2023届河北高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析）

阅读理解
Teens interested in losing weight, for instance, got advertisements for unhealthy tips on how to become anorexic (厌食者). Such advertisements targeted these kids in hopes of persuading them to try things that were either dangerous or illegal at their age.
Advertisements are just one example of persuasion—trying to change another’s mind. Advertisements may try to convince us to buy something or do something new and different. Marketing is a field of persuasion designed to sell things, notes Jacob Teeny. Persuasion can be used to sell things. At its worst, it can be used to control people. Clearly, persuasion can be used for good and bad.
People open to new experiences tend to be more easily persuaded, Teeny says. But open-minded people can resist some persuasive arguments—such as the idea that eating junk food is cool. And closed-minded people can sometimes be persuaded. “If you haven’t really thought about the arguments” ahead of time, Teeny says, you’re going to be “much more persuadable.”
You might resist the message if you think about it as you listen to it for the first time. You might find reasons why their line of reasoning does not make sense by spotting holes in someone’s argument. But when you’re busy or distracted, you are easier to be persuaded, Teeny says.
“Persuasion is a science,” Teeny says. In fact, he notes, “It’s studied as one.” So educate yourself about the factors that go into persuasion. You will become more persuasive about the social appeals that matter to you, he says. At the same time, you will become more resistant to undue (不适当的) persuasion by others.
1．Why are advertisements mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic. B．To explain its function.
C．To ask children to lose weight. D．To tell teens to avoid dangerous things.
2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Marketing is designed to sell things.
B．Persuasion is used to control people.
C．Persuasion has advantages and disadvantages.
D．We should follow advertisements to buy things.
3．How can you find an argument unreasonable
A．By working busily. B．By being distracted.
C．By being closed-minded. D．By finding its weak points.
4．What does the writer think of “knowing about persuasion”
A．Useful. B．Interesting. C．Difficult. D．Wasteful.
It feels good to recycle. There’s a certain sense of accomplishment that comes from carefully sorting soda bottles, plastic bags and yogurt cups from the rest of the garbage. The more plastic you put in that blue bin, the more you’re keeping out of landfills and the oceans, right
Wrong. No matter how meticulous you are in cleaning and separating your plastics, most end up in the trash anyway. Take flexible food packages. Those films contain several layers of different plastics. Because each plastic has to be recycled separately, those films are not recyclable. The polypropylene (聚丙烯) in yogurt cups and other items doesn’t usually get recycled either; recycling a hodgepodge of polypropylene produces a dark, smelly plastic that few manufacturers will use.
Only two kinds of plastic are commonly recycled in the United States: the kind in plastic soda bottles, polyethylene terephthalate, or PET; and the plastic found in milk containers — high-density polyethylene, or HDPE. Together, those plastics make up only about a quarter of the world’s plastic trash. And when those plastics are recycled, they aren’t good for much. Melting plastic down to recycle changes its consistency, so PET from bottles has to be mixed with brand-new plastic to make a sturdy final product. Recycling a mix of multicolored HDPE pieces creates a dark plastic good only for making products like park benches and waste bins, in which properties like color don’t matter much.
The difficulties of recycling plastic into anything manufacturers want to use is a big reason why the world is littered with so much plastic waste, says Eric Beckman, a chemical engineer at the University of Pittsburgh. In 2018 alone, the United States landfilled 27 million tons of plastic and recycled a mere 3 million, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Low recycling rates aren’t just a problem in the United States. Of the 6.3 billion tons of plastic that have been discarded around the world, only about 9 percent has gotten recycled. Another 12 percent has been burned, and almost 80 percent has piled up on land or in waterways.
5．What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A．To show a lifestyle. B．To describe a phenomenon.
C．To introduce a topic. D．To make a proposal.
6．What does the underlined word “meticulous” mean in paragraph 2
A．Painful. B．Forgetful. C．Regretful. D．Mindful.
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Manufacturers don’t want to use recycled plastic.
B．There is an urgent need to reduce plastic waste.
C．More plastic can be dealt with by burning.
D．U.S. is to blame for the plastic problem.
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．The causes of plastic pollution.
B．The characteristics of different plastics.
C．The ways that most plastics are recycled.
D．The reasons why many plastics are not recycled.
Eating ultraprocessed (超加工) foods for more than 20% of your daily calorie intake everyday could set you on the road to cognitive (认知) decline, a new study revealed.
Studies have found they can raise our risk of becoming fat, heart and circulationproblems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives.
Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultraprocessed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the areas of the brain involved in executive functioning-the ability to process information and make decisions.
In fact, men and women who ate the most ultraprocessed foods had a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline compared with people who ate the least amount of overly processed food, the study found.
“While in need of further study and more experiments, the new results are quite compelling and stress the important role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases as we get older,” said Rudy Tanzi, professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School and director of the genetics and aging research unit at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. He was not involved in the study.
Tanzi said the key problem with ultraprocessed foods is that “they are usually very high in sugar, salt and fat, all of which promote systemic inflammation (炎症), perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging in the body and brain.
“Meanwhile, since they are convenient as a quick meal, they also replace eating food that is high in plant fiber that is important for maintaining the health and balance of the trillions of bacteria in your body,” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases.”
“In Brazil, ultraprocessed foods make up 24% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s, Burger King and we eat a lot of chocolate and white bread. It’s not very different, unfortunately, from many other Western countries,” said co-author Dr. ClaudiaSuemoto, an assistant professor in the division of geriatries at the University of Sao PauloMedical School.
9．What is the new finding about eating ultraprocessed foods
A．It speeds up people’s aging.
B．It makes people gain weight easily.
C．It may reduce people’s cognitive ability.
D．It will certainly cause a lot of brain diseases.
10．What does the underlined word “compelling” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Attractive.
B．Convincing.
C．Interesting.
D．Doubtful
11．What can we know about Rudy Tanzi
A．He was in favour of the study.
B．He was the co-author of the study.
C．He graduated from Harvard Medical School.
D．He advises replacing eating food high in plant fiber.
12．What’s Dr. Claudia’s attitude towards calorie intake in Western countries
A．Doubtful.
B．Worried.
C．Unconcerned.
D．Approving.
Human tears could carry a flood of useful information. With just a few drops, a new technique can spot eye disease and even signs of diabetes (糖尿病), scientists report July 20 in ACS Nano.
“We wanted to demonstrate the potential of using tears to detect disease,” says Fei Liu, a biomedical engineer at Wenzhou Medical University in China. It’s possible the droplets could open a window for scientists to look closely at the entire body, he says, and one day even let people quickly test their tears at home.
Tears contain tiny sacs (液囊) stuffed with cellular messages. If scientists could get these microscopic mailbags, they could offer new evidence on what’s happening inside the body. But collecting enough of these sacs is tricky. Unlike fluid (体液) from other body parts, just a small amount of liquid leaks from the eyes.
So Liu’s team invented a new way to obtain the sacs from tiny volumes of tears. First, the researchers collected tears from study participants. Then, the team added a solution containing the tears to a device and within minutes, the technique lets small molecules (分子) escape, leaving the sacs behind for analysis.
The results gave scientists an eyeful. Different types of dry-eye disease leave their own molecular fingerprints in people’s tears, the team found. What’s more, tears could potentially help doctors monitor how a patient’s diabetes is progressing.
Now, the scientists want to employ tears for evidence of other diseases as well as depression or emotional stress, says study coauthor Luke Lee, a bioengineer at Harvard Medical School. “This is just the beginning,” he says. “Tears express something that we haven’t really explored.”
13．What can we learn about human tears
A．They contain many diseases. B．They are useful in detecting disease.
C．They are the sign of diabetes. D．They have a deep impact on the whole body.
14．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A．The process of getting sacs. B．The difficulty of collecting tears.
C．The method of using the device. D．The technique of analyzing tears.
15．What does Luke Lee think of the future of the research into tears
A．Stressful. B．Profitable. C．Challenging. D．Promising.
16．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Solution to Eye Disease.
B．A Novel Treatment for Diabetes.
C．A New Technology Uses Human Teardrops to Spot Disease.
D．A Biomedical Engineer Finds the Potential Use of Human Tears.
A bunch of flowers, a box of chocolates and a bottle of wine are the classic moves when it comes to buying the best mother’s day gifts. If you want something a little different this year, we’ve prepared a guide to fine gifts for your mother, grandmother or mother-in-law.
Personalized Chopping Board (切菜板)
From 40, Etsy
Quickest delivery: 5-7 days, free
A good chopping board will stay with you for life. This wooden board is handmade in a Yorkshire workshop, and can be personalized on one or both sides. Sizes vary from small to extra large.
Bloom & Wild Flower Subscription
104 for six months, Bloom & Wild
Give the gift of fresh flowers once a month, for six months with this well priced Bloom & Wild gift subscription. It works out at 17.33 per bunch. That’s a pretty good deal considering the average bunch at Bloom & Wild costs nearer 25.
The Body Shop Rose Quartz Gua Sha Stone
15, The Body Shop
Quickest delivery: next day if you order before 11am, 4.99
The practice of gua sha is rooted in ancient Chinese medicine but became the number one western beauty trend in 2020 after influencers and beauty editors alike were crazy about how it made their faces appear more attractive. It involves combing a gua sha along your cheeks, jawline, chin and around your mouth in delicate dragging motions to de-puff (消肿).
Fitbit Inspire 2
44.99, John Lewis
Quickest delivery: next day from 7.50
It’s a common misconception that you have to break the bank to buy a fitness watch, but this Fitbit watch suggests otherwise. For less than 50, she gets a tracker of activity, heart-rate and sleep, as well as a battery that lasts up to 10 days.
17．How much may yearly subscribed flowers cost at Bloom & Wild
A． 100. B． 104. C． 208. D． 300.
18．What made gua sha popular in 2020
A．Its beautifying effect. B．Its easy-to-use feature.
C．Its body weight control. D．Its Chinese medicine origin.
19．What is special about Fitbit Inspire 2
A．It is water-proof. B．It is reasonably priced.
C．It has a long battery life. D．It can track users’ activity.
In a close-up (特写), one man is pulling the other with all his strength through the window of an SUV, a type of vehicle, which is stuck dangerously on a cliff (悬崖) 30 feet above a busy roadway.
Jason Warnock, then 29, is the man performing the life-saving action. He was driving in Lewiston, Idaho, in April 2015 when he came upon a fallen tree in the middle of the road. “I was like, ‘What happened’ ” he told a news website. Warnock stretched out his neck to stare up the side of a cliff. At the very top, where the tree should have been, was an SUV swinging on the edge, held back from falling to the road by a delicate, heavily damaged chain-link fence. Looking inside the car, Warnock could see a panicked Matthew Sitko, 23, beating on the passenger-side window.
That’s when Warnock sprang into action. He crossed a nearby footbridge, and climbed up the cliff to get to the vehicle. When Warnock got to the car, he tried breaking the window with a tool he had on him, only to realize that his cracking was shaking the car and might cause it to slip down the hill. He stopped and turned to calming Sitko enough to get him to open the window. “Give me your hand,” Warnock said. “If this thing goes, I want to have a hold of you so I can at least get you out of there.” Before reaching for the lifeline, Sitko had one request: “Can I grab my phone ” Soon enough, Warnock had freed both man and his machine.
According to the Lewiston police chief, the accident was caused when Sitko, who suffered only minor injuries, lost control of his car. For his part, Warnock insisted he came to Sitko’s aid for one simple reason: “I just did what anyone would do.”
20．Where was Matthew Sitko’s SUV when spotted
A．On a cliff. B．By a river.
C．On the road. D．Under a tree.
21．Why did Warnock stop breaking the window
A．His strength ran up.
B．His tool stopped functioning.
C．He worried about his own safety.
D．He realized the possible consequence.
22．What is the cause of the accident
A．The SUV was beyond repair. B．The SUV was out of control.
C．Sitko was severely injured. D．Sitko was sleepy and tired.
23．Which of the following can best describe Warnock
A．Calm but stubborn. B．Daring but anxious.
C．Caring and decisive. D．Optimistic and strong.
I could still see and feel the sheets of white, blue-lined paper on which I learned cursive (草书) writing. Cursive was a required lesson of early education in my day. Connecting all the letters in a word in an unsteady flow and, with my own personal style struck me as excellent fun, and I was a natural. Once I learned to write, I hardly recalled printing.
Cursive was still taught when my son entered elementary school, but was no longer required when my grandson Connor entered puter keyboards had supplanted handwriting, and children took to them swiftly. Connor coached me on computers’ new advantages and possibilities, but instead indicated that cursive was old-school.
One day, something changed. When Connor was about 8, he watched me as I penned a letter to a friend. “How do you do that ” he asked. I was taken aback. How, indeed I. said I’d been taught and that I’d had lots of practice. “Can I learn it ” he asked immediately. Sports, especially soccer, were Connor’s passions. When he was at school, he hadn’t shown much interest in anything but art class, where he excelled. Connor saw cursive as a fascinating new art form. When I asked him recently what he remembered about his boyhood fascination with cursive, he said in a simple way, “It was just different and odd. I wanted to do it.”
He didn’t do it to impress. He did it because he wanted, to. Connor persisted. He developed his own handwriting style and flow. He was hooked, and he continued to invent and develop his script.
Cursive may not be a required school curricula any longer. But now we are in the era of human communication. So I hope that cursive handwriting will continue to reach and attract children, at least some of them, as my grandson was motivated when he saw me writing to my friend in cursive.
24．What can we infer about the author in paragraph 1
A．He failed to learn to print letters.
B．He had a gift for learning cursive.
C．He chose cursive as an optional course.
D．He hardly connected all the letters in a word.
25．What does “old-school” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Conventional B．Possible. C．Academic. D．Advantageous.
26．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．What Connor excelled in at school,
B．How Connor fell in love with cursive.
C．When Connor showed interest in cursive.
D．Why Connor copied the author’s handwriting.
27．What does the author expect of cursive in the last paragraph
A．It will engage more children. B．It will be included in school curricula.
C．It will dominate in written communication. D．It will become children’s favourite writing style.
What are the best gardens in Ireland to visit The answer is: everywhere.
Brigit’s Garden
The garden sits on 11 magical acres of natural woodlands and wildflower areas. The garden areas take you on a walk through ancient Celtic seasons. This is an educational area and it provides tours and walking groups with lessons for the local schools. There is a super cafe on site. When you have finished exploring, you can enjoy a snack or a cup of coffee.
Caheer Bridge Garden
An award-winning garden in County Clare, this garden is created around an old restore cottage on the river. It has been featured in several publications including the Irish Times and is open for viewing by appointment only.
It is also an area known for its challenging weather systems, constant westerly winds, and lack of naturally growing plants and trees.
Helen Dillon’s Garden
Starting her career as a junior assistant to other famous gardeners working at a gardening magazine and cultivating her own grounds for over 40 years, Helen has authored several books on gardening and has been quoted as claiming that gardening is a constant editing process and that what you take out can be as important as what you put in. The Dillon’s garden reflects Helen’s constantly changing style and is open to the public to view and tour.
Bellfield Garden
Covering almost one complete hectare and featuring a victorian glass house, Bellfield Garden has become a popular visitors spot.
It has been listed as one of the best 10 gardens in Ireland and has an impressive water feature. As a popular vacation destination, the grounds contain cottages that are fashioned from the old farmhouses where visitors may stay.
28．In which garden can you experience education
A．Bellfield Garden. B．Brigit’s Garden.
C．Helen Dillon’s Garden. D．Caheer Bridge Garden.
29．What is Bellfield Garden famous for
A．Snacks. B．Books. C．Water. D．Weather.
30．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A story book. B．A magazine.
C．A science book. D．A Tour Guide.
Kelsie Dolin’s grandmother always encouraged her to try new things, often pushing her out of her comfort zone. One way that her grandmother tried to push her out of her comfort zone was by encouraging her to sing more, especially in public. Kelsie gave it a shot, but it didn’t turn out like she’d hoped.
Kelsie couldn’t help but notice the unusual number of American Idol advertisements she’d come across that were made to get people to audition (试镜). Finally, it reached a point where she took it as a sign for her to take another chance on singing.
This was a big change for the shy, down-to-earth young woman who was only 18 at the time. As someone who grew up in Boone County, West Virginia and had never been on a plane before, just getting to the audition would mean experiencing a lot of firsts. But once her plane ride was over, it was time for her to step out of her comfort zone in a major way: Not only was she about to perform for the first time ever, but she was about to do so in front of judges Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie.
Kelsie chose to sing “Piece by Piece” by Kelly Clarkson, a fitting song since it comes from the first-ever winner of American Idol. The judges were impressed by her vocals (唱功), but they could tell that Kelsie’s nerves were holding her back. After much encouragement, they asked if she could sing the second song she had prepared: “When We Were Young” by Adele. At first, Kelsie’s confidence remained about the same. But as Perry shouted out instructions to cheer her up and bring her out of her shell, something magical happened.
As she reached the chorus (副歌), Kelsie found the strength to sing, bringing tears to Richie’s eyes. All three judges were so proud of Kelsie for her great first performance. They couldn’t help but say the magic words “You are going to Hollywood!”
31．What did Kelsie’s grandmother ask her to do
A．Sing at home. B．Try something new.
C．Watch advertisements. D．Stay in her comfort zone.
32．Why was it a big change for Kelsie to go to the audition
A．She became very shy. B．She took a plane for the first time.
C．She first showed in an advertisement. D．She would experience many new things.
33．What was the judges’ purpose of asking Kelsie to sing the second song
A．To attract more audience. B．To help her overcome nerves.
C．To make her understand instructions. D．To encourage her to remain the confidence.
34．What can we know from the judges’ words in the last paragraph
A．Kelsie was moved. B．Kelsie’s effort paid off.
C．The judges were tough. D．The judges performed well.
Drought is typically thought of as a simple lack of rain and snow. But evaporative (蒸发的) demand — a term describing the atmosphere’s capacity to-pull water from the ground — is also a major factor.
Evaporative demand can be thought of as a “laundry-drying quotient (指数)”. Nevada, a climatologist, explains, “When hanging the laundry or washing outside, we know that it’s going to dry best and fastest if it’s warm, sunny, windy and dry.” Study lead author Albano says, “This quotient does not simply increase upward alongside climate warming; it increases exponentially. With a one-to-two-degree rise in temperature, we’re getting much larger increases in evaporative demand.”
A new study shows the atmosphere over much of the US has grown a lot thirstier over the past 40 years. To measure how atmospheric thirst has been changing, Albano and her colleagues examined five data sets covering 1980 to 2020 that included temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and humidity (湿度) — all of which contribute to evaporative demand. They found the biggest US increases occurred over southwestern states, while rising humidity offset higher temperatures in the east. In the Rio Grande region, the atmosphere needed 135 to 235 millimeters more water annually in 2020 than it did in 1980, an 8. to 15 percent increase. That water vaporized instead of watering crops.
Along with higher temperatures and lower humidity, the study also noted rising wind speeds and increasing solar radiation. In very dry regions, humidity declines as temperatures warm, Albano says she is not yet sure why the sunlight and wind are changing.
Rising evaporative demand adds to the pressure as the west continues to endure the great drought conditions that have not been seen for 1,200 years. The increase contributed to low spring runoff from the Sierra Nevada in 2021, when much less stream water came from snow than predicted, A thirstier atmosphere also dried out western forests, leading to larger wildfires.
“The study shows that resource managers really have to think a lot about how we make sure that we’re controlling the amount of water that we’re all using,” says Caroline, a Columbia scientist.
35．What do Nevada and Albano both try to do in paragraph 2
A．Illustrate a term. B．Define the atmosphere.
C．Explain a cause of the temperature change. D．Describe the phenomenon of global warming.
36．How did Albano and her colleagues mainly conduct the study
A．By analyzing statistics. B．By making assumptions.
C．By carrying out a questionnaire survey. D．By performing a laboratory experiment.
37．Which is most likely to contribute to evaporative demand
A．High humidity. B．Low temperature.
C．Declining solar radiation. D．Rising wind speed.
38．What is the best title for the text
A．Drought in the West of the US B．The Thirsty Atmosphere in the US
C．How to Control Evaporative Demand D．The Way to Make Good Use of Water
Events from Cornell University
Movies on the Arts Quad (MOTAQ)
MOTAQ is an in-person event series on Thursdays at the start of the fall semester for a month. We are opening seating at 7:30 p.m., with the film starting at 8:00 p.m. Bring your warm clothes and blankets, for it sometimes gets cold out. MOTAQ is brought to you by Cornell University Class Councils, CU Tonight, Campus Activities, and Cornell Cinema, Follow @cornellactivities on Instagram.
ClubFest
In its 19th year, ClubFest continues as a celebration of Cornell’s amazing student groups demonstrating their activities and promoting the admission of new members. We are also looking for performance groups at ClubFest. ClubFest for the Spring semester will take place this Sunday in Barton Hall. ClubFest is an opportunity for Cornellians to connect with clubs and organizations. Contact us at student union@cornell.edu with any ClubFest questions.
Slope Day
The Slope Day Programming Board is excited to announce Slope Day this year. Join us on this Saturday for performances throughout the day. There is a long history of the spring-time gathering. While this event has taken many shapes over the past century, one common goal never changes: celebration. It has been a long time since we’ve had a live band headlining the Slope Day festival, and the band COIN is sure to be a hit. On Slope Day, approximately 500 volunteers are needed. Contact Volunteer Director Riya Agarwal@ to apply.
Senior Days
We invite graduating undergraduate students to celebrate their achievements during Senior Days from Monday to Friday. Senior Days offers opportunities for seniors to connect through free and ticketed on and off campus events. There are exciting events like Bingo Night, Bowling at Helen Newman and Chimes Concerts&Clocktower Tours. Contact us at seniordays@cornell.edu.
39．What can you do in ClubFest this Sunday
A．Watch a movie. B．Learn about student groups.
C．Apply to be a volunteer. D．Demonstrate achievements.
40．Which event will you choose if you want to enjoy a band performance
A．Movies on the Arts Quad. B．ClubFest.
C．Slope Day. D．Senior Days.
41．How long does Senior Days last
A．One day. B．Four days.
C．Five days. D．A week.
Wearing high heels, straight-backed, four “chic grandmas” with an average age of more than 68, can still walk the walk with a fashionable international swagger on the T stage. But these are not trained models. They are, in fact, ordinary retirees. They all share a love for fashion, but their backgrounds could hardly be more different.
Sang Xiuzhu,77, used to be an engineer. After retiring at the age of 62, she joined a senior model team in Beijing. Later, she was invited to participate in Beijing International Fashion Week, Paris Fashion Week and her new career just grew. She is so occupied that she really has no time to think about aging. For her, the stage she loves and pours her blood into is her future.
Likewise, Guo Lirong, 62, was a police officer before retirement. When she was at a friend’s house by chance, she was asked to be a model. So she studied modeling for three years, from elementary to advanced classes. In the early days of retirement Guo finished shopping in the morning, made lunch, and started playing mahjong at 1:30pm. Now, her hobbies are walking with attitude down the catwalks and filming short videos.
Cheng Derong is 72. She worked as an accountant before retirement. She has loved literature and art since she was a child. But her job took up all her time. The opportunity to stay on stage seemed to have gone but her love for literature and art has never decreased.
Tang Ai’ai, 62, was a civil servant before retirement. After retirement,she participated in various activities, such as yoga, Latin dance and conquering catwalks.Tang suggested that after retirement, people should deal with the transition period, and they should have their own hobbies and enjoy life. As long as the heart is not old,life is always sweet.
The four “chic grandmas” are full of enthusiasm for new things and digital life, and they live to learn. This kind of enthusiasm that is rooted in their original aspirations fills them with energy.
42．What do the four “chic grandmas” have in common
A．They are professional models.
B．They were engineers before retirement.
C．They have a passion for fashion.
D．They participated in Paris Fashion Week.
43．Why did Guo Lirong start modeling
A．She studied modeling for three years.
B．She happened to be asked to be a model at a friend’s house.
C．She likes walking down the catwalks and filming short videos.
D．She has loved literature and art since she was a child.
44．What does “the transition period” underlined in paragraph 5 refer to
A．A period when life is nothing but sweet.
B．A period when you have lost your job.
C．A period when you participate in various activities.
D．A period when you have just retired and have to adapt to the new life.
45．What does the story of the four “chic grandmas” tell us
A．There is no age limit, and what counts is an enthusiastic attitude to life.
B．Women should try modeling even if they are old.
C．Women deserve the same rights as men.
D．Women have a desire for beauty and fashion no matter how old they are.
The English language is constantly evolving (演变), and there are a great number of words out there that don’t mean what they used to. We’re talking about common words that you use every day. We take them for granted, but at some point in history, their meanings totally changed, and they all originally meant something much different.
Generally speaking, the word “nice” is one with good meanings. However, back in the late 12th century, if someone said you were “nice”, it was far from nice. Way back when, “nice”was used to mean “foolish” and “stupid”. Later on in the 13th century, “nice” came to mean “shy”, and during the 14th century, it even meant “being careful”. But finally in the 18th century, it changed to the kinder definition we know today, and ever since then, people have been using it in a popular way.
All of us get sad every now and then. It’s a normal part of life. A loved one passes away, we get overlooked for that big promotion at work, or the grocery store is out of your favorite flavor of Hawaiian Punch. These are all things that can make us very sad. However, once upon a time, “sad” had a very different definition. Back in the 1300s, it was the perfect word if you’d eaten too much food at dinner. Through the years, the definition of “sad” changed to “heavy” and then “tired”, all before evolving into the word we use today.
“Awful” is perhaps the one word on this list that should have stuck with its original meaning. While today it means “bad” or “terrible”, “awful” used to mean “awe-inspiring” or “full of awe”. In other words, if something was “awful”, then it was worthy of respect or even fear. However, over the years, “awful” has come to have a completely opposite meaning.
46．How many examples are given to support the topic of this text
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
47．What did “nice” mean in the 14th century
A．Stupid. B．Foolish. C．Being careful. D．Terrible.
48．If you’d eaten too much at dinner, which word did you use in the 14th century
A．Nice. B．Sad. C．Awful. D．Heavy.
49．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Words That Originally Meant Something Different
B．Words with Opposite Meanings
C．Languages Seldom Change in History
D．Don’t Take the Meanings of Words for Granted
Best devices for students 2023
External hard drive
Price: about 50
The last thing you want is for your laptop to break (or get stolen) and to lose all of your work as a result. An external hard drive like this one from Western Digital can store a backup copy of pretty much your entire laptop.
Amazon Kindle
Price: about 130
Even if you’re a die-hard fan of physical books, the pain of carrying university textbooks around every day might change you.
The latest model of the Kindle Paper white comes with Bluetooth and a front-lit screen that has an adjustable warm light and, as is the case with most e-readers, the battery can last for weeks on a single charge.
Tile Mate key finder
Price: about 20
If you’re the kind of person who’s always losing stuff — particularly your phone or keys — then this little device could be a lifesaver.
Attach your Tile Mate key ring to your set of keys, and you can use the Tile Mate app to locate them if you happen to lose them.
And best of all, if you’ve got your keys but can’t find your phone, hitting the button on the Tile Mate key ring will make your phone ring — even when it’s on silent.Genius.
WiFi range extender
Price: about 35
All too often, the routers supplied by broadband companies aren’t quite up to the job.
We’ve used this WiFi range extender from NETGEAR and can confirm that it does a great job of improving the WiFi signal around the house. It plugs straight into the wall, and although you might need to trial a couple of different locations before finding the perfect position, you should notice the difference straight away.
50．What is the price of an external hard drive
A．About 20. B．About 35.
C．About 50. D．About 130.
51．What is the most striking feature of the Tile Mate key finder
A．It can be attached to your keys.
B．It can be located very easily.
C．It can save your life in time of emergency.
D．It can make your phone ring — even when it’s on silent.
52．What is most needed by someone whose flat receives very poor broadband signal
A．External hard drive. B．Amazon Kindle.
C．Tile Mate key finder. D．WiFi range extender.
Call for Entries: Young Women Writers Competition
Guardian Weekend magazine is launching a writing competition for UK women aged 16-21 on the theme of “Conversations”.
How to Enter
All you have to do is submit a 700-word personal essay that shows off your talents-on the theme of “Conversations”. Did you have an unforgettable conversation with your grandmother about her youth that changed how you viewed her Do you find having certain conversations really hard, and if so, why Is there a conversation you regret, or one you regret you never had We’re keen to hear about your personal experiences.
The Prizes
There will be one winner and two runners-up. The three winners will each receive 250. The winners will be notified by email or telephone on or before June 30, 2023 and given details of how to claim their prizes. As part of the editing process, the three winners will participate in a video call with a Guardian Weekend editor to discuss and edit their essay for publication. The one overall winner will also receive a one-to-one workshop with an editor.
Rules
Follow all the rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Only one entry is permitted per person. Entries on behalf of another person will not be accepted and joint submissions are not allowed.
■The competition opens at 9:00 am on May 22, 2023 and closes at 11:59 p.m. on June 9, 2023. Entries received outside this time period will not be considered.
■Your entry must not be copied, and must not contain any third-party materials or content that you do not have permission to use.
■You must include your name, age and contact details, including your email address and phone number.
53．What’s the theme of the writing competition
A．Regrets. B．Conversations.
C．Grandmother’s youth. D．Personal experiences.
54．What extra prize will the overall winner receive
A．An additional 250.
B．A video of the competition.
C．A prior notification of the win.
D．A one-to-one workshop with an editor.
55．Which of the following will result in disqualification
A．Co-authoring an entry.
B．Including contact details.
C．Mailing your entry on June l, 2023.
D．Using others’ content with permission.
My eighteen-year-old daughter Julia called twenty minutes after she left, saying she had an accident. I grabbed my shoes and was in the car in less than a minute. When I finally saw her, I hugged her tightly. Then I looked at the other driver. Learning that he fell asleep behind the wheel at about seventy miles an hour when the speed limit was forty-five, I could have choked him.
“It could have been worse,” I reminded myself as she cried all the way to the doctor’s office. Luckily, four days after the accident, Julia felt better. At her appointment, her doctor cleared her to resume normal activities, including driving. But I could tell by her look that she had no intention of getting behind the wheel.
Later that day, I sat with Julia as she spoke on the phone with our insurance agent. On the phone, she was professional, telling the agent what had happened in a clear, brief way. I realized she sounded like an adult. And adults drive cars. I realized that no matter how I felt about it, allowing Julia to give in to her fear wasn’t good for her. When she hung up, I hugged her. “You’re stronger than you think,” I said. “And tomorrow you’re going to drive my car and meet your friends for lunch. You just have to push through the fear and do it, and it will get easier each time you do.” I ignored the fear in her eyes and the way my heart sped up when I thought about Julia behind the wheel again.
The next day, Julia drove my car to meet her friends. As I watched her leave, I felt nervous and proud. She texted me when she got to the restaurant, and I felt my heart rate return to normal. The tears I’d been holding back all week flooded my eyes. Watching her leave the house without me for the first time since the accident was frightening, but it was also necessary.
56．What was the author’s reaction to the driver’s behavior
A．She almost burst with anger. B．She felt guilty for her daughter.
C．She felt sympathy for him. D．She was choked with sorrow.
57．What did the doctor suggest to Julia
A．Staying away from driving. B．Attending a driving lesson.
C．Contacting the insurance agent. D．Retaking her routine activities.
58．What did the author realize when Julia spoke on the phone
A．The driver took the blame for the accident.
B．The accident had been worse than expected.
C．Julia should overcome the fear to drive.
D．Julia was smart to deal with any trouble.
59．Why did the author cry at Julia’s text
A．Julia was good at learning to drive.
B．Julia recovered mentally and physically.
C．Julia had supportive friends and parents.
D．Julia could look after herself when driving.
Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth’s vital resource. By using advanced microwave radar technology, it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in high-definition detail over 90% of the globe. It’s really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet’s surface.
The major mission is to explore how oceans absorb atmospheric heal and CO2 in a natural process that adjusts climate change. Oceans are estimated to have absorbed more than 90% of the extra heat trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere by human-caused greenhouse gases. Swot will scan (查看) the seas and precisely measure fine differences in surface elevations (高度) around smaller currents and eddies (漩涡), where much of the oceans’ decrease of heat and carbon is believed to occur. “Studying the mechanism will help climate scientists answer a key question: What is the turning point at which oceans start releasing, rather than absorbing, huge amounts of heat back into the atmosphere and speed up global warming, rather than limiting it,” said Nadya Shiffer, Swot’s program scientist.
By comparison, earlier studies of water bodies relied on data of rivers or oceans taken at specific points, or from satellites that can only track measurements along a one-dimensional line, requiring scientists to fill in data gaps through extrapolation (外推法). Thanks to the radar instrument, Swot can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth. This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of weather or time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was previously possible.
“Rather than giving us a line of elevations, it’s giving us a map of elevations, and that’s just a total game changer,” said Tamlin Pavelsky, Swot freshwater science leader.
60．What do the underlined words “vital resource” in the first paragraph refer to
A．Technology. B．Climate. C．Oceans. D．Water.
61．What is the major mission of Swot satellite
A．To explore where oceans absorb heat and CO2.
B．To explain why greenhouse gas comes into being.
C．To identify when global warming is worsened.
D．To study how oceans influence climate change.
62．What makes it possible for Swot to measure precisely
A．The high-definition computer.
B．Advanced radar technology.
C．The three-dimensional image.
D．An accurate map of elevations.
63．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．First Global Water Survey from Space
B．Successful Launch of Swot Satellite
C．A Breakthrough in Space Travel
D．A Solution to Climate Change
The brown paper bag hit the ground. A Michelin engineer picked it up and opened it, revealing a cracked, leaking egg. The third graders at A．J. Whittenberg Elementary School were disappointed when they saw the runny mess.
It was engineering week at A．J. Whittenberg, a public primary school in Greenville, South Carolina. One week per month, engineers from local industries visit the classrooms and talk to students about their careers.
Greenville is now introducing the idea of a career path to students in primary school and giving students the option to follow those programs to middle and high schools. Each primary school focuses on a specific technical skill. The district allows students to attend schools outside of their attendance boundaries as long as space is available, which means students can choose to continue to follow their chosen career pathway at a middle school with corresponding programs.
The effort in Greenville is part of a growing national trend in which school districts partner with local industries to develop curriculum (课程) and expose students to specialized careers at a young age.
Some education experts worry the focus on industry qualifications has resulted in schools taking on responsibilities that should fall to businesses, like training workers for specific job duties, damaging a more comprehensive education in schools. “Schools are to not just prepare people for work and strengthen the economy, but also a place where students should experience art, music and think creatively,” said Jack Schneider, a professor of education at the University of Massachusetts.
A teacher from Greenville, however, said, “Career exposure has a big impact on kids. We’re not really wanting them to make a decision—‘I’m in the second grade and now I’m locked in to being whatever when I graduate from high school in 10 years.’ We just hope students walk across the graduation stage with plans for a career in mind.”
Modern times need modern solutions. When students leave school, they need to be already down their road to college, if that’s what they’re going to do, or schools need to give them something that allows them to get to work and earn a living. Just getting out with a high school degree doesn’t do that.
64．Why were the third graders disappointed
A．Their test failed. B．The bag missed the target.
C．Engineers disturbed them. D．They had to clean the ground.
65．What does Greenville do to help students follow their chosen path
A．Design more career paths. B．Invite engineers to their schools.
C．Adopt the open enrollment policy. D．Offer more courses for them to choose.
66．What is Jack Schneider concerned about
A．People’s employment. B．Students’ overall development.
C．The nation’s economy. D．The school’s innovative education.
67．Which statement would the author most likely agree with
A．Modern solutions are hard to find.
B．More students need college education.
C．Greenville’s practice is not acceptable.
D．A high school degree is not enough for jobs.
Being in green spaces and connecting with nature is good for your physical and mental health. In Japanese natural healing, forest bathing has been used to decrease stress, anxiety, and even to treat mild depression. Now, scientists have discovered that blue spaces — natural waterways — are also connected to better mental health. A population-based study found that approach to water increased positive feelings of wellbeing.
Being near water gives people a sense of awe, because it gives people a consciousness of something greater than themselves. The sounds and movement of water gets people to focus their attention — like meditation — and this invites calm, You do not have to go to the coast to experience this well-being. Any waterway will do, including lakes, rivers, canals, or ponds. Even a flowing fountain will work.
The study also found that urban waterways were superior to feelings of well-being than just being near the ocean. Canals and rivers contain not only water but also an abundance of trees and plants, which means their capacity to improvement al well-being is likely to be due to the multiple benefits associated with both green and blue spaces.
Canals and rivers also provide homes to a range of wildlife, and we know that there is a notable association between encountering wildlife and mental well-being. Taken collectively, these findings provide an evidence base for what we thought about water and well-being.
These results are very exciting for urban citizens who have access to rivers and canals. The study also found that there were continuous improvements to mental well-being for up to 24 hours after visiting urban waterways. This is all good news. The availability of spaces to be in nature — both green and blue — will help calm their anxiety, stress, and help boost mental health.
68．Why does the author mention green spaces in paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic about blue spaces.
B．To tell the great benefits of forest bathing.
C．To tell us what works best in reducing stress.
D．To explain green spaces are unpopular now.
69．What can we know about feelings of well-being from paragraph 3
A．Your moods in the woods work quite differently.
B．Being near the ocean has the best function to you.
C．Green spaces have no capacity to improve well-being.
D．Combinations of green and blue spaces are more effective.
70．What does the underlined word “notable” mean in paragraph 4
A．Slight. B．Rare. C．Significant. D．Indistinct.
71．What is the author’s attitude towards the find of blue spaces
A．Intolerant. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
Amazing Festivals
Yi Peng Lantern Festival, Thailand
This wonderful unique Festival is celebrated in Chiang Mai, in November, every year. It is held on the full moon of the twelfth lunar month every year. Locals believe that this is the time when the moon is at its brightest and the rivers are filled to their fullest, so this is the best time to light a lantern or set a floating “kratong” off on the Ping River and make a wish.
Holi Festival, India
Holi is a Hindu festival, which marks the beginning of spring. The holiday symbolizes the victory of good over evil, end of winter and it is celebrated as a thanksgiving for a good harvest.
Day of the Dead, Mexico
The origins of the Day of the Dead go back in time some 3000 years. Upon dying, a person was believed to travel to the Land of the Dead. The belief is that spirits return to the world of the living, for one day. The spirits are greeted with offerings of their favorite food and drinks.
Carnival of Venice, Italy
The origins of the Venice Carnival are found in two different ancient traditions: the Latin Saturnalia and the Greek Dionysian cults-major religious festivals involving the use of masks and symbolic representations. They are made of leather, porcelain or using the original glass technique. The Carnival ends with an important Christian event, the start of Lent, 40days before Easter.
72．Which festival is associated with the moon
A．Holi Festival. B．Day of the Dead.
C．Carnival of Venice. D．Yi Peng Lantern Festival.
73．What will Mexicans do when the spirits return to the earth
A．Entertain them. B．Drive them away.
C．Spare a room for them. D．Spend a few days with them.
74．In which section of the Internet can we find this text
A．Culture. B．Economy. C．Well-being. D．Advertisement.
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是说服这种技能的作用。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Teens interested in losing weight, for instance, got advertisements for unhealthy tips on how to become anorexic (厌食者). Such advertisements targeted these kids in hopes of persuading them to try things that were either dangerous or illegal at their age.(例如，对减肥感兴趣的青少年会收到关于如何成为厌食的不健康建议的广告。这样的广告以这些孩子为目标，希望说服他们尝试在他们这个年龄危险或非法的事情。)”和第二段的“Advertisements are just one example of persuasion—trying to change another’s mind. Advertisements may try to convince us to buy something or do something new and different.(广告只是说服的一个例子——试图改变别人的想法。广告可能试图说服我们买一些东西或做一些新的和不同的事情。)”可知，第一段提到的广告是说服的一个例子，因此提到广告是为了引出说服这个话题。故选A。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Advertisements are just one example of persuasion—trying to change another’s mind. Advertisements may try to convince us to buy something or do something new and different. Marketing is a field of persuasion designed to sell things, notes Jacob Teeny. Persuasion can be used to sell things. At its worst, it can be used to control people. Clearly, persuasion can be used for good and bad.(广告只是说服的一个例子——试图改变别人的想法。广告可能试图说服我们买一些东西或做一些新的和不同的事情。市场营销是一个说服的领域，旨在销售的东西，雅各布·蒂尼指出。说服可以用来推销东西。在最坏的情况下，它可以用来控制人们。显然，说服可以用来做好事，也可以用来做坏事。)”可知，第二段的主旨是解释说服有优点也有缺点。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“You might find reasons why their line of reasoning does not make sense by spotting holes in someone’s argument.(你可能会通过发现别人论点中的漏洞来找到他们的推理不合理的原因。)”可知，你可以通过找出它的弱点来发现一个论点不合理，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“So educate yourself about the factors that go into persuasion. You will become more persuasive about the social appeals that matter to you, he says. At the same time, you will become more resistant to undue persuasion by others.(所以让自己了解说服别人的因素。他说，在对你重要的社会吸引力方面，你会变得更有说服力。与此同时，你会对别人的不正当劝说变得更有抵抗力。)”可知，作者觉得“了解说服”是有用的，故选A。
5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了将塑料回收成制造商想要使用的任何东西是非常困难的，这也是致使许多塑料垃圾无法被回收，最终堆积过多的原因。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“It feels good to recycle.”（回收的感觉真好）和“The more plastic you put in that blue bin, the more you’re keeping out of landfills and the oceans, right ”（你往那个蓝色垃圾桶里扔的塑料越多，你就越能避免塑料进入垃圾填埋场和海洋，对吧？）可知，第一段提出了回收塑料有助于减少塑料垃圾的问题；结合第二段的回答“Wrong.”和“No matter how meticulous you are in cleaning and separating your plastics, most end up in the trash anyway...Because... ”（无论你在清洁和分类塑料方面多么meticulous，大多数塑料最终都会被扔进垃圾桶……因为……）可知，下文指出来大部分塑料无法回收的结果，并在第二段给出了解释和说明；同时根据三、四段主要内容可知，文章主要在围绕塑料可被回收和不可回收的话题展开，故第一段起到了引出话题的作用。故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据第一段“There’s a certain sense of accomplishment that comes from carefully sorting soda bottles, plastic bags and yogurt cups from the rest of the garbage.”（仔细地把汽水瓶、塑料袋和酸奶杯从其他垃圾中分类出来，会有一种成就感）可知，人们会觉得只要很仔细用心地把塑料分类，就会有好的效果；结合划线词所在句“No matter how meticulous you are in cleaning and separating your plastics, most end up in the trash anyway.”（无论你在清洁和分类塑料方面多么meticulous，大多数塑料最终都会被扔进垃圾桶）可知，事实是大多数塑料最终会被扔进垃圾桶，无论你怎么仔细用心分类，故“meticulous”表示“用心的、留心的”。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 2018 alone, the United States landfilled 27 million tons of plastic and recycled a mere 3 million, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.”（根据美国环境保护局的数据，仅在2018年，美国就填埋了2700万吨塑料，而回收的塑料仅为300万吨）和“Of the 6.3 billion tons of plastic that have been discarded around the world, only about 9 percent has gotten recycled. Another 12 percent has been burned, and almost 80 percent has piled up on land or in waterways.”（在全世界被丢弃的63亿吨塑料中，只有约9%被回收利用，另有12%的垃圾被烧毁，近80%的垃圾堆积在陆地或水道上）可知，目前全世界的塑料垃圾问题很严重，急需减少塑料垃圾。故选B。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The difficulties of recycling plastic into anything manufacturers want to use is a big reason why the world is littered with so much plastic waste, says Eric Beckman, a chemical engineer at the University of Pittsburgh. ”（匹兹堡大学的化学工程师Eric Beckman说，将塑料回收成制造商想要使用的任何东西的困难，是世界上充斥着如此多塑料垃圾的一个重要原因）及二、三段具体描述的许多塑料不可回收和可回收的原因可知，本文主要讲述了为什么许多塑料不可回收的原因。故选D。
9．C 10．B 11．A 12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了超加工食品虽然好吃又方便，但却会损害身体健康，提高患肥胖、心脏病、糖尿病的风险，而且新研究发现，如果每日摄入的超加工食品超过卡路里总量的20%，就会导致你的认知能力下降。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Eating ultraprocessed (超加工) foods for more than 20% of your daily calorie intake everyday could set you on the road to cognitive (认知) decline, a new study revealed.(一项新研究显示，每天食用超加工食品超过每日卡路里摄入量的20%，可能会导致认知能力下降。)”和第四段“In fact, men and women who ate the most ultraprocessed foods had a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline compared with people who ate the least amount of overly processed food, the study found.(事实上，研究发现，与食用最少过量加工食品的人相比，食用最多超加工食品的男性和女性的整体认知能力下降速度快28%，执行功能下降速度快25%。)”可知，关于吃超加工食品的新发现是它可能会降低人们的认知能力。故选C项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“While in need of further study and more experiments(虽然还需要进一步的研究和更多的实验)”以及“and stress the important role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases as we get older(并强调了适当的营养在保护和促进大脑健康、降低随着年龄增长患大脑疾病的风险方面的重要作用。)”故可猜测，新的结果非常令人信服，划线单词compelling为“令人信服的，有说服力的”意思，结合选项B项Convincing.“令人信服的”，意思一致。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段中“While in need of further study and more experiments, the new results are quite compelling and stress the important role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases as we get older(虽然还需要进一步的研究和更多的实验，但新的研究结果相当引人注目，并强调了适当的营养在保护和促进大脑健康、降低随着年龄增长患大脑疾病的风险方面的重要作用。)”可推知，关于鲁迪·坦兹我们能知道他是赞成这项研究的。故选A项。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In Brazil, ultraprocessed foods make up 24% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s, Burger King and we eat a lot of chocolate and white bread. It’s not very different, unfortunately, from many other Western countries.(在巴西，超加工食品占总热量摄入的24%至30%。我们有麦当劳，汉堡王，我们吃很多巧克力和白面包。不幸的是，它与许多其他西方国家并没有太大的不同，)可推知，Dr. Claudia对西方国家的卡路里摄入持担忧的态度。故选B项。
13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国温州医科大学生物医学工程师Fei Liu的研究团队发明了一种从微小体积的眼泪中获得液囊的新方法，以此来检测人类的疾病。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Human tears could carry a flood of useful information. With just a few drops, a new technique can spot eye disease and even signs of diabetes (糖尿病), scientists report July 20 in ACS Nano.(人的眼泪可以携带大量有用的信息。7月20日，科学家在ACS Nano杂志上报道，只需几滴，一项新技术就可以发现眼部疾病，甚至是糖尿病的迹象。)”可知，人类的眼泪在检测疾病方面很有用。故选B。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段的“So Liu’s team invented a new way to obtain the sacs from tiny volumes of tears. First, the researchers collected tears from study participants. Then, the team added a solution containing the tears to a device and within minutes, the technique lets small molecules (分子) escape, leaving the sacs behind for analysis.(因此，Liu的团队发明了一种从微小体积的眼泪中获得液囊的新方法。首先，研究人员收集了研究参与者的眼泪。然后，研究小组将含有泪液的溶液加入到一个设备中，几分钟内，这项技术就能让小分子逃逸，留下囊状物供分析。)”可知，第4段主要讨论了得到液囊的过程。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段的““This is just the beginning,” he says. “Tears express something that we haven’t really explored.”(“这仅仅是个开始，”他说。“眼泪表达了我们还没有真正探索过的东西。”)”可知，Luke Lee认为对眼泪研究的未来是有前景的，故选D。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Human tears could carry a flood of useful information. With just a few drops, a new technique can spot eye disease and even signs of diabetes (糖尿病), scientists report July 20 in ACS Nano.(人的眼泪可以携带大量有用的信息。7月20日，科学家在ACS Nano杂志上报道，只需几滴，一项新技术就可以发现眼部疾病，甚至是糖尿病的迹象。)”和第四段的“So Liu’s team invented a new way to obtain the sacs from tiny volumes of tears.(因此，刘的团队发明了一种从微小体积的眼泪中获得囊的新方法。)”可知，本文主要讲的是中国温州医科大学生物医学工程师Fei Liu的研究团队发明了一种从微小体积的眼泪中获得液囊的新方法，以此来检测人类的疾病，因此最好的题目是C选项“A New Technology Uses Human Teardrops to Spot Disease.(一项新技术利用人类的眼泪来发现疾病。)”，故选C。
17．C 18．A 19．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些适合母亲节的礼物。
17．细节理解题。根据Bloom & Wild Flower Subscription部分中“ 104 for six months, Bloom & Wild(六个月104英镑，Bloom & Wild)”可知，Bloom & Wild花店订阅六个月是104英镑，故订阅一年是208英镑。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据The Body Shop Rose Quartz Gua Sha Stone部分中“The practice of gua sha is rooted in ancient Chinese medicine but became the number one western beauty trend in 2020 after influencers and beauty editors alike were crazy about how it made their faces appear more attractive.(刮痧源于中国古代医学，但在2020年成为西方美容的头号潮流，因为网红和美容编辑们都疯狂地认为刮痧能让自己的脸看起来更有吸引力)”可知，刮痧由于其美容功效在2020年变得流行，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据Fitbit Inspire 2部分“It’s a common misconception that you have to break the bank to buy a fitness watch, but this Fitbit watch suggests otherwise. For less than 50...(一个常见的误解是，你必须倾家万金才能买一块健身手表，但这款Fitbit手表却表明情况并非如此。花不到50英镑……)”可知，Fitbit Inspire 2的特殊之处在于它价格合理。故选B。
20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了29岁的杰森·沃诺克(Jason Warnock)在汽车事故中英勇救人的故事。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段“In a close-up (特写), one man is pulling the other with all his strength through the window of an SUV, a type of vehicle, which is stuck dangerously on a cliff (悬崖) 30 feet above a busy roadway.”（在一个特写镜头中，一名男子正用他所有的力量把另一名男子从一辆SUV越野车的窗户里拉出来，这辆车卡在繁忙道路上方30英尺的悬崖上，很危险。）可知，马修·西特科的越野车被发现时在悬崖上。故选A项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When Warnock got to the car, he tried breaking the window with a tool he had on him, only to realize that his cracking was shaking the car and might cause it to slip down the hill.”（当沃诺克到达车旁时，他试图用随身携带的工具打破车窗，但却意识到他的破裂震动了汽车，可能会导致汽车滑下山崖。）可知，沃诺克不再打破窗户是因为他意识到可能的后果。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“According to the Lewiston police chief, the accident was caused when Sitko, who suffered only minor injuries, lost control of his car.”（据刘易斯顿警察局局长说，这起事故是由于西特科失去对汽车的控制造成的，他只受了轻伤。）可知，事故的原因是那辆SUV失控了。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据第三段中“That’s when Warnock sprang into action. He crossed a nearby footbridge, and climbed up the cliff to get to the vehicle. When Warnock got to the car, he tried breaking the window with a tool he had on him, only to realize that his cracking was shaking the car and might cause it to slip down the hill. He stopped and turned to calming Sitko enough to get him to open the window. “Give me your hand,” Warnock said. “If this thing goes, I want to have a hold of you so I can at least get you out of there.””（这时沃诺克开始行动起来。他穿过附近的一座人行天桥，爬上悬崖，走向那辆车。当沃诺克到达车旁时，他试图用随身携带的工具打破车窗，但却意识到他的破裂震动了汽车，可能会导致汽车滑下山崖。他停了下来，转过身去安抚希特科，让他打开窗户。“把手给我，”沃诺克说。“如果这事发生了，我想抓住你，这样我至少可以把你救出来。”）可推知，沃诺克是关心他人和行为果断的。故选C项。
24．B 25．A 26．B 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的孙子Connor从认为草书很老派到喜欢上、并学习草书的故事。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Connecting all the letters in a word in an unsteady flow and, with my own personal style struck me as excellent fun, and I was a natural (把一个单词里所有的字母连在一起，以一种不稳定的流动，用我自己的风格，给我带来了极大的乐趣，我是天生的)”推知，作者在学写草书方面具有天赋。故选B。
25．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Connor coached me on computers’ new advantages and possibilities, but instead indicated that cursive was old-school. (Connor指导我了解计算机的新优势和可能性，但他表示草书是old-school)”中表示转折的but和逗号前部分的new可知，作者的孙子在教作者新优势的同时，指出草书是老派的、守旧的。因此划线词意为“老派的”，与conventional同义。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据第三段“One day, something changed. When Connor was about 8, he watched me as I penned a letter to a friend. “How do you do that ” he asked. I was taken aback. How, indeed I. said I’d been taught and that I’d had lots of practice. “Can I learn it ” he asked immediately. Sports, especially soccer, were Connor’s passions. When he was at school, he hadn’t shown much interest in anything but art class, where he excelled. Connor saw cursive as a fascinating new art form. When I asked him recently what he remembered about his boyhood fascination with cursive, he said in a simple way, “It was just different and odd. I wanted to do it.” (有一天，事情发生了变化。Connor8岁左右的时候，他看着我给一个朋友写信。“你是怎么做到的？”他问道。我大吃一惊。真的是怎么回事？我说我受过教育，而且我做了很多练习。“我能学吗？”他立刻问道。运动，尤其是足球，是Connor的爱好。当他在学校的时候，他对艺术课没有表现出太大的兴趣，在那里他表现出色。Connor认为草书是一种迷人的新艺术形式。最近，当我问他，他还记得童年时对草书的迷恋时，他简单地说：“这很不一样，也很奇怪。我想这么做。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了Connor是如何对草书感兴趣的。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So I hope that cursive handwriting will continue to reach and attract children, at least some of them, as my grandson was motivated when he saw me writing to my friend in cursive. (因此，我希望草书能继续吸引孩子们，至少其中一些孩子，因为我的孙子看到我用草书给朋友写信时很有动力)”可知，作者希望草书能吸引更多的孩子。故选A。
28．B 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了爱尔兰的几个花园。
28．细节理解题。根据Brigit’s Garden中的“This is an educational area and it provides tours and walking groups with lessons for the local schools. (这是一个教育区，它为当地学校提供旅游和步行团体的课程。)”可知，在Brigit’s Garden可以在体验教育，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据Bellfield Garden中的“It has been listed as one of the best 10 gardens in Ireland and has an impressive water feature. (它被列为爱尔兰最好的10个花园之一，拥有令人印象深刻的水景。)”可知，Bellfield Garden以水景闻名，故选C。
30．推理判断题。 根据第一段“What are the best gardens