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浙江新目标（Go for it）版初中英语八年级下册Unit 1 Section B同步练习
一、填空题
1．根据句意及汉语或音标提示完成单词
（1）—What's wrong with you
—I hurt my (膝盖) while playing soccer.
（2） (几乎) no one believed what he said just now.
（3）There are two (刀) and three forks on the desk.
（4）The word “fast” (意思是) “quickly”.
（5）He has made a [di si n] to visit the West Lake in the coming summer holidays.
2．根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
（1）— Alice （伤到）her knees just now.
— I'm sorry to hear that.
（2）— May I borrow your （刀子）
— Here you are.
（3）You will realize the （重要性）of learning English.
（4）The man's （死亡）made me sad.
（5）The hospital needs many （护士）.
二、翻译
3．根据汉语提示完成句子。每空不限一词。
（1）昨天他坚持工作到半夜。
He until midnight yesterday.
（2）到了我们做决定的时候了。
It is time for us to .
（3）医生不得不截掉他的左腿。
The doctor had to his left leg.
（4）格林先生掌管着一个有5000名工人的公司。
Mr. Green a company of 5,000 workers.
（5）我们希望尽快走出困境。
We hope to the difficult situation as soon as possible.
三、句型转换
4．按要求完成句子
（1）You should see a doctor and get an X-ray.（改为祈使句）
a doctor and an X-ray.
（2）He can't go camping because the weather is bad.（改为同义句）
He can't go camping the bad weather.
（3）Linda is too young to go to school.（改为同义句）
Linda is young she can't go to school.
（4）What's the meaning of the word （改为同义句）
What the word
（5）Alan can't go to school because he hurt his knee.（对画线部分提问）
Alan go to school
四、完形填空
5．根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
Mike is a factory worker. He works long hours every day. He is often very （1） after a day's work. His wife, Jenny, has no （2） , so she stays at home to cook the meals. Every day he can have his dinner when he （3） home from his factory.
One day, Mike came home very （4） because he was very busy in the factory. He was very （5） when he got home.
He was not （6） when he found his dinner was not ready. He was very angry with his wife. He （7） at her, “I'm going out to eat in a （8） .”
“ （9） for five minutes," said his wife.
"Why Do you think that dinner will be ready in five minutes " asked Mike.
"Of course not," she answered. "But I （10） be ready to go with you in five minutes."
（1）A．tired B．relaxed
C．lucky D．popular
（2）A．money B．time
C．idea D． job
（3）A．leaves B．builds
C．gets D．crosses
（4）A．quickly B．late
C．slowly D．early
（5）A．full B．active
C．hungry D．friendly
（6）A．bored B．careful
C．normal D．happy
（7）A．shouted B．laughed
C．rushed D．smiled
（8）A．bank B．restaurant
C．hotel D．factory
（9）A．care B．look C．stand D．wait
（10）A．won't B．have to
C．can D．mustn't
五、阅读理解
6．（2017·绵阳）根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
The other day, I told Connie that I'd rather take the bus to work than ride in my comfortable limousine, because of the high cost of gasoline. But today, I discovered how wrong I was.
When I got into my limousine this morning, my driver told me that the motor didn't sound like it was running well.
“Look,” I said, “I have an important meeting at 9:00. I have to be on time!”
We drove about three blocks—then the motor died.
“Sorry, Mr. Foster. I thought this might happen. But look! There's the downtown bus. Maybe you should take it. So you don't miss your meeting.”
“Well, I…I…Oh! I suppose I have to.”
I got on the bus and gave the driver my money.
“Mister, are you serious We can't make change for a $100 bill!”
“I AM CHARLES K. FOSTER. AND I ORDER THAT YOU SHOULD MAKE CHANGE!”
“Mister,” said the driver, “I don't care who you are. You will have to get off the bus.”
Well. I was so mad when I got off that bus that I didn't watch where I was going, and I was almost hit by a car! So now, all I have to say is this: My business may be killing me, but riding the bus certainly will.
（1）The word “limousine” in Paragraph 1 most probably means a ______.
A．motorbike B．truck C．car D．bus
（2）Why did the writer's driver suggest him taking the bus
A．The bus would stop at the meeting-room.
B．The limousine completely broke down.
C．The driver had an important meeting.
D．The motor was not running very well.
（3）The writer failed to catch the bus because _______.
A．there were too many passengers
B．it was heading in the wrong direction
C．the driver couldn't change his money
D．he was rude in the bus driver
（4）How did the writer feel when he had to get off the bus
A．Angry. B．Uneasy. C．Shameful. D．Funny.
（5）What can we guess from the last paragraph
A．The writer was doing well in his business.
B．Connie would lose his job as the writer's driver.
C．The writer was sure that he would be killed by a bus.
D．The writer wouldn't take a bus to work after that.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）knee
（2）Almost
（3）knives
（4）means
（5）decision
【解析】【分析】
（1）句子中缺少名词，膝盖是knee。句意：—你怎么了？—我踢足球时膝盖受伤了。故填knee。
（2）几乎，副词，almost,注意大写;和nearly的区别：almost 可用于any以no,none,nobody,nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly 一般不这样用。句 意：几乎没人相信他刚才说的话。故填Almost。
（3）根据关键词two可知用名词复数。句意：桌子上有两把刀和三把叉子。故填knives。
（4）主语The word是单数第三人称，故动词也用单数第三人称。句意：“Fast”这个词的意思是“快的”。故填means。
（5）a后跟名词单数，根据音标可知。句意：他已经决定在即将到来的暑假里去游览西湖。故填decision。
【点评】该题目考查的是词汇拼写运用，根据汉语或音标灵活使用单词，不容易。
2．【答案】（1）hurt
（2）knife
（3）importance
（4）death
（5）nurses
【知识点】单词拼写；补充句子
【解析】【分析】（1）时间状语是 just now，用于一般过去时，故动词填过去式，hurt的过去式和原形一样，故填 hurt。
（2）“刀子”knife，用名词单数形式。
（3）the importance of “……的重要性”，用名词形式，故填 importance。
（4）句意是：那个人的死亡使我很悲伤。根据句意用名词形式death。
（5）“护士”nurse，many后面跟名词复数形式，故填 nurses。
【点评】本题考查补充句子，根据句意以及汉语提示写出单词，需要注意单词的适当形式。
3．【答案】（1）kept on working
（2）make decisions
（3）cut off
（4）is in control of
（5）get out of
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】
（1）考查短语“坚持做某事”keep on doing sth，句子的时间状语是 yesterday，故填过去式 kept on working。
（2）考查固定短语“做决定”make decisions，注意用名词复数形式。
（3）考查短语“截掉” cut of，前面是情态动词 had to，故填动词原形。
（4）考查固定短语“掌管”be in control of，本句是一般现在时，主语 Mr. Green 是第三人称单数，故be动词用 is。
（5）考查固定短语“走出”get out of，hope to do sth，to 后面跟动词原形，故填 get out of。
【点评】本题考查汉译英，答题前先找出有什么中文意思没有翻译出来，再填入适当的词组或所缺内容，注意单词或短语的正确形式的使用。
4．【答案】（1）See；get
（2）because；of
（3）so；that
（4）does；mean
（5）Why；can't
【解析】【分析】
（1）祈使句即动词原形开头。故填See, get。
（2） because后跟句子，同义词是because of后跟短语。故填because of。
（3）too...to表示太......而不能......同义短语是so...that如此......以至于。故填so, that。
（4）What's the meaning of...是......的意思是..... 还可以用What does...mean 来问。故填does, mean。
（5）对because从句的提问用why, 句子中的can’t是情态动词，抄下来。故填Why can't。
【点评】该题目考查的改写句子，根据提示进行变化，容易。
5．【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）D；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）C
【知识点】人物传记/故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】
（1）A根据上句，Mike每天工作很长时间，所以下班后经常很累。
（2）D由下半句“他的妻子在家做饭。”可知，她没有工作。
（3）C从工厂回到家，Mike可以吃上晚饭。get home到家。
（4）B 南he was very busy in the factory，推知回家很晚。
（5）C Mike到家时非常饿。所以形容词应该用hungry。
（6）D Mike发现晚饭没有准备好，很不高兴。
（7）A Mike生妻子的气，所以朝她喊叫。
（8）B Mike对妻子喊叫：“我要出去在一家 吃饭。”根据语境，能吃饭的地方肯定是饭馆。
（9）D妻子听到Mike的话，说“等我5分钟”。
（10）C Mike认为妻子能在5分钟内做完晚饭，结果妻子说“当然不是。我5分钟内准备好和你一起外出吃饭。”这是一个幽默的结局。
【点评】完形填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完形填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
6．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述了作者坐着自己家的车去上班，结果车在上班途中坏了，因为要急着赶去开会，所以不得不坐公交车，可知自己没有带零钱，司机竟然因为找不开零钱让他下车了，作者很生气。
（1）词义猜测题。根据When I got into my limousine this morning, my driver told me that the motor didn't sound like it was running well.可知，这里指自家的小小汽车。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据We drove about three blocks—then the motor died.可知，自家的车坏了，不得不坐公交车。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据We can't make change for a $100 bill!”可知，因为司机没有零钱找给作者。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据I was so mad when I got off that bus可知，作者下车的时候很生气。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据My business may be killing me, but riding the bus certainly will.可知，作者从此不愿再坐车。故选D
【点评】阅读考题中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。
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浙江新目标（Go for it）版初中英语八年级下册Unit 1 Section B同步练习
一、填空题
1．根据句意及汉语或音标提示完成单词
（1）—What's wrong with you
—I hurt my (膝盖) while playing soccer.
（2） (几乎) no one believed what he said just now.
（3）There are two (刀) and three forks on the desk.
（4）The word “fast” (意思是) “quickly”.
（5）He has made a [di si n] to visit the West Lake in the coming summer holidays.
【答案】（1）knee
（2）Almost
（3）knives
（4）means
（5）decision
【解析】【分析】
（1）句子中缺少名词，膝盖是knee。句意：—你怎么了？—我踢足球时膝盖受伤了。故填knee。
（2）几乎，副词，almost,注意大写;和nearly的区别：almost 可用于any以no,none,nobody,nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly 一般不这样用。句 意：几乎没人相信他刚才说的话。故填Almost。
（3）根据关键词two可知用名词复数。句意：桌子上有两把刀和三把叉子。故填knives。
（4）主语The word是单数第三人称，故动词也用单数第三人称。句意：“Fast”这个词的意思是“快的”。故填means。
（5）a后跟名词单数，根据音标可知。句意：他已经决定在即将到来的暑假里去游览西湖。故填decision。
【点评】该题目考查的是词汇拼写运用，根据汉语或音标灵活使用单词，不容易。
2．根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
（1）— Alice （伤到）her knees just now.
— I'm sorry to hear that.
（2）— May I borrow your （刀子）
— Here you are.
（3）You will realize the （重要性）of learning English.
（4）The man's （死亡）made me sad.
（5）The hospital needs many （护士）.
【答案】（1）hurt
（2）knife
（3）importance
（4）death
（5）nurses
【知识点】单词拼写；补充句子
【解析】【分析】（1）时间状语是 just now，用于一般过去时，故动词填过去式，hurt的过去式和原形一样，故填 hurt。
（2）“刀子”knife，用名词单数形式。
（3）the importance of “……的重要性”，用名词形式，故填 importance。
（4）句意是：那个人的死亡使我很悲伤。根据句意用名词形式death。
（5）“护士”nurse，many后面跟名词复数形式，故填 nurses。
【点评】本题考查补充句子，根据句意以及汉语提示写出单词，需要注意单词的适当形式。
二、翻译
3．根据汉语提示完成句子。每空不限一词。
（1）昨天他坚持工作到半夜。
He until midnight yesterday.
（2）到了我们做决定的时候了。
It is time for us to .
（3）医生不得不截掉他的左腿。
The doctor had to his left leg.
（4）格林先生掌管着一个有5000名工人的公司。
Mr. Green a company of 5,000 workers.
（5）我们希望尽快走出困境。
We hope to the difficult situation as soon as possible.
【答案】（1）kept on working
（2）make decisions
（3）cut off
（4）is in control of
（5）get out of
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】
（1）考查短语“坚持做某事”keep on doing sth，句子的时间状语是 yesterday，故填过去式 kept on working。
（2）考查固定短语“做决定”make decisions，注意用名词复数形式。
（3）考查短语“截掉” cut of，前面是情态动词 had to，故填动词原形。
（4）考查固定短语“掌管”be in control of，本句是一般现在时，主语 Mr. Green 是第三人称单数，故be动词用 is。
（5）考查固定短语“走出”get out of，hope to do sth，to 后面跟动词原形，故填 get out of。
【点评】本题考查汉译英，答题前先找出有什么中文意思没有翻译出来，再填入适当的词组或所缺内容，注意单词或短语的正确形式的使用。
三、句型转换
4．按要求完成句子
（1）You should see a doctor and get an X-ray.（改为祈使句）
a doctor and an X-ray.
（2）He can't go camping because the weather is bad.（改为同义句）
He can't go camping the bad weather.
（3）Linda is too young to go to school.（改为同义句）
Linda is young she can't go to school.
（4）What's the meaning of the word （改为同义句）
What the word
（5）Alan can't go to school because he hurt his knee.（对画线部分提问）
Alan go to school
【答案】（1）See；get
（2）because；of
（3）so；that
（4）does；mean
（5）Why；can't
【解析】【分析】
（1）祈使句即动词原形开头。故填See, get。
（2） because后跟句子，同义词是because of后跟短语。故填because of。
（3）too...to表示太......而不能......同义短语是so...that如此......以至于。故填so, that。
（4）What's the meaning of...是......的意思是..... 还可以用What does...mean 来问。故填does, mean。
（5）对because从句的提问用why, 句子中的can’t是情态动词，抄下来。故填Why can't。
【点评】该题目考查的改写句子，根据提示进行变化，容易。
四、完形填空
5．根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
Mike is a factory worker. He works long hours every day. He is often very （1） after a day's work. His wife, Jenny, has no （2） , so she stays at home to cook the meals. Every day he can have his dinner when he （3） home from his factory.
One day, Mike came home very （4） because he was very busy in the factory. He was very （5） when he got home.
He was not （6） when he found his dinner was not ready. He was very angry with his wife. He （7） at her, “I'm going out to eat in a （8） .”
“ （9） for five minutes," said his wife.
"Why Do you think that dinner will be ready in five minutes " asked Mike.
"Of course not," she answered. "But I （10） be ready to go with you in five minutes."
（1）A．tired B．relaxed
C．lucky D．popular
（2）A．money B．time
C．idea D． job
（3）A．leaves B．builds
C．gets D．crosses
（4）A．quickly B．late
C．slowly D．early
（5）A．full B．active
C．hungry D．friendly
（6）A．bored B．careful
C．normal D．happy
（7）A．shouted B．laughed
C．rushed D．smiled
（8）A．bank B．restaurant
C．hotel D．factory
（9）A．care B．look C．stand D．wait
（10）A．won't B．have to
C．can D．mustn't
【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）C；（4）B；（5）C；（6）D；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）C
【知识点】人物传记/故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】
（1）A根据上句，Mike每天工作很长时间，所以下班后经常很累。
（2）D由下半句“他的妻子在家做饭。”可知，她没有工作。
（3）C从工厂回到家，Mike可以吃上晚饭。get home到家。
（4）B 南he was very busy in the factory，推知回家很晚。
（5）C Mike到家时非常饿。所以形容词应该用hungry。
（6）D Mike发现晚饭没有准备好，很不高兴。
（7）A Mike生妻子的气，所以朝她喊叫。
（8）B Mike对妻子喊叫：“我要出去在一家 吃饭。”根据语境，能吃饭的地方肯定是饭馆。
（9）D妻子听到Mike的话，说“等我5分钟”。
（10）C Mike认为妻子能在5分钟内做完晚饭，结果妻子说“当然不是。我5分钟内准备好和你一起外出吃饭。”这是一个幽默的结局。
【点评】完形填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完形填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
五、阅读理解
6．（2017·绵阳）根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
The other day, I told Connie that I'd rather take the bus to work than ride in my comfortable limousine, because of the high cost of gasoline. But today, I discovered how wrong I was.
When I got into my limousine this morning, my driver told me that the motor didn't sound like it was running well.
“Look,” I said, “I have an important meeting at 9:00. I have to be on time!”
We drove about three blocks—then the motor died.
“Sorry, Mr. Foster. I thought this might happen. But look! There's the downtown bus. Maybe you should take it. So you don't miss your meeting.”
“Well, I…I…Oh! I suppose I have to.”
I got on the bus and gave the driver my money.
“Mister, are you serious We can't make change for a $100 bill!”
“I AM CHARLES K. FOSTER. AND I ORDER THAT YOU SHOULD MAKE CHANGE!”
“Mister,” said the driver, “I don't care who you are. You will have to get off the bus.”
Well. I was so mad when I got off that bus that I didn't watch where I was going, and I was almost hit by a car! So now, all I have to say is this: My business may be killing me, but riding the bus certainly will.
（1）The word “limousine” in Paragraph 1 most probably means a ______.
A．motorbike B．truck C．car D．bus
（2）Why did the writer's driver suggest him taking the bus
A．The bus would stop at the meeting-room.
B．The limousine completely broke down.
C．The driver had an important meeting.
D．The motor was not running very well.
（3）The writer failed to catch the bus because _______.
A．there were too many passengers
B．it was heading in the wrong direction
C．the driver couldn't change his money
D．he was rude in the bus driver
（4）How did the writer feel when he had to get off the bus
A．Angry. B．Uneasy. C．Shameful. D．Funny.
（5）What can we guess from the last paragraph
A．The writer was doing well in his business.
B．Connie would lose his job as the writer's driver.
C．The writer was sure that he would be killed by a bus.
D．The writer wouldn't take a bus to work after that.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述了作者坐着自己家的车去上班，结果车在上班途中坏了，因为要急着赶去开会，所以不得不坐公交车，可知自己没有带零钱，司机竟然因为找不开零钱让他下车了，作者很生气。
（1）词义猜测题。根据When I got into my limousine this morning, my driver told me that the motor didn't sound like it was running well.可知，这里指自家的小小汽车。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据We drove about three blocks—then the motor died.可知，自家的车坏了，不得不坐公交车。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据We can't make change for a $100 bill!”可知，因为司机没有零钱找给作者。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据I was so mad when I got off that bus可知，作者下车的时候很生气。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据My business may be killing me, but riding the bus certainly will.可知，作者从此不愿再坐车。故选D
【点评】阅读考题中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。
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