(共42张PPT)
Unit 3 Language in use
Module 12 Help
外研·八年级上册
—What are they doing
They ____ _______ the
building quickly when
the ground stops shaking.
are leaving
Lead-in
What are they doing
They are _______ _______ a table.
hiding under
What is he doing
He is ________ ______ from the sea and moving quickly to higher ground.
running away
祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、
劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。
祈使句一般以动词原形开头，
无时态和数的变化。
常见的句型如下:
一、祈使句
暗含的主语是you，通常省略。否定句往往由do not (don’t)或never开头。祈使句的句首或句末有时加please,还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。
1. 动词原形构成的祈使句
Have a nice day!
Don’t waste your time!
Never be late again!
Come this way, please.
Please be quiet, boys!
Make sure he’s warm.
Don’t use the lift.
例:
2. Let’s 构成的祈使句
这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。
例: a) Let’s spend this weekend in the countryside.
b) Let’s take a taxi, shall we
在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，
它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简洁有力。
例: a) Just a minute, please!
b) This way, please!
3. 无动词祈使句
情态动词can和could表示“能够，可以”等意义的用法。还可表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“会，可能”，但can表示推测时，往往用于否定句和疑问句。用于疑问句时，can比could表示的“可能性要大；用于否定句时，can’t表示“不可能”。
例: You can’t be serious!
二、情态动词must/can/could表示推测
could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。
在以下例句中,can和could均表示可能:
a) He could be in pain.
b) That could be harmful!
c) Can/Could this be true
情态动词must也可以表示猜测, 意为“一定，准是”，通常只用于肯定句。
例: Betty, you must know.
— Who sent the present Can it be your brother
(表示不可能)
对比下列一组句子:
(询问可能性)
— It must be your brother. I saw him in your room
just now.
(语气强烈， 表示非常肯定)
— It can’t be my brother. He is still in France.
Language practice
That ______ be harmful!
Betty, you ______ know!
_____ _____ from windows and heavy
furniture.
4. ______ ______ _____ street lights or under
power lines.
Stay away
must
could
Don’t stand near
1
1. It is dangerous. You ______ keep out!
2. These stairs are not safe. You ________ use them.
3. The rocks are falling down. You ______ get hit.
4. The river is too deep. You _________ swim in it.
5. Betty ______ know what to do because she did
some basic medical training.
must
mustn’t
could
mustn’t
must
Complete the sentences with could, must or mustn’t.
2
Underline the correct words to complete
the first aid instructions.
1. Get / Do not get medical help immediately.
2. Ask / Do not ask them where the pain is.
3. Lift / Do not lift them because you may drop
them.
4. Keep / Do not keep them warm.
3
Complete the poster about earthquakes
with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.
do not use hide under keep leave stay away
When there is an earthquake...
1. ____________ from the windows.
2. ____________ a table. 3. ____________ the lift.
4. ____________ the building quickly when the ground
stops shaking.
5. ____________ calm.
Stay away
Hide under
Do not use
Leave
Keep
4
Complete the conversation with the words
and expressions in the box.
chance Cover in pain in trouble medical
Tony: Daming is training hard for the big match.
Lingling: Yes, the team has a good
(1)_______ this year.
Tony: Oh no, Daming’s (2)___________.
He’s down!
Lingling: It looks like he’s (3)__________.
in pain
chance
in trouble
Tony: Daming, what happened
Daming: It’s my leg.
Lingling: (4)_______ him with my coat.
Tony: But don’t move him. Let’s wait for
someone with (5)_________ training.
Lingling: OK.
medical
Cover
chance Cover in pain in trouble medical
5
Complete the news report with the correct form of the words in the box.
clear inside power rock trouble warn
Information is coming in that there could be (1)_______ because of heavy rain in the north. The government is (2)________ people about falling (3)______. Some roads have a lot of rocks on them, but people are trying to (4)______ them quickly.
clear
trouble
warning
rocks
clear inside power rock trouble warn
In some places there is no (5)________.
And people must stay (6)________ to keep away from falling rocks.
inside
power
Now read the report again and check (√) the true sentences.
1. There are problems everywhere because of rain.
The government is warning people about an
earthquake.
3. Some roads in the mountains have a lot of
rocks on them.
4. People are trying to clear the rocks off the roads.
5. There is no problem with power.
×
√
×
√
×
6
Listen and complete the sentences.
1. We were having ________ at home when the
earthquake happened.
2. The room started to ________.
3. Father shouted to everyone to get under the
_____________.
4. We could not get out of the room because the ______
would not open.
5. My father called for help on his _____________.
6. People came to help us and we left our _______.
dinner
shake
kitchen table
door
mobile phone
flat
We were having dinner at home when the earthquake happened. The room started to shake and before we knew what was happening, father shouted to everyone to get under the kitchen table. We all sat on the floor under the table and waited.
Tapescript
When the ground stopped shaking, we got up and we weren’t hurt. We couldn’t get out of the room, because the door wouldn’t open. My father called for help on his mobile phone, and in three hours, people came to help us. They opened the door.
We got up and left our flat.
7
Read the passage and choose the correct answer.
A ten-year-old girl saved about one hundred other tourists in 2004 by warning them that a tsunami, a huge ocean wave, was on its way across the sea. She knew what was happening because she learnt about underwater earthquakes at school only a few weeks earlier, a newspaper reported.
“I was on the beach and the water started to go
funny,” Tilly Smith told the reporter from the newspaper. “There were bubbles（气泡）and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami（海啸）. I told Mum,” she said.
Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted quickly. They cleared people from the beach just minutes before a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died.
Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. “She’s a very clever girl... It is very lucky that our class were learning about this kind of tsunami just two weeks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper.
1 What’s the best title for this passage
a) 2004 Asian tsunami.
b) A girl saves tourists from tsunami.
c) Underwater earthquakes.
2 What did Tilly notice
a) Water coming to the beach.
b) People watching the water.
c) Bubbles in the water.
3 What does her teacher think of Tilly
a) She’s lucky.
b) She does not do silly things.
c) She is a clever student.
Around the world
Special buildings in Japan
Earthquakes are very common in Japan. Many can cause a lot of damage. But now there are new ways of constructing buildings to make them safer and stronger during earthquakes.
The Yokohama Landmark Tower is one of the tallest buildings in Japan. It is heavy and strong. It sits on rollers. This means the earth can rise and fall beneath the building without shaking it.
Module task:
8
Make a list of accidents that can happen at school.
Accidents How Where
Hurting hands/ knees/ legs Running fast/ Playing football Playground
Hitting your head Climbing a tree Garden
…
Making a poster about preventing
accidents at school
9
Work in groups. Choose an accident from
the list in Activity 8 and give instructions about what to do.
cold compress
hot compress
cover with bandage
lift it up highly
smear liquid medicine
For not serious cuts, wash the area
of cut, dry it and cover it with a
piece of clean cloth.
For serious cuts, never pull it out of the cut. Go to the hospital
immediately.
10
Make a poster about preventing accidents
at school using must/mustn’t.
You must stand in line
and wait for your turn
for the lunch.
You mustn’t
play, run, climb
at school.
present your poster to the class.
11
Exercise
1. — My brother won the first prize in speech
competition.
— Congratulations! You ______ be excited
about that!
A. need B. must C. would D. can
一、选择题。
2. The lady in this photo _____ be over fifty!
She looks so young!
A. mustn’t B. must C. can’t D. can
3. This toy Mickey Mouse ______ be Amy’s.
She’s the only kid at the picnic.
A. must B. can C. need D. can’t
4. — You ______ be excited that you’re going back
to your hometown soon.
— Yes, I can’t wait any longer.
A. shall B. can C. need D. must
5. — Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann
— It ________ be her. She is giving a performance
at the theatre now.
A. may B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t
1. ________ (look) out! A car is coming.
2. Be ________ ( care) !
3. Let ______ (he) go.
4. __________ ( not talk) and _______ (read) aloud.
5. If you see the sign “____ (no) Parking”, you
______ ( can ) park your car.
二、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
Look
careful
him
Don’t talk
read
No
can’t
1. Review the grammar we have learned in
this module.
2. Do the exercises.
Homework
