英语高考阅读七选五题解题技巧学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 英语高考阅读七选五题解题技巧学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-25 16:06:04 | ||
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专攻解题方法与技巧
英语高考阅读七选五题解题技巧
第一讲 依设空位置定思考方向
阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题，解答此类题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性，再定位。先定性，即先初读文章，根据空处的位置及文意初步判定空处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡句或细节句；再定位，即再精读文章，根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定选哪一个选项。
句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种设空方式，正是利用设空位置的暗示作用和设空上下文的提示作用来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。本讲主要是从设空位置及所承担的语意关系层面来讲解做题技法，使学生做题时灵活运用解题技法，游刃有余地解答阅读七选五。
一、设空在段首——“段落主题”“承上启下”
若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同，选项短小精悍，多为名词词组、动词-ing短语或祈使句。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句；选项要有概括性，要么承接上段，要么是对下文的概括。
技巧(一) 把握形似，确定段落标题句
典例
(2022·1月浙江高考)
·__34__
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
A．Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
解析 本题考查对段落小标题的选择。根据下文内容可知，学习虽然花费很多时间，但实际上总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做一个积极的学习者。由此可知，B项(做一个积极的学习者)能够概括段落主旨。
答案 __B__
技巧(二) 根据一致，确定段落主题句
典例
(2021·全国乙卷)
__36__， if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A．How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
解析 本题考查段落主题句。根据下文可知，本段主要谈论走出自己的舒适区，或者第一次走进别人的家里，敢于冒险，去品尝不同的食物，并和陌生人交谈。故B项(第一步是去探索)符合语境。
答案 __B__
技巧(三) 瞻前顾后，确定段落过渡句
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.38.The_food_is_so_delicious_that_you_don't_need_much_of_it_to_make_you_happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
__39__ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18！
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
解析 根据设空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。根据上文内容可知，设空处的上一段介绍了法国人吃得少的一个原因是他们的食物美味，本段继续说法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。因此设空处应起到承上启下的作用。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且E项中的that指代上文论述过的原因。
答案 __E__
二、设空在段中——处理好“七种关系”
当设空在段中时，通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系，有时甚至包含多种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，学生就可以利用逻辑关系词来进行推断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要学生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，做出正确的判断。
技巧(一) 根据总分关系确定答案
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.__37__ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said，“Ouverture des portes，” in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
解析 本段首句介绍了作者租住的公寓情况，下文列举了公寓的特殊之处。根据空前一句提到的“和通常的巴黎公寓不同，这里的水管可以正常使用”和空后一句提到的“我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯”可知，设空处和上下句之间为并列关系，不管是水管和电梯，还是厨房和床，都是对公寓的介绍。
答案 __C__
技巧(二) 根据解释关系确定答案
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率)．You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded.__40__ When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
解析 空前一句提到“法国咖啡厅常常很拥挤”，设空处是进一步解释说明；空后一句通过设问“这些人什么时候工作呢？”也暗示这里的顾客并不都是游客，也有很多法国人。
答案 __A__
技巧(三) 根据例证关系确定答案
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.__38__ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
解析 根据空前一句As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.和下文的描述可知，空处承上启下，既要说明法国人吃得少的原因，又要和下文提到的美味的法国草莓有逻辑上的衔接关系。分析选项可知，G项是对上句的解释说明，并与下句构成例证关系。
答案 __G__
技巧(四) 根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词汇有but、 however/whereas、 nevertheless (然而，不过)、 though、 yet、 in spite of、 at any rate (无论如何)、 in any case (无论如何，不管怎样)、 on the contrary、 by contrast (相反，相比之下)、 by comparison (相比之下)、 otherwise、 not ... but、 as well等。
典例
(2022·全国乙卷)
·Don't rely on technology alone
__40__， but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
解析 本段小标题提到不要只依靠技术，空后一句表示“远距离的友谊，即使是亲密的朋友之间，可能需要更多有意识的努力来维持”，又根据空后的转折连词but可知，设空处应与空后内容形成转折关系，故F项(通过社交媒体很容易产生一种联系感)符合语境。
答案 __F__
技巧(五) 根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连接词汇有as a result/consequently、 thus/therefore、 so、 so (such) ...that ...等。
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
解析 根据空后的So可知， 设空处与空后一句之间构成因果关系。故F项(我们的目的是想看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活)是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。
答案 __F__
技巧(六) 根据递进关系确定答案
表示递进关系的连接词汇有also、 further、 furthermore、 similarly、 moreover、 in addition、 what's more、 too、 either、 neither、 not only ...but also ...、 the more ...the more ...等。
典例1
(2022·全国甲卷)
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries.__40__， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
解析 根据空后的the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices可将答案锁定选项A和B。 根据语境可知，你在任何特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的文化习俗感到越适应。
答案 __B__
典例2
(2021·6月浙江高考)
Language is certainly a barrier for many people.For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.__34__ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
解析 本段主要说明了明信片交换中的语言障碍。空前一句和设空处都是针对此问题的举例说明。空前一句“虽然收到一张汉语卡片很酷，但如果你不懂汉语，你就看不懂意思”和F项(同样，如果你只会说中文，收到一张瑞典语的卡片也会让你失去一部分乐趣)之间构成递进关系。
答案 __F__
技巧(七) 根据并列关系确定答案
典例
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
So, how do you find a workout partner？
First of all, decide what you want from that person.__37__ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport？
E.How can you write a good “seeking a training partner” notice？
解析 选段第一段提到关于如何找到一个健身伙伴，第二段提到首先要决定你想要从那个人那里得到什么。根据空后一句Or do you just want to be physically fit ...？可知，设空处与空后一句之间是并列关系，设空处也应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。
答案 __D__
三、设空在段尾——“总结概括”“过渡衔接”
技巧(一) 段落过渡句
当设空在非尾段段末时，就有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。假如所缺的是段落间的过渡句，首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词，再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。
典例
(2022·1月浙江高考)
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed.__31__
·Pick the most important.
32.Make_choices_about_what_is_meaningful_in_your_life. Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO.My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
解析 空前一句提到作者能够充分利用时间，但仍然感到快乐和轻松；下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几条建议。由此可知，设空处应是段末过渡句。故F项(也许这些建议将帮助你充分利用时间)承上启下，符合语境。
答案 __F__
技巧(二) 补充信息句
段末设空还有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明，这时要选择补充性的语句。
典例
(2022·全国甲卷)
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.__37__．
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
解析 根据小标题Chopstick Rules和设空处上文可知，本段讲的是筷子的使用规则，设空处上文讲述了如何使用筷子是有礼貌的，设空处也应与筷子的使用规则相关。故F项(在使用筷子时，千万不要把它们竖着插在食物上或是交叉筷子) 是对上文内容进行的补充说明，符合语境。
答案 __F__
技巧(三) 总结句
当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句，是对上文的概括总结。如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句，学生应快速浏览选项，注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如so、 therefore、 hence、 thus、 as a result、 in short、 in a word、 all in all、 to sum up、 to conclude等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项。
典例
(2021·6月浙江高考)
You've got mail ...and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum.Or Africa's Victoria Falls.Or China's Great Wall.__31__
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
解析 上文提到Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开邮筒，找到一张罗马圆形大剧场的彩色图片，或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布的图片，或者是中国长城的图片。由此可知，他喜欢各种明信片。G项中的In short为总结性的词语，是对上文进行的总结。
答案 __G__
Test 1
(2022·合肥市教学质量检测二)Boosting your emotional quotient, or EQ, involves identifying and managing your own emotions, as well as evaluating and controlling the way in which you react to those of others.__1__ It can also improve your relationships with loved ones and your social interactions.Here are some tips you can use to start improving your EQ.
●Identify your emotions.
Identifying your emotions takes practice and is an important step in building emotional quotient.Regularly recognizing and naming your emotions throughout the day is a good way to develop your EQ.__2__ You could even go a step further, and try to determine how the presence of certain emotions affects your behavior and productivity.
●Consider your response.
__3__ Taking responsibility for the way you behave towards others and, possibly even more importantly, be responsible for yourself, is a crucial aspect of emotional quotient.
●__4__
Empathy is the cornerstone of EQ.It is defined as the ability to identify and share the thoughts, feelings or emotional state of another person.A little empathy goes a long way.It is important to demonstrate empathy towards people other than just those with whom you find it easy to get along.
●Listen actively.
Engage in the moment and acknowledge what other people are saying.__5__ Active listening involves asking open-ended questions such as “When？” “How？”“Do you mean ...？” or “Could you tell me a bit more about that？”．Active listening also calls for avoiding questions that would get only a “yes” or “no” response.
Developing your emotional quotient can not only help you reduce your stress, but also leave you with more time to connect with, and continuously improve your relationships with those around you.
A．Show your care.
B．Put yourself in other people's shoes.
C．You just don't know what they might be going through.
D．You must remember you can choose how you react to a situation.
E．Besides, trying to identify exactly what you are feeling can do the trick.
F．Try to avoid just waiting for your turn to talk about yourself and your story.
G．Exploring and improving these skills can help you to succeed in your career.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了几条提高情商的建议。
1．G 根据空后的It can also ...your social interactions.可知，它还可以改善你与所爱的人的关系和你的社交互动。据此可知，空处与此对应，介绍提高情商的好处，故G项符合语境。
2．E 根据空后的You could even ...behavior and productivity.可知，你甚至可以更进一步，试着确定某些情绪的存在是如何影响你的行为和工作效率的。据此可以推知，空处说明准确识别自己情绪的作用，故E项符合语境。
3．D 根据空后的Taking responsibility for ...emotional quotient.可知，要对自己对待他人的方式负责，更重要的是，要对自己负责。据此可知，要记住根据条件应对某种情况，D项中的react与小标题中的response相呼应，符合语境。
4．B 根据该段中的It is defined ...of another person.可知，它被定义为识别和分享另一个人的思想、感觉或情绪状态的能力。再结合下文内容可知，该段主要建议“要设身处地为他人着想”。故B项适合作该段小标题。
5．F 该段主要建议“积极听别人讲话”。根据空前的Engage in the moment and acknowledge what other people are saying.可知，要参与当下，认可别人正在说的，而不是静静地等着轮到自己发言，只谈论自己。故F项符合语境。
Test 2
(2022·金丽衢十二校联考)We may befriend more people on social media, but we have fewer real friends — the kind who would help us out in tough times, listen sympathetically no matter what, lend us money, or keep a secret if we share one.
__1__ He is a Cornell University sociologist who surveyed more than 2，000 adults and found that from 1985 to 2010, the number of truly close friends has dropped even though we're socializing as much as ever.On average, participants listed 2 close friends in his survey.__2__ “These are the people you think of as your real friends, your go-to people if you need something，” Brashears said.
Brashears asked people online from a database called Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences to list the names of people with whom they had discussed “important matters” over the previous six months.48 percent of participants listed one close friend when asked, 28 percent listed two and 19 percent listed more.__3__ He reported the results in the journal Social Networks.
__4__ Brashears said his survey can't tell us conclusively (确凿地), but his guess is that while we meet just as many people as we used to, we sort them differently.
Does that suggest we're more isolated in these times when we seem to meet more people online than in person Social scientists say social media may actually be healthy for us.Keith Hampton from the University of Pennsylvania wrote a report.“Internet, or social media users have more close relationships than other people.They get more overall social support than other people.__5__” wrote Hampton in his blog post.
But online contact and personal contact are different.While Hampton reports we know more people because of social media, Brashears reports there are fewer whom we choose to trust with our most intimate worries.
A．What's the reason behind them
B．What's the meaning of the survey
C．That's the conclusion made by Matthew Brashears.
D．The report reflected issues behind the phenomenon.
E．At the same time, a little more than 4 percent didn't list anyone.
F．Compared with 3 in a previous study, the number was down by one point.
G．And in particular they report more emotional support and companionship.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。社会学家Matthew Brashears 发现，尽管我们在社交媒体上和很多人交朋友，但是我们真正亲密的朋友却越来越少了。
1．C 根据空后的He is a Cornell University sociologist可知，设空处应提到一个人，且因为是第一次出现，这种情况下一般会直接出现人名，故C项符合语境。
2．F 根据上文中的from 1985 to 2010, the number of truly close friends has dropped可知，从1985年至2010年，人们真正亲密的朋友的数量在减少。本空前一句提到participants listed 2 close friends in his survey，因此设空处应该还会出现数据表明真正朋友的数量在下降，故F项符合语境。
3．E 空后一句讲到了He reported the results in the journal Social Networks.，由此可见，该句之前应是全部的研究结果。根据空前的48 percent ...28 percent ...and 19 percent可以推断，设空处应该会出现4%～5%的参与者的情况，故E项符合语境。
4．A 根据空后Brashears的说法“他的研究无法确凿地告诉我们，但是他的猜想是，尽管我们遇到的人和以前一样多，但我们会以不同的方式将他们归类”可知，Brashears对上段中提到的情况进行了解释，故A项符合语境。
5．G 根据空前一句They get more overall social support than other people.可知，设空处应该还是对互联网和社交媒体使用者的描述，故G项符合语境。第二讲 据复现信息解疑难问题
词汇复现法是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手法，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。学生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
技巧(一) 原词复现法
原词复现指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如：“looks”与“looking” “looked”；“go”与“going” “went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词汇。因此，要学会寻找设空处上下句中的相同关键词。
典例1
(2022·全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. __38__， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
解析 空前一句提到法国人希望你每只手拿着一个餐具吃饭(People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.)，空后说“更喜欢用手(instead preferring to use their hands)”，也就是不用“餐具”。故C项(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)符合语境。这里utensils一词为原词复现。
答案 __C__
典例2
(2022·全国乙卷)
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.__37__．There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media 解析 空前一句提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了，了解你们想要相互联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”，再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出本空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流方式”。E项中的methods与空前一句中的method为原词复现，同时E项中的communication与空前一句中的communicated相呼应。
答案 __E__
技巧(二) 代词复现法
代词复现指为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件，如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词或句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词，还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。
典例
(2022·全国甲卷)
Making Requests
__39__．In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 解析 根据段落小标题Making Requests可知，本段主要介绍的是在用餐时提出请求。设空处也应与此相关。G项中的a simple request是空后一句中的this指代的内容，代词复现是一个很好的解题信号。
答案 __G__
技巧(三) 派生词复现信息
派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词，在句中寻找这类词的复现是解题的一个快捷方法。
典例
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
You and your partner will probably have different skills.__40__ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport？
E.How can you write a good “seeking a training partner” notice？
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
解析 空前一句提到你和你的同伴可能会有不同的技能，空后一句提到随着时间的推移，你们两个都会受益，由此可以推断，F项(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)承上启下，符合语境。F项中的accept your differences对应空前一句中的different skills，其中different的派生词difference也是一个很好的解题信息。
答案 __F__
技巧(四) 同义词/近义词复现信息
同义词/近义词复现是指设空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义词/近义词在正确选项中出现。
典例
(2021·1月浙江高考)
If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at different registers.Think about the probability：__33__So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
B.So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines？
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. 解析 空前的probability与D项中的chances相对应，同时D项与空后一句So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.相呼应，符合语境。
答案 __D__
技巧(五) 反义词复现信息
反义词复现是指上下文中有词义相反的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
典例
(2021·全国甲卷)
·Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection.__37__， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A． Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over 解析 本段主题句是需要召集5－10人组成衣物交换。下文表示“人数超过那个数字，活动将无法控制”，由此可知，设空处应与下文语义相反，应描述人数不够的情况。设空处应与下文的more than that形成对比，应用less than that，less与more互为反义词。
答案 __A__
Test 1
You might be familiar with the experience of looking through your Facebook feed, only to feel like everyone else's lives are better than yours.
__1__ That's one finding from a new study that proved some social media behaviors linked with the mental health condition.
In the study, the researchers analyzed information from around 500 undergraduate students who actively used social media and completed an online survey to examine certain social media behaviors.
The researchers found that people's reasons for using social media were not linked with depression. __2__ For example, the study found that people with depression were more likely to compare themselves to others they considered “better off than me”．
__3__ This may be related to the tendency of people with depression to isolate themselves, said Anthony Robinson, a psychology student at Texas State University.
In any case, it's not good to compare yourself to others who seem “better off” than you, Robinson added. “People tend to make themselves look better off than they really are on social media，” he said. “__4__ It's important to recognize that.”
The researchers also stressed that their findings don't mean that social media use is necessarily a bad thing.
“I don't think it's always bad，” Howard said. “It can be bad, but it can also provide social support. __5__” Eventually, Howard hopes that people should use technology better, rather than taking it away.
A．This is not someone's real life.
B．Social media is becoming increasingly popular.
C．It's necessary to compare yourself with others sometimes.
D．It can give people a way to be around people that are similar to them.
E．But how they were using social media was, indeed, linked to the condition.
F．But such behavior may be linked with a higher likelihood of having depression.
G．The study also found people with depression were less likely to post their photos.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项调查显示，社交媒体上的一些行为可能会导致我们抑郁。
1．F 下文指出，研究发现社交媒体上的一些行为会导致心理问题。故F项符合语境。
2．E 上文指出，社交媒体的使用原因并不会导致抑郁，这里则应该进一步说明导致抑郁的真正原因。故E项符合语境。
3．G 下文解释说明这可能源于有些人喜欢孤独和独处，这正好解释了一些人不愿意在社交媒体上分享个人照片的原因。故G项符合语境。
4．A 上文Robinson指出，很多人在社交媒体上的照片都经过美化，这恰好说明这并非他们的真实生活。故A项符合语境。
5．D 前面Howard指出，社交媒体有弊有利，这里说明社交媒体的好处。故D项符合语境。
Test 2
(2022·福州市诊断性联考)No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey in order to be successful：No one else is going to provide the ladder (梯子) of success for you.__1__ From the day you leave your parents' house, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make.
If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions.__2__ However, it doesn't change anything.Only you can change your life by changing the choices you make.Take responsibility for everything in your life.Even if it's not in your direct control, you can always choose how you respond.
__3__ If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the levels of success and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life.That's because every great victory requires great sacrifice.If success were easy, everybody would be successful.
There is nothing that you can't achieve with hard work.People often think that their lives will suddenly change through some magical event in the future.__4__ Your life changes only to the extent that you change.Nothing will ever change if you don't change what you do daily.A great way to actively create your future is to ask yourself：If I already achieved my goals, how would I act on a daily basis What books would I read, how often would I work out, and how would I spend my time at the office？__5__
A．But that is not the case.
B．No one else is responsible for your life.
C．Now these questions seem like magic to you.
D．Nothing else can be the drive for your success.
E．Once you answer these questions, you know what to do.
F．The biggest enemy to success is taking the path of least resistance.
G．You can blame other people for your lack of happiness all life long.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了成功需要遵循的法则和过上更好生活的一些注意事项。
1．B 根据本段第一句可知，本段讲到了成功需要遵循的法则，再结合空前的No one else ...可知，B项与上一句句式结构一致，意义连贯，符合语境，且B项中的responsible也与下句中的responsible相呼应。
2．G 根据空后的However, it doesn't change anything.可以推断，此处讲到的内容应该是对改变不会产生影响的事情，故G项(你可以一生都将你的不快乐归咎于他人)符合语境。
3．F 此处是本段的主旨句，根据空后内容可知，成功的道路从不简单，选择有趣和简单的道路而不是必需的道路不会通向你原可以获得的成功和幸福，故F项(成功的最大敌人是选择阻力最小的道路)符合语境。
4．A 空前一句讲到了“人们常常认为他们的生活会因为未来的某个神奇事件而突然改变”，而空后一句讲到了“你的生活只会随着你的改变而改变”，前后句意相反，因此，空处应表示转折，故A项符合语境。
5．E 空前是两个问句，因此设空处应该会总结以上问题，E项中的these questions指代前面的两个问题，且句意与上文连贯，故E项符合语境。
英语高考阅读七选五题解题技巧
第一讲 依设空位置定思考方向
阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题，解答此类题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性，再定位。先定性，即先初读文章，根据空处的位置及文意初步判定空处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡句或细节句；再定位，即再精读文章，根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定选哪一个选项。
句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种设空方式，正是利用设空位置的暗示作用和设空上下文的提示作用来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。本讲主要是从设空位置及所承担的语意关系层面来讲解做题技法，使学生做题时灵活运用解题技法，游刃有余地解答阅读七选五。
一、设空在段首——“段落主题”“承上启下”
若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同，选项短小精悍，多为名词词组、动词-ing短语或祈使句。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句；选项要有概括性，要么承接上段，要么是对下文的概括。
技巧(一) 把握形似，确定段落标题句
典例
(2022·1月浙江高考)
·__34__
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
A．Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
解析 本题考查对段落小标题的选择。根据下文内容可知，学习虽然花费很多时间，但实际上总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做一个积极的学习者。由此可知，B项(做一个积极的学习者)能够概括段落主旨。
答案 __B__
技巧(二) 根据一致，确定段落主题句
典例
(2021·全国乙卷)
__36__， if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A．How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
解析 本题考查段落主题句。根据下文可知，本段主要谈论走出自己的舒适区，或者第一次走进别人的家里，敢于冒险，去品尝不同的食物，并和陌生人交谈。故B项(第一步是去探索)符合语境。
答案 __B__
技巧(三) 瞻前顾后，确定段落过渡句
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.38.The_food_is_so_delicious_that_you_don't_need_much_of_it_to_make_you_happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
__39__ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18！
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
解析 根据设空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。根据上文内容可知，设空处的上一段介绍了法国人吃得少的一个原因是他们的食物美味，本段继续说法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。因此设空处应起到承上启下的作用。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且E项中的that指代上文论述过的原因。
答案 __E__
二、设空在段中——处理好“七种关系”
当设空在段中时，通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系，有时甚至包含多种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，学生就可以利用逻辑关系词来进行推断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要学生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，做出正确的判断。
技巧(一) 根据总分关系确定答案
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though.Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.__37__ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said，“Ouverture des portes，” in perfect French.That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
解析 本段首句介绍了作者租住的公寓情况，下文列举了公寓的特殊之处。根据空前一句提到的“和通常的巴黎公寓不同，这里的水管可以正常使用”和空后一句提到的“我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯”可知，设空处和上下句之间为并列关系，不管是水管和电梯，还是厨房和床，都是对公寓的介绍。
答案 __C__
技巧(二) 根据解释关系确定答案
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率)．You can tell this by café life.French cafés are always crowded.__40__ When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
解析 空前一句提到“法国咖啡厅常常很拥挤”，设空处是进一步解释说明；空后一句通过设问“这些人什么时候工作呢？”也暗示这里的顾客并不都是游客，也有很多法国人。
答案 __A__
技巧(三) 根据例证关系确定答案
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.__38__ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
解析 根据空前一句As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.和下文的描述可知，空处承上启下，既要说明法国人吃得少的原因，又要和下文提到的美味的法国草莓有逻辑上的衔接关系。分析选项可知，G项是对上句的解释说明，并与下句构成例证关系。
答案 __G__
技巧(四) 根据转折关系确定答案
表示转折关系的连接词汇有but、 however/whereas、 nevertheless (然而，不过)、 though、 yet、 in spite of、 at any rate (无论如何)、 in any case (无论如何，不管怎样)、 on the contrary、 by contrast (相反，相比之下)、 by comparison (相比之下)、 otherwise、 not ... but、 as well等。
典例
(2022·全国乙卷)
·Don't rely on technology alone
__40__， but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
解析 本段小标题提到不要只依靠技术，空后一句表示“远距离的友谊，即使是亲密的朋友之间，可能需要更多有意识的努力来维持”，又根据空后的转折连词but可知，设空处应与空后内容形成转折关系，故F项(通过社交媒体很容易产生一种联系感)符合语境。
答案 __F__
技巧(五) 根据因果关系确定答案
表示因果关系的连接词汇有as a result/consequently、 thus/therefore、 so、 so (such) ...that ...等。
典例
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
解析 根据空后的So可知， 设空处与空后一句之间构成因果关系。故F项(我们的目的是想看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活)是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。
答案 __F__
技巧(六) 根据递进关系确定答案
表示递进关系的连接词汇有also、 further、 furthermore、 similarly、 moreover、 in addition、 what's more、 too、 either、 neither、 not only ...but also ...、 the more ...the more ...等。
典例1
(2022·全国甲卷)
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries.__40__， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
解析 根据空后的the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices可将答案锁定选项A和B。 根据语境可知，你在任何特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的文化习俗感到越适应。
答案 __B__
典例2
(2021·6月浙江高考)
Language is certainly a barrier for many people.For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.__34__ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
解析 本段主要说明了明信片交换中的语言障碍。空前一句和设空处都是针对此问题的举例说明。空前一句“虽然收到一张汉语卡片很酷，但如果你不懂汉语，你就看不懂意思”和F项(同样，如果你只会说中文，收到一张瑞典语的卡片也会让你失去一部分乐趣)之间构成递进关系。
答案 __F__
技巧(七) 根据并列关系确定答案
典例
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
So, how do you find a workout partner？
First of all, decide what you want from that person.__37__ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport？
E.How can you write a good “seeking a training partner” notice？
解析 选段第一段提到关于如何找到一个健身伙伴，第二段提到首先要决定你想要从那个人那里得到什么。根据空后一句Or do you just want to be physically fit ...？可知，设空处与空后一句之间是并列关系，设空处也应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。
答案 __D__
三、设空在段尾——“总结概括”“过渡衔接”
技巧(一) 段落过渡句
当设空在非尾段段末时，就有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。假如所缺的是段落间的过渡句，首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词，再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。
典例
(2022·1月浙江高考)
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed.__31__
·Pick the most important.
32.Make_choices_about_what_is_meaningful_in_your_life. Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO.My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
解析 空前一句提到作者能够充分利用时间，但仍然感到快乐和轻松；下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几条建议。由此可知，设空处应是段末过渡句。故F项(也许这些建议将帮助你充分利用时间)承上启下，符合语境。
答案 __F__
技巧(二) 补充信息句
段末设空还有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明，这时要选择补充性的语句。
典例
(2022·全国甲卷)
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.__37__．
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
解析 根据小标题Chopstick Rules和设空处上文可知，本段讲的是筷子的使用规则，设空处上文讲述了如何使用筷子是有礼貌的，设空处也应与筷子的使用规则相关。故F项(在使用筷子时，千万不要把它们竖着插在食物上或是交叉筷子) 是对上文内容进行的补充说明，符合语境。
答案 __F__
技巧(三) 总结句
当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句，是对上文的概括总结。如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句，学生应快速浏览选项，注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如so、 therefore、 hence、 thus、 as a result、 in short、 in a word、 all in all、 to sum up、 to conclude等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项。
典例
(2021·6月浙江高考)
You've got mail ...and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum.Or Africa's Victoria Falls.Or China's Great Wall.__31__
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
解析 上文提到Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开邮筒，找到一张罗马圆形大剧场的彩色图片，或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布的图片，或者是中国长城的图片。由此可知，他喜欢各种明信片。G项中的In short为总结性的词语，是对上文进行的总结。
答案 __G__
Test 1
(2022·合肥市教学质量检测二)Boosting your emotional quotient, or EQ, involves identifying and managing your own emotions, as well as evaluating and controlling the way in which you react to those of others.__1__ It can also improve your relationships with loved ones and your social interactions.Here are some tips you can use to start improving your EQ.
●Identify your emotions.
Identifying your emotions takes practice and is an important step in building emotional quotient.Regularly recognizing and naming your emotions throughout the day is a good way to develop your EQ.__2__ You could even go a step further, and try to determine how the presence of certain emotions affects your behavior and productivity.
●Consider your response.
__3__ Taking responsibility for the way you behave towards others and, possibly even more importantly, be responsible for yourself, is a crucial aspect of emotional quotient.
●__4__
Empathy is the cornerstone of EQ.It is defined as the ability to identify and share the thoughts, feelings or emotional state of another person.A little empathy goes a long way.It is important to demonstrate empathy towards people other than just those with whom you find it easy to get along.
●Listen actively.
Engage in the moment and acknowledge what other people are saying.__5__ Active listening involves asking open-ended questions such as “When？” “How？”“Do you mean ...？” or “Could you tell me a bit more about that？”．Active listening also calls for avoiding questions that would get only a “yes” or “no” response.
Developing your emotional quotient can not only help you reduce your stress, but also leave you with more time to connect with, and continuously improve your relationships with those around you.
A．Show your care.
B．Put yourself in other people's shoes.
C．You just don't know what they might be going through.
D．You must remember you can choose how you react to a situation.
E．Besides, trying to identify exactly what you are feeling can do the trick.
F．Try to avoid just waiting for your turn to talk about yourself and your story.
G．Exploring and improving these skills can help you to succeed in your career.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了几条提高情商的建议。
1．G 根据空后的It can also ...your social interactions.可知，它还可以改善你与所爱的人的关系和你的社交互动。据此可知，空处与此对应，介绍提高情商的好处，故G项符合语境。
2．E 根据空后的You could even ...behavior and productivity.可知，你甚至可以更进一步，试着确定某些情绪的存在是如何影响你的行为和工作效率的。据此可以推知，空处说明准确识别自己情绪的作用，故E项符合语境。
3．D 根据空后的Taking responsibility for ...emotional quotient.可知，要对自己对待他人的方式负责，更重要的是，要对自己负责。据此可知，要记住根据条件应对某种情况，D项中的react与小标题中的response相呼应，符合语境。
4．B 根据该段中的It is defined ...of another person.可知，它被定义为识别和分享另一个人的思想、感觉或情绪状态的能力。再结合下文内容可知，该段主要建议“要设身处地为他人着想”。故B项适合作该段小标题。
5．F 该段主要建议“积极听别人讲话”。根据空前的Engage in the moment and acknowledge what other people are saying.可知，要参与当下，认可别人正在说的，而不是静静地等着轮到自己发言，只谈论自己。故F项符合语境。
Test 2
(2022·金丽衢十二校联考)We may befriend more people on social media, but we have fewer real friends — the kind who would help us out in tough times, listen sympathetically no matter what, lend us money, or keep a secret if we share one.
__1__ He is a Cornell University sociologist who surveyed more than 2，000 adults and found that from 1985 to 2010, the number of truly close friends has dropped even though we're socializing as much as ever.On average, participants listed 2 close friends in his survey.__2__ “These are the people you think of as your real friends, your go-to people if you need something，” Brashears said.
Brashears asked people online from a database called Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences to list the names of people with whom they had discussed “important matters” over the previous six months.48 percent of participants listed one close friend when asked, 28 percent listed two and 19 percent listed more.__3__ He reported the results in the journal Social Networks.
__4__ Brashears said his survey can't tell us conclusively (确凿地), but his guess is that while we meet just as many people as we used to, we sort them differently.
Does that suggest we're more isolated in these times when we seem to meet more people online than in person Social scientists say social media may actually be healthy for us.Keith Hampton from the University of Pennsylvania wrote a report.“Internet, or social media users have more close relationships than other people.They get more overall social support than other people.__5__” wrote Hampton in his blog post.
But online contact and personal contact are different.While Hampton reports we know more people because of social media, Brashears reports there are fewer whom we choose to trust with our most intimate worries.
A．What's the reason behind them
B．What's the meaning of the survey
C．That's the conclusion made by Matthew Brashears.
D．The report reflected issues behind the phenomenon.
E．At the same time, a little more than 4 percent didn't list anyone.
F．Compared with 3 in a previous study, the number was down by one point.
G．And in particular they report more emotional support and companionship.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。社会学家Matthew Brashears 发现，尽管我们在社交媒体上和很多人交朋友，但是我们真正亲密的朋友却越来越少了。
1．C 根据空后的He is a Cornell University sociologist可知，设空处应提到一个人，且因为是第一次出现，这种情况下一般会直接出现人名，故C项符合语境。
2．F 根据上文中的from 1985 to 2010, the number of truly close friends has dropped可知，从1985年至2010年，人们真正亲密的朋友的数量在减少。本空前一句提到participants listed 2 close friends in his survey，因此设空处应该还会出现数据表明真正朋友的数量在下降，故F项符合语境。
3．E 空后一句讲到了He reported the results in the journal Social Networks.，由此可见，该句之前应是全部的研究结果。根据空前的48 percent ...28 percent ...and 19 percent可以推断，设空处应该会出现4%～5%的参与者的情况，故E项符合语境。
4．A 根据空后Brashears的说法“他的研究无法确凿地告诉我们，但是他的猜想是，尽管我们遇到的人和以前一样多，但我们会以不同的方式将他们归类”可知，Brashears对上段中提到的情况进行了解释，故A项符合语境。
5．G 根据空前一句They get more overall social support than other people.可知，设空处应该还是对互联网和社交媒体使用者的描述，故G项符合语境。第二讲 据复现信息解疑难问题
词汇复现法是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手法，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。学生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
技巧(一) 原词复现法
原词复现指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如：“looks”与“looking” “looked”；“go”与“going” “went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词汇。因此，要学会寻找设空处上下句中的相同关键词。
典例1
(2022·全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. __38__， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
解析 空前一句提到法国人希望你每只手拿着一个餐具吃饭(People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.)，空后说“更喜欢用手(instead preferring to use their hands)”，也就是不用“餐具”。故C项(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)符合语境。这里utensils一词为原词复现。
答案 __C__
典例2
(2022·全国乙卷)
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.__37__．There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media 解析 空前一句提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过了，了解你们想要相互联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”，再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出本空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流方式”。E项中的methods与空前一句中的method为原词复现，同时E项中的communication与空前一句中的communicated相呼应。
答案 __E__
技巧(二) 代词复现法
代词复现指为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件，如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词或句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词，还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。
典例
(2022·全国甲卷)
Making Requests
__39__．In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 解析 根据段落小标题Making Requests可知，本段主要介绍的是在用餐时提出请求。设空处也应与此相关。G项中的a simple request是空后一句中的this指代的内容，代词复现是一个很好的解题信号。
答案 __G__
技巧(三) 派生词复现信息
派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词，在句中寻找这类词的复现是解题的一个快捷方法。
典例
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
You and your partner will probably have different skills.__40__ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport？
E.How can you write a good “seeking a training partner” notice？
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
解析 空前一句提到你和你的同伴可能会有不同的技能，空后一句提到随着时间的推移，你们两个都会受益，由此可以推断，F项(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)承上启下，符合语境。F项中的accept your differences对应空前一句中的different skills，其中different的派生词difference也是一个很好的解题信息。
答案 __F__
技巧(四) 同义词/近义词复现信息
同义词/近义词复现是指设空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义词/近义词在正确选项中出现。
典例
(2021·1月浙江高考)
If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at different registers.Think about the probability：__33__So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
B.So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines？
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. 解析 空前的probability与D项中的chances相对应，同时D项与空后一句So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.相呼应，符合语境。
答案 __D__
技巧(五) 反义词复现信息
反义词复现是指上下文中有词义相反的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
典例
(2021·全国甲卷)
·Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection.__37__， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
A． Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over 解析 本段主题句是需要召集5－10人组成衣物交换。下文表示“人数超过那个数字，活动将无法控制”，由此可知，设空处应与下文语义相反，应描述人数不够的情况。设空处应与下文的more than that形成对比，应用less than that，less与more互为反义词。
答案 __A__
Test 1
You might be familiar with the experience of looking through your Facebook feed, only to feel like everyone else's lives are better than yours.
__1__ That's one finding from a new study that proved some social media behaviors linked with the mental health condition.
In the study, the researchers analyzed information from around 500 undergraduate students who actively used social media and completed an online survey to examine certain social media behaviors.
The researchers found that people's reasons for using social media were not linked with depression. __2__ For example, the study found that people with depression were more likely to compare themselves to others they considered “better off than me”．
__3__ This may be related to the tendency of people with depression to isolate themselves, said Anthony Robinson, a psychology student at Texas State University.
In any case, it's not good to compare yourself to others who seem “better off” than you, Robinson added. “People tend to make themselves look better off than they really are on social media，” he said. “__4__ It's important to recognize that.”
The researchers also stressed that their findings don't mean that social media use is necessarily a bad thing.
“I don't think it's always bad，” Howard said. “It can be bad, but it can also provide social support. __5__” Eventually, Howard hopes that people should use technology better, rather than taking it away.
A．This is not someone's real life.
B．Social media is becoming increasingly popular.
C．It's necessary to compare yourself with others sometimes.
D．It can give people a way to be around people that are similar to them.
E．But how they were using social media was, indeed, linked to the condition.
F．But such behavior may be linked with a higher likelihood of having depression.
G．The study also found people with depression were less likely to post their photos.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项调查显示，社交媒体上的一些行为可能会导致我们抑郁。
1．F 下文指出，研究发现社交媒体上的一些行为会导致心理问题。故F项符合语境。
2．E 上文指出，社交媒体的使用原因并不会导致抑郁，这里则应该进一步说明导致抑郁的真正原因。故E项符合语境。
3．G 下文解释说明这可能源于有些人喜欢孤独和独处，这正好解释了一些人不愿意在社交媒体上分享个人照片的原因。故G项符合语境。
4．A 上文Robinson指出，很多人在社交媒体上的照片都经过美化，这恰好说明这并非他们的真实生活。故A项符合语境。
5．D 前面Howard指出，社交媒体有弊有利，这里说明社交媒体的好处。故D项符合语境。
Test 2
(2022·福州市诊断性联考)No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey in order to be successful：No one else is going to provide the ladder (梯子) of success for you.__1__ From the day you leave your parents' house, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make.
If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions.__2__ However, it doesn't change anything.Only you can change your life by changing the choices you make.Take responsibility for everything in your life.Even if it's not in your direct control, you can always choose how you respond.
__3__ If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the levels of success and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life.That's because every great victory requires great sacrifice.If success were easy, everybody would be successful.
There is nothing that you can't achieve with hard work.People often think that their lives will suddenly change through some magical event in the future.__4__ Your life changes only to the extent that you change.Nothing will ever change if you don't change what you do daily.A great way to actively create your future is to ask yourself：If I already achieved my goals, how would I act on a daily basis What books would I read, how often would I work out, and how would I spend my time at the office？__5__
A．But that is not the case.
B．No one else is responsible for your life.
C．Now these questions seem like magic to you.
D．Nothing else can be the drive for your success.
E．Once you answer these questions, you know what to do.
F．The biggest enemy to success is taking the path of least resistance.
G．You can blame other people for your lack of happiness all life long.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了成功需要遵循的法则和过上更好生活的一些注意事项。
1．B 根据本段第一句可知，本段讲到了成功需要遵循的法则，再结合空前的No one else ...可知，B项与上一句句式结构一致，意义连贯，符合语境，且B项中的responsible也与下句中的responsible相呼应。
2．G 根据空后的However, it doesn't change anything.可以推断，此处讲到的内容应该是对改变不会产生影响的事情，故G项(你可以一生都将你的不快乐归咎于他人)符合语境。
3．F 此处是本段的主旨句，根据空后内容可知，成功的道路从不简单，选择有趣和简单的道路而不是必需的道路不会通向你原可以获得的成功和幸福，故F项(成功的最大敌人是选择阻力最小的道路)符合语境。
4．A 空前一句讲到了“人们常常认为他们的生活会因为未来的某个神奇事件而突然改变”，而空后一句讲到了“你的生活只会随着你的改变而改变”，前后句意相反，因此，空处应表示转折，故A项符合语境。
5．E 空前是两个问句，因此设空处应该会总结以上问题，E项中的these questions指代前面的两个问题，且句意与上文连贯，故E项符合语境。