外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing natur Starting out & Understanding ideas必刷题课件(共88张PPT)

(共88张PPT)
选择性必修第一册
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
01
Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.You see that the hand bones and fingernails of these waxworks are all __________ （delicate） made.
［USA Today］
delicately
解析 句意为：你看这些蜡像手上的骨骼和指甲都制作得很精致。设空处修饰过去分词made，应用副词形式。
2.The explosion made a ________ （mass） hole in the ground.
massive
解析 句意为：爆炸在地面留下了一个巨大的坑。设空处修饰名词hole，应用形容词形式。
3.Working in strong, ___________ （change） light for a long time may cause some kinds of illness.
changeable
解析 句意为：长期在强烈多变的灯光下工作可能会引发一些疾病。设空处和strong并列修饰light，应用形容词，根据语境，此处表示“多变的”。故填changeable。
4.________ （locate） in southern Italy, Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe.
Located
解析 句意为：埃特纳火山位于意大利南部，是欧洲海拔最高的活火山。固定短语be located in意为“位于”，此处位于句首，在句中作状语。故填Located。
5.Flowers can bring a dull room ___ life.
to
解析 句意为：鲜花可以使沉闷的房间恢复生气。固定短语bring… to life意为“使……恢复生机”。
6._______ I knew it, an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
Before
解析 句意为：不知不觉一个小时过去了，到了该吃午饭的时候了。逗号前后均为完整的句子，故设空处应填连词，根据语境可知，此处表示“在……以前”，应用before引导时间状语从句。
7.The temple _________ （stand） on the opposite side of the street was built in the Tang Dynasty.
standing
解析 句意为：位于街道对面的那座寺庙建于唐朝。句子的谓语为was built，设空处作定语修饰temple，应用非谓语动词形式，temple和stand之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。
8.We will have timed entry into the museum, and then each family is free to explore ___ their leisure.
at
解析 句意为：我们将定时进入博物馆，然后每个家庭都可以在闲暇时自由探索。at one's leisure意为“空闲时”，为固定短语。
9.All these years they _____________________ （contribute） articles to our magazines.
have been contributing
解析 句意为：这些年来,他们一直为我们的杂志撰稿。根据时间状语All these years可知，contribute的动作从过去一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故填have been contributing。
10.In fact, this isn't the only positive rule _____ concerns the younger generation.
that
解析 设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词rule，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，并且先行词前面有the only修饰，关系词只能用that，故填that。
根据提示补全句子。
1.第5页上的一处红色铅笔印迹引起了他的注意。（catch）
A red pencil-mark on the fifth page _______ ____ ____________.
caught
his
eye/attention
2.读完一本很厚的书会给我一种成就感。（sense）
It gives me ___ ______ ___ ____________ when I make it to the end of a very thick book.
a
sense
of
achievement
3.老师说的话给了我足够的勇气去克服困难。（overcome）
What the teacher said gave me enough courage ___ __________ ____ __________.
to
overcome
the
difficulties
4.一次网上调查表明，环境保护已成为国内外的参与者最关注的问题之一。（top concerns）
An online survey found that environmental protection is _______ ____ ____ _________ ____
___________ both at home and abroad.
among
the
top
concerns
for
participants
5.得益于技术，工作在很多方面比十年前容易。
________ ___ ___________, working is easier than it was a decade ago, in many aspects.
Thanks
to
technology
&1& 体裁：记叙文 &2& 题材：个人经历 &3& 词数：199 &4& 难度：&5& &6& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm so excited when I am on the train running fast and steadily across the “roof of the world”.It
takes years to build the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, 1. . is a record of all Chinese people's efforts
2. . （overcome） the most difficult engineering challenges.How to protect the delicate
ecosystem was among the top concerns.
The splendid Qingshuihe Bridge that can allow the animals to move safely and 3. . （free）
in their habitat was built 4. . permafrost.Wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes have now been
using these passages for years.140,000 square metres of wetland was moved to a new area so as to
protect 5. . （it） distinct ecosystem.
Tanggula Station 6. . （locate） at over 5,000 metres above sea level, so workers here
faced the greatest challenge of the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV
radiation.7. . several oxygen-making stations were constructed to keep them 8. .
which
to overcome
freely
over
its
is located
But/Yet
healthy
（health）, and they were also able to enjoy regular holidays in lower areas.As we pass Cuona Lake, a
sense of pride and 9. . （achieve） fills my heart.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 10. . （draw） people's admiration for centuries.Now,
because of the efforts of Chinese people, visitors from all over the country can enjoy these magical
landscapes.
achievement
has been drawing
1._______
which
解析 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Qinghai-Tibet Railway，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。
2.____________
to overcome
解析 sb's efforts to do sth意为“某人付出努力做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to overcome。
3.______
freely
解析 设空处与safely共同修饰动词move，应用副词形式，表示“自由地；无拘无束地”，故填freely。
4._____
over
5.____
its
解析 设空处修饰名词ecosystem，应用形容词性物主代词。
6.__________
is located
解析 be located at意为“位于……”，主语为Tanggula Station，谓语动词应用单数形式；此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。
7.________
But/Yet
解析 前句讲述工人们面临很大的挑战，后句讲建立一些氧气供应站来缓解困难。两句之间为转折关系，故填But/Yet。
8.________
healthy
解析 此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，用形容词作宾补。
9.____________
achievement
解析 a sense of achievement意为“成就感”。
10._________________
has been drawing
解析 根据句中的时间状语for centuries可知，draw的动作从过去持续到现在，且一直在进行，应用现在完成进行时；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。
[安徽宣城六校2023高二期中联考] &7& 体裁：议论文 &8& 题材：动物保护 &9& 词数：181 &10& 难度：&11& &12& 建议用时：7分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whales have been facing serious danger for a long time.
Firstly, due 1. . the greenhouse effect, glaciers are melting, and some living creatures in the
Antarctic and the Arctic are in danger of 2. . （extinct）.Besides, with global warming
becoming worse, life in other parts of the ocean has also been 3. . （constant） affected,
including whales.Secondly, whaling activity is another killer.Historically, whaling has been popular in
some overseas countries, such as England, Japan and Norway.4. . （regard） whales as a
money-making machine is the reason why some people's whaling can't 5. . （stop） easily.A
kilogramme of whale meat can fetch up to$100 in Japan.Besides, advanced technology has increased the
efficiency of whaling and gradually reduced the number of whales.What's more, some countries are still
on whaling in 6. . name of science.
to
extinction
constantly
Regarding
be stopped
the
The fact 7. . whales have become endangered animals is alarming us.Some 8. .
（organisation） have realised the importance of saving them and have begun working hard to do
something for them.The international community 9. . （make） a strategy against commercial
whaling.In my opinion, governments should also make laws 10. . （protect） whales.
that
organisations
has made
to protect
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了鲸鱼长期以来面临严重威胁的主要原因，以及一些组织对这一问题的重视。
1.___
to
解析 句意为：首先，由于温室效应，冰川正在融化，南极和北极的一些生物正面临着灭绝的危险。due to是固定搭配，意为“因为；由于”。
2.__________
extinction
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处在介词后作宾语，应用名词。
3.__________
constantly
解析 句意为：此外，随着全球变暖越来越严重，海洋其他部分的生物也不断受到影响，包括鲸鱼。设空处修饰谓语has been affected，应用副词constantly。
4.__________
Regarding
解析 句意为：把鲸鱼当作赚钱的机器是不能轻易制止有些人捕鲸的原因。此处作主语，表示抽象的动作，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。
5.___________
be stopped
解析 句意见上一题解析。stop与some people's whaling构成被动关系，且can't后跟动词原形。
6.____
the
解析 句意为：而且，一些国家仍然以科学的名义进行捕鲸。in the name of… 为固定短语，意为“以……的名义”，该短语含贬义。
7._____
that
解析 句意为：鲸鱼已成为濒危动物的事实使我们感到震惊。空前是名词fact作主语，is alarming作谓语，us为宾语，其余部分句子结构和语义均完整，故设空处应用that引导同位语从句，解释fact的内容。
8.____________
organisations
解析 句意为：一些组织已经意识到拯救它们的重要性，并开始努力为它们做一些事情。organisation表示“组织”时为可数名词，由Some修饰应用复数形式。
9.__________
has made
解析 句意为：国际社会已经制定了一项打击商业捕鲸的计划。根据前一句中的have realised以及have begun并结合语境可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；主语为The international community，助动词用has。
10.__________
to protect
解析 句意为：在我看来，政府也应该制定法律来保护鲸鱼。分析句子可知，设空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。
[湖北“荆、荆、襄、宜”四地七校考试联盟2023高二期中联考] A
&13& 体裁：说明文 &14& 题材：探索发现 &15& 词数：339 &16& 难度：&17& &18& 建议用时：8分钟
A “secretive” new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India's Western Ghat mountain range.Named the starry dwarf frog after the markings on its dark brown back, it is just 2 centimetres long.
The frog, whose closest relatives are a group of species native to India and Sri Lanka, is the only member of an ancient lineage （血统） dating back to millions of years ago, according to researchers from India and the US.It is unclear whether the species is descended from African or Asian frogs.
A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs, lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study.Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape, colouring and other features have shown that it doesn't match any existing species.Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science, who helped design the study, says while it is common to find new frogs in India, this one needs to be noticed.“This particular species is not just a new species, but also a new genus （属）, and that makes it a little more special,” says Shanker.
The number of known species of frog identified in India has climbed from around 200 to above 400 over the past two decades.While many species new to science are frequently immediately classified as endangered, it is too early to say whether the starry dwarf frog is threatened.“They are very secretive,” says Shanker, adding that the team didn't know the size of its population.The frog is active at night and lives near water.
Habitat loss is a serious risk to frogs in tropical forests around the world, alongside threats such as a deadly fungus （真菌） that has been killing off amphibians （两栖动物） for the past four decades.But the new species was found in a reserved forest, meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个在印度新发现的青蛙物种。研究人员通过研究它的种种特征得知它不同于现有的青蛙物种，而是一种新的特别的属类，并且目前尚不明确它是否属于濒危物种。
1.What can we learn about the new species of frog from Paragraph 3 ( )
D
A.It was discovered by tourists. B.It was found in a rich region.
C.It was finally set free. D.It was further studied.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape, colouring and other features have shown that it doesn't match any existing species.可知，研究人员对新发现的青蛙进行了基因测试，并且对其外形、颜色及其他特征进行了仔细研究，由此可知研究人员进一步研究了该物种。故选D项。
2.What can we say about the new frog ( )
C
A.It is in small quantities. B.It is an endangered species.
C.It is well worth attention. D.It is related to African or Asian frogs.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science, who helped design the study, says while it is common to find new frogs in India, this one needs to be noticed.可知，这个新发现的青蛙物种很值得被关注。故选C项。
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph ( )
B
A.Habitat loss is the chief threat to frogs. B.The new species may face less danger.
C.Tropical forests in India are all under protection. D.The Indian government determines to save frogs.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But the new species was found in a reserved forest, meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies.可知，这一新发现的青蛙物种生活在保留林里，受政府保护，因此它面临威胁的可能性更小。故选B项。
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text ( )
C
A.A Rare Frog Species Protected in India B.A Rise in Species of Frog Seen in India
C.A Secretive Frog Species Discovered in India
D.A Risk of Habitat Loss for Frogs Removed in India
解析 主旨大意题。第一段第一句A “secretive” new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India's Western Ghat mountain range.提出文章主题，后文详细介绍了对这一新物种的研究，故整篇文章围绕一个新发现的青蛙物种展开。故选C项。
词汇加油站
进阶词汇
1.be descended from… 是……的后裔
2.identify v.找到；发现；确认；认出；说明身份
熟词生义
range 熟义：n.范围；一系列 v.变化，变动 生义：n.山脉
词缀拓展
bio- prefix 生物的；人生的 biodiverse adj.生物多样性的
B
&19& 体裁：说明文 &20& 题材：环境与自然 &21& 词数：297 &22& 难度：&23& &24& 建议用时：7分钟
Engineers have launched a huge garbage collection device to gather plastic floating in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii.The plastic makes up what is called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.It is the world's largest spread of garbage, twice the size of the state of Texas.
The organisation The Ocean Cleanup created the collection device.The group's founder is Boyan Slat, an inventor from the Netherlands.When Slat was 16, he went diving in the Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish.Since then, he has made up his mind to clean up the ocean.
He told the Associated Press that researchers with his organisation have found plastic from the 1960s and 1970s among the materials in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.It contains an estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic in total.Most of them float on the surface of the water, or are within a few metres under the surface.
Last Saturday, a ship pulling the pipe-shaped floating barrier left San Francisco for the Garbage Patch.The barrier, called the floater, is 600 metres across.Attached to it is a screen （滤网） that hangs three metres down in the water.The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water.Sea animals can safely swim under the barrier.The clean-up system also comes with lights powered by the sun, cameras, and other special devices.Slat said these enabled the system to report its position at all times.
Shipping containers will hold all the plastic gathered, including bottles and fishing equipment.Slat said the containers are expected to be back on land within a year.Then the plastic will be recycled.And they will also study how the system performs in severe ocean conditions, including huge waves.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博扬·斯拉特因为在潜水时发现水中有大量垃圾，所以决定组建团队，清理海洋垃圾。该组织最近发明了一种新的装置，在清理海洋垃圾上有显著的效果。
1.How did Boyan Slat react to that diving in the Mediterranean Sea ( )
C
A.He showed a great interest in diving. B.He became worried about his safety.
C.He decided to remove the garbage in the ocean. D.He became curious about underwater creatures.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话When Slat was 16, he went diving in the Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish. Since then, he has made up his mind to clean up the ocean.可知,斯拉特在潜水时发现水中的垃圾比鱼都多，所以他下定决心清理海洋中的垃圾。故选 C项。
2.What has the organisation The Ocean Cleanup found about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch ( )
D
A.Most of its plastic is half a century old.
B.It covers almost the size of the state of Texas.
C.Altogether there are about 1.8 billion pieces of plastic.
D.The majority of its plastic floats on or near the surface.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话Most of them float on the surface of the water, or are within a few metres under the surface.可知，泛太平洋垃圾带的大部分垃圾都漂浮在海洋的表面或水面以下几米深的地方。故选D项。
3.Why was a screen attached to the floater ( )
D
A.To power lights in the ship. B.To protect sea animals near it.
C.To tell the position of the ship. D.To collect plastic along the way.
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句话The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water.可知，滤网是该设备在水中移动时用来收集塑料垃圾的。故选D项。
4.What is the text mainly about ( )
D
A.Approaches to removing garbage in the ocean. B.The problem of garbage in the Pacific Ocean.
C.A young man who does well in classifying garbage.
D.A huge device made to clean garbage in the ocean.
解析 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一个大型垃圾收集装置在清理海洋垃圾方面的作用和工作原理，故选D项。
&25& 体裁：说明文 &26& 题材：环境保护 &27& 词数：262 &28& 难度：&29& &30& 建议用时：8分钟
You want to help the environment.You want to teach your children to protect the Earth.You can do both easily by making family activities environmentally friendly.Planning activities around the natural world can be fun and educational for all members of the family.
Make recycling a part of everyday chores （家务活）.
Even the youngest children can help with recycling chores.For instance, a preschooler can help an
adult or older child sort recyclables.You can use the opportunity to teach the difference between glass,
plastic, paper, and other materials.1. .
2. .
Many age-appropriate choices exist for environmentally-related school clubs.For example, an explorer
club that learns about a new rainforest or desert each week works for preschool or kindergarten.Primary
and middle school classes may enjoy a gardening or recycled craft （手艺） project club.
C
A
Plan green vacation activities.
Include your green activities in your weekend vacations.3. . The family can volunteer together, and
then enjoy a picnic afterwards.You can also take your children to a natural science museum nearby.While
there, discuss the environment and conservation with them.
Plant a garden together.
Work together and grow organic （有机的） produce.4. . The website, Kids Gardening, provides
getting-started guidance and suggestions for parents to help their children get into gardening and other
associated activities.
B
E
Craft things with recyclables.
Teach children arts and crafts using recyclables.Children can turn toilet paper rolls, paper plates,
glass bottles and many other recyclables into useful household things like pencil holders or desk
organisers.5. .
A.Help start green clubs at your children's schools.
B.Arrange your beach trips on the beach clean-up day.
C.It's also a good opportunity to teach colours and counting.
D.Use these five activities as starting points for a greener family life.
E.You'll protect the Earth, beautify your garden and cut your grocery bill.
F.Use bits of nature, like small stones or dry leaves for decorative projects.
G.Clubs promote friendships based on common interests and encourage fun learning.
F
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了如何通过一些环保的家庭活动使家长和孩子一起保护地球。
1.___
C
解析 由设空处前一句You can use the opportunity to teach the difference between glass, plastic, paper, and other materials.中的teach可定位至C项。C项中的also 和teach为关键词。
2.___
A
解析 由下文提到的environmentally-related school clubs, an explorer club, a gardening or recycled craft project club可知，本段讲学校环保俱乐部的好处。A项“在孩子的学校里帮助建立环保俱乐部”最能概括本段主旨。
3.___
B
解析 由段落标题中的green vacation activities可知，本段讲度假时如何做到环保。B项“将沙滩出游安排在海滩清洁日”符合语境,与下文的volunteer together相呼应。
4.___
E
解析 本段主题为共建菜园。garden为关键词，E项承接上一句所讲的共同努力种植有机作物，说明了这样做的意义。
5.___
F
解析 本段主题为利用可回收利用的东西制作手工艺品。前一句讲孩子们可以利用可回收的卫生纸卷筒、纸盘、玻璃瓶等来做手工，F项“用大自然中的小石头、干树叶等零碎物件做装饰”符合语境。
02
Period Ⅱ Using language—Presenting ideas
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of __________ （apply） to attend the opening ceremony.
applicants
解析 句意为：令我高兴的是，我在数百名申请者中被选中参加开幕式。设空处作from的宾语，其前有hundreds of修饰，应填名词，表示“申请者”，且应用复数形式。
2.My rich experience as a passionate and responsible translator qualifies me for the job __________
（advertise） on your website.
advertised
解析 句意为：我是一名富有激情、负责任且有丰富经验的翻译，这使我能够胜任贵公司刊登在网站上的职位。本句谓语为qualifies，且与设空处无连词连接，故advertise应用非谓语形式，其与所修饰的词the job之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填advertised。
3.They care about their individuality and have strong __________ （prefer） for using smart home
appliances to make their lives easier and healthier.［China Daily］
preference
解析 句意为：他们在意自己的个性，并且非常喜欢使用智能家电使他们的生活更舒适、更健康。设空处作have的宾语，其前有形容词strong修饰，应用名词形式。
4.I would have no hesitation in recommending him for the job, because his _____________ （qualify）
are so satisfactory.
qualifications
解析 句意为：我将毫不犹豫地推荐他做这项工作，因为他的资历是如此令人满意。设空处作because引导的原因状语从句的主语，其前有形容词性物主代词his修饰，其后有are,应用名词的复数形式。
5.Health insurance is a way to collect money for sudden __________ （economy） hardship, such as
sickness or injury.
economic
解析 句意为：健康保险是为突然发生的经济困难，如疾病或受伤等，筹集资金的一种方式。设空处修饰名词hardship，应用形容词形式。economic意为“经济的; 经济上的”。
6.At that time, hunger was a __________ （disturb） problem in China.Yuan Longping wanted to
increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.
disturbing
解析 句意为：当时在中国，饥饿是一个令人不安的问题。袁隆平想在不扩大田地面积的情况下增加水稻产量。设空处修饰名词problem，应用形容词形式；disturb的形容词形式有两种，disturbed意为“不安的；烦恼的”，常用于形容人的感受；disturbing意为“令人不安的”，常用于修饰事或物。故填disturbing。
7.Would you ask whether the rent is still __________ （negotiate） or not
negotiable
解析 句意为：你可否问一下租金是否仍可商量？设空处作is的表语，应用形容词形式，故填negotiable，意为“可协商的”。
8.Most members of the committee were ___ favour of the suggestion; only a minority were against it.
in
解析 句意为：委员会的大多数成员都赞成这个建议，只有少数人反对。in favour of意为“支持；赞同”，为固定短语。
9.Around the world, scientists warn that coastal （沿海的） farms are ______ threat from rising sea
level.
under
解析 句意为：科学家警告说，世界各地的沿海农场正受到海平面上升的威胁。under threat from 意为“受到……的威胁”，为固定搭配。
10.Human life is regarded as part of nature, and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony
_____ nature.
with
解析 句意为：人类生命被认为是大自然的一部分，我们生存的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐相处。in harmony with… 意为“与……和谐相处；和……协调”，为固定短语。
根据提示补全句子。
1.我们学校经常举办一些活动来强调保护环境的重要性。（highlight）
Our school often holds some activities ___ _________ ____ ___________ ___ __________ the
environment.
to
highlight
the
importance
of
protecting
2.在网上阅读文章或者和朋友聊天也会耗费你很多时间。
Reading articles or talking to friends online can also ____ ____ much of your time.
use
up
3.她喜欢水果, 尤其是苹果。
She likes fruit and apples ___ _________.
in
particular
4.甚至在你睡觉的时候，你的大脑也会感应到这种危机。（aware）
Even in your sleep, your brain ___ _______ ___ this emergency.
is
aware
of
5.除了基本工资外，还有一系列额外福利。（addition）
___ ________ ___ basic salary, there are a series of extra benefits.
In
addition
to
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Excuse me, madam.Ellen, a journalist from the Daily Mail _________________ （phone） all
day.Could you speak to her now
has been phoning
解析 句意为：对不起，夫人。《每日邮报》的记者埃伦打了一整天的电话，你现在可以跟她讲话吗？根据时间状语all day可知，埃伦从过去某个时间开始一直到现在都在重复“打电话”这个动作，夫人还未接听电话，所以这个动作还有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时；且主语为单数，所以助动词用has。
2.Several companies _____________________ （approach） Anderson these few days; he's had job offers
and all sorts.
have been approaching
解析 句意为：这几天已经有好几家公司和安德森联系过，他已经收到了各种各样的工作邀请。these few days表示一段时间，根据语境可知，此处强调approach这个动作在这一段时间里重复，故此处用现在完成进行时。主语Several companies是复数，所以助动词用have。
3.Since 1962, Pacific Science Center _________________ （inspire） a passion for discovery and
lifelong learning in science, maths and technology.
has been inspiring
解析 句意为：自1962年以来，太平洋科学中心一直在激发人们对科学、数学和技术的发现和终身学习的热情。由时间状语Since 1962可知，inspire这一动作始于过去，持续到现在，根据语境判断，这个动作还会持续下去，故用现在完成进行时；主语为单数概念，助动词用has。
4.Now that she is out of work, Lucy _________________ （think） about going back to school, but she
hasn't decided yet.
has been thinking
解析 句意为：由于露西失业了，所以她一直在考虑重返学校，但她还没有决定。根据but she hasn't decided yet可知，露西考虑重返学校这件事发生在过去，并持续不间断地进行到现在，还会继续进行下去，故用现在完成进行时；主语为Lucy，助动词用has。
5.For the past years, I _________________ （share） a flat with other people, trying to save money to
open my own business.
have been sharing
解析 句意为：在过去的几年里，我一直和别人合住一套公寓，努力攒钱开自己的公司。由时间状语For the past years可知，和别人合住这件事从过去持续到了现在，并有可能继续持续下去，故应用现在完成进行时；主语为I，助动词用have。
6.—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for
—The new Star Wars.We _________________ （wait） here for more than two hours.
have been waiting
解析 句意为：——打扰一下，你在等哪部电影？——新的《星球大战》。我们已经在这里等了两个多小时了。根据which movie are you waiting for可知，“等”这一动作还在进行，再由for more than two hours可知，“等”这一动作已经持续了一段时间，故此处时态用现在完成进行时；主语为We，助动词用have。
7.In order to stop the virus from spreading further, the scientist __________________ （explore） all
possible ways to control it in the past few months.
has been exploring
解析 句意为：为了阻止病毒进一步传播，这位科学家在过去的几个月里一直在探索所有可能的方法来控制它。根据时间状语in the past few months及语境可知，此处表示动作从过去某一时间开始，在过去的几个月里一直延续，很可能还要继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续；主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。
8.Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, _________________ （desire） to
have a 20-year gathering during this summer.
has been desiring
解析 句意为：自上个月以来，乔治和他以前的一些同班同学就一直希望在今年夏天举办一场毕业二十周年的同学聚会。根据时间状语Since last month可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；“希望在今年夏天举办一场毕业二十周年的同学聚会”这个想法是一直存在的，还可能继续下去，故用现在完成进行时；主语为George，是第三人称单数，助动词用has。
刷语法填空
[湖北部分高中联考协作体2023高二期中] &31& 体裁：说明文 &32& 题材：动物保护 &33& 词数：203 &34& 难度：&35& &36& 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Preserving more habitats for China's giant pandas is providing a giant payoff.1. . （save） the
giant panda from dying out isn't just good for the panda, but also good for economy, a new analysis by
an international team of scientists shows.
The results, 2. . （publish） in the journal Current Biology, stress the economic benefits
that go hand in hand with environmental protection.Giant pandas are one of the 3. . （rare）
species around the world.But pandas fell on hard times in recent decades, thanks largely 4. . human
encroachment （侵占）.In 1980, many habitats 5. . （destroy） artificially, and in 1990,
their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometres, 6. . is a major threat to the pandas in large
part because bamboo, their main food source, is so low in nutrients that they must wander a lot of land
in order to find and eat enough of it.
Saving
published
rarest
to
were destroyed
which
Because of this, Chinese officials began making significant efforts to save the panda from
7. . （extinct）, establishing more reserves and increasing the reserve area three times.Panda
numbers 8. . （gradual） began to recover, hitting 1,596 in 2000 and 1,864 in 2013.
“9. . is clear that society's investment （投资） 10. . （start） to pay off so far in
terms of panda population recovery,” the study authors wrote.
extinction
gradually
It
has started
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护中国大熊猫栖息地的成果及其带来的好处。
1._______
Saving
解析 句意为：一个国际科学家团队的一项分析显示，拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济也有好处。此处作主语，表示经常性的动作，应用动名词Saving。
2.__________
published
解析 句意为：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了经济效益与环境保护齐头并进的重要性。主句的谓语动词为stress，设空处作定语修饰results，应用非谓语动词形式，publish与The results之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。
3.______
rarest
解析 句意为：大熊猫是世界上最稀有的物种之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”，设空处应填形容词最高级rarest。
4.___
to
解析 句意为：但大熊猫在最近几十年陷入了生存危机，这主要是由于人类侵占土地。thanks to为固定搭配，表示“由于”。
5.______________
were destroyed
解析 句意为：1980年，许多栖息地被人为破坏，1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12,340平方千米，这在很大程度上对大熊猫构成了严重威胁，因为竹子是它们的主要食物来源，其营养成分非常低，它们必须四处游荡才能找到并吃到足够多的竹子。设空处是前一个分句的谓语，由In 1980可知，此处应用一般过去时；many habitats与destroy之间为被动关系，且主语many habitats为复数，故填were destroyed。
6._______
which
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的their habitats covered only 12,340 square kilometres，在从句中充当主语，应填关系代词which。
7.__________
extinction
解析 句意为：正因为如此，中国官员开始作出重大努力来拯救大熊猫免于灭绝，他们建立了更多的保护区，使保护区面积增加了三倍。设空处在介词from后，应用名词extinction作宾语。
8._________
gradually
解析 句意为：大熊猫的数量逐渐开始恢复，2000年达到1,596只，2013年达到1,864只。设空处修饰动词began，应用副词gradually。
9.___
It
解析 句意为：很明显，就熊猫数量的恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始有成效。此处为固定句型it is clear that…，表示“显然……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填It。
10.___________
has started
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据so far可知，设空处应用现在完成时，从句主语为society's investment，谓语用第三人称单数形式。
[浙江宁波金兰教育合作组织2023高二期中] A
&37& 体裁：说明文 &38& 题材：土壤保护 &39& 词数：331 &40& 难度：&41& &42& 建议用时：8分钟
Soil creates life from death.The production of more than 95% of the food we eat relies on soil.But this precious resource is eroding （侵蚀） at a global average of 13.5 tonnes per hectare per year.Instead of nourishing crops, fertile topsoil is washed and blown away, ending up in inconvenient places such as ditches and the ocean.
Jo Handelsman and Kayla Cohen try to make readers care about soil in A World Without Soil.Their prologue （前言） takes the form of a letter to the government.With the letter, they hope to make soil management a federal priority.The following chapters cover the basic science of soil as well as the causes and consequences of its erosion.In the last part of the book, the authors turn to possible solutions.They describe traditional soil management techniques, including planting diverse crops in rotation （交替）, increasing the organic content, ploughing as little as possible, etc.With these techniques, farmers are able to produce rich agricultural production while maintaining deep banks of fertile soil.
Why, then, is fertile soil being allowed to be washed and blown away The answer, not surprisingly, rests in global capitalism.Farming's profit is thin, forcing farmers to plant the highest-profit crop from field to field every season.To ensure food security, Handelsman and Cohen urge the world to demand a real top-down change in how agricultural production is managed.“The burden of protecting soil cannot be shifted to farmers and environmental activists,” they note.Governments must begin to move towards a model in which farmers are less independent business people growing and selling food, but more government-supported land workers managing both food production and soil protection.This should be the core of agriculture.
Our land and soil are too precious to be destroyed by the market price of crops.We must invest deeply and thoughtfully in our farmers so that they can do the same in the land.This is the future of farming.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章提及土壤侵蚀的现状，介绍了乔·汉德尔斯曼和凯拉·科恩所著的作品内容和他们针对土壤流失提出的建议。
1.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about ( )
B
A.The gradual process of soil erosion. B.The worrying situation of soil erosion.
C.The alarming decrease of food output. D.The great significance of soil protection.
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的But this precious resource is eroding at a global average of 13.5 tonnes per hectare per year.Instead of nourishing crops, fertile topsoil is washed and blown away, ending up in inconvenient places such as ditches and the ocean.可知，第一段主要讲述土壤侵蚀的状况严重，令人担忧。
2.What do we know about the book A World Without Soil ( )
B
A.It targets federal officials as its main readers.
B.It puts forward some practical solutions to soil loss.
C.It advocates changing traditional farming techniques.
D.It blames governments for not taking care of farmlands.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In the last part of the book, the authors turn to possible solutions.They describe… deep banks of fertile soil.可知，《没有土壤的世界》一书针对土壤流失提出了一些实用的解决方法。
3.What do Handelsman and Cohen suggest farmers do ( )
D
A.Invest in the most profitable crops. B.Grow and sell food all by themselves.
C.Shoulder the burden of protecting soil. D.Work the land with government support.
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Governments must begin to move towards a model in which farmers are less independent business people growing and selling food, but more government-supported land workers managing both food production and soil protection.可知，农民应在政府的支持下从事农业生产，所以D项符合题意。
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text ( )
A
A.A Call to Save Soil B.Tips to Reshape Agriculture
C.Ways to Enrich Farmland D.An Appeal to Guarantee Food Supply
解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段陈述土壤侵蚀的严重状况，再根据第四段第二句We must invest deeply and thoughtfully in our farmers so that they can do the same in the land.可知，作者呼吁人们保护土壤，所以A项（呼吁拯救土壤）为最佳标题。
长难句分析
Governments must begin to move towards a model. . { in which
主句
farmers are less independent business people growing and selling
主语 系动词 表语 现在分词短语作定语修饰people
food,. .but more government-supported land workers managing both. .
并列连词 表语
food production and soil protection}in which引导定语从句.
句意：政府必须开始转向一种模式，在这种模式下，农民不再是种植和销售粮食的独立商人，更大程度上是由政府支持的土地工人，负责粮食生产和土壤保护。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.priority n.优先事项；优先权
2.urge v.敦促;竭力主张
熟词生义
cover 熟义：v.遮盖；覆盖 n.覆盖物；封面
生义：v.包含；涉及；足以支付；走完；报道 n.保险
[浙江北斗星盟2023高二期中] B
&43& 体裁：说明文 &44& 题材：动物保护 &45& 词数：301 &46& 难度：&47& &48& 建议用时：8分钟
The International Union for Conservation of Nature （IUCN） added the Chinese paddlefish （白鲟） to its list of extinct species in July, 2022.People will never see a living Chinese paddlefish again as it has been declared extinct.For many people in China, this may have been the first time they heard the name of the fish that was once a denizen （特定地区的动物） of the Yangtze River Basin.
The fish had lived in the Yangtze River Basin since about 150 million years ago.It was among the world's biggest freshwater species and could grow up to 7.5 metres in length.The last time the fish was spotted was in 2003 in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Yibin, Sichuan Province.It was an injured female Chinese paddlefish.After local people treated its wounds, it was released into the river.
Along with the loss of the Chinese paddlefish, another sturgeon （鲟鱼） species, the Yangtze sturgeon is now classified as “extinct in the wild”.
“The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish should be a warning for everyone,” said Zhou Fei, China's chief programme officer at the World Wide Fund for Nature.“It has provided an opportunity for conservation experts to raise public awareness about the urgency of protecting freshwater species in the Yangtze River Basin and educate the public on the need for more efforts to save other species living in the region from extinction,” he added.
To prevent further loss of freshwater species in China, people must act urgently.There is no time to waste.Also, long-term threats to their life and habitats must be eliminated by taking systematic protection measures.The protection of biodiversity will delay the extinction of some species.It's not something that can be achieved by certain departments.Instead, it requires joint efforts from all sectors of society.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了白鲟的灭绝，同时该物种的灭绝给人类敲响了保护长江流域淡水物种的警钟。
1.What did the IUCN announce in 2022 ( )
A
A.The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish.
B.A new list of endangered wildlife in the world.
C.A prohibition on overfishing in freshwater lakes.
D.The discovery of a rare species in the Yangtze River.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The International Union for Conservation of Nature （IUCN） added the Chinese paddlefish to its list of extinct species in July, 2022.People will never see a living Chinese paddlefish again as it has been declared extinct.可知，世界自然保护联盟在2022年宣布了白鲟的灭绝。
2.What is the purpose of Paragraph 2 ( )
C
A.To present the diversity of freshwater species.
B.To stress the key role of the Chinese paddlefish in the ecosystem.
C.To offer some information about the Chinese paddlefish.
D.To show the difficulty of protecting the Chinese paddlefish.
解析 推理判断题。第二段内容介绍了白鲟的生存年代、体长以及栖息环境等，故第二段的目的是提供一些有关白鲟的信息。
3.What can we infer from Zhou Fei's words ( )
A
A.The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish is a wake-up call to mankind.
B.It is challenging for the public to save endangered species.
C.The sturgeon has been declining sharply in recent years.
D.The loss of freshwater species results in serious consequences.
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish should be a warning for everyone以及It has provided an opportunity for conservation experts to raise public awareness… save other species living in the region from extinction可知，白鲟灭绝给人类敲响了保护长江流域淡水物种的警钟。
4.What does the underlined word “eliminated” in the last paragraph mean ( )
B
A.Ignored. B.Removed. C.Estimated. D.Preserved.
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文To prevent further loss of freshwater species in China, people must act urgently.There is no time to waste.可知，为了防止中国淡水物种消失得更多，人们必须紧急行动起来，因此对淡水物种的生命和栖息地构成的长期威胁应该被消除。画线词与removed为同义词，意为“消除”。
词汇加油站
核心词汇
1.extinct adj.灭绝的；消亡的
2.release v.释放；发泄；解雇；发布
3.urgency n.紧急，紧急情况
熟词生义
reach 熟义：n.波及范围；臂展 v.到达；够得着
生义：n.河段；直水道
[辽宁大连二十四中2023高二期中] &49& 体裁：记叙文 &50& 题材：爱护环境 &51& 词数：292 &52& 难度：&53& &54& 建议用时：13分钟
There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were . .1. . and the hedges （树篱） desperately needed to be cut back.It looked very . .2. ..But when the neighbours saw their . .3. ., they just looked at each other and laughed.
It seemed too hard to . .4. . all the gardens and no one could be bothered to make them better because everyone's garden was . .5. . terrible.No one felt it was urgent to . .6. . anything.Then a gardener named Bill moved in.Bill was a . .7. ., hard-working and patient man who started working in the garden as soon as he . .8. . into the street.He took his lawn mower （割草机） out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds.Finally, he took up his gardening and started . .9. . his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.
Attracted by the . .10. ., the neighbours walked by and admired the newly manicured （修整） garden.Over some time, something interesting happened.One by one, the neighbours started to put in more . .11. . in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again.After a few months, the street was . .12. . from a dirty, unappealing collection of houses to a beautiful avenue that wouldn't be out of place in a stylish magazine.
One person's action showed everyone what could be achieved with a little . .13. . work.It's easy for us to . .14. . the environment around us because no one else cares about it.Remember what you positively do not only . .15. . yourself, but also results in a change to the whole world.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从前有一条普通的街道，住在那里的人们都不打理自己的花园，但他们在园林设计师比尔的影响下开始修整自己的花园，让周围环境变得更美。一个人的积极行为不但可以让自己受益，还能改变整个世界。
1.( )A.taking over B.dying out C.giving out D.falling off
A
解析 句意为：草坪杂草丛生，树篱急需修剪。根据上文中的The lawns were overgrown可知，此处指“杂草占据了花园”，即杂草“接管”了花园。
2.( )A.tidy B.delicate C.familiar D.awful
D
解析 句意为：这看起来非常糟糕。根据上文中的The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were______ and the hedges desperately needed to be cut back.可知，花园杂草丛生，树篱急需修剪，这样的景象看起来非常糟糕。
3.( )A.gardens B.doors C.roofs D.farms
A
解析 句意为：但当邻居们看着他们的花园时，他们只是相视而笑。根据上文中的There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.可知，此处是指花园。
4.( )A.purchase B.guard C.clear D.build
C
解析 句意为：要清理所有这些花园似乎太难了，大家都懒得去收拾，因为大家的花园都一样糟糕。根据下文的to make them better可知，此处是指清理这些花园。
5.( )A.scarcely B.invisibly C.slightly D.equally
D
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据上文中的where no one cared much for their gardens可知，这条街上人们的花园都同样糟糕，因为大家都不关心花园。
6.( )A.keep B.change C.reach D.defeat
B
解析 句意为：没有人觉得急需改变什么。结合上文提到大家看到杂草丛生的花园都无动于衷、不想清理可知，没人想要作出改变。结尾的but also results in a change to the whole world也是提示。
7.( )A.proud B.casual C.neat D.selfish
C
解析 句意为：比尔是一个爱干净、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他搬到这条街之后就开始在花园里忙碌起来。根据下文中的He took his lawn mower out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds.可知，比尔开始清理花园，由此推知他是一个爱干净的人。
8.( )A.moved B.stepped C.rushed D.wandered
A
解析 句意见上一题解析。根据上文中的Then a gardener named Bill moved in.可知，比尔搬到了这条街。
9.( )A.planting B.picking C.watering D.shaping
D
解析 句意为：最后，他开始了他的园艺工作，开始给树篱做造型，让它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球等等。根据下文中的making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc可知，比尔在给树篱做造型。
10.( )A.office clerk B.fashion designer C.landscape gardener D.street cleaner
C
解析 句意为：被这位园林设计师吸引，邻居们专程过来欣赏刚刚修整好的花园。根据上文中的Then a gardener named Bill以及he took up his gardening and started______his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc可推知，比尔是一个园林设计师。
11.( )A.furniture B.staff C.effort D.heat
C
解析 句意为：邻居们陆续开始投入更多的精力到自己的花园中，割草机的声音又可以被听见了。根据上文中的There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens.可知，从前邻居们对自家的花园不管不顾，但现在在比尔的影响下开始投入更多的精力。
12.( )A.transformed B.raised C.enlarged D.passed
A
解析 句意为：几个月后，这条街从一堆肮脏、难看的房子变成了一条在时尚杂志上都不会显得格格不入的美丽的街道。由上文内容可知，现在这条街的人都格外关注自己的花园，由此推知这条街被改变了。
13.( )A.mental B.hard C.corporate D.optional
B
解析 句意为：一个人的行为向所有人展示了只要付出一点努力就可以有收获。根据上文中的One by one, the neighbours started to put in more _______in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again.可知，只要每个人都付出一点努力，结果就会有很大改变。
14.( )A.observe B.mind C.overlook D.pollute
C
解析 句意为：我们很容易忽略我们周围的环境，因为其他人都不在乎它。根据上文中的The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were______ and the hedges desperately needed to be cut back.和But when the neighbours saw their _______, they just looked at each other and laughed.可知，人们很容易忽略周围的环境，因为大家都不关注。
15.( )A.traps B.benefits C.defends D.admires
B
解析 句意为：记住，你积极从事的事情不仅对自己有益，还可以改变整个世界。结合上文内容可知，比尔清理花园的行为不仅对自己有好处，还带动整条街的邻居着手美化周围的环境。
03
单元限时小卷
建议用时：56分钟
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021] &55& 体裁：说明文 &56& 题材：人与自然 &57& 词数：299 &58& 难度：&59& &60& 建议用时：8分钟
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl （水禽） were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat （栖息地）.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act （Act）, an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory （迁徙的） waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by
J.N.“Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
【语篇导读】由于大量探险家和定居者的到来，北美水禽被大量捕杀，且其栖息地遭到严重破坏，为此政府于1934年通过法案以防止对野生动物和湿地的破坏，并取得明显成效。
1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America ( )
A
A.Loss of wetlands. B.Popularity of water sports.
C.Pollution of rivers. D.Arrival of other wild animals.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters… Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to… greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.可知，猎人的捕杀和湿地变干导致栖息地减少是水禽数量减少的重要原因。
2.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph ( )
C
A.Acquire. B.Export. C.Destroy. D.Distribute.
解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句可知，大量水禽被捕杀，且随着居住人口的增加，大量湿地变干，水禽的栖息地也随之大大减少，从而导致了水禽数量减少。因此，此处指那些探险家和定居者毁坏了很多的自然资源。destroy意为“毁灭；破坏”，与画线词意思相近。
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934 ( )
D
A.The stamp price has gone down. B.The migratory birds have flown away.
C.The hunters have stopped hunting. D.The government has collected money.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes… Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat和倒数第二句Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.可知，自1934年通过该法案以来，政府已募集了很多资金。
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text ( )
A
A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story B.The National Wildlife Refuge System
C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了北美水禽等野生动物遭遇猎杀及其栖息地被破坏后，政府通过一项法案以防止破坏的持续发生，并取得了明显成效。文章第二、三段介绍了联邦鸭票的起源、具体做法及成效，尤其是文章第三段最后一句起到点题的作用。故A项（联邦鸭票的故事）适合作为本文标题。
【方法总结】确定文章标题的方法
在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。通常情况下，文章的主题句即可概括为标题，而主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。
[安徽宿州十三所重点中学2023高二期中联考] &61& 体裁：说明文 &62& 题材：健康生活 &63& 词数：283 &64& 难度：&65& &66& 建议用时：8分钟
Perhaps you use your headphones to enjoy music and peace and quiet during the day.1. . 1 in 5
teens will have some types of hearing loss.It is 30% higher than just 20 years ago, and experts are
pinning it on headphones.
In fact, headphones are not a bad thing.They can bring peace, allow for better musical enjoyment,
and even protect your ears from higher decibels （分贝）.2. .
How long should you wear your headphones every day The answer is, according to the World
Health Organization （WHO）, one hour per day.3. . But the fact is that the longer you listen, the
sooner you're going to lose your hearing.To keep hearing loss from happening to you, you should follow
the recommendation in place by the WHO that you keep your time with headphones on limited to one
hour per day.
F
D
A
4. . With headphones, it depends on the type you're using and your environment.To test things out,
you should take them off your ears and extend them in your hands out in front of you.If you still hear
your music clearly, you need to turn them down.If you are using open-back headphones, you should try
to have a conversation with someone nearby.When you're able to carry on the conversation clearly,
you're listening at a proper volume.But do remember that never raise the volume on your listening
device over 60% of the maximum!
At times, hearing loss isn't permanent.5. . It usually isn't noticeable in the beginning.It's not until
it's too late that most people realise that the damage has been done.The only way to know for sure is
to consult your doctor.
E
B
A.This might seem unreasonable to you.
B.At others this loss will build up over time.
C.Then, how do you lower the volume of your headphones
D.It's the duration and volume that cause the problem, however.
E.Then, how do you set the safest volume for your headphones
F.But you may be neglecting the dangers of hearing loss with headphones.
G.Actually, it's a wonderful thing to shut out the rest of the world and enjoy your music.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世卫组织的建议，每天戴耳机的时间限制在一小时之内，永远不要把你的听力设备的音量调到最大音量的60％以上。
1.___
F
解析 根据空前Perhaps you use your headphones to enjoy music and peace and quiet during the day.和空后1 in 5 teens will have some types of hearing loss.It is 30% higher than just 20 years ago, and experts are pinning it on headphones.可知，空前提出使用耳机听音乐可以享受宁静，空后用数据具体指出耳机造成的听力丧失。F项与前文构成转折，并引出后文的具体例子。
2.___
D
解析 根据前文In fact, headphones are not a bad thing.They can bring peace… 可知，空前指出了使用耳机的好处。但是第三段介绍了世界卫生组织提出的建议，即不要长时间戴耳机；第四段则建议控制耳机的音量。所以D项承上启下，指出造成问题的是戴耳机的持续时间和耳机的音量。
3.___
A
解析 根据前文How long should you wear your headphones every day The answer is, according to the World Health Organization （WHO）, one hour per day.以及后文But the fact is that the longer you listen, the sooner you're going to lose your hearing.可知，A项内容承接上文，且和下文构成转折关系，A项中的This指代前文中的one hour per day。
4.___
E
解析 根据后文To test things out, you should take them off your ears and extend them in your hands out in front of you.If you still hear your music clearly, you need to turn them down.可知，空后主要提出如何测试你的耳机音量是否太大。E项与本段主旨相关。
5.___
B
解析 根据空前At times, hearing loss isn't permanent.可知，空前提出听力丧失不是永久性的。B项中的At others对应At times，此处是说有时听力丧失并不是永久性的，但在其他时候，这种丧失会随着时间而累积，B项中的this loss指代空前的hearing loss。
&67& 体裁：记叙文 &68& 题材：人物故事 &69& 词数：239 &70& 难度：&71& &72& 建议用时：12分钟
Paige Calendine of Zanesville, Ohio, may look a little different from her teammates, but she's just as talented—if not more so.Paige was born without legs, but she has . .1. . a lot.
Her parents, Sean and Heidi, chose early not to place. .2. . on her.When she was 18 months old, they asked her to enrol （注册） on gymnastics classes to help her . .3. . upper body strength!
“Because she was born without legs, she doesn't know it's a. .4. .,” Sean explained.“We . .5. . right away that we would not treat her like a disabled child or make things . .6. . for her.We wanted her to learn how to . .7. . the real world.”
In the years since, Paige has . .8. . herself to be a gifted athlete! Today, she's part of the XceL Team at Zanesville Gymnastics.Her . .9. . has not only inspired her coaches and teammates, but also earned her . .10. .! In a gymnastics competition, the 8-year-old took first place! . .11. ., she is looking forward to trying other sports in the future, including swimming and archery （射箭）! She has never . .12. . her abilities and hopes to encourage others to adopt the same . .13. ..“Face your disadvantage bravely, and you can . .14. . anything that happens in your life,” she said.
What an inspiration! Paige has . .15. . that we don't have to let anything get in the way of doing what we love.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。佩奇·卡伦戴恩生来就没有双腿，但是她的父母一直把她当作正常的孩子培养，她已是曾斯维尔体操队的一员，在一次体操比赛中年仅8岁的她获得了第一名。
1.( )A.suffered B.achieved C.thought D.seen
B
解析 根据she's just as talented可知，佩奇很有天赋；后文谈到她参加体操训练，成为曾斯维尔体操队的一员，而且还获得了体操比赛的第一名，说明她取得了很多成就。故选B项。
2.( )A.attention B.limits C.association D.goals
B
解析 根据When she was 18 months old, they asked her to enrol on gymnastics classes可知，佩奇的父母在她18个月大的时候，就让她注册了体操课程。由此可知，她的父母很早就选择不会因为她的残疾就给她设定一些限制。故选B项。
3.( )A.build B.evaluate C.control D.discover
A
解析 根据Because she was born without legs可知，佩奇生来就没有双腿，所以她父母将她送去上体操课，帮助她锻炼上半身的力量。故选A项。
4.( )A.phenomenon B.shame C.burden D.disability
D
解析 根据Because she was born without legs可知，因为生来就没有腿，所以佩奇不知道这是一种缺陷。phenomenon意为“现象”；shame意为“羞愧”；burden意为“负担”；disability 意为“缺陷”。故选D项。
5.( )A.announced B.signalled C.decided D.advocated
C
解析 根据When she was 18 months old, they asked her to enrol on gymnastics classes to help her ________ upper body strength!可知，佩奇的父母在她18个月大的时候，就给她报名上体操课，所以此处指在佩奇出生后，他们就决定不会像对待残疾人一样对待她。故选C项。
6.( )A.accurate B.useful C.easy D.clear
C
解析 根据We_______ right away that we would not treat her like a disabled child可知，佩奇的父母决定不会像对待残疾人一样对待她，所以也不会因为她是残疾人，就让她的生活变得轻松。故选C项。
7.( )A.adjust to B.care about C.depend on D.cheer for
A
解析 根据语境可知，他们这样做的目的是让她学会如何适应现实世界，不会因为她有缺陷就让她受到特殊照顾。 adjust to意为“适应”；care about意为“关心”；depend on意为“依靠”；cheer for意为“为……欢呼”。故选A项。
8.( )A.considered B.proved C.believed D.encouraged
B
解析 根据Today, she's part of the XceL Team at Zanesville Gymnastics.和In a gymnastics competition, the 8-year-old took first place!可知，她现在是曾斯维尔体操队的一员，在比赛中还获得了第一名，由此可知她证明了自己是一个有天赋的运动员。故选B项。
9.( )A.honour B.potential C.desire D.talent
D
解析 根据In the years since, Paige has _______ herself to be a gifted athlete!可知，她的天赋激励了她的教练和队友。gifted与talent相呼应。故选D项。
10.( )A.medals B.skills C.sympathy D.responsibility
A
解析 根据the 8-year-old took first place可知，此处指她的天赋让她获得了奖牌。故选A项。
11.( )A.Unexpectedly B.Randomly C.Unreasonably D.Differently
A
解析 根据she is looking forward to trying other sports in the future, including swimming and archery可知，她在体操方面取得了成就，作为残疾人，她正期待未来可以尝试其他运动，包括游泳、射箭等，这是令人意想不到的。unexpectedly意为“出乎意料地”；randomly意为“随意地”；unreasonably意为“不合理地”；differently意为“不同地”。故选A项。
12.( )A.analysed B.described C.doubted D.shared
C
解析 根据前文提到的内容和后面hopes to encourage others to adopt the same ______可知，佩奇对自己充满信心，从来没有怀疑过自己的能力。故选C项。
13.( )A.hobby B.attitude C.luck D.concept
B
解析 佩奇希望以自己的事迹鼓励其他人也采取同样的态度（对待身体缺陷和生活中发生的其他事情）。故选B项。
14.( )A.convey B.understand C.select D.overcome
D
解析 根据Face your disadvantage bravely和佩奇的故事可知，勇敢地面对自己的劣势，你可以克服生活中发生的任何事情。 convey意为“表达”；understand意为“理解”；select意为“选择”；overcome意为“克服”。故选D项。
15.( )A.concluded B.directed C.replied D.shown
D
解析 根据What an inspiration!和we don't have to let anything get in the way of doing what we love可知，佩奇向我们诠释了：我们不必让任何事阻碍我们做自己喜欢的事。故选D项。
[湖南雅礼实验中学2023高二月考] &73& 体裁：记叙文 &74& 题材：文学艺术 &75& 词数：192 &76& 难度：&77& &78& 建议用时：8分钟
Known as a “voice catcher” in his social circle, Long Qing is working to record dialects and
1. . （nature） sounds in danger of fading away 2. . a result of urbanisation.
The native of Changsha, Hunan Province, has an acute appreciation for sounds and voices, and his
previous job as 3. . audio editor may help explain his gift in some degree.Whenever he has spare
time, Long wanders the city's old streets 4. . （listen） for sounds that are unique to
Changsha.Now as a self-employed sound designer, Long has a number of recordings of Changsha
dialects.In Remix Changsha, Long has mixed different voices and sounds, such as the sound of stinky
tofu sizzling （发出咝咝声） in oil and people reciting the names of Changsha 5. .
（landmark）.“All these sounds allow listeners to 6. . （real） feel Changsha,” he said.
Long Qing 7. . （work） to preserve Changsha's aural culture and has created many
audio pieces to post online since 2013.He also organised activities 8. . （teach） the public
about the very sounds 9. . we need to preserve.He hopes that in the future, more people, especially
teenagers, will develop a sharper sense of aural art and even create new sounds of 10. . （they）
own.
natural
as
an
listening
landmarks
really
has worked
to teach
that
their
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了80后录音师龙青用录音记录长沙的城市声音。
1._______
natural
解析 句意为：龙青在他的社交圈内被称为“声音捕手”，他正在努力记录因为城市化有可能消失的方言和自然声音。设空处用形容词作定语，修饰名词sounds。
2.___
as
解析 句意见上一题解析。as a result of意为“因为，由于”，是固定短语。
【知识拓展】表示“因为；由于”的常用表达
as a result of, as a consequence of, because of, owing to, due to, on account of, thanks to
3.____
an
解析 句意为：他出生于湖南长沙，对声音有敏锐的鉴赏力，他以前的音频编辑工作可能在某种程度上有助于解释他的天赋。此处表示“一名音频编辑”，表泛指，应填不定冠词，且audio是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
4._________
listening
解析 句意为：每当有空闲时间，龙青就会在城市的老街上漫步，聆听长沙特有的声音。主句谓语动词为wanders，设空处作伴随状语，应用非谓语形式，且主句的主语Long与listen构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。
5.__________
landmarks
解析 句意为：在《Remix长沙》中，龙青将不同的声音混合在一起，比如臭豆腐在油中咝咝作响的声音和人们背诵长沙地标名称的声音。landmark是可数名词，根据空前的names可知，此处表示复数含义，应用复数。
6.______
really
解析 句意为：他说：“所有这些声音都能让听众真正感受到长沙。”设空处修饰feel，应用副词作状语。
7.___________
has worked
解析 句意为：自2013年以来，龙青一直致力于保护长沙的听觉文化，并创作了许多音频作品发布在网上。根据时间状语since 2013及空后的has created可知，用现在完成时。
8._________
to teach
解析 句意为：他还组织了活动，向公众传授需要保存的声音。主句谓语动词为organised，根据句意可知，设空处表目的，应用不定式。
9._____
that
解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处引导定语从句，修饰sounds，定语从句中缺少宾语，先行词sounds被the very修饰，故用关系代词that引导该从句。
10._____
their
解析 句意为：他希望在未来，更多的人，尤其是青少年，能培养更敏锐的听觉艺术感，甚至创造出属于自己的新声音。of one's own意为“属于某人自己的”，是固定用法。
[湖北武汉武昌区2023高二期中] &79& 难度：&80& &81& 建议用时：20分钟
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was Saturday.My daughter and I were chatting in the backyard when I heard someone calling me.I turned around.Standing in the yard was a little boy, strong, brown-haired and dusted with a fine layer of dirt.“William!” I cried in surprise.“What are you doing here ”
“I'm taking care of the lawn,” he answered proudly, sticking his chest out—William's father owned a lawn sodding company.“I'm sure he appreciates that,” I said to my daughter.“This is William, one of my students, Grade 2.He's a joy to have in class.”
It was true.Little William was a delight.He loved plants and animals and playing outside during break.And even though he struggled with his study, he never once complained.There was brightness he brought with him wherever he went.
I'd never forget the day in class when another student was having trouble understanding the lesson.“Don't worry,” William comforted, eyes wide and sincere.“Sometimes, second grade is really hard.” He was a gentle soul, wise beyond his years.
Still, I couldn't help but worry.Despite his firm determination, William's grades were poor.Sometimes, I wondered if he'd be able to pass.
“See you Monday, Ms Woodall!” he said, running to his father's side.My daughter and I waved, but William stayed on my mind for the rest of the weekend.
Back at school, William's grades showed no sign of improvement until the last few weeks of the year.When we studied the life cycle of plants, William stood out.I'd never seen him so invested in the classroom.Though I was happy for him, the worry remained.Would he be able to enter Grade Three
Every year, as a class project, each child planted a sunflower seed in one of those containers.I did this every year but had never seen blossom.This year, I together with William, planted 20 seeds behind the library.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Actually, it took too long to see results from daily watering, various results.____
About a month into the summer vacation, I happened to drive by the library.___
【写作提示】
1.材料导读
材料大意 本文讲述了威廉是一个阳光乐观的孩子，尽管他的学习成绩不是很好，
但是他积极乐观，乐于助人。这一年，作者和威廉在图书馆后面播下了
20颗向日葵种子。
故事背景 二年级的威廉学习成绩不好，但他有着坚定的意志力并喜欢动植物。
主要角色 威廉（乐观向上，喜欢照顾动植物）、作者（威廉的老师）
写作顺序 时间顺序
主要矛盾/需要解决的问题 作者担心威廉的学习成绩，担心他无法升入三年级。
2.续写分析
续写第一段（提示句：事实上，每天浇水也 要很长时间才能看到结果，各种各样的