综合检测(六)
Module 6 Old and New
(满分：150分；时间：120分钟)
Ⅰ.单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．In the last five years，we have experienced more ________ events than ________ periods in history.
A．historic；any B．historical；any
C．historic；any other D．historical；any other
2．(2013·成都高一检测)The old temple，________ the Three Gorges Dam，________ the Tang Dynasty.
A．faced；dates from
B．that faced；dated back
C．which faces；dated back
D．facing；dates from
3．(2013·浙江高考)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.
A．what B．where
C．when D．why
4．The plane，which was ________ by lightning，________ into a mountain and burst into flames.
A．crashed；struck B．struck；crashed
C．struck；hit D．hit；struck
5．Many children，________ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
A．their B．whose
C．of them D．with whom
6．The new dining hall built a few months ago is large enough to________ over 200 people.
A．provide B．define
C．include D．accommodate
7．(2013·涪陵高一检测)The big building ________ construction will be a shopping mall.
A．in B．under
C．over D．during
8．My mother asked me to ________ the dirty dishes from the table after dinner.
A．remove B．refuse
C．replace D．reduce
9．However I tried to read it，this sentence just doesn't make ________.Could you explain it to me?
A．sense B．meaning
C．thought D．idea
10．—Which mobile phone should I choose for my girlfriend?
—________，because you know her taste.
A．It just depends B．All right
C．It's up to you D．Glad to hear that
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
I am a good mother to three children.I have tried never to let my profession __11__ in the way of being a good parent.
I no longer consider myself the __12__ of the universe.I show up.I listen.I try to laugh.I am a good friend to my __13__.I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约) __14__ what they say.I am a good friend to my friends，and they __15__ me.Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here's what I wanted to tell you today：Get a __16__.A real life，not a desire of the next __17__，the bigger paycheck，the larger house.
Get a life in which you are not __18__.Find people you love，and who love you.And remember that love is not __19__，it is work.__20__ the phone.Send an e-mail.Write a letter.And realize that life is the best thing and __21__ you have no business taking it for granted.
It is so easy to __22__ our lives，our days，our hours，and our minutes.It is so easy to exist __23__ to live.I learned to live many years ago.Something really，really __24__ happened to me，something that changed my life in the way that，if I had my choice，it would never have been changed at all.And what I learned from it is what，today，seems to be the hardest __25__ of all.
I learned to love the __26__，not the destination.I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it，completely and totally.And I tried to do that，in part，by telling others what I had learned.
By telling them __27__：Read in the backyard with the sun on your face.Learn to be happy.And think of life as a deadly __28__，because if you do __29__ it ought to be lived，you will live it with joy and __30__.
11．A.come B．stand
C．take D．block
12．A.body B．star
C．center D．planet
13．A.child B．husband
C．mother D．friend
14．A.mean B．express
C．concern D．convince
15．A.for B．of
C．with D．to
16．A.job B．family
C．life D．home
17．A.promotion B．success
C．baby D．accomplishment
18．A.busy B．guilty
C．immature D．alone
19．A.game B．fun
C．enthusiasm D．leisure
20．A.Pick up B．Take up
C．Hold up D．Get up
21．A.whether B．what
C．/ D．that
22. A．waste B．spend
C．kill D．pass
23．A.in favour of B．instead of
C．in spite of D．in honour of
24．A.nice B．fierce
C．bad D．great
25．A.decision B．method
C．life D．lesson
26．A.trip B．journey
C．tour D．travel
27．A.this B．that
C．it D．follows
28．A.routine B．acquaintance
C．illness D．enemy
29．A.as if B．how
C．as D．than
30. A．delight B．sorrow
C．anxiety D．passion
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
Researchers have uncovered a village that may have been home to the builders of Stonehenge(巨石阵)，the mysterious circular stone monument in England.The village of small houses dates back to about 2,600 BC.That's about the same time Stonehenge was built.
“Clearly，this is a place that was of enormous importance，”said researcher Mike Parker Pearson.
The ancient houses are at a site known as Durrington Walls，about two miles from Stonehenge.Researchers believe Stonehenge was a memorial site or cemetery for the villagers.The village also had a wooden version of the stone circle.It may have been used by people attending festivals at Stonehenge.
Eight of the houses have been excavated，or dug up.Researchers say there may be as many as 25 of them.The wooden houses were square and about 14 feet long each side.There are signs of bed frames along the walls and of a dresser or storage unit.The houses also had fireplaces.
Two of the houses were separate from the others and may have been the homes of community leaders.Researchers say those sites didn't have the debris(残骸) and household trash that was found in the other homes.Stone tools，animal bones，arrowheads and other artifacts were found throughout the village site.
31．The village is of great importance in that ________.
A．it was different from other villages of the time
B．it may have been home to the builders of mysterious Stonehenge
C．it may become an attractive tourist site
D．it had 25 old houses newly excavated
32．According to the text，what might not be found throughout the village?
A．A stone tool. B．An animal bone.
C．An arrowhead. D．An iron spade.
33．Which of the following is not true of the village?
A．There may be 25 of them already dug up.
B．The houses of the village were wooden and square.
C．There were signs of bed frames along the walls.
D．There were fireplaces.
34．The aim of this text would probably be ________.
A．to encourage more people to love research work
B．to advise people to protect ancient sites
C．to introduce a new discovery
D．to attract more visitors to come
B
The Global Heritage Fund organization recently released a list of cultural treasures in the developing world that are in danger of disappearing.These “On_the_Verge” places face many threats(威胁)．They include war，development pressures，stealing and misuse by visitors.The Global Heritage Fund says these places are important because they are records of our human civilization.And the group says countries can learn to use these treasures to help support responsible development in the future.
One such place is the town of Lamu.Lamu was once a very important trading center in East Africa.This ancient city became part of the United Nations World Heritage list in 2001.But it still faces threats.For example，a modern port might be built nearby.
Other endangered places include Ani，a city in Turkey，the town of Maluti in India，the ancient city of Ninevah in northern Iraq，the Sans-Souci palace in Haiti，and the former capital of Ayutthaya in Thailand.
The Global Heritage Fund is a nonprofit (非盈利的) organization based in California.The group says it only focuses on developing countries which often have few resources to protect places of cultural importance.And，other major cultural organizations often pay more attention to protecting places in the developed world.For example，the fund points out that the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization has forty-five World Heritage places in Italy.UNESCO has forty-two in Spain.But Peru，famous for its ancient Incan buildings，has only nine World Heritage places.Guatemala has only three.
The Global Heritage Fund says its new report tries to place a value on cultural places so that they can also be considered as economic resources.It estimates that by 2025，these places of cultural importance could produce one hundred billion dollars a year in income for developing countries.
35．The underlined part “On the Verge” in Paragraph 1 is used to show the places are ________.
A．popular B．famous
C．endangered D．dangerous
36．The town of Lamu faces danger from ________.
A．development pressures B．stealing
C．misuse by visitors D．a war
37．We can know that the Global Heritage Fund organization mainly ________.
A．protects places of cultural importance in developing countries
B．protects places of cultural importance in developed countries
C．provides resources to protect cultural places in every country
D．helps people know the importance of protecting cultural treasures
38．According to the Global Heritage Fund organization，saving the places of cultural importance ________.
A．has attracted a lot of attention worldwide
B．will start to benefit developing countries in 2015
C．is mainly to increase income of developing countries
D．can help developing countries make money out of them
C
The area south of the Thames，the longest river in England，at Greenwich has a long history.Throughout time different buildings have been constructed on the same site.The Palace of Placentia，an English Royal Palace built in 1447，no longer exists apart from a few remains under the present buildings.
The impressive buildings on the South Bank of the Thames at Greenwich were designed by the English architect Sir Christopher Wren.The buildings were finally completed in 1745，although some parts started to be used as early as 1705.They're now part of a university－having served as a naval(海军) hospital and a naval college and the setting for several cinemas.
But the buildings stand on a site which has a much longer history，of which now only a part remains and that is below the ground.For nearly two hundred years，from around 1450 to 1650，Greenwich was one of the main royal palaces of England.Some of the most famous English rulers，such as Henry Ⅷ and Elizabeth Ⅰ，not only lived there，but also had been born there.
Henry Ⅷ put an armoury (兵工厂) there，and there were also gardens and a mass of buildings.The Palace of Placentia was also in a strategic location，because at the time either side of Greenwich on the Thames were important places where ships were built and repaired.
Eventually，though，the Palace was in bad condition.In 1664，the King at the time，Charles Ⅱ，decided to replace it with completely new buildings in a modern style.Only a cellar(地窖) from the former Royal Palace now remains，under one of the new buildings.Its red brick，typical of the sixteenth century，contrasts sharply with the white stone above it.
Would you like to join us to have a good view of Greenwich?
39．The buildings on the South Bank of the Thames at Greenwich now ________.
A．are in need of repair
B．differ from those in the 16th century
C．were designed in the style of Elizabeth Ⅰ
D．are the most impressive buildings in England
40．According to the passage，when did the Palace of Placentia disappear from the ground?
A．In the late 1400s. B．In the early 1600s.
C．In the late 1600s. D．In the early 1700s.
41．Which of the following is TRUE based on the passage?
A．The longest river Thames in England is located south of Greenwich.
B．The buildings have a longer history than Greenwich.
C．The buildings at Greenwich were not available to the public until 1745.
D．Greenwich was the birthplace of both Henry Ⅷ and Elizabeth Ⅰ.
42．Where can we most probably read this passage?
A．In a science report. B．In a personal diary.
C．In a history textbook. D．In a travel magazine.
D
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
The National Gallery
Description：
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout：
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- to 15th-century paintings，and artists include Duccio，Uccello，Van Eyck，Lippi，Mantegna，Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings，and artists include Caravaggio，Rubens，Poussin，Van Dyck，Vel?zquez，Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th- to early 20th-century paintings，and artists include Canaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours：
The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free，but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There：
Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross (2-minute walk)，Leicester Square (3-minute walk)，Embankment (7-minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus ( 8-minute walk)．
43．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?
A．The 13th. B．The 17th.
C．The 18th. D．The 20th.
44．Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?
A．In the East Wing.
B．In the main West Wing.
C．In the Sainsbury Wing.
D．In the North Wing.
45．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?
A．Embankment. B．Leicester Square.
C．Piccadilly Circus. D．Charing Cross.
E
(2012·湖南高考)Harvard researchers have created a tough，low-cost，bio-degradable(可生物降解的)material inspired by insects' hard outer shells.The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.The material，made from shrimp(虾)shells and proteins produced from silk，is called “shrilk”．It is thin，clear，flexible and strong.
A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability.Plastic's toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and '60s.Decades later，however，plastic's very durability(耐用性)is raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags，or short-lived consumer goods，used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries.What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?
Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill，but its basic components are used as fertilizer(肥料)，and so will enrich the soil.
Shrilk has great potential，the inventors said.Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature，found in everything ranging from shrimp shells，insect bodies to living plants.That makes shrilk low cost，and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material.
Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab.The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet，so they're exploring ways to use it in wet environments.They're also developing simpler production processes，which could be used for non-medical products，like for computer cases and other products inside the home.They're even exploring combining it with other materials，like carbon fibers，to give it new properties.
46．Paragraph 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilk's ________.
A．remarkable design B．interesting name
C．major features D．basic elements
47．What has become a concern about plastic?
A．Using it properly.
B．Producing it cheaply.
C．Developing its properties quickly.
D．Evaluating its contributions fairly.
48．According to the inventors，shrilk has great potential partly because ________.
A．it can help plastic degrade
B．it can be found in living things
C．its mass production has been realized
D．its raw materials are abundant in nature
49．What are the inventors doing in the lab?
A．Replacing carbon fibers with shrilk.
B．Testing shrilk's use in wet conditions.
C．Making shrilk out of used household goods.
D．Improving shrilk's flexibility for medical purposes.
50．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Recent Progress in Environmental Protection
B．Benefits of Insects in Scientific Research
C．The Harm of One-time Products
D．A Possible Alternative to Plastic
Ⅳ.补全对话(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2013·南山中学高一月考)
—Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built?
—I simply don't know.
— 51
—He may have plans, but he hasn't yet spoken to me about them.
— 52
—Of course.Right now we can't produce goods quickly.People have to wait six months for their goods.
— 53
—It's hard to find land to build the new factory.But some people don't want good agricultural land to be built on.
— 54
—Our manager will persuade the government to let him build a new factory.
— 55
—I don't think so.We just have to trust our manager.
Ⅴ.阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion.Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games.The disappointment didn't stop her from going forward.Instead, she became interested in marathon swimming.A brilliant athlete, she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water.As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world's best long-distance swimmers.In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women's record for the course.In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida.Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.
Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978.Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rough and dangerous.After battling the water for two days, she had to give up for the sake of her own health and safety.Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed.For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reaching Cuba.That is how she defined success.It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.
When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she continued to try new things—travelling the world as a reporter, writing books and giving public speeches about her life.Diana Nyad works to inspire others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.
56．What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games? (within 5 words)
___________________________________________________________
57．What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean? (only 1 word)
___________________________________________________________
58．What achievement did Nyad make in 1970? (within 10 words)
___________________________________________________________
59．Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore? (within 10 words)
___________________________________________________________
60．Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad.(within 20 words)
___________________________________________________________
Ⅵ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Hi, everyone.Glad to be here.
As you know, in China, we call people bear between 1980 and 1989 the post-80s.I am a young guy who belonged to such a group.For our generation, life is getting more difficulty than the former generations.The job market is tough but the house is kind of expensive to afford.Now plenty of girls would prefer to marry man with a house and a car on his own.I don't think love built on houses and cars are true love.Thus, this is social reality that we have to face.
Though situations are tough today, many of us post-80s are making many effort to live a good life.Do you think we will make up life better and better in the future?
Ⅶ.书面表达(满分35分)
假如你叫李华，你的兄弟李强五年前去了美国学习。不久前，你收到他的一封电子邮件，询问近年来家乡的变化。请你根据以下要点，用英语给他回复电子邮件：
1．人民生活水平大大提高：居民乔迁新居，彩电、电脑、手机等应有尽有，甚至有些家庭有了私人轿车；
2．环境越来越好：新建了许多公园，拓宽了街道，处处绿树成荫；
3．希望他毕业后回国，为家乡建设出力。
注意：1.词数：120个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．电子邮件的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Li Qiang，
I'm glad to receive your e-mail.It has been five years since you left our hometown and went to America.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Li Hua
综合检测(六)
1．C 句意：在过去五年中，我们体验了比任何其他的时期都多的具有历史意义的事件。historic events“具有历史意义的事件”；any other periods“任何其他的时期”。
2．D facing the Three Gorges Dam 相当于which faces the Three Gorges Dam，在此作后置定语，修饰temple。date from 相当于date back to “起源于；追溯到”。
3．B 句意：博物馆将在春季开放，届时将有一个展览，还有一个观光平台，在这里参观者可以看到许多在建的大玻璃暖房。分析句子结构可知，________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built为定语从句，a viewing platform为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少地点状语，要用where引导，所以正确答案为B项。
4．B strike在此为及物动词，意为“打中；击中”，此处指“飞机被闪电击中”；crash在此为不及物动词，意为“猛撞；坠毁”，常与into/onto连用。hit “碰撞；撞击”，为及物动词，故排除C。
5．B 句意：许多远在大城市工作的父母的孩子在这个村子里得到了很好的照顾。children 为先行词，后跟的定语从句中缺少关系代词，指孩子的父母们，表示“……的”在定语从句中用whose＋n.或of which/whom＋the＋n.或the＋n.＋of which/whom，故选B 项。
6．D 句意：几个月前新建的餐厅大到能容纳200多人。accommodate “容纳；提供住宿”，符合句意。provide“提供”；define“下定义”；include“包括”。
7．B 考查介词。 under construction “正在建设之中”，符合句意。
8．A 考查动词辨析。句意：饭后我母亲让我拿走桌子上的脏盘子。remove移开，除去；refuse拒绝；replace代替；reduce减少。
9．A 句意：无论我多么努力阅读它，这个句子就是没有什么意义。你可不可以给我解释一下？只有make sense是惯用搭配，意为“有意义”。
10．C 考查交际用语。根据because you know her taste(因为你了解她的品味)可以判断出选C项表示“由你决定”。
【语篇解读】 作者告诉我们：要过真正的生活而不是简单地生存。真正的生活不是一个人的世界，而是有你爱的人和爱你的人生活的世界……
11．B stand in the way意思是“碍事，挡道”。“我”努力不让“我”的职业妨碍自己成为一个好母亲。
12．C 根据后面的内容可知，“我”不再将自己当成是宇宙的中心，即不再以自我为中心。
13．B 结合上下文尤其是后面句子中的marriage vows可知B项正确，即“我”是丈夫的好朋友。
14．A mean意思是“表示……的意思”，即“我”努力实践自己和丈夫的结婚誓约。
15．D 承接前面的I am a good friend to my friends可知此处为省略用法，即they are good friends to me。
16．C 根据后面的A real life可知，这里应该选life。
17．A 根据后面的the bigger paycheck，the larger house可知此处应指工作职位的提升，用promotion。真正的生活，不是对下一次的晋升、更高工资和更大房子的期望。
18．D 根据本句后面的内容，尤其是Find people you love，and who love you可知，真正的生活里不只有你，还有你爱的人和爱你的人。因此alone最恰当。
19．D 根据后面的it is work和空前的not可知空处的内容与work相反，故D项正确。leisure意思是“休闲”，其他选项不合语境。
20．A pick up意思是“拿起”。拿起电话(联系他们吧)。
21．D 这里的that引导的从句和前面一个that引导的从句是并列的宾语从句，作realize的宾语，不可省略，故答案为D。
22．A waste“浪费、白费”，常指浪费生命、时间、金钱等。
23．B instead of意思是“(是……)而不是……”，此处表示人很容易生存而不是真正地生活着。
24．C 根据后面的if I had my choice，it would never have been changed at all和本段最后一句中的hardest可知，发生的一定是很不好的事情。其他选项不合语境。
25．D lesson意思是“教训、经验”，即从今天看来，那是“我”受到的最大的教训。
26．B 与后面的not the destination相对应，即“我”学会喜欢旅程，而不是终点。
27．A this指代后面紧接着要说的话。
28．C 根据deadly“致命的”可知，选illness恰当。
29．C as表示“正如”。因为如果按照生活原本的样子来生活你就会活得快乐，充满激情。
30．D passion“热情、激情”，即快乐地、充满热情地生活。其他选项delight“高兴”，与前面的joy意义重复；sorrow“难过”；anxiety“焦虑”；均不符合语境。
31．B 事实细节题。由第一段第一句和第二段可知。
32．D 事实细节题。由最后一段最后一句可知D项未被提及。
33．A 事实细节题。由倒数第二段第一句可知A项符合题意。
34．C 推理判断题。全文介绍了研究人员在巨石阵附近的一个考古发现。
35．C 词义猜测题。根据第一段的in danger of disappearing以及face many threats可知画线部分是指这些古文化城市处于濒临消亡的险境。
36．A 细节理解题。根据第二段的For example，a modern port might be built nearby.可知Lamu这个古文化镇面临着新发展所带来的压力。
37．A 细节理解题。根据第四段的The group says it only focuses on developing countries which often have few resources to protect places of cultural importance.可知全球文化遗产基金会主要是致力于保护发展中国家的那些古文化城市。
38．D 细节理解题。根据末段的It estimates that by 2025，these places of cultural importance could produce one hundred billion dollars a year in income for developing countries.可知应选D。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国一座古老的城市——格林威治。
39．B 细节理解题。 由文章倒数第二段最后一句Its red brick，typical of the sixteenth century，contrasts sharply with the white stone above it可知，现在的建筑和16世纪时的建筑风格是不一样的。
40．C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段，在1664年，CharlesⅡ决定以新的建筑代替原来的宫殿，因此，这座宫殿应该是在17世纪后期消失的。故选C。
41．D 细节判断题。从第一段首句可知，格林威治坐落于英格兰最长河流泰晤士河南部，那么泰晤士河应该位于格林威治北部，A错误；第三段第一句表明格林威治的历史比建筑群更悠久，B错误；由第二段第二句可知，建筑于1745年完工，但是有一部分早在1705年就已投入使用，C错误；第三段末两句表明格林威治是两位统治者Henry Ⅷ和Elizabeth Ⅰ的出生地及居住所，D正确。
42．D 文章出处题。 由最后一段Would you like to join us to have a good view of Greenwich？可知，这篇文章应该出自一本旅游杂志，本文的目的是为了吸引大家去格林威治旅游。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。
43．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。
44．B 细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，达·芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达·芬奇的画。
45．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2-minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远。
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇科技说明文。文章就科学家发明的一种新材料为切入点，就该材料的特点、使用该材料的好处、新材料的发展潜力及其研发等各方面进行了简要的介绍说明。
46．C 段落大意题。第一段中的众多字眼，如tough，low-cost，bio-degradable，thin，clear，flexible和strong等均是用来描述这种新材料特点的。而关于它的设计并未提及；这种材料的名字在本段中有所涉及，但并非本段的中心；此外，本段简单介绍了制作这种材料的物质，并未大篇幅进行讲解，也不是本段的中心。
47．A 细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句话可知，塑料的耐用性让人们对如何合理、恰当地使用诸如塑料袋等一些一次性产品的问题开始关注。A项意为“恰当地使用”，是人们所关注的问题，符合题目要求。B项意为“便宜地生产”；C项意为“迅速发展其性能”，D项意为“公平地评估它的贡献”均未在文中提及。
48．D 细节理解题。从第四段中的“Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature...”一句可以看出，新材料的发明者之所以说这种材料很有潜力，主要是因为制作它的原材料在自然界中很容易找到，有大量的原材料可供使用。
49．B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“...they're exploring ways to use it in wet environments.”可知，现在研究者正在实验室对该种材料在潮湿环境下的应用进行探索和研究。
50．D 主旨大意题。A选项意为“在环境保护方面的最新进展”，题目太宽泛；B选项意为“科研中昆虫的好处”，并未提到新材料；C选项意为“一次性产品的危害”，尽管文章中有所涉及，但文章大部分的笔墨都是围绕这种新材料进行的描述，故该标题太片面；D选项意为“塑料的一种可替代品”，符合文章主旨。
51－55 DFGBE
56．A serious illness(did)．
57．Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges.
58．She swam a ten-mile marathon and set women's record.
Or.She swam a ten-mile marathon，setting the women's record.
Or.She set the women's record for a ten-mile marathon swimming.
59．Because she had tried her best(to fulfill the task)．
Or.Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba.
60．I am encouraged by her determination and strong will.
Or.I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed.
Or.From her I learned that once we set a goal，we should try hard to achieve it.
Or.We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure.
短文改错
第三句：bear→born 第四句：belonged→belongs 第五句：difficulty→difficult 第六句：but→and 第七句：marry后加a，on→of 第八句：are→is 第九句：Thus→However 第十句：effort→efforts 第十一句：去掉up
【参考范文】
Dear_Li_Qiang，
I'm_glad_to_receive_your_e-mail.It_has_been_five_years_since_you_left_our_hometown_and_went_to_America.
Now I'd like to tell you about some changes which have taken place in our hometown.The changes are so great that you will surely feel astonished when you come back.Our living conditions have been greatly improved.People have moved into big and comfortable houses or flats.Color TV sets，computers and mobile phones are very common in most families.Believe it or not，some families even have their own cars.Besides，our environment is getting better and better. The streets have been widened and many parks have been built. Trees have been planted in many places.In conclusion，people here are living a happy life.
I hope you will come back and make a contribution to developing our hometown after you graduate in America.
Li_Hua
课时作业(十一) Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The American ________(国内的) War lasted four years before the North won in the end.
2．The bus is large enough to ________(容纳) 50 passengers.
3．The book she is reading is based on ________ (历史的) events.
4．Please ________ (拿走) your bag on the seat so that I can sit down.
5．This is a ________ (窄) path leading to the mountainous area.
6．The city has been under ________ (建设) since last year.
7．The old temple ________(追溯)from the 18th century attracted tourists at home and abroad.
8．The main cause of ________(全球的) warming is human pollution.
9．Can you explain the ________(结构)of the sentence to me？I'm confused.
10．The fields had been ________(淹没) by flood water.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2013·福建高考)The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well-being and ________ dream of harmony，peace and development.
A．the；a B．a；a
C．a；the D．the；the
2．—Is that hall big enough？We have at least 200 guests.
—Sure.That's a hall which can ________ 400 people.
A．consist B．include
C．involve D．accommodate
3．Nowadays the power of the wind is being ________ to generate electricity.
A．harnessed B．made
C．produced D．exploited
4．(2013·自贡高一检测)Our friendship ________ our childhood has lasted for years.
A．dates back to B．dating back
C．dates from D．dating from
5．The soldiers soon reached ________ was once an old temple ________ the villagers used as a school.
A．what；where B．what；which
C．where；which D．where；what
6．(2013·绵阳高一月考)—Oh，what kind of ________ is it?
—A school，I think.
A．structure B．gorge
C．reservoir D．relic
7．His pale face suggested that he ________ ill and the teacher suggested that he ________ a doctor at once.
A．was；see B．be；saw
C．be；see D．was；saw
8．I often thought of my childhood，________ I lived on a farm.
A．which B．where
C．when D．who
9．—Did you find out what he was worried about?
—No，he's still ________ and doesn't want to tell me.
A．kept down B．kept up
C．held down D．held back
10．He worked day and night，and finally his dream ________ a teacher ________.
A．of becoming；was come true
B．of becoming；came true
C．to become；came true
D．to become；was come true
11．Many of the scenes of the ________ film were shot in the ________ city.
A．historic；historic B．historic；historical
C．historical；historic D．historical；historical
12．—I wonder why she was ________ from the typist post.
—Don't you know she can't ________ to that kind of work?
A．moved；match B．removed；suit
C．moved；equal D．removed；equal
13．As we expected，the advertising campaign ________ a lot of people's interest in our work.
A．generated B．gathered
C．operated D．reduced
14．The little girl was the only one who ________ escaped being killed in the traffic accident.
A．narrowly B．slightly
C．lightly D．nearly
15．—What did she think of the film?
—She said she ________.
A．had never seen a better one
B．had never seen so better one
C．has never seen a so good one
D．has never seen such a good one
Ⅲ.完形填空
That day，my parents were leaving for our hometown and I went to see them off.In fact，my father had never traveled by air before，so I just took this __1__ to make his experience wonderful.__2__ being asked to book train tickets，I got them air tickets.
The moment I handed over the tickets to him，he was __3__to see that I had booked them air tickets.The excitement was very __4__ on his face，waiting for the time of travel.We went to the airport together，__5__ the baggage，asked for a window seat and then waited for the security check-in.He was __6__ enjoying himself and I，too，was filled with joy watching him __7__ all these things.
As they were about to go in for the security check-in，he walked up to me with tears in his eyes and __8__ me.He became very emotional and it was not as if I had done something great，but the fact that this __9__ a great deal to him.
I felt surprised at his__10__.But later，thinking about the entire matter，I __11__ my life.
How many __12__ did our parents have？Did they __13__？Without understanding the __14__situation，we，as children，asked for cricket bats，dresses，toys，outings，etc.Did we ever think about the __15__ they had to make to realize our wishes？Did we ever say thanks __16__ they have done for us?
__17__ my dad saying thank you to me，I would want to say I'm sorry for __18__ him wait so long for this small dream.I do realize how much he has sacrificed for my __19__ and I will do my best to give the best possible __20__ to all their wishes.Being old does not mean that they have to give up everything.They have wishes，too.
1．A.trip B．opportunity
C．effort D．advantage
2．A.Instead of B．Though
C．Despite of D．In spite of
3．A.happy B．proud
C．surprised D．satisfied
4．A.obvious B．existed
C．aware D．ashamed
5．A.tested B．inspected
C．inquired D．checked
6．A.slightly B．thoroughly
C．gradually D．quickly
7．A.experiment B．experience
C．remind D．remember
8．A.hugged B．greeted
C．thanked D．kissed
9．A.applied B．contributed
C．appealed D．meant
10．A.condition B．behavior
C．situation D．state
11．A.looked back on B．looked down on
C．looked up to D．looked up at
12．A.aims B．goals
C．purposes D．dreams
13．A.come about B．come up
C．come true D．come to
14．A.financial B．physical
C．mental D．final
15．A.choices B．plans
C．attempts D．sacrifices
16．A.for which B．for what
C．to which D．to what
17．A.Without B．But for
C．Instead of D．Regardless of
18．A.getting B．making
C．keeping D．stopping
19．A.sake B．good
C．part D．benefit
20．A.attraction B．attention
C．devotion D．sacrifice
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The Hoover Dam，built in 1931，is named after the former President Herbert Hoover.The Colorado River made the dam necessary，which begins high in the Rocky Mountains.Heavy snow falls on the Rocky Mountains.The snow is so deep in some areas that it will stay on the around well into the hot days of summer.But the snow does melt.Cold ice water travels down the mountains and forms several rivers.These rivers link together and form the beginnings of the Colorado River which flows through，or provides water for the states of Wyoming，Colorado，Utah，New Mexico，Arizona，Nevada and California.Then it crosses the border into Mexico.
The Colorado River has always been extremely powerful.It created the huge Grand Canyon.The water cut hundreds of meters deep into the desert floor of Arizona.The Grand Canyon was cut into the desert floor beginning thousands of years ago.But the power of this river has been demonstrated(证实) in more modern times.Between 1905 and 1907，the Colorado River caused great amounts of flooding in parts of Arizona and California.In two years of flooding，the Colorado River filled the ancient lake called the Salton Sea.The flooding also flooded homes，towns and farming areas.Many people were forced to flee their homes.
In 1918，Arthur Davis advised the government to build a dam to control the Colorado River.He said the dam should be built in an area called Boulder Canyon on the border between the states of Arizona and Nevada.On November 24,1922，officials signed a document in New Mexico.
When the Hoover Dam was finished in 1936，it was the largest dam in the world.And it was the largest power producer that used water power to make electricity.Today this title needs discussing.But Hoover Dam is still a huge and interesting place.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The fun_ction of the Hoover Dam.
B．The history of the Hoover Dam.
C．The construction of the Hoover Dam.
D．The beautiful scenery of the Hoover Dam.
2．From Paragraph 1，we learn that ________.
A．the dam was built in the plain areas
B．the snow in the Rocky Mountains will not melt even in summer
C．the Colorado River flows through nine states
D．the water of the dam comes from the snow on the Rocky Mountains
3．The underlined word “flee” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．come from B．stay at
C．escape from D．rush-in
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．the Hoover Dam is no longer the largest one in the world today
B．there are few visitors to the Hoover Dam today
C．the dam is named after the former president
D．the construction of the dam took five years
Ⅴ.翻译句子
1．那座明朝修建的寺庙被地震毁掉了。(date from)
___________________________________________________________
2．只要你不断地尝试，你当作家的梦想会成真的。(come true)
___________________________________________________________
3．听到这个坏消息，他努力控制自己的眼泪。(hold back)
___________________________________________________________
4．他梦想有一天能在春晚(the Spring Festival Gala)的舞台上表演。(dream of)
___________________________________________________________
5．中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都大。(比较级表示最高级)
___________________________________________________________
课时作业(十一)
Ⅰ.1.Civil 2.accommodate 3.historical 4.remove 5.narrow 6.construction 7.dating 8.global
9．structure 10.submerged
Ⅱ.1.B 句意：“中国梦”是一个提升人民幸福感的梦想，也是一个和谐、和平以及发展的梦想。根据题意可知此句把“中国梦”诠释为“一个……的梦想”，而不是特指哪一个梦想，因此两个空都须用不定冠词a。
2．D 考查动词词义辨析。答句句意：当然。那个大厅能 容纳400人。consist组成；include包括；involve使卷入；accommodate容纳。结合句意可知D项切题。
3．A 根据句意可知，此处指利用风力发电，故选A。harness “利用(自然之力)”；exploit “开发、开采(煤炭等自然资源)”；B, C两项和generate的意思重复。
4．D 句意：开始于我们儿童时期的友谊已持续多年。根据句子结构要填的部分在句中作定语，所以可以排除A、C两项；date back后接时间段，所以排除B项。
5．B 第一空所填词引导的是reach的宾语从句，在这个从句中，要求引导词能作主语；第二个空需填入定语从句的引导词，先行词temple在定语从句中作动词use的宾语，符合条件的只有B项。
6．A 句意：——哦，那是一座什么建筑呢？——我觉得是所学校。structure此处意为“建筑物”符合题意。gorge“峡谷”；reservoir“水库”；relic“遗迹”。
7．A 句意：他苍白的脸说明他生病了，老师建议他马上去看医生。suggest 意为“表明”时，宾语从句中谓语动词的时态与suggest保持一致；意为“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形，故选A。
8．C 句意：我经常回想起我的童年时代，那时我住在一家农场里。childhood 是表示时间的先行词，且定语从句中不需要宾语，故用关系副词when引导。
9．D 句意：——你弄明白他在担心什么了吗？——不知道，他还是有所保留，不愿告诉我。hold back 在此意为“隐瞒”，符合句意。keep down控制，压制； keep up 保持； hold down 控制，抑制。
10．B “……的梦想”是dream of...；come true实现，不能用于被动语态，所以B项正确。
11．C historical指与历史有关的；historic指具有历史意义的。根据句意可知答案为C。
12．D be removed撤职；equal to胜任。
13．A 句意：正如我们预料的那样，广告战使很多人对我们的工作产生兴趣。generate意为“引起，使产生”，符合题意。gather“收集”；operate“操作”；reduce“减少”。
14．A narrowly在此表示“勉强地，以毫厘之差”。nearly几乎；slightly稍微； lightly轻轻地。
15．A 答语的意思是她说她从未看过这么好的电影，此处是比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义，言外之意是这是她看过的最好的电影。
Ⅲ.1.B 根据上文“my father had never traveled by air before”可推断，作者要利用这次机会使父亲有美好的体验。 take this opportunity表示“抓住这个机会”。
2．D 句意：虽然被告知订火车票，但我还是给他们买了飞机票。though是连词，后接句子；despite of应把of去掉；instead of与句意不符。
3．C 根据上文“In spite of being asked to book train tickets”可知此处表示父亲看到机票十分惊讶。
4．A 根据下文“He was ________ enjoying himself.”可知，父亲是既惊讶又激动。obvious“明显的，显而易见的”； exist是不及物动词。
5．D check the baggage意思是“检查行李”。test“测试，试验”；inspect“视察”；inquire“询问，查问”。
6．B 根据上文“The excitement was very ________ on his face.”及下文“...and I，too，was filled with joy.”可知答案。
7．B 作者看着父亲体验所有这些新奇的东西很高兴。
8．C 该题属于后置性设空，根据最后一段第一句话可知答案。
9．D 主语是物所以选D项，表示：这一切对他来说意味着很多。
10．B 根据上文可知，作者对父亲的行为感到很惊讶。condition“条件”；situation“情况，状况”；state“状态”。
11．A 根据下一段可知答案。look back on“回忆，回想起。”
12．D 根据最后一句中的“They have wishes...”可知答案是dreams。 aim“目的，目标”；goal“(努力等的)目标，目的，目的地”；purpose“目的，意图”。
13．C 句中they指的是dreams，所以答案是come true。
14．A 根据后文“...we，as children，asked for cricket bats，dresses，toys，outings，etc.”可知，此处是不了解家庭的经济状况。
15．D 根据最后一段中的“I do realize how much he has sacrificed.”可知答案，make sacrifices“牺牲”。
16．B say/express thanks to sb. for sth.“因某事对某人表示感谢”。
17．C 不是父亲对我道谢，而是我要对父亲说抱歉。
18．B 四项分别用于：make sb. do sth.；get sb. to do sth.；keep sb. doing sth.; stop sb. (from) doing sth.，根据wait及上下文可知B项正确。
19．A for my sake“为了我”。
20．B attention“关心，关注”；attraction“吸引”；devotion“致力于，献身”；sacrifice“牺牲”。
Ⅳ.1.B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲了胡佛水坝的历史。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句到第六句可知，大坝的水来源于落基山脉上的雪。
3．C 词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，科罗拉多河经常泛滥并且淹没村庄、城镇以及农田，所以许多人被迫离开他们的家乡。此处flee表示“逃离”。
4．A 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句话可推断出，胡佛大坝如今已不是世界上最大的大坝了。
Ⅴ.1.The temple dating from the Ming Dynasty has been broken in the earthquake. 2.If you keep on trying，your dream of becoming a writer will come true.
3．At/Hearing the bad news，he tried to hold back his tears. 4.He dreams of performing on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala. 5.China is larger than any other country in Asia.
课时作业(十二) Cultural Corner & Writing
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．An ________ (巨大)building was built along the river.
2．On a ________(大雾)day，you'd better not go out.
3．On the ________ (观察台)on the mountain，you will see the whole city clearly.
4．The plane ________(坠毁)into a mountain and the passengers on it were injured.
5．It's very cold today；the temperature has dropped to the ________ (冰冷的)point.
6．What a ________ (荒唐的)suggestion！To go such a far place on foot!
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．You must bring ________ end to this silly behavior，otherwise you are in ________ great trouble.
A．the；a B．the；the
C．/；the D．an；/
2．In my opinion，what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn't make any ________.
A．meaning B．idea
C．sense D．point
3．You can't be careful enough to drive on the ________ road in ________ weather.
A．freezing；frozen B．freezing；freezing
C．frozen；freezing D．frozen；frozen
4．(2013·德阳高一调研)The doctor thought ________ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A．this B．that
C．one D．it
5．________ you have seen both fighters，________ will win?
A．Since；do you think who
B．As；who you think
C．When；whoever
D．Since；who do you think
6．(2013·广元高一检测)He often thinks out some ________ ideas so he is often laughed at by others.
A．important B．necessary
C．ordinary D．ridiculous
7．He waited ________ the fog disappeared and he was able to return home later.
A．when B．before
C．as D．until
8．From her ________ expression，I knew she hadn't expected I would ask her such an ________ question.
A．astonished；astonishing
B．astonishing；astonished
C．astonished；astonished
D．astonishing；astonishing
9．(2013·济南高一检测)My friend showed me round the town，________ was very kind of him.
A．which B．that
C．where D．it
10．Mr.Wang，our headmaster，is now________.You can't find him at school.
A．on holiday B．in holiday
C．on a holiday D．in a holiday
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Are you tired？Do you often catch colds and flu？If so，you might consider changing your sleep habits.Good health demands good sleep.Studies have shown that most people need eight hours of sleep each night.Americans，however，on average，get only seven hours.One-third of us get just six hours，and good health is not simply a matter of how much sleep you get，but also the type of sleep you get.
Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep allows your body to grow and repair itself.During NREM sleep，your muscles relax.Your heart rate and breathing rate decrease.Your eyes roll slowly back and forth then they stop moving.Most of the sleeping you do is NREM sleep.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep restores your brain.During REM sleep，you dream.You may not remember every dream，but every time you sleep，you dream.Your eyes move back and forth quickly.Your breathing rate and heartbeat increase.Your muscles become paralyzed (麻痹的)．About 25 percent of your sleep is REM sleep.You need enough of both kinds of sleep to be healthy.
Is it a real concern if you don't get enough good sleep？It certainly is.Poor sleep puts you and others at risk.More than 100,000 car accidents are caused each year by drivers who nod off (打盹)．Almost D|S100 billion is lost yearly in the business and environmental field.People deprived_of sleep have been factors in the Challenger space tragedy，the Exxon Valdez oil spill (溢出)，and the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident.So do yourself and everyone around you a favour.Don't cheat yourself out of good sleep!
1．This passage is mainly about ________.
A．why people dream
B．what happens during REM sleep
C．why people catch colds and flu
D．the importance of sleep
2．Most sleep at night is ________.
A．NREM sleep
B．REM sleep
C．good quality sleep
D．sleep that makes you become paralysed
3．“Good sleep” can be described as ________.
A．getting about eight hours of the two types of sleep
B．sleeping soundly through the night
C．getting more than seven hours of sleep each night
D．having sleep that prevents accidents
4．The underlined phrase “deprived of” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A．not wanting B．stopped from having
C．trying to get D．asking for
B
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival(节日) of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh.The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness，Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交响乐团)．It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge(挑战) to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University，and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”，once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre，music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts.And yet as early as 1959，with only 19 theatre
groups performing, some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator(行政人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself.In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries.More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
5．What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A．To bring Europe together again.
B．To honor heroes of World War Ⅱ.
C．To introduce young theatre groups.
D．To attract great artists from Europe.
6．Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
A．They owned a public house there.
B．They came to take up a challenge.
C．They thought they were also famous.
D．They wanted to take part in the festival.
7．Who joined the “Fringe” after it appeared?
A．Popular writers.
B．University students.
C．Artists from around the world.
D．Performers of music and dance.
8．We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival________.
A．has become a non-official event
B．has gone beyond an art festival
C．gives shows all year round
D．keeps growing rapidly
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．那架飞机在山中坠毁。(crash)
___________________________________________________________
2．人们正在为结束环境污染而战。(bring an end to)
___________________________________________________________
3．你刚才说的有道理。(make sense)
___________________________________________________________
4．他独自抚养这个孩子真是太难了。(形式主语)
___________________________________________________________
5．你认为谁将派去那儿工作？(疑问词＋插入语＋陈述句)
___________________________________________________________
课时作业(十二)
Ⅰ.1.enormous 2.foggy 3.observatory
4. crashed 5. freezing 6.ridiculous
Ⅱ.1.D 考查冠词。句意：你必须立刻结束这种愚蠢的行为，否则，你将陷入很大的麻烦中。bring an end to “结束；终止”；in trouble “处于麻烦中”。
2．C 句意：依我看来，刚才他告诉我们的关于这件事的话没有任何意义。make sense“讲得通；有道理；有意义”。其他选项均不与make搭配构成此意。
3．C 第一空填frozen表示“结冰的”；第二空填freezing表示“极冷的”。故答案为C。
4．D 代词 it的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查it作形式主语，it在这里代指后面的真正主语to have a holiday。
5．D since引导状语从句，附带说明原因。do you think是插入成分，其余部分是宾语从句，作think的宾语；由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who(不用whom)。
6．D 句意：他经常想出一些荒唐的主意，所以经常被别人嘲笑。ridiculous荒唐的，符合句意。important重要的；necessary必要的；ordinary普通的。
7．D until在句中引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”。when表示“当……的时候”；before表示“在……之前”；as表示“随着……”。
8．A 句意：从她那吃惊的表情我看得出，她没有料到我会问她如此令人吃惊的问题。astonished指“(人)吃惊的”；astonishing指“令人吃惊的”。
9．A 句意：我朋友带我参观了这座城镇，这真是太好了。分析句子结构可知，此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
10．A on holiday在休假中，符句句意。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文主要论述了睡眠的重要性。
1．D 文章第一段讲述了健康与睡眠的时长和类型有关，文章第二、三段介绍了两种睡眠方式，最后一段说明睡眠不足所带来的害处，因此全文的中心是睡眠的重要性，故答案选D项。
2．A 根据第二段最后一句“Most of the sleeping you do is NREM sleep”可以得出答案。
3．A 由第一段第四句“Studies have shown that most people need eight hours of sleep each night”，和第二段最后一句“You need enough of...to be healthy”可知，好的睡眠要两种睡眠方式，故A项正确。
4．B 文章最后一段主要是说明睡眠不足所带来的危害，由此推断“People deprived of sleep”应该是指睡眠不足的人，故正确答案为B项。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。1947年一群艺术界的著名艺术家在一位奥地利指挥家的带领下，决定在爱丁堡举办国际艺术节来使整个欧洲在二战后再团结起来。没想到这个艺术节得到了许多人的青睐，并迅速发展。
5．A 细节理解题。根据第一段的The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.可知答案为A项。
6．D 细节理解题。根据第三段的．..in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years.可知一些没被邀请的剧团是自己想参加艺术节，故答案为D项。
7．B 细节理解题。从第四段可知答案为B项。
8．D 推理判断题。从最后一段的一系列数据可知答案为D项。
Ⅳ.1.The plane crashed in the mountains. 2.People are fighting to bring an end to the pollution of the environment. 3.What you said just now made sense. 4.It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own. 5.Who do you think will be sent to work there?
