2023届湖南高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析）

阅读理解
A study, led by researchers from the University of California, San Diego, tracked the same 875 mother-child pairs in Chile for 16 years, conducting assessments at ages 1, 5, 10 and 16. At each visit researchers screened the mother for signs of depression and used cognitive (认知的) development tests on the child. They also asked questions to assess the home life, featuring the level of connection between the mother and child.
Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16. “We found that mothers who were highly depressed didn’t invest (投入) emotionally or in providing learning materials to support their child, such as toys and books, as much as mothers who were not depressed. This, in turn, impacted the child’s IQ at ages 5, 10 and 16,” Patricia East, PhD, research scientist with the Department of Pediatrics at UC San Diego School of Medicine and one of the lead authors on the study, said in a statement.
The authors found the relationship in reverse to be true, as well — lower development scores early in the child’s life promoted less engagement from mom and that only increased signs of mothers’ depression as the child entered into adolescence.
Children who had severely depressed mothers were found to have an average verbal IQ score of 7.30 compared to a score of 7.78 in children without depressed mothers. Although seemingly small, differences in IQ from 7.78 to 7.30 are highly meaningful in terms of children’s verbal skills and vocabulary, said East. “Our study results show the long-term consequences that a child can experience due to long-term mothers’ depression.”
However, the authors recognize that these families in Chile can be very different from mothers and children of other cultural backgrounds or nationalities. Besides, all the families studied were from a similar cultural background and socioeconomic status and had a similar level of education.
1．What did the researchers do in the study
A．They screened the child for signs of depression.
B．They tested the cognitive abilities of the mother.
C．They evaluated the mother-child pairs’ relationship.
D．They ignored the mother’s educational background.
2．What conclusion did the researchers draw
A．A kid’s IQ scores were decided by the mother’s.
B．A kid’s IQ scores were different at different ages.
C．Depressed mothers gave birth to kids with low IQ scores.
D．Mothers’ depression might negatively impact their kids’ IQ.
3．What might be the authors’ attitude towards the results of the study
A．They don’t sound debatable.
B．They may encourage public debate.
C．They may not be very representative.
D．They have been confirmed in a large scale.
4．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Adolescents’ Confusion in Chile
B．Impact of Mothers’ Depression on Kids
C．Significance of IQ in Kids’ Academic Tests
D．Maternal Depression and Kids’ Cognitive Test Scores
After drawing blood and running a CT scan, the doctor had questions for me. “What is a typical day like for you ” “I am a graduate student with a tight schedule that usually keeps me at work late into the night,” I replied. Next, he turned to diet. I paused when this question came, embarrassed by my answer. “I only have coffee for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, I usually grab something from a fast-food stand on campus.” The doctor seemed shocked. As more questions followed about my stress levels and lifestyle, my unhealthy state began to sink in.
In graduate school, I was fully focused on my project and doing what I could to become a successful scientist. I didn’t feel I had the time or energy to shop for groceries and cook. I stopped exercising and didn’t spend as much time socializing. When I was sluggish, instead of giving my mind and body a rest, I drank energy boosters to maintain my strength and continued to work long hours. As I progressed through my PhD Program, I gained an unhealthy amount of weight. I got tired easily and I often caught colds or the flu. Eventually, my stomachache was so bad that it drove me to the emergency room.
After hearing the doctor’s warning, I knew I had no choice. I stopped working late into the night, which gave me more time to relax, sleep, and prepare my own meals. I read up on dietary recommendations and began to choose nutritious and healthy food. I also gave up energy drinks and switched to tea. Many times, I was tempted to go back to my old routine. I placed sticky notes in my office and at home to remind myself that if I didn’t make healthy choices, I’d suffer consequences.
It’s been 4 years now and, to my surprise, I have not only noticed gains in my health, but also found it easier to be productive at work.
5．What was the problem with the author
A．He did poorly in his studies. B．He wasn’t good at socializing.
C．He ignored the doctor’s advice. D．He had a very unhealthy lifestyle.
6．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sluggish”
A．cast down B．worn out C．carried away D．left behind
7．What lies behind the author’s recovery
A．Creativity. B．Optimism. C．Self-control. D．Co-operation.
One of the most touching stories of Olympic triumph(成就)—one you might never have heard before—is that of weightlifting champion Oscar Figueroa. Over the course of his athletic career, the 40-year-old has had the chance to compete in the Olympic Games four different times. Those competitions came plenty of heartbreak and disappointment, before he finally got his victory.
In the 2004 Olympic Games, Figueroa’s first appearance, he had a less-than-perfect performance but was still able to swing a fifth-place finish. He looked forward to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as a way to redeem himself. Unfortunately, just two weeks before the big event, he ended up with a hand injury. This injury set him back severely in his weightlifting and ended up costing him the competition
By the London Olympic Games in 2012, Figueroa came back readier than ever. He had an incredible run that year and took home the silver medal. But in spite of all he’d already experienced, he still aimed higher. In 2016, he headed to Rio to earn the highest prize—and claim that prize he did! After his final lift, knowing just how incredible his performance had been, Figueroa fell to the ground in tears. In a few moments, he took off his shoes and put them or the stage, symbolizing his decision to finally retire from his time as an Olympian. Amazingly enough, he took home the gold that year!
No matter how hard he fell, he never gave up, serving as a powerful example of hope, perseverance, and determination. Now, he can officially say he is the first Colombian man to have ever taken home the gold in his category. “I was so low in Beijing, and I am so high here, ” he told IWF at the 2016 Olympics. ”It’s 22 years since I started and now is the time to retire. . . But I am full of emotion—it’s as though I was lifting for the whole country, and those tears were for all of Colombia. ”
8．Which can replace the underlined word “redeem” in paragraph 2
A．forgive B．thank C．prove D．abandon
9．When did Figueroa win the gold medal
A．In 2004 B．In 2016 C．In 2008. D．In 2012.
10．Why did Figueroa take off his shoes in the Rio Olympic Games
A．He had no intention of retiring. B．He was determined to retire as an Olympian.
C．The broken shoes forced him to retire. D．He had to retire due to his injured foot.
11．In which section of a newspaper can we read this text
A．Entertainment. B．Health C．Education. D．Sports
There’s always been debate about the best time of day to work out. For the longest time I’ve heard that exercising in the morning is ideal, but others say a nighttime workout benefits them more. I was one of those evening exercisers when I was working in an office regularly but have since shifted to late morning workouts. Is one time really better than another, and why
Regardless of when you work out, there are many health benefits from moving regularly, like improving your heart health, getting stronger or even improving your endurance. Most people decide to exercise when it best fits their schedule, so oftentimes they can’t help the time of the day they choose to be active.
Research has shown, however, that the time of day you choose to exercise can affect your workout in various ways. The best time to work out is whenever you can. We don’t all have schedules that allow for a 90-minute workout. If your only time of day to exercise is before work, then morning is best. If you reserve physical activity for packed evenings, there’s a good chance you won’t ever get to it. Likewise, if you can only squash 20 minutes of exercise into your day right before you get ready for bed, that’s the best time to work out. I want to add a note on consistency, though. The best time to exercise is whenever you can, but the best time of day to exercise is the time you can stick with for days, weeks and months.
The fact of the matter is that people who exercise invariably see better weight loss and fitness results in the long-term. Research also suggests that your body can adapt to regular training schedules, so if you work out every morning, you will probably get a lot better at working out in the morning, and the same in regard to night workouts. That all said, morning workouts and night workouts both have their advantages and disadvantages as evidenced by decades of scientific research.
12．Why does the author talk about the debate
A．To give background knowledge. B．To introduce the topic of the text.
C．To show the author’s attitude. D．To show people’s puzzlement when exercise.
13．When is the best time to take exercise according to the text
A．In the morning. B．In the evening. C．After work. D．The time you can stick to.
14．What is the most important as to exercise according to the text
A．Choosing the proper place. B．Choosing favorite sport.
C．Working out regularly. D．Exercising 20 minutes a day.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．The various ways to exercise B．The common forms of exercising
C．The best time of a day for exercising D．The good reasons for exercising
Good books are more valuable than anything else. The following are four good choices for readers
Chasing Icebergs: How Frozen Freshwater Can Save the Planei
Matthew H. Birkhold
Water shortages driven by climate change could lead to a“Cold Rush”for icebergs. Birk- hold quarrels the legal, political and cultural considerations that might accompany efforts to source fresh water from icebergs. The interests of entrepreneurs, glaciologists, engineers and local people provide a far-ranging view of the challenges and possibilities involved in harvesting icebergs. This is a thought-provoking (令人深思的) take on the hard decisions they will have to be faced in a worse climate future.
Three Castles Burning: A History of Dublin in Twelve Streets
Donal Fallon
In this celebration of the history of Ireland’s capital, Fallon takes readers through a dozen Dublin Streets exploring how the cityscape contributed to political and social movements and reflects the diverse culture of its residents. It touches many parts of Dublin’s history. Old and present-day photographs pair nicely with Fallon’s writing.
Feral: Losing Myself and Finding My Way in America’s National Parks
Emily Pennington
Pennington devotes a year to visiting 62 parks U. S. national parks. Along the way, readers learn about all aspects of road travel, with photographs of the author at various national parks. Pennington’s story of personal growth is told with the natural wonders she encounters; her expressive storytelling is sure to engage and inspire readers.
Earth’s the Right Place for Love
Elizabeth Berg
As Arthur nears the end of his life, he mentally relives the highs and lows of his teens and early early adulthood in the late 1940s and early 1950s in a small town in Missouri, remembering meeting the love of his life, and learning to see his parents in a new light. Capturing timeless issues of friendships and parental expectations, it’s a charming and heartwarming glimpse of an elder man’s earliest life.
16．What probably excites Pennington’s readers
A．Her interesting storytelling. B．Her saving for several years.
C．Her visit to a dozen Dublin streets. D．Her photographs of various countries.
17．What is the second book mainly about
A．Celebration of Ireland’s history. B．Beautiful scenes of Ireland.
C．A full introduction to Dublin. D．Important events in Dublin.
18．What do the last two books have in common
A．They tell readers the author’s own hometown.
B．They introduce the author’s past experience.
C．They describe many national parks.
D．They talk about people’s early life.
Things to Do in Lake Tahoe, CA
You cannot visit Lake Tahoe without actually getting out on the water. With so many amazing things to do in the area, there is no shortage of fun. The alpine (高山的) area is renowned for its countless opportunities for adventure, and it is home to some of the best beach and ski opportunities as well as a large amount of beautiful scenery. Whether you visit during the summer or the winter, there is definitely something for everyone.
Around The Lake Tahoe Tour
You will be aboard a luxury shuttle bus with incredible views of Squaw Valley and more with a tour guide who will entertain you with interesting facts about the area while you stop periodically at picturesque sites.
Available 22 days between Jun. 1 &Oct. 26
Lake Tahoe Hot Air Ballooning
See the beautiful views of the alpine area with a balloon flight to take you to the skies on a one-of-a-kind experience. See sights such as Yosemite, Emerald Bay, and sparkling waters as you fly above for panoramic views.
Available 156 days between May 13 & Oct. 15
Tahoe Sport Fishing Ski Run Marina
Amazing fun out on Lake Tahoe awaits with one of these exciting Tahoe Sport Fishing charters. With this trip, you can test your angling skills on rainbow trout, salmon, and more!
Available 253 days between Apr. 27 &Dec. 31
Hellman-Ehrman Mansion
The Hellman-Ehrman Mansion the third best selling attraction in Lake Tahoe, California, it is a good experience for all ages. You will get to see many sights including the Ice House, the children’s house, the dressing room and the pump house.
Available 90 days between May 30 & Sep. 30
19．What do we know about Lake Tahoe
A．You can’t get out on the water in Lake Tahoe.
B．It’s famous for its water adventures.
C．The best season to visit Lake Tahoe is summer.
D．It is a place surrounded by water.
20．What can you do with Around The Lake Tahoe Tour
A．Stop periodically at scenic spots.
B．Drive to enjoy the scenery of Squaw Valley.
C．Overlook the beautiful views of the alpine area.
D．Learn some interesting facts about the guide.
21．Which tour is suitable for a family of three generations
A．Around The Lake Tahoe Tour.
B．Lake Tahoe Hot Air Ballooning.
C．Tahoe Sport Fishing Ski Run Marina.
D．Hellman-Ehrman Mansion.
Tugce Seren Gul’s aunt and grandmother were killed in Antakya in Turkey’s southeast. Every night, she waits until 4： 17 a. m. in the morning, the exact time that the disaster hit, to try to go to sleep. “I keep thinking another disaster will strike at that time and just wait for it to pass,” said the 28-year-old Gul.
Experts fear children will be hardest hit. The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) said many of the more than 5. 4 million children who live across the area affected by the earthquake were at risk of developing anxiety, depression and other disorders.
“We know how important learning and routine are for children and their recovery,UNICEF Regional Director for Europe and Central Asia Afshan Khan said after a visit to Turkey. “They need to be able to resume their education, and they urgently need psychological support to help deal with the trauma they have experienced.
Psychologist and professor at MEF University, Ayse Bilge Selcuk, said, “As rising poverty and the COVID-19 pandemic have hurt the country, the stress is chronic, meaning that the tension continues over time.” “For this nation to get back on its feet, we need to find that strength within us and that starts with our psychologyshe added. Anxiety, helplessness and depression are likely to be common and young people could feel anger. ” Rebuilding efforts should include mental health,“ Selcuk said. She urged the government to provide money for training psychologists to be sent to the earthquake areas to stay there. “We shouldn’t withdraw our attention three months later, ”she said.
22．What is Gul’s problem after the earthquake
A．She is too sad about her relatives’ being killed.
B．She can’t fall asleep until another disaster passes every night.
C．She can not sleep all the night.
D．She is suffering mental health damage.
23．What can we infer from the passage
A．More than 5. 4 million children have mental health problems.
B．International aid is the main solution.
C．Focusing on mental relief should last.
D．Young people respond angrily to the government.
24．Which of the following has the closet meaning to the underlined word “chronic” in the fourth paragraph
A．Permanent. B．Destructive. C．Poisonous. D．Unbearable.
25．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Experts5 Suggestions about Turkey5 Rebuilding after Quake
B．Mental Healthcare an Important Part of Recovery from Turkey Quake
C．Healthcare Provided for Children in Turkey Urgently
D．Experts’ Concerns for Problems Caused by Turkey Quake
When was the last time you showed off your being sensitive Most likely, the answer is never. There are plenty of traits (特性) we take pride in but being “sensitive” is usually seen as a weakness. It’s used to mean you’re fragile (脆弱的) thin-skinned or just overreacting, but it’s wrongheaded. Sensitivity is largely genetic, and not something you can turn off. It is a trait linked to giftedness and something we ought to embrace.
As a personality trait, being sensitive means you take in more information from your environment, and you do more with it. Sensitive people are better at a brain level to process information more deeply than others do. The most well-known and celebrated sensitive gift is creativity. Sensitive people have this capacity for innovation (创新) because they tend to be deep thinkers who spend more time and energy turning problems over in their heads—and end up seeing more possibilities and solutions. Many—perhaps most—artists, musicians, actors and even scientists are themselves sensitive people, including Charles Darwin—the model of a sensitive person.
Sensitive people do pay a price for these gifts, however, by becoming overstimulated. Overstimulation is what happens when there is simply too much information for the brain to keep going deep. It happens in situations that are too loud, too chaotic, or too emotionally intense (紧张的). This is the only time when sensitive people really might seem less “tough” than others, but sensitive people can learn to largely prevent it. For example, a little bit of quiet alone time goes a very long way.
If any of this sounds like you, you might be more sensitive than you realize. If so, you have probably felt the pressure to hide it. But that’s a trap. You cannot make yourself less sensitive than you are and trying to do so only cuts you off from your gifts. Instead, the single most important step you can take for yourself is what society has told you not to do your whole life: Stop hiding from your sensitivity. Embrace it, and show it to the world.
26．What is the general attitude of people toward “being sensitive”
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Tolerant. D．Indifferent.
27．What does the second paragraph describe about sensitive people
A．Strengths. B．Characters. C．Disadvantages. D．Innovation.
28．What will be the best advice to sensitive people if they become overstimulated
A．To play sports with friends. B．To talk to a friend about troubles.
C．To rest in a peaceful place alone. D．To play computer games at home.
29．What is the effect of hiding from your sensitivity
A．Being less talented. B．Feeling comfortable.
C．Getting more sensitive. D．Becoming confident.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki recently examined hyperactivity (过分好动) and inattention in more than 11, 000 Finnish pet dogs. They found that the dog’s age and gender, as well as exposure to other dogs, played a part.
“We wanted to collect a large behavioral data of dogs to better understand behavior problems that are common in our companion dogs. We studied seven characteristics: noise sensitivity, fearfulness, fear of surfaces and heights, inattention, compulsive behavior, separation – related behavior, and aggression,” says Sini Sulkama, a researcher at the University of Helsinki.
Their goal was to identify demographic (人口统计的), environmental, and behavioral risk factors that could influence these anxiety - related characteristics in dogs. Their analysis showed that hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention were more common in young dogs and male dogs. They also found some major differences among breeds.
Interestingly, researchers discovered that the owner’s experience with dogs also had an impact. They found that hyperactivity and impulsivity are more common in dogs that aren’t their owners’ first dogs. “We can only conclude the possible relationship between these factors, but one possible explanation is that people try to choose easy individuals from less active breeds, like companion dog breeds as their first dogs,” says Sulkama.
They also calculated the urban environmental score for each dog. That describes how the land is used around the dog’s current home, breaking it down into artificial surface, agricultural areas, forests, and semi natural areas.
Although it might seem like most dogs are easily distracted to some extent, studies suggest that about 15% of dogs display high levels of hyperactivity and 20% show high levels of inattention. Researchers say they can make it easier to identify and treat dogs’ hyperactivity and inattention and may benefit the research. They can also be helpful when choosing to add a dog to the family. You might want to adopt a pet with the characteristics of a breed that matches your lifestyle.
30．What’s one of the factors causing dogs’ hyperactivity
A．Their noise sensitivity. B．Their owners’ character,
C．Their aggressive behavior. D．Their exposure to other dogs.
31．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The research content. B．The research process.
C．The background of the study. D．The composition of the research team.
32．What can we learn from the text
A．Active dogs are less likely to suffer from hyperactivity. B．People are sick of dogs with hyperactivity.
C．Hyperactivity in dogs is transmitted by their owners. D．People’s first pet dog is often less active.
33．What is the purpose of the study
A．To understand dogs’ behavioral problems. B．To collect a large behavioral data of dogs.
C．To help a company promote pet supplies. D．To research dogs’ mental health.
Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
The hotline is available in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can hear a group of kindergartners saying together:“You can do it! Keep trying, don’t give up!” Pressing 4 triggers the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calm to people in difficult times. ”To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comfortingshe says.
Students working on the hotline should first think of what they would like to say to encourage someone else. When they were ready, Ms. Martin recorded each one. Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline. Pressing 1 brings up ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or nervous“. Helpful suggestions include: ”punch your pillow“, “jump on the trampoline”, or ”go get a cookie“. Pressing 2 results in “words of encouragement and life advice”, which includes messages like: ”The world is a better place with you in it.“ And “You are okay!”
Words of the hotline spread quickly on social media. The hotline has become incredibly popular with stressed adults, patients in hospitals, older people in homes, and others who just want to hear the happy voices of children.
34．What is Jessica’s main purpose in launching the hotline project
A．To get cheerful advice from kids.
B．To make hotline calls available to people in need.
C．To bring comfort to people in depression.
D．To spread the happy voices of children.
35．You are likely to be advised to have some snacks by________.
A．Pressing 1 B．Pressing 2
C．Pressing 3 D．Pressing 4
36．Who is most likely to dial the hotline
A．A child who wants to share positive messages.
B．An adult who has just been promoted in his career.
C．A youngster who embraces the comforts of ordinariness.
D．A senior who has been diagnosed cancer.
37．Which of the following can best describe the students
A．Thoughtful and cheerful. B．Confident and diligent.
C．Hopeful and successful. D．Optimistic and unbelievable.
What do people do with their old out of date but still useful computers Most people don’t know how to deal with them. They just don’t use them any longer. Finally, some companies are thinking of ways to bring down the number of old computers. Sony has agreed to help recycle old Sony products (产品). Dell, Hewlett parkard and other companies now also take back some old computers of their own brands.
In some countries, laws have been passed, puter companies have to pay for collecting and recycling their used products. And 70% of the computer waste must be recycled. That will encourage computer companies to make computers which are easier and cheaper to repair and upgrade (升级).
Yet many people are throwing away good computers, while others cannot afford them at all. Hundreds of organizations are working on this problem. They collect and repair old computers. These repaired computers then go to schools, charities (慈善团体) or people who need them. Giving a used computer to one of these organizations can turn one person’s rubbish into someone else’s useful things and cut down waste, too.
38．According to Paragraph 1, what do many people do with old computers
A．They repair them. B．They sell them.
C．They send them to others. D．They stop using them.
39．How many computer companies are mentioned in the first paragraph
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
40．According to the laws in some countries, computer companies must________.
A．recycle most of their products B．collect all their used products
C．repair and upgrade old computers D．make more cheaper computers
41．What is the main idea of this passage
A．Repairing old computers.
B．Encouraging computer companies to make cheap computers.
C．Recycling old computers.
D．Helping those who need computers.
New apps provide more sources of information and bring convenience. Here are some of the newest free apps. If you are interested, download them to your smartphone!
iEDUIt allows students to search for iEDU advising center information, where you can discover new educational information, aid, opportunities and advice. Indie ShuffleIt allows you to look through lesser-known artists’ music. You can save songs or artists you like and find bands with similar sounds.
BrainPOPBrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It is free and teaches you something new in English every day. TodoistIt is a time saver, an app helping you manage your time, add a task and even assign tasks to other people who need a quick reminder!
42．Who is iEDU mainly intended for
A．Workers. B．Doctors. C．Students. D．Drivers.
43．What will you choose to download if you are a music lover
A．iEDU. B．Indie Shuffle. C．BrainPOP. D．Todoist.
44．BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a(n) _______ way.
A．interesting B．boring C．difficult D．cheap
45．Todoist can help you do the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．add a task B．manage your time
C．assign tasks to others D．teach you English
The Earth’s ozone (臭氧) layer is on its way to recovering, thanks to decades of work to get rid of ozone-damaging chemicals, a panel of international experts backed by the United Nations has found.
The ozone layer serves an important function for living things on Earth. This shield in the stratosphere (平流层) protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of the sun’s radiation.
The international community was alarmed after experts discovered a hole in the ozone layer in May 1985. Scientists had previously discovered that chemicals, used in manufacturing certain sprays and used as refrigerants (制冷剂), could destroy ozone. Two years after the discovery of the dreadful state of the ozone layer, international bodies adopted a global agreement called the Montreal Protocol. This established the phaseout (逐步淘汰) of almost 100 man-made chemicals that were tied to the destruction of the all-important ozone.
In the latest report on the progress of the Montreal Protocol, the UN-backed panel confirmed that nearly 99% of banned ozone-eating substances have been phased out. If current policies stay in place, the ozone layer is expected to recover to 1980 values by 2040, the United Nations announced. In some places, it may take longer. Experts said that 1980-level recovery over Antarctica is expected by around 2066 and by 2045 over the Arctic.
The destruction of the ozone layer is not a major cause of climate change. But research is showing that these efforts to save the ozone layer are proving beneficial in the fight against climate change. “Ozone action is a pioneer for climate action,” said World Meteorological Organization Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. “Our success in phasing out ozone-eating chemicals shows us that what can and must be done-as a matter of urgency-to shift away from fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gases and so limit temperature increase.”
46．Why did the international community start to protect the ozone layer
A．Because the Montreal Protocol was signed.
B．Because chemicals could destroy the ozone layer.
C．Because a hole in the ozone layer was discovered.
D．Because the stratosphere is harmful to human health.
47．Which of the following can NOT help protect the ozone layer
A．Using less hair-setting spray.
B．Increasing refrigerant production.
C．Minimizing the use of cold air-conditioner.
D．Phasing out ozone-consuming substances.
48．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．The Montreal Protocol is taking effect.
B．The ozone layer will fully recover by 2040.
C．The Montreal Protocol needs to be improved.
D．The ozone layer protection has a long way to go.
49．What can be inferred from Petteri Taalas’ words
A．Climate protection has led to the ozone protection.
B．The destruction of ozone layer didn’t cause climate change.
C．It’s an urgency to reduce the use of ozone-eating chemicals.
D．Ozone protection guides our future efforts in climate action.
Not only do we humans enjoy talking-and talking a lot-we also do so in very different ways: about 6,000 languages are spoken today worldwide. How this wealth of expression developed, however, largely remains unknown. A group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics have now found that word-orders in languages from different language families develop differently.
This contradicts the common understanding that word-order develops in accordance with a set of universal rules, applicable to all languages. The researchers have concluded that languages do not primarily follow innate(固有的) rules of language processing in the brain. Rather, sentence structure is determined by the historical context in which a language develops.
The researchers analysed 301 languages from four major language families: Austronesian, Indo-European, Bantu and Uto-Aztecan. They focused on the order of the different sentence parts, such as “verb-object”, “preposition-noun”, or “relative clause-noun”, and whether their position in the sentence influenced the other parts of the sentence. In this way, the researchers wanted to find out whether the position of the verb has other syntactic(句法的) consequences: if the verb is placed before the object, for example, “The player kicks the ball”, is the preposition also placed before the noun (“into the goal”) Such a pattern is observed in many languages, but is it a common feature of how languages develop
“Our study shows that different processes occur in different language families,” says Michael Dunn,the lead researcher. “The evolution of language does not follow one universal set of rules.” For example, the “verb-object” pattern influences the “preposition-noun” pattern in the Austronesian and Indo-European languages, but not in the same way, and not in the other two language families.
“Cultural evolution has much more influence on language development than universal factors. Language structure is apparently not so much biologically determined as it is shaped by its ancestry,” says Michael Dunn.
50．What does the underlined “This” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．People enjoy talking a lot in different ways.
B．About 6,000 languages are spoken today worldwide.
C．The group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute.
D．Word-orders in different languages develop differently.
51．Why did the researchers analyse the 301 languages
A．To find out which language family they belonged to.
B．To find out whether they had an influence on sports.
C．To find out how sentences in them were formed.
D．To find out whether they developed the same way or not.
52．What can be known from the study about the language development
A．It’s a natural process. B．It’s a cultural process.
C．It’s a universal process. D．It’s a biological process.
53．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．How Languages Changed in History
B．What Rules Language Development Obeys
C．Historical Context Guides Language Development
D．Sentence Structure Determines Language Development
Travelling as a father and daughter is more than sightseeing — it’s about seeing the world from each other’s point of view.
Colorado Springs, Colorado
If you and your dad are the outdoorsy types, Colorado Springs is ideal for dusting off those hiking shoes and hitting some of the most beautiful part of the Front Range. Explore the iconic Garden of the Gods, where red sandstone is sharpened into striking towers. Head to the famous Pike’s Peak to test your courage and take in some of the best views in Colorado.
After the adventure, visit a pub to celebrate your successful trip as a perfect complement to a long day outdoors.
Las Vegas, Nevada
Whatever you fancy on a vacation, Las Vegas has it, making it a perfect destination for fathers and daughters looking for a place that will keep them busy until they board their flight home. Just visit the big-name casinos (赌场) like the Venetian and Caesar’s Palace, or pop into one of the many A-list shows for world-class entertainment options.
Museum-goers will be spoiled for choice, to dive into the history of organized crime at the Mob Museum, or walk among historic signs at the Neon Museum.
Austin, Texas
With arich culture, Austin is great for a barbecue-appreciating, eclectic-music-loving father-daughter duo (搭档). The “Live Music Capital of the World” has more than 250 music venues featuring everything from country and rock to electronica (电子乐). If you have wide-ranging music tastes, make your way to the Red River Cultural District, where institutions invite cutting-edge indie, rock, and hip-hop artists to the stage.
You’re bound to have an appetite after rocking out so hard, so get a protein boost there. Smoking beef, tasty sausages and snacks are anything but ordinary.
54．Who will consider Colorado when planning a trip
A．Museum goers.
B．Sports players.
C．Enthusiastic hikers.
D．Music lovers.
55．According to the text, what makes Las Vegas a perfect destination
A．Tasty dishes.
B．Numerous pubs.
C．Convenient flights.
D．Top entertainment shows.
56．Which of the following can’t a father-daughter duo experience in Austin
A．Enjoying rock and eclectic music.
B．Appreciating live music performances.
C．Walking among historic signs in museums.
D．Satisfying their appetite with some extraordinary food.
After spending almost a year and a half in near-total isolation some 230 feet underground, Beatriz Flamini emerged from a cave in southern Spain and asked: Who’s buying the beer
The climber and mountaineer had entered the cave in Granada on Nov. 21, 2021, determined to spend 500 days alone-monitored from afar by a group of scientists-to explore the effects of isolation on the human body and mind.
Flamini was 48 years old when she went down, and 50 when she officially completed the challenge on Friday.
After resurfacig, Flamini embraced supporters, met with her doctors and spent nearly an hour talking to the reporters who had gathered outside. She told them she was ready for a drink and a shower but could have stayed in the cave longer.
Flamini’s team says she spent her days reading, drawing, exercising, knitting wooly hats and recording herself with two GoPros. Spanish production company Dokumalia plans to turn her experience into a documentary, NBC reports.
Flamini said she’d lost track of time after about two months in the cave, and thought she had only been in there for some 160 or 170 days. She described the experience as “superb, matchless”, telling reporters that she never even considered hitting the panic button. “In fact, I didn’t want to come out,” she said.
Flamini’s months in the cave were spent in silence and solitude but not without remote supervision. Before going underground, she told her team not to contact her under any circumstances, even a family member’s death.
“If it’s no communication, it’s no communication regardless of the circumstances,” she said according to NBC News. “The people who know me knew and respected that.”
A technical problem forced Flamini to briefly pause the challenge around Day 300, the Associated Press reports. She spent eight days in a tent, without making contact with anyone, before returning to the cave.
57．Why did Flamini decide to live in the cave
A．To experience a new life style in a cave.
B．To test the limit on human living in caves.
C．To investigate how isolation affects human.
D．To break the record of living underground.
58．What did Flamini do in the cave
A．She made a documentary.
B．She knitted wooly sweater.
C．She worked out on her own.
D．She used GoPros to track time.
59．What did Flamini think of her stay in the cave
A．It was panic but fulfilling.
B．It was long but rewarding.
C．It was unbearable but valuable.
D．It was awesome and unbeatable.
60．What does the underlined word “solitude” probably mean
A．Being alone.
B．Being excited.
C．Being independent.
D．Being self-disciplined.
It was about ten years ago on a cold winter day. I was walking over to visit my dad when it began raining heavily. Although his house was only a short walk from mine, I was wet all over and it chilled (使冰冷) my bones. I knocked on his door and stepped in. Warm steam was floating from the kitchen. It touched my nose, and suddenly, I was 8 years old again. Dad was making Nana’s special sauce.
When I was growing up, Nana would make us an Italian feast every Sunday. She would slowly cook her spaghetti (意大利面) sauce for hours. Then she would drop in potatoes, chicken, meatballs, sausage and sometimes even steak. When it was done, we would mix it in the spaghetti, fix the plates and sprinkle(洒) it on the cheese. It always left our bellies full, our hearts happy and the house smelling heavenly.
I sat down while Dad made me a plate. It felt so good having a meal like we used to when I was a boy. We talked about those old times, my warm-hearted aunt and laughed over the memories, both good and bad. I didn’t feel cold any more.
Dad and Nana have been gone for years now. I still miss them both every single day. Although my daughter and I both know how to make Nana’s special sauce, we don’t cook it as often as we could. Maybe it is because no matter how hard I try, I can never get it 100 percent right. Maybe it was just the love with which Nana and Dad cooked it that made it so delicious. Either way, this winter, I’m going to make some again.
61．How was the author feeling on his way to his father’s house
A．Excited. B．Cold. C．Tired. D．Warm.
62．What can we learn about the Italian feast when the author was growing up
A．It was nice and delicious. B．He had to make it by himself.
C．The spaghetti was mixed with everything. D．He never felt full after it.
63．Nana was most probably the author’s _________.
A．sister B．wife C．aunt D．daughter
64．What is the best title for the passage
A．A Travel in Winter B．My Cooking Experience
C．Nana and My Dad D．Special Sauce with Love
Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with no warning. They move quickly, pull trees out of the ground, destroy buildings and hurt people.
Being caught in a flood is dangerous, not only because there is so much water and it’s moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Debris (残骸) in the current can injure anyone in the floodwater, making swimming more difficult. To survive a flash flood, keep the following things in your mind.
If a flood warning is issued, try to find a shelter immediately. Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters.
Avoid bridges that cross rapidly moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to break.
Stay inside a car that is trapped in fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car, and then move to the roof of it.
Avoid power lines. A knocked-down power line can cause surrounding water to become charged, leading to injury
Listen to the broadcast for further instructions before getting away from the flood successfully.
The results of a flood can be just as deadly. It can cause power failure and traffic jams, and break down communication. In addition, it may not be possible to deliver food and water to the flooded area. After the flood, return to your home only after local governments have said it is safe to do so. Use bottled or boiled water for drinking and cooking. And avoid driving through flooded areas and walking alone outside at night.
65．When a flash flood happens, you should _______.
A．try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters
B．choose the bridges that cross rapidly moving water
C．get out of a car that is trapped in fast-moving water
D．avoid power lines
66．What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A．The car. B．The bridge.
C．The house. D．The power line.
67．After the flood, it is safe to _____.
A．go back to your home quickly B．use bottled or boiled water
C．drive through flooded areas D．walk alone outside at night
68．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A diary. B．A story book.
C．A newspaper. D．A travel guidebook.
During the last few years we have lived through a series of worrying global events, from the COVID pandemic to devastating wildfires.Instead of feeling informed after watching the news, many people feel anxious, upset and sick. A new study published in Journal of Health Communication investigated into this problem.
According to the study, stress, anxiety, and poor health follow people who have a constant urge to check the news. For these individuals, a vicious (恶性的) cycle can develop in which, rather than tuning out, they become drawn further in, checking for updates around the clock to relieve their emotional stress. But it doesn’t help, and the more they check the news, the more it begins to interfere (干扰) with other aspects of their lives.
Of the 1,100 people surveyed for the study, 16.5 percent became so absorbed in the news that it dominated their thoughts, limited the time they spent with family and friends and made it difficult to focus on school or work, Those are the very things-purposeful engagement and social connection-that help us cope with stress and mental health challenges.
According to Bryan MeLaughlin,one of the authors,the findings show that people should develop a healthier relationship with the news.“For example,previous research has shown that individuals who became concerned about the bad effects that their constant attention to COVID-19 was having on their mental health reported making the conscious decision to tune out.This comes at the expense of an individual’s access to important information for their health and safety. This is why a healthy relationship with news consumption is an ideal situation,” he said.
In addition, the study also calls out the need for a wider discussion about how the news industry may be fueling the problem. Journalists often focus on selecting “newsworthy” stories that would grab news consumers’ attention because of the economic pressures. “However, for certain types of people, news stories not only grab their attention and draw them in, but also can be harmful to individuals’ health,”McLaughlin said.
69．What does the underlined phrase “this problem” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．That news addiction may bring negative effects.
B．That COVID-19 affects people’s mental health.
C．That people are exposed to too much information.
D．That journalists focus on terrifying stories to impress readers.
70．Who may be easier to be affected by the news
A．People with difficulty in socializing.
B．People with a burning thirst for news.
C．People who have trouble focusing on school or work.
D．People who love to share their feelings on the Internet.
71．What might Bryan McLaughlin agree with
A．The press is regarded as a booming industry.
B．People should avoid being engaged in the news.
C．Journalists should focus on newsworthy stories.
D．People should find balance between staying informed and maintaining health.
72．What is the best title for the text
A．Healthy News Consumption Is Crucial
B．News Addiction Links to Poor Well-being
C．How News Industry Fuels News Addiction
D．Highly Informed Readers Suffer From Anxiety
Artwork Contest-Create a Character!
Are you an artist Do you love testing your creative abilities This may be the perfect contest for you! For this contest,we want you to create your own character. You must create a backstory for the character and give it a name make sure to leave these in the author’s notes section of your submission!
Your character must be completely original. Any character that is not created from your own idea and work will not be considered for the contest.
Rules:
·You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
·No inappropriate content.
·Submissions must relate to the topic (Create a Character).
Guidelines and Details:
·All art mediums are accepted.
·There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit.
·Give your character a name and backstory. Leave these in the “Author’s Comments”section of your submission.
How to Submit:
·Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. ·Include the words“Character Contest“ in your submission’s title.
·Submit your reviews to the “Artwork” category on our site. Select the art type that is relevant to what you are submitting.
Prizes:
·Honorable mentions will have their characters published in our magazine.
·The overall winner will receive a $ 200 Amazon gift card.
73．What is the requirement for your submission
A．It must be original work. B．It must be about your own life.
C．It must include a story of yourself. D．It must include several characters.
74．Which of the following is there a limit to for your submission
A．The form of art. B．The age of a participant.
C．The number of pieces submitted. D．The name given to your character.
75．What do we know about Teen Ink
A．It’s a magazine. B．It’s an art club.
C．It’s an art school. D．It’s a student organization.
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，研究发现，母亲的抑郁症会影响到孩子的智商，这种影响一直会持续到他们进入青春期。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“They also asked questions to assess the home life, featuring the level of connection between the mother and child.(他们还问了一些问题来评估家庭生活，描述母亲和孩子之间的互动程度)”可知，研究人员在研究中询问一些问题，以此评价母亲和孩子之间的亲密关系。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16.(研究人员发现，孩子一岁时母亲的抑郁症状与孩子16岁时的认知功能测试得分较低有关)”和“We found that mothers who were highly depressed didn’t invest (投入) emotionally or in providing learning materials to support their child, such as toys and books, as much as mothers who were not depressed. This, in turn, impacted the child’s IQ at ages 5, 10 and 16(我们发现，与不抑郁的母亲相比，高度抑郁的母亲在情感上或为孩子提供学习材料方面的投入更少，如玩具和书籍。这反过来又影响了孩子在5岁、10岁和16岁时的智商)”可知，研究人员得出的结论是：母亲患有抑郁症会对孩子的智商有负面影响。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the authors recognize that these families in Chile can be very different from mothers and children of other cultural backgrounds or nationalities. Besides, all the families studied were from a similar cultural background and socioeconomic status and had a similar level of education.(然而，作者承认，智利的这些家庭可能与其他文化背景或国籍的母亲和儿童非常不同。此外，所有被研究的家庭都来自相似的文化背景和社会经济地位，并具有相似的教育水平)”可知，这项研究的作者们认为这些研究发现可能不是很具有代表性。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段第一句“Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16.(研究人员发现，孩子一岁时母亲的抑郁症状与孩子16岁时的认知功能测试得分较低有关)”以及第四段最后一句“Our study results show the long-term consequences that a child can experience due to long-term mothers’ depression.(我们的研究结果表明，母亲长期抑郁会给孩子带来长期的影响)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究结果，母亲的抑郁症会影响到孩子的智商，这种影响一直会持续到他们进入青春期，故B项“母亲的抑郁症对孩子的影响”为最佳标题，故选B。
5．D 6．B 7．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者由于生活方式不健康及压力水平导致身体出了问题，听了医生的警告后作者不再工作到深夜，也开始选择营养和健康的食物，坚持了4年后作者的健康状况有所改善，工作也更加有效率。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中作者回答医生的话“I am a graduate student with a tight schedule that usually keeps me at work late into the night(我是一名研究生，日程安排很紧，经常工作到深夜)”和“I only have coffee for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, I usually grab something from a fast-food stand on campus.(我早餐只喝咖啡。午餐和晚餐，我通常会在校园里的快餐店买点吃的)”以及最后一句“As more questions followed about my stress levels and lifestyle, my unhealthy state began to sink in.(随着更多关于我的压力水平和生活方式的问题接踵而至，我开始陷入不健康的状态)”可知，作者的问题是生活方式不健康。故选D。
6．词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“instead of giving my mind and body a rest, I drank energy boosters to maintain my strength (我没有让我的大脑和身体休息，而是喝能量加强剂来保持我的体力)”可知，喝能量加强剂说明身体能量耗尽，故sluggish意为“筋疲力尽”。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Many times, I was tempted to go back to my old routine. I placed sticky notes in my office and at home to remind myself that if I didn’t make healthy choices, I’d suffer consequences.(很多时候，我都想回到以前的生活。我在办公室和家里都放了便利贴，提醒自己如果不做健康的选择，我就会承担后果)”及最后一段中“It’s been 4 years now…(到现在已经4年了)”可知，作者是由于长期的自律才恢复了健康，故选C。
8．C 9．B 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了哥伦比亚举重运动员Oscar Figueroa在经历四届奥运会之后最终获得金牌的故事。
8．词义猜测题。根据第二自然段第一句“In the 2004 Olympic Games, Figueroa’s first appearance, he had a less-than-perfect performance but was still able to swing a fifth-place finish. (在2004年奥运会上，Figueroa首次亮相，他的表现并不完美，但仍能获得第五名。)”可知，Figueroa在2004年奥运会上表现并不完美。所以下文“He looked forward to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as a way to redeem himself. ”是说他期待着2008年北京奥运会来证明自己。故redeem意为“证明”。A. forgive原谅；B. thank感激；C. prove证明；D. abandon抛弃。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第三自然段“In 2016, he headed to Rio to earn the highest prize—and claim that prize he did! (2016年，他前往里约获得最高奖项，并获得了该奖项！)”可知，Figueroa于2016年获得金牌。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第三自然段“In a few moments, he took off his shoes and put them or the stage, symbolizing his decision to finally retire from his time as an Olympian. (2016年，他前往里约获得最高奖项，并获得了该奖项！在最后一次举起后，菲格罗亚知道自己的表现是多么令人难以置信，哭着倒在了地上。过了一会儿，他脱下鞋子，把它们放在舞台上，象征着他最终决定退出奥运会。)”可知，Figueroa在里约奥运会上脱下鞋子是因为他决心以奥运选手的身份退役。故选B。
11．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了哥伦比亚举重运动员Oscar Figueroa在经历四届奥运会之后最终获得金牌的故事。所以本文最有可能出现在报纸的体育版面。故选D。
12．B 13．D 14．C 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最佳的锻炼时间是你能坚持的时间，并且最重要的是定期锻炼。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“There’s always been debate about the best time of day to work out. For the longest time I’ve heard that exercising in the morning is ideal, but others say a nighttime workout benefits them more. I was one of those evening exercisers when I was working in an office regularly but have since shifted to late morning workouts. Is one time really better than another, and why (关于一天中锻炼的最佳时间一直存在争议。很长一段时间以来，我都听说早上锻炼是理想的，但也有人说晚上锻炼对他们更有益。当我定期在办公室工作时，我是那些晚上锻炼的人之一，但从那以后我就转向了早上锻炼。一段时间真的比另一段时间好吗？为什么？)”可知，作者谈论这场辩论是为了引入文章主题。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“The best time to exercise is whenever you can, but the best time of day to exercise is the time you can stick with for days, weeks and months.(锻炼的最佳时间是任何时间，但是一天中锻炼的最佳时间是你能坚持几天、几周、几个月的时间)”可知，你能坚持的时间是锻炼的最佳时间。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Regardless of when you work out, there are many health benefits from moving regularly, like improving your heart health, getting stronger or even improving your endurance.(不管你什么时候锻炼，有规律的运动对健康有很多好处，比如改善你的心脏健康，变得更强壮，甚至提高你的耐力)”以及最后一段“The fact of the matter is that people who exercise invariably see better weight loss and fitness results in the long-term. Research also suggests that your body can adapt to regular training schedules, so if you work out every morning, you will probably get a lot better at working out in the morning, and the same in regard to night workouts.(事实是，长期锻炼的人总是能看到更好的减肥和健身效果。研究还表明，你的身体可以适应有规律的训练计划，所以如果你每天早上锻炼，你可能会在早上锻炼得更好，晚上锻炼也是如此)”可知，最重要的是定期锻炼。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Is one time really better than another, and why (一段时间真的比另一段时间好吗？为什么？)”结合文章主要说明了最佳的锻炼时间是你能坚持的时间，并且最重要的是定期锻炼。可知，C选项“一天中锻炼的最佳时间”最符合文章标题。故选C。
16．A 17．C 18．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了读者可选择的四本好书。
16．细节理解题。根据Feral: Losing Myself and Finding My Way in America’s National Parks下的“Emily Pennington”和该部分中的“her expressive storytelling is sure to engage and inspire readers.(她富有表现力的故事情节一定会吸引和激发读者的兴趣)”可知，Pennington所写的有趣的故事情节会激发读者的兴趣，故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据Three Castles Burning: A History of Dublin in Twelve Streets部分中的“In this celebration of the history of Ireland’s capital, Fallon takes readers through a dozen Dublin Streets exploring how the cityscape contributed to political and social movements and reflects the diverse culture of its residents. It touches many parts of Dublin’s history.(在这个庆祝爱尔兰首都的历史，Fallon带领读者通过十几个都柏林街道探索城市景观是如何有助于政治和社会运动，并反映其居民的多元文化。它涉及到都柏林历史的许多部分)”可知，第二本书Three Castles Burning: A History of Dublin in Twelve Streets全面介绍了都柏林，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第三本书Feral: Losing Myself and Finding My Way in America’s National Parks部分中的“Pennington’s story of personal growth is told with the natural wonders she encounters(讲述了Pennington的个人成长故事与她遇到的自然奇观)”和第四本书Earth’s the Right Place for Love部分中的“As Arthur nears the end of his life, he mentally relives the highs and lows of his teens and early early adulthood in the late 1940s and early 1950s in a small town in Missouri, remembering meeting the love of his life, and learning to see his parents in a new light.(随着Arthur的生命接近尾声，他在精神上重温了20世纪40年代末和50年代初在密苏里州一个小镇上青少年时期和早期成年时期的高潮和低谷，回忆着遇到了一生挚爱，并学会以一种全新的眼光看待父母)”可知，最后两本书的共同之处在于都介绍了作者过去的经历。故选B。
19．B 20．A 21．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在加利福尼亚州太浩湖可以做的一些事情。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You cannot visit Lake Tahoe without actually getting out on the water. With so many amazing things to do in the area, there is no shortage of fun. The alpine (高寒的) area is renowned for its countless opportunities for adventure, and it is home to some of the best beach and ski opportunities as well as a large amount of beautiful scenery.(游览太浩湖，你就得亲自到水面上去。高山地区以其无数的冒险机会而闻名，它是一些最好的海滩和滑雪机会以及大量美丽的风景的家园)”可推知，太浩湖以其水上探险而闻名。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据Around The Lake Tahoe Tour部分中的“You will be aboard a luxury shuttle bus with incredible views of Squaw Valley and more with a tour guide who will entertain you with interesting facts about the area while you stop periodically at picturesque sites.(你将乘坐豪华穿梭巴士，欣赏斯阔谷的美景，导游将在你定期停留在风景如画的景点时，为你介绍该地区的有趣事实)”可知，在环太浩湖之旅中，你可以定期在景点停留。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据Hellman-Ehrman Mansion部分中的“The Hellman-Ehrman Mansion the third best selling attraction in Lake Tahoe, California, it is a good experience for all ages. You will get to see many sights including the Ice House, the children’s house, the dressing room and the pump house.(赫尔曼-埃尔曼大厦是加州太浩湖第三大畅销景点，适合所有年龄段的人。你会看到许多景点，包括冰屋、儿童之家、更衣室和泵房)”可知，Hellman-Ehrman Mansion适合一个三代人的家庭。故选D。
22．D 23．C 24．A 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是精神卫生保健是土耳其地震后重建的重要组成部分。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段中“many of the more than 5. 4 million children who live across the area affected by the earthquake were at risk of developing anxiety, depression and other disorders.（生活在地震灾区的540多万儿童中，许多人有患上焦虑、抑郁和其他疾病的风险。）”可知，地震后Gul的问题是“她的精神健康受到了损害。”故选D。
23．推理判断题。最后一段段末 “She urged the government to provide money for training psychologists to be sent to the earthquake areas to stay there. ‘We shouldn’t withdraw our attention three months later,’（她敦促政府为培训心理学家提供资金，让他们留在地震灾区。他说，我们不应该在三个月后转移注意力。）”可知，从文章中我们可以推断出“专注于精神安慰应该持续下去。”故选C。
24．词义猜测题。根据空后“meaning that the tension continues over time.（也就是说这种紧张关系会持续一段时间。）”可知，划线词的意思是“持久的，长期不变的”。故选A。
25．主旨大意题。根据全文，尤其是第二段“Experts fear children will be hardest hit. The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) said many of the more than 5. 4 million children who live across the area affected by the earthquake were at risk of developing anxiety, depression and other disorders.（专家担心儿童将受到最严重的打击。联合国国际儿童紧急基金会(UNICEF)表示，其中许多超过5人。生活在受地震影响地区的400万儿童面临患上焦虑、抑郁和其他疾病的风险。）”可知，B项“Mental Healthcare an Important Part of Recovery from Turkey Quake（精神卫生保健 土耳其地震后重建的重要组成部分）”切题。故选B。
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是敏感这种特质的好处和可能会带来的不利影响。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“There are plenty of traits (特性) we take pride in but being “sensitive” is usually seen as a weakness.(我们有很多引以为豪的特质，但“敏感”通常被视为一种弱点。)”可知，人们对“敏感”的普遍态度是消极的。故选B。
27．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“As a personality trait, being sensitive means you take in more information from your environment, and you do more with it. Sensitive people are better at a brain level to process information more deeply than others do.(作为一种人格特质，敏感意味着你从环境中获取更多信息，并利用这些信息做更多的事情。敏感的人在大脑层面上比其他人更能深入地处理信息。)”及“Sensitive people have this capacity for innovation (创新) because they tend to be deep thinkers who spend more time and energy turning problems over in their heads—and end up seeing more possibilities and solutions.(敏感的人有这种创新能力，因为他们往往是深刻的思考者，他们花更多的时间和精力在头脑中思考问题，最终看到更多的可能性和解决方案。)”可知，本段主要论述敏感的人更能创新，更富有创造力，也就是敏感的人的长处。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“For example, a little bit of quiet alone time goes a very long way.(例如，一点点安静的独处时间可以很有帮助。)”可知，如果敏感的人受到过度刺激，对他们最好的建议是在一个安静的地方独自休息。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But that’s a trap. You cannot make yourself less sensitive than you are and trying to do so only cuts you off from your gifts.(但这是个陷阱。你不能让自己变得不那么敏感，这样做只会切断你的天赋。)”可知，隐藏你的敏感的影响是更少的天赋，故选A。
30．D 31．A 32．D 33．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员为了理解伴侣狗常见的行为问题展开了调查。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers at the University of Helsinki recently examined hyperactivity (过分好动) and inattention in more than 11, 000 Finnish pet dogs. They found that the dog’s age and gender, as well as exposure to other dogs, played a part.(赫尔辛基大学的研究人员最近对11,000多只芬兰宠物狗进行了多动症和注意力不集中的研究。他们发现，狗的年龄和性别，以及与其他狗的接触，都起到了一定作用。)”可知，导致狗狗过度活跃的一个因素是它们与其他狗狗的接触。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“We wanted to collect a large behavioral data of dogs to better understand behavior problems that are common in our companion dogs. We studied seven characteristics: noise sensitivity, fearfulness, fear of surfaces and heights, inattention, compulsive behavior, separation – related behavior, and aggression(我们想收集大量的狗的行为数据，以更好地理解我们的伴侣狗常见的行为问题。我们研究了七个特征：对噪音敏感、恐惧、对表面和高度的恐惧、注意力不集中、强迫行为、与分离有关的行为和攻击性)”可知，第二段主要讲了研究内容。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“They found that hyperactivity and impulsivity are more common in dogs that aren’t their owners’ first dogs.(他们发现，在不是主人养的第一只狗身上，多动和冲动更常见。)”和第三句中的“We can only conclude the possible relationship between these factors, but one possible explanation is that people try to choose easy individuals from less active breeds, like companion dog breeds as their first dogs(我们只能得出这些因素之间可能的关系，但一个可能的解释是，人们试图从不太活跃的品种中选择容易相处的个体，比如伴侣犬品种作为他们的第一只狗)”可知，从文中我们可以了解到人们的第一只宠物狗通常不太活跃。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We wanted to collect a large behavioral data of dogs to better understand behavior problems that are common in our companion dogs.(我们想收集大量的狗的行为数据，以更好地理解我们的伴侣狗常见的行为问题。)”可知，这项研究的目的是了解狗的行为问题。故选A。
34．A 35．A 36．D 37．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学学生和艺术老师合作创建的电话热线，该热线为处于困难时期的人们提供孩子们的快乐建议，迅速受到了社交媒体的传播和大众的欢迎。文章强调了这个热线背后的魔力词语和纯粹的喜悦，以及它为压力大的成年人、住院患者、老年人提供的服务。
34．