语法精讲
can,could,may的用法
这三个词都是情态动词。情态动词本身有一定的意义,但没有人称和数的变化,需要和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语部分,表示说话者的情感、态度和语气。
1.can和could表示能力。
(1)can意为“能,会”,用来表示某人现在的能力;could是can的过去式,用来表示某人过去的能力。例如:
I couldn’t understand his words last year,but now I can.去年我还不能理解他的话,但现在我能理解了。
(2)can表示能力时,与be able to同义,二者一般可互换,但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态,而be able to中的be动词的形式根据句子所用时态变化。
例如:
You will be able to pass the exam tomorrow.明天你能通过考试。
2.can,could和may表示许可。
情态动词can,could和may可以用来表示请求或许可。情态动词could表示一种委婉的语气,比can表达更有礼貌,常用于问句中。may较正式。
注意:对情态动词could的回答不能用could,只能用can。例如:
—Could I borrow your ruler 我可以借你的尺子吗
—Yes,you can./Sorry,you can’t.是的,你可以。/对不起,你不可以。
感叹句
1.感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句一般由what或how引导,句末加感叹号。
2.感叹句的构成。
(1)what引导的感叹句句型,what后接名词/名词短语.
what的基本句型 例句
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What an interesting story (it is)!(它是)多么有趣的一个故事啊!
What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! What beautiful flowers (they are)!(它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!
What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What delicious food (it is)!(它是)多么美味的食物啊!
how的基本句型 例句
How+形容词(+主语+谓语)! How kind (the girl is)!(这个女孩)多么善良啊!
How+副词(+主语+谓语)! How well (she dances)!(她舞跳得)多好啊!
How+主语+谓语!(此句型中how修饰动词,但动词不提前。) How time flies!时间过得真快呀!
(2)how引导的感叹句句型,how后接形容词/副词.
感叹句相当于部分倒装句，把表语或状语（副词）部分放到引导词后面。
what引导
what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+（代词+be）
What a beautiful girl she is!（可数名词单数）
she is a beautiful girl.
What a beautiful flower it is!（可数名词单数）
It is a beautiful flower.
What beautiful flowers they are!（可数名词复数）
They are beautiful flowers.
What sunny and clear weather it is!（不可数名词）
It is sunny and clear weather.
注：代词+be可省略。
How引导
1、how+形容词+代词/the 名词+be
How beautiful the girl is!（可数名词单数）
The girl is beautiful.
How high the mountain is!（可数名词单数）
The mountain is high.
How clever they are!（复数代词）
They are clever.
How sunny and clear the weather is!（不可数名词）
The weather is sunny and clear.
注：代词+be可省略。
2、how+形容词/副词+the+名词+谓语
How delicious the dumplings taste!
The dumplings taste delicious.
How hard the workers are working!
The workers are working hard. （状语提前）
3、how+形容词/副词+代词+谓语
How fast they run！
They run fast.（状语提前）
How clearly he is speaking!
He is speaking clearly.（状语提前）
4、how+陈述句（how强调语气，可以翻译成“多么”）
How she loves her father!
How time flies!
5、修饰名词的形容词如果many， much， little， few等表数量词，只能用how句型
How many books he has！他的书真多！
How much money he gave her！他给了她好多钱呀！
How little money I have！我的钱多么少呀！
How few friends he has！他的朋友真少！
比较：What a little box it is！多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）
其他形式感叹句
单个单词或词组构成的感叹句
Good idea!
Wonderful!
Great!
Have a good time!
感叹句应用
判定what还是how
一找·二分·三辨：
____cold water this is！
____cold it is！
一找：先找出句中的主语,be/谓语动词前的名词/代词为主语。
二分：把主语与前半部分分开。
____cold water /this is！
____cold /it is！
三辨：前半部分为名词/名词短语，用“what”（如果是可数名词单数，要加a/an）；前半部分为形容词/副词，用“how”。
What cold water /this is！
How cold /it is！
陈述句变感叹句
一分·二加·三换：
一分：在be/谓语动词后将句子分开。
This is/a beautiful flower．（后为名词短语）
This flower is/beautiful．（后为形容词，如有very修饰beautiful，very要去掉）
He runs/fast.（后为副词）
二加：名词或名词短语前+“what”，形容词/副词前＋“how”。
What a beautiful flower...
How beautiful...
How fast...
三换：将原句分开前后位置对换。
What a beautiful flower this is！
How beautiful this flower is！
How fast he runs！
what感叹句与how感叹句互换
熟记公式
what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+（代词+be）
how+形容词+the+名词+be
What a beautiful girl she is!
How beautiful the girl is!
注：how+副词感叹句无法转换成what感叹句
语法精练
Ⅰ.根据句意用can,could或may填空
1.Mary said she not sing Chinese songs.
2.I have six dogs.You choose any of them.
3.The little boy not swim very well at the age of eleven.
4.The boy not be Jack.He has gone to China with his parents.
5.—Where is my card
—I don’t know.It be in your bag.
答案 1.could 2.can/may 3.could 4.can 5.may
Ⅱ.按要求完成句子,每空一词
I can speak English.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
— you English
— ,I .
The old man could ride a horse.(改为同义句)
The old man ride a horse.
The food is very nice.(改为感叹句)
it is!
This movie is very interesting.(改为感叹句)
this movie is!
答案 1.Can speak；No can’t 2.was able to 3.What nice food 4. How interesting
单元话题写作
写作要求
本单元的话题是“个人能力”。每个人都有自己的独特之处,在学习和生活中学生们应善于发现和展现自己的长处。本单元学习了如何写推荐信来推荐某人。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能正确认识并描述自己和他人的能力;
2.能掌握书写推荐信的正确格式;
3.在书写推荐信时,应注意语言简洁得体,条理清晰。
词汇积累
recommend 推荐
hard 努力地
clever 聪明的
carefully 认真地
polite 有礼貌的
helpful 有帮助的
kind 善良的
a member of ……的一员
recommend...for...推荐……为……
be good at 擅长……
do well in 在……方面做得好
take care of 照顾
be able to 能
make friends with 和……交朋友
get on well with 与……相处融洽
at the age of... 在……岁时
look forward to期待
句型积累
1.Jim studies hard and he is good at writing.吉姆学习努力,并且擅长写作。
2.He thinks carefully and plans everything well.他考虑仔细,计划周密。
3.He began to learn to play the piano at the age of five.他5岁时开始学习弹钢琴。
4.When he is free,he often visits an old people’s home.他空闲时经常去敬老院。
5.We should study together and help each other.我们应该相互学习,相互帮助。
句式训练
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.我想推荐丹尼尔获今年的“新星奖”。
I’d like to Daniel this year’s Young Star Award.
2.他是一个善良且乐于助人的男孩。
He is a and boy.
3.她性格外向,有很多朋友。
She’s and has friends.
4.我们都认为彼得是学校最优秀的学生。
We Peter is student ___________ the school.
5.我希望早日得到你的答复。
I your early reply.
答案 1.recommend， for 2. kind，helpful 3.outgoing a lot of
4.all，think ，the best in 5. am looking forward to
语段训练
推荐信
根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。
1.我很荣幸推荐王芳作为我们学生会的主席。王芳喜爱音乐,是音乐俱乐部的成员。(recommend;be fond of;a member of)
2.她钢琴弹得好,曾获上一届钢琴比赛的一等奖。(get the first prize;competition)
3.她性格开朗,广交朋友。(outgoing;a lot of)
4.她担任七年级一班的班长,能较好地组织学校活动。(monitor;organize;activity)
5.我期盼她能成功,以便她能为全校师生做更多的事情。(look forward to;so that)
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案
It’s my pleasure to recommend Wang Fang for chairman of Students’ Union.Wang Fang is fond of music and she is a member of the Music Club.She can play the piano well.She got the first prize in the last piano competition.She’s outgoing and has a lot of friends.She is the monitor of Class 1,Grade 7.She can organize school activities very well.I am looking forward to her success so that she can do more for the whole school.(共31张PPT)
Unit 7 语法复习
译林版七年级下册
1.复习can和could表示能力的用法。
2.复习can,could和may表示许可。
3.复习waht,how引导的感叹句句型。
4.根据本单元的话题是“个人能力”，复习如何写推荐信来推荐某人。
复习目标
can,could,may的用法
这三个词都是情态动词。情态动词本身有一定的意义,但没有人称和数的变化,需要和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语部分,表示说话者的情感、态度和语气。
1.can和could表示能力。
(1)can意为“能,会”,用来表示某人现在的能力;could是can的过去式,用来表示某人过去的能力。
例如:
I couldn’t understand his words last year,but now I can.去年我还不能理解他的话,但现在我能理解了。
(2)can表示能力时,与be able to同义,二者一般可互换,但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态,而be able to中的be动词的形式根据句子所用时态变化。
例如:
You will be able to pass the exam tomorrow.明天你能通过考试。
2.can,could和may表示许可。
情态动词can,could和may可以用来表示请求或许可。情态动词could表示一种委婉的语气,比can表达更有礼貌,常用于问句中。may较正式。
注意:对情态动词could的回答不能用could,只能用can。
例如:
—Could I borrow your ruler 我可以借你的尺子吗
—Yes,you can./Sorry,you can’t.是的,你可以。/对不起,你不可以。
感叹句
1.感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。
感叹句一般由what或how引导,句末加感叹号。
2.感叹句的构成。
(1)what引导的感叹句句型。
what的基本句型 例句
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What an interesting story (it is)!
(它是)多么有趣的一个故事啊!
What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! What beautiful flowers (they are)!
(它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!
What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What delicious food (it is)!
(它是)多么美味的食物啊!
(2)how引导的感叹句句型。
how的基本句型 例句
How+形容词(+主语+谓语)! How kind (the girl is)!
(这个女孩)多么善良啊!
How+副词(+主语+谓语)! How well (she dances)!
(她舞跳得)多好啊!
How+主语+谓语! (此句型中how修饰动词,但动词不提前。) How time flies!
时间过得真快呀!
1、how+形容词+代词/the 名词+be
How beautiful the girl is!（可数名词单数）
The girl is beautiful.
How high the mountain is!（可数名词单数）
The mountain is high.
How clever they are!（复数代词）
They are clever.
How sunny and clear the weather is!（不可数名词）
The weather is sunny and clear.
注：代词+be可省略。
How引导感叹句句型转换
How引导感叹句句型转换
2、how+形容词/副词+the+名词+谓语
How delicious the dumplings taste!
The dumplings taste delicious.
How hard the workers are working!
The workers are working hard. （状语提前）
3、how+形容词/副词+代词+谓语
How fast they run！
They run fast.（状语提前）
How clearly he is speaking!
He is speaking clearly.（状语提前）
How引导感叹句句型转换
1、how+陈述句（how强调语气，可以翻译成“多么”）
How she loves her father!
她多么爱她的父亲啊！
How time flies!
时间过得真快！
注意
2、修饰名词的形容词如果many， much， little， few等表数量词，只能用how句型
How many books he has！他的书真多！
How much money he gave her！他给了她好多钱呀！
How little money I have！我的钱多么少呀！
How few friends he has！他的朋友真少！
比较：What a little box it is！多小巧的盒子呀！（该little不表示数量）
注意
其他形式感叹句
单个单词或词组构成的感叹句
Good idea!好主意！
Wonderful!精彩！
Great!太好了！
Have a good time!玩得开心
感叹句应用
判定what还是how，一找·二分·三辨：
____cold water this is！
____cold it is！
一找：先找出句中的主语,be/谓语动词前的名词/代词为主语。
二分：把主语与前半部分分开。
____cold water /this is！
____cold /it is！
三辨：前半部分为名词/名词短语，用“what”（如果是可数名词单数，要加a/an）；前半部分为形容词/副词，用“how”。
What cold water /this is！ How cold /it is！
陈述句变感叹句
一分·二加·三换：
一分：在be/谓语动词后将句子分开。
This is/a beautiful flower．（后为名词短语）
This flower is/beautiful．（后为形容词，如有very修饰beautiful，very要去掉）
He runs/fast.（后为副词）
二加：名词或名词短语前+“what”，形容词/副词前＋“how”。
What a beautiful flower...
How beautiful...
How fast...
三换：将原句分开前后位置对换。
What a beautiful flower this is！
How beautiful this flower is！
How fast he runs！
what感叹句与how感叹句互换
熟记公式
what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+（代词+be）
how+形容词+the+名词+be
What a beautiful girl she is!
How beautiful the girl is!
注：how+副词感叹句无法转换成what感叹句
语法精练
根据句意用can,could或may填空
1.Mary said she ___ not sing Chinese songs.
2.I have six dogs.You ____ choose any of them.
3.The little boy __not swim very well at the age of eleven.
4.The boy __ not be Jack.He has gone to China with his parents.
5.—Where is my card
—I don’t know.It __ be in your bag.
may
could
can/may
could
can
按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.I can speak English.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
— __ you __ English
— ,I .
2.The old man could ride a horse.(改为同义句)
The old man ride a horse.
3.The food is very nice.(改为感叹句)
it is!
4.This movie is very interesting.(改为感叹句)
______ _________ this movie is!
How interesting
Can speak
No can’t
was able to
What nice food
一、单项选择
1.______ excellent basketball player Jeremy Lin (林书豪)is! I really love this talented guy.
A. How B. What C.How a D. What an
2. — The advantages of the Chongqi Bridge have already been seen.
— ______good news to us!
A.What B. What a C. How D. How a
3. ________ wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
4. ---______________ nice dress it is !
--- Thank you!
A, What a B. What C. How D. How a
感叹句练习题 D
D
A
C
A
1. Jenny was very disappointed when she saw this.
→______________disappointed Jenny was when she sawthis.
2. It is a wonderful concert
→____________a wonderful concert it is！
3. He works hard at his lessons.
→___________ hard he works at his lessons！
4. They are beautiful flowers.
→_____________ beautiful flowers they are！
二. 把下列句子改为感叹句：用what（what a/an）与 how填空
How
What
How
What
1.多么聪明的小男孩啊！
2.他工作多么努力啊！
3.她讲了一个多么有趣的故事啊！
4. 这是一棵多么高的树啊！
5.这是一个多么美丽的城市啊！
三．翻译句子
1.What a clever boy he is！
2.How hard he works!
3.What an interesting story she told!
4.How tall a tree itis!
5.What a beautiful cityit is!
1. 【湖南省湘西苗族自治州】—____________ fine it is today！Let’s go for a walk.
—That sounds good. Let’s go.
A. What B. How C. Which
2.【四川省凉山州】____________ nice weather it is! Let’s go for a picnic, Frank.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3. 【江苏省淮安市】—It is said that 5G is coming. It will improve ourlife great!
—____________ amazing it is!
A. What an B. How a C. What D. How
4.【山东省青岛市】____________ special classes we had! We havelearned a lot about paper cutting.
A. What B. What a C.How a D. How
中考真题
A【解析】 special classe是可数名词复数短语，用what
B【解析】!fine是形容词，用how
A【解析】nice weather不可数名词短语。用what
D【解析】amazing是形容词，用how。
单元话题写作
写作要求
本单元的话题是“个人能力”。每个人都有自己的独特之处,在学习和生活中学生们应善于发现和展现自己的长处。本单元学习了如何写推荐信来推荐某人。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能正确认识并描述自己和他人的能力;
2.能掌握书写推荐信的正确格式;
3.在书写推荐信时,应注意语言简洁得体,条理清晰。
词汇积累
recommend 推荐
hard 努力地
clever 聪明的
carefully 认真地
polite 有礼貌的
helpful 有帮助的
kind 善良的
a member of ……的一员
look forward to期待
recommend...for...推荐……为……
be good at 擅长……
do well in 在……方面做得好
take care of 照顾
be able to 能
make friends with 和……交朋友
get on well with 与……相处融洽
at the age of... 在……岁时
句型积累
1.Jim studies hard and he is good at writing.
吉姆学习努力,并且擅长写作。
2.He thinks carefully and plans everything well.
他考虑仔细,计划周密。
3.He began to learn to play the piano at the age of five.
他5岁时开始学习弹钢琴。
4.When he is free,he often visits an old people’s home.
他空闲时经常去敬老院。
5.We should study together and help each other.
我们应该相互学习,相互帮助。
句式训练
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.我想推荐丹尼尔获今年的“新星奖”。
I’d like to Daniel this year’s Young Star Award.
2.他是一个善良且乐于助人的男孩。
He is a and boy.
3.她性格外向,有很多朋友。
She’s and has friends.
4.我们都认为彼得是学校最优秀的学生。
We Peter is student
the school.
5.我希望早日得到你的答复。
I your early reply.
am looking forward to
recommend for
kind helpful
outgoing a lot of
all think the best
in
语段训练
推荐信
根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。
1.我很荣幸推荐王芳作为我们学生会的主席。王芳喜爱音乐,是音乐俱乐部的成员。(recommend;be fond of;a member of)
2.她钢琴弹得好,曾获上一届钢琴比赛的一等奖。(get the first prize;competition)
3.她性格开朗,广交朋友。(outgoing;a lot of)
4.她担任七年级一班的班长,能较好地组织学校活动。(monitor;organize;activity)
5.我期盼她能成功,以便她能为全校师生做更多的事情。(look forward to;so that)
It’s my pleasure to recommend Wang Fang for chairman of Students’ Union.Wang Fang is fond of music and she is a member of the Music Club.She can play the piano well.She got the first prize in the last piano competition.She’s outgoing and has a lot of friends.She is the monitor of Class 1,Grade 7.She can organize school activities very well.I am looking forward to her success so that she can do more for the whole school.
谢谢
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