人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Words and Expressions 课件(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Words and Expressions
1. moral adj.道德的;道义上的　n.品行;道德;寓意　
morally adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地　
immoral adj.不道德的;邪恶的
moral dilemma /sense /values 道德困境/感/价值
Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate.
其他人则认为它们在政治上是正确的，在道德上是恰当的。　
她描述了自己拍摄这部电影时面临的道德困境。
She describes her own moral dilemma in making the film.
in a dilemma 进退两难;左右为难
place sb in a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地
例：They try to find a way out of their dilemma.
他们试图摆脱困境。
We are in a dilemma of whether to move or not.
搬家还是不搬，我们左右为难。
2. dilemma n.困境;进退两难的境地
3. entrust vt. 委托; 交付
　 _____ vt/n. 信任; 信赖
______ v./n. 不信
____ n. 信任; 信心
trust
distrust
faith
entrust sb. with sth. =entrust sth. to sb.
把某事委托给某人
en-进入;使...
en+n.=v.
en+adj.=v.
enable , enlarge
encourage , endanger
4. virtue ['v t u ]: n. 高尚的道德; 美德; 优秀品质;优点，优势
5. illustrate[ l stre t]vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图
illustration n.说明，插图
illustrator n. 插图画家；说明者；图解者
by/in virtue of sth. 凭借；依靠；由于；因为
有关“carry”的高频搭配：
carry out 实施；履行；执行
carry on (with sth/doing) 继续；参与
carry through sth 成功完成，顺利实现
6. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关
她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了难关。
Her encouragement and support helped carry me through.
她需要一个清醒的头脑来执行命令。
She needed a clear head to carry out her instructions.
You'll wear yourself out if you carry on working so hard.
We don't have the confidence that the U.N. will carry through the programme.
7. marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
marry v. (和某人) 结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb
married adj. 已婚的；结婚的
be married (to sb) （与……结婚）【表状态】
get married (to sb) (与……结婚） 【表动作】
She was a very strict Christian who was married to her job...
the perfect marriage of rice and milk
________（marry) for 14 years, they show great devotion and loyalty to each other.
例：Many people have expectations of what marriage will be like.
许多人对婚姻生活抱有憧憬。
Married
(1)a/the majority of... 大多数…(v.的单复数取决于of后的n.）
例句：The majority of people around here are decent people.
这儿的大多数人都是正派人。
be in the/a majority 占多数
It is reported that young people are in the majority in online shopping.
(2)major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 专业 vi. 主修
major in 主修……
例句：他的专业是物理。
反义词：minority n. 少数
minor adj. 次要的；较少的；轻微的
8. majority n. 大部分；大多数
His major is physics.
He majors in physics.
The ________ (major) of the citizens in that region have been affected by social media.
An agreement (协议) seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members ________ (be) against it.
In college I _________ (主修) Natural Science. What was your major
Ding Zhen is from a ___________(minor).
单句语法填空/完成句子
majority
are
majored in
minority
9. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
(1)complain (to sb. )about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
complain (to sb.) that+句子 (向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n. 抱怨
make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
词性变化积累
v．＋-t→n.
weigh称重→weight重量
join连接→joint接头
1.I’ve made a __________ (complain) to the police about the noise.
2. She ____________________ (向我抱怨说) no one could tell her the feature of the house.
3. We should think about how to deal with the problems instead of ________________________________________________ (抱怨别人的错误).
complaint
complained to me that
complaining / making a complaint about others’ mistakes
10. respond vt.回答；回复　vi.做出反应；回应
respond to sb/sth　回答，回复；对……做出反应
Like any other public servants, police must respond to the public demand.
像其他任何公务员一样，警察必须对公众要求作出反应。
response n．反应；回答；回复
in response (to...) 作为(对……的)答复/反应
make a response (to...)(对……)做出回应/反应
After all, knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly ________ emergencies.
He knocked on the door but there was no ________ (respond).
The government is due ________ (make) its formal response to the commission’s proposals in two months.
Beckham’s spokesman told the BBC he had no comment to make _______ response.
to
response
to make
in
12. hire vt.聘用；雇用；租用 n.租界;租用
hire sb to do 雇用某人做某事
for/ on hire 供出租;出租 All the car were already out on hire.
be in the hire of sb 受雇于某人
11. scholarship n.奖学金
-ship 抽象n.后缀 : friendship membership
13. physician n.医师，内科医生
physics n.物理学
physical adj.身体的;物质的 spiritual adj.(反)精神上的
surgeon n.外科医生
hired adj.受雇的
14. appoint vt.任命；委派；安排；确定
appoint sb as/to be 任命某人为...
appoint sb to do 委派某人做某事
appointment n.任命；约定；约会
by appointment 按照约定
make an appointment with sb 与某人预约/约会
We must appoint somebody to finish the tough task.
If you suffer from frequent headaches, make an appointment with a doctor as soon as possible.
He will only see visitors by appointment.
15. elect vt.选举；推选
elect sb as/to be 选举某人为...
elect to do 决定/选择做某事
election n.选举；当选
elected adj.当选的
Henry was elected as our monitor in the election of our class yesterday. As our monitor, he can elect to manage our class by himself, and he can alse elect some classmates to help him manage it.
16. tend vt.照顾；照料　vi.倾向；趋于
tend (to) sb./sth. =attend to sb./sth. 照料/护理某人；照管某物
tend to/towards do sth. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事
她丈夫生病期间，她无微不至地照顾他。
She tended (to) her husband carefully during his illness.
人们年纪大时往往会发胖。
People tend to get fat when they grow older.
词语积累：
tendency n．趋势；倾向
a tendency to do sth.做某事的倾向
There is a growing tendency to regard money more highly than quality of life.
越来越多的人倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。
17. retire vi. & vt.退休；退职；(因伤)退出(比赛等)
retire from... 从……退休
retire as... 从……职位上退休
retire from office/service 退职/退役
e.g.
Some people feel lonely after retiring from their post because their previous work contacts may be all gone.
有些人退休后感到孤独，因为他们以前工作中的熟人可能都不再联系了。
He was forced to retire because of his bad health.
由于健康不佳，他不得不退休。
retired adj.退休的，退职的
a retired teacher一位退休教师
retirement n．退休，退职
take early retirement提前退休
retiree n.退休人员；歇业者
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Has it been announced that David Beckham is to retire ________ football at the end of this season
②We all wish you a long and happy _________ (retire).
③The other day a ________ (retire) couple came to my office.
④He decided to retire from the world after his busy life ______ an actor.
⑤My father ____________ (从……退休) the army three years ago.
retired
as
retired from
18. staff n.员工；全体职员
集合名词：集合名词指整体时被看作单数名词；集合名词指整体的构成分子时被看作复数名词。
如：
可单可双：family(家庭), class(班级), staff
只有复数：police(警察), cattle(牛), people
只有单数：equipment, furniture, machinery,clothing(衣服), jewelry(珠宝)，luggage(行李)
The staff is a family.
全体职员是一个家庭。
The staff are interested in his lecture.
职员们对他的讲座都很感兴趣。
stuff n.东西，物品
19. scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
从那以后，他变得非常害怕蜘蛛。
After that he became very scared of spiders.
他们太累了，也太害怕失败了。
They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.
我非常害怕，以至于不知如何是好。
I was so scared that I didn’t know what to do
be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕某物
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
be scared that... 害怕……
(1) scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 n. 惊吓
It scares sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感到害怕
scare... away/off 吓走/吓跑…
scare sb. into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death把某人吓得要死
(2)scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的 a scary movie 恐怖电影
①When we are getting excited, angry or _______ (scare), our bodies also go through many physical changes.
②The atmosphere was _______ and we felt ________ staying in the room. (scare)
③We were all scared _______ (go) to the cemetery.
④She was __________________ (害怕进入) the yard because she was __________________ (害怕被咬) by the big dog lying at the gate.
scared
scary
scared
to go
scared to enter
scared of being bitten
a sharp drop in the prices 价格________
a sharp knife 一把_______刀
a sharp contrast _______对比
sharp eyes ______视力
19. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
暴跌
锋利的
鲜明的
敏锐的
a sharp increase
a sharp tongue 说话刻薄
be sharp with 对……说话刻薄
a sharp sense of humour 很强的幽默感
a sudden sharp pain 突然的剧痛
(1)sharply adv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地
fall sharply急剧下降
(2)sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利
归纳拓展：
①Unfortunately, I cut my foot on a sharp stone and caught my hair on a branch. _________
②A man with sharp eyes sat opposite her. _________
③The above two pictures have shaped sharp contrast to each other. _________
④He was very sharp ________ his colleagues when they were late.
⑤His popularity has fallen ________ (sharp) for a second month.
⑥This book also serves readers who simply want ___________ (sharp) their analytical skills.
即学即练　写出下列句中sharp的含义/单句语法填空
尖的
强烈的
敏锐的
to sharpen
20. operation n．手术；企业；经营
常用词块：
do/perform an operation (on sb.) (给某人)做手术
in operation 工作中；有效
put sth. into operation 实施
词语积累：
operate vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作
operator n．操作员，经营者
He's still recovering from his operation.
The system has been in operation for six months.
①The family tended the old lady so carefully that she recovered from her heart ________ (operate) soon.
②The new system has been ___ operation for six months.
③The unit is comparatively(相对地) easy to install and cheap _________ (operate).
④He must become a skilled radio ________ (operate) and be able to repair his own equipment.
⑤The surgeons decided to _______________________________(给……做手术) the victims in the accident at once.
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
operation
in
to operate
operator
perform an operation on/operate on
21. replace vt.接替；取代；更换
replace A with/by B 用B代替A
这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。
The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.
代替
replace
in place of
instead of
take the place of
22. whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper about sth. 密谈某事
whisper sth. in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
People are whispering that…= It is whispered that... 有人私下说…
in a low whisper = in a low voice 低声说
“I never thought I'd see this place,” he said in a whisper.
It is strange that they should love to whisper about things perfectly not nice.
It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.
23. import n.进口；进口商品 vt.进口；输入；引进
export n.出口；出口商品 vt.出口；输出；传播
im-,in- ① “不，无，非” ② “向内，进入”
impossible 不可能的
incapable 无能力的
imprison 监禁
indoor 户内的
ex- ①“出去” ②“前面的”
exchange
expand
exceed超出
ex-wife
imported exported adj.
24. assist vt.帮助；援助
医生能帮助你治疗小病。
A doctor can assist you with a minor illness.
我们将不遗余力地协助他解决这个问题。
We will spare no efforts to assist him in solving this problem.
进行手术能够促进老人尽快康复。
Conducting an operation will assist the old man to recover quickly.
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/援助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
(1) assistance n．帮助，援助，支持
(2) assistant n．助手，助理 adj. 助理的，副的
25.first aid
在我看来，掌握急救的基础知识很重要。
From my perspective, it is of great significance that we (should) have a basic knowledge of first aid.
越来越多人认为，掌握急救的基础知识很重要。
An increasing number of people hold the belief that/are convinced that great significance should be attached to having a basic knowledge of first aid.
with the aid of= with the help of
26. memory n．记忆力；回忆
in memory of 纪念……
have a good/bad memory (for) 记忆力好/差
memory loss 失忆
He set up an educational fund in memory of his late mother.
他为了纪念他已故的母亲而设立了一个教育基金。
I have a memory for those things, but as time went on, who remember me
那些事我曾有记忆，但是随着时间的流逝，谁还记得我呢？
Momery loss isn’t the only warning sign, however.
不过，记忆丧失不是唯一的特征。
memorable adj.难忘的
memorize n.
27. disguise vt.装扮；假装；掩盖 n.伪装，化妆用具
disguise oneself as 装扮成
disguise a fact 隐瞒事实
(be) in disguise 伪装；化妆
speak without disguise 毫不掩饰地说
see through his disguise 看穿他的伪装
You'll have to travel in disguise.
The emperor disguised himself as avillager.
Even your next-door neighbour didn't see through your disguise.
pretend v. 假装;假扮
pretend to be
28. tear v.撕碎；拉伤；狂奔；（眼睛）流眼泪；
n.泪水；哭泣（tears）；裂口，破洞
in tears 流着泪
burst into tears = burst out crying
burst into laughter = burst out laughing
tear- tore- torn
She left the room in tears so I went after her.
After hearing the bad news, she burst into tears.
29. harm n.& vt. 伤害；损害
be of great harm 危害极大的
do harm to sb./sth. （=do sb./sth. harm）对某人/某物有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm in (one’s) doing sth. = There is no harm (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事无妨/无害
harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to … 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的
be harmless to… 对……无害
I mean no harm - only to keep you from failing.
1. The court case will do serious harm _____ my business.
2. Staying up too late will be ____ great harm to one’s health.
3. They are not always willing to take on untrained workers, but there’s no harm _____ asking.
4. Water is not an effective shield against the sun’s more _______ (harm) rays.
to
of
in
harmful
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子
30. a great deal (of) 大量 修饰不可数名词
(1)a great deal of＋n.[U]大量的……
(2)a great deal大量，非常
尽管困难重重，我付出的努力和她给予的鼓励最终帮我渡过难关。
Despite/In spite of a great deal of hardship, my efforts as well as her encouragement carried me through at last.
He has matured a great deal (=much) over the past year.
经过过去这一年，他成熟了许多。
many, several (几个), a couple of (几个，两三个), (a) few (一些), a great/good many, a good/great/large number of +可数名词
much, (a) little, a large amount of, amounts of, a great deal of +不可数名词
a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of (谓语用复数), plenty of +可数/不可数
根据后接可数还是不可数的量词总结分类
31. flexible adj.灵活的；变通的
_________ n. 灵活性; 变通性
_______ adv.灵活地
flexibility
flexibly
32. tension n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
_________ adj. 紧张的；拉紧的；n. 时态
_______ adv.紧张地
tense
tensely
1. illustrate v.（举例） ________ adj. __________ n.
2. entrust n.（交付） ______ v./n（相信，信任）
3. marriage n. _________ v. （结婚）
4. majority n.（大多数）______n./v（专业；主攻） _________（反义词） a. 少数的
5. complain n. __________ v.（抱怨）
6. respond v. ________ n. 回复
7. union n. _______ v. 联合
8. scholarship n. （奖学金）_________n. 学者
9. physician n. （内科医生）_________ n. （物理学家） _______ n. （物理）_________ a. （身体上的）
10. reject v. __________ n. 拒绝
11. appoint v. 任命 ___________ n. 任命；约会
12. elect.v __________ n.选举
illustrative
illustration
trust
marry
major
minority
response
complaint
physicist
unite
scholar
rejection
appointment
election
physics
physical
14. publish v. 出版_________ a. 公众的
15. retire v. _________ n. 退休
16. saving n. （节省；存款）______ v.营救；节约
17. scare v. _______ a. _______ a. 吓人的
18. energetic a. （精力充沛的）________ n.精力
19. replace v. ___________ n.更换，取代
20. operation n. ________ v. 手术
21. assist v. __________ n. （帮助） ________ n.助理
22. memory n. _________ v. __________ adj. 值得纪念的
23. harm n. _______ a. 伤害
24. flexible a. _________ n. _________ ad.灵活
25. income n. 收入 _________ n.（结果）
26. sharp a.锋利的 ______ v.变锋利的 _________ n. 卷笔刀
public
retirement
save
scared
scary
energy
replacement
operate
assistant
assistance
memorize
harmful
flexibility
outcome
sharpen
sharpener
memorable
flexibly
①It is not a good idea to replace meals _____ snacks.
②Such software can __________ (replace) with commercial software or simply taken out of service.
③ There is something wrong with my car, so I decide to replace it with a new one.
→There is something wrong with my car, so I decide to use a new one __________ it.
单句语法填空/同义句转换
be replaced
in place of
with