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外研版（2019）高中英语必修第二册Unit 1 Food for thought同步练习
一、根据汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．She has made a large (布丁) and ordered a turkey for Christmas Day.
2．In some countries, the moon is a
(象征) of wealth and luck.
3．If you don't take milk, cheese or
(酸奶), other sources of calcium are
important.
4．I have just spent a holiday there
and would like to (推荐) it to anyone.
5．I do hope you'll be able to come to
my (婚礼).
6．The (风俗，传统) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.
7．In the evenings, we used to
(聚集) around the fireplace and talked.
8．The teacher asked everyone of us to write
a very brief description of a (典型的) historical
problem.
9．According to the research, the brain
performs a very important and vital (作用); it controls the
nervous system of the body.
10．The boss asked us to finish the
remaining part of the project (在……之内) a month.
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11．Do you know that
the country's (office) language is Spanish
12．I went through
about four years of being (addict) to video games.
13．Having
(identify) the problem, the question arises of how to overcome it.
14．I think I must
be doing something (horrible) wrong, but I don't know what it is.
15．It seems that some
users' passwords are stolen by an (attack).
16．Some people have
become indifferent to the (suffer) of others.
17．In this resort
you can enjoy all the comfort and (convenient) of modern tourism.
18．The conference
was (original) planned to open in March.
19．He shows me some
works, none of which is (satisfy).
20．In a good (marry), both husband
and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
三、选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式，完成句子
21．选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式，完成句子
in case belong to
pick up catch up
end up
（1）These musical instruments the school.
（2）Every time they went dancing they
in a bad mood.
（3）It's been years since we were last together!
You and I must really with each other sometime soon.
（4）Leave your key with a neighbour you lock yourself out one day.
（5）My sister a valuable first
edition of her favorite book at a village book sale.
四、阅读理解
22．阅读理解
You may think the best way to solve a tough problem is to keep working on it, even overnight. But the truth is just the opposite: Your best chance to get to the bottom of a problem is actually to sleep on it.
A team of researchers at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and re-organizing memory. This can help you solve problems.
The researchers did an experiment with 57 students. They asked them to solve 42 difficult puzzles on the first day. The students worked on each puzzle while listening to different music. The research encouraged students to remember the music they heard while solving the puzzles. By the end, there were six puzzles that the students still hadn't solved.
The students then went back home to sleep. They were given special sleep-monitoring (睡眠监测) and music devices (设备). The devices played music linked with the unsolved puzzles while the students were in the slow-wave sleep stage. This stage is when people are likely to dream and re-organize their memories.
The next morning, the students tried the unsolved puzzles again. Researchers found they were 55 percent more likely to solve them. The music activated (激活) the memories they had of the puzzles while they
were sleeping. It allowed them to
"work" on the puzzles in their sleep.
Earlier studies of both people and animals have shown that sleep cannot only strengthen memory, but also help us organize information in our brains. This study seems to support that understanding. So the next time you face a difficult problem, sleep on it. Then play some music to remind yourself of the problem.
（1）What did the research at Northwestern University find
A．Sleeping can help people solve problems.
B．Listening to music can improve memory.
C．Music can help people solve puzzles faster.
D．People can solve difficult puzzles in their dreams.
（2）What do we know about the experiment
A．Some students didn't listen to music while solving puzzles.
B．Some kept working on the puzzles when others were sleeping.
C．The students "worked" on the unsolved puzzles while sleeping.
D．Many students found it difficult to remember the music they heard.
（3）What do we learn from the last paragraph
A．This study supports earlier findings.
B．The finding is of little practical value.
C．This study should have had animals included.
D．No research has been done in this field before.
23．阅读理解
One of the nicest things to do during the
cold winter is to curl up (蜷缩) with a hot cup of tea.
But for Britons, tea is a popular drink
all year round. Afternoon tea, high tea, builder's tea (a strong cup of tea, usually
with full-fat milk and two teaspoons of sugar), tea gowns (礼服), tea cakes, tea houses,
tea breaks ... they are all everyday names and phrases in the UK.
Tea has, in fact, become part of the British
way of life. And Britons' preferences for types of tea and how to drink it can really
say a lot about them.
British anthropologist (人类学家) Kate Fox writes in
her book Watching the English that several clear messages are sent whenever
a Briton makes a cup of tea.
She observes that the strongest cups of
black tea are usually drunk by the working class. The tea gets weaker as one goes
up the social ladder.
Sugar means something, too. "Taking
sugar in your tea is thought by many to be a sign of a lower-class person: even
one makes people suspicious (可疑的); more than one and you are lower-middle at best; more than two and
you are definitely working class," she writes.
Other rules involve how milk and sugar are
added, if any is added. For example, drinking smoky black Lapsang Souchong (正山小种) tea from China with
no sugar or milk can be a sign of class worries in the middle class.
Tea doesn't just show class, though; it
can also be a social space filler. "Whenever the English feel awkward (尴尬的) or uncomfortable in
a social situation (that is, almost all the time), they make tea," Fox wrote
in her book.
（1）According to Kate Fox, ______.
A．adding milk to your tea can be a sign of class worries
B．working-class people usually like to drink weak tea
C．adding sugar to your tea can make you suspicious
D．upper-class Britons may not put any sugar in their tea
（2）What can be concluded from the book Watching the English
A．How a Briton drinks his or her tea reflects his or her social position.
B．Britons often judge others' class by their tea.
C．Britons drink tea to show off their special tastes.
D．A Briton's way of drinking tea shows his or her individuality.
（3）By saying "Tea can also be a social space filler", the author means that drinking tea is______.
A．a way of enriching Britons' lives
B．a way of making friends
C．a tool to judge Britons by
D．a way to feel better in social situations
（4）What's the main idea of the article
A．British tea has many interesting functions.
B．There are rules to obey when drinking British tea.
C．The ways in which Britons drink their tea are very telling.
D．Tea plays an important part on social occasions in Britain.
24．阅读理解
In recent years, the number of foreign guests
increased rapidly. More and more hotels have western-style food services. At the
same time, more and more Chinese people have accustomed to the hobby of eating western-style
food.
When eating western-style food, you can
talk with others freely and lightly. But, when you talk with others, don't chew
the food in your mouth. Generally speaking, clean your lips with napkins before
talking or drinking.
When eating western-style food, you cannot
hold the plate when eating; and you cannot stab the food while eating a large piece
of food. You should cut the food into small pieces and then put them into your mouth.
When eating western-style food, the way
of eating is similar to the way of eating Cantonese food. That is — drink soup first
and then eat the dishes. When drinking the soup, hold the spoon with right hand,
and the spoon should face the outer side to ladle out the soup, and then put it
into the mouth. Don't make any sound while drinking the soup.
When eating western-style food, the bones
and thorns should not be put into the mouth when you meet the dishes which have
them. The food which already eaten into the mouth cannot be spit out. So you should
know the food you eat when eating western-style food. For the food which you are
not so sure or the food which you don't like, then you'd better not put them into
your mouth.
When eating western-style food, if you leave
the table without finishing the dinner, you should put the knife and fork crossed
beside the plate, let the edge of the knife faces inside. If you have finished your
meal, you should put the knife and fork side by side to show that the plate can
be removed.
（1）The reason why more and more western-style food is served in hotels might be that________.
A．western-style food is less expensive
B．western-style food looks fine
C．an increasing number of foreigners come to China lately
D．eating western-style food is so cool
（2）When you want to talk or drink, you'd better ________first.
A．say “excuse me” B．put up your hand
C．stand up D．wipe your lips
（3）When the soup and the dishes are served, you should________.
A．eat the dishes first and then drink the soup
B．drink the soup before eating the dishes
C．eat the dishes while drinking the soup
D．drink the soup and eat the dishes at the same time
（4）Seeing the knife and fork crossed beside the plate, the waiter________.
A．won't remove the plate
B．will remove the plate
C．will ask you if you've finished your meal
D．doesn't know what to do
25．阅读理解
The human face is a remarkable piece of
work. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other
and is important to the formation of complex societies. So is the face's ability
to send emotional signals, whether through an unconscious reddening of face or a
false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom
as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, trust
and cheat. They also spend plenty of time trying to dissimulate.
Technology is rapidly catching up with the
human ability to read faces. In America, facial recognition is used by churches
to track prayers' attendance; in Britain, by shopkeepers to spot past thieves. This
year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China,
it verifies the identities of ride-hailing (网约车) drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions
and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use
it to unlock the home screen.
Compared with human skills, such applications
might expand steadily in scale. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet,
obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them.
Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology
does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability
to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale
promises one day to bring about major changes to our understanding of privacy, fairness
and trust.
Start with privacy. One big difference between
faces and other biometric (计量生物学的) data, such as fingerprints, is that they work at a distance. Anyone
with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use. FindFace,
an app in Russia, compares snaps of strangers with pictures on VKontakte, a social
network, and can identify people with a 70% accuracy rate. Even if private firms
are unable to join the dots between images and identity, the state often can. Photographs
of half of America's adult population are stored in databases that can be used by
the FBI. Law-enforcement agencies now have a powerful weapon in their ability to
track criminals, but at enormous potential cost to citizens' privacy.
（1）What does the underlined word "dissimulate" in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Hide emotions from others. B．Make known to the public.
C．Act in disregard of laws. D．Become friends with others.
（2）What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．applications B．breakthroughs
C．human abilities D．human skills
（3）What kind of changes might be discussed in the following paragraphs
A．Safety and first aid. B．Social services.
C．Finance and trade. D．Fairness and trust.
（4）What's the best title for the passage
A．Benefits resulting from facial breakthrough.
B．Facial Recognition: nowhere to hide.
C．The power of human faces.
D．Technologies concerning facial recognition.
五、任务型阅读
26．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Survive and Thrive
Here are some tips to help you learn not only to survive, but
to thrive (成长) and grow in a chaotic world.
Try to build on strengths rather than focus on limitations. Maybe you'll become an auto mechanic (技工), or maybe you'll make
good use of your ability to classify detailed information to build a career as a
biologist or druggist.
Realize that few mistakes are disastrous. Did you fail a course
Most of us can't avoid an occasional
failure, but we can learn bounce-back attitudes through failures.
Cecilia,
a shy twelve-year-old, became livelier when she won the lead in a school play. “We
want you to improve your grades, but not spend time on plays!” said her worried
mother. To everyone's surprise, Cecilia's grades improved. Most importantly, no matter what happens,
Cecilia can return to that feeling of success whenever she gets discouraged.
Getting into a top university — or any university — will not
guarantee success. I've met people from top universities who have experienced unemployment
and even homelessness. Career-changers
who face the future with an attitude of “I can handle anything” are the ones who
win today. While in difficulties, they keep up their spirits till they figure out
what to do next.
A. Have no idea about your future plan
B. Face rejection from a first-choice college
C. Life is hard at the moment, but we're
surviving.
D. Try to experience success in any area
of your life.
E. I've met high school drop-outs who became
very successful.
F. Do you spend hours studying models of
cars for the last twenty years
G. And she made new friends with the "good
kids" who were also achievers.
六、完形填空
27．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I became a junior, I decided to take Latin at school. I
was so （1） about
taking that class, and I was fully expecting to be able to （2） every word I'd ever come across once I learned
Latin.
But Latin class was so （3） . Each
day, the teacher, Mr Ready, would ask us to open our （4） and
recite aloud the various Latin forms of words. This was the （5） he taught
us every day. It was until I （6） my hand one afternoon when we were asked yet
again to open our books.
When Mr Keady asked what was wrong, I （7） why I thought that his class was dull, how
I had expected more, and that his method of teaching was （8） . When
I finished speaking, I （9） Mr
Keady to angrily send me to the head teacher.
But instead, he sat at his desk quietly, looking defeated（受挫的）and tired. After several
moments of （10） , Mr Keady spoke. He quietly and firmly said
that he would （11） carefully
about what I'd said. And that was it.
In the following weeks, Latin class didn't become the exciting
learning environment I （12） it
would, but Mr Keady did try harder. He brought in some new worksheets and （13） to involve
us students more in his classes.
Maybe some people would （14） what
I did, but even so many years later, I feel bad about it.
If I saw him now, I'd tell him how I （15） what
I'd done that day in class, and that I was disrespectful. And at the same time,
I'd also tell him that he taught me a wonderful （16） that day. Following my （17） words,
he showed me that being （18） doesn't mean you have to give away your dignity
(尊严).
Indeed, Mr Keady's （19） proved that no matter how hurt you feel, no
one — no one — can （20） your
dignity.
（1）A．curious B．worried C．excited D．careful
（2）A．understand B．describe C．notice D．connect
（3）A．difficult B．boring C．different D．enjoyable
（4）A．eyes B．mouths C．schoolbags D．books
（5）A．way B．business C．game D．project
（6）A．spread out B．reached out C．set up D．put up
（7）A．admitted B．explained C．doubted D．wondered
（8）A．funny B．regular C．old-fashioned D．unfamiliar
（9）A．expected B．reminded C．allowed D．advised
（10）A．practice B．silence C．debate D．criticism
（11）A．advise B．talk C．think D．learn
（12）A．suggested B．promised C．decided D．hoped
（13）A．tried B．happened C．managed D．failed
（14）A．blame B．praise C．recall D．ignore
（15）A．regretted B．loved C．believed D．feared
（16）A．experience B．surprise C．lesson D．opportunity
（17）A．unkind B．impatient C．curious D．proud
（18）A．stopped B．wounded C．celebrated D．taught
（19）A．answer B．solution C．decision D．response
（20）A．take over B．take to C．take away D．take up
七、语法填空
28．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Have
you ever tasted or perhaps heard of sugar painting As fewer people choose to make
sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a
(distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong,
is devoted to (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.
Li
worked as a miner for more than ten years. After the mine closed down, Li turned
housing decoration until he (force) to give that up due to a finger
injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had
interest in.
Since
there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by (he)
through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting
when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He
soon mastered the skill and could make (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar
painting is made with (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman (basic)
paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup (糖浆). When the sugar cools
down, appears is a piece of sugar art.
八、书面表达
29．假设你是某学校的学生会主席。最近，你发现有些学生经常以零食代替正餐。请你代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear students,
……
Students'
Union
30．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The
big Town Hall clock was striking midnight when Frank began to cross the bridge.
The dark night air was cold and wet, and the street lamps gave little light. Frank
was anxious to get home and his footsteps rang loudly on the silent night.
When
he reached the middle of the bridge, he thought he could hear someone coming near
behind him. He looked back but could see no one. However, the sound continued, and
Frank began walking more quickly. Then he slowed down again, thinking there was
nothing to fear in a town as quiet as this. The short, quick steps grew louder until
they seemed very near.
Frank
found it impossible not to turn round. As he did so, he caught sight of a human
from coming toward him. After reaching the other side of the bridge, Frank stopped
and pretended to look down at the water. From the corner of his eyes he could now
make out the form of a man dressed in a large overcoat. A hat was pulled down over
his eyes and very little of his face could be seen.
As
the man came near, Frank turned towards him and said something about the weather
in an effort to be friendly. The man did not answer but asked roughly where Oakfield
House was. Frank pointed to a big house in the distance and the stranger continued
his way.
Then
Frank wondered why the stranger had wanted to find Oakfield House at such an hour.
He knew that the person who lived there was very rich. Almost without realizing
what he was doing, Frank began following the stranger quietly.
The
man was soon outside the house and Frank saw him look up at the windows. A light
was still on and the man waited until it went out. When about half an hour had passed,
Frank saw him climb noiselessly over the wall and heard him drop onto the ground
at the other side.
Paragraph 1:
Now
Frank knew what the man wanted to do. ……
Paragraph 2:
Frank
couldn't just stand in the dark and wait.……
答案解析部分
1．【答案】pudding
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她做了一个大布丁，还点了一只火鸡作为圣诞节礼物。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填pudding。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
2．【答案】symbol
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在一些国家，月亮是财富和幸运的象征。 不定冠词后接单数名词，故填symbol。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
3．【答案】yoghurt/yogurt
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不吃牛奶，奶酪和酸奶，其他钙的来源是重要的 。此空与milk，cheese并列，一起作宾语，不可数名词，故填yoghurt/yogurt。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
4．【答案】recommend
【知识点】固定短语；非谓语动词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我刚刚在那里度过假,很想把它推荐给每一个人。would like to do固定短语，“想要做.....”，故填recommend。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语would like to do。
5．【答案】wedding
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我确实希望你能来参加我的婚礼。形容词性物主代词后接名词，故填wedding。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
6．【答案】custom
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：点燃奥运圣火的习俗可以追溯到几个世纪前。 此处名词作主语，根据谓语动词goes，可知用单数名词，故填custom。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
7．【答案】gather
【知识点】固定短语；非谓语动词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：晚上，我们常常聚在壁炉旁聊天。 used to do固定短语，“过去常常做.....”，故填gather。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语used to do。
8．【答案】typical
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：老师让我们每个人对一个典型的历史问题写一个非常简短的描述。形容词修饰名词作定语，故填typical。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
9．【答案】function
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：根据这项研究，大脑起着非常重要的作用 :它控制着身体的神经系统。 不定冠词 a 后接单数名词，and表并列，前后单词用法一致，故填function。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
10．【答案】within
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：老板要求我们在一个月内完成项目的剩余部分。 within a month“在一个月”，此处介词短语作状语，故填within。
【点评】考查介词，本题涉及介词短语作时间状语。
11．【答案】official
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道这个国家的官方语言是西班牙语吗？ 此处形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填official。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
12．【答案】addicted
【知识点】固定短语；形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：我四年来沉迷于电子游戏。be addicted to固定短语，“上瘾，沉迷于”，故填addicted。
【点评】考查形容词，以及固定短语be addicted to。
13．【答案】identified
【知识点】动词现在分词；非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在发现问题之后，问题就出现了，如何克服它。 此处现在分词的完成式作状语，故填identified。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的完成式作时间状语。
14．【答案】horribly
【知识点】副词
【解析】【分析】句意：我想我一定是做错了什么事，但是我不知道是什么错。此处副词修饰形容词，作状语，故填horribly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰形容词。
15．【答案】attacker
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：似乎有些用户的密码被攻击者窃取了 。不定冠词an后接单数名词，故填attacker。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
16．【答案】suffering
【知识点】动名词；非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：有些人对别人的痛苦漠不关心。 此处名词作介词宾语，故填suffering。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
17．【答案】convenience
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在这个度假胜地，您可以享受现代旅游的所有舒适和便利 。此处与comfort并列，一起作宾语，故填convenience。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
18．【答案】originally
【知识点】副词
【解析】【分析】句意：会议原计划在三月份开幕。 此处副词修饰谓语动词，作状语，故填originally。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
19．【答案】satisfying
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：他给我看了一些作品，但都不令人满意 。此处形容词作表语，指物，故填satisfying。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
20．【答案】marriage
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在一个好的婚姻中，夫妻双方都努力工作来解决任何问题， 不定冠词后接单数名词，故填marriage。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
21．【答案】（1）belong to
（2）ended up
（3）catch up
（4）in case
（5）picked up
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】 in case 以防万一， belong to 属于， pick up 发现， catch up 和……团聚， end up 最终
（1）考查时态。句意：这些乐器属于学校。belong to固定短语，“属于”， 陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故填belong to。
（2）考查时态。句意：他们每次去跳舞最后都心情不好。end up固定短语，“结束”。根据时间状语从句 every time they went dancing 的时态，可知用一般过去时，故填ended up。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：我们好几年都没有见面了,你我一定得找时间聚聚。 catch up with固定短语，“和.....团聚"，情态动词后接动词原形，故填catch up 。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防有一天把你锁在外边。in case固定短语，”以免，以防“，引导目的状语从句，故填in case。
（5）考查时态。句意：我妹妹在一个乡村图书拍卖会上发现了她最喜欢的书的第一版 。pick up固定短语，“发现”，结合句意，可知用一般过去时，故填picked up。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
22．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，遇到难题解决不了怎么办？科学家告诉我们，不妨先睡一觉再说。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段“A team of researchers at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and re-organizing memory. This can help you solve problems.”美国西北大学的一组研究人员发现，睡觉对于强化记忆和重组记忆都很有用。这能帮你解决问题。可知选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The devices played music linked with the unsolved puzzles while the students were in the slow-wave sleep stage. This stage is when people are likely to dream and re-organize their memories.”当学生们处于慢波睡眠阶段时，这些设备播放的音乐，与未解之谜有关。这个阶段人们可能会做梦，重新组织他们的记忆。可知选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Earlier studies of both people and animals have shown that sleep cannot only strengthen memory, but also help us organize information in our brains.This study seems to support that understanding. ”对人和动物的早期研究证明了睡眠不仅可以加强记忆，同时也帮助我们组织大脑中的信息。这项研究似乎支持这种理解。可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
23．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国人喝茶的方式，对于英国人来说，茶是一年四季受欢迎的饮料。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Taking sugar in your tea is thought by many to be a sign of a lower-class person”在茶里加糖被很多人认为是下层阶级的标志，可推知，故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第五段“She observes that the strongest cups of black tea are usually drunk by the working class. The tea gets weaker as one goes up the social ladder.”她注意到最烈的红茶通常是工人阶级喝的。随着社会地位的上升，茶叶会变得越来越淡。可知一个英国人怎样喝茶是反映他或她的社会地位的。故选A。
（3）考查句义猜测。根据第六段“Taking sugar in your tea is thought by many to be a sign of a lower-class person: even one makes people suspicious (可疑的); more than one and you are lower-middle at best; more than two and you are definitely working class”许多人认为，在茶里加糖被很多人认为是下层阶级的标志；甚至一个人也会让人怀疑；一个以上的人充其量只能说是中下阶层；两个以上的人绝对是一个中下阶层，工人阶级。可知英国人如何喝茶，反映了社会地位，故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了英国人喝茶的方式，对于英国人来说，茶是一年四季受欢迎的饮料。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，近年来，外国游客不断增多，很多饭店都有西餐服务，同时越来越多的中国人也有了吃西餐的爱好。作者介绍了吃西餐的相关礼仪。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In recent years, the number of foreign guests increased rapidly. More and more hotels have western-style food services.”近年来，外国游客不断增多，很多饭店都有西餐服务，可知选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Generally speaking, clean your lips with napkins before talking or drinking.”通常说话前或喝酒前都要用餐巾擦一下嘴。 故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“That is — drink soup first and then eat the dishes.”也就是说——先喝汤后吃菜。故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的if you leave the table without finishing the dinner, you should put the knife and fork crossed beside the plate, let the edge of the knife faces inside可知刀叉交叉放在餐盘旁边时，代表还没有吃完，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
25．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人脸识别技术不仅仅是一项新技术，它也将改变世界。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, trust and cheat. They also spend plenty of time trying to dissimulate.”人们在清醒时花费大量时光研读一张张面孔——在办公室，在法庭，在酒吧，在卧室，寻找着兴趣、敌意、信任和欺骗的迹象。他们也花大把的时间试图掩饰自己的神色。可知选A。
（2）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Compared with human skills, such applications might expand steadily in scale. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them.”与人类的技能相比，这样的应用看似只是锦上添花。飞行或互联网这样的重大突破明显改变了人类的能力，而人脸识别似乎只是对面孔进行编码。可推知then 指代human abilities，故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about major changes to our understanding of privacy, fairness and trust.”但是，低成本、快速、大量地记录、存储和分析人脸图像的能力终有一天会使隐私、公平和信任等观念发生根本性的改变。最后一段介绍了隐私观念的改变，因此接下来将要介绍公平和信任等观念发生的改变，故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了人脸识别技术，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
26．【答案】F；B；D；G；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些生存和发展的建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Maybe you'll become an auto mechanic”也许你会成为一名汽车修理工，可推知，设空处应指“你花时间研究汽车”，F选项中的studying models of cars（研究汽车模型）与之对应。故选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据设空处前后句意可知，此处在讲你可能会遇到的挫折和失败。B. Face rejection from a first-choice college “面临顶级大学的拒绝”符合语境。故选B。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Cecelia, a shy twelve-year-old, became livelier when she won the lead in a school play.”12岁的害羞女孩Cecelia在学校演出中获得了领先，她变得活泼了；以及空后对Cecelia的变化描述可知，体会成功能改变一个人。D. Try to experience success in any area of your life.“在你生活中的任何领域中体验成功”适合作本段主旨。故选D。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Most importantly, no matter what happens, Cecilia can return to that feeling of success whenever she gets discouraged.”最重要的是，只要有挫败感，Cecilia 就能重新找回成功的感觉。不管发生什么。可知G. And she made new friends with the "good kids" who were also achievers.“她和那些”好孩子”交了新朋友，他们也是成功人士。”承接下文，符合语境，故选G。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Getting into a top university—or any university – will not guarantee success”进入一所一流大学或任何大学都不能保证成功；以及“I've met high school drop-outs who became very successful.”我遇到过非常成功的高中辍学生，可知，此处E. I've met high school drop-outs who became very successful.“我也遇到的一些不成功的大学生”。符合语境，故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
27．【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）A；（6）D；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）C；（14）B；（15）A；（16）C；（17）A；（18）B；（19）D；（20）C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在拉丁语课堂上，因为认为老师教学方法枯燥而当场提出意见。尽管老师很伤自尊，但是在随后的教学中努力地改变自己的教学方式。多年以后，作者反思自己的做法，对不尊重的老师行为感到后悔。同时也从老师身上学到了一个道理：不管如何受到伤害，都不要放弃自己的尊严。
（1）考查形容词。句意：上这门课让我很兴奋，我很期待一旦我学会了拉丁语，我就能理解我遇到的每一个单词。A：curious“好奇的”；B：worried担心的”；C：excited“激动的”；D：careful “仔细的”。根据下文“I was fully expecting”可推知，作者对上这门课持有一种积极态度，对此是感到兴奋的，故选C。
（2）考查动词。句意：上这门课让我很兴奋，我很期待一旦我学会了拉丁语，我就能理解我遇到的每一个单词。A：understand“明白”；B：describe“描述”；C：notice“注意到”；D：connect “联系”根据常识可推知，作者因为特别期待这门拉丁语课程，所以希望自己能理解遇到的每个单词。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：但是拉丁语课很无聊。A：difficult“困难的”；B：boring“无聊的”；C：different“困难的”；D：enjoyable “高兴的”。根据下文“why I thought that his class was dull”可知，拉丁课是无趣的，故选B。
（4）考查名词。句意：每天，老师Keady先生都会要求我们打开书本，大声背诵各种拉丁单词。A：eyes“眼睛”；B：mouths“嘴”；C：schoolbags“书包”；D：books“书籍”。根据下文“when we were asked yet again to open our books.”可知，老师是让学生们打开书，大声背诵拉丁词汇，故选D。
（5）考查名词。句意：他每天都这么教我们的方式。A：way“方法，方式”；B：business“生意”；C：game“游戏”；D：project“项目”。根据上文可知，每天老师都要求打开书背拉丁词汇，这成了一种惯例，故选A。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：直到有一天下午，我们又一次被要求打开书本，我的手突然举起来。A：spread out“展开”；B：reached out“伸出”；C：set up“建立”；D：put up “举手”。根据下文老师问作者what's wrong 可推断出，老师因为看见作者举手了，才对他进行了询问，one's hand shoots up“(手)举起”。故选D。
（7）考查动词。句意：当Keady先生问我怎么了，我解释了为什么我认为他的课很枯燥，为什么我期望的更多，为什么他的教学方法是老式的。A：admitted“承认”；B：explained“解释”；C：doubted“怀疑”；D：wondered “想知道”。作者向老师解释了为什么认为他的课无聊。故选B。
（8）考查形容词。句意：当Keady先生问我怎么了，我解释了为什么我认为他的课很枯燥，为什么我期望的更多，为什么他的教学方法是老式的。A：funny“有趣的”；B：regular“定期的”；C：old-fashioned“老式的”；D：unfamiliar “不熟悉的”。根据上文呢“why I thought that his class was dull”以及结合上文可知，此处作者对老师的教学方式是不满的，认为这种教学方式是过时的，故选C。
（9）考查动词。句意：当我讲完时，我预料Keady先生会生气地把我送到班主任那里去。A：expected“预料”；B：reminded“提醒”；C：allowed“允许”；D：advised “建议”。根据下句的转折可知，此处意思为作者预料老师会做出怎样的反应。故选A。
（10）考查名词。句意：沉默了几分钟后，Keady先生开口了。A：practice“实践”；B：silence“沉默”；C：debate“辩论”；D：criticism “批评”。根据上文“he sat at his desk quietly”可知，此处表示一段时间的沉默。故选B。
（11）考查动词。句意：他平静而坚定地说他会仔细考虑我说的话。A：advise“建议”；B：talk“交谈”；C：think“考虑”；D：learn “学会”。由此句中老师平静但坚定的语气以及下文老师讲课方面的改变可知此处应表示：老师说他会认真考虑作者说的内容。故选C。
（12）考查动词。句意：在接下来的几周里，拉丁语课并没有像我希望的那样成为令人兴奋的学习环境，但Keady先生确实更加努力了。A：suggested“建议”；B：promised“承诺”；C：decided“决定”；D：hoped “希望”。根据语境可知，作者希望、期望老师的教学方式能够改变，故选D。
（13）考查动词。句意：他带来了一些新的作业单，并试图让我们的学生更多地参与他的课程。A：tried“尝试，努力”；B：happened“发生”；C：managed“管理”；D：failed “失败”。根据上文“brought in some new worksheets”有承接关系，此处表示老师努力促进同学们积极参与课堂活动，故选A。
（14）考查动词。句意：也许有些人会称赞我的所作所为，但即使这么多年过去了，我还是感觉很糟糕。A：blame“责备”；B：praise“表扬”；C：recall“回想起”；D：ignore “忽视”。由下句的转折可推知此处表示：或许有些人会为我做的事情喝彩。故选B。
（15）考查动词。句意：如果我现在看到他，我会告诉他我是多么后悔我那天在课堂上的所作所为，我是多么的失礼。A：regretted“后悔”；B：loved“热爱”；C：believed“相信”；D：feared “害怕”。根据上文“I feel bad about what I did it.”可知，作者对此是感到后悔的，故选A。
（16）考查名词。句意：同时，我也会告诉他那天他给我上了精彩的一课。A：experience“经历”；B：surprise“惊讶”；C：lesson“课程”；D：opportunity“机会”。根据下文作者对尊严的感悟可知，老师给作者上了精彩的一课，教给作者一个人生的道理，故选C。
（17）考查形容词。句意：听了我不友好的话，他告诉我受伤并不意味着你必须放弃你的尊严。A：unkind“不友善的”；B：impatient“不耐烦的”；C：curious“好奇的”；D：proud“自豪的”。根据上文可知，作者当着全班学生的面，指责他讲的课无聊，对他的教学方式表示不满意，所以对老师来说，这是“不友好的”话语，故选A。
（18）考查动词。句意：听了我不友好的话，他告诉我受伤并不意味着你必须放弃你的尊严。A：stopped“停止”；B：wounded“受伤”；C：celebrated“庆祝”；D：taught “教”。根据上文老师的态度以及下文“no matter how hurt you feel”可知，老师被作者伤害了，但并不意味着老师放弃了尊严。故选B。
（19）考查名词。句意：事实上，Keady先生的回应证明，无论你感觉多么痛苦，没有人——没有人——可以夺走你的尊严。A：answer“答案”；B：solution“解决方案”；C：decision“决定”；D：response“回答”。根据上文“Following my unkind words, he showed me that”可知，此处是指老师对作者无礼言语的回应，故选D。
（20）考查动词短语。句意：事实上，Keady先生回应证明，无论你感觉多么痛苦，没有人——没有人——可以夺走你的尊严。A：take over“接管”；B：take to“喜欢”；C：take away“夺去，拿走”；D：take up“占据”。根据上文“being 18 doesn't mean you have to give away your dignity”可知没有人可以夺走你的尊严。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，是一篇故事类阅读，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
28．【答案】distant；keeping；to；was forced；an；himself；varieties；melted；basically；what
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍传统的中国民间工艺——糖画以及它的传人李健忠。
（1）考查形容词。句意：由于选择做糖画的人越来越少，中国传统民间工艺在某些方面可能已经成为一种距离记忆。后文memory为名词，形容词修饰名词，故填distant。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：然而， 一位38岁的工匠，李江忠，致力于保持糖画艺术的活力。be committed to固定短语，“致力于”to是介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故填keeping。
（3）考查介词。句意： 矿井关闭后，李转向房屋装修。turn to固定短语，“转向；致力于”后跟介词to，故填to。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：由于伤了一个手指，他被迫放弃房子装修。根据上文turned可知此处用一般过去时，且谓语force与主语he之间构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，填was forced。
（5）考查冠词。句意：今年早些时候，他发现了糖画，一些他真正感兴趣的东西。have an interest in固定短语，“对......感兴趣”，故填an。
（6）考查代词。句意：他通过大量的网上视频和信息自学。by oneself固定短语，“独自地；单独”可知此处用反身代词，故填himself。
（7）考查名词。句意：他很快掌握了这项技能并能制作多种多样的糖画。variety为可数名词，此处表示“多种多样”故用复数形式，填varieties。
（8）考查形容词。句意：一个糖画用融化的棕色或白色糖做成。sugar为名词，需要形容词修饰，表示“融化的糖”，故填melted。
（9）考查副词。句意：工匠根据动物和植物在石板上用糖浆作画。paint为动词，需要副词修饰，故填basically。
（10）考查主语从句。句意：当糖冷却时，所呈现的就是一幅糖的艺术了。此处是what引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故使用关系代词what，因此答案为what。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，介词，时态语态，冠词，代词，名词，副词以及主语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
29．【答案】Dear students,
Some students in our school have the habit of eating snacks instead of meals, which is harmful to their health. We'd like to call on all students to develop healthy eating habits.
As we all know, if we eat snacks frequently, the chemicals they contain will build up inside our body and harm our body. Besides, snacks don't provide enough nutrients that our body needs to function well for the whole day. Therefore, we would call on you to take meals instead of snacks.
Let's have a healthy diet from now on. Let's eat more fruit and vegetables every day to prevent diseases so that we can keep healthy.
Students' Union
【知识点】文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以某学校的学生会主席的身份，代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。 写作背景：最近，你发现有些学生经常以零食代替正餐。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Some students in our school have the habit of eating snacks instead of meals, which is harmful to their health. 运用了非限制性定语从句；As we all know, if we eat snacks frequently, the chemicals they contain will build up inside our body and harm our body. 运用了非限制性定语从句和条件状语从句；Besides, snacks don't provide enough nutrients that our body needs to function well for the whole day. 运用了限制性定语从句；Let's have a healthy diet from now on.运用了祈使句； Let's eat more fruit and vegetables every day to prevent diseases so that we can keep healthy.运用了祈使句和目的状语从句。
30．【答案】Paragraph 1:
Now Frank knew what the man wanted to do. Everyone knew that Oakfield House was filled with artwork worth millions of dollars. It was clear to Frank that the family inside was in danger. Would the man have a weapon Would I be strong enough to overpower him before he could harm the people inside Frank's heart was racing with fear. He reached for his cell phone to call the police, only to find it out of power. If only he had charged his phone before leaving the office, but it was too late to think of that now.
Paragraph 2:
Frank couldn't just stand in the dark and wait. He had to do something, even if it meant risking his own life. At his feet he silently found several good sized stones, and he threw them with as much power as he could right at the windows of the house. The noise woke up the people inside the house and a light came on upstairs. The man froze, not knowing quite what had just happened. Lights came on everywhere in the house and within a minute, the night was filled with the sounds of police sirens screaming toward the Oakfield House.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇读后续写。根据所给的两个段首句，来续写一个完整的故事。本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，午夜时分Frank走在路上，总感觉有人跟着自己，他放慢脚步，发现一个身穿大衣，帽檐遮脸的人，Frank与其交谈，试图表现出镇定的样子，而那人并不理睬，只顾着问Oakfield House怎么走。Frank好奇陌生人为什么这么晚要去Oakfield House，并且住在那里的人非常富有。想到这些，Frank决定悄悄跟随谋生人看他到底要做什么，在Oakfield House外，Frank看到陌生人等灯全熄灭后翻墙进入了Oakfield House里面……续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：现在Frank知道这个男人要干什么了。可能Frank猜出这个男子是盗贼。接下来Frank会做什么呢？第二段开头是：Frank不能站在那里干等。他又在等什么呢？很有可能Frank报了案，他认为不能干等着警察来。所以第一段续写Frank报案，第二段Frank接下来采取了什么措施，最后盗贼被擒住。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Everyone knew that Oakfield House was filled with artwork worth millions of dollars. 运用了宾语从句；It was clear to Frank that the family inside was in danger. 运用了主语从句； Would I be strong enough to overpower him before he could harm the people inside 运用了时间状语从句； He reached for his cell phone to call the police, only to find it out of power.运用了不定式作结果状语； If only he had charged his phone before leaving the office, but it was too late to think of that now.运用了虚拟语气和转折并列句； He had to do something, even if it meant risking his own life. 运用了让步状语从句；At his feet he silently found several good sized stones, and he threw them with as much power as he could right at the windows of the house.运用了比较状语从句； The noise woke up the people inside the house and a light came on upstairs. 运用了并列句；The man froze, not knowing quite what had just happened. 运用了现在分词作伴随状语和宾语从句。
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外研版（2019）高中英语必修第二册Unit 1 Food for thought同步练习
一、根据汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．She has made a large (布丁) and ordered a turkey for Christmas Day.
【答案】pudding
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她做了一个大布丁，还点了一只火鸡作为圣诞节礼物。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填pudding。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
2．In some countries, the moon is a
(象征) of wealth and luck.
【答案】symbol
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在一些国家，月亮是财富和幸运的象征。 不定冠词后接单数名词，故填symbol。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
3．If you don't take milk, cheese or
(酸奶), other sources of calcium are
important.
【答案】yoghurt/yogurt
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不吃牛奶，奶酪和酸奶，其他钙的来源是重要的 。此空与milk，cheese并列，一起作宾语，不可数名词，故填yoghurt/yogurt。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
4．I have just spent a holiday there
and would like to (推荐) it to anyone.
【答案】recommend
【知识点】固定短语；非谓语动词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我刚刚在那里度过假,很想把它推荐给每一个人。would like to do固定短语，“想要做.....”，故填recommend。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语would like to do。
5．I do hope you'll be able to come to
my (婚礼).
【答案】wedding
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我确实希望你能来参加我的婚礼。形容词性物主代词后接名词，故填wedding。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
6．The (风俗，传统) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.
【答案】custom
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：点燃奥运圣火的习俗可以追溯到几个世纪前。 此处名词作主语，根据谓语动词goes，可知用单数名词，故填custom。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
7．In the evenings, we used to
(聚集) around the fireplace and talked.
【答案】gather
【知识点】固定短语；非谓语动词；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：晚上，我们常常聚在壁炉旁聊天。 used to do固定短语，“过去常常做.....”，故填gather。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语used to do。
8．The teacher asked everyone of us to write
a very brief description of a (典型的) historical
problem.
【答案】typical
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：老师让我们每个人对一个典型的历史问题写一个非常简短的描述。形容词修饰名词作定语，故填typical。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
9．According to the research, the brain
performs a very important and vital (作用); it controls the
nervous system of the body.
【答案】function
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：根据这项研究，大脑起着非常重要的作用 :它控制着身体的神经系统。 不定冠词 a 后接单数名词，and表并列，前后单词用法一致，故填function。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
10．The boss asked us to finish the
remaining part of the project (在……之内) a month.
【答案】within
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：老板要求我们在一个月内完成项目的剩余部分。 within a month“在一个月”，此处介词短语作状语，故填within。
【点评】考查介词，本题涉及介词短语作时间状语。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11．Do you know that
the country's (office) language is Spanish
【答案】official
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道这个国家的官方语言是西班牙语吗？ 此处形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填official。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
12．I went through
about four years of being (addict) to video games.
【答案】addicted
【知识点】固定短语；形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：我四年来沉迷于电子游戏。be addicted to固定短语，“上瘾，沉迷于”，故填addicted。
【点评】考查形容词，以及固定短语be addicted to。
13．Having
(identify) the problem, the question arises of how to overcome it.
【答案】identified
【知识点】动词现在分词；非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在发现问题之后，问题就出现了，如何克服它。 此处现在分词的完成式作状语，故填identified。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的完成式作时间状语。
14．I think I must
be doing something (horrible) wrong, but I don't know what it is.
【答案】horribly
【知识点】副词
【解析】【分析】句意：我想我一定是做错了什么事，但是我不知道是什么错。此处副词修饰形容词，作状语，故填horribly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰形容词。
15．It seems that some
users' passwords are stolen by an (attack).
【答案】attacker
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：似乎有些用户的密码被攻击者窃取了 。不定冠词an后接单数名词，故填attacker。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
16．Some people have
become indifferent to the (suffer) of others.
【答案】suffering
【知识点】动名词；非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：有些人对别人的痛苦漠不关心。 此处名词作介词宾语，故填suffering。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
17．In this resort
you can enjoy all the comfort and (convenient) of modern tourism.
【答案】convenience
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在这个度假胜地，您可以享受现代旅游的所有舒适和便利 。此处与comfort并列，一起作宾语，故填convenience。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
18．The conference
was (original) planned to open in March.
【答案】originally
【知识点】副词
【解析】【分析】句意：会议原计划在三月份开幕。 此处副词修饰谓语动词，作状语，故填originally。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
19．He shows me some
works, none of which is (satisfy).
【答案】satisfying
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：他给我看了一些作品，但都不令人满意 。此处形容词作表语，指物，故填satisfying。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
20．In a good (marry), both husband
and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
【答案】marriage
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在一个好的婚姻中，夫妻双方都努力工作来解决任何问题， 不定冠词后接单数名词，故填marriage。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
三、选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式，完成句子
21．选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式，完成句子
in case belong to
pick up catch up
end up
（1）These musical instruments the school.
（2）Every time they went dancing they
in a bad mood.
（3）It's been years since we were last together!
You and I must really with each other sometime soon.
（4）Leave your key with a neighbour you lock yourself out one day.
（5）My sister a valuable first
edition of her favorite book at a village book sale.
【答案】（1）belong to
（2）ended up
（3）catch up
（4）in case
（5）picked up
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】 in case 以防万一， belong to 属于， pick up 发现， catch up 和……团聚， end up 最终
（1）考查时态。句意：这些乐器属于学校。belong to固定短语，“属于”， 陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故填belong to。
（2）考查时态。句意：他们每次去跳舞最后都心情不好。end up固定短语，“结束”。根据时间状语从句 every time they went dancing 的时态，可知用一般过去时，故填ended up。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：我们好几年都没有见面了,你我一定得找时间聚聚。 catch up with固定短语，“和.....团聚"，情态动词后接动词原形，故填catch up 。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防有一天把你锁在外边。in case固定短语，”以免，以防“，引导目的状语从句，故填in case。
（5）考查时态。句意：我妹妹在一个乡村图书拍卖会上发现了她最喜欢的书的第一版 。pick up固定短语，“发现”，结合句意，可知用一般过去时，故填picked up。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
四、阅读理解
22．阅读理解
You may think the best way to solve a tough problem is to keep working on it, even overnight. But the truth is just the opposite: Your best chance to get to the bottom of a problem is actually to sleep on it.
A team of researchers at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and re-organizing memory. This can help you solve problems.
The researchers did an experiment with 57 students. They asked them to solve 42 difficult puzzles on the first day. The students worked on each puzzle while listening to different music. The research encouraged students to remember the music they heard while solving the puzzles. By the end, there were six puzzles that the students still hadn't solved.
The students then went back home to sleep. They were given special sleep-monitoring (睡眠监测) and music devices (设备). The devices played music linked with the unsolved puzzles while the students were in the slow-wave sleep stage. This stage is when people are likely to dream and re-organize their memories.
The next morning, the students tried the unsolved puzzles again. Researchers found they were 55 percent more likely to solve them. The music activated (激活) the memories they had of the puzzles while they
were sleeping. It allowed them to
"work" on the puzzles in their sleep.
Earlier studies of both people and animals have shown that sleep cannot only strengthen memory, but also help us organize information in our brains. This study seems to support that understanding. So the next time you face a difficult problem, sleep on it. Then play some music to remind yourself of the problem.
（1）What did the research at Northwestern University find
A．Sleeping can help people solve problems.
B．Listening to music can improve memory.
C．Music can help people solve puzzles faster.
D．People can solve difficult puzzles in their dreams.
（2）What do we know about the experiment
A．Some students didn't listen to music while solving puzzles.
B．Some kept working on the puzzles when others were sleeping.
C．The students "worked" on the unsolved puzzles while sleeping.
D．Many students found it difficult to remember the music they heard.
（3）What do we learn from the last paragraph
A．This study supports earlier findings.
B．The finding is of little practical value.
C．This study should have had animals included.
D．No research has been done in this field before.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，遇到难题解决不了怎么办？科学家告诉我们，不妨先睡一觉再说。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段“A team of researchers at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and re-organizing memory. This can help you solve problems.”美国西北大学的一组研究人员发现，睡觉对于强化记忆和重组记忆都很有用。这能帮你解决问题。可知选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The devices played music linked with the unsolved puzzles while the students were in the slow-wave sleep stage. This stage is when people are likely to dream and re-organize their memories.”当学生们处于慢波睡眠阶段时，这些设备播放的音乐，与未解之谜有关。这个阶段人们可能会做梦，重新组织他们的记忆。可知选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Earlier studies of both people and animals have shown that sleep cannot only strengthen memory, but also help us organize information in our brains.This study seems to support that understanding. ”对人和动物的早期研究证明了睡眠不仅可以加强记忆，同时也帮助我们组织大脑中的信息。这项研究似乎支持这种理解。可知选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
23．阅读理解
One of the nicest things to do during the
cold winter is to curl up (蜷缩) with a hot cup of tea.
But for Britons, tea is a popular drink
all year round. Afternoon tea, high tea, builder's tea (a strong cup of tea, usually
with full-fat milk and two teaspoons of sugar), tea gowns (礼服), tea cakes, tea houses,
tea breaks ... they are all everyday names and phrases in the UK.
Tea has, in fact, become part of the British
way of life. And Britons' preferences for types of tea and how to drink it can really
say a lot about them.
British anthropologist (人类学家) Kate Fox writes in
her book Watching the English that several clear messages are sent whenever
a Briton makes a cup of tea.
She observes that the strongest cups of
black tea are usually drunk by the working class. The tea gets weaker as one goes
up the social ladder.
Sugar means something, too. "Taking
sugar in your tea is thought by many to be a sign of a lower-class person: even
one makes people suspicious (可疑的); more than one and you are lower-middle at best; more than two and
you are definitely working class," she writes.
Other rules involve how milk and sugar are
added, if any is added. For example, drinking smoky black Lapsang Souchong (正山小种) tea from China with
no sugar or milk can be a sign of class worries in the middle class.
Tea doesn't just show class, though; it
can also be a social space filler. "Whenever the English feel awkward (尴尬的) or uncomfortable in
a social situation (that is, almost all the time), they make tea," Fox wrote
in her book.
（1）According to Kate Fox, ______.
A．adding milk to your tea can be a sign of class worries
B．working-class people usually like to drink weak tea
C．adding sugar to your tea can make you suspicious
D．upper-class Britons may not put any sugar in their tea
（2）What can be concluded from the book Watching the English
A．How a Briton drinks his or her tea reflects his or her social position.
B．Britons often judge others' class by their tea.
C．Britons drink tea to show off their special tastes.
D．A Briton's way of drinking tea shows his or her individuality.
（3）By saying "Tea can also be a social space filler", the author means that drinking tea is______.
A．a way of enriching Britons' lives
B．a way of making friends
C．a tool to judge Britons by
D．a way to feel better in social situations
（4）What's the main idea of the article
A．British tea has many interesting functions.
B．There are rules to obey when drinking British tea.
C．The ways in which Britons drink their tea are very telling.
D．Tea plays an important part on social occasions in Britain.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国人喝茶的方式，对于英国人来说，茶是一年四季受欢迎的饮料。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Taking sugar in your tea is thought by many to be a sign of a lower-class person”在茶里加糖被很多人认为是下层阶级的标志，可推知，故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第五段“She observes that the strongest cups of black tea are usually drunk by the working class. The tea gets weaker as one goes up the social ladder.”她注意到最烈的红茶通常是工人阶级喝的。随着社会地位的上升，茶叶会变得越来越淡。可知一个英国人怎样喝茶是反映他或她的社会地位的。故选A。
（3）考查句义猜测。根据第六段“Taking sugar in your tea is thought by many to be a sign of a lower-class person: even one makes people suspicious (可疑的); more than one and you are lower-middle at best; more than two and you are definitely working class”许多人认为，在茶里加糖被很多人认为是下层阶级的标志；甚至一个人也会让人怀疑；一个以上的人充其量只能说是中下阶层；两个以上的人绝对是一个中下阶层，工人阶级。可知英国人如何喝茶，反映了社会地位，故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了英国人喝茶的方式，对于英国人来说，茶是一年四季受欢迎的饮料。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．阅读理解
In recent years, the number of foreign guests
increased rapidly. More and more hotels have western-style food services. At the
same time, more and more Chinese people have accustomed to the hobby of eating western-style
food.
When eating western-style food, you can
talk with others freely and lightly. But, when you talk with others, don't chew
the food in your mouth. Generally speaking, clean your lips with napkins before
talking or drinking.
When eating western-style food, you cannot
hold the plate when eating; and you cannot stab the food while eating a large piece
of food. You should cut the food into small pieces and then put them into your mouth.
When eating western-style food, the way
of eating is similar to the way of eating Cantonese food. That is — drink soup first
and then eat the dishes. When drinking the soup, hold the spoon with right hand,
and the spoon should face the outer side to ladle out the soup, and then put it
into the mouth. Don't make any sound while drinking the soup.
When eating western-style food, the bones
and thorns should not be put into the mouth when you meet the dishes which have
them. The food which already eaten into the mouth cannot be spit out. So you should
know the food you eat when eating western-style food. For the food which you are
not so sure or the food which you don't like, then you'd better not put them into
your mouth.
When eating western-style food, if you leave
the table without finishing the dinner, you should put the knife and fork crossed
beside the plate, let the edge of the knife faces inside. If you have finished your
meal, you should put the knife and fork side by side to show that the plate can
be removed.
（1）The reason why more and more western-style food is served in hotels might be that________.
A．western-style food is less expensive
B．western-style food looks fine
C．an increasing number of foreigners come to China lately
D．eating western-style food is so cool
（2）When you want to talk or drink, you'd better ________first.
A．say “excuse me” B．put up your hand
C．stand up D．wipe your lips
（3）When the soup and the dishes are served, you should________.
A．eat the dishes first and then drink the soup
B．drink the soup before eating the dishes
C．eat the dishes while drinking the soup
D．drink the soup and eat the dishes at the same time
（4）Seeing the knife and fork crossed beside the plate, the waiter________.
A．won't remove the plate
B．will remove the plate
C．will ask you if you've finished your meal
D．doesn't know what to do
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，近年来，外国游客不断增多，很多饭店都有西餐服务，同时越来越多的中国人也有了吃西餐的爱好。作者介绍了吃西餐的相关礼仪。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In recent years, the number of foreign guests increased rapidly. More and more hotels have western-style food services.”近年来，外国游客不断增多，很多饭店都有西餐服务，可知选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Generally speaking, clean your lips with napkins before talking or drinking.”通常说话前或喝酒前都要用餐巾擦一下嘴。 故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“That is — drink soup first and then eat the dishes.”也就是说——先喝汤后吃菜。故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的if you leave the table without finishing the dinner, you should put the knife and fork crossed beside the plate, let the edge of the knife faces inside可知刀叉交叉放在餐盘旁边时，代表还没有吃完，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
25．阅读理解
The human face is a remarkable piece of
work. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other
and is important to the formation of complex societies. So is the face's ability
to send emotional signals, whether through an unconscious reddening of face or a
false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom
as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, trust
and cheat. They also spend plenty of time trying to dissimulate.
Technology is rapidly catching up with the
human ability to read faces. In America, facial recognition is used by churches
to track prayers' attendance; in Britain, by shopkeepers to spot past thieves. This
year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China,
it verifies the identities of ride-hailing (网约车) drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions
and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use
it to unlock the home screen.
Compared with human skills, such applications
might expand steadily in scale. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet,
obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them.
Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology
does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability
to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale
promises one day to bring about major changes to our understanding of privacy, fairness
and trust.
Start with privacy. One big difference between
faces and other biometric (计量生物学的) data, such as fingerprints, is that they work at a distance. Anyone
with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use. FindFace,
an app in Russia, compares snaps of strangers with pictures on VKontakte, a social
network, and can identify people with a 70% accuracy rate. Even if private firms
are unable to join the dots between images and identity, the state often can. Photographs
of half of America's adult population are stored in databases that can be used by
the FBI. Law-enforcement agencies now have a powerful weapon in their ability to
track criminals, but at enormous potential cost to citizens' privacy.
（1）What does the underlined word "dissimulate" in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Hide emotions from others. B．Make known to the public.
C．Act in disregard of laws. D．Become friends with others.
（2）What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．applications B．breakthroughs
C．human abilities D．human skills
（3）What kind of changes might be discussed in the following paragraphs
A．Safety and first aid. B．Social services.
C．Finance and trade. D．Fairness and trust.
（4）What's the best title for the passage
A．Benefits resulting from facial breakthrough.
B．Facial Recognition: nowhere to hide.
C．The power of human faces.
D．Technologies concerning facial recognition.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人脸识别技术不仅仅是一项新技术，它也将改变世界。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, trust and cheat. They also spend plenty of time trying to dissimulate.”人们在清醒时花费大量时光研读一张张面孔——在办公室，在法庭，在酒吧，在卧室，寻找着兴趣、敌意、信任和欺骗的迹象。他们也花大把的时间试图掩饰自己的神色。可知选A。
（2）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Compared with human skills, such applications might expand steadily in scale. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them.”与人类的技能相比，这样的应用看似只是锦上添花。飞行或互联网这样的重大突破明显改变了人类的能力，而人脸识别似乎只是对面孔进行编码。可推知then 指代human abilities，故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about major changes to our understanding of privacy, fairness and trust.”但是，低成本、快速、大量地记录、存储和分析人脸图像的能力终有一天会使隐私、公平和信任等观念发生根本性的改变。最后一段介绍了隐私观念的改变，因此接下来将要介绍公平和信任等观念发生的改变，故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了人脸识别技术，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
五、任务型阅读
26．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Survive and Thrive
Here are some tips to help you learn not only to survive, but
to thrive (成长) and grow in a chaotic world.
Try to build on strengths rather than focus on limitations. Maybe you'll become an auto mechanic (技工), or maybe you'll make
good use of your ability to classify detailed information to build a career as a
biologist or druggist.
Realize that few mistakes are disastrous. Did you fail a course
Most of us can't avoid an occasional
failure, but we can learn bounce-back attitudes through failures.
Cecilia,
a shy twelve-year-old, became livelier when she won the lead in a school play. “We
want you to improve your grades, but not spend time on plays!” said her worried
mother. To everyone's surprise, Cecilia's grades improved. Most importantly, no matter what happens,
Cecilia can return to that feeling of success whenever she gets discouraged.
Getting into a top university — or any university — will not
guarantee success. I've met people from top universities who have experienced unemployment
and even homelessness. Career-changers
who face the future with an attitude of “I can handle anything” are the ones who
win today. While in difficulties, they keep up their spirits till they figure out
what to do next.
A. Have no idea about your future plan
B. Face rejection from a first-choice college
C. Life is hard at the moment, but we're
surviving.
D. Try to experience success in any area
of your life.
E. I've met high school drop-outs who became
very successful.
F. Do you spend hours studying models of
cars for the last twenty years
G. And she made new friends with the "good
kids" who were also achievers.
【答案】F；B；D；G；E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些生存和发展的建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Maybe you'll become an auto mechanic”也许你会成为一名汽车修理工，可推知，设空处应指“你花时间研究汽车”，F选项中的studying models of cars（研究汽车模型）与之对应。故选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据设空处前后句意可知，此处在讲你可能会遇到的挫折和失败。B. Face rejection from a first-choice college “面临顶级大学的拒绝”符合语境。故选B。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Cecelia, a shy twelve-year-old, became livelier when she won the lead in a school play.”12岁的害羞女孩Cecelia在学校演出中获得了领先，她变得活泼了；以及空后对Cecelia的变化描述可知，体会成功能改变一个人。D. Try to experience success in any area of your life.“在你生活中的任何领域中体验成功”适合作本段主旨。故选D。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Most importantly, no matter what happens, Cecilia can return to that feeling of success whenever she gets discouraged.”最重要的是，只要有挫败感，Cecilia 就能重新找回成功的感觉。不管发生什么。可知G. And she made new friends with the "good kids" who were also achievers.“她和那些”好孩子”交了新朋友，他们也是成功人士。”承接下文，符合语境，故选G。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Getting into a top university—or any university – will not guarantee success”进入一所一流大学或任何大学都不能保证成功；以及“I've met high school drop-outs who became very successful.”我遇到过非常成功的高中辍学生，可知，此处E. I've met high school drop-outs who became very successful.“我也遇到的一些不成功的大学生”。符合语境，故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、完形填空
27．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I became a junior, I decided to take Latin at school. I
was so （1） about
taking that class, and I was fully expecting to be able to （2） every word I'd ever come across once I learned
Latin.
But Latin class was so （3） . Each
day, the teacher, Mr Ready, would ask us to open our （4） and
recite aloud the various Latin forms of words. This was the （5） he taught
us every day. It was until I （6） my hand one afternoon when we were asked yet
again to open our books.
When Mr Keady asked what was wrong, I （7） why I thought that his class was dull, how
I had expected more, and that his method of teaching was （8） . When
I finished speaking, I （9） Mr
Keady to angrily send me to the head teacher.
But instead, he sat at his desk quietly, looking defeated（受挫的）and tired. After several
moments of （10） , Mr Keady spoke. He quietly and firmly said
that he would （11） carefully
about what I'd said. And that was it.
In the following weeks, Latin class didn't become the exciting
learning environment I （12） it
would, but Mr Keady did try harder. He brought in some new worksheets and （13） to involve
us students more in his classes.
Maybe some people would （14） what
I did, but even so many years later, I feel bad about it.
If I saw him now, I'd tell him how I （15） what
I'd done that day in class, and that I was disrespectful. And at the same time,
I'd also tell him that he taught me a wonderful （16） that day. Following my （17） words,
he showed me that being （18） doesn't mean you have to give away your dignity
(尊严).
Indeed, Mr Keady's （19） proved that no matter how hurt you feel, no
one — no one — can （20） your
dignity.
（1）A．curious B．worried C．excited D．careful
（2）A．understand B．describe C．notice D．connect
（3）A．difficult B．boring C．different D．enjoyable
（4）A．eyes B．mouths C．schoolbags D．books
（5）A．way B．business C．game D．project
（6）A．spread out B．reached out C．set up D．put up
（7）A．admitted B．explained C．doubted D．wondered
（8）A．funny B．regular C．old-fashioned D．unfamiliar
（9）A．expected B．reminded C．allowed D．advised
（10）A．practice B．silence C．debate D．criticism
（11）A．advise B．talk C．think D．learn
（12）A．suggested B．promised C．decided D．hoped
（13）A．tried B．happened C．managed D．failed
（14）A．blame B．praise C．recall D．ignore
（15）A．regretted B．loved C．believed D．feared
（16）A．experience B．surprise C．lesson D．opportunity
（17）A．unkind B．impatient C．curious D．proud
（18）A．stopped B．wounded C．celebrated D．taught
（19）A．answer B．solution C．decision D．response
（20）A．take over B．take to C．take away D．take up
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）A；（6）D；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）C；（14）B；（15）A；（16）C；（17）A；（18）B；（19）D；（20）C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在拉丁语课堂上，因为认为老师教学方法枯燥而当场提出意见。尽管老师很伤自尊，但是在随后的教学中努力地改变自己的教学方式。多年以后，作者反思自己的做法，对不尊重的老师行为感到后悔。同时也从老师身上学到了一个道理：不管如何受到伤害，都不要放弃自己的尊严。
（1）考查形容词。句意：上这门课让我很兴奋，我很期待一旦我学会了拉丁语，我就能理解我遇到的每一个单词。A：curious“好奇的”；B：worried担心的”；C：excited“激动的”；D：careful “仔细的”。根据下文“I was fully expecting”可推知，作者对上这门课持有一种积极态度，对此是感到兴奋的，故选C。
（2）考查动词。句意：上这门课让我很兴奋，我很期待一旦我学会了拉丁语，我就能理解我遇到的每一个单词。A：understand“明白”；B：describe“描述”；C：notice“注意到”；D：connect “联系”根据常识可推知，作者因为特别期待这门拉丁语课程，所以希望自己能理解遇到的每个单词。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：但是拉丁语课很无聊。A：difficult“困难的”；B：boring“无聊的”；C：different“困难的”；D：enjoyable “高兴的”。根据下文“why I thought that his class was dull”可知，拉丁课是无趣的，故选B。
（4）考查名词。句意：每天，老师Keady先生都会要求我们打开书本，大声背诵各种拉丁单词。A：eyes“眼睛”；B：mouths“嘴”；C：schoolbags“书包”；D：books“书籍”。根据下文“when we were asked yet again to open our books.”可知，老师是让学生们打开书，大声背诵拉丁词汇，故选D。
（5）考查名词。句意：他每天都这么教我们的方式。A：way“方法，方式”；B：business“生意”；C：game“游戏”；D：project“项目”。根据上文可知，每天老师都要求打开书背拉丁词汇，这成了一种惯例，故选A。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：直到有一天下午，我们又一次被要求打开书本，我的手突然举起来。A：spread out“展开”；B：reached out“伸出”；C：set up“建立”；D：put up “举手”。根据下文老师问作者what's wrong 可推断出，老师因为看见作者举手了，才对他进行了询问，one's hand shoots up“(手)举起”。故选D。
（7）考查动词。句意：当Keady先生问我怎么了，我解释了为什么我认为他的课很枯燥，为什么我期望的更多，为什么他的教学方法是老式的。A：admitted“承认”；B：explained“解释”；C：doubted“怀疑”；D：wondered “想知道”。作者向老师解释了为什么认为他的课无聊。故选B。
（8）考查形容词。句意：当Keady先生问我怎么了，我解释了为什么我认为他的课很枯燥，为什么我期望的更多，为什么他的教学方法是老式的。A：funny“有趣的”；B：regular“定期的”；C：old-fashioned“老式的”；D：unfamiliar “不熟悉的”。根据上文呢“why I thought that his class was dull”以及结合上文可知，此处作者对老师的教学方式是不满的，认为这种教学方式是过时的，故选C。
（9）考查动词。句意：当我讲完时，我预料Keady先生会生气地把我送到班主任那里去。A：expected“预料”；B：reminded“提醒”；C：allowed“允许”；D：advised “建议”。根据下句的转折可知，此处意思为作者预料老师会做出怎样的反应。故选A。
（10）考查名词。句意：沉默了几分钟后，Keady先生开口了。A：practice“实践”；B：silence“沉默”；C：debate“辩论”；D：criticism “批评”。根据上文“he sat at his desk quietly”可知，此处表示一段时间的沉默。故选B。
（11）考查动词。句意：他平静而坚定地说他会仔细考虑我说的话。A：advise“建议”；B：talk“交谈”；C：think“考虑”；D：learn “学会”。由此句中老师平静但坚定的语气以及下文老师讲课方面的改变可知此处应表示：老师说他会认真考虑作者说的内容。故选C。
（12）考查动词。句意：在接下来的几周里，拉丁语课并没有像我希望的那样成为令人兴奋的学习环境，但Keady先生确实更加努力了。A：suggested“建议”；B：promised“承诺”；C：decided“决定”；D：hoped “希望”。根据语境可知，作者希望、期望老师的教学方式能够改变，故选D。
（13）考查动词。句意：他带来了一些新的作业单，并试图让我们的学生更多地参与他的课程。A：tried“尝试，努力”；B：happened“发生”；C：managed“管理”；D：failed “失败”。根据上文“brought in some new worksheets”有承接关系，此处表示老师努力促进同学们积极参与课堂活动，故选A。
（14）考查动词。句意：也许有些人会称赞我的所作所为，但即使这么多年过去了，我还是感觉很糟糕。A：blame“责备”；B：praise“表扬”；C：recall“回想起”；D：ignore “忽视”。由下句的转折可推知此处表示：或许有些人会为我做的事情喝彩。故选B。
（15）考查动词。句意：如果我现在看到他，我会告诉他我是多么后悔我那天在课堂上的所作所为，我是多么的失礼。A：regretted“后悔”；B：loved“热爱”；C：believed“相信”；D：feared “害怕”。根据上文“I feel bad about what I did it.”可知，作者对此是感到后悔的，故选A。
（16）考查名词。句意：同时，我也会告诉他那天他给我上了精彩的一课。A：experience“经历”；B：surprise“惊讶”；C：lesson“课程”；D：opportunity“机会”。根据下文作者对尊严的感悟可知，老师给作者上了精彩的一课，教给作者一个人生的道理，故选C。
（17）考查形容词。句意：听了我不友好的话，他告诉我受伤并不意味着你必须放弃你的尊严。A：unkind“不友善的”；B：impatient“不耐烦的”；C：curious“好奇的”；D：proud“自豪的”。根据上文可知，作者当着全班学生的面，指责他讲的课无聊，对他的教学方式表示不满意，所以对老师来说，这是“不友好的”话语，故选A。
（18）考查动词。句意：听了我不友好的话，他告诉我受伤并不意味着你必须放弃你的尊严。A：stopped“停止”；B：wounded“受伤”；C：celebrated“庆祝”；D：taught “教”。根据上文老师的态度以及下文“no matter how hurt you feel”可知，老师被作者伤害了，但并不意味着老师放弃了尊严。故选B。
（19）考查名词。句意：事实上，Keady先生的回应证明，无论你感觉多么痛苦，没有人——没有人——可以夺走你的尊严。A：answer“答案”；B：solution“解决方案”；C：decision“决定”；D：response“回答”。根据上文“Following my unkind words, he showed me that”可知，此处是指老师对作者无礼言语的回应，故选D。
（20）考查动词短语。句意：事实上，Keady先生回应证明，无论你感觉多么痛苦，没有人——没有人——可以夺走你的尊严。A：take over“接管”；B：take to“喜欢”；C：take away“夺去，拿走”；D：take up“占据”。根据上文“being 18 doesn't mean you have to give away your dignity”可知没有人可以夺走你的尊严。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，是一篇故事类阅读，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
七、语法填空
28．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Have
you ever tasted or perhaps heard of sugar painting As fewer people choose to make
sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a
(distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong,
is devoted to (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.
Li
worked as a miner for more than ten years. After the mine closed down, Li turned
housing decoration until he (force) to give that up due to a finger
injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had
interest in.
Since
there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by (he)
through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting
when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He
soon mastered the skill and could make (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar
painting is made with (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman (basic)
paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup (糖浆). When the sugar cools
down, appears is a piece of sugar art.
【答案】distant；keeping；to；was forced；an；himself；varieties；melted；basically；what
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍传统的中国民间工艺——糖画以及它的传人李健忠。
（1）考查形容词。句意：由于选择做糖画的人越来越少，中国传统民间工艺在某些方面可能已经成为一种距离记忆。后文memory为名词，形容词修饰名词，故填distant。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：然而， 一位38岁的工匠，李江忠，致力于保持糖画艺术的活力。be committed to固定短语，“致力于”to是介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故填keeping。
（3）考查介词。句意： 矿井关闭后，李转向房屋装修。turn to固定短语，“转向；致力于”后跟介词to，故填to。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：由于伤了一个手指，他被迫放弃房子装修。根据上文turned可知此处用一般过去时，且谓语force与主语he之间构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，填was forced。
（5）考查冠词。句意：今年早些时候，他发现了糖画，一些他真正感兴趣的东西。have an interest in固定短语，“对......感兴趣”，故填an。
（6）考查代词。句意：他通过大量的网上视频和信息自学。by oneself固定短语，“独自地；单独”可知此处用反身代词，故填himself。
（7）考查名词。句意：他很快掌握了这项技能并能制作多种多样的糖画。variety为可数名词，此处表示“多种多样”故用复数形式，填varieties。
（8）考查形容词。句意：一个糖画用融化的棕色或白色糖做成。sugar为名词，需要形容词修饰，表示“融化的糖”，故填melted。
（9）考查副词。句意：工匠根据动物和植物在石板上用糖浆作画。paint为动词，需要副词修饰，故填basically。
（10）考查主语从句。句意：当糖冷却时，所呈现的就是一幅糖的艺术了。此处是what引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故使用关系代词what，因此答案为what。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，介词，时态语态，冠词，代词，名词，副词以及主语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
八、书面表达
29．假设你是某学校的学生会主席。最近，你发现有些学生经常以零食代替正餐。请你代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear students,
……
Students'
Union
【答案】Dear students,
Some students in our school have the habit of eating snacks instead of meals, which is harmful to their health. We'd like to call on all students to develop healthy eating habits.
As we all know, if we eat snacks frequently, the chemicals they contain will build up inside our body and harm our body. Besides, snacks don't provide enough nutrients that our body needs to function well for the whole day. Therefore, we would call on you to take meals instead of snacks.
Let's have a healthy diet from now on. Let's eat more fruit and vegetables every day to prevent diseases so that we can keep healthy.
Students' Union
【知识点】文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以某学校的学生会主席的身份，代表学生会用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。 写作背景：最近，你发现有些学生经常以零食代替正餐。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Some students in our school have the habit of eating snacks instead of meals, which is harmful to their health. 运用了非限制性定语从句；As we all know, if we eat snacks frequently, the chemicals they contain will build up inside our body and harm our body. 运用了非限制性定语从句和条件状语从句；Besides, snacks don't provide enough nutrients that our body needs to function well for the whole day. 运用了限制性定语从句；Let's have a healthy diet from now on.运用了祈使句； Let's eat more fruit and vegetables every day to prevent diseases so that we can keep healthy.运用了祈使句和目的状语从句。
30．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The
big Town Hall clock was striking midnight when Frank began to cross the bridge.
The dark night air was cold and wet, and the street lamps gave little light. Frank
was anxious to get home and his footsteps rang loudly on the silent night.
When
he reached the middle of the bridge, he thought he could hear someone coming near
behind him. He looked back but could see no one. However, the sound continued, and
Frank began walking more quickly. Then he slowed down again, thinking there was
nothing to fear in a town as quiet as this. The short, quick steps grew louder until
they seemed very near.
Frank
found it impossible not to turn round. As he did so, he caught sight of a human
from coming toward him. After reaching the other side of the bridge, Frank stopped
and pretended to look down at the water. From the corner of his eyes he could now
make out the form of a man dressed in a large overcoat. A hat was pulled down over
his eyes and very little of his face could be seen.
As
the man came near, Frank turned towards him and said something about the weather
in an effort to be friendly. The man did not answer but asked roughly where Oakfield
House was. Frank pointed to a big house in the distance and the stranger continued
his way.
Then
Frank wondered why the stranger had wanted to find Oakfield House at such an hour.
He knew that the person who lived there was very rich. Almost without realizing
what he was doing, Frank began following the stranger quietly.
The
man was soon outside the house and Frank saw him look up at the windows. A light
was still on and the man waited until it went out. When about half an hour had passed,
Frank saw him climb noiselessly over the wall and heard him drop onto the ground
at the other side.
Paragraph 1:
Now
Frank knew what the man wanted to do. ……
Paragraph 2:
Frank
couldn't just stand in the dark and wait.……
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Now Frank knew what the man wanted to do. Everyone knew that Oakfield House was filled with artwork worth millions of dollars. It was clear to Frank that the family inside was in danger. Would the man have a weapon Would I be strong enough to overpower him before he could harm the people inside Frank's heart was racing with fear. He reached for his cell phone to call the police, only to find it out of power. If only he had charged his phone before leaving the office, but it was too late to think of that now.
Paragraph 2:
Frank couldn't just stand in the dark and wait. He had to do something, even if it meant risking his own life. At his feet he silently found several good sized stones, and he threw them with as much power as he could right at the windows of the house. The noise woke up the people inside the house and a light came on upstairs. The man froze, not knowing quite what had just happened. Lights came on everywhere in the house and within a minute, the night was filled with the sounds of police sirens screaming toward the Oakfield House.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇读后续写。根据所给的两个段首句，来续写一个完整的故事。本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，午夜时分Frank走在路上，总感觉有人跟着自己，他放慢脚步，发现一个身穿大衣，帽檐遮脸的人，Frank与其交谈，试图表现出镇定的样子，而那人并不理睬，只顾着问Oakfield House怎么走。Frank好奇陌生人为什么这么晚要去Oakfield House，并且住在那里的人非常富有。想到这些，Frank决定悄悄跟随谋生人看他到底要做什么，在Oakfield House外，Frank看到陌生人等灯全熄灭后翻墙进入了Oakfield House里面……续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：现在Frank知道这个男人要干什么了。可能Frank猜出这个男子是盗贼。接下来Frank会做什么呢？第二段开头是：Frank不能站在那里干等。他又在等什么呢？很有可能Frank报了案，他认为不能干等着警察来。所以第一段续写Frank报案，第二段Frank接下来采取了什么措施，最后盗贼被擒住。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Everyone knew that Oakfield House was filled with artwork worth millions of dollars. 运用了宾语从句；It was clear to Frank that the family inside was in danger. 运用了主语从句； Would I be strong enough to overpower him before he could harm the people inside 运用了时间状语从句； He reached for his cell phone to call the police, only to find it out of power.运用了不定式作结果状语； If only he had charged his phone before leaving the office, but it was too late to think of that now.运用了虚拟语气和转折并列句； He had to do something, even if it meant risking his own life. 运用了让步状语从句；At his feet he silently found several good sized stones, and he threw them with as much power as he could right at the windows of the house.运用了比较状语从句； The noise woke up the people inside the house and a light came on upstairs. 运用了并列句；The man froze, not knowing quite what had just happened. 运用了现在分词作伴随状语和宾语从句。
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