外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Grammar课件(共47张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Grammar课件(共47张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-23 16:19:57 | ||
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(共47张PPT)
外研版高中英语新教材选择性必修第二册
P3 Using language
- Grammar
Unit 4
Breaking boundaries
It as an empty subject
It is wise to follow the
instructions of the local
authorities.
to follow the instructions of the loacal authorities
是真正的主语
To follow the instructions of the loacal authorities is
wise.
When a flash flood warning is issued,
Focus on
基本概念
1. 概念
It as an empty subject
It 作形式主语
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) and (c) are from the reading passage.
P41 1
通常it作为形式主语，在句中没有实际意义，只是满足语法需要，起到一个平衡句子结构，避免句子头重脚轻的作用。
概念
Have A L k
1. I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
2. It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy, Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
3. In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
例句：（高考安徽卷）
is our hope
It
that we will play a greater role in the market place and, therefore, supply more jobs.
概念
一、把下列的句子变成用it的形式主语句。
1. To say goodbye is difficult for me.
It is difficult for me to say goodbye .
2. Playing too many computer games is a waste of time.
It is a waste of time playing too many computer games.
It is obvious that he is clever.
3.That he is clever is obvious.
课堂练习
概念
Focus on
类型
2. 类型
It as an empty subject
It 作形式主语
形式句真正主语由什么结构承担？
类型
通常it代替不定时、动名词、从句充当主语，起到一个平衡句子结构，避免句子头重脚轻的作用。
it代表不定式，又可以分为四种类型：
①It is difficult to translate the book.
②It is important to understand the rules.
③It is helpful to study Chinese.
（1）it + be + 形容词 + 不定式
一、it代表不定式
类型
（2）it+be + 名词 + 不定式
①It is my honour to help you.
②It was her duty to clean the room.
③It is a pleasure to have been working
with you in the past week.
类型
（3）it + be + 介词短语 + 不定式
①It was against my principle to do that.
②It was beyond my ability to finish the job on time.
类型
（4）it + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 不定式
①It cost 150 yuan to buy the dress.
②It takes me 30 minutes to get to school every day.
类型
链接真题
链接真题
(2019 新课标III卷）On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ________ (get) there.
(2018 浙江卷) Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ___ can be to eat out.
to get
it
链接真题
二、it代表动名词
（1）it代表动名词，以“be+形容词”作谓语。
①It is pleasant sitting here.
②It is good hearing English spoken.
③It is terribly tiring working late like this.
类型
①It is great fun sailing a boat.
②It is no use/a waste of time crying for spilt milk.
（2）it代表动名词，以“be+名词”作谓语。
类型
链接真题
三、it代表从句
it代表从句，具体可以分为四种类型：
①It is clear that he told a lie.
②It is natural that she knows everything about it.
③It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam.
（1）it + be + 形容词 + 从句
类型
①It is a pity that you can't come.
②It is a good start that you made a plan.
（2）it + be + 名词 + 从句
类型
①It is said that he is friendly.
②It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days.
（3）it + 动词的被动语态 + 从句
类型
①It may be/seems that he views the issue from a different perspective.
②It may seem that you’re wasting your life away.
（4）it + be/其他系动词 + 从句
类型
1. (2020 江苏卷）_____ is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
It
链接真题
1. David won first place in the maths contest. What a surprise!
_________________________________________
It’s a surprise that David won first place in the maths contest.
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
学以致用
2. Her book is said to have been translated into more than 3 languages.
________________________________________________________________________________
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
It is said that her book has been translated into more than 3 languages.
学以致用
3. Obviously, the old scientist doesn’t care much about money or fame.
__________________________________________________________________
It is obvious that the old scientist doesn’t care much about money or fame.
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
学以致用
4. The baby seems to be getting more curious about everything around him.
____________________________________________
It seems that the baby is getting more curious about everything around him.
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
学以致用
Focus on
句型
3. 常见句型
It as an empty subject
It 作形式主语
3. 常见句型
it作为形式主语的常见句型：
（1）It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain / … that…
（2）It is important / necessary/ right / strange / natural / …that… (should) do…
It is obvious that he’s late.
It is necessary that you do enough exercises before the race.
（3）It is said / reported / learnt / …that…
It is reported that a fourteen-year-old girl won the game.
（4） It is suggested / ordered / required /…that... (should) do...
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
（5）It is a pity / shame / …that…
It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film.
（6）It happens / seems / looks /appears /…that…
It happens that I know him.
（7）It doesn’t matter whether / if …
It doesn’t matter if you miss the bus, because there’s another one 15 minutes later.
（8）It looks /seems as if …
It looks as if he is wrong.
（9）It + be + adj. + of sb + to do…
It + be + adj. + for sb + to do
① It is kind of you to think so much of us.
② It's nice of you to help me.
③ It's dangerous for us to swim
in such deep pool.
④ It's necessary for us to study hard.
形容词为描述人品质及性格特征的词。常用的形容词有clever/
foolish/good/
nice/polite/kind等。
形容词为描述事物特征的词，常用的形容词有difficult / important / easy / hard/ necessary/ impossible/ dangerous等。
It's foolish _____ you to drive a car after drinking.
It's necessary ______us to master a foreign language.
of
for
（11） It + be + a waste of time doing…
It is a waste of time arguing with her.
（12） It is/was no good/use doing…
It is no good wasting time here.
（13） It is/was worth/worthwhile doing…
It is worth trying to use new technology
in education.
（10）It takes …(some time) to do…
It took us three hours to get there.
Rewrite the underlined parts using it as an empty subject.
P41 2
it is no longer quite so difficult for women and minorities to get roles in American film and television.
it is now a more realistic hope for minority actors to become a leading actor in Hollywood.
it is more common than before for women to write and direct Hollywood films.
it is seen as acceptable by film studios to cast white actors as Asian characters.
Check your answers:
Describe the city using the information provided and it as an empty subject.
Beijing today is multicultural. It is not a surprising thing for students to see ...
Beijing today is multicultural. It is not a surprising thing for students to see different skin colours in the same class. It is possible for people to hear many different languages and dialects. It is easy for people to find products from all over the world. It is not difficult for foreigners to settle down and find a job. It is a common thing for people from different countries to work in the same company.
P41 3
Possible answers:
用法
类型
it作为形式主语，代替句子的逻辑主语，并无实际词义。这可以保持句子的结构平衡，避免主语太长，显得头重脚轻。
it作形式主语
It指代不定式
It指代动名词
It指代从句
常见句型
（1）It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain
/ … that…
（2）It is important / necessary/ right / strange /
natural / …that… (should) do…
（3）It is said / reported / learnt / …that…
（4）It is suggested / ordered / required /…that...
(should) do...
（5）It is a pity / shame / …that…
（6）It happens / seems / looks /appears
/…that…
（7）It doesn’t matter whether / if …
（8）It looks /seems as if …
（9）It takes …(some time) to do
（10) It is + 形容词 +（of sb）+ to do…
（11）It + be + a waste of time doing…
（12）It is/was no good/use doing…
(13）It is/was worth/worthwhile doing…
常见句型
Ⅰ. 用适当的内容或括号中所给单词的适当形
式填空。
1. It is difficult for them ___________ (complete) the
project on time.
2. Ms. Chen adds that _____ is important for teens to stop to have a rest regularly from their computers or smart phones and do some physical activities.
3. It is his duty _________ (protect) the parts of
the Great Wall from being damaged.
4. It will be against my rule _________(say) something for you before our boss.
5. It is no good _______ (make) friends with those who are crazy about playing video games.
to complete
it
to protect
to say
making
6. It is natural ______ we will work harder if we know what we are working towards and why.
7. ___ is reported that this plant can prevent cancer.
8. ____ is a great honour for me to work with those famous specialists from all over the world.
9. ____ happened that I was in his office when you called him.
10. It’s expected ______ NASA’s goal will be
realized by the year 2035.
that
It
It
It
that
It is known to us _______ the mobile phone plays a very important part in our life and work. Is it possible for us ________ (live) without it Perhaps the answer is NO. ____ is a habit for most people to turn on their smart phones and surf the Internet as soon as they wake up. And it seems that there is something important waiting for them to deal with. What’s more, some people spend all day playing games on the phone. We know it is difficult for them _______ (beat) their addiction. So ____ is our duty to call on the public to reduce the time they spend on the phone.
Ⅱ.用适当的内容或括号中所给单词的适当形
式，完成短文。
that
to live
It
to beat
it
Self-evaluation
Can you understand the usage of it as
an empty subject
2. Can you describe a big city using it as
empty subject where appropriate
Finish the exercises in Learning English.
H
外研版高中英语新教材选择性必修第二册
P3 Using language
- Grammar
Unit 4
Breaking boundaries
It as an empty subject
It is wise to follow the
instructions of the local
authorities.
to follow the instructions of the loacal authorities
是真正的主语
To follow the instructions of the loacal authorities is
wise.
When a flash flood warning is issued,
Focus on
基本概念
1. 概念
It as an empty subject
It 作形式主语
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) and (c) are from the reading passage.
P41 1
通常it作为形式主语，在句中没有实际意义，只是满足语法需要，起到一个平衡句子结构，避免句子头重脚轻的作用。
概念
Have A L k
1. I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
2. It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy, Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
3. In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
例句：（高考安徽卷）
is our hope
It
that we will play a greater role in the market place and, therefore, supply more jobs.
概念
一、把下列的句子变成用it的形式主语句。
1. To say goodbye is difficult for me.
It is difficult for me to say goodbye .
2. Playing too many computer games is a waste of time.
It is a waste of time playing too many computer games.
It is obvious that he is clever.
3.That he is clever is obvious.
课堂练习
概念
Focus on
类型
2. 类型
It as an empty subject
It 作形式主语
形式句真正主语由什么结构承担？
类型
通常it代替不定时、动名词、从句充当主语，起到一个平衡句子结构，避免句子头重脚轻的作用。
it代表不定式，又可以分为四种类型：
①It is difficult to translate the book.
②It is important to understand the rules.
③It is helpful to study Chinese.
（1）it + be + 形容词 + 不定式
一、it代表不定式
类型
（2）it+be + 名词 + 不定式
①It is my honour to help you.
②It was her duty to clean the room.
③It is a pleasure to have been working
with you in the past week.
类型
（3）it + be + 介词短语 + 不定式
①It was against my principle to do that.
②It was beyond my ability to finish the job on time.
类型
（4）it + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 不定式
①It cost 150 yuan to buy the dress.
②It takes me 30 minutes to get to school every day.
类型
链接真题
链接真题
(2019 新课标III卷）On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ________ (get) there.
(2018 浙江卷) Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ___ can be to eat out.
to get
it
链接真题
二、it代表动名词
（1）it代表动名词，以“be+形容词”作谓语。
①It is pleasant sitting here.
②It is good hearing English spoken.
③It is terribly tiring working late like this.
类型
①It is great fun sailing a boat.
②It is no use/a waste of time crying for spilt milk.
（2）it代表动名词，以“be+名词”作谓语。
类型
链接真题
三、it代表从句
it代表从句，具体可以分为四种类型：
①It is clear that he told a lie.
②It is natural that she knows everything about it.
③It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam.
（1）it + be + 形容词 + 从句
类型
①It is a pity that you can't come.
②It is a good start that you made a plan.
（2）it + be + 名词 + 从句
类型
①It is said that he is friendly.
②It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days.
（3）it + 动词的被动语态 + 从句
类型
①It may be/seems that he views the issue from a different perspective.
②It may seem that you’re wasting your life away.
（4）it + be/其他系动词 + 从句
类型
1. (2020 江苏卷）_____ is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
It
链接真题
1. David won first place in the maths contest. What a surprise!
_________________________________________
It’s a surprise that David won first place in the maths contest.
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
学以致用
2. Her book is said to have been translated into more than 3 languages.
________________________________________________________________________________
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
It is said that her book has been translated into more than 3 languages.
学以致用
3. Obviously, the old scientist doesn’t care much about money or fame.
__________________________________________________________________
It is obvious that the old scientist doesn’t care much about money or fame.
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
学以致用
4. The baby seems to be getting more curious about everything around him.
____________________________________________
It seems that the baby is getting more curious about everything around him.
用“it作形式主语”结构，改写下列句子。
学以致用
Focus on
句型
3. 常见句型
It as an empty subject
It 作形式主语
3. 常见句型
it作为形式主语的常见句型：
（1）It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain / … that…
（2）It is important / necessary/ right / strange / natural / …that… (should) do…
It is obvious that he’s late.
It is necessary that you do enough exercises before the race.
（3）It is said / reported / learnt / …that…
It is reported that a fourteen-year-old girl won the game.
（4） It is suggested / ordered / required /…that... (should) do...
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
（5）It is a pity / shame / …that…
It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film.
（6）It happens / seems / looks /appears /…that…
It happens that I know him.
（7）It doesn’t matter whether / if …
It doesn’t matter if you miss the bus, because there’s another one 15 minutes later.
（8）It looks /seems as if …
It looks as if he is wrong.
（9）It + be + adj. + of sb + to do…
It + be + adj. + for sb + to do
① It is kind of you to think so much of us.
② It's nice of you to help me.
③ It's dangerous for us to swim
in such deep pool.
④ It's necessary for us to study hard.
形容词为描述人品质及性格特征的词。常用的形容词有clever/
foolish/good/
nice/polite/kind等。
形容词为描述事物特征的词，常用的形容词有difficult / important / easy / hard/ necessary/ impossible/ dangerous等。
It's foolish _____ you to drive a car after drinking.
It's necessary ______us to master a foreign language.
of
for
（11） It + be + a waste of time doing…
It is a waste of time arguing with her.
（12） It is/was no good/use doing…
It is no good wasting time here.
（13） It is/was worth/worthwhile doing…
It is worth trying to use new technology
in education.
（10）It takes …(some time) to do…
It took us three hours to get there.
Rewrite the underlined parts using it as an empty subject.
P41 2
it is no longer quite so difficult for women and minorities to get roles in American film and television.
it is now a more realistic hope for minority actors to become a leading actor in Hollywood.
it is more common than before for women to write and direct Hollywood films.
it is seen as acceptable by film studios to cast white actors as Asian characters.
Check your answers:
Describe the city using the information provided and it as an empty subject.
Beijing today is multicultural. It is not a surprising thing for students to see ...
Beijing today is multicultural. It is not a surprising thing for students to see different skin colours in the same class. It is possible for people to hear many different languages and dialects. It is easy for people to find products from all over the world. It is not difficult for foreigners to settle down and find a job. It is a common thing for people from different countries to work in the same company.
P41 3
Possible answers:
用法
类型
it作为形式主语，代替句子的逻辑主语，并无实际词义。这可以保持句子的结构平衡，避免主语太长，显得头重脚轻。
it作形式主语
It指代不定式
It指代动名词
It指代从句
常见句型
（1）It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain
/ … that…
（2）It is important / necessary/ right / strange /
natural / …that… (should) do…
（3）It is said / reported / learnt / …that…
（4）It is suggested / ordered / required /…that...
(should) do...
（5）It is a pity / shame / …that…
（6）It happens / seems / looks /appears
/…that…
（7）It doesn’t matter whether / if …
（8）It looks /seems as if …
（9）It takes …(some time) to do
（10) It is + 形容词 +（of sb）+ to do…
（11）It + be + a waste of time doing…
（12）It is/was no good/use doing…
(13）It is/was worth/worthwhile doing…
常见句型
Ⅰ. 用适当的内容或括号中所给单词的适当形
式填空。
1. It is difficult for them ___________ (complete) the
project on time.
2. Ms. Chen adds that _____ is important for teens to stop to have a rest regularly from their computers or smart phones and do some physical activities.
3. It is his duty _________ (protect) the parts of
the Great Wall from being damaged.
4. It will be against my rule _________(say) something for you before our boss.
5. It is no good _______ (make) friends with those who are crazy about playing video games.
to complete
it
to protect
to say
making
6. It is natural ______ we will work harder if we know what we are working towards and why.
7. ___ is reported that this plant can prevent cancer.
8. ____ is a great honour for me to work with those famous specialists from all over the world.
9. ____ happened that I was in his office when you called him.
10. It’s expected ______ NASA’s goal will be
realized by the year 2035.
that
It
It
It
that
It is known to us _______ the mobile phone plays a very important part in our life and work. Is it possible for us ________ (live) without it Perhaps the answer is NO. ____ is a habit for most people to turn on their smart phones and surf the Internet as soon as they wake up. And it seems that there is something important waiting for them to deal with. What’s more, some people spend all day playing games on the phone. We know it is difficult for them _______ (beat) their addiction. So ____ is our duty to call on the public to reduce the time they spend on the phone.
Ⅱ.用适当的内容或括号中所给单词的适当形
式，完成短文。
that
to live
It
to beat
it
Self-evaluation
Can you understand the usage of it as
an empty subject
2. Can you describe a big city using it as
empty subject where appropriate
Finish the exercises in Learning English.
H