2015届高三英语复习课件-----独立主格结构

课件11张PPT。独立主格结构概述
非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”
独立结构”在句中起状语作用，相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况，with的独立结构还可以做定语。 独立主格结构的模式是：
主格名词/代词 +非谓语动词∕形容词∕副词∕介词短语(作逻辑主语） （作逻辑谓语） 1. There being no bus, we had to walk home.2. The question settled, we went home. 3. The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible. 主格名词/代词 +分词 (过去分词/现在分词）主格名词/代词 + 形容词1. His mother ill, he had to stay home to look after her.2. Computers small, We can use them widely. 主格名词/代词 + 副词The meeting over, our headmaster soon left
the meeting-room.He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food.主格名词/代词 + 不定式主格名词/代词 +介词短语Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand.with复合结构 与 独立主格结构 它们都可以在句中作原因状语、伴随状况状语、条件状语、时间状语或结果状语用，一般也可以相互转换。虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同，但其结构形式和名称却不相同。with复合结构的模式是：
with+名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
独立主格结构的模式是：
主格名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语一、作时间状语 1、With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and
some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some
birds fly south.2、With the traffic light green, the bus got moving.=The traffic light green, the bus got moving.二、作原因状语 1、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the
room to warm ourselves. = The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.2、With the key having been lost, she could not
enter the room. = The key having been lost, she could not enter the room. 三、作条件状语 1、With time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace. = Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace. 2、With the car going wrong, we’ll have to stop
at the foot of the mountain. = The car going wrong, we’ll have to stop at the foot
of the mountain. 四、作伴随状语 1、The mother was cleaning the house with her baby
playing on the bed. =The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing
on the bed. 2、Last night I followed him, with a sword in my hand. = Last night I followed him , sword in hand. 无论with复合结构还是独立主格结构，都不可有动词的谓语形式充当其中的逻辑谓语。如下例中的was就必须去掉：He sat at the desk reading
with a pen was in his right hand.with复合结构可以作后置定语修饰名词，而独立主格结构则不可作后置定语修饰名词. Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and
flowers in blossom. He is the person with a lot of questions to be
settled.