2023年冀教版中考英语二轮复习第二章 语法精讲 第十课时 主谓一致课件(共21张PPT)

(共21张PPT)
第十课时　主谓一致
第二章　语法精讲
考点分类
考点1　主谓一致的意义
　　在英语句子中,谓语动词在人称和数上要跟主语保持一致。分析甘肃近5年真题可知,在主谓一致方面主要考查主语与谓语动词的一致性、there be句型的主谓一致及时态。考生尤其要注意由一些固定词连接主语的句子中的主谓一致原则,如 with,as well as,both...and...,either...or...等。
考点2　名词作主语
1.可数名词单数和不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg:The water in this lake is clean.
这个湖里的水很干净。
2.集合名词被看作整体时,谓语动词用单数形式;集合名词指其成员或组成部分时,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的有class,family,police等。
eg:My family is a big one.
我的家庭是个大家庭。
My family are all watching TV.
我的家人都在看电视。
3.有些名词看似是复数形式,但实际上表示的是单数意义,谓语动词要用单数形式,如news(消息),politics(政治),physics(物理)等。
eg:Physics is very hard to learn well for me.对我来说学好物理非常难。
4.像trousers,scissors,glasses这样的词总是以复数形式出现,谓语动词要用复数形式。但是如果它们被a/one/this/that pair of修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式;当它们被two(three,four...) pairs of修饰时,谓语动词用复数形式。
eg:These glasses allow you to see the film in 3D.这副眼镜让你能看3D电影。
A pair of glasses costs quite a lot now.
现在买一副眼镜很贵。
5.用and连接的名词通常是指不同的人或物,谓语动词用复数形式;但有时用and连接的名词表示同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg:The composer and the singer of the song are here now.
这首歌的作曲者和演唱者现在都在这里。(两个人,and前后用了两个冠词)
The composer and singer is veryfamous.
这位作曲家兼歌唱家非常有名。(一个人,and前后只用了一个冠词)
6.there be句型(there是引导词,没有意义,主语是be动词后的名词或代词)中谓语动词的数要由离它最近的名词或代词决定。
eg:There is a pen and two books on the desk.书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。
There are two books and a pen on the
desk.书桌上有两本书和一支钢笔。
7.either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等连接的名词(或代词)充当主语时,谓语动词的数也是由离它最近的名词(或代词)决定。
eg:Neither Tom nor his classmates are fromEngland.
Tom和他的同学都不是来自英国。
8.一段时间、一笔钱、一段距离等要看作单数,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg:Five dollars is what I have now.
我现在只有五美元。
9.如果名词(或代词)后有(together) with或as well as 短语,只看该名词(或代词)的数。
eg:Li Ming with his classmates often goes to see a film on Sundays.
李明和他同学经常星期天去看电影。
（　B　）①There 　 　　 　 more and more foreigners learning Chinese now.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
（　A　）②A woman with two children 　 　　 　 along the street at the moment.
A.is walking B.are walking
C.walk D.walks
B
A
考点3　代词作主语
　　比较难掌握的是不定代词作主语的情况,特别注意以下情况:
1.all 指人时看作复数,指物时看作单数。
eg:All were here yesterday,but Jim is not here today.
昨天所有人都到了,但今天Jim没有来。
2.none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词既可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式。
eg:None of the telephones is/are working.
这些电话中没有一部是好的。
（　B　）①Listen!Someone 　 　　 　 in the room.
A.crying B.is crying
C.are crying D.cry
（　D　）②Everyone except Tom and John 　 　　 　 there when the meeting began.
A.are B.is C.were D.was
B
D
考点4　数词作主语
1.“分数＋of＋不可数名词”看作单数,“分数＋of＋可数名词复数”看作复数。
eg:Nearly three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by water.
地球表面近四分之三被水覆盖着。
Two thirds of the students in this college are girls.
这所学院三分之二的学生是女生。
2.在谈到一些数学问题时,把数字看作单数。
eg:One and two is three.一加二等于三。
（　A　）①—How much is the pair of shoes
—Twenty dollars 　 　　 　 enough.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
（　D　）②Half of the workers here 　 　　 　 above twenty 　 　　 　 .
A.is;years B.are;year old
C.is;years old D.are;years old
A
D
考点5　其他情况作主语
1.“the＋形容词”表示一类人或者事物,看作复数。
eg:The rich don’t always feel happier than the poor.
有钱人并不总是比穷人感觉更快乐。
2.“the＋姓氏的复数形式”表示“姓……的一家人或夫妇两人”,看作复数。
eg:The Whites are very friendly to me.
怀特一家人对我很友好。
3.名词所有格(或名词性物主代词)单独使用,表示复数意义看作复数,表示单数意义看作单数。
eg:My trousers are black,while Tom’s are
blue.我的裤子是黑色的,但Tom的(裤子)是蓝色的。
His father is a teacher,but Jim’s is not.
他的爸爸是一名教师,但Jim的爸爸不是。
4.动名词或不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
eg:Talking to people from other parts of the world is a good way to learn geography.
和来自世界其他地方的人交谈是学习地理的好方法。
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
5.主语从句一律看作单数。
eg:When he will go to visit Beijing has not been decided.
他还没有决定什么时候去游览北京。
Whether he will go there with us is not important.
他是否和我们一起去那里并不重要。
（　C　）①The poor in the small village 　 　　 　 to Beijing to visit the Great Wall last year.
A.took B.was taken
C.were taken D.were took
（　C　）② 　 　　 　 that pair of 　 　　 　 a little cheaper
A.Is;glass B.Are;glass
C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses
C
C
备考演练
单项选择
（　A　）1.(2022·湖北恩施州)There 　 　　 　 some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A.is B.are C.be
（　A　）2.(2022·贵州铜仁)—Using serving chopsticks 　 　　 　 necessary when eating withothers.
—That’s right.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
A
A
（　B　）3.Spending time with families 　 　　 　 the happiest thing.
A.are B.is C.be
（　A　）4.Not only you but also I 　 　　 　 interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.
A.am B.is C.are
（　A　）5.I have finished a large part of the book,the rest of which 　 　　 　 more difficult.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
B
A
A
（　A　）6.This pair of trousers 　 　　 　 smooth
because they are made of Chinese silk.
A.feels B.feel C.is felt D.are felt
（　A　）7.Fresh water 　 　　 　 more important than anything else.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
（　B　）8.The singer and the dancer 　 　　 　 come to the meeting.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
A
A
B
（　D　）9.The Smiths 　 　　 　 their breakfast when the morning post came.
A.had B.has been having
C.are having D.were having
（　D　）10.No one except two students 　 　　 　 the meeting.
A.has been late for B.have been late for
C.were late for D.was late for
（　B　）11.Nobody but Jane 　 　　 　 the secret.
A.know B.knows
C.have known D.is known
D
D
B
（　C　）12.The population of the world 　 　　 　 still 　 　　 　 now.
A.has;grown B.are;growing
C.is;growing D.have;grown
（　C　）13.Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who 　 　　 　 in China.
A.works B.is working
C.are working D.has been working
C
C