的客人。（3）不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。如：Give me some pieces of paper to write on.给我一些纸写字。
5.___
a
解析 句意为：不同之处在于，残奥会吉祥物佩戴“刀锋”假肢，以提高残奥会运动员和残疾人的形象，并弘扬包容这一体育价值观。prosthetic running blade表示“刀锋假肢”，这里是泛指概念，且prosthetic的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
6._____
with
解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，此空应填介词with，with disabilities表示“有残疾的”，为介词短语，在这里作定语修饰前面的名词people。故填with。
7._____
seen
解析 句意为：从巴黎圣母院到埃菲尔铁塔,吉祥物弗里热是几个世纪以来一直能被看见的标志。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语形式，且an icon和see之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填seen。
8.___________
specifically
解析 句意为：更具体地说，这是玛丽安娜所戴的著名的红帽子，是自由法兰西共和国的艺术象征。设空处作状语修饰后面整个句子，应用副词形式。故填specifically。
9.______
faster
解析 句意为：这两个吉祥物有一个共同的座右铭：“单独走我们走得更快，但一起走我们走得更远”，奥运会弗里热被描述为“一个有计算能力的人”，而残奥会弗里热则是“自发的，充满活力和热情的”。由后文中表示转折的but和副词比较级further可知，此空也应填副词比较级。故填faster。
10.___________
enthusiasm
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处与energy共同作of的宾语，应用名词，enthusiasm意为“热情”时，为不可数名词。故填enthusiasm。
[浙江余姚中学2023高二期中] A
&37& 体裁：记叙文 &38& 题材：人物故事 &39& 词数：328 &40& 难度：&41& &42& 建议用时：7分钟
George Turner, 48, owner of Penuel Bicycles in Inglewood, California, talks with respect about his childhood BMX dirt bike.“I was mad keen on cycling,” he says.“I did whatever it took to get on that bike, as long as I was home before dark.” Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers.But a bike meant escapes.
In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood.He opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles.The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream.Before that, he had worked for years delivering boxes for FedEx while selling bike accessories online.
“Bicycles kept me out of trouble,” George remembers.“They were part of my life.” He figured that was still true for kids when he opened Penuel Bicycles.George expected parents to crowd inside to buy shiny new bikes for their kids.He looked forward to helping boys and girls discover the joy of riding—and stay out of trouble—just as he had.
None of that happened, however.
George found that kids these days lead a different life.Usually, they don't want a bike for their birthday.And most of them ever don't know how to ride a bike.Instead of getting out and riding, they prefer spending their time on their phones indoors.As kids don't ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes.Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, George feared that he had to close the shop.
Then in 2020, the coronavirus pandemic swept the nation.Surprisingly, George's business survived the pandemic.During the pandemic, many American people found that cycling was a good way to exercise and also a safe way to get around.The demand for new bikes kept growing and people in George's neighbourhood pulled out their old bikes and wheeled them to Penuel Bicycles to get repaired.Now he is trying his best to meet his customers' needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的乐趣，他发现现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无法体会骑车的乐趣。乔治于2010年开了一家自行车店，实现了自己的梦想，但生意不是很景气。后来，因疫情的出现，他帮助很多人重拾了骑自行车的乐趣。
1.What did the bike mean to George in his childhood ( )
B
A.Taking up sports. B.Getting away from daily routine.
C.A precious birthday gift. D.A convenient vehicle.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers.But a bike meant escapes.可知，在童年时期，自行车对乔治来说意味着摆脱日常琐事。故选B项。
2.What is George's lifelong dream ( )
C
A.Making a big fortune. B.Being a member of FedEx.
C.Opening his own bicycle shop. D.Helping people pursue riding pleasure.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood.He opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles.The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream.可知，乔治一生的梦想是开一家属于自己的自行车店。故选C项。
3.Why was George's bike business once in a tough situation ( )
A
A.The lifestyle of kids changed. B.He wasn't good at management.
C.Bikes were not as convenient as before. D.His business was affected by the pandemic.
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段内容，尤其是第五段第一句可知，乔治的自行车生意一度陷入困境的原因是孩子们的生活方式改变了，孩子们不再出去享受骑车的乐趣，而是更喜欢在室内玩手机。故选A项。
4.What's the best title for the passage ( )
A
A.Joy on Wheels B.The Passion for Exercise
C.Improvement of Bike Business D.Increasing Demand for New Bikes
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，乔治回忆了童年时期骑自行车的乐趣，他发现现在孩子们生活方式的改变让他们无法体会骑车的乐趣，但疫情让许多人发现了骑自行车的意义。结合最后一段中的Now he is trying his best to meet his customers' needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.可知，“骑行的乐趣”贯穿全文，是文章的线索，所以A项（轮子上的快乐）适合作为本文的最佳标题。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
figure vt.认为 n.数字；人物；体形;雕像
词缀拓展
trans- prefix 成为（另一状态）;横穿
transform vt.使转化；使改观
transcontinental adj.横贯大陆的
[四川绵阳南山中学2022高二半期考试] B
&43& 体裁：说明文 &44& 题材：科学研究 &45& 词数：340 &46& 难度：&47& &48& 建议用时：8分钟
Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.But while it's long been believed that endorphins （内啡肽）—chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner's high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids （内源性大麻素） may be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals.After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being
given a drug to block their endorphins, they were still happy after running.However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runner's high symptoms seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner's high is false.Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on the science blog Lifehacker.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it's already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UK's National Health Service even prescribes exercise to patients suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active.Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it's especially useful for people with mild to moderate （中等的） depression,” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don't fully understand where it comes from.At least if we're feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。跑步通常会让人感到疲劳，但是跑步时产生的兴奋情绪能让人感觉良好，同时有助于改善情绪。本文主要介绍了德国科学家所做的关于跑步产生兴奋感的实验。
1.What did scientists from German universities recently discover ( )
B
A.Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.
B.The runner's high could be caused by endocannabinoids.
C.Endorphins may contribute to one's high spirits after running.
D.The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one's mood.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，德国几所大学的一组科学家最近发表的一项研究表明，一种叫作内源性大麻素的化学物质可能是造成跑步者兴奋的真正原因。由此可知，跑步者的兴奋可能是由内源性大麻素引起的。故选B项。
2.Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment ( )
C
A.To find what reduces the runner's high symptoms.
B.To see the specific symptoms of the runner's high.
C.To identify what is responsible for the runner's high.
D.To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容和第三段中的To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.可知，科学家们要利用老鼠证明跑步者兴奋是由内源性大麻素引起的；再根据第三段中的But after being given a drug… seemed to fade.可知，科学家们用药物分别阻断内啡肽和内源性大麻素并记录老鼠的状态，由此可知，科学家们在实验中给老鼠注射药物的目的是确定跑步者兴奋的原因。故选C项。
3.What does the underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 4 mean ( )
D
A.Effect. B.Goal. C.Question. D.Belief.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后面的Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out可知，内啡肽虽然是一种有效的疼痛舒缓剂，但是只有在锻炼后感到身体和肌肉疼痛时才有效；结合画线词所在句可知，此处表示长久以来认为跑步时的兴奋感是由内啡肽产生的这种观点是错误的，故notion意为“观点；意见”，与belief意义相近。故选D项。
4.What can we learn about workouts according to the UK's National Health Service ( )
B
A.They are the best way to treat depression.
B.They can help ease depression symptoms.
C.They only work for those with serious depression.
D.They can help people completely recover from depression.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it's especially useful for people with mild to moderate depression可知，根据英国国民医疗服务体系，定期锻炼可以缓解抑郁症的症状。故选B项。
长难句分析
But {while it’s long been believed. .that endorphins-chemicals in the body that cause. .
it作形式主语 that 引导主语从句 补充说明 endorphins
happiness-are behind the so-called“runner's high”} 让步状语从句，a study suggested. .
主句
that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
结构分析：本句为包含while引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句。在while引导的让步状语从句中，it作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语,为主系表结构，其中包含由破折号连接的插入性成分，解释说明endorphins的内容。句意：但是虽然长期以来人们一直认为内啡肽——体内分泌的使人感到快乐的化学物质——是所谓的“跑步者快感”背后的原因，但一项研究表明，这一现象可能比我们之前知道的要复杂。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.track n.跑道
2.phenomenon n.现象
3.release vt.释放
[山西运城2023期末] &49& 体裁：记叙文 &50& 题材：体育运动 &51& 词数：215 &52& 难度：&53& &54& 建议用时：15分钟
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.Aiming to . .1. . his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.However, his legs cramped （开始抽筋） and . .2. . him with only 200 metres to go.Determined to . .3. ., Cerveny rose from the ground and continued, only to fall again after another 50 metres.
. .4. ., his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop.He didn't.With great . .5. . Cerveny pulled himself up and with a（n） . .6. . pace, moved forward for one final push.. .7. ., it wasn't enough.100 metres from the finish line, his legs simply . .8. ..
Before his coach could . .9. . him, another runner Brandon was at his side to help.His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he . .10. . to quit too.With a second pull, Cerveny was . .11. ..At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 metres of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for . .12. ..Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first, securing his . .13. . a faster time.
In today's . .14. . world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was . .15. . to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了田径运动员切尔韦尼在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而多次摔倒，另一个运动员布兰登经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像布兰登这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
1.( )A.play B.beat C.check D.measure
B
解析 根据前一句In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.可知，切尔韦尼对自己要求很高，力求打破自己的纪录。beat a record意为“打破纪录”。故选B项。
2.( )A.failed B.warned C.dragged D.raised
A
解析 动词短语fail sb意为“使某人失望；有负于某人；某人无能为力”，此处指切尔韦尼的腿部抽筋，面对剩下的两百米无能为力。故选A项。
【知识拓展】fail一词多义v.
（1）失败；未能（做到）；（2）未做；未履行（某事）；（3）不及格；评定不及格；（4）出故障；失灵;（5）衰退;（6）使失望；有负于；无能为力;（7）倒闭；破产。
3.( )A.rest B.win C.leave D.finish
D
解析 根据本句中rose from the ground and continued可知，切尔韦尼还想继续往前，决心完成比赛。故选D项。
4.( )A.Relieved B.Exhausted C.Concerned D.Disappointed
C
解析 根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。concerned意为“担心的；忧虑的”，符合语境。故选C项。
5.( )A.luck B.effort C.passion D.respect
B
解析 根据语境，切尔韦尼的腿抽筋，站起来很费力。短语with great effort意为“吃力地；经过巨大的努力”，符合语境。故选B项。
6.( )A.rapid B.relaxed C.unsteady D.impatient
C
解析 根据上文With great _______ Cerveny pulled himself up可知，切尔韦尼的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话步伐会不稳定。故选C项。
7.( )A.Normally B.Eventually C.Unbelievably D.Unfortunately
D
解析 根据下文100 metres from the finish line, his legs simply可知，切尔韦尼尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离。unfortunately意为“不幸的是”，符合语境。故选D项。
8.( )A.gave out B.broke up C.fell down D.slowed down
A
解析 根据上文However, his legs cramped and ______ him with only 200 metres to go.可知，切尔韦尼在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，由此可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已变得无力。give out意为“变得无力”；break up意为“破裂;分解”；fall down意为“倒下”；slow down意为“减速”。故选A项。
9.( )A.guide B.reach C.serve D.blame
B
解析 根据空前的Before和后半句的at his side to help可知，教练没能第一时间到达倒下的切尔韦尼身边。故选B项。
10.( )A.refused B.hesitated C.regretted D.pretended
A
解析 根据后文With a second pull, Cerveny was ______. At a measured jog… 可知，尽管第一次没有把切尔韦尼从地上拉起来，但第二次成功了，故可推知，布兰登拒绝放弃。故选A项。
11.( )A.in his hand B.out of breath C.on his feet D.out of danger
C
解析 根据下文At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 metres of the course可知，布兰登拉起了倒下的切尔韦尼，使他站起来。on one's feet意为“站起来”，符合语境。故选C项。
12.( )A.direction B.support C.courage D.comfort
B
解析 根据语境，腿部抽筋的切尔韦尼得到布兰登的支撑，跑完了最后的一段距离。故选B项。
13.( )A.assistant B.teammate C.follower D.opponent
D
解析 根据上文Aiming to ______ his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.并结合常识可知，切尔韦尼是一名运动员，在比赛中，他和布兰登为对手。故选D项。
14.( )A.diverse B.well-developed C.competitive D.ever-changing
C
解析 根据第一段第一句In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.可知，此处指整个世界竞争激烈。故选C项。
15.( )A.urgent B.common C.confusing D.inspiring
D
解析 根据前文布兰登帮助切尔韦尼一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两个人体现出了真正的体育精神，令人鼓舞。故选D项。
03
单元限时小卷
建议用时：52分钟
&55& 体裁：说明文 &56& 题材：科学研究 &57& 词数：321 &58& 难度：&59& &60& 建议用时：8分钟
Foreseeing a time when a patient's own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory-grown bladders （膀胱） into six dogs.
For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person's intestines （肠） and shaping them into a substitute bladder.While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body.“You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala at Boston Children's Hospital.
Other physicians have turned to man-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems.Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ's own cells.
To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into a bladder-shaped shell.They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.
To test this strategy, Atala's group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs.After removing the dogs' bladders, the investigators implanted （将……植入） the artificial ones coming from the dogs' own cells.Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.
Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones.Blood vessels （血管） quickly grew into them.Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders.Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.
While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了波士顿的研究人员成功研制出人造膀胱并成功移植到狗体内。
1.What happens if parts of intestines are shaped into a substitute bladder ( )
A
A.It will make the patient absorb useless things.
B.It will bring the patient a lot of sufferings.
C.It will prevent the patient from absorbing nutrients.
D.It will worsen both the function of the intestines and the bladder.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person's intestines and shaping them into a substitute bladder.和You start absorbing stuff that should be removed可知，将部分肠道塑造成一个替代膀胱，这会让病人吸收一些无用的物质。故选A项。
2.What can we learn about the artificial bladders implanted in dogs ( )
B
A.They worked perfectly as long as three months.
B.They began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks.
C.They proved to be able to work for several years.
D.They did not work properly until a month later.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.可知，植入狗体内的人造膀胱不出一个月就开始像正常膀胱一样起作用。故选B项。
3.Why is it suggested that more testing should be made ( )
C
A.What suits dogs' bladders will also suit human bladders.
B.Dogs' bladders can be implanted into human bodies.
C.Human bladders may well be different from dogs' bladders.
D.Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.可知，为人类植入人造膀胱的研究还没有进入临床试验，并且狗的膀胱只是与人类的膀胱相似，并非完全一样，所以研究人员建议还要进行更多的实验。故选C项。
4.What does the passage mainly talk about ( )
D
A.The way of turning intestines into bladders.
B.The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.
C.The history of making artificial bladders.
D.The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段Foreseeing a time when a patient's own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory-grown bladders into six dogs.以及下文可知，本文主要介绍了波士顿的研究人员成功将用自体细胞培养的人造膀胱移植到狗体内。故选D项。
[辽宁营口2023高二期末] &61& 体裁：说明文 &62& 题材：人际关系 &63& 词数：218 &64& 难度：&65& &66& 建议用时：7分钟
Have you ever had to wait in line at a store and found yourself avoiding eye contact, whether with
employees or other customers You may wish it was easier to meet new people or feel at ease at a
party.1. . This article will show how to reach out to others and start potential friendships.
·Stop worrying about the outcome.
2. . But not every conversation will lead to a new friend.It is completely normal to feel nervous about
the idea of striking up a conversation with someone you don't know.For many people, it can be difficult
to overcome the fear of saying something wrong.Remember that authentic conversations can lead to
increased self-confidence and lasting friendships.
·3. .
Remember that being true to yourself is more important than what strangers think.Who you are is
no less important than who anyone else is.Every person has their own story and journey, and yours is
just as important as anyone else's.4. .
E
F
C
D
·Don't share too much too quickly.
It can sometimes be easy to share a little too much information about yourself, especially if you are
excited or anxious when engaging with strangers.5. . Remember that you are simply having small talk
with someone, not trying to turn them into your instant best friend.
G
A.Share your important stories.
B.This helps advance your friendships.
C.Don't worry what strangers think of you.
D.So be proud of yourself and be honest with yourself.
E.Learning to talk to random people can be challenging but fun and rewarding.
F.A conversation is usually the most common way to start a relationship with another person.
G.But oversharing information may lead to an uncomfortable situation for you and the people involved.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是如何接触他人并发展潜在的友谊。
1.___
E
解析 根据空前的You may wish it was easier to meet new people or feel at ease at a party.可知，该句提出人们都希望轻松结识新朋友或在聚会上感到放松，空后提到这篇文章将展示如何接触他人，发展潜在的友谊。故设空处应表示与陌生人开始接触是一件有难度的事情，E项（学会随机与人交谈可能具有挑战性，但有趣且有益）承上启下，其中的random people与空前的new people相呼应。故选E项。
2.___
F
解析 根据空后的But not every conversation will lead to a new friend.可知，设空处应提到conversation，且But表明设空处与空后为转折关系，F项（交谈通常是与另一个人建立关系的最常见方式）中的conversation与下文相呼应，此处为原词复现。故选F项。
3.___
C
解析 根据设空处所在的位置以及每段标题的句型结构可知，此空为段落小标题，根据下文Remember that being true to yourself is more important than what strangers think.可知，此段讲的是做真实的自己比别人的看法重要，即不用在意别人的看法，C项 （不要担心陌生人对你的看法）符合语境。故选C项。
4.___
D
解析 设空处位于段尾，由此可推测此空是对该段进行总结，根据空前一句内容可知，每个人的经历不同，且每个人的经历都一样重要，D项（所以要为自己感到骄傲，对自己要坦诚）与上文构成因果关系，且与段落主题一致，符合语境。D项中的be honest with yourself与上文中的being true to yourself相呼应。故选D项。
5.___
G
解析 根据小标题 （不要太快分享太多信息） 可知，本段建议人们不要过多分享自己的信息，G项（但是过度分享信息可能会使你和相关人员处于不舒服的状态）中的oversharing与小标题中的share too much too quickly以及空前的share a little too much information about yourself相呼应，且与空前内容为转折关系，符合语境。故选G项。
&67& 体裁：记叙文 &68& 题材：个人经历 &69& 词数：276 &70& 难度：&71& &72& 建议用时：14分钟
Wimbledon, a tennis tournament, was going on.Though I am not a great follower of the game, I decided to . .1. . this one, only because Rafael Nadal was playing.And then there was his . .2. ..“Weird” （古怪的） was the first . .3. . that came into my mind when I saw him—waist-length hair, tongue piercing, tattoos…
As the match began, there were loud . .4. . for Nadal.But as the game . .5. ., it seemed that Nadal was made to run on every rally （连续对打） by this “weirdo”.The . .6. . was shocked.How could he play like this
By the second set, it had become . .7. . that Dustin Brown （by that time everyone knew his name） was beating Nadal . .8. ..So every rally that Brown won, there were loud cheers.Even I had started cheering for him.
My uncle was visiting us that evening.As he saw all this, he said, “Look at all these envious people.They are so happy that an accomplished person is getting . .9. ..”
. .10. . struck me.I started feeling . .11. . that even I was enjoying seeing a great player going down.Even after the . .12. . finished and Brown won, I was low.
My dad saw all this.Before going to sleep, he put his hand on my shoulder and . .13. . in my ear, “They were not cheering because they felt good that a great man was . .14. ..They cheered because that ‘weirdo’ showed everyone that even the best can be beaten if you try hard, no matter how you look.Brown gave them . .15. ..Good night, son!”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者观看一场温布尔登网球锦标赛的经历以及由此经历得到的感悟。
1.( )A.share B.play C.watch D.show
C
解析 根据上文Wimbledon, a tennis tournament, was going on.以及下文的描述可知，此处指作者决定观看这一场温布尔登锦标赛。故选C项。
2.( )A.opponent B.friend C.teammate D.roommate
A
解析 根据下文By the second set, it had become _____ that Dustin Brown （by that time everyone knew his name） was beating Nadal _____.和比赛场景的描述可知，此处应指纳达尔的比赛对手。
3.( )A.person B.reminder C.name D.thought
D
解析 根据空后waist-length hair, tongue piercing, tattoos对布朗的外表的描述可知，作者看到这一陌生球员的第一个想法是他很古怪。故选D项。
4.( )A.voices B.cheers C.feelings D.songs
B
解析 根据下文So every rally that Brown won, there were loud cheers.Even I had started cheering for him.可知，比赛刚开始，观众都为纳达尔大声欢呼。故选B项。
5.( )A.went on B.called on C.kicked off D.set off
A
解析 根据空前的began和空后it seemed that Nadal was made to run on every rally by this “weirdo”可知，随着比赛继续进行下去，似乎每一轮击球纳达尔都被这个“怪异的人”逼得满场跑。go on意为“继续”；call on意为“号召”；kick off意为“开始”；set off意为“出发”。故选A项。
6.( )A.audience B.player C.listener D.visitor
A
解析 根据下文How could he play like this 可知，布朗的表现使观众震惊。故选A项。
7.( )A.doubtful B.meaningful C.wonderful D.obvious
D
解析 结合上文对比赛过程的描述和下文So every rally that Brown won可知，比赛结果显而易见。故选D项。
8.( )A.unfortunately B.effortlessly C.fruitlessly D.basically
B
解析 根据上文说的达斯汀·布朗逼得纳达尔满场跑以及下文So every rally that Brown won可知，达斯汀·布朗毫不费力地打败了纳达尔。unfortunately意为“不幸地”；effortlessly意为“毫不费力地”；fruitlessly意为“徒劳地”；basically意为“主要地”。故选B项。
9.( )A.stricken B.knocked C.beaten D.pushed
C
解析 根据上文My uncle was visiting us that evening.As he saw all this, he said, “Look at all these envious people…”可知，作者的舅舅认为，观众之所以感到兴奋，是因为他们很喜欢看到功成名就的人被打败。故选C项。
10.( )A.Pressure B.Sadness C.Excitement D.Pleasure
B
解析 结合下文I started feeling _____ that even I was enjoying seeing a great player going down.可知，听了舅舅的评论，作者突然感到一阵悲伤，反省自己是否也喜欢看到名人落败。故选B项。
11.( )A.glad B.relaxed C.strange D.guilty
D
解析 根据上文可知，作者为自己的这种喜欢看到名人落败的心态感到愧疚。故选D项。
12.( )A.match B.speech C.test D.struggle
A
解析 根据上文Wimbledon, a tennis tournament, was going on.可知，甚至比赛结束后，作者仍然心情低落。故选A项。
13.( )A.laughed B.joked C.whispered D.warned
C
解析 根据空前My dad saw all this.Before going to sleep, he put his hand on my shoulder可知，父亲观察到作者的情绪，于是睡前在他身边低语，解开他的心结。故选C项。
14.( )A.competing B.improving C.changing D.falling
D
解析 根据下文They cheered because that “weirdo” showed everyone that even the best can be beaten if you try hard, no matter how you look.可知，父亲认为其他观众很兴奋并不是由于看到一个伟大的选手落败，而是看到了一个人如果肯努力，他甚至连顶级巨星都能打败。故选D项。
15.( )A.benefit B.hope C.freedom D.fun
B
解析 根据上文even the best can be beaten if you try hard可知，如果肯努力，即使顶级巨星也有可能被打败，布朗给大家带来的正是这种希望，故选B项。
[广东“深惠湛东”四校2023高二联考] &73& 体裁：说明文 &74& 题材：太空探索 &75& 词数：237 &76& 难度：&77& &78& 建议用时：8分钟
Tianwen-1, China's historic Mars mission, has 1. . （successful） accomplished all its
planned scientific tasks, according to the China National Space Administration.The administration said on
Wednesday that the Tianwen-1 mission orbiter had obtained medium-definition images of the entire planet,
2. . （mark） the completion of its scientific goals.The craft 3. . （circle） Mars
1,344 times so far and will continue to carry out extended remote-sensing operations and
4. . （technology） tests.
Named after an ancient Chinese poem, Tianwen-1 5. . （launch） on July 23,
2020.The craft travelled about 475 million kilometres and carried out several trajectory manoeuvres （变
轨） before entering the Martian orbit in February last year.
Meanwhile, the Zhurong Mars rover （探测器）, 6. . has been in dormant （休眠的） mode
since mid-May, is expected 7. . （restart） explorations in December, when the weather is more
favourable.
successfully
marking
has circled
technological
was launched
which
to restart
The rover, named after the god of fire in ancient Chinese legend, touched down 8. . the planet
on May 15, 2021 and began to travel across the Martian surface a week later.Before it entered dormant
mode, the robot travelled nearly 2,000 metres and obtained much data and many images en route to its
destination—the vast Martian plain where it landed.
By now, the 13 scientific 9. . （instrument） on the orbiter and the rover have
transmitted nearly 1,040 gigabytes （千兆字节） of raw data back to Earth.The data has been delivered
to Chinese scientists and has helped deepen knowledge of 10. . Red Planet.
on
instruments
the
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“天问一号”成功完成了既定探索火星的任务。
1.____________
successfully
解析 句意为：中国国家航天局表示，中国历史性的火星任务“天问一号”已成功完成所有既定科学任务。设空处修饰谓语has accomplished，应用副词。故填successfully。
2.________
marking
解析 句意为：国家航天局在周三表示，“天问一号”任务轨道飞行器已经获得了整个火星的中清晰度图像，标志着其科学目标的完成。分析句子结构可知，said后为宾语从句，从句谓语为had obtained，因此设空处应用非谓语动词形式，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填marking。
3.___________
has circled
解析 句意为：到目前为止，该探测器已经绕火星飞行了1,344圈，并将继续进行远距离遥感操作和技术测试。设空处为and前面分句的谓语，根据时间状语so far可知，应用现在完成时；主语The craft是单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填has circled。
【知识拓展】常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
already, yet, recently, since then, “for+一段时间” “in the last/past+一段时间”, so far, till now, up to now, to date等。
4._____________
technological
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰名词tests，应用形容词作定语。故填technological。
5._____________
was launched
解析 句意为：“天问一号”以一首中国古诗命名，于2020年7月23日发射升空。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语Tianwen-1为单数概念，且与launch 之间为被动关系，July 23, 2020为过去的时间，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。
6._______
which
解析 句意为：与此同时，自5月中旬以来一直处于休眠状态的“祝融号”火星探测器预计将在12月天气更加有利的时候重新开始探索。 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Zhurong Mars rover，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
7._________
to restart
解析 句意见上一题解析。expect sb/sth to do sth为固定短语，意为“预计某人/某物做某事”，此处为其被动形式。故填to restart。
8.____
on
解析 句意为：该探测器以中国古代传说中的火神命名，于2021年5月15日登陆火星，一周后开始在火星表面行驶。根据句意可知，此处表示降落在火星表面，应用介词on。
9.___________
instruments
解析 句意为：到目前为止，轨道飞行器和火星车上的13台科学仪器已经向地球传输了近1,040千兆字节的原始数据。设空处作主语，且前面有数字13修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填instruments。
10.____
the
解析 句意为：这些数据已被发送给中国科学家，帮助加深了人们对火星的了解。空后的Red Planet为独一无二的东西，故应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
&79& 难度：&80& &81& 建议用时：15分钟
假定你是李华，上周三你校开展了羽毛球友谊赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参赛人员；
2.比赛过程；
3.师生感受。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Friendly Badminton Match
___
【写作提示】
1.思路点拨
2.提分词句
be carried out, play a significant role in, be divided into, get involved in, ups and downs, take sb on an emotional roller coaster, try one's best to do sth, build up, one's enthusiasm for…, 过去分词短语作状语，not only… but also… 的倒装结构，which引导的非限制性定语从句等。
【参考范文】
Last Wednesday, a friendly badminton match was carried out in our school, which played a significant role in our colourful school life.
Divided into different groups,100 participants from three grades, mainly students and teachers, got involved in the match actively.Each group of four played against each other.The ups and downs of the match took the audience on an emotional roller coaster.During the game, all the players were highly motivated and tried their best to win, which fully showed the youth and energy of students and their positive attitude towards life.
Not only does the competition provide a convenient and powerful channel for building up students' bodies, but it also greatly inspires their enthusiasm for sports.