外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas必刷题课件(共89张PPT

(共89张PPT)
选择性必修第一册
Unit 5 Revealing nature
01
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Pale yellow________ （seed） grapes are often used for making white wine.
seedless
解析 句意为：淡黄色的无籽葡萄常用于制作白葡萄酒。设空处修饰名词grapes,应用形容词形式；根据句意可知，设空处意为“无籽的”，故填seedless。
2.Fifty workers will be included in a 12-month trial （试验）, who will use a smartphone app to record
the ________ （distant） they travelled each day.
distance
解析 句意为：共50名工作人员将参与这次为期12个月的试验，他们将使用智能手机应用程序记录自己每天行进的距离。设空处作动词record的宾语，其前有定冠词the，其后有定语从句修饰，应用名词形式。
3.Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological _________ （evolve）.
evolution
解析 句意为：达尔文最终提出了生物进化的模型。设空处作介词of的宾语，其前有形容词biological修饰，应用名词形式。故填evolution。
4.A large amount of France's electricity____________ （generate） by nuclear reactors.
is generated
解析 句意为：法国大量的电产生于核反应堆。设空处在句中作谓语，generate与主语之间为被动关系，且此处为客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为A large amount of France's electricity,谓语应用单数形式。
5.Nowadays, cycling is regarded ___ one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
as
解析 句意为：如今，骑自行车运动被认为是最好的全能运动形式之一。regard… as… 为固定搭配，意为“认为……是……”。故填as。
6.For ten days each summer, the square is crowded _____ unusual sights, sounds and smells.
with
解析 句意为：每年夏天有十天，广场呈现一片独特的景象，充斥着不寻常的声音，弥漫着特别的味道。be crowded with… 为固定搭配，意为“挤满……，充满……”。故填with。
7.The caves date back ___ early Viking times in about 800 AD.
to
解析 句意为：这些洞穴可以追溯到大约在公元800年的维京时代早期。date back to为固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。故填to。
8.The threats___ question are quite real.
in
解析 句意为：这里所说的威胁是真实存在的。in question为固定搭配，意为“讨论中的”。故填in。
9.Police arrested over 13,000 people suspected ___ illegally collecting, stealing and purchasing personal
data.
of
解析 句意为：警方逮捕了13,000多名涉嫌非法收集、窃取和购买个人数据的人。suspect sb of （doing） sth意为“怀疑某人（做）某事”，为固定搭配。
10.He made a speech ____wonderfully that everyone present at the conference admired him.
so
解析 句意为：他作了如此精彩的演讲，以至于出席会议的每个人都很钦佩他。设空处修饰副词wonderfully，根据句中的that可知，设空处应填so，构成so… that句型，意为“如此……以至于”。
【易混辨析】so… that与such… that的区别
（1）so… that 引导结果状语从句的结构为：
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句
so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句
so+much/little（少）+不可数名词+that从句
如：He had so little experience that it was not easy for him to solve the problem.他经验太少，对他来说解决这个问题不那么容易。
（2）such… that引导结果状语从句的结构为：
such+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
such+a lot of/lots of+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
如：This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it.=The book is so interesting that we all enjoy reading it.这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。
根据提示补全句子。
1.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（with的复合结构； fix）
I sat in my room for a few minutes _____ ____ _____ ______ ____ ____ _______.
with
my
eyes
fixed
on
the
ceiling
解析 此处为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，my eyes与fix之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词短语作宾补。
2.做所有事情的第一步都是要把身体调节到最佳状态。 （the first… to do； adjust）
_____ _____ _____ ___ ____ __________ ___ _______ _____ ______ ___ the peak state.
The
first
step
to
do
everything
is
adjust
your
body
to
3.这家超市商品种类繁多，能满足不同消费者的需求。（variety）
The supermarket has ___ ______ _______ ___ _______, which can meet the needs of different
consumers.
a
large
variety
of
goods
4.宣纸，被称为文房四宝之一，最早出现于唐朝时期的宣州。（exist）
Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of the Study, first ______ ___ ______ in Xuanzhou
Prefecture in the Tang Dynasty.
came
to
exist
5.夏洛特·勃朗特的第一本小说出版后掀起了一场风暴。（storm）
When Charlotte Brontё published her first novel, it _______ ___ ______.
caused
a
storm
&1& 体裁：记叙文 &2& 题材：人物介绍 &3& 词数：219 &4& 难度：&5& &6& 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There was a good chance for a young man 1. . （call） Charles Darwin.He was promised to
profit from the visit to distant countries yet little known.He 2. . （attract） by rocks, plants
and animals.So he started 3. . journey on the ship, the Beagle, to study various living things in their
natural environments.A question came to his mind: how did different species come to exist He found
some species of animals were similar to each other.Maybe they evolved as they adapted 4. . the
changing environments.This idea inspired him 5. . （search） for more evidence.
When the ship arrived on the Gal?pagos Islands in 1835, Darwin noticed a 6. .
（different） between the finches on each island.It seemed their beaks 7. . （evolve）
according to what food could be found on that particular island.Over time, they had slowly evolved into
many new species.So he believed that new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier
ancestors.8. . （final）, Darwin explained this theory in his book On the Origin of Species,
called
was attracted
a
to
to search
difference
had evolved
Finally
9. . was not published until 1859.This book immediately caused a storm.People were shocked, but
Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people believed his theory.Nowadays,
the book has become one of the 10. . （important） works ever written, which has
changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
which
most important
1._______
called
解析 call与a young man之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故设空处应用过去分词作后置定语。
2._____________
was attracted
解析 此处讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；attract与He之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
3.___
a
解析 journey在文中第一次出现，泛指“一次旅行”，journey的发音以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a修饰。
4.___
to
解析 adapt to意为“适应”。
5._________
to search
解析 inspire sb to do sth意为“激励某人做某事”，为固定搭配。
6.__________
difference
7.____________
had evolved
8._______
Finally
解析 设空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。
9._______
which
解析 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。
10.______________
most important
解析 “one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。
&7& 体裁：说明文 &8& 题材：介绍说明 &9& 词数：179 &10& 难度：&11& &12& 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We all know that fish live in the water.But there is a kind of fish living in the desert.The fish is
called the lungfish.It is a type of freshwater fish best known for its 1. . （able） to live on land
without water for months, and sometimes even for years.
As its name suggests, the lungfish has a highly evolved breathing system 2. . can take
oxygen straight from the air, just like land animals do.While it still lives in the water, the lungfish
needs to 3. . （regular） come up to the surface for air.And 4. . is astonishing is that the
lungfish can even die if it is in the water for a long time.Therefore, it needs to avoid 5. .
（put） underwater.
When in the water, the lungfish behaves like other 6. . （type） of fish, swimming and eating
small fish at 7. . bottom of ponds and lakes.But when the dry season hits, the lungfish will bury
itself deep into the mud, where it secretes mucus （分泌黏液） out of its skin that hardens to form a
protective cocoon （防护膜） around it.Only the mouth 8. . （leave） for breathing.
ability
that/which
regularly
what
being put
types
the
is left
The lungfish is one of the most ancient bony fish 9. . （discover） on Earth today.It is
very much like the fish that 10. . （live） two hundred million years ago.And now the lungfish is
found only in Africa, South America and Australia.
discovered
lived
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了一种生活在沙漠中的“肺鱼”。它们能在没有水的陆地上生活数月，有时甚至数年。
1._______
ability
解析 空前的its为形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词。故填ability。
2.__________
that/which
解析 has为主句谓语动词， a highly evolved breathing system为宾语，后面的句子对其起修饰作用，即限制性定语从句。先行词指物，且关系词在定语从句中充当主语，故填关系代词that/which。
3._________
regularly
解析 此处修饰后面的动词短语,应用副词。故填regularly。
4.______
what
解析 句意为：令人惊讶的是，肺鱼如果长时间待在水里甚至会死亡。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。
5.__________
being put
解析 avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。动词put和逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式。故填being put。
6.______
types
解析 type意为“类型”,是可数名词。此处泛指其他类型的鱼，应用复数形式。故填types。
7.____
the
解析 at the bottom of… 为固定搭配，意为“在……的底部”，故填the。
8._______
is left
解析 句意为：只剩下嘴来呼吸。设空处作谓语，leave和主语the mouth之间为被动关系，且本句是在陈述客观事实，所以需用一般现在时的被动语态。the mouth为单数概念,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is left。
9.__________
discovered
解析 分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处与其之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词fish，discover与fish之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填discovered。
10.______
lived
解析 the fish 为介词like的宾语，后面的句子起修饰作用，即限制性定语从句，that指代先行词the fish，在从句中作主语，设空处在从句中作谓语。根据时间状语two hundred million years ago可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填lived。
A
&13& 体裁：说明文 &14& 题材：介绍说明 &15& 词数：279 &16& 难度：&17& &18& 建议用时：7分钟
When scientists go to a forest to study monkeys and their habits and behaviour, how do they identify the monkeys
In the past, scientists had to make marks on each of the animals to tell them apart.But in the future, they may have a much easier way to tell them apart thanks to facial recognition technology.
A research team from China's Northwest University is using facial recognition technology to identify thousands of snub-nosed monkeys that live in Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province.
Similar to human facial recognition, the technology that is used to identify monkeys uses their facial features to create a database that includes every monkey, Xinhua reported.
“When the system is fully developed, we can connect it with cameras set up in the mountains.The system will automatically recognise the monkeys, name them and analyse their behaviour,” said Zhang He, a member of the research team.
“For each snub-nosed monkey, we have 700 to 800 image samples, and the recognition success rate is 94 percent,” Zhang added.
“We used mobile phones and portable cameras with the monkeys in tests at distances ranging from about 3 to 10 metres,” said He Gang, also a member of the research team.“With the help of the devices, we don't need to disturb the monkeys while studying them.”
Compared to human facial recognition technology, facial recognition technology for monkeys is more difficult because of their hairier faces.The colour of their hair causes them to blend （融入） into the environment.These factors make it harder for computers to identify them.
Currently, there are about 4,000 snub-nosed monkeys living in Qinling Mountains.The team's goal is to successfully identify every monkey that lives there.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种鉴别猴子的新技术。
1.What problem did scientists face in the past while studying monkeys ( )
B
A.How to mark them. B.How to tell them apart.
C.How to understand their behaviour. D.How to observe them clearly.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In the past, scientists had to make marks on each of the animals to tell them apart.可知，过去，科学家在研究猴子时遇到的问题是如何区分它们。故选B项。
2.What do we know about facial recognition technology for monkeys ( )
D
A.It is now widely used in China.
B.It works better than human facial recognition.
C.It will use monkeys' behaviour to create a database.
D.It can help scientists study monkeys without disturbing them.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的When the system is fully developed, we can connect it with cameras set up in the mountains.The system will automatically recognise the monkeys, name them and analyse their behaviour和第七段可知，用于辨别猴子的面部识别技术可以帮助科学家在不干扰猴子的情况下研究它们。故选D项。
3.What do the underlined words “These factors” in Paragraph 8 refer to
a.Image samples. b.Hairy faces. c.Hair colour. d.The environment.( )
C
A.ab. B.ac. C.bc. D.bd.
解析 词义猜测题。根据第八段中的… facial recognition technology for monkeys is more difficult because of their hairier faces.The colour of their hair causes them to blend into the environment.可知，These factors指代猴子多毛的脸和它们毛发的颜色。故选C项。
4.What is the author's main purpose in writing the article ( )
A
A.To introduce a new technology to identify monkeys. B.To show the importance of studying monkeys.
C.To compare different ways to identify monkeys.
D.To explain difficulties in developing a new system.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段A research team from China's Northwest University is using facial recognition technology to identify thousands of snub-nosed monkeys that live in Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province.和最后一段中的The team's goal is to successfully identify every monkey that lives there.可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种鉴别猴子的新技术。故选A项。
长难句分析
Similar to human facial recognition, the technology that is used. .
形容词短语作状语. .to identify monkeys uses their facial features to create a database
that引导的定语从句，修饰technology
that includes every monkey, Xinhua reported.
that引导的定语从句，修饰database
句意：据新华社报道，与人类的面部识别类似，用于识别猴子的这项技术使用它们的面部特征来创建一个数据库，每只猴子都在数据库内。
[山东烟台2023高二期中] B
&19& 体裁：说明文 &20& 题材：自然探秘 &21& 词数：336 &22& 难度：&23& &24& 建议用时：8分钟
Honeybees rely heavily on flower patterns not just colours when searching for food, new research shows.
A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee's-eye-view simulations （模拟） to work out how they see flowers.
Honeybees have low-resolution vision, so they can only see a flower's pattern clearly when they are within few centimetres.However, the new study shows bees can very effectively distinguish between different flowers by using a combination of colour and patterns.
In a series of tests, bees rarely ignored patterns, suggesting colour alone does not lead them to flowers.This may help to explain why some colours that are visible to bees are rarely produced by flowers in nature.
“We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour,” said Professor Natalie Hempel, from Exeter's Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour.“By training and testing bees using man-made patterns of shape and colour, we found they relied flexibly on their ability to see both of these elements.Showing how insects see colour and learn colour patterns is important to understand how pollinators （传粉者） may, or may not, create evolutionary ‘pressures' on the colours and patterns that flowers have evolved.Our findings suggest that flowers don't need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.”
One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant's leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour.This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers.
While flowers may be beautiful to humans, Professor Hempel stressed that understanding more about bees and the threats they face meant we need to see the world “through the eyes of a bee and the mind of a bee”.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍最新的研究发现：蜜蜂在寻找食物时，不单是靠花朵的颜色，而且高度依赖花朵的式样。
1.What does the new research focus on ( )
B
A.The source of bees' food supply. B.The way of bees finding flowers.
C.The effect of bees' poor eyesight. D.The evolution of bees' behaviour.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee's-eye-view simulations to work out how they see flowers.可知，新的研究专注于蜜蜂的行为，并建立了模拟蜜蜂视角的装置，以研究蜜蜂是如何找到花的。故选B项。
2.What aspect of research into bees did Hempel highlight ( )
A
A.Research data. B.Research methods. C.Research objects. D.Research frequency.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中亨普尔的话We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour可知，对于蜜蜂的研究，亨普尔注重研究关于植物和蜜蜂行为的数据。故选A项。
3.What does Hempel think of flowers trying to evolve more colours ( )
A
A.It's not a must. B.It's a pressing need. C.It's beyond belief. D.It's a temporary solution.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中亨普尔的话Our findings suggest that flowers don't need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.可知，亨普尔认为花朵并不需要进化出更多颜色。故选A项。
4.What's Paragraph 6 mainly about ( )
D
A.An explanation of the research intention. B.Dramatic changes in the research strategy.
C.Conflict between different research outcomes. D.Supporting evidence for the research findings.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的Our findings suggest that flowers don't need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.可知，研究发现蜜蜂通过式样来找到花朵；再根据第六段内容可知，花朵外缘与叶子形成强烈对比，以便蜜蜂识别并找到它们，所以第六段是支持研究结论的证据。故选D项。
长难句分析
While flowers may be beautiful to humans, { Professor Hempel
While引导让步状语从句
stressed that understanding more about bees and the threats they
宾语从句的主语
face meant we need to see the world “through the eyes of a bee
宾语从句的谓语 省略引导词的宾语从句，作meant的宾语
and the mind of a bee”}主句.
结构分析：本句是一个主从复合句，While引导让步状语从句，主句为主谓宾结构，宾语是that引导的从句，在该从句中，又包含一个主谓宾结构，宾语部分为省略引导词的宾语从句。
句意：虽然花朵对人类来说可能很漂亮，但亨普尔教授强调，多了解蜜蜂以及它们所面临的威胁意味着我们需要“通过蜜蜂的眼睛并以蜜蜂的思维”来看待这个世界。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.rely on 依靠；信赖
2.distinguish v.区分；辨别
3.ignore vt.忽视；不予理睬
4.element n.要素；基本部分
5.tell… apart区分；辨别
[浙江A9协作体2023高二期中] &25& 体裁：说明文 &26& 题材：自然探密 &27& 词数：229 &28& 难度：&29& &30& 建议用时：7分钟
Why Do Dogs Roll in the Grass
If your dog is anything like mine, she loves rolling around in a patch of grass any chance she
gets.And it always cracks me up to watch my dog, Nala, have the time of her life.1. . Is she cooling
off Is she just super happy What could it be Here are some of the most common explanations
behind this behaviour.
2. . It's important to remember how incredibly powerful your dog's nose is.They are picking up on
hundreds of subtle scents （气味） that we can't even comprehend! Sometimes they want to enjoy a
scent they've found in the grass and will roll around in it to do just that.
She's cooling off.3. . It might even be a little wet from a sprinkler—the perfect place for your
dog to cool off in.
She's covering up her own scent.There's another smelly reason why your pup may be rolling around
in that patch of grass.Some experts hold the view that dogs may roll in the grass to cover their own
scent.4. .
C
B
D
F
She's scratching an itch （痒）.It's good to rule out any allergies and make sure your dog isn't
rolling a ton to scratch a constantly itchy back or side, but otherwise, it's probably normal that she's
having a good time.
5. . I'm not sure about you, but now I'm even thinking about joining mine next time.
G
A.She's having fun.
B.She's enjoying a smell.
C.But I've always wondered why she actually does it.
D.If it's a particularly hot day, the grass may look extra appealing to your dog.
E.It is not uncommon to see dogs rolling in the grass around particular times of year.
F.In other words, they want to smell like the environment so they don't scare off prey （猎物）.
G.If you notice your dog rolling around in the grass, it's probably just her having the best time ever.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了狗为什么会在草地上打滚。
1.___
C
解析 根据Is she cooling off Is she just super happy What could it be 可知，空后提出了一些问题，说明设空处应该为提出这些问题的原因，就是作者一直在想为什么狗要在草地上打滚。C项（但我一直想知道它为什么这么做）符合语境。
2.___
B
解析 根据空后的内容可知，本段介绍狗在草地上打滚的原因之一是它们喜欢草地散发出的气味。设空处为本段主旨句，应概括本段内容，B项（它正在享受一种味道）符合语境。且B项中的enjoying a smell和下文中的enjoy a scent相呼应。
3.___
D
解析 根据She's cooling off.以及空后的It might even be a little wet from a sprinkler—the perfect place for your dog to cool off in.可知，本段主要介绍狗在草地上打滚是因为天气热的时候，草地上比较凉快。D项（如果天气特别热，草地可能会对你的狗特别有吸引力）符合语境。
4.___
F
解析 根据Some experts hold the view that dogs may roll in the grass to cover their own scent.可知，设空处需要进一步说明为什么狗需要在草地上打滚来掩盖自己的气味。F项（换言之，它们想闻上去和周围的环境味道一致，这样就不会吓跑猎物）符合语境。
5.___
G
解析 根据I'm not sure about you, but now I'm even thinking about joining mine next time.可知，此处承接上文，总结狗在草地上打滚的时候应该是它最开心的时光。G 项（如果你注意到你的狗在草地上打滚，那很可能只是它在享受它最好的时光）符合语境。
02
Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The temperature was well below________ （freeze） point, and lakes and rivers______ （freeze） over.
freezing
froze
解析 句意为：气温远远低于零度，湖面和河面都结冰了。第一空修饰名词point，应用形容词，freezing point意为“冰点”；第二空作第二个分句的谓语，根据前面的was可知，该分句应用一般过去时，freeze的过去式为froze。
2.Early _________ （detect） of cancers can greatly increase the chances of curing even if you haven't
had any symptoms yet.
detection
解析 句意为：即使你现在什么症状也没有，及早发现癌症能大大增加治愈的可能性。设空处作主语，其前有形容词Early修饰，其后有of cancers限定，应用名词形式。
3.Doctors have warned that drinking may be_________ （blame） for one in four cases of dementia
（痴呆）.
to blame
解析 句意为：医生们发出警告：患痴呆的人中的四分之一可能是由饮酒造成的。be to blame for意为“归咎于；应该为……负责任”。
【知识拓展】不用于被动语态的词或短语
blame, come true, take place, happen, occur, belong, break out, appear, last, exist等词或短语不用于被动语态。
4.The maidenhair tree （银杏树） is native ___ China and widely planted for various uses in traditional
medicine and as a source of food.
to
解析 句意为：银杏树原产于中国，因在传统医药方面的多种用途和作为一种食物来源而被广泛种植。be native to… 意为“原产于……；源于……的”，为固定搭配。
5.Daily newspaper circulation had declined ____ about 2%, dropping from 528 million in 2016 to 519
million in 2017.
by
解析 句意为：日报发行量下降了大约2%，从2016年的5.28亿下降到2017年的5.19亿。根据句意及设空处后的about 2%可知，此处指下降的幅度，decline后应用介词by,意为“下降了……”。
【知识拓展】decline to… 下降到……
reduce by… 减少了……reduce to…
减少到……increase by… 增加了……
increase to… 增加到……
6.Despite their many differences, all human beings share several distinctive _____________
（characteristic）, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.
characteristics
解析 句意为：尽管有很多不同之处，但所有的人都有几个共同的鲜明特征，如大脑的体积大和双腿能直立行走。characteristic在此意为“特征；特性”，为可数名词，且设空处前有several修饰，故用复数。
7.Try not to link your sense of self-worth _______ the opinions of others.
to/with
解析 句意为：尽量不要把你的自我价值感和别人的意见联系起来。link… to/with… 意为“将……和……联系起来”，为固定搭配。
8.With her talent and determination, it appears_____ the sky could be the limit for Alice.
that
解析 句意为：凭借她的天赋和决心，艾丽丝似乎前途无量。it appears that… 意为“似乎……”，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。
9.Chang'e lunar probes are named after a famous Chinese fairy, who is said______________ （fly） to
the moon.
to have flown
解析 句意为：嫦娥月球探测器是以中国一位有名的仙女的名字命名的，据说她已经飞到了月亮上。be said to do为固定表达，此处飞到月亮上这个动作已经完成。
10.____________ （surprising）, maths was voted their favourite subject.
Surprisingly
解析 句意为：令人吃惊的是，数学被评为他们最喜爱的科目。此处作评注性状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词。
根据提示补全句子。
1.它们这样做既是为了散播自身的气味，也是为了赶走潜在的侵入者。（drive）
They do this both to spread their scent and to ______ ______ _________ intruders.
drive
away
potential
2.火星的大气层只含有微量的水。
The Martian atmosphere contains only _____ _________ ___ ______.
tiny
amounts
of
water
3.仍有许多未知生物有待发现。（remain）
There are still ______ _________ _________ __________ ___ ____ __________.
many
unknown
creatures
remaining
to
be
discovered
4.这一大片林地是许多鸟类和其他野生动物的家园。 （home）
This large woodland___ ______ ___ many birds and other wildlife.
is
home
to
5.这两个人交谈着，肩并肩走过长长的走廊。（side）
Talking to each other, the two men walked_____ ____ _____ through the long gallery.
side
by
side
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.By the end of last semester, we____________ （cover） the three compulsory English textbooks.
had covered
解析 句意为：到上学期结束，我们已经学完了三本必修英语教材。根据时间状语By the end of last semester可知，此处应用过去完成时。故填had covered。
2.Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what_____________ （happen）.
had happened
解析 句意为：看到约翰眼里含着泪水冲进房间，我问他发生了什么事。分析句子结构可知，what引导宾语从句，happen表示的动作发生在ask表示的动作之前，主句用了一般过去时，故从句表示的动作发生在“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故填had happened。
3.She realized that his letter in response to her request _____________ （contain） a firm refusal.
had contained
解析 句意为：她意识到他在回复她请求的信中坚决拒绝了她。动词contain意为“包含”，和从句的主语letter构成主动关系。“回信拒绝请求”发生在“她意识到”之前，所以应用过去完成时。故填had contained。
4.The manager got to the company hurriedly, only to find that he ________ （leave） his laptop and
files at home.
had left
解析 句意为：经理匆忙赶到公司，结果却发现他把笔记本电脑和文件夹忘在家里了。分析句子可知，got to the company用的是一般过去时，电脑和文件夹忘在家里应该发生在经理赶到公司之前，所以是“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had left。
5.Peter _____________ （intend） to take up the job offer, but finally rejected it due to the long
commuting time.
had intended
解析 句意为：彼得本打算接受这份工作，但由于通勤时间太长，他最终拒绝了。根据后文but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had intended。
6.It was the first time that China's lecture__________________ （deliver） from the orbiting Chinese
Space Station.
had been delivered
解析 句意为：这是中国首次在中国轨道空间站进行授课。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型it was the first time that…，意为“这是第一次……”。该句型中主句为一般过去时，从句要用过去完成时，且deliver与China's lecture之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填had been delivered。
7.If I _____________ （criticise） him bitterly, he might have corrected his mistake sooner.
had criticised
解析 句意为：如果我严厉地批评他，他可能会更快地改正错误。由might have corrected可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，If从句中用过去完成时，故填had criticised。
8.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we _____________ （assume）
previously.
had assumed
解析 句意为：手写所有邀请函比我们之前想象的要耗时。设空处为从句谓语动词，assume发生在主句描述的情况之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had assumed。
9.The editor_________________________ （edit） the article for three hours before it was published.
had edited/had been editing
解析 句意为：这篇文章发表前，这个编辑校订了三个小时。分析句子可知，设空处作主句谓语。根据before it was published可知，“校订”这一动作发生在“过去的过去”，“校订文章”在“出版”之前已完成，用过去完成时；也可强调“在出版之前的三个小时内一直在校订”，应用过去完成进行时。故填had edited或had been editing。
10.By the time Henry was 12 years old, he _____________ （collect） more than a thousand stamps.
had collected
解析 句意为：亨利到12岁时已经收集了一千多张邮票。根据时间状语By the time Henry was 12 years old可知，主句应用过去完成时，表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成的动作。故填had collected。
[全国新高考Ⅰ2022] &31& 体裁：说明文 &32& 题材：动物保护 &33& 词数：237 &34& 难度：&35& &36& 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park
（GPNP）.1. . （cover） an area about three times 2. . size of Yellowstone National Park,
the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.The plan will extend protection to a
significant number of areas that 3. . （be） previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing
protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4. . （increase） effectiveness and reduce
inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP
5. . （design） to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity
（完整性） of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,
6. . leaving behind precious natural assets （资产） for future generations”.The GPNP's main goal is
Covering
the
were
to increase
is designed
and
to improve connectivity between separate 7. . （population） and homes of giant pandas, and
8. . （eventual） achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9. . an umbrella species （物种）, bringing protection to a host of plants
and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide
stronger protection for all the species 10. . live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly
improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
populations
eventually
as
that
【语篇导读】中国将在明年建立大熊猫国家公园，主要目的是改善大熊猫不同种群和栖息地之间的连通性，并最终达到理想的野生种群数量水平。
1._________
Covering
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将是我国首批国家公园之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语will be，且与此处之间无连词连接，所以此处用非谓语动词形式；the GPNP与cover之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。此处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Covering。
2.____
the
解析 此处为“倍数+the size of+其他”结构，表示“……的大小是……的几倍”。故填the。
3.______
were
解析 句意为：该计划将把保护范围扩大到许多以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区归为一个部门管辖，以提高效率并减少管理上的不协调。结合句意并根据其后的previously可知，此处用一般过去时；that指代前面的areas，在定语从句中作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were。
4.___________
to increase
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
5.___________
is designed
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园设立的目的是体现“保持自然生态系统的原真性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态安全屏障，给子孙后代留下珍贵的自然资产”的指导原则。根据句意以及第三段中的is intended to可知，此处指建立大熊猫国家公园的目的，为客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The GPNP与design之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is designed。
6._____
and
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，上下文之间为并列关系。故填and。
7.___________
populations
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善大熊猫不同种群和栖息地之间的连通性，并最终达到理想的野生种群数量水平。population在此处意为“种群”，为可数名词。根据前面的separate可知，此处应用复数形式。故填populations。
8.__________
eventually
解析 句意见上一题解析。此处修饰后面的动词achieve，应用副词形式。故填eventually。
9.___
as
解析 句意为：大熊猫也是伞护种，为中国西南地区和西北地区的许多动植物提供保护。serve as是固定短语，意为“充当;担任”。故填as。
10._____
that
解析 句意为：大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫分布区内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并极大改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为species，指物,关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词前面有all修饰，应用that引导。故填that。
[湖北宜城一中、枣阳一中等六校2023高二期中联考] A
&37& 体裁：说明文 &38& 题材：动物奥秘 &39& 词数：358 &40& 难度：&41& &42& 建议用时：8分钟
It might seem like a fish doesn't need a car but fishes actually make pretty good drivers, according to a new experiment.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Be'er Sheva, Israel, taught six goldfish to drive a motorised water tank.Whenever the fish swam near one of the tank's walls, facing outwards, the vehicle moved in that direction.That these fish could move on land gave the researchers the conclusion that fishes' understanding of space and direction is not limited to their natural environment.
The goldfish were educated on how to drive during about a dozen 30-minute sessions.The researchers trained each fish to drive from the centre of a small room to a pink board on one wall by giving the fish a treat whenever it reached the wall.The fish was equipped with a camera that continually tracked the fish driver's position inside the tank.
In the experiment, during their first sessions, the fish averaged about 2.5 successful trips to the target.During their final sessions, they averaged about 17.5 successful trips.Finally, the animals also took faster, more direct routes to their goal.
In further experiments, the goldfish were still able to reach the pink board when starting from random positions around the room, rather than the centre.This finding confirmed that the fish had not merely memorised a set of movements to reach their reward, but were planning routes towards their prize each time.When the researchers tried to hoax the goldfish by placing boards of different colours on the other walls or moving the pink board to the other side of the room, the fish were not fooled, and navigated to the pink board.
Behavioural neuroscientist Kelly Lambert was “not completely surprised” by the driving abilities of the fish.In her research at the University of Richmond in Virginia, Lambert has taught rats to drive toy cars.“But teaching goldfish to navigate such unfamiliar land takes animal driving experiments to the next level,” Lambert said.“I love the fish-out-of-water idea.When it comes to testing the limits of animal navigation, it's important to diversify and expand our tasks and our species.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的实验表明，鱼实际上是很好的司机，它们的空间感和方向感不受环境的限制。文章主要介绍了研究开展的过程。
1.How did the researchers train the fish to drive ( )
A
A.By offering rewards for the fish's successful trips. B.By making use of the fish's sense of colour.
C.By setting examples to the fish beforehand. D.By playing training videos to the fish.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The researchers trained each fish to drive from the centre of a small room to a pink board on one wall by giving the fish a treat whenever it reached the wall.可知，研究人员通过对成功到达指定位置的鱼提供奖励，来训练这些鱼“驾驶”。故选A项。
2.How does Paragraph 4 mainly develop ( )
B
A.By providing examples. B.By making comparisons.
C.By analysing reasons. D.By drawing conclusions.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，该段介绍了不同实验阶段的结果，并将结果进行对比，故第四段的写作手法为对比。故选B项。
3.What does the underlined word “hoax” in Paragraph 5 mean ( )
D
A.Treat. B.Amuse. C.Catch. D.Trick.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文the fish were not fooled, and navigated to the pink board 可知，当研究人员试图通过在其他墙壁上放置不同颜色的木板或将粉色木板移到房间的另一侧来欺骗金鱼时，金鱼并没有上当，而是开向了粉色木板，故画线词含义为“欺骗”。故选D项。
4.What does the text mainly talk about ( )
C
A.Fishes are being studied. B.Fishes are smart animals.
C.Fishes are good drivers. D.Fishes are popular pets.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段It might seem like a fish doesn't need a car but fishes actually make pretty good drivers, according to a new experiment.并结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究，说明了鱼具有很好的方向感和空间感，且不受环境的限制，并介绍了研究开展的过程。由此可知，C项能够概括本文的主旨。故选C项。
[辽宁重点高中沈阳市郊联体2023高二期中] B
&43& 体裁：说明文 &44& 题材：海洋生态 &45& 词数：305 &46& 难度：&47& &48& 建议用时：8分钟
The climate change in California has caused terrible damage to California's marine ecosystems.Untold billions of sea stars, or starfish, from at least 20 species disappeared from the entire Pacific coast because of the marine heatwaves.In the absence of sunflower sea stars, a major predator of sea urchins （海胆）, the urchin population exploded.They laid waste to kelp （巨藻） forests already weakened by high ocean temperature.
However, Central California's kelp ecosystems have done somewhat better than those in Northern California.A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role the sea otter （海獭）—a natural predator of urchins—plays in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.
The research project spanned three years, during which intensive underwater surveys produced some very interesting data about sea otters' behaviour.Sea otters have very high metabolism （新陈代谢） that keeps them warm in icy waters and which also makes them greedy consumers of shellfish, urchins, and fish—sea otters can eat 25 percent of their body weight in food in a day.At the observed sites, as the urchin population grew, the otter's diet shifted to becoming more heavily dependent on urchins.In fact, the otters were eating three times as many urchins as they had been before 2014.As a result, they provided crucial protection from urchins to the kelp forests.
The fact that otters were able to contribute to the health of the surviving kelp forests by keeping the urchin population in check provides Smith with hope for the continued survival of kelp forests.“The important thing is that the urchins are ultimately reduced,” he says.“The sea otters have maintained patches of kelp forests that can then help refill the barren areas to enhance the recovery of forests.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加州气候变化造成海胆泛滥，从而影响到当地的巨藻林，研究发现海獭捕食海胆对巨藻林有一定的保护作用。
1.What influence does climate change have on California's marine ecosystems ( )
D
A.A greater diversity of marine species. B.The disappearance of urchins.
C.An explosive growth of sea stars. D.The weakening of kelp forests.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的They laid waste to kelp forests already weakened by high ocean temperature.可知，气候变化引起海水温度变高，海胆数量激增，进而影响到了巨藻林。故选D项。
2.What is the study led by Joshua Smith about ( )
C
A.Urchins' response to ocean warming. B.The reproduction of marine animals.
C.Sea otters' role in protecting kelp forests. D.The current condition of marine ecosystems.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的examines the role the sea otter—a natural predator of urchins—plays in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay 可知，该研究主要是调查海獭在保护现存巨藻林方面所起的作用。故选C项。
3.What is a direct result of the shift in sea otters' diet ( )
C
A.The sea otters are more likely to stay warm. B.The shellfish population has exploded.
C.Sea urchins' threat to kelp forests is relieved. D.The kelp forests have made a full recovery.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的As a result, they provided crucial protection from urchins to the kelp forests.可知，大量的海胆被海獭捕食，海胆对巨藻林的威胁得到了缓解。故选C项。
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text ( )
A
A.Sea Otters Rescue Kelp Forests B.Marine Species in Danger
C.Sea Urchins Are Destroying Kelp Forests D.Sea Otters Increase Kelp Forests' Carbon Storage
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role the sea otter—a natural predator of urchins—plays in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.可知，本文主要介绍海獭捕食海胆在保护现存的巨藻林方面起到的作用。故A项最适合作为本文的标题。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.intensive adj.密集的；十分细致的
2.crucial adj.至关重要的
3.ultimately adv.最终；根本上
4.enhance vt.增强；提高
词缀拓展
eco- prefix 与环境相关的，生态（的）
ecosystem n.生态系统
[安徽宣城六校2023高二期中联考] &49& 体裁：记叙文 &50& 题材：文化之旅 &51& 词数：256 &52& 难度：&53& &54& 建议用时：13分钟
I had a great dream when I was in my twenties.I wanted to travel around Africa with my . .1. ..So I left my hometown with great confidence and . .2. . Cape Town, not really . .3. . what to do next.Luckily, before my trip actually started, I met a kind, old Nigerian man.He gave me the best travel . .4. . I had ever received.“Be like a（n） . .5. . on your way around the world.”
It sounded . .6. ., but it really changed my idea about travelling.He helped me realise that travel is about learning and observing local . .7. ..“It's far too easy to go into a（n） . .8. . country and believe your ways are better.But if you study, ask questions and try to learn from the locals, you'll have far richer . .9. .,” he promised me.
On other vacations, when I was on my tour way to Cancún, I was . .10. . a tourist.I only stayed there for a week to see the . .11. . and go to places of interest and then left.The culture didn't . .12. . me.I left the cities and towns without really knowing anyone or anything that existed in those places to which I had paid a visit.
This time, I promised myself that I would be a . .13. . traveller.After seven months of . .14. . backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo, I realised that having a student-like mindset （观念模式） helped extend my trip and helped me learn a lot, which . .15. . me more than any other trips ever did to me.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了想环游非洲的作者在遇到一位老人后改变了对旅行的看法。
1.( )A.pet B.relative C.friend D.backpack
D
解析 设空处呼应下文backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo，由此可知，作者的梦想是背着背包环游非洲。故选D项。
2.( )A.looked at B.checked out C.arrived in D.took on
C
解析 句意为：因此，我满怀信心地离开了家乡，来到开普敦，并不确定接下来要做什么。由上文的I wanted to travel around Africa with my ______. So I left my hometown with great confidence可知，作者想环游非洲，所以离开家乡来到开普敦。故选C项。
3.( )A.careful B.worried C.sure D.aware
C
解析 句意见上一题解析。由上文的not可知，作者满腔热血想背着背包环游非洲，虽离开家乡来到开普敦，但并不确定接下来要做什么，由此引出下文一位老人给作者的旅行提建议。故选C项。
4.( )A.choice B.tip C.chance D.plan
B
解析 由下文的“Be like a（n）______ on your way around the world.”可知，老人给了作者关于旅行的建议。故选B项。
5.( )A.teacher B.player C.actor D.student
D
解析 设空处呼应最后一段中的I realised that having a student-like mindset helped extend my trip and helped me learn a lot，由此可知，老人给作者的建议是在旅行的路上要像学生一样。此处为原词复现。故选D项。
6.( )A.simple B.perfect C.foolish D.boring
A
解析 由下文的but it really changed my idea about travelling并结合选项可知，此处表示老人的建议听起来很简单，却改变了作者对旅行的看法。故选A项。
7.( )A.events B.houses C.habits D.cultures
D
解析 根据下文中的The culture didn't ______ me.可知，老人帮助作者明白旅行的意义在于了解和观察当地的文化，而后作者也是这样做的。故选D项。
8.( )A.big B.new C.interesting D.old
B
解析 句意为：他向我保证：“进入一个新的国家并相信自己的方式更好，这简直太容易了。但如果你学习、提问并试图向当地人学东西，你的经历会更加丰富。”由上文语境可知，作者想背着背包环游非洲，所以此处是说作者去一个全新的国家。故选B项。
9.( )A.dreams B.experiences C.tasks D.practices
B
解析 根据空前的if you study, ask questions and try to learn from the locals并结合常识可知，如果你到某个地方旅游，和当地人多交流，你会有更加丰富的经历。故选B项。
10.( )A.just B.already C.quite D.even
A
解析 由上文的On other vacations和下文的I left the cities and towns without really knowing anyone… 可知，当作者之前去坎昆旅行的时候，作者并不明白旅行的真正含义，仅仅是一名游客。故选A项。
11.( )A.watches B.mountains C.sights D.pictures
C
解析 根据设空处后的go to places of interest可知，当时不明白旅行真正意义的作者只在坎昆停留了一周，只是欣赏风景和去有趣的地方，而未去体验当地的文化。故选C项。
12.( )A.welcome B.change C.respect D.hurt
B
解析 由上文语境可知，作者只在坎昆停留了一周，欣赏风景和去了有趣的地方，而未去体验当地的文化。由此可知作者并未因当地的文化而发生改变。故选B项。
13.( )A.real B.hopeful C.lovely D.healthy
A
解析 句意为：这一次，我向自己承诺，我要成为一名真正的旅行者。由上文语境可知，作者听从老人的建议，决定成为一名真正的旅行者，像学生一样去体验全新的文化。故选A项。
14.( )A.successfully B.suddenly C.politely D.hurriedly
A
解析 句意为：在非洲成功从开普敦到开罗背包旅行了七个月后，我意识到拥有学生般的心态有助于扩大我的旅行（对我的）影响，并帮助我学到很多东西，这比之前的任何旅行都更让我满意。由下文的having a student-like mindset helped extend my trip and helped me learn a lot可知，作者从这次旅行中学到了很多，说明旅行很成功。故选A项。
15.( )A.warned B.frightened C.satisfied D.understood
C
解析 由上文的having a student-like mindset helped extend my trip and helped me learn a lot可知，作者学到了很多，所以作者对这次旅行感到满意。故选C项。
03
单元限时小卷
建议用时：57分钟
[天津一中2023高二期末] &55& 体裁：议论文 &56& 题材：图书馆的益处 &57& 词数：342 &58& 难度：&59& &60& 建议用时：8分钟
My two kids and I go to the library every week.I love getting a huge bag of books and feeling the excitement to see where they take us.It's a strong memory that I have from my own childhood and I cherish the idea of repeating it with my kids.However, the more time I spend at the library with my family, the more I realise that its benefits go beyond just a bag of new books to read.The resources libraries provide and the values they advocate are making my kids into better humans.
Just as importantly, libraries are institutions devoted to sharing information and ideas.Libraries were participating in a sharing economy long before Netflix or Airbnb.Sharing copies of books, DVDs and other media has a major environmental advantage over purchasing new copies.What's more, libraries make a commitment to sharing, which is so beneficial and can be carried over into the rest of our lives.
For my kids, learning about how our library books are just on loan to us and belong to everyone in the community was the first lesson on how to take care of things so that they can last and be used by many people.The idea of treating things as important long-lasting objects instead of disposable （一次性的） ones was easy to drive home when it was connected with the library books that they love checking out.It is also a great way to talk about sharing resources and how we have to think beyond ourselves.
During our last visit to the library, my kids picked out their usual big stack of books.The subjects ranged from how cocoa beans are made into chocolate to a duck that has lost his socks.Every time they pick out books in the library, whether they are informative or very silly, they're learning about how the world works, and strengthening their imaginations.And by encouraging them to do that now, I'm hopefully starting a lifelong habit for my kids.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了带孩子去图书馆的好处——图书馆提供的资源和它们所倡导的价值观正在使孩子们成为更好的人。
1.Why does the author mention Netflix and Airbnb in Paragraph 2 ( )
C
A.To introduce the long history of libraries.
B.To stress the sharing economy is welcomed by people.
C.To show libraries represent a sharing economy for long.
D.To compare the differences among libraries, Netflix and Airbnb.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容，尤其是libraries are institutions devoted to sharing information and ideas可知，第二段主要是论述图书馆一直是共享经济和共享信息的代表，远早于 Netflix或Airbnb这类新型的共享经济企业。由此可推知，此处提到Netflix和Airbnb是为了证明作者自己的观点，即图书馆长期以来都是共享经济的代表。故选C项。
2.What can children learn from their realising that library books are public property ( )
D
A.To deal with disposable things properly. B.To make the best of the community.
C.To have a strong sense of belonging. D.To value good things and pass them down.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的For my kids, learning about how our library books are just on loan to us and belong to everyone in the community was the first lesson on how to take care of things so that they can last and be used by many people.以及The idea of treating things as important long-lasting objects instead of disposable ones可知，孩子们意识到图书馆的书是公共财产，这有助于他们学会珍惜好东西并把它们传承下去。故选D项。
3.Which of the following may the author agree with ( )
B
A.Reading helps develop a habit of writing. B.Wide reading can fire children's imagination.
C.Children are advised to choose books wisely. D.Children are less interested in informative books.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Every time they pick out books in the library, whether they are informative or very silly, they're learning about how the world works, and strengthening their imaginations.可推知，作者可能同意广泛阅读可以激发孩子们的想象力。故选B项。
4.What can be a suitable title for the text ( )
A
A.Benefits of Visiting the Library With Kids B.Teach Our Children to Share Things
C.Make Our Children Competent Readers D.Memories of Happy Moments in the Library
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的However, the more time I spend at the library with my family, the more I realise that its benefits go beyond just a bag of new books to read.The resources libraries provide and the values they advocate are making my kids into better humans.及下文的内容可知，文章主要论述了带孩子去图书馆的好处。由此可知，A项适合做本文标题。故选A项。
&61& 体裁：说明文 &62& 题材：介绍说明 &63& 词数：272 &64& 难度：&65& &66& 建议用时：8分钟
A popular saying goes, “Don't judge a book by its cover.” “All that glitters is not gold.” is
another.1. . is a third.What do they have in common？They remind us that something's appearance
should not be the most important thing when we determine its value.The message is that we should
value ourselves for who we are—accept our shortcomings and stop judging ourselves imperfect.
But it's easier said than done.Many people still feel insecure about themselves and their appearance
because it may not meet the standard of perfection.2. .
Learn to accept praise.3. . Don't push it away or play it down.And praise others too.If you think
someone looks nice， or someone has a good idea， tell them.It can cheer them up.
4. . We're surrounded by these perfect images of what it is to be beautiful.That comparison only
creates a standard we think we need to pursue and leads to feelings of disappointment if we aren't up
to the standard.
Appreciate your body for what it can do—walking, doing yoga, playing basketball or something
else.You can be an incredible person regardless of your shape or size.Attend the gym and realise how
strong and capable your body is, even though it may be fat.
B
G
C
F
Finally, the only person that can truly affect your body positivity is yourself.Becoming comfortable
with yourself is unlikely to be accomplished overnight, but don't give up.Remember that everyone is
insecure sometimes.5. . Love what you look like.
E
A.“Birds of a feather flock together.”
B.“Fine feathers do not make fine birds.”
C.When someone says something nice, embrace it.
D.So there are some ways to help you to be more popular.
E.Be certain about who you are and what you want to be as a person.
F.Don't compare your body to others', particularly celebrities' bodies.
G.So what can we do to improve our own body positivity
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。外貌不能决定自身价值，本文介绍了提高身体积极性的四种方法。
1.___
B
解析 根据前文A popular saying goes, “Don't judge a book by its cover.” “All that glitters is not gold.” is another.以及后文They remind us that something's appearance should not be the most important thing when we determine its value.可知，设空处也应是关于不能凭外观决定自身价值的谚语。B选项“Fine feathers do not make fine birds.”意为“人不可貌相”。故选B项。
2.___
G
解析 结合下文提到的几种提高身体积极性的方法可知，设空处应表示如何提高身体积极性。G选项So what can we do to improve our own body positivity 提出问题，引出下文。故选G项。
3.___
C
解析 根据前文Learn to accept praise.可知，本段讲述的是要接受别人的夸赞。C选项中的 something nice表示赞扬的话，与praise相呼应，故选C项。
4.___
F
解析 根据下文That comparison only creates a standard we think we need to pursue and leads to feelings of disappointment if we aren't up to the standard.可知，本段是讲我们不能和身材完美的人作比较。F选项Don't compare your body to others', particularly celebrities' bodies.适合作为本段主旨句，故选F项。
5.___
E
解析 根据前文Finally, the only person that can truly affect your body positivity is yourself.以及下文Love what you look like.可知，我们要了解自己，因为真正影响我们身体积极性的是我们自己。E选项Be certain about who you are and what you want to be as a person.意为“确定你是谁以及你想要成为什么样的人”，符合语境，故选E项。
[湖北武汉部分重点中学2023高二期中联考] &67& 体裁：记叙文 &68& 题材：生活方式 &69& 词数：306 &70& 难度：&71& &72& 建议用时：14分钟
As the new year dawned, I was at one of the lowest points of my life.One morning, I sat in a park and . .1. . the sorrows of the past year.After so much loss, I felt a need to give myself to the turning of . .2. .—the snow-covered winter, . .3. . by the unfolding of new life in spring.As I walked home, my New Year's resolution （决心） took . .4. . in my mind.My resolution became “Less grief, more green” and I looked for ways to put it into action.Therefore, I . .5. . signed up for the Arnold Arboretum training programme for volunteer school field guides.
Nancy, the programme director, provided us with several days of . .6. ..I buried myself in the spring curriculum on pollination （授粉）.The thick notebook was . .7. . with information and diagrams about how trees and flowers produce the seeds that make sure the species will . .8. ..While in training, I felt like being a student again.
After weeks of training, it was time to be a . .9. ..When sixty third-graders . .10. . off the yellow school bus for the Flowers Change class, I began to provide outdoor learning experiences for them and gave them a day full of information, excitement, and surprises.
Throughout my first spring of . .11. .“Less grief, more green”, my senses came alive and . .12. ..I moved beyond wonder and astonishment about nature to a better . .13. . of it.I learnt about the workings of a child's mind along with the workings of trees and flowers.
I went on to be a proud and enthusiastic Arnold Arboretum field guide for four seasons.I . .14. . carry all that understanding and curiosity about what I don't know each time I'm out in . .15. ..And I still look at a flower through the eyes of a third-grader.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了随着新一年的到来，作者决定走出悲伤，给自己定下新年决心：“少一些悲伤，多一些绿色”，并参加了阿诺德植物园的志愿者学校野外向导培训项目。
1.( )A.stepped away from B.put up with C.made up for D.reflected on
D
解析 由the past year可知，此处应是作者仔细思考过去一年令人悲伤的事。step away from意为“远离”；put up with意为“忍受”；make up for意为“弥补”；reflect on意为“仔细思考”。故选D项。
2.( )A.seasons B.purposes C.directions D.instructions
A
解析 句意为：在失去了这么多东西之后，我觉得有必要把自己投入到季节的转换中去——白雪覆盖的冬天之后，随之而来的便是春天的新生。由the snow-covered winter, ______ by the unfolding of new life in spring可知，此处表示季节的转换。
3.( )A.proved B.followed C.required D.decided
B
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据常识可知，春天是紧随着冬天而来的。
4.( )A.effect B.part C.shape D.action
C
解析 句意为：当我往家走的时候，我的新年愿望在我的脑海里形成了。由下文My resolution became “Less grief, more green” 可推知，此处是说作者的新年愿望在脑海里形成了。take shape意为“形成”。
5.( )A.gladly B.hesitantly C.desperately D.anxiously
A
解析 句意为：因此，我很高兴地报名参加了阿诺德植物园的志愿者学校野外导师培训项目。hesitantly意为“犹豫地”；desperately意为“绝望地”；anxiously意为“焦急地”。由上文My resolution became “Less grief, more green” and I looked for ways to put it into action.可知，作者的新年愿望变成了“少一些悲伤，多一些绿色”，且作者想办法把它付诸行动，故此处是指作者“高兴地”参加培训项目。
6.( )A.vacation B.conversation C.training D.competition
C
解析 句意为：项目负责人南希为我们提供了几天的培训。由后文中的While in training, I felt like being a student again.可知，设空处指培训。
7.( )A.burdened B.stuffed C.filled D.decorated
C
解析 句意为：厚厚的笔记本上记满了关于树木和花朵如何产生种子以确保物种得以延续的信息和图解。由上文I buried myself in the spring curriculum on pollination.可知，作者在上授粉课程，故此处是指作者的笔记本上记满了与课程相关的内容。be filled with意为“充满……”。burden意为“（使）担负”；stuff意为“塞满”；decorate意为“装饰”。
8.( )A.evolve B.continue C.appear D.return
B
解析 句意见上一题解析。由trees and flowers produce the seeds可知，树木和花朵产生种子，让物种能够得以延续。
9.( )A.teacher B.student C.reporter D.guide
D
解析 句意为：数周的培训后，是时候成为导师了。由文章最后一段中的I went on to be a proud and enthusiastic Arnold Arboretum field guide for four seasons.可知，作者是一个导师了。
10.( )A.kept B.showed C.took D.piled
D
解析 句意为：当六十名三年级的学生从黄色校车上蜂拥而出来参加关于花朵变化的课程时，我开始为他们提供户外学习经历，让他们一整天都收获满满，充满着兴奋和惊喜。由When sixty third-graders可知，此处指六十名学生从黄色校车上蜂拥而出。
11.( )A.analysing B.conducting C.reading D.searching
B
解析 句意为：在我践行“少一些悲伤，多一些绿色”的第一个春天里，我的思维能力活跃起来，并且有所提升。由上文作者参加授粉课程，努力积累培训知识，最终成为一名合格的导师可知，作者在践行当初的决定。
12.( )A.existed B.expanded C.arose D.remained
B
解析 句意见上一题解析。由空后的I moved beyond wonder and astonishment about nature to a better________ of it.可知，作者的思维能力有所提升。expand意为“增强”。
13.( )A.understanding B.experiment C.description D.preparation
A
解析 句意为：我不再对大自然感到惊讶，而是对它有了更好的理解。由下文I learnt about the workings of a child's mind along with the workings of trees and flowers.可知，作者指导别人的时候，对大自然有了更好的理解。
14.( )A.seldom B.never C.ever D.still
D
解析 句意为：每次身处大自然中，我仍然保持着那份理解和对我所不知道的东西的好奇心。由下文And I still look at a flower through the eyes of a third-grader.可知，设空处用“仍然”，与下文构成排比。
15.( )A.class B.school C.nature D.business
C
解析 句意见上一题解析。由下文中的look at a flower可知，此处指作者身处大自然中。
[山东烟台2023高二期末] &73& 体裁：说明文 &74& 题材：文化习俗 &75& 词数：199 &76& 难度：&77& &78& 建议用时：7分钟
Whenever celebrations or major events take place, people in Wenxi County, North China's Shanxi
Province, roll out flower-shaped buns （小圆甜糕点）, or huamo, which can date back 1. . the Ming
and Qing 2. . （dynasty）, to entertain guests for promising outcomes in the future.
“I grew up 3. . （watch） my grandmother and mother make the flower-shaped buns,
4. . I learnt to make huamo after watching them.The buns are always 5. . （close）
connected with local folk culture,” says Zhi Jiankang, a provincial inheritor （传承人） of the skill that
was named a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Wenxi huamo has evolved into four categories with more than 200 varieties over the
years.6. . （differ） from traditional dough （生面团） modelling that is mostly just for artistic
appreciation, huamo will 7. . （eat） by guests after serving the symbolic purpose.
to
dynasties
watching
and
closely
Different
be eaten
In 2006, Zhi filmed a 70-year-old village woman making the traditional food.The 15-minute film,
8. . was recorded by Zhi with the purpose of introducing Wenxi huamo, created a national
sensation.From that moment on, huamo made its presence 9. . （feel） across the land.
So far, there 10. . （be） two large huamo enterprises and 12 cooperatives in Wenxi,
with more than 1,000 locals involved.The annual output value has reached 10 million yuan.
which
felt
have been
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山西省闻喜县的传统糕点花馍。
1.___
to
解析 句意为：每当举行庆祝活动或发生重大事件时，中国北方山西省闻喜县的人们都会推出花形糕点（花馍），花馍可追溯到明朝和清朝，人们用此招待客人，憧憬美好的未来。date back to为固定短语，意为“追溯到”。故填to。
2._________
dynasties
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，此处指明清两个朝代，所以dynasty用复数形式。故填dynasties。
3._________
watching
解析 句意为：我是看着奶奶和妈妈制作花馍长大的，看了之后我学会了制作花馍。设空处作伴随状语，应填非谓语动词，主语I与watch之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填watching。
4._____
and
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，设空处前后为顺承关系。故填and。
5._______
closely
解析 句意为：“……花馍总是与当地的民俗文化紧密联系在一起。”该技艺的省级传承人支建康说。该技艺于2008年被评为国家级非物质文化遗产。设空处修饰形容词connected，应用副词，表示“密切地”。故填closely。
6._________
Different
解析 句意为：传统的面团造型大多只是为了艺术欣赏，花馍则不同，它们可以在完成象征意义的用途后供客人们食用。be different from为固定搭配，意为“不同于……”，此处为形容词作状语，置于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Different。
7._________
be eaten
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据语境可知，主语huamo与动词eat之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。空前有will，故填be eaten。
8._______
which
解析 句意为：这部15分钟的电影由支建康录制，目的是介绍闻喜花馍，这部影片引起了全国轰动。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The 15-minute film，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。
9.____
felt
解析 句意为：从那一刻起，花馍出现在全国各地。分析句子结构可知，此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处应用非谓语动词，presence与feel之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填felt。
10.__________
have been
解析 句意为：到目前为止，闻喜县已有两家大型花馍企业和12家合作社，有1,000多名当地人参与其中。根据时间状语So far的提示可知，本句应用现在完成时，此处为there be句型，谓语应与就近的主语two large huamo enterprises保持一致。故填have been。
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阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My three children played peacefully in the back yard.This alone should have put me on alert, but the setting was so pleasant that I hung our clothes to dry in the soft breeze and enjoyed the unseasonably warm September afternoon.Our home nestled in a forest of the Northern California foothills, facing a shining lake, with just a few neighbours.
It was a good place to raise our children: four-year-old Andre, two-and-a-half-year-old Yvonne, and fourteen-month-old Philippe.From the clothesline I had a clear view of the kids.Philippe was so cute, wearing only a diaper as he was glued to a flower looking at a butterfly.He was always the curious one.
Our dog Jessie was always present, a constant participant in all the family activities.She lay fast asleep, warming herself in the sun.She was really gentle and kind, and her only annoying trait was her tendency to leave the house when I wasn't looking.But this day, she was to prove her worth.
Having hung a whole basket of clothes, I ventured into the house to grab a pile of wet sheets from the washing machine.As I wasn't in the habit of leaving my children unattended, I returned quickly to my clothesline duty.Just then, I noticed that Jessie had moved away from where she was lying.I exclaimed angrily, “That dog! She's off again, and we don't need any more puppies!” Looking around for her but failing to find her, I continued my laundry responsibilities, took a quick survey of the kids and saw, to my horror, that Philippe was missing.To my knowledge, no car and no passer-by had passed the usual path