四川高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含答案）

阅读理解
Wearing a beautiful fragrant cloud organza (香云纱) costume designed by herself, Kathrin von Rechenberg chatted with neighbors in a “hutong” or traditional alley, in the Qianmen area of central Beijing, where she runs a clothing studio. Born in Munich, Germany, Rechenberg was so attracted by this delicate, classic Chinese silk at first sight and touch that in 1999 she came to China in search of it.
In order to learn more about this silk and seek design inspiration, she paid several visits to a dyeing (草木染) plant in Guangdong’s Shunde. “The production of fragrant cloud organza involves more than 30 times of dyeing and natural drying at each interval. After the dyeing, the organza needs to stand for years before the entire process is completed and it can be used, making the silk precious.”
Rechenberg has always insisted on sticking to originality in her designs. She draws inspiration from geometric (几何) lines and architectural shapes and reduces unnecessary tailoring to preserve the original art design as much as possible. “Western costume designers are used to presenting beauty through complex design and tailoring, but I just follow the lines and fabric (织物的) colors,” Rechenberg said.
Rechenberg was awarded the title of friendship ambassador of China’s textile intangible cultural heritage in 2020. Meanwhile, her own brand, Rechenberg Art Couture, has become increasingly popular. “I have gained a better understanding of the traditional Chinese culture over the past two decades in China and learned to pursue harmony with nature. I will continue to study Chinese culture and history,” she said.
1．Why did Rechenberg come to China in 1999
A．To set up a clothing studio. B．To search for a specific silk.
C．To find inspiration for design. D．To experience the local culture.
2．What makes fragrant cloud organza valuable
A．Significant production time and unique techniques.
B．Complex tailoring and beautiful patterns.
C．Natural dyeing process and fragrant smell.
D．Original art designs and various colors.
3．What’s special about Rechenberg’s design
A．It features superior tailoring skills.
B．It draws inspiration from Chinese history.
C．It combines Chinese and Western styles.
D．It respects the properties of clothing materials.
4．Which of the following best describe Rechenberg
A．Enthusiastic and brave. B．Smart and inspiring.
C．Considerate and careful. D．Devoted and principled.
I look forward to my half-hour train ride to work every morning. I can look out of the window as it twists and turns itself through neighborhoods with the sun casting its strong light on the floor of the train car. I sometimes get lost in thought while following the light. But the reason I love this ride is that it’s a reminder of how neighborhoods can change from block to block.
For almost a year now I have been. riding this train as I head into the office where I work as a reporter for a local magazine. I am one of 13 journalists who help report community news in areas that are often forgotten. And for me,that means covering areas like the one I grew up in.
Last week as I was on the way to my office, I started wondering how neighborhoods have changed since the 2008 housing crisis. I searched addresses on the city’s southwest side, a neighborhood that has seen a significant number of residential homes pulled down. I scanned the street views recorded on my phone and saw how the neighborhood looked in 2007. Then I set out to visit the city block, and that’s when I met 3-year-old Harmony.
Harmony loved collecting rocks for me to hold as I walked down the street with her mother, Marquita. I already knew what the neighborhood looked like in the past, but Marquita shared more details of the people who once lived on her block, who were really friendly to each other. However, people today in the neighborhood are busy with life and seldom say hello to each other. Marquita has lived on this block her entire life, and Harmony has for most of her short life as well. But the neighborhood that Marquita grew up in will be one that is obviously different from the one Harmony will grow to know.
In the end, they smiled at my camera. And then I got back on the train and headed back to the office to tell their stories.
5．What makes the author love his train ride to work
A．Being lost in thought.
B．Admiring the outside views.
C．Enjoying the warm sunshine.
D．Knowing the change of blocks.
6．How did the author find out what the city’s southwest side looked like in the past
A．By reading earlier reports.
B．By interviewing local people.
C．By watching past street views.
D．By searching his memories.
7．How might Marquita feel when she talked with the author
A．Nervous. B．Sad. C．Touched. D．Guilty.
8．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To tell us the work of a news reporter.
B．To share a pleasant train ride with us.
C．To show us a crowded community.
D．To introduce a new neighborhood.
The Chicago Botanic Garden opened more than 45 years ago as a beautiful place to visit, and it has matured into one of the world’s great living museums and conservation science centers.
Group Visit Packages
Garden Package
$41 per person
One activity/tour of your choice
Private dining area for one hour and lunch
Tours
Grand Tram Tour
35-minute guided tour departs on the hour starting at 10 am
Travels 2. 6 miles and shows the entire Garden grounds, including such highlights as 81 acres of lakes, nine islands, and beautiful gardens
Maximum capacity of 76 people
Available during peak season (April-October)
Activities
Butterflies & Blooms
For $6 more per person, put yourself in a habitat filled with more than 500 butterflies native to South America and North America. From late May through early September, 10 am — 5 pm. This visit takes approximately 20 minutes.
Model Railroad Garden
For $6 more per person, add a unique adventure to your package: 15 model trains journey coast-to-coast across bridges, through tunnels, and past miniature (微型的) scenes of America’s favorite landmarks. From mid-May to late October, 10 am—5 pm. This visit takes approximately 30 minutes.
Specialty Tours
Library Tour
This tour package includes a rare book viewing, a library tour, and an exhibition tour. Maximum 30 people per tour. This tour takes approximately 50 minutes.
Garden Highlights Walking Tour
On this tour, you will be taken to a garden in full bloom. Areas for touring are determined on the day of your visit and are based on blooms and the group’s capacity to walk. This tour takes approximately 35 minutes.
9．What do we know about Grand Tram Tour
A．It has no time restriction.
B．It offers eight tours a day.
C．It is available all year round.
D．It limits the number of visitors.
10．How much should you pay to enjoy the wonderful scene of butterflies
A．$6. B．$20. C．$41. D．$ 47.
11．Which of the following can help you learn about landmarks in America
A．Library Tour. B．Model Railroad Garden.
C．Butterflies & Blooms. D．Garden Highlights Walking Tour.
Nuclear bombs. That’s the go-to answer for incoming space objects like asteroids (小行星) and comets as far as Hollywood is concerned. Movies like Deep Impact and Armageddon rely on nuclear weapons, delivered by stars like Bruce Willis, to save the world and deliver the drama.
But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous in-coming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft.
That’s just what NASA did on Monday evening, when a spacecraft headed straight into an asteroid called Dimorphos, which is around 7 million miles away and poses no threat to Earth. It’s about 525 feet across and orbits another larger asteroid.
In images streamed (传输) as the crash neared, the egg-shaped asteroid grew in size from a little spot on screen to have its full rocky surface come quickly into focus before the signal went dead as the craft hit right on target.
Events happened exactly as engineers had planned, they said, with nothing going wrong. “As far as we can tell, our first planetary defense test was a success,” said Elena Adams, the mission systems engineer, who added that scientists looked on with “both terror and joy” as the spacecraft neared its final destination.
The crash was the peak of NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), a 7-year and more than $300 million effort which launched a space vehicle in November of 2021 to perform humanity’s first-ever test of planetary defense technology. It will be about two months, scientists said, before they will be able to determine if the crash was enough to drive the asteroid slightly off course, probably shortening its original orbit.
NASA plans to launch an asteroid-hunting space telescope named NEO Surveyor in 2026. “We’ve tracked lots of space rocks, especially the larger ones that could cause extinction-level events. Thankfully, none currently threaten Earth. But many asteroids the size of Dimorphos haven’t yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city if they came crashing down,” explains Lindley Johnson, NASA’s Planetary Defense Officer.
12．Why does the author mention the movies
A．To make a prediction. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To provide a possibility. D．To make a comparison.
13．What can we infer from the passage
A．NASA pushed Dimorphos by crashing.
B．The 7-year program has drawn a conclusion.
C．NEO Surveyor has tracked lots of space rocks.
D．Dimorphos could cause extinction-level events.
14．Which statement does Lindley Johnson most possibly agree with
A．Larger asteroids will not be a threat to Earth.
B．NASA should shoulder the responsibility for the crash.
C．Asteroids like Dimorphos are more destructive than other larger ones.
D．NEO Surveyor is expected to discover asteroids the size of Dimorphos.
15．What is the best title of the passage
A．The impact of planetary defense technology B．A threat to Earth from asteroids
C．The contribution to space safety D．An intentional crash in space
Thanks to in-depth reporting by The Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don’t think they can attain.
While the information the journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen’s interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress caused by Instagram.
Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.
While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for refusing to give data that would hurt its business. Have you ever binge-watched a Netflix series I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were inactive, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be
While it’s reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it is almost impossible to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) — as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.
Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus of experts noting the damage new media could cause young viewers.
Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. It’s more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.
16．What does the author think of the criticisms against Instagram
A．They address the mental pain caused by Instagram.
B．They are not directed at the fundamental problem.
C．They are only based on the data released by Facebook.
D．They are effective in changing teens’ interest in addictive apps.
17．Why is Netflix mentioned
A．To defend why Facebook is to blame.
B．To show Netflix does more harm to teens.
C．To suggest the critics’ remarks are not to the point.
D．To compare the criticisms against it and Facebook.
18．Why is the Instagram problem essentially a “people problem”
A．People have a tendency to feel insecure online.
B．People are keen on making up their self-profile.
C．It is human nature to get addicted to social media.
D．Users decide on their experiences on social media.
19．What is the passage mainly about
A．The fierce criticism faced by Facebook.
B．The harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers.
C．The alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide.
D．The root of mental sufferings caused by Instagram.
Architects all over the world have pushed the limits and broken boundaries when it comes to designing sports stadiums. Here are four of the most incredible stadiums across the globe.
Olympic Stadium (London, England)
The Olympic Stadium, often referred to as the “London Stadium”, was built within the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park over the course of three years for the London 2012 Summer Olympics. It seats 80,000 people and cost $809 million to create. When the exterior lights up at night, it is truly a magnificent sight.
Beijing National Stadium (Beijing, China)
With a volume of three million cubic meters, the Bird’s Nest seats 91,000 people and is often considered the largest enclosed space in the world. Construction of the stadium began in December 2003 and finished in March 2008. The entire project cost an estimated 423 million dollars!
Heinz Field (Pittsburgh, the United States)
The Heinz Field began its construction in 1999 after the previous arena was torn down. The massive stadium cost $281 million to build and included 12,000 tons of steel to represent Pittsburgh’s history of steel production and the structure seats 68,000 people.
Amsterdam Arena (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
The largest stadium in the Netherlands, the Amsterdam Arena was built from 1993 to 1996 and cost more than $160 million to create. The stadium seats about 54,000 people. The classy and effortlessly cool design was unlike anything built during that time.
20．Which stadium has the largest capacity
A．Olympic Stadium. B．Beijing National Stadium.
C．Heinz Field. D．Amsterdam Arena.
21．What do we know about Heinz Field
A．It was built within a park.
B．It is a concrete-brick structure.
C．It was unique in style at that time.
D．It lies on the site of an old stadium.
22．Where can the text be found
A．In a history book. B．In a fiction book.
C．In an architecture magazine. D．In a biography.
Just as human beings have to learn to speak, birds also have to learn how to sing. They do this in several stages.
First, they practise tones and sounds, which can be compared to the baby stage in human language development. Then, birds practise their song for eight to nine months, until memory and practice match up. The singing is strengthened during the final stage.
Humans and birds both appear to go through a stage when the brain is particularly receptive to learning language or song. This is why birds have to hear other birds of their own species sing while they are still young, otherwise, they won’t be able to produce much more than a whistle later on.
So do birds sing with an accent Birds don’t all sing the same songs, not even within a species. Although the members of each bird species share a vocabulary of sounds, dialect differences are quite common. Among yellowhammers, a distance of a few hundred metres is enough for the birds’ song to change. The individual dialects are learnt while the birds are still chicks in the nest—just as children adopt the dialect of their parents. The young birds always sing as well or as badly as their teachers, because the adults on which they model themselves vary in style and talent from region to region.
Some bird species have more than 60 dialects, and many singers can be described as multilingual. Males that master several dialects have a better chance of finding a mate since females prefer mates from the same dialect family. Bird dialects also help to drive evolution, because different songs cause the formation of new sub-species and eventually even completely new species.
23．How do young birds gain the skill of singing
A．By matching singing with their inborn memory. B．By practicing tones and sounds to their best.
C．By imitating the birds of their own species. D．By trying hard to produce many whistles.
24．Why do birds sing with an accent
A．They are receptive to learning different songs. B．They have different vocabulary of sounds.
C．Their parents have different sounding features. D．Their talents in singing vary individually.
25．Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “model”
A．Follow an example. B．Work as a model.
C．Change dialects. D．Show respects.
26．What’s the benefit of birds’ mastering several dialects
A．Scaring enemies away. B．Enriching language varieties.
C．Enlarging territories. D．Promoting mating and evolving.
Over the past century, more than a few great writers have expressed concern about humanity’s future. In Brave New World (1932), the British author Aldous Huxley pictured a near-perfect society in which unhappiness and aggression had been removed out of humanity through a combination of genetic engineering and psychological conditioning.
It might surprise you to hear this, but these things have already happened. Now we are living in a world in which a handful of high-tech companies are not only monitoring much of our activity, but are also invisibly controlling more and more of what we think, feel, do and say.
Take Google, the biggest and the best search engine. It gives us exactly the information we are looking for, almost instantly and almost always in the first position of the list after we launch our search—the list of “search results”. And that ordered list is so good, in fact, that about 50 per cent of our clicks go to the top two items, and more than 90 per cent of our clicks go to the 10 items listed on the first page of results. Seconds later, the decision we make or the opinion we form is determined by that short list we are shown, even though we have no idea how the list was generated.
Of course, Google decides which of the billions of web pages it is going to include in our search results, and it also decides how to rank them. However, how it decides these things is a deep, dark secret—one of the best-kept secrets in the world, like the formula for Coca-Cola.
The technology that now surrounds us is not just a harmless toy; it has also made possible undetectable and untraceable control of entire populations. If we choose to ignore this, we do so at our own risk.
27．Why does the author mention the book Brave New World
A．To introduce the book. B．To lead in the topic.
C．To arouse readers’ interest. D．To get readers into thinking.
28．According to the passage, how does Google invisibly control us
A．By monitoring what we are searching. B．By offering us a wealth of information.
C．By presenting what it would like us to see. D．By ranking the research results by importance.
29．How does the author sound when discussing the problem
A．Cautious. B．Worried. C．Humorous. D．Curious.
30．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．The New Mind Control. B．A Bad Choice of Technology.
C．Connecting Through the Internet. D．A Double-edged Sword.
Kathy Sullivan and an underwater explorer named Victor Vescovo dived 10,915 meters below the surface of the Pacific Ocean in a submarine(潜艇), making the 68-year-old ex-astronaut the first woman ever to reach that depth and Vescovo the only person to have dived to the place three times. Dr. Sullivan was among the first women to join NASA as an astronaut. In 1984，she took part in a 3.5 hour spacewalk and became the first American woman to take part in activities in space outside of a spacecraft. But she has also intended to contribute something to the ocean. After she left NASA in 1993, she began working for NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) as its chief scientist.
The goal of the submarine dive was the Mariana Trench, the deepest valley in the ocean floor. And its deepest part, also the deepest point on Earth is known as Challenger Deep that is nearly 11 kilometers below the surface of the ocean.
At present, there’s only one submarine called Limiting Factor in the world that can take two people down that far. It was built for Vescovo. Last year, Vescovo used it to map the deepest points in all five of the world’s oceans. He is the first person to have done this. Because it’s so hard to get down to Challenger Deep, before Dr. Sullivan, only seven people had ever reached it. This time, the two spent about an hour and a half at the bottom, taking pictures of the area to be used for Sullivan’s studies. The time is required to adjust to the changing pressure from the weight of the water above, and it took four hours for the submarine to come back to the surface. After that, they made a phone call to the International Space Station (ISS) to compare ideas with the astronauts about what was similar between their experiences. For Dr. Sullivan, this experience was a “once-in-a-lifetime day”.
31．How many times had Vescovo dived to Challenger Deep before Sullivan
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
32．Which of the following can best describe Sullivan
A．Ambitious. B．Considerate.
C．Modest. D．Cautious.
33．Why did it take Sullivan and Vescovo 4 hours to return to the surface
A．They mapped the deepest points.
B．They took pictures in the submarine.
C．They phoned the ISS to exchange ideas.
D．They had to deal with the water pressure.
34．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．For the Deepest Ocean Dive B．The Deepest Point on Earth
C．From Space to the Ocean Deep D．A Once-in-a-lifetime Day
A great amount of dark, sticky tar (焦油) was reported along Israel’s coast last week. An offshore oil tanker is believed to have leaked out.
The floating oil can form tar balls as it is pushed by wind and waves on the ocean’s surface. After a violent storm, the tar balls were seen ashore. Israel has about 190 kilometers of beaches. The tar has already had a big effect on the local wildlife. Volunteers were working quickly to rescue sea birds, turtles, and fish. Some animals were covered in oil or tar. Others had swallowed it. The body of a young whale was found washed up on shore. The whale appeared to have died after swallowing a black oily liquid.
The government has asked people to avoid going to the beach, since tar exposure can make people sick and do harm to the skin. A number of volunteers had to be taken to the hospital after breathing in the air polluted by chemicals from the tar.
Experts from Israel and Europe are still trying to figure out exactly what happened. The leak is believed to have taken place about a week ago, when there were strong storms in the area. Israel believed that a ship leaked tens or even hundreds of tons of oil in the Mediterranean. Experts are working together to review satellite images (图像) of ships that passed through the area, and they have a list of about 10 ships that are the most likely ones to leak out.
The Israel Nature and Parks Authority warned that the “consequences will be seen for years to come.” Israeli environmental minister Gila Gamliel said on Saturday that there is no more floating oil visible off Israel’s coast, “which is a very animative condition.” However, the ministry warned that large waves are forecast this week. The waves could carry the sticky tar from beach to beach, which could make cleanup efforts more difficult.
35．What brought the tar balls to the shore
A．An oil ship. B．The sea animals.
C．A strong storm. D．The floating oil.
36．What can be learnt about the oil tanker leak
A．When it took place hasn’t been sure. B．Israel has found out the cause of it.
C．Who’s responsible for it is unclear. D．Volunteers have tried hard to stop it.
37．What does the underlined word “animative” in the last paragraph mean
A．Challenging. B．Natural. C．Rare. D．Encouraging.
38．In which section of a newspaper is this text most likely to appear
A．Health. B．Environment. C．Science. D．Trade.
The World’s Most Popular Art Museums
Musee du Louvre in Paris, France
The largest and perhaps the most famous art museum in the world, this relic is best known for being the home of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa.
On a regular day, the Louvre would host up to 15,000 guests and display as many as 380,000 precious objects—a truly symbolic institution that has remained beloved by artists, art critics, and art-lovers alike for over 228 years.
Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, USA
Informally referred to as “The Met,” this American art museum has 17 departments and over 2 million works within its permanent collection.
Opened in 1870, this slightly more contemporary museum contains works by the likes of Edgar Degas, Vincent van Gogh, Jackson Pollock, and Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze. It also houses the world’s oldest grand piano!
Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy
Before becoming a world-class art museum, Uffizi Gallery was a governmental building whose name means “offices” when translated to English.
Constructed between 1560 and 1580 and designed by Giorgio Vasari, this historic building houses Michaelangelo’s only free-standing painting, “Doni Tondo” and is visited by an average of over 2 million foreigners every year. If you ever find yourself there, don’t forget to search for the secret Vasari Corridor which stretches over the Ponte Vecchio river.
Tate Modern in London, England
Last but certainly not least on this list is the crowning glory of England’s art galleries, the Tate Modern where ever art lovers want to play Australian online games now. Founded by sugar businessman Henry Tate in 1897 Liverpool, the innovative (革新的) Tate displays symbolic works by more progressive artists such as Salvador Dali, Picasso, Rothko, Duchamp, and Parreno.
39．What is the most famous treasure in Musee du Louvre
A．The Met. B．Mona Lisa. C．Doni Tondo. D．Vasari Corridor.
40．Of the following art museums, which is the oldest
A．Musee du Louvre. B．Uffizi Gallery. C．Tate Modern. D．Metropolitan Museum of Art.
41．What can people do at Tate Modern
A．Learn to make sugar. B．Enjoy traditional works.
C．Play online games. D．Play the oldest piano.
In Mombasa on the coast of Kenya is a place called Haller Park. People flood there to see 180 local species of plants and trees, and a variety of animals including hippos and giraffes.
In The Book of Hope: A Survival Guide for Trying Times, Jane Goodall discusses the park as an example of how our injured Earth can be restored and healed. At one point the park was “a large and frightening five-hundred-acre scar (伤疤) where almost nothing grew” because a cement (水泥) company dug large amounts of stone out of the ground. The company decided to repair the damage. Year by year, by growing flowers, fruit and vegetables and with introduction of wild animals, the area was changed.
It’s extremely important, Jane Goodall says in the book, that people — especially young people — know how positive action can still turn around the frightening path of climate crisis, biodiversity loss, and the ongoing global pandemic (疫情). “It’s mostly because people are so overpowered by our stupidity that they feel helpless,” Goodall states. They need to hear stories of “the people who succeed because they won’t give up.”
Jane Goodall is one of those people herself. She is the world’s leading chimpanzee (黑猩猩) expert; UN Messenger of Peace; winner of the 2021 Templeton Prize; activist through the Jane Goodall Institute and its many projects that help local communities and the environment; and author of numerous books, the first of which, In the Shadow of Man, celebrates its 50th anniversary this year.
Goodall speaks plainly and effectively throughout the book. As troubling as this current pandemic is, “we must not let this take our attention away from the far greater threat to our future — the climate crisis and the loss of biodiversity,” she says. Goodall calls each of us to action: “Let us use the gift of our lives to make this a better world.”
42．Why do a large number of people go to Haller Park
A．To admire the wildlife there. B．To write books on parks.
C．To study Kenya culture. D．To work for a company.
43．What does Goodall hope the story of Haller Park serves as
A．A messenger of peace. B．A scar to remember.
C．A hope for a better world. D．An example to avoid.
44．What can we learn about Goodall from the last two paragraphs
A．She published her first book 50 years ago.
B．She adopted and brought up many chimpanzees.
C．She calls on people to focus more on the pandemic.
D．She is full of fear for the future of the world.
45．What is the text
A．A news report. B．A tour guide. C．A biography. D．A book review.
Food waste has been of major global concern for many years now. It is estimated that every year, 1.3 billion tons of edible food — equal to a third of global production — which would be enough to feed three billion people, is wasted. This is particularly shocking when one considers that every day, people go hungry. Ending food waste would certainly solve this problem, but unfortunately, it is not as easy as that.
A huge amount of agricultural produce goes to waste as a result of unreasonable quality standards that overemphasize colour, shape and uniformity in appearance especially with regard to fruits and vegetables. The result was that farmers worked with agricultural scientists to focus on the appearance and volume of their products and organic farming had to take a back seat.
Food is also wasted when fresh or processed produce that is close to or at the best-before date in many developed countries, is got rid of by retailers and consumers. And this is often a result of poor supply chain management and the overshopping which has been ordinarily existing in western households for a long time.
Another way that wastage occurs is when edible food remains unused or left over and is got rid of from household kitchens and eating places. How many of us refuse leftovers and insist on freshly-prepared meals three times a day on a daily basis Then there are eating places, particularly in North America, that prefer to throw out unused and untouched food rather than allow their employees to consume it or give it to the homeless.
Given its complexity, reducing and ending food waste requires an overall approach, but it must be solved as it is critical to creating the zero-hunger world. Doing so, we would meet the Sustainable Development Goal (可持续性发展目标) which is to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.
46．What does “this problem” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Global production is decreasing. B．The population is growing.
C．People are starving. D．Food is being wasted.
47．What can we learn about the quality standards
A．They overemphasize the flavour of produce.
B．They can certainly ensure the quality of produce.
C．They are aimed at nothing but fruits and vegetables.
D．They directly lead to organic farming being ignored.
48．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the practice in eating places
A．Positive. B．Cautious. C．Uncaring. D．Negative.
49．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Waste and Agriculture B．Waste and Want
C．Waste and Safety D．Waste and Fairness
Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours. Professor Chris Carlsten, was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.” He added, “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, supports a connection between air pollution and thinking.”
The traffic pollution study was on 25 adults. The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. Another professor said the research was worrying. She said, “It’s worrying to see traffic pollution disrupting (干扰) these networks.” The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain. They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic. The brains of the 25 people returned to normal after they breathed clean air.
50．Scientists used to think that ________.
A．car fumes were harmful to adults B．clean air helped people think clearly
C．air pollution might do no damage to the brain D．parts of the brain were connected with each other
51．What is the finding of the research from the University of British Columbia
A．It’s important for people to reduce air pollution.
B．It’s impossible for the brains to return to normal.
C．The brain can be protected from the effects of air pollution.
D．Car fumes reduce the connections between brain networks.
52．Further research may be done on ________.
A．how to make full use of X-rays B．how car fumes change people’s brain
C．the cause of air pollution in the world D．the relationship between cars and pollution
53．What did the researchers suggest
A．We should try to keep the air clean. B．We should remember how our brain works.
C．We should close car windows when driving. D．We should examine the images of our brains.
54．Where is the text most likely from
A．A magazine. B．A dictionary. C．A poster. D．A notice.
I’ll never forget that lunchtime.
In my third grade, I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother tried hard to help me practice my lines (台词). But no matter how easily I said them at home, as soon as I stepped on the stage, every word disappeared from my head.
Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator (旁白员) part to the play, and asked me to change roles. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she noticed my unease, and instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the garden.
It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine (藤) was turning green. We could see yellow dandelions (蒲公英) popping through the grass in bunches. I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the clumps (花丛). “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds (杂草),” she said. “From now on, we’ll only have roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions,” I protested (抗议). “All flowers are beautiful — even dandelions.”
My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it ” she asked thoughtfully. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.”
Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened.
“But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, reminding me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. “The narrator’s part is as important as the part of the princess.”
Over the next few weeks, with her constant encouragement, I learned to take pride in the role.
Lunchtimes were spent reading over my lines and talking about what I would wear.
55．What happened when the author and her mother were practicing the lines
A．The author felt much too nervous.
B．Her mother got very impatient with her.
C．The author couldn’t remember the lines.
D．Her mother made great efforts to help her.
56．How did the teacher deal with the author’s problem of being nervous on stage
A．She persuaded the author to give up.
B．She asked the author to change her part.
C．She changed the lines of the author’s role.
D．She gave the author another two days for preparation.
57．Why did the author protest when her mother tried to dig up all the weeds in the garden
A．Because it was harmful to the environment.
B．Because the roses would be ruined completely.
C．Because the dandelions the author loved would be dug up.
D．Because the author wanted to practice the lines at that time.
58．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．The author liked the new part she got.
B．The author gave up the role in the end.
C．The author cared more about what to wear in the play.
D．The author only practiced the lines during lunchtimes.
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We provide snacks, bottled water, and cooked food for lunch. This tour’s main focus is on the wide variety of wildlife, Yellowstone’s rich historic landscapes as well as the fascinating scenery formed by the Yellowstone Supervolcano for over millions of years. Binoculars (双筒望远镜) are provided to help you appreciate the scenery better. Whether you are an amateur (业余的) photographer, a science or history enthusiast or just want to explore the outdoors, this tour has something for everyone.
Tour snapshot (简介)
Duration: 10-12 hours
Taking Covid-19 safety measures: Click here
Hotel pickup offered
Group size: 9
Ticket type: Mobile
Available language: English
Book in advance
Scheduled date: Check availability
Total fees: $300 per adult (age 13-99); 40% discount (age 1-12)
Reserve now & pay later: Learn more
Free cancellation: For a full refund, cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the start date of the experience.
Now you’re all set! Have a great time!
59．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A website.
C．A scenery magazine. D．A travel report.
60．Which of the following statements is true
A．The tour offers breakfast and lunch.
B．Both English and Spanish are available.
C．Once booked, the tour can not be canceled.
D．The tour highlights wildlife, historic sights and volcanic scenery.
61．How much will a family pay with two adults and a 4-year-old kid
A．$780 B．$700 C．$600 D．$660
On Jan 26, 2020, Kobe Bryant, one of the most talented NBA players in history, died in a terrible accident. He was just 41 years old when the helicopter he was riding in crashed, killing him and eight other people, including his 13-year-old daughter Gianna Bryant.
After Bryant’s death, people from all walks of life have paid tribute (敬意) to the late basketball superstar—not only for his achievements on the basketball court, but also for his personality and the inspiration he has given to us.
In the basketball world, Bryant ranks (排名) among the top players of all time. He entered the NBA directly from high school as a basketball prodigy, which surprised a lot of people. He played his whole 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers and helped the team win five NBA championships. He was fast, skillful and aggressive, which earned him the nickname (绰号) Black Mamba, one of the most deadly snakes in the world. That’s why his competitive philosophy is known as the “Mamba Mentality”.
“Mamba mentality is you’re going, you’re competing, you’re not worried about the end result,” Bryant said. “It’s all about focusing on the process and trusting in the hard work when it matters most.”
Off the court, Bryant was known as a successful businessman, an Oscar-winning filmmaker, and a proud father of four daughters.
The fact that Bryant is no longer with us is sad. We’ll never see him give another interview or play in another game. But the work he has done and the spirit he has left us with will keep inspiring us years after his death.
62．What was Kobe Bryant doing when the accident happened
A．He was playing basketball. B．He was driving a car.
C．He was sending his daughter to school. D．He was riding in a helicopter.
63．What does the word “prodigy” underlined in Paragraph 3 mean
A．talent B．fan C．coach D．producer
64．Which of the following agree with Bryant’s “Mamba Mentality”
A．Always change your goal. B．Pay more attention to the process.
C．The result matters more than anything else. D．One should give up when meeting difficulties.
65．How does the writer think of Kobe Bryant
A．Talented and lazy. B．Successful and proud.
C．Determined and ugly. D．Talented and hard-working.
66．Where can you most probably see this
A．In a nature park. B．In a zoo. C．In a museum.
67．You’re advised ________.
A．not to watch the birds
B．not to feed the birds
C．not to bite the birds
68．What do you know from the notice
A．The birds might hurt you.
B．Feeding grapes can make the birds ill.
C．You may feed the birds with small bread.
Ever been hungry enough to eat a house Now, you actually could.
Food waste is a big problem in Japan and globally. Japan produced around 5.7 million tons of food waste in 2019. The government plans to reduce that by around 2.7 million tons by 2030. Tokyo University researchers Kota Machida and Yuya Sakai have developed a way to transform food waste into cement (水泥) for construction use and more. This is the first-ever process created for making cement entirely from food waste. The researchers say their product is four times as strong as traditional concrete. This particular cement can be used to make things like tea cups or chairs as well. However, there’s one additional feature — it’s also edible (可食的).
Kota and Yuya are the intelligence behind the formation of Fabula Inc., a company with purposes of reducing food waste, and helping fight global warming.
As expected, something this unique took years to develop. It took a few attempts to find just the right process. Kota and Yuya created the unique technology while researching possible environmentally-friendly materials to replace cement-based concrete. Cement production accounts for 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions.
After a few failures, they realized they could get the cement to bind (黏合) by adjusting the temperatures. “The most challenging part was that each type of food waste requires different temperatures,” Yuya said. So the researchers had to observe them and respond in time. In the experiments, Kota and Yuya have successfully made cement using tea leaves, coffee grounds, cabbage, and even lunchbox leftovers.
Fabula Inc. is currently working to make tea cups and furniture, but Yuya is thinking a little bit bigger. Their product could provide relief in the form of edible emergency shelters in disaster zones. “For example, if food cannot be delivered to the people, they could eat makeshift beds made out of food cement,” he said. To eat the material, a person needs to break it apart and boil it.
69．Which is one of Kota and Yuya’ purposes in making use of food waste
A．To offer Fabula Inc. more cement. B．To produce building materials.
C．To warn how serious food waste is. D．To extend concrete’s service life.
70．What did Kota and Yuya assess previously about making edible cement
A．Its damage to the environment. B．Its cost of recycling the cement.
C．Its difficulties they would face. D．Its popularity among the public.
71．What made the experiment of making cement out of food waste harder
A．Making sure to make cement tasty. B．Selecting correct food waste timely.
C．Getting cement broken apart easily. D．Regulating the temperatures constantly.
72．What does the underlined word “makeshift” in the last paragraph mean
A．Temporary. B．Strong. C．Bendable. D．Commercial.
It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.
Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons. She smashed the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.
As a professional runner, Murray-Bartlett missed out on getting the chance to take part in the Tokyo Olympics, so she set her sights on a record-establishing challenge. More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society. She said it was terribly hard five months, but she knew she could do it. She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.”
73．What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1
A．Murray-Bartlett is an Australian sportswoman.
B．It’s very important for people to keep in shape.
C．The marathon covers a distance of 42.195 kilometres.
D．It’s not difficult for Murray-Bartlett to run marathons.
74．What world record did Murray-Bartlett create
A．She ran 150 daily marathons for 150 days.
B．She finished a marathon in the shortest time.
C．She was the youngest to complete a marathon.
D．She ran from the top to the bottom of Australia.
75．The underlined word “smashed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．kept B．broke C．reached D．followed
76．Why did Murray-Bartlett ran her daily marathons
A．She aimed to help protect the wildlife. B．She meant to raise money for herself.
C．She hoped to compete in the Olympics. D．She wanted to establish a social organization.
77．Murray-Bartlett succeeded in setting the world record mainly because ________.
A．she had a tiny goal B．she was professional
C．she never gave up D．she was kind-hearted
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。德国高级定制设计师Kathrin von Rechenberg为了寻找中国传统面料香云纱来到中国，并创立了高级定制工作室。
1．细节理解题。由第一段中的“Born in Munich, Germany, Rechenberg was so attracted by this delicate, classic Chinese silk at first sight and touch that in 1999 she came to China in search of it. (Rechenberg出生于德国慕尼黑，对这种精致、经典的中国丝绸一见钟情，1999年她来到中国寻找)”可知，Rechenberg在1999年来到中国是为了寻找一种独特的丝绸。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。由第二段中的“The production of fragrant cloud organza involves more than 30 times of dyeing and natural drying at each interval. After the dyeing, the organza needs to stand for years before the entire process is completed and it can be used, making the silk precious. (香云纱的生产，每隔一段时间要经过30多次染色和自然干燥。染色后，香云纱需要静置数年才能完成整个过程，才能使用，这使这种丝绸变得珍贵)”可知，大量的生产时间和独特的技术让香云纱变得有价值。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。由第三段Rechenberg说的话“Western costume designers are used to presenting beauty through complex design and tailoring, but I just follow the lines and fabric (织物的) colors (西方服装设计师习惯于通过复杂的设计和剪裁来展现美，但我只是遵循线条和面料的颜色)”可知，Rechenberg只是遵循线条和面料的颜色来设计服装，说明Rechenberg的设计的特别之处在于它尊重服装材料的特性。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Born in Munich, Germany, Rechenberg was so attracted by this delicate, classic Chinese silk at first sight and touch that in 1999 she came to China in search of it. (Rechenberg出生于德国慕尼黑，对这种精致、经典的中国丝绸（香云纱）一见钟情，1999年她来到中国寻找)”和其他内容可知，1999年Kathrin von Rechenberg为了寻找中国传统面料香云纱来到中国，并创立了高级定制工作室，现在仍然从事有关香云纱的工作，可得出她对香云纱专注（Devoted）；由第三段中的“Rechenberg has always insisted on sticking to originality in her designs. (Rechenberg一直坚持在她的设计中坚持独创性)”和Rechenberg说的话“Western costume designers are used to presenting beauty through complex design and tailoring, but I just follow the lines and fabric (织物的) colors (西方服装设计师习惯于通过复杂的设计和剪裁来展现美，但我只是遵循线条和面料的颜色)”可知，Rechenberg坚持独创性设计，不和其他西方服装设计师习惯一样，走自己的路，很有原则性（principled）。故选D项。
5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A
【导语】本文是记叙文，主要讲述了一个当地新闻记者的工作以及他所探访的街区的变化。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I sometimes get lost in thought while following the light. But the reason I love this ride is that it’s a reminder of how neighborhoods can change from block to block.”（我有时会在追寻光明的时候陷入沉思。但我喜欢乘车之旅的原因是，它提醒我，街区之间是如何变化的。）可知，作者喜欢乘坐火车上班是因为他可以了解到街区之间的变化。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Last week as I was on the way to my office, I started wondering how neighborhoods have changed since the 2008 housing crisis. I searched addresses on the city’s southwest side, a neighborhood that has seen a significant number of residential homes pulled down. I scanned the street views recorded on my phone and saw how the neighborhood looked in 2007. ”（上周吗？在去办公室的路上，我开始思考自2008年房地产危机以来，社区发生了怎样的变化。我搜索了该市西南侧的地址，那里有大量住宅被拆除。我浏览了手机上记录的街景，看看2007年这个社区的样子。）可知，作者通过电子地图的街景功能看到了2007年这座城市西南部的街景。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“Harmony loved collecting rocks for me to hold as I walked down the street with her mother, Marquita. I already knew what the neighborhood looked like in the past, but Marquita shared more details of the people who once lived on her block, who were really friendly to each other. However, people today in the neighborhood are busy with life and seldom say hello to each other. Marquita has lived on this block her entire life, and Harmony has for most of her short life as well. But the neighborhood that Marquita grew up in will be one that is obviously different from the one Harmony will grow to know.”（当我和她妈妈马奎塔走在街上时，哈莫尼喜欢给我捡石头。我已经知道这个社区过去是什么样子了，但马奎塔分享了更多关于曾经住在她那个街区的人的细节，他们彼此非常友好。然而，今天附近的人都忙于生活，很少互相打招呼。玛基塔一生都住在这个街区，哈莫尼在她短暂的一生中也一直住在这里。但马奎塔长大的社区将与哈莫尼逐渐熟悉的社区明显不同。）可知，虽然Marquita对之前这个街区住的人的印象很好，但现在这个街区的人由于忙于工作而变得冷漠。由此可推知，和作者谈论往事的马奎塔是伤感的。故选B项。
8．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个当地新闻记者的工作，包括他的通勤方式、工作内容和他对马奎塔和哈莫尼的探访。故本文的目的是向我们介绍一个新闻记者的工作。故选A项。
9．D 10．D 11．B
【导语】本文是应用文，介绍了美国芝加哥植物园的几个游览项目。
9．细节理解题。根据Grand Tram Tour中“Maximum capacity of 76 people”（最多可容纳76人）可知，Grand Tram Tour限制了游客的数量。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据Garden Package部分和Butterflies &. Blooms部分可知，进入芝加哥植物园园区的套票价格是每人41美元。若想体验Butterflies &. Blooms项目，游客需另外付6美元。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据Model Railroad Garden部分“For $6 more per person, add a unique adventure to your package:15 model trains journey coast-to-coast across bridges, through tunnels, and past miniature (微型的) scenes of America’s favorite landmarks.”（每人再付6美元，就可以在你的套餐中加入一次独特的冒险:15列模型火车从东海岸到西海岸，穿过桥梁、隧道，经过美国最受欢迎的地标的微缩场景。）可知，游客在此可以看到美国最受欢迎的地标性建筑的微型景观。故选B项。
12．B 13．A 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的行星防御专家实施行星防御测试，利用小型航天器撞击一块即将到来的危险太空岩石，使太空岩石偏离轨道。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Movies like Deep Impact and Armageddon rely on nuclear weapons, delivered by stars like Bruce Willis, to save the world and deliver the drama.(像《天地大冲撞》和《世界末日》这样的电影依靠由Bruce Willis等明星投放的核武器来拯救世界，并呈现出戏剧性)”和第二段“But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous in-coming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft.(但行星防御专家表示，在现实中，如果天文学家发现了一颗危险的太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是一些更微妙的方法，比如用一艘小型航天器撞击它，让它偏离轨道)”可推知，作者提到电影是为了引出下文用小型航天器撞击危险的太空岩石，介绍文章的话题。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous in-coming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft.(但行星防御专家表示，在现实中，如果天文学家发现了一颗危险的太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是一些更微妙的方法，比如用一艘小型航天器撞击它，让它偏离轨道)”和第三段中“That’s just what NASA did on Monday evening, when a spacecraft headed straight into an asteroid called Dimorphos(这正是美国国家航空航天局在周一晚上所做的，当时一艘航天器径直冲向一颗名为Dimorphos的小行星)”可推知，美国国家航空航天局使用航天器撞击推动了Dimorphos，使其改变轨道。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“NASA plans to launch an asteroid-hunting space telescope named NEO Surveyor in 2026.(美国国家航空航天局计划在2026年发射一架名为NEO Surveyor的小行星探测太空望远镜)”和Lindley Johnson的话“But many asteroids the size of Dimorphos haven’t yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city if they came crashing down(但许多像Dimorphos这样大小的小行星还没有被发现，如果它们坠落，可能会摧毁一座城市)”可推知，计划发射的NEO Surveyor是为了发现像Dimorphos这样大小的小行星，从而帮助人类及时规避风险，Lindley Johnson作为美国国家航空航天局的行星防御官会同意这一观点。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的行星防御专家实施行星防御测试，利用小型航天器撞击一块即将到来的危险太空岩石，使太空岩石偏离轨道。由此可知，D项“人为设计的太空中的撞击”最能概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．D
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。《华尔街日报》报道中，Instagram对许多青少年用户的心理健康产生有害影响。但在作者看来，这是其诱发用户精神紧张，放大了自身的自尊问题所致，本质上是人的问题。
16．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.(批评人士很快就指责 Facebook搁置数据，不向要求提供数据的研究人员或学者提供数据。其他人批评这家社交媒体巨头没有利用这项研究为青少年用户创造更安全的体验。这种愤怒虽然可以理解，但却不恰当)”可推知，作者认为对Instagram的批评并没有指向根本问题。故选B项。
17．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business.(虽然我不愿意为Facebook辩护，但我不确定指责该公司隐瞒可能损害其业务的数据是否合理)”及“Have you ever binge-watched a Netflix series I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be (你曾经疯狂地看Netflix的电视剧吗 我向你保证这不是一个健康的尝试。你很活跃，可能没有做任何有成效的事情，漫无目的地吃零食，也不出去呼吸新鲜空气。整个周末盯着电视或笔记本电脑，客观上是一种有害的时间利用。作为回应，我们是否应该羞辱Netflix，因为它没有提醒我们这种令人上瘾的产品有多大的危害？)”可推知，Netflix被提及是为了表明我们受到网络的影响很大原因是自己产生的，不能完全怪罪于网络媒体，Instagram也一样，作者在此表明批评者的言论并没有指出问题。故选C项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage (自损) — as many teens are — you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.(你在社交媒体上创造自己的体验。在大多数情况下，你可以选择关注和参与哪些账户。如果你已经很容易受到不安全感和自我破坏的影响——就像许多青少年一样——你会找到一些让你着迷的账户。这并不是一个新现象)”可知，Instagram问题本质上是“人的问题”是因为用户在社交媒体上决定自己的体验，不是Instagram产生了这些问题。故选D项。
19．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Deep down，this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem.(实际上，这不是Instagram 的问题；这是人的问题)”及最后一段“Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause — one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media.(自尊问题有一个潜在的原因，这个原因与社交媒体的使用无关。Instagram只是增强了这些感觉，因为它比旧的媒体形式提供了无限多的接触触发器的途径)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为Instagram对于青少年用户产生心理影响，是其诱发精神紧张，放大自身的自尊问题所致。由此可知，文章主要论述了Instagram造成精神痛苦的根源。故选D项。
20．B 21．D 22．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上四座著名的运动场。
20．细节理解题。根据Beijing National Stadium中“With a volume of three million cubic meters, the Bird’s Nest seats 91,000 people and is often considered the largest enclosed space in the world (鸟巢的容积为300万立方米，可容纳91000人，通常被认为是世界上最大的封闭空间)”可知，北京国家体育场“鸟巢”是最大的密闭运动场，可容纳91000人。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据Heinz Field中“The Heinz Field began its construction in 1999 after the previous arena was torn down (亨氏球场于1999年开始建设，之前的竞技场被拆除)”可知，Heinz Field是在之前运动场所拆除后的原址修建的。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Here are four of the most incredible stadiums across the globe (以下是全球最令人难以置信的四座体育场)”可知，本文主要介绍了四座体育场。由此推断，文章选自于建筑杂志。故选C。
23．C 24．C 25．A 26．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了鸟类唱歌技巧是如何形成以及为何鸟类会有口音差异。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段“This is why birds have to hear other birds of their own species sing while they are still young, otherwise, they won’t be able to produce much more than a whistle later on. (这就是为什么鸟类必须在它们还小的时候就听到其他同类的鸟唱歌，否则，它们以后就只能发出一声口哨了)”可知，幼鸟通过模仿同类鸟类获得歌唱技能。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段“The individual dialects are learnt while the birds are still chicks in the nest—just as children adopt the dialect of their parents. The young birds always sing as well or as badly as their teachers, because the adults on which they model themselves vary in style and talent from region to region. (当小鸟还在巢里的时候，个体的方言就已经学会了——就像孩子们学会了父母的方言一样。雏鸟总是唱得和它们的老师一样好或一样差，因为它们模仿的成年鸟在风格和天赋上因地区而异)”可知，鸟唱歌带口音是因为它们的父母有不同的发音特征。故选C。
25．词句猜测题。根据第四段“The individual dialects are learnt while the birds are still chicks in the nest—just as children adopt the dialect of their parents. (当小鸟还在巢里的时候，个体的方言就已经学会了——就像孩子们学会了父母的方言一样)”以及划线词上文“The young birds always sing as well or as badly as their teachers, because the adults on which they”可知，雏鸟总是唱得和它们的老师一样好或一样差，因为它们模仿的成年鸟在风格和天赋上因地区而异，故划线词意思是“模仿，学榜样”。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Males that master several dialects have a better chance of finding a mate since females prefer mates from the same dialect family. Bird dialects also help to drive evolution, because different songs cause the formation of new sub-species and eventually even completely new species. (掌握多种方言的雄性更容易找到配偶，因为雌性更喜欢来自同一方言家族的伴侣。鸟类的方言也有助于推动进化，因为不同的叫声会导致新的亚种的形成，最终甚至是全新的物种)”可知，鸟类掌握几种方言的好处是促进交配和进化。故选D。
27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要说明了少数高科技公司监控我们的活动，并且在无形中控制着我们的思想和行为的现象。文章举出谷歌的例子，说明科技是如何控制我们思想的，作者对此表示担忧。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“Over the past century, more than a few great writers have expressed concern about humanity’s future. In Brave New World(1932), the British author Aldous Huxley pictured a near-perfect society in which unhappiness and aggression had been removed out of humanity through a combination of genetic engineering and psychological conditioning. (在过去的一个世纪里，不少伟大的作家都表达了对人类未来的担忧。在《美丽新世界》（1932）一书中，英国作家奥尔德斯·赫胥黎描绘了一个近乎完美的社会，在这个社会中，通过基因工程和心理调节的结合，人类已经消除了不幸和侵略)”以及第二段“It might surprise you to hear this, but these things have already happened. Now we are living in a world in which a handful of high-tech companies are not only monitoring much of our activity, but are also invisibly controlling more and more of what we think, feel, do and say. (听到这些你可能会感到惊讶，但这些事情已经发生了。如今，我们生活在这样一个世界里：少数高科技公司不仅监控着我们的大部分活动，而且还在无形中越来越多地控制着我们的所思、所感、所行、所言)”可推知，作者提到《美丽新世界》这本书是因为了引入话题。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“It gives us exactly the information we are looking for, almost instantly and almost always in the first position of the list after we launch our search—the list of “search results”. And that ordered list is so good, in fact, that about 50 per cent of our clicks go to the top two items, and more than 90 per cent of our clicks go to the 10 items listed on the first page of results. Seconds later, the decision we make or the opinion we form is determined by that short list we are shown, even though we have no idea how the list was generated. (它给我们准确的信息，我们正在寻找，几乎立即，几乎总是在列表的第一个位置后，我们启动我们的搜索——“搜索结果”列表。这个排序列表非常好，事实上，大约50%的点击会点击前两项，超过90%的点击会点击结果第一页列出的10项。几秒钟后，我们做出的决定或形成的观点就由我们看到的短列表决定了，尽管我们不知道列表是如何生成的)”可知，谷歌通过展示它想让我们看到的东西来无形地控制我们。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The technology that now surrounds us is not just a harmless toy; it has also made possible undetectable and untraceable control of entire populations. If we choose to ignore this, we do so at our own risk. (现在我们身边的科技不仅仅是一个无害的玩具；它还使对整个人口的不可检测和不可追踪的控制成为可能。如果我们选择忽视这一点，我们就得自担风险)”可推知，作者在讨论这个问题时听起来是担心的。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It might surprise you to hear this, but these things have already happened. Now we are living in a world in which a handful of high-tech companies are not only monitoring much of our activity, but are also invisibly controlling more and more of what we think, feel, do and say. (听到这些你可能会感到惊讶，但这些事情已经发生了。如今，我们生活在这样一个世界里：少数高科技公司不仅监控着我们的大部分活动，而且还在无形中越来越多地控制着我们的所思、所感、所行、所言)”结合文章举出谷歌的例子，说明科技是如何控制我们思想的，作者对此表示担忧。可知，A选项“新型精神控制”最符合文章标题，故选A。
31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国第一位在太空行走的女航天员 凯西·沙利文又在她的成功清单上增加一个“第一”——她与另一位水下探险者维斯科沃 潜水近11公里到达了世界上海洋最深的地方： Challenger Deep 。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Kathy Sullivan and an underwater explorer named Victor Vescovo dived 10,915 meters below the surface of the Pacific Ocean in a submarine(潜艇), making the 68-year-old ex-astronaut the first woman ever to reach that depth and Vescovo the on