语法填空考点梳理---动词时态
Grace （win）this game every time we play.
Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she （come)back.
The science teacher told us that water (boil) at the temperature of 100C.
I used to be weak in English, but because of Ms. Miller, I put in more effort and my scores doubled. She ________(teach) us so well.
For example, whoever (break) the traffic rules should be punished.
Nick: We’re (plan) to play them at the school party at the end of next month.
Max is an actor. But he has already (be) out of work for 15 years.
I will learn to play the piano in high school. I (be) not into it until I saw my neighbor playing in on my twelfth birthday.
Kangaroos are my favorite animals. My parents said they (plan) a family trip to Australia if I became one of the top ten students of my grade.
Please don’t make so much noise. The baby (sleep) now.
I saw Jeff in the park. He (sit) on the grass and reading a book.
My mother (be) a good example for me since I was young.
So the man sold all of his things，______(buy)some simple tools and began testing pebbles by the beach.
She (begin) piano lessons when she was only 6 years old.
Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork. It can make you confident when you are _____ (study).
Don’t be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you’ve ________ (miss).
What caused Anna’s problem The reason was that nobody (know) her.
The school was set up in 1921 and _______(remain) open today.
She _______(leave) by the time I arrived
Suddenly, she (hear)some shouting and turned to see a big, orange object coming towards her.
【答案】
1.wins 2.comes 3.boils 4.taught 5.breaks 6.planning 7.been 8.was 9.would planning 10.is sleeping
11.was sitting 12. has been 13.bought 14.began 15.studying 16.missed 17.knew 18.remains 19.had left
20. heard
要点解析：
1. 选择正确的时态
找时间状语和关键词：
often ,always , usually, sometimes, once a week, ever, everyday等。（一般现在时）
yesterday, just now, 时间+ago, last +时间, in1990, just now等。 （一般过去时）
tomorrow, next week, in +一段时间等。（一般将来时）
now, at the moment, these days, Look！Listen!等。 (现在进行时)
then, at that time , this time yesterday, at nine o’clock yesterday，at that moment, when, while引导的时间状语从句等 （过去进行时）
如果讲诉的是一件过去说将来的事；或者在条件状语从句中，从句是一般过去时，那主句要用；或者宾语从句中主要是过去式，从句说将来，那主句要用。（过去将来时）
7) since, just, already, before, yet, up till now, over the years,in the past five years，three times等。（现在完成时）
8) by the time... ，by the end of last year, before I arrived, before 2000等 (过去完成时）
语法填空考点梳理---非谓语
1. Once upon a time there was no tea at all in England. People there used (drink) light beer.
2. Zhou says the Internet and other forms of media give children ways to get information besides from ______(ask) older generations.
3. Many people just grab(抓)a sandwich and keep on (work).
4.We must speak the language at any time. We must also practice (write) the language whenever we can.
5. Secondly, we must be able (speak) it correctly with confidence and without hesitation.
6. A good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only (memorize) rules from a grammar book.
7. When the man opened the door and saw the pastor and his children _______ (hold) food and gifts, his eyes were full of tears(眼泪).
8. If you remember the ______ (follow) information, your life will be much safer.
9.The noisy children are often ______ (punish) by the teachers to do some cleaning.
10.If you want to memorize these facts, you can do by reading aloud and ______ (repeat) out several times.
11.When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for ______.(process)
12.This program was so funny that we couldn’t help .(laugh)
13.They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, __________ (travel)alone.
14.—We are now busy ________ (prepare)for the Senior High School Entrance Examination.
—I see. Just take it easy.
15. These days, some primary school students are _______ (suppose) to be at school by 8:30 a.m.
Mary hasn’t ______ (write) to me for ages since she moved to Sydney. Maybe I have to call her up though it costs a lot.
17. It is our duty ______(keep) our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.
18.Would you mind _____(tell)me how ______(remember) English words
19. The thief was noticed _____(enter)the office building by the back door on the screen.
20. Look! There are many foreigners ________ (visit)the Great Wall.
21. Tom's mother is busy _____ (cook)breakfast for Tom.
22.Mom! Would you mind me _____(play)table tennis
23. We went to the beach last Sunday, and we had great fun _____(play) volleyball.
24.. —What could I get my father for Father's Day
—___________getting him a tie
A. Why not B. How about C. Why don't you D. Let’s
25.Remember ________ (return) the book to the library when you finish _______(finish) it.
26.She used to______(read) in the morning, but now she is used to ___(read) at night.
27.Nick, would you mind ______(not wear) those old jeans They look terrible.
28. The new treatments ____(invent) by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.
29.I spent a lot of time ______(practice)______(speak) English last weekend.
30.One of the difficulties we have ____(learn)English is how to remember new words and expressions.
31. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something ______(control) it.
32.What time do you expect her________(arrive)
33. Drivers shouldn’t be allowed ___(drive) after drinking, or they will break the law.
34. Tom often makes his brother _____(cry) but yesterday he was made___ (cry)by his brother.
35.When I was walking past the window, I noticed WangFei _____ (copy)my homework. I really got_______(annoy).
36.How kind you are! You always do what you can_________ (help)me.
37.We can make a fire ______(keep) the room warm so that we can chat for a while.
38. What way can you think of ______(kill) the mice in the room
39. — _______(be) a volunteer is great.
— I think so. Some of us want_______(be)volunteers for the London Olympics.
40. I’m used to ________ (send)him e-mails instead of _________ (write)him letters.
【答案】
1.to drink 2.asking 3.working 4.writing 5.to speak 6.to memorize 7.holding 8.following 9.punished 10.repeating 11.processing 12.laughing 13.to travel 14.preparing 15.supposed 16.written 17. to keep 18. telling, to remember 19. entering 20. visitingg 21. cooking 22. playing 23. playing 24. B 25. to return, finishing 26. read, reading 27. not wearing 28. invented 29. practicing speaking 30. learning 31. control 32. to arrive 33. to drive 34. Cry，to cry 35. copying, annoyed 36. to help 37. to keep 38. to kill 39. Being, to be 40. sending, writing
要点解析:
动词不定式
1）主语：做主语的不定式通常用it作形式主语，把不定式放后面
To speak English is not easy for us. =It is not easy for us to speak English.
2）表语：多数情况下，不定式做表语通常可转化作主语
My work is to clean the room every day. =To clean the room is my work.
3）宾语：只能做某些动词宾语，一般不作介词的宾语
He likes to play basketball.
4）宾补：在make, let, see, hear, watch等动词后接省to的不定式
She asked me to speak Chinese.
5）定语：不定式做定语要放在修饰词的后面，尤其是不定代词和序数词的定语要用不定式.
Have you got anything to eat
6）状语：不定式做状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致.
I’m sorry to trouble you. （原因状语）
I went to the library to study English. （目的状语）
7）用于固定句型中：1. It is + adj + for sb to do sth.
2. find (feel, consider, believe, think) it adj to do sth.
She found it boring to watch soap operas.
3.特殊疑问词+ to do sth.
I don’t know where to go for vacation.
动名词
1)主语: 谓语动词用单数
Eating too much is bad for your health.
2)宾语：表示一般的习惯性或抽象行为或经常性的动作.
I enjoyed playing basketball very much when I was a middle school student (动词宾语)
Stamps are used for sending letters.(介词宾语)
3)表语：多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成主语
His hobby is collecting stamps.= Collecting stamps is his hobby.
4)定语：只表明他所修饰的词的用途，所属关系等。至于所修饰词之前.
She is in the reading room.
We should improve our teaching methods.
3.过去分词
1) 定语：过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语是他所修饰的词。
I like the movies directed by Zhang Yimu.
2) 补足语：过去分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是他的逻辑宾语（即被动关系）.
He will have his hair cut after school.
4．知识点补充：
后跟to do (动词不定式) 作宾语的动词有：
要想拒绝忘记（want/would like, refuse, forget)
需要努力学习（need，try, learn)
喜欢同意帮助（like，agree，help）
希望努力开始（hope/wish, decide, begin/start)
另外还有：afford负担得起， expect期望， pretend假装， ask问， happen碰巧， choose选择
后跟to do作宾语补足语的动词有：
告诉请求要命令（tell，ask，want，order）
希望邀请教帮助（wish，invite，teach，help）
警告喜欢使人恨（warn，like，get，hate）
另外还有：allow允许；advise劝告，委托； remind提醒；show 显示；need需要； encourage鼓励； permit允许；
后跟动名词作宾语的动词有：
完成实践值得忙（finish，practice，be worth，be busy）
继续习惯别放弃（keep，be used to，give up）
考虑建议不禁想（consider，suggest，can’t help，feel like）
喜欢思念介意（enjoy，miss，mind）
宾补是不带to的动词不定式有：
一些动词要记牢，使役have，let与make；
一感（feel）注意（notice）观察（observe）听（listen to，hear）
睁眼一定要看（look at，see，watch）仔细
后接宾补省略to，变为被动to却须回
感官动词+doing/do的有：
see，watch，observe，notice，look at，hear，listen to，smell，taste（其中do表示动作的完整性，真实性；doing表示动作的连续性）
有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别：
1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）
forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）
2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事
3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾
regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔
5）try to do努力、企图做某事
try doing试验、试一试某种办法
6) mean to do打算，有意要…
mean doing意味着
7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情）
go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）
8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）
proposing doing建议（做某事）
need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义，此时相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如：need doing=need to be done
语法填空考点梳理---被动语态
1. The survey (make) among people from eight countries, including the US, UK and China. What's everyone doing
2. Right now more and more people are digging into their food with two sticks which ________ (call) chopsticks.
3. When tea (bring) to England at first, an old couple got some as a special treat.
4.It ______(report) that 56.7% Internet users and 67.2% of social media users in China are under the age of 30.
5.It ______ (know) that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.
6.Words written alike _______ (pronounce)differently in English.
7.The problems we face (mention)in his speech, but he didn't give the way to solve them.
8.Jenny lost lots of money because her purse _____ (steal)from her handbag when she was shopping.
9.She said the program_________ (design)for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture.
10. The study involved(使参与) 161 children aged between six and eight years old. And they (follow) up from the first grade to the third grade in school.
11. The movie The Wandering Earth _______ (praise) by most people when it first came out.
12.When you smile, your body starts producing the things which (call) endorphins（安多分）.
13. Drivers shouldn't _______ (allow) to drive after drinking, or they will break the law.
14. When the leaves are ready, they ________ (pick) by hand and then sent for processing.
15. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboos, ________ (turn) into objects of beauty.
【答案】
1.was made 2.are called 3. was brought 4.is reported 5.is known 6. are pronounced 7.were mentioned 8.was stolen 9.was designed 10.were followed 11.was praised 12.are called 13.be allowed 14.are picked 15.are turned
要点解析：
I 语态含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系的。
1）主语——谓语动词 主语是谓语动词的发出者 主动语态
2）主语——谓语动词 主语是谓语动词的承受者 被动语态
II 被动语态的构成 Be + done
<注> 在使用中，还有一种形式：get + done。两者的区别（get更强调行为的过程，be 侧重说明一种状态）
例： My little brother got scolded. 我的小弟弟受到了训斥。
The twins were caught in the rain. 这对双胞胎淋了雨。
III 主动语态与被动语态的转化
句子结构 转化方式
主+谓+宾 宾语直接提前 He built a new house in his hometown.---- A new house was built by him in his hometown.
主+谓+人宾（间宾）+物宾（直宾） 人宾提前 They gave the children many new books. The children were given many new books by them.
物宾提前（搭配介词） Many new books were given to the children by them.
主+谓+宾+宾补 宾语直接提前 We made Mr. White leader of our team.---- Mr. White was made leader of our team by us.
祈使句 Let +宾+be done… Keep the book where it is.----- Let the book be kept where it is.
主+谓+宾从 It + be done + 原从句 They say that Nell is one of the cleverest people. It is said that Nell is one of the cleverest people.
从句主语提前+be done+不定式to do We believed that he would succeed. He was believed to succeed. （这种情况并不常用）
<注> 一般都是用by来引出动作的实施者（主动语态的主语）。但有时，也会使用with，强调手段，方式，工具
例：The cat was killed by a heavy stone. 猫被（掉下来的）大石头砸死了。
The cat was killed with a heavy stone. 猫被（人用）大石头砸死了。
IV 被动语态的用法
1.执行者：不知或没必要指出 The front window was broken yesterday.
2.强调动作的承受着 These books are written especially for children.
3.强调动作的执行者 The beautiful gift was given by my grandfather.
4.执行者：无生命的事物 The old lady was killed by a car when she crossed the street.
5.习惯用法(be born, be located, be dressed, be determined, be seated, be devoted……) Linda was born in China in 1996. The famous bridge Zhaozhou Bridge is located in Zhaoxian County.
6.行文需要 The notion is especially opposed by those who have invented much in the area.
V 不能使用被动语态的情况
不及物动词 不及物动词没有宾语，也就根本不存在被动语态的问题
及 物 动 词 1.表示状态的vt 没有； The hall can hold 100 people.
2.宾语是反身代词或相互代词； We could hardly see each other in the fog.
3.宾语是不定式，动名词； He hoped to meet you. Tom enjoys listening to music.
4.宾语是自己身体的一部分； The man waved his hand.
5.宾语是从句（一般不考虑） She said that she was happy.
There be, 主系表结构
VI 被动语态的时态问题
被动语态的时态与主动语态的时态保持完全的一致。它的时态体现在动词be上。
时态 构成
一般现在时 Am/is/are + done The book is written by the famous writer Guoguo.
一般过去时 Was/were + done Many houses were destroyed in the earthquake.
现在进行时 Am/is/are +being done Their own house is being rebuilt.
过去进行时 Was/were + being done Many railways were being built in the US in 1678.
现在完成时 Have/has been done A new museum has been built in his hometown.
过去完成时 Had been done He asked if Mary had been sent to hospital.
一般将来时 Will/shall be done Check carefully, so any mistakes will be caught.
过去将来时 Would/should be done The government said this road would be built the next year.
将来完成时 Will/shall have been done The doctor says the operation will have been done tomorrow.
VII 被动语态的注意事项
1.与情态动词的连用 情态动词+be done
You might be asked to speak at the meeting.
These books may be appreciated better by older children.
2.非谓语动词的被动语态
非谓语动词 构成 举 例
不定式 To be done She was sent abroad to be trained.
现在分词 Being done The building being repaired is our library.
动名词 Being done He objected to being treated as a child.
3.主动表被动的情况语法填空考点梳理---名词的数
1.Do the other band (member) write any songs
2.After several sleepless (night), the actor decided to take the role.
3. My parents said they would plan a family trip to Australia if I became one of the top ten (student) of my grade.
4. When looking back at these past three (year), I remember many things.
5. I think there are two main (reason).
6. Rain forests are home to half of the animal _____(group) in the world.
7. She tells me that these new (experience) are a good source of ideas for her work.
8. One boy threw the ball too hard and it flew like a rocket over the (head) of all the other boys, and kept on flying.
9. I had prepared for several (month).
10.The eco-house is made of natural ( material)
11.It sets a good example and has many (lesson) to share with the world,” said the United Nations Environment Program.
12.I'll bring you back some (present). See you next month!
13.Some also left ________ (message).
14.It’s sports time.Most (boy)students in Class 1are playing football in the playground.
15.I see Elias as one of the __________(tool) to get different kinds of practice into the classroom,” a teacher told Reuters.
16. But in many ________(country), music classes in schools are losing their place.
17. “Yes, that may be true, but the ________(kid) would know the difference.”
18.Students have to post exercise _________ (photo) in their classes' QQ groups.
19. It can help people take photos and ________(video) .
20.Astronauts say that one of the most difficult _______ (part) of space exploration(探测) is sharing a tiny area with other people for a long time.
【答案】
members 2.nights 3.students 4.years 5. reasons 6. groups 7.experiences 8. heads 9.months 10.materials 11. lessons 12.presents 13.messages 14.boy 15.tools 16. countries 17.kids 18.photos
videos 20.parts
要点解析：
一、可数名词单复数变化及其规则
1.一般情况在词尾加-s;
2.以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es;
3.以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es;
但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s;
4.以o结尾的词多数都加-es。
辅助记忆顺口溜：黑人 英雄 爱在 火山上 吃 土豆 西红柿 即 Negroes ， heroes，Volcanoes, potatoes, tomatoes 5. 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es.
辅助记忆顺口溜: 为了自己活命，小偷和 他的妻子 手里拿着刀子和一片树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半，即 selves，lives，thieves， wives， knives ，loaves ，leaves，shelves，wolves， halves
二、名词作定语原则上用单数，不用复数。如：
a stone bridge 石桥 a meeting room 会议室 morning exercise 早操 a
用复数名词作定情形：
当man, woman用于名词前作定语，表示性别时，若被修饰的名词为复数，则man, woman也要用复数。
如： men nurse 男护士 women doctor 女医生
语法填空考点梳理---名词的词性变化
1.In October 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) listed several suggestions for parents and child care ________(work).
2.Pets like dogs require regular walking and exercise for proper________(develop).
3.Her (excite) turned to fear, and then to loneliness over the next few days.
4.Most people don’t like talking with _____(strange).
5.The tradition started more than 2000 years ago when old people used to give money to their grandchildren for good luck and ______(safe) in the coming New Year.
6. Lots of people think bike rental ______(serve) are good. Some people say that the bikes are good for the environment.
7. the famous _______ (act) Pu Cunxin, the founder of Lenovo Liu Chuanzhi and the doctor Jiang Li who has helped people in Afghanistan.
8. Not everyone knows the ______(different) between “wet” and “harmful” garbage.
9. The first hip-pop music came to the world at the _____(begin) of the 1970s by DJs.
10.Many (win) of the Nobel Peace Prize are among the people who have realized World Hello Day’s value as a way for keeping peace and as an occasionthat makes it possible for anyone in the world to contribute to world peace.
【答案】
1.workers 2.development 3.excitement 4.strangers 5.safety 6. services 7.actor 8.difference 9.beginning 10.winners
要点解析：
根据句子成分和句意确定词性，其次注意常见的名词的后缀：
+er(or) 人、物 cleaner leader actor
+ist 从事...的人 artist pianist scientist
+ness 状态、性质 kindness happiness sadness
+ce 状态 importance difference importance
+ment 状态 development movement
+sion 状态 decision discussion
+tion 状态 education invention
+th 抽象名词 warmth growth
+y difficulty discovery
语法填空考点梳理---名词的格
These signs are put in front of the shelter to catch____51___(people) attention.
If your teacher compares your notes with your ______ (classmate), it can be good for your learning. It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.
“Who cut that(10)______ (man) hair He couldn’t cut it himself, could he Another barber cut it. So you know he can’t be the worst barber.” Bob said．
His friends Annie suggest him guessing the (word) meaning by reading the sentences before and after it.
Today is September 10th. It’s_____ (teacher) Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.
— How far is your home from school —It’s about two__________ (hour) walk.
Don’t worry a lot, guys! An _________(hour) ride will take you to that beautiful spot.
Will you take part in the _________(girl) long jump tomorrow afternoon
There is a local ________( fisherman) living area living area for them to hunt wildlife.
We are supposed to offer to help the old at the old ________(people) home.
【答案】
1.people’s 2.classmates’ 3.man’s 4.word’s 5.Teacher’s
6.hours’ 7.hour’s 8.girls’ 9. fishermen’s 10. people’s
要点解析：
1. ’s所有格的构成：
单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo,
复数名词 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother,
不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights,
表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes
表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father
表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略 the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s
2. ’s所有格的用法：
１ 表示时间 today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday
2 表示自然现象 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches
3 表示国家城市等地方的名词 the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s industry
4 表示工作群体 the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory
5 表示度量衡及价值 a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples
6 与人类活动有特殊关系的名词 the life’s time, the play’s plot
7 某些固定词组 a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措)
of所有格的用法：
没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。
eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom语法填空考点梳理---形容词变副词
Anyway, public concert over the environment has ___________ (great) increased. And there is hope for the future.
I will miss Ms. Miller very much. She was so patient with me that she took the time to explain things to me ___________ (clear) whenever I couldn’t understand anything.
-Did you write any of the new songs when you were away from your desk
-Well, yes, actually. One of then is called What makes you think they’re happy And I wrote it _____________ (careful) after I heard a conversation between people.
Several days ago, I invited some good friends to get together at a coffee bar to celebrate my birthday. They promised to meet me at 5 p.m. .When the day _______ (final) came, I got to the bar early.
Wonder why you get angry so ___________ (easy) while your friend smiles all the time It’s probably because you both have different personalities.
We get information from the Internet quickly and __________(easy).
The next year my father suddenly got sick ___________(serious). After leaving hospital, my mother helped my father walk __________(slow) on the country road every day.
Belyaev’s Lampbrella ha a motor and some sensors (传感器）inside. When it begins to rain, the sensors will feel the rain and send a message to the motor. And then it will open the umbrella very ___________ (slow).
Some of you might ask, “Are books _________(real) fun ” Believe it or not, books provide many things that television or computers can’t.
“How silly you are!” Mr smith called out __________ (angry).
But the old man followed him ________ (close).
In western countries, most kids make pocket money by themselves. When they are sixteen, they can deliver newspaper or do thing in fast food restaurants to make money, _____________ (especial) during the summer holiday.
A train was coming near __________ (quick), and the boy was too frightened to move.
A young man greeted me with a sweet smile. He looked like not a salesman but a student like me. I had a strange feeling as if I had met him before. He began showing me each model ______________ (patient).
Some students think that ipads are better than books, because ipads can give them more choices. They can look for information in an ipad more _______(easy). At the same time, students can send pictures ________(direct) to a printer to photocopy them.
Eat all kinds of foods, ______________ (especial) fruits and vegetables.
“Untie your bag, Mr Fox, untie your bag.” the cat shouted __________(loud)
The boy broke the traffic rules because the lights were red at that time. Suddenly a car came up and hit him. The boy fell to the ground. ________(lucky), the car was not moving very fast and the driver successfully stopped the car before it could run over the fallen boy’s body.
- “Aren’t you worried about the illness that come with being overweight ”
- “Not at all. I eat _____________(healthy) and walk regularly,” she said, “ I believe, in my heart, the people who get ill are the ones who worry.”
“Clean Up the World” has grown __________(rapid) and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.
【答案】
greatly 2. clearly 3. carefully 4. finally 5. easily 6. easily 7. seriously , slowly 8. slowly 9. really 10. angrily 11. closely 12. especially 13. quickly 14. patiently 15. easily, directly 16. especially 17. loudly 18. luckily 19. healthily 20. rapidly
要点解析：
形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：
一般直接加，―元(e)去e加，―辅(y)改i加，le结尾e改y。 分别举例如下：quick---quickly; true---truly; happy---happily; possible----possibly
具体规则如下：
.一般情况下直接加―ly，如： quick---quickly; polite---politely; sad---sadly; immediate---immediately; recent---recently
. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。如： true-truly; due-duly 绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。 如：polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely
. 以―个y结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将―y改成―i，再加―ly，如： happy---happily; heavy---heavily; angry---angrily; busy---busily
但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加ly，如： dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shy---shyly
.以ic 结尾的词，加ally，如： economic---economically; basic---basically; scientific---scientifically; automatic---automatically; energetic---energetically
.以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y，如： simple---simply; considerable---considerably; terrible---terribly; gentle---gently; possible---possibly; probable---probably; incredible---incredibly
元音字母加le时加 ly，如：sole-solely。但是whole-wholly例外。
. 以-ll结尾时，只须加 –y，如： dull---dully; shrill---shrilly
需注意: 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如： friendly people; motherly care; lovely dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace; a manly sport
语法填空考点梳理---其它词变形容词
We can buy anything we want. How __________(color) our life is now!
The boy’s father was so ___________ (thank) that he taught Edison to send message by telegraph.
But others think that books are more ___________ (help) for learning than ipads.
Once upon a time, a cat met a fox in the forest. She thought, “He is intelligent and clever, and is famous in the world,” so she spoke to him in a _________ (friend) way, “ Good morning, Mr. Fox. How are you How are you getting by in the hard times ”
I had a ___________ (wonder) month at camp.
We should be ___________(care) when we cross the road.
This Spring Festival, I also knocked into grabbing the red envelop. Some friends gave the red envelop in the Wechat group. They often put from 20 to 200 in the red envelop. Then we grabbed. Maybe I grabbed only 0.5. But I was still __________ (pride).
In China, six, eight, and nine are __________ (luck) numbers.
In _________(west) countries, most kids make pocket money by themselves.
The weather reporter said it would be _________（cloud）tomorrow.
Our English teacher is very ____________(friend). He treats us very well.
The old man often feels __________(sleep) after having lunch.
I am so _____________(hunger)now because I didn’t have breakfast this morning.
As we all known, English is a ___________(use) language.
Mary always gets A in the math test because she is a hard-working and __________(care) student.
Zipper is widely used in our ___________(day) lives. You can see zippers in dresses, trousers, shoes, bags.....almost everywhere.
As we all known, China is the biggest in ____________(Asia) countries.
How ___________(love) and friendly the girl is!
Students should make a ____________(week) plan at the beginning of the week.
The weather in Hangzhou is cloudy and ____________(wind) today.
【答案】
colorful 2. thankful 3. helpful 4. friendly 5. wonderful 6. careful 7. proud 8. lucky 9. western 10. cloudy 11. friendly 12. sleepy 13. hungry 14. useful 15. careful 16. daily 17. Asian 18. lovely 19. weekly 20. windy
要点解析：
名词变形容词的变化规则：
英语中，有时在名词之前或末尾加上不同的前缀或后缀就可以变为形容词。如：sleep（睡觉） →asleep （睡着的） →sleepy （瞌睡的，困乏的）, help（帮助）→helpful （有帮助的）等。名词变为形容词的构成方法归纳如下:
名词加-y构成形容词。
如： rain （雨水） →rainy （多雨的）
wind （风） →windy （多风的，风大的）
cloud （云） →cloudy （多云的，阴天的）
snow （雪）→ snowy （多雪的）
sun （太阳）→ sunny （多阳光的，明朗的） 特别提醒：别忘了双写n
luck （运气）→ lucky （幸运的）
noise （嘈杂声） →noisy （嘈杂的，喧闹的） 特别提醒：别忘了去掉e
health （健康） →healthy （健康的）
名词加-ful构成形容词，表示肯定。
如： use （使用） →useful （有用的，有益的）
help （帮助） →helpful （有帮助的，有益的）
harm （伤害，损害） →harmful （有害的）
forget （忘记） →forgetful （健忘的）
beauty （美丽） →beautiful （美丽的） 特别提醒：别忘了把-y变成-i，再加-ful
care （关心，小心） →careful （小心的，仔细的）
pain （疼痛） →painful （疼痛的）
wonder （惊奇，感到奇怪） →wonderful （极好的）
color （颜色） →colorful （彩色的；色彩艳丽的）
thank （感谢） →thankful （感激的，欣赏的）
名词加-less构成形容词，表示否定。
如： use （用处） →useless （无用的）
care （关心，小心） →careless （粗心的）
harm （伤害，损害）→ harmless （无害的）
help （帮助） →helpless （无能的，无用的）
名词加-ly构成形容词。如：
friend （朋友） →friendly （友好的）
love （爱） →lovely （可爱的）
month （月份） →monthly （每月的）
live （生活，居住） →lively （充满生气的）
day （天） →daily （每日的）
在有些国名后加上-ese构成形容词，表示“……国的”。如：
China （中国） →Chinese （中国的）
Japan （日本） →Japanese （日本的）
在某些以元音结尾的名词后加-n构成形容词。例如：
Asia（亚洲）→Asian （亚洲的）
America （美国） →American （美国的）
Australia （澳大利亚） →Australian （澳大利亚的）
在某些名词后加-ous构成形容词。如：
danger （危险） →dangerous （危险的）
fame （名声，名望） →famous （著名的） 特别提醒：别忘了去掉e
名词加-en构成形容词。如：
wool （羊毛） →woolen （羊毛的）
wood （木头） →wooden （木制的）
gold （金子） →golden （金子般的）
在某些以元音结尾的名词后加-an构成形容词。如：
Europe（欧洲）→European （欧洲的）
在某些名词后加-ish构成形容词。如：
fool（傻瓜）→ foolish（愚蠢的）
Spain（西班牙）→ Spanish（西班牙的）
表示方位的名词后面+ern 例如：
east→ eastern west→ western
语法填空考点梳理---形容词比较级最高级
1.The poor boy felt even (ill) because he didn’t take medicine.
2.Because of the new strict traffic laws, it's___________(difficult) to get the driving licence than before.
3.She runs__________ of all.(fast)
4.She is experienced enough to make the boring meeting a little _____________ (lively).
5.Which is __________ (relax) Listening to songs or watching films
6.I think Sue was _____________ (mad) than before, because she got angry easily.
7.The more you exercise, the __________ (health) you will become.
8.Jim works__________ than Tom. (hard)
9.If you are will to work harder ,people will become even (wealth)
10.He walks__________ of the three. (far)
11.Halloween is one of __________ (important)festivals in the West.
12.Betty has brought back a great deal of information for ___________(far) scientific research.
13.Do you think Millie is ____________(pretty)among the girl students
14．She is the (busy) in my family．The (busy) she is the (happy) she will be．
15. I'm not as (careful)as he.
16.John has only half an hour for his hobbies at __________ (much).
17.Summer is (hot)season of the year.
18. The blue one is of all. (cheap)
19.Peter did (bad) in the drawing competition.
20.You can take a __________ (close) look at the excellent drawings if you walk nearer.
【答案】
1.worse 2.more difficult 3.the fastest 4.livelier 5.more relaxing 6.madder 7.healthier 8.harder 9.wealthier
10.the farthest 11.the most important 12.further 13.the prettiest 14.busiest，busier，happier 15.careful 16.most
17.hottest 18.the cheapest 19.worst 20.closer
要点解析：
一、形容词比较级和最高级
1. 比较级、最高级的规则变化
1) 单音节形容词比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加er 、est 构成。 great -- greater-- greatest fast -- faster--fastest
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词比较级和最高级是在词尾加 r 、st 构成。 wide --- wider--- widest
nice ---nicer --- nicest
以辅音字母y结尾的单音节形容词比较级和最高级，把y改为i后加er 、est 构成。
happy --- happier --- happiest early --- earlier--- earliest
4) 少数双音节形容词比较级和最高级也是在词尾加er 、est 构成。 clever---cleverer---cleverest healthy--- healthier--- healthiest
5) 重读闭音节的形容词比较级和最高级是双写最后一个辅音字母加er、est。 big---bigger --- biggest
thin--- thinner --- thinnest
大多数双音节和多音节形容词比较级和最高级是在前面加more 和 most来构成。
beautiful --- more beautiful --- most beautiful carefully--more carefully -- most carefully
7) 比较级、最高级的不规则变化 good --- better --- best ; bad/badly/ill --- worse --- worst;
many/much ---more --- most; little --- less --- least; far---further/farther---furthest/farthest
8) 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于形容词的最高级前一定要有限定词，如：the，物主代词等。而副词的最高级前可以不用定冠词the。 He is the best student in his class.He runs fastest in his class.
2. 形容词比较等级的用法
原级的用法
1) as + 原级 + as表示两者在某方面程度一样 not so (as) + 原级 + as 表示前者不如后者
2) the same ＋名词＋as 表示同等比较
3) 修饰原级的词：very, too, quite, so…
3. 比较级的用法
1) 形容词比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ing结构和ed结构。批注： than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。
2) 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示 "较不" 和 "最不" 。less…than= not as (so) … as
3) 一方随另一方的程度而变化时用the+比较级…the+比较级…。表示 “越... 就越...”。
4) 本身程度发生改变时用“形容词或副词比较级 + and + 同一个形容词或副词比较级”。表示“越来越... ”。多音节词的只需用 “more and more +形容词或副词” 构成此用法
5) 比较级前可用a little, a bit, a lot, any, still, far, much, even 等词语表示超过另一方的程度。
6) 表示一方比另一方更…多少时，可以在比较级前加名词。
7) 当两者比较，只出现一方，且句中含有of the two时，比较级前要加the,表示特指两者当中较…的一个。
8) 倍数的表达①倍数+as...as②倍数+ 比较级+than③倍数+ the+ 名词+ of
9) 否定+比较级用法=最高级的用法一般用于情景交际中
10) 用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。在这种情况下，往往是将一个人或是一件事与其他所有的人、物或其他中任意一个人、物进行比较。自己不可以与自己相比较，所以常在状语中用any ,other , else类的字眼。
4. 最高级的用法
1) 三者或三者以上相比, 表示最高程度时, 用 “the+最高级+表示范围的短语或从句” 的结构表示。其中表示范围的介词使用规律为：of或among接个体数量；in接范围。
2) 用于特殊句型中，如：one of +最高级+ 名词复数。
3) 与序数词连用
