2015届高三英语复习--状语从句
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| 名称 | 2015届高三英语复习--状语从句 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2014-08-12 22:11:53 | ||
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课件78张PPT。状语从句2010年考试说明中提出的考试目标：状语从句b级：
对知识的领
会、理解和
转换。c级：
对知识的
运用、分析
和重组。1.I’ll ring you up I get to America．
2.______it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will
be put off.
3.They walked out of the room the meeting
was over.
4.I think Chinese is ____ interesting ____English.
5.This mountain is ______ steep______ we can hardly
reach the top．
6. ____ ______ she is eighty, she looks strong and healthy.
7.He sat in the dark ____ _____ he couldn’t be seen.
as soon asIfbecauseas as
so that
Even thoughso that填空: If so that even though because so…that as…as as soon as1.I’ll ring you up I get to America．
2.______it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will
be put off.
3.They walked out of the room the meeting
was over.
4.I think Chinese is ____ interesting ____English.
5.This mountain is ______ steep______ we can hardly
reach the top．
6. ____ ______ she is eighty, she looks strong and healthy.
7.He sat in the dark ____ _____ he couldn’t be seen.
What kind of adverbial clause （状语从句）？as soon asIfbecauseas as
so that
Even though
so that
时间条件原因比较结果让步目的The Adverbial Clause 状语从句
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
原因状语从句
比较状语从句
结果状语从句
让步状语从句
目的状语从句状语从句在句子中做状语，
修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。 1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses: 2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句） 3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句） 4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句） 5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句） 6.Adverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句） 7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较） 8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步） 9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句 )一、时间状语从句
when, while, before, after；since,
till / until, not…until；as soon as
the moment the minute directly
immediately instantly引导时间状语从句的连词： 1. I was waiting for the bus while I met him.
2. While he was doing his homework, I
listened to the radio.
3. I’ll tell you as soon as I’ll know.
4. We often finish our homework after we go
to bed.
5. We have been friends after we met at school.
6. Jim didn’t go to bed since his mother came
back.
改错：whenwas listening/ before sinceuntil① 二者均可表示“当……的时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间，二者可通用。
I met Jim when／while I was walking along the street．
When/While I was reading, he broke in. when，while的区别：② when可与终止性动词连用， while只能
与延续性动词连用。
It was snowing when we got to the airport．
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
（不能用 while）
③ while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所
指的整个时间内；
when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后
发生。
Please write while I am reading．
My mother was cooking when the telephone rang.
When he reached home, he had a little rest． ※while 的其他含义：
While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while =_______)
He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_______)
While I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. (while=___________)
While there is life there is hope. (while=_______________)
whenalthoughas long as but在肯定句中，表示“直到……为止”，主句要用延续性动词,表示动作的结束；在否定句中，表示“直到……才”，主句常用终止性动词，表示动作的开始；这时till和until可用before替换。
until=tillI waited till／until he arrived．
We won't start until／till／before Bob comes.
It was not until he came back that we knew
the truth of the incident.
Until you told me about it, I knew nothing about it.
Not until he told me about it did I know nothing .1. The meeting didn’t start______ everyone was there．
A. because B. until C. why D. if
2. The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.
A. went not; until B. didn’t go; after
C. went; until D. didn’t go; until
3. I won’t believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.
A. before B. until C. after D. when 从句中常用过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
What have you done since you joined the Greener China?
Where have you been since I saw you last year？
How long has it been since he was at school?
How long has it been since he came here?since
※ before
It will be half a year before I come back.
It won’t be half a year before we meet again.
We sailed four days and nights before we saw
the land.
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. ③ 肯定句 “ 才” 否定句 “就”① it will be +一段时间 before......多久之后才...② it won’t be +一段时间 before......不久就....※ as : 当…时；一边…一边；随着……＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生
＊两个动作同时发生They sang happily as they walked on.
As the days went on, the weather got
worse.As the captain passed me, I asked
him whether there was any hope of
saving the ship.★ as的常见用法：
1.She sang as she worked.
①一边……一边……
2. Smart as he is ,he doesn’t study hard.
②虽然（倒装）
3. You must try to do as I did.
③像…..一样
4. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.
④由于 如果主句是一般将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈
使句时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。
I’ll phone you as soon as I arrive in Beijing．
You will understand me the moment you graduate.
He began to regret for it immediately he found the
truth of the incident.
You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
?The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.
as soon as the moment instantly immediately可以引导时间状语从句
※易混淆句型
it is + 时间+ since
before
when
that
It is five years ________he finished his research.
It was five years ________he finished his research.
It was five years later ________he finished his
research.
It was 5 o’clock _____ he got home.
It was at 5 o’clock _____ he got home.
sincewhenthatbeforethat练一练1.?______ he comes here tomorrow, I will call you.
2.?________he was walking in the street, he met Tim.
3.?She sang ____she worked.
4.?There was an applause
_______________________she appeared on the stage.When/As soon asWhile/Whenaswhen/the moment (as soon as)
the minute/the second/
immediately/directly/instantly5.It won’t be long ______he finishes his writing.
6.______ he had finished his work, he left there.
7.It is two years ______he came here.
8.?____________________I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
9.??_______she told me, I had no idea of what they had said .beforeAftersinceEvery time/each timeUntil二、条件状语从句
If I will have enough money next year, I will go to Japan.
2) 假如你努力，你就会成功。
/If you work hard, you will succeed.
条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless,
as (so) long as. once, as far as，on condition that
in case supposing /suppose that providing that
providing that 等。
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。
You’ll catch a cold unless you put on your coat.
你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。
He will do anything as long as it is interesting.
只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。
We can’t write to Mary unless she tells us her
address.
We can’t write to Mary if she doesn’t tell us her address.
我们不能给玛丽写信除非她告诉我们地址。___ you touch an English person,
you should say “sorry”.
______ they are dirty, certain seas
are not able to clean themselves.
_______we don’t lose heart, we’ll
find a way to overcome the difficulty.
4. __________I know, you shouldn’t
have any problem there.IfOnceAs long asAs far as练一练5. You can have my bicycle for a few
days ______________ you return it by Sunday.
6. ________ anything important
happens, please call me up.
7. __________________ you had one million dollars, what would you do?
8. Don’t touch anything _______ your
teacher tells you to.on condition that /ifIn case/IfSuppose/Supposing/Ifunless三. 原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由because, as, since, now that, considering (that), seeing (that) given(that)等词引导
①because语气较强，用以回答why问句
②as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显
③since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。
⑤ for 放句中，引导后半句表原因。
⑥now that 既然 ，表示原因放在句首。
⑦considering that 考虑到／鉴于（ 句首）
⑧ seeing that 鉴于／由于／既然／因为（句首）The ship was put off because there was a storm.The ship was put off because of the storm. Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school. He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.
Since /As she was not well, I decided to go without her.
I had to talk to him, for I had no second choice.
1.? _________he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
2._______ you do not understand, I will explain again.
3.? As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.
4.? __________class is over, let’s go to play football.
5.? He must be ill, _____he is absent today.BecauseSince/AsNow thatfor练一练6. I eat potatoes _________I like them.
我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。
7. ____I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman.
我由于不知道路，因而问警察。
8. _______you won’t help me, I’ll ask someone else.
你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince四、比较状语从句than
as…as
not as(so)…as
the …the…
the same as
such…as
引导比较状语从句的连词：
1）甲与乙某一方面相同，
“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”
甲在某一方面不如乙时，
“not as ／so ＋形容词/副词的原级 ＋as”
Dalian is as beautiful as Shenzhen．
I don't run as／so fast as Kang Li．2）表示甲超过或不及乙时，用比较级
He runs faster than you．
Basketball is more popular than football in our class.
Football is less popular than basketball in our class.3）the +比较级… the +比较级
“越….越….”
The more trees, the better.
The more you worry, the less you’ll succeed.His book is the same as mine.
他的书和我的一样。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .
享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。 倍数表达法他们的房子是我们的两倍.Their room is twice bigger than ours.Their room is twice as big as ours.Their room is twice the size of ours.Length /height/weight/ width1. He doesn’t work so hard ___you do.
2.The more you worry, _______you’ll succeed.
3.She did worse in the test ________she expected.asthe lessthan练一练than / as—从句中常有成分省略The project was completed earlier than
(it was) expected.
He worked as fast as a skilled worker
(worked).
Repeat this as often as (it) is necessary.
Then see a doctor as soon as (it is)
possible.连词：so…that（如此……以致于）
such…that（如此……以致于）。
常用句型：
so＋形容词／副词＋that从句
so + many/few + 复数名词 + that从句
much/little+不可数名词
such a／an ＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋ that从句
such＋形容词＋复数可数名词／不可数名词＋
that从句
五、结果状语从句这个故事如此有趣，我永远忘不了它。The story is so interesting that I’ll never forget it.It is such an interesting story that I’ll never forget it.这座山如此的高，我爬不到山顶。The mountain is so high that I can’t climb to the top.It’s such a high mountain that I can’t climb to the top.我的钱是如此的少所以我不能借给你。他的问题如此之多，我不能都回答出来。I had so little money that I couldn’t lend it to you.He has so many strange questions that I can’t answer all of them.The weather is so bad that we have to stay at home.It is such bad weather that we have to stay at home.
六、让步状语从句
though／although（虽然）
even though/if（尽管）
as（尽管,虽然）
no matter who（无论谁）whoever
no matter how（无论怎样）however
no matter what（无论什么）whatever引导让步状语从句的连词：
虽然他年纪大了，他工作还是非常努力。
Although/Thoughhe is old, he works hard.
即使你这样说，我还是不相信。
Even though /even if you say so, I don’t believe it.
虽然工作很困难，我们还是要按时完成。
Though the work is difficult, we’ll finish it on time.1.Young as he is , he knows a lot.
2.Whenever (No matter when) you come to our country, you will be warmly welcomed.
3.Wherever (No matter where) he goes, he always brings the watch with him.
虽然他小,但他懂得很多.无论你何时来我们国家,你都会受到热烈欢迎.无论他去哪儿,他总是随身携带那块手表.1.whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever, wherever等与no matter what/who/which...等亦可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……；无论……。
However far it is，I intend to drive there today.
The quality will be the same，whichever of them you choose.
2.whether...or...可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……；不论是否……”。
You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you are free or busy.
不管你忙不忙，你都要参加这个典礼。
3.though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。
though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用,though引导状语从句可以用倒装例：
Though he worked hard, (yet) he couldn’t pass the exam.
Strange though/as it may seem, he remained single all his life.
It was hard work, I enjoyed it, though. 4.as引导让步状语从句必须用倒装.Late as it was, they kept on working.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I admire his father, I don’t like John.
Try as you may, you might fail as well.
Borrow the book as you may, you must return it on time.
1. _____________________he is old ,he works hard.
2. ___________________you say so,I don’t believe it.
3. Smart ________ he is ,he doesn’t study hard.
4. The old tower must be saved, __________ the cost.
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. whereverAlthough / Though Even though (even if) as/though练一练七、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有：as，as if，as though等。
Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired.
Just as the Americans, the British like soccer.
He acted as if he knew nothing about it. (虚拟语气)
They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.(虚拟语气)
1.You must try to do _____I did.
2.The old lady treats the boy _________he were her son.
as if/thoughas练一练八、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有where，wherever等。
1). The church was built where there had once
been a Roman temple.
2).The thread breaks where it is weakest.
3).You can take a walk wherever you like to.
4).---Mom, what did your doctor say?
--- He advised me to live where the air is
fresher.
九、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case等,从句常常要用到情态动词：may, might, can, could, would, should .
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
They set out early ________________ they might arrive there in time.
Take your raincoat ________it should rain.
The boy hid himself behind the tree
__________________his father should see him.so that (in order that)in casein case/for fear that练一练4. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea.
A. as soon as B. as a result
C. in case D. so that
5. You'd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ______ you have to wait.
A. even if B. as if
C. in case D. in order that使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1、在时间和条件 从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
2 两个连词不能同时使用although…but because…so
Although she was tired, but she went to work.
Because I liked him, so I hung out with him//3.if构成条件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。 I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.（宾从）
我不知道他明天是否来。
If he comes, I’ll tell you.（I’ll tell you if he comes.）
如果他来，我会告诉你。 状语从句中的省略现象
(1) 连接词+过去分词
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
除非洗衣机被修好了，否则它就没用了。
(2) 连词+现在分词
Look out while crossing the street.
过马路时，要小心。
(3)连词+形容词/其他
常见的有if necessary, if possible, when necessary,
if any等。
(4) 比较状语从句中的省略
He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been) expected.
他比预想的早到家半个小时。1. —What did your son say in the letter?
—He told me that he ____ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
2. If he _____harder next time, he will catch up with us.
A. work B. worked C. works D. will work
3. I think WeiHua will be very happy when she _____your presents.
A. looks B. will look C. receives D. will receive CC D4. We’ll set out as soon as our monitor _____.
A. come B. comes
C. will come D. has come
5. I’ll go with you if it _______fine tomorrow.
A. has been B. is C. will be D. be
6. I’ll meet him at the station when he _______.
A. will return B. return C. returns D. returned
7. I won’t go to see the film tonight, because I _______ my ticket.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lost D. didn’t have B B C B8. —Are you going to visit the farm tomorrow?
—Yes. But if it _____, we’ll stay at school.
A. rain B. rained C. rains D. will rain
9. Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.
A. were told to B. are told to
C. were told D. are told
10. They won’t be back until the work _____.
A . do B. does C. is done D. will do BC C 11. Though he is ill, _____he is still working hard.
A. but B. yet C. too D. either
12. He was late ____the heavy rain.
A. because B. because of C. though D. if
13. He is ______ excited that he can’t speak any
thing.
A. too B. to C. so D. enough
14. The boy is ______ lovely that we all like him.
A. so B. such C. too D. very B C A B15. This is _____ an interesting book that I want to read it again.
A. so B. such C. quite D. very
16. He got up early _______ he could catch up with the others.
A. in order to B. to C. so that D. that
17. Our school is ______yours.
A. as three times large as
B. as large three times as
C. three times as large as
D. as large three times as
18. I wonder if he _______. If he _______, I’ll ask him to drive me there.
A. comes, comes B. come, come
C. will come, comes D. come, will come
CC
CB1.(2010上海秋季,39) our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.
Until B. Unless C. If D. After
B2.(2010上海春34) you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However a serious problem
B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem
D. What serious a problemC3.(2010重庆32)Today, we will begin ____we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A. when B. where C. how D. what
4.(2010四川20)Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break ____ she got to her office．
A．since B．that C．when D．Until
5.(2010上海春季32) some people come here for a short break , others have decided to stay forever.
A. Because B．If C．Once D．While
BCD6.(2010陕西,20)John thinks it won’t be long _____ he is ready for his new job.
when B. after C. before D. since
7.(2010山东28)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_______ accompanied by an adult.
A. once B. when C. if D. unless
8.(2010辽宁29)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ____ he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A. although B. unless C. because D. if
CDC9.(2010江西22)— Our holiday cost a lot of money.
— Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter
_____you enjoyed yourselves.
A as long as B unless C as soon as D though
10.(2010福建26)The girl had hardly rung the bell ________the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A. before B. until C. as D. sinceAAI don’t know if he will come. If he ____, please let me know.
A. will come B. come
C. comes D. is coming
2. He will go to the Great Wall if it ______ tomorrow．
A. won't rain B. doesn't rain
C. don't rain D. isn't raining
3. John fell asleep ___ he was listening to the music.
A. after B. before
C. while D. as soon as
ExerciseCBC4. He ______ wait until the rain ______ ．
A. won't；will stop B. won't；stop
C. will；stops D. will；will stop
5. He will write to me as soon as he ____ Shanghai tomorrow.
A. will reach B. reaches
C. got to D. will come
CB6. I went to the barber’s __ I wanted to have my
hair cut.
A. if B. or
C. so D. because
7. He studies hard _____ he can catch up with others.
A. so…that… B. so that
C. so D. because
8. Jack runs as ______ as Tom．
A. fast B. faster
C. fastest D. much faster
DBA9. 30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it’s
______ than we need．
A. far more B. very much
C. far less D. very little
10. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was ______ that nobody could answer it．
A. very difficult B. too difficult
C. difficult enough D. so difficult
CD11. Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is
______city.
A. so a beautiful B. very a beautiful
C. such beautiful a D. quite a beautiful
12. Have you ever seen _____big panda before?
A. a such B. such a
C. so a D. a so
DB13. He is ____boy that we all like him.
A. such lovely a B. so lovely
C. so a lovely D. such a lovely
14. Jim has ______few books to read that he has to
borrow some from the library.
A. so B. too
C. such D. much
DA15.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back. A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although 17. We will work ____ we are needed. A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever 18. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you. A. so that B. if C. when D. although 19._____ you go, don't forget your parents. A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever 20. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better. A. although B. even though C. so that D. since 21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark. A. and B. but C. as D. unless 22. The history of nursing __ the history of man. A. as old as B. is old than
C. that is as old as D. is as old as 23. It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself. A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work
C. so difficult work D. such difficult work
对知识的领
会、理解和
转换。c级：
对知识的
运用、分析
和重组。1.I’ll ring you up I get to America．
2.______it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will
be put off.
3.They walked out of the room the meeting
was over.
4.I think Chinese is ____ interesting ____English.
5.This mountain is ______ steep______ we can hardly
reach the top．
6. ____ ______ she is eighty, she looks strong and healthy.
7.He sat in the dark ____ _____ he couldn’t be seen.
as soon asIfbecauseas as
so that
Even thoughso that填空: If so that even though because so…that as…as as soon as1.I’ll ring you up I get to America．
2.______it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will
be put off.
3.They walked out of the room the meeting
was over.
4.I think Chinese is ____ interesting ____English.
5.This mountain is ______ steep______ we can hardly
reach the top．
6. ____ ______ she is eighty, she looks strong and healthy.
7.He sat in the dark ____ _____ he couldn’t be seen.
What kind of adverbial clause （状语从句）？as soon asIfbecauseas as
so that
Even though
so that
时间条件原因比较结果让步目的The Adverbial Clause 状语从句
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
原因状语从句
比较状语从句
结果状语从句
让步状语从句
目的状语从句状语从句在句子中做状语，
修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。 1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）Different Kinds of Adverbial Clauses: 2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句） 3.Adverbial Clauses of Conditions(条件状语从句） 4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句） 5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句） 6.Adverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句） 7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较） 8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步） 9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句 )一、时间状语从句
when, while, before, after；since,
till / until, not…until；as soon as
the moment the minute directly
immediately instantly引导时间状语从句的连词： 1. I was waiting for the bus while I met him.
2. While he was doing his homework, I
listened to the radio.
3. I’ll tell you as soon as I’ll know.
4. We often finish our homework after we go
to bed.
5. We have been friends after we met at school.
6. Jim didn’t go to bed since his mother came
back.
改错：whenwas listening/ before sinceuntil① 二者均可表示“当……的时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间，二者可通用。
I met Jim when／while I was walking along the street．
When/While I was reading, he broke in. when，while的区别：② when可与终止性动词连用， while只能
与延续性动词连用。
It was snowing when we got to the airport．
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
（不能用 while）
③ while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所
指的整个时间内；
when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后
发生。
Please write while I am reading．
My mother was cooking when the telephone rang.
When he reached home, he had a little rest． ※while 的其他含义：
While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while =_______)
He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_______)
While I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. (while=___________)
While there is life there is hope. (while=_______________)
whenalthoughas long as but在肯定句中，表示“直到……为止”，主句要用延续性动词,表示动作的结束；在否定句中，表示“直到……才”，主句常用终止性动词，表示动作的开始；这时till和until可用before替换。
until=tillI waited till／until he arrived．
We won't start until／till／before Bob comes.
It was not until he came back that we knew
the truth of the incident.
Until you told me about it, I knew nothing about it.
Not until he told me about it did I know nothing .1. The meeting didn’t start______ everyone was there．
A. because B. until C. why D. if
2. The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.
A. went not; until B. didn’t go; after
C. went; until D. didn’t go; until
3. I won’t believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.
A. before B. until C. after D. when 从句中常用过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
What have you done since you joined the Greener China?
Where have you been since I saw you last year？
How long has it been since he was at school?
How long has it been since he came here?since
※ before
It will be half a year before I come back.
It won’t be half a year before we meet again.
We sailed four days and nights before we saw
the land.
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. ③ 肯定句 “ 才” 否定句 “就”① it will be +一段时间 before......多久之后才...② it won’t be +一段时间 before......不久就....※ as : 当…时；一边…一边；随着……＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生
＊两个动作同时发生They sang happily as they walked on.
As the days went on, the weather got
worse.As the captain passed me, I asked
him whether there was any hope of
saving the ship.★ as的常见用法：
1.She sang as she worked.
①一边……一边……
2. Smart as he is ,he doesn’t study hard.
②虽然（倒装）
3. You must try to do as I did.
③像…..一样
4. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.
④由于 如果主句是一般将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈
使句时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。
I’ll phone you as soon as I arrive in Beijing．
You will understand me the moment you graduate.
He began to regret for it immediately he found the
truth of the incident.
You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
?The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.
as soon as the moment instantly immediately可以引导时间状语从句
※易混淆句型
it is + 时间+ since
before
when
that
It is five years ________he finished his research.
It was five years ________he finished his research.
It was five years later ________he finished his
research.
It was 5 o’clock _____ he got home.
It was at 5 o’clock _____ he got home.
sincewhenthatbeforethat练一练1.?______ he comes here tomorrow, I will call you.
2.?________he was walking in the street, he met Tim.
3.?She sang ____she worked.
4.?There was an applause
_______________________she appeared on the stage.When/As soon asWhile/Whenaswhen/the moment (as soon as)
the minute/the second/
immediately/directly/instantly5.It won’t be long ______he finishes his writing.
6.______ he had finished his work, he left there.
7.It is two years ______he came here.
8.?____________________I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
9.??_______she told me, I had no idea of what they had said .beforeAftersinceEvery time/each timeUntil二、条件状语从句
If I will have enough money next year, I will go to Japan.
2) 假如你努力，你就会成功。
/If you work hard, you will succeed.
条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless,
as (so) long as. once, as far as，on condition that
in case supposing /suppose that providing that
providing that 等。
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。
You’ll catch a cold unless you put on your coat.
你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。
He will do anything as long as it is interesting.
只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。
We can’t write to Mary unless she tells us her
address.
We can’t write to Mary if she doesn’t tell us her address.
我们不能给玛丽写信除非她告诉我们地址。___ you touch an English person,
you should say “sorry”.
______ they are dirty, certain seas
are not able to clean themselves.
_______we don’t lose heart, we’ll
find a way to overcome the difficulty.
4. __________I know, you shouldn’t
have any problem there.IfOnceAs long asAs far as练一练5. You can have my bicycle for a few
days ______________ you return it by Sunday.
6. ________ anything important
happens, please call me up.
7. __________________ you had one million dollars, what would you do?
8. Don’t touch anything _______ your
teacher tells you to.on condition that /ifIn case/IfSuppose/Supposing/Ifunless三. 原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由because, as, since, now that, considering (that), seeing (that) given(that)等词引导
①because语气较强，用以回答why问句
②as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显
③since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。
⑤ for 放句中，引导后半句表原因。
⑥now that 既然 ，表示原因放在句首。
⑦considering that 考虑到／鉴于（ 句首）
⑧ seeing that 鉴于／由于／既然／因为（句首）The ship was put off because there was a storm.The ship was put off because of the storm. Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school. He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.
Since /As she was not well, I decided to go without her.
I had to talk to him, for I had no second choice.
1.? _________he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
2._______ you do not understand, I will explain again.
3.? As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.
4.? __________class is over, let’s go to play football.
5.? He must be ill, _____he is absent today.BecauseSince/AsNow thatfor练一练6. I eat potatoes _________I like them.
我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。
7. ____I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman.
我由于不知道路，因而问警察。
8. _______you won’t help me, I’ll ask someone else.
你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince四、比较状语从句than
as…as
not as(so)…as
the …the…
the same as
such…as
引导比较状语从句的连词：
1）甲与乙某一方面相同，
“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”
甲在某一方面不如乙时，
“not as ／so ＋形容词/副词的原级 ＋as”
Dalian is as beautiful as Shenzhen．
I don't run as／so fast as Kang Li．2）表示甲超过或不及乙时，用比较级
He runs faster than you．
Basketball is more popular than football in our class.
Football is less popular than basketball in our class.3）the +比较级… the +比较级
“越….越….”
The more trees, the better.
The more you worry, the less you’ll succeed.His book is the same as mine.
他的书和我的一样。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .
享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。 倍数表达法他们的房子是我们的两倍.Their room is twice bigger than ours.Their room is twice as big as ours.Their room is twice the size of ours.Length /height/weight/ width1. He doesn’t work so hard ___you do.
2.The more you worry, _______you’ll succeed.
3.She did worse in the test ________she expected.asthe lessthan练一练than / as—从句中常有成分省略The project was completed earlier than
(it was) expected.
He worked as fast as a skilled worker
(worked).
Repeat this as often as (it) is necessary.
Then see a doctor as soon as (it is)
possible.连词：so…that（如此……以致于）
such…that（如此……以致于）。
常用句型：
so＋形容词／副词＋that从句
so + many/few + 复数名词 + that从句
much/little+不可数名词
such a／an ＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋ that从句
such＋形容词＋复数可数名词／不可数名词＋
that从句
五、结果状语从句这个故事如此有趣，我永远忘不了它。The story is so interesting that I’ll never forget it.It is such an interesting story that I’ll never forget it.这座山如此的高，我爬不到山顶。The mountain is so high that I can’t climb to the top.It’s such a high mountain that I can’t climb to the top.我的钱是如此的少所以我不能借给你。他的问题如此之多，我不能都回答出来。I had so little money that I couldn’t lend it to you.He has so many strange questions that I can’t answer all of them.The weather is so bad that we have to stay at home.It is such bad weather that we have to stay at home.
六、让步状语从句
though／although（虽然）
even though/if（尽管）
as（尽管,虽然）
no matter who（无论谁）whoever
no matter how（无论怎样）however
no matter what（无论什么）whatever引导让步状语从句的连词：
虽然他年纪大了，他工作还是非常努力。
Although/Thoughhe is old, he works hard.
即使你这样说，我还是不相信。
Even though /even if you say so, I don’t believe it.
虽然工作很困难，我们还是要按时完成。
Though the work is difficult, we’ll finish it on time.1.Young as he is , he knows a lot.
2.Whenever (No matter when) you come to our country, you will be warmly welcomed.
3.Wherever (No matter where) he goes, he always brings the watch with him.
虽然他小,但他懂得很多.无论你何时来我们国家,你都会受到热烈欢迎.无论他去哪儿,他总是随身携带那块手表.1.whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever, wherever等与no matter what/who/which...等亦可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……；无论……。
However far it is，I intend to drive there today.
The quality will be the same，whichever of them you choose.
2.whether...or...可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……；不论是否……”。
You’ll have to attend the ceremony whether you are free or busy.
不管你忙不忙，你都要参加这个典礼。
3.though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。
though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用,though引导状语从句可以用倒装例：
Though he worked hard, (yet) he couldn’t pass the exam.
Strange though/as it may seem, he remained single all his life.
It was hard work, I enjoyed it, though. 4.as引导让步状语从句必须用倒装.Late as it was, they kept on working.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I admire his father, I don’t like John.
Try as you may, you might fail as well.
Borrow the book as you may, you must return it on time.
1. _____________________he is old ,he works hard.
2. ___________________you say so,I don’t believe it.
3. Smart ________ he is ,he doesn’t study hard.
4. The old tower must be saved, __________ the cost.
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. whereverAlthough / Though Even though (even if) as/though练一练七、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有：as，as if，as though等。
Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired.
Just as the Americans, the British like soccer.
He acted as if he knew nothing about it. (虚拟语气)
They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.(虚拟语气)
1.You must try to do _____I did.
2.The old lady treats the boy _________he were her son.
as if/thoughas练一练八、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有where，wherever等。
1). The church was built where there had once
been a Roman temple.
2).The thread breaks where it is weakest.
3).You can take a walk wherever you like to.
4).---Mom, what did your doctor say?
--- He advised me to live where the air is
fresher.
九、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case等,从句常常要用到情态动词：may, might, can, could, would, should .
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
They set out early ________________ they might arrive there in time.
Take your raincoat ________it should rain.
The boy hid himself behind the tree
__________________his father should see him.so that (in order that)in casein case/for fear that练一练4. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea.
A. as soon as B. as a result
C. in case D. so that
5. You'd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ______ you have to wait.
A. even if B. as if
C. in case D. in order that使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1、在时间和条件 从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
2 两个连词不能同时使用although…but because…so
Although she was tired, but she went to work.
Because I liked him, so I hung out with him//3.if构成条件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。 I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.（宾从）
我不知道他明天是否来。
If he comes, I’ll tell you.（I’ll tell you if he comes.）
如果他来，我会告诉你。 状语从句中的省略现象
(1) 连接词+过去分词
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
除非洗衣机被修好了，否则它就没用了。
(2) 连词+现在分词
Look out while crossing the street.
过马路时，要小心。
(3)连词+形容词/其他
常见的有if necessary, if possible, when necessary,
if any等。
(4) 比较状语从句中的省略
He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been) expected.
他比预想的早到家半个小时。1. —What did your son say in the letter?
—He told me that he ____ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
2. If he _____harder next time, he will catch up with us.
A. work B. worked C. works D. will work
3. I think WeiHua will be very happy when she _____your presents.
A. looks B. will look C. receives D. will receive CC D4. We’ll set out as soon as our monitor _____.
A. come B. comes
C. will come D. has come
5. I’ll go with you if it _______fine tomorrow.
A. has been B. is C. will be D. be
6. I’ll meet him at the station when he _______.
A. will return B. return C. returns D. returned
7. I won’t go to see the film tonight, because I _______ my ticket.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lost D. didn’t have B B C B8. —Are you going to visit the farm tomorrow?
—Yes. But if it _____, we’ll stay at school.
A. rain B. rained C. rains D. will rain
9. Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.
A. were told to B. are told to
C. were told D. are told
10. They won’t be back until the work _____.
A . do B. does C. is done D. will do BC C 11. Though he is ill, _____he is still working hard.
A. but B. yet C. too D. either
12. He was late ____the heavy rain.
A. because B. because of C. though D. if
13. He is ______ excited that he can’t speak any
thing.
A. too B. to C. so D. enough
14. The boy is ______ lovely that we all like him.
A. so B. such C. too D. very B C A B15. This is _____ an interesting book that I want to read it again.
A. so B. such C. quite D. very
16. He got up early _______ he could catch up with the others.
A. in order to B. to C. so that D. that
17. Our school is ______yours.
A. as three times large as
B. as large three times as
C. three times as large as
D. as large three times as
18. I wonder if he _______. If he _______, I’ll ask him to drive me there.
A. comes, comes B. come, come
C. will come, comes D. come, will come
CC
CB1.(2010上海秋季,39) our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.
Until B. Unless C. If D. After
B2.(2010上海春34) you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However a serious problem
B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem
D. What serious a problemC3.(2010重庆32)Today, we will begin ____we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A. when B. where C. how D. what
4.(2010四川20)Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break ____ she got to her office．
A．since B．that C．when D．Until
5.(2010上海春季32) some people come here for a short break , others have decided to stay forever.
A. Because B．If C．Once D．While
BCD6.(2010陕西,20)John thinks it won’t be long _____ he is ready for his new job.
when B. after C. before D. since
7.(2010山东28)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_______ accompanied by an adult.
A. once B. when C. if D. unless
8.(2010辽宁29)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ____ he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A. although B. unless C. because D. if
CDC9.(2010江西22)— Our holiday cost a lot of money.
— Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter
_____you enjoyed yourselves.
A as long as B unless C as soon as D though
10.(2010福建26)The girl had hardly rung the bell ________the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A. before B. until C. as D. sinceAAI don’t know if he will come. If he ____, please let me know.
A. will come B. come
C. comes D. is coming
2. He will go to the Great Wall if it ______ tomorrow．
A. won't rain B. doesn't rain
C. don't rain D. isn't raining
3. John fell asleep ___ he was listening to the music.
A. after B. before
C. while D. as soon as
ExerciseCBC4. He ______ wait until the rain ______ ．
A. won't；will stop B. won't；stop
C. will；stops D. will；will stop
5. He will write to me as soon as he ____ Shanghai tomorrow.
A. will reach B. reaches
C. got to D. will come
CB6. I went to the barber’s __ I wanted to have my
hair cut.
A. if B. or
C. so D. because
7. He studies hard _____ he can catch up with others.
A. so…that… B. so that
C. so D. because
8. Jack runs as ______ as Tom．
A. fast B. faster
C. fastest D. much faster
DBA9. 30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it’s
______ than we need．
A. far more B. very much
C. far less D. very little
10. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was ______ that nobody could answer it．
A. very difficult B. too difficult
C. difficult enough D. so difficult
CD11. Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is
______city.
A. so a beautiful B. very a beautiful
C. such beautiful a D. quite a beautiful
12. Have you ever seen _____big panda before?
A. a such B. such a
C. so a D. a so
DB13. He is ____boy that we all like him.
A. such lovely a B. so lovely
C. so a lovely D. such a lovely
14. Jim has ______few books to read that he has to
borrow some from the library.
A. so B. too
C. such D. much
DA15.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back. A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although 17. We will work ____ we are needed. A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever 18. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you. A. so that B. if C. when D. although 19._____ you go, don't forget your parents. A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever 20. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better. A. although B. even though C. so that D. since 21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark. A. and B. but C. as D. unless 22. The history of nursing __ the history of man. A. as old as B. is old than
C. that is as old as D. is as old as 23. It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself. A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work
C. so difficult work D. such difficult work