2023年中考英语二轮复习 第四课时　形容词和副词课件（共32张PPT）

(共32张PPT)
第四课时　形容词和副词
第二章
考点突破
考点1　形容词和副词的定义
　　形容词(adj.)用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性。副词(adv.)用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词等，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
eg：tall高的　busy忙的　narrow窄的
quickly快地　usually通常
①I had a 　quick　 (快) breakfast this
morning.
②He finished his work and walked to the station 　quickly　 (快).
quick　
quickly　
考点2　形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
　　变化规则(见本书课本再现第六课时重点语法)
（　A　）①(2020·昆明)Garbage－sorting(垃圾分类)encourages people to live 　　　　 life than before.It makes the earth a better place to live in.
A.a greener B.the greenest
C.a wilder D.the wildest
A
（　D　）②Peter is 　　　　 boy in our class and he often helps us carry heavy things.
A.strong B.stronger
C.strongest D.the strongest
D
考点3　形容词的用法
1.形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。
eg：a good girl 一个好女孩
a heavy rain 一场大雨
　　由连字符连接起来的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数。
eg：an eight－year－old boy一个8岁的男孩
2.形容词作表语，放在系动词(be，feel，look，smell，get，become等)后面。
eg：We could see that he was very handsome.
我们可以看出他非常英俊。
3.形容词作宾语补足语(构成复合宾语)。
eg：We found him asleep on the sofa.
我们发现他在沙发上睡着了。
4.有些形容词只能作表语。
eg：afraid害怕的　　　　alike相似的
alert警惕的 alive活着的
ashamed羞愧的 asleep睡着的
awake醒着的 well健康的
alone独自的
5.多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)→描绘词→表长短、大小、高低的形容词→表形状的形容词→表年龄、新旧的形容词→表颜色的形容词→表国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表物质、材料的形容词→表类别的形容词→名词中心词。
eg：a tall white building
一幢高大的白色建筑物
a dirty old black shirt
一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣
6.以ly结尾的形容词：lonely(独自的)，friendly(友好的)，lively(生动的)，lovely(可爱的)，daily(日常的)，silly(愚蠢的)，ugly(丑陋的)，likely(可能的)。
eg：The people in this country are friendly.这个国家的人都很友好。
7.常见的形容词短语：
be＋adj.＋about be careful about 当心，注意
be certain/sure about
对……有把握
be crazy about 着迷于……；狂热爱好……
be worried about 对……感到担心
be＋adj.＋at be angry at 对……生气
be good at 擅长……
be mad at 对……生气/气愤
be surprised at 对……感到惊讶
be disappointed at对……失望
be＋adj.＋in be interested in 对……感兴趣
be weak in 在……方面薄弱
be well in 擅长……
be rich in 富于，盛产
be active in积极于
be＋adj.＋for be bad for
对……有害；对……不利
be famous/known for 因……而著名
be good for 对……有好处
be late for 迟到
be responsible for 对……负责
be sorry for 对……感到抱歉/遗憾
be thirsty for 渴望；渴求
be thankful for因……而感激
be＋adj.＋of be afraid of 害怕……
be full of 充满；装满
be proud of 为……感到骄傲
be tired of 厌烦
be short of缺乏
be＋adj.＋to be friendly/good/nice to
对……友好
be harmful to 对……有害
be kind to 对……和蔼
be polite to 对……有礼貌
be similar to 与……相似
be close to 离……近
be/get used to习惯于……
be opposite to在……对面；对立的
be＋adj.＋with be angry with 生……的气
be busy with 忙于……
be filled with 充满……
be patient with 对……有耐心
be strict with 对……要求严格
be good with善于和……相处
be covered with被……所覆盖
be popular with受……的欢迎
be satisfied with对……满意
（　A　） ①The little dancer from Australia looks 　　　　 in the long skirt.
A.gently B.happily
C.beautifully D.lovely
（　A　）②It’s every policeman’s dream to keep people 　　　　 and the traffic in good order.
A.safe B.healthy
C.busy D.famous
A
D
考点4　副词的用法
1.作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语，放在be等连系动词之后，说明人或物所处的位置。
eg：I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.
很抱歉，他此刻不在家。
2.作定语：时间副词(如now，then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语，放在名词的后面。
eg：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.
现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴。
3.作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。
eg：Put your dirty socks away，Jim!They aregiving out bad smell!
Jim，把你的脏袜子拿开!它们好臭!
4.形容词变副词的规则。
(1)加－ly。
eg：careful→carefully细致地；小心地；谨慎地
certain→certainly 无疑；肯定；当然；行
usual→usually通常地；一般地
wide→widely广泛地；普遍地
(2)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i，再加－ly。
eg：easy→easily容易地
happy→happily开心地；高兴地
heavy→heavily在很大程度上；猛烈地
(un)lucky→(un)luckily (不)幸运地
(3)以le结尾的变le为ly。
eg：(im)possible→(im)possibly (不)可能地
probable→probably 很可能；大概
simple→simply简单地
(4)与形容词同形。
eg：fast快的/地　late迟的/地
early早的/地　much许多的/很；非常
deep深的/深深地
well健康的/好地 enough足够的/地
high高的/地 slow缓慢的/地
hard坚固的；坚硬的/努力地；艰难地，猛烈地
（　A　）①We want to set off 　　　　 so that we can avoid the heavy traffic.
A.early B.recently
C.happily D.quietly
A
（　D　）②Western people 　　　　 use Mr.or Mrs.before their given names.
A.always B.often
C.sometimes D.never
D
考点5　比较等级的用法
　　见本书课本再现第六课时重点语法。
（　B　）①(2020·咸宁)—Does the dish taste as 　　　　 as it looks？
—Yes.I can’t wait to eat it.
A.well B.good
C.better D.best
B
②Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.(改为同义句)
Li Lei is 　the　 　tallest　 student in his class.
（　D　）③ 　　　　 we work at English，the better grades we will get.
A.Harder B.The hardest
C.Hardest D.The harder
④我们的城市变得越来越美丽了。
Our city is becoming 　more　 　and　 　more　 beautiful.
the　
tallest　
D
more　
and　
more　
备考演练
一、单项选择
（　B　）1.(2022·天水麦积区模拟) 　　　　 you work， 　　　　 result you’ll get.
A.The more careful；the better
B.The harder；the better
C.The greater；the best
D.The hardest；the best
B
（　C　）2.(2020·兰州)We should learn to decide what is right and what is 　　　　 when facing rumors(谣言).
A.easy B.difficult
C.wrong D.high
（　C　）3.(2022·武汉)—Everything he does is 　　　　 to what is considered normal.
—Although he looks a little different，he has achieved a lot in the math field.
A.similar B.relative
C.opposite D.close
C
C
（　C　）4.(2022·甘肃)I’ve completely forgotten her name.We haven’t seen each other for over 10 years.
A.partly B.kind of
C.totally D.hardly
（　D　）5.(2022·甘肃)It’s rude not to say “Thank you” when you are given something.
A.simple B.kind
C.open D.impolite
C
D
（　C　）6.(2022·铜仁)—Uncle Wang，could you tell me the secret of your good health？
—In my view， 　　　　 vegetables and 　　　　 meat.
A.less；less B.more；more
C.more；less D.less；more
（　A　）7.(2022·海南)—Mom，I can’t take care of Mary.She is crying all the time.
—Try to be 　　　　 ，Jack.Your little sister is ill.
A.patient B.serious
C.excited
C
A
（　A　）8.(2019·甘肃)Sam is 11 years old.Peter is 16 years old.Peter is 5 years 　　　　 than Sam.
A.older B.shorter
C.newer D.longer
（　B　）9.(2022·龙东)We will have a 　　　　 holiday after the entrance examination for senior high school.
A.two months B.two－month
C.two－months
A
B
（　B　）10.(2021·酒泉)It’s not 　　　　 to talk with your mouth full.
A.boring B.polite
C.terrible D.sleepy
B
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2019·兰州)This restaurant has the 　best　 (good) service of the three.
2.(2022·兰州一诊)Old clothes can be 　used　 (use) to make other things.
3.(2022·兰州一诊)Many visitors say that Lanzhou is much 　more beautiful　 (beautiful) than they thought.
4.(2021·兰州A卷)Li Hua made the choice 　wisely　 (wise) with his parents’ help just now.
5.(2022·武威模拟)Jack used to be a bright and 　lively　 (live) boy，but now he is always silent.
best　
used　
more
beautiful　
wisely　
lively　
6.(2022·天水麦积区模拟)He was very 　excited　 (excite) about the result of the match.
7.(2022·甘肃)Smile and greet others in a 　friendly　 (friend) way.
8.(2022·武威模拟) 　Suddenly　 (sudden)，they heard a big noise over there.
excited　
friendly　
Suddenly