Unit 11 How was your school trip?一般过去时讲义（教师版）

主题：一般过去时
内容
阅读下列段落，思考并回答问题 I usually get up at 6:00, I put on my clothes, make the bed, brush my teeth, wash my face. I have breakfast at 6:40, then wipe the table. I go to school at 8:00, and eat lunch at 12:00. Then I usually do my housework at 6:00, take a bath at 7:00, and watch TV at 7:45, and go to bed at 9:00. But yesterday I got up late, So I put on my clothes, made the bed, brushed my teeth, washed my face as quick as I can. I had breakfast at 7:00, then I wiped the table. I went to school at 8:30, and ate lunch at 12:00. Then I did my housework at 6:30pm.. I took a bath at 7:45, watched TV at 8:45, and went to bed at 10:00. What a busy day! 以上画线部分的词都表示什么呢？现在，过去，将来的事情？动词形式发生了什么变化？ 一般过去时 一、定义： 用法一 ： 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用; 例句:I got up at 7:00 yesterday. My father was at work yesterday afternoon 用法二： 也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示频度的时间状语连用。 例句: He always went to work by bus last year. （含有频度副词： often always 等，但主要还是含有过去时间状语） 二、一般过去时的判断标志： 明确的过去时间状语 1.与ago 连用： 2.与last 连用 3.与yesterday 连用： a moment two minutes three hours five days one week six months four years 与one 连用： 5.与that 连用： 6.其他时间状语： 三、一般过去时的构成 所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的。 E.g. You are right. I want to go to school. 一般现在时 We are doing our housework now. The bus is leaving at 8:00. 现在进行时 一般过去时的构成： be动词(was,were) 助动词(did) 主语+谓语 情态动词(could,might) 实义动词(有确切含义的动词，可以单独做谓语,如:played 等) 例如： They were happy. He played football. You did your homework. 练一练： 1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month. 2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o'clock last niht. So he ______ (get) up late. 3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 5. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday. 四、谓语变化 . 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed 。 如： look - looked play - played start -started 结尾是 e 的动词加 -d 。 如：live - lived hope - hoped use - used 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。 如：stop- stopped plan- planned trip- tripped 4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed 。 如：study-studied carry -carried 规则动词-ed的读音 说明： 1、清念 /t/ ，即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ , 例：finished helped passed cooked 2、元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音，浊辅音后面念 /d/ , 例：borrowed enjoyed called moved 3. /t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/， 例：wanted shouted needed counted 巧记动词过去时态： 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或用were； have,has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间做标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 练一练： 6. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 7. -When _______ you _________ (come) to china 　　-Last year. 8. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday 9. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term 10. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no time to watch it. 五、一般过去时态句式的构成
陈述句式： 动词肯 定 式否 定 式 be I was …. He /She/it was…. We/You/They were …. I was not(wasn’t)…. He/She/It was not(wasn’t)…. We/You/They were not (weren’t)… work I/You/He/She/It/We/ You/They worked. I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They did not(didn’t) work. there be There was …. There were…. There was not (wasn’t) …. There were not (weren’t)….
练一练： 1.She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 变否定句) She _________ ________ the clothes last Sunday. 2.Wei Hua bought a new pen yesterday. (变否定句) She ________ ________ a new pen yesterday 3. They _____________ (not watch) TV just now. 4. They _______ (carry) water for Grandpa Liu three days ago. 5. Mike and Jack _________ (make) the model plane last month. 疑问句式： 动词疑 问 句 式 和 简 略 答 语 第一人称第二人称第三人称 be Was I … Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you… Yes,I was. No,I was not. Was he/she/it… Yes,he/she/it was. No,he/she/it was not. Were we… Yes,we/you were. No,we/you were not. Were you… Yes,we were. No,we were not. Were they… Yes,they were. No,they were not. work Did I work Yes,you did. No,you did not. Did you work Yes,I did. No, I did not. Did he/she/it work Yes,he/she/it did. No,he/she/it did not. Did we work Yes,we/you did. No,we/you did not. Did you work Yes,we did. No,we did not. Did they work Yes,they did. No,they did not. there be Was there a/ any… Yes,there was. No,there was not. Were there any… Yes,there were. No,there were not.
练一练： 1.They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句) __________ they ________ to China in 1990 2.I was ill for two days last week (同上) ________ you ill for two days last week 3. The twins go to school on foot every day. (同上) _________ the twins _______ to school on foot every day 1、肯定句：主语 + 行为动词过去式 be动词过去式(was / were) e.g. We played football yesterday. I was in the office last night. He couldn’t swim 10 years ago. 2、否定句 did not / didn’t + 行为动词原形 was not / wasn’t + 其他成分 were not / weren’t + 其他成分 e.g. I was not in the office last night. I didn't sing a song at Kangkang's party. I didn't play video games. 3、 一般疑问句 did + 主语 +行为动词原形 was / were + 主语 +其他成分 eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday -Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. -Was she 15 years old last year 4、特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 +did + 主语 +行为动词原形 特殊疑问词 +was / were + 主语 +其他成分 eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday When and where were you born 练一练： 1. _______ your friends ________ (have) a good time in the park that day 2. My father _____ (go) to Beijing a week ago. 3. _____ Mary ______ (study) at the No. 1 Middle School the year before last 4. His parents _________ (not go) out for a walk after supper yesterday. 5. Where _______ (be) Mei Fang last night 例题精讲 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空： I _____ (have) a good day at work today. The meeting ________ (go) well this morning. Bob ___________ (not be) there. He ___________ (oversleep) because he _________ (not hear) the alarm. Lunch _____ (be) terrible. We _____ (try) the new French restaurant in the town center. The food ______ (taste) awful. This afternoon I ________ (phone) Bill in America. He _______ (tell) me we’ve got a new contract there. It _____ (be) an awful drive home. The traffic _____ (be) terrible. 课堂练习 根据短文内容填空
A Busy Weekend
I _________(get up) early last weekend. Then I ______(play) sports. I ______(have) milk and bread for breakfast. On Saturday morning, I ______(read) some books and ______ (watch) TV. In the afternoon, I ______(do) housework. I _____(cook) dinner for my family in the evening. On Sunday, I ______(go) shopping with my friends. I _______(clean) my room, too. I _______(am) busy but happy on the weekend. 一、翻译。 1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。 _________ _________ __________ __________but exciting weekend. 2. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。 What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday They _________ __________ homework and _________ ________ __________. 3. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为昨晚他父亲不在家。 This morning Fangfang _______ _______ _______ _______ because his father _______ ________ ________ yesterday. 4. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。 When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground. 5. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。 --When _______ he _______ ---_______ 1980. 二、用括号里动词的适当形式填空。 1. He __________ (read) that book last week. 2. Last night he ___________ (arrive) just in time for the show. 3. Mary ___________ (marry) Thomas yesterday. 4. Tom ___________ (show) us where to sit at the meeting yesterday. 5. Last summer we ___________ (visit) Uncle Jack. 6. It ___________ (rain) almost every day last month. 7. John _______ (like) to play piano when he was in secondary school. 8. Betty ___________ (work) hard all last year. 9. We ___________ (change) the color of our uniforms last Christmas. 10. Last year Frances ___________ (buy) her mother a pretty watch for her birthday. 语法填空 I still remember the experience when my friend and I had a year ago. After the wedding(婚礼)of another friend, we waited for a bus to go back home. It was 9 o’clock at night, and (1) many buses passed, none stopped. We waited for an hour and were（2） (get) tired. At almost 10 p.m, when a family who went to the same wedding passed by（3） their car. Maybe they noticed that we were waiting for a bus, so they stopped and（4） ( let )us get into their car. I was so thankful for their（5） (kind). When we reached our hometown, they（6） (drop) us at the nearest bus stop. Then we got on a bus. On the way home, a poor man stopped the bus which we were on. The driver looked at his（7） (break) clothes and asked him if he had any money.（8）____ man shook his head and said “no”. The driver refused to take him after he heard this. I remembered my experience and I told the driver to allow him to sit with us. And I（9） paid the ticket for him. He thanked me a lot for my help. That night I went to sleep(10) (happy). 【答案】1.although 2.getting 3.in 4.let 5.kindness 6.dropped 7.broken 8.The 9.also 10.happily .Do you want to be a TV news reporter People often ask me __1___ I love my job. Well, because it’s very exciting. I’m the first to know about important news stories. I talk to people in government, as well as famous___2___ (sportsman), and film stars. I ask people to tell me about __3____ (they) lives and how they feel. A lot of people want to work in TV news, so you have to be energetic and___4__ (create). You must learn how ___5__ (use) a video camera, to write reports, and to speak to the camera. To get a job in your school or college TV station is the best way to learn. Most people start with___6__ unpaid job at a small station instead of a big one. There aren’t the many people, and __7_ a result, you can get__8__(good)experience than in the big ones. I had such a job at a small station, and one night, when everyone else was ill, I___9___(read)the news on air. I did well, and __10___(final) I got my first paid job! 【答案】1.why 2.sportsmen 3.their 4.creative 5.to use 6.an 7.as 8. better 9. read 10.finally 一．用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空 (1) ---Where did Tina go on vacation ---She __________ (stay) at home. (2) Lisa didn’t buy__________ (something) for her best friend. (3) Don’t worry! I’m old enough to look after _________ (me). (4) I __________ (feel) like I was a bird. (5) Yesterday I__________ (spend) two hours in washing my clothes. 【答案】(1) stayed| (2) anything| (3) myself |(4) felt |(5) spent 二．请用所给单词的适当形式填空，把短文补充完整，每空一词。 Last August, our class(1)__________ (do) something very special on our school trip. We(2)__________ (go) to Mount Tai. We(3)__________ (start) our trip at 12:00 at night. Everyone in our class (4)__________ (take) a bag with some food and water. After three hours, someone looked at the map and (5)__________ (find) out we(6)__________ (be, not) anywhere near the top. My legs (7)__________ (be) so tired that I wanted to stop. My calssmates(8)__________ (tell) me to keep going, so I (9)__________ (go) on. At 5:00 a.m., we got to the top! Everyone (10)__________ (jump) up and down in excitement. Twenty minutes later, the sun (11)__________ (start) to come up. It was so beautiful that we(12)__________ (forget) the last five hours. 【答案】did|went| started|took|found|weren't|were|told| went| jumped| started|forgot 三、完成句子 1．唯一的难题是在晚上除了读书没有什么可做的。 The only problem was there was__________ __________ to do in the evening__________ read. 【答案】nothing|much|but 2．我给我父母买了一些东西，但自己没买什么。 I_________ __________ for my parents,__________ for myself. 【答案】bought|something|nothing 3．我们等了一个多小时的火车，因为有太多的人。 We_________ over an hour__________ the train__________ __________ too many people. 【答案】waited|for|because|of 4．然后，我们又走了两个小时在到达山顶之前。 Then we walked__________ __________ __________ before getting to the top. 【答案】for|two|hours 5．最后大卫决定再尝试一次。 David finally__________ __________ __________ it again. 【答案】decided |to| try 6．我希望有足够的钱为父母买一所大房子。 I hope to have__________ __________ __________ __________ a big house__________ my parents. 【答案】enough |money| to| buy|for 7．Li Ping_________ (study)English very hard last night. 【答案】studied 8．每次乘飞机时, 我感觉我就像一只鸟儿飞翔在天空。 I__________ __________ a bird flying in the sky every time when I take a plane. 【答案】feel|like 9．因为下大雪, 他只好待在家里。 He had to stay at home __________ __________ the heavy snow. 【答案】because|of 10．这是一座多么美丽的校园呀! __________ __________ __________ __________ it is! 【答案】What| a| beautiful| school 11．Did Lisa__________ (do)her homework with you last Sunday 【答案】do 四、阅读 BEIJING -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has visited the "left-behind" (留守) children whose parents are working in cities before Children's Day. During a visit to northwest China's Shanxi Province, Wen visited the home of Yang Saike, a primary school boy in a village of Xingping City. Yang, whose parents were working in Fujian, thousands of kilometers away, was cared for by his grandparents. His parents fail to go home even once a year. The premier held Yang in his arms and looked through his exercise book and praised him for his hard work. Wen talked with many children and asked them many questions about their schooling and life. "You are so pretty," Wen said to Liu Mengqi, a seven-year-old girl living with her grandmother. Liu's parents were also working in the city. "Have you been to school yet " Wen asked two other girls. "We are going to the pre-school class," said one. "Mom and dad at home " Wen asked. The children shook their heads. "Children cannot see their parents very often, which is a new problem in the countryside. We should give them more care and love," said the premier. With fast economic (经济) development, more people in the country chose to work in cities and left their children with grandparents or relatives back home, said Wen. The premier asked local governments to do something to protect and care for such children at home and freeing (解除)their parents in cities from worries about their children. (1) Wen says a new problem in the country is that "left-behind" children __________ . A. seldom get care from the government B. seldom get together with their parents C. cannot do well in school like others D. cannot get any love from their parents (2)According to (根据) Wen, more country people go to work in cities because of__________ . A. great losses of farmland B. their hope for city life C. economic development D. their poor country life (3)Children whose parents have moved to work in cities are probably looked after by __________ . A.their parents B. their school C.their grandparents. D. their friends (4) Wen Jiabao requires local governments__________ . A. to do more for "left-behind" children and their parents B. to let the parents see their children only once a year C. to stop the local people from going to work in cities D. to build more schools for the "left-behind" children (5)The proper title(标题) for this passage is "Wen: Give __________ more love". A. poor children B. disabled children C. country children D."left-behind" children 【答案】B|C|C|A|D The westerners have more vacation days than us. Some people like to stay at home during their vacation. They work in the garden, visit their friends, read books or watch television. Many families take their lunch to a park or somewhere far from the city. They like to eat under some trees or near a nice lake. If they live near the sea, they often go to the seaside. There they can fish, swim or enjoy the sun. The westerners like travelling. They think travelling and outdoor activities are the parts of their lives. They work hard to save money, but their main purpose(目的) is to travel. Most western students often make use of their vacation to camp. There are thousands of camp bases(基地) in western countries. They can swim, go fishing, attend lectures, and take part in many other recreational(娱乐性的) activities there. It can help them wrest from the secrets of nature, train(训练) their viability(生存能力), and teach them how to be self-reliant (自立). (1) Some westerners like to __________ at home during their vacation. A. clean their rooms B. cook their meals C. work in the garden and watch TV D. go fishing (2) Many families often take their lunch out and have it __________ . A. under some trees B. near the city C. near the sea D. in the restaurants (餐馆) (3) __________ is very important for the westerners. A. Working hard B. Travelling C. Saving money D. Going camping (4) What does the underlined phrase “wrest from” mean here __________ A. 取得 B. 保守 C. 认识 D. 探索 (5) The passage mainly tells us __________ . A. how the westerners spend their vacation B. the westerners have more vacation days than us C. different views on vacation between the westerners and the easterners D. how to be self-reliant 【答案】C|A|B|D|A 完形 Mr. and Mrs. Brown were teachers. They lived in a big (1)__________ .Last year they went to the countryside for their summer vacation. They(2)__________ it very much because it was a quite clean place. One day they went for a (3)__________ in the morning and saw an old man. He sat in the (4)__________ sun in front of his house. Mr.Brown went to him and asked, “Do you like (5)__________ in this quiet place ” The old man answered, “Yes, I(6)__________ .” Mr. Brown asked, “What are the (7)_________ things about it ” The old man answered “Well, (8)________ here knows each other(互相) well. They often come to see me, and I often go to visit (9)__________ , too. Also, there are lots of children here.” Mr. Brown said, “That’s interesting. Well,(10)_________ are the bad things ” The old man thought for a short time and said, “Well, the same things.” (1) A. city B. house C. country D. village (2) A. learned B. enjoyed C. played D. swam (3) A. talk B. walk C. look D. say (4) A. cold B. cloudy C. warm D. wet (5) A. reading B. living C. sitting D. studying (6) A. can B. am C. do D. did (7) A. good B. cheap C. delicious D. well (8) A. nothing B. everyone C. no one D. something (9) A. him B. you C. them D. themselves (10) A. what B. how C. who D. which 【答案】A|B|B|C|B|C|A|B|C|A
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