中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
知识点精讲
Comic strip and welcome to the unit
1.Look out，Eddie！当心，埃迪！
look out 意为“小心”，相当于be careful/take care, 单独使用时，后面不接宾语 Look out！There’s a car coming.当心！汽车过来了。
look out at... 向外看…. We look out at the beach.我们朝外看沙滩。
look out of 朝..外看 Don’t look out of the door.不要朝门外看。
Look out for 注意察看......留心...... Look out for cars.当心汽车。
Believe it or not！信不信由你！
believe it or not信不信由你 Believe it or not！I am feeling homesick now.信不信由你,我现在想家了。
believe sb./sth. 相信某人(的话)/相信某事 You can’t believe her words.你不能相信她的话。
believe in sb. 信任某人 I believe him，but I can’t believe in him.我相信他的话，但我不能信任他。
believe+that从句 It’s hard to believe that he is only 10.很难想象他只有10岁。
People have different abilities.不同的人有不同的能力。
ability能力,复数形式为abilities
Different people have different abilities.
have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力
Kitty has the ability to be our monitor.基蒂有当我们班长的能力。
clean up the park.把公园打扫干净
clean up意为“把…收拾干净” “打扫干净”
You should clean up the place after a picnic.
你应该在野餐后把这个地方收拾干净。
We can send some to them. 我们可以寄一些给他们。
send sb. sth=send sth. to sb.送/寄某物给某人 I will send you a postcard.= I will send a postcard to you.我将给你寄一张明信片。
send sb. /sth. to sp.送某人/某物到某地 My father sent her to the park.我家人送她去了公园。
拓展短语：
send for 派人去叫 send up 发射 send out 派出
Some families are not even able to pay for pens and notebooks.一些家庭甚至付不起钢笔和笔记本的费用。
（1）be able to 意思是“能，会”表示能力，后接动词原形。
He isn’t able to climb up the tree.他爬不上树。
be able to和can的区别：
be able to 强调通过努力而获得的能力 ( http: / / www. / Article / mod / Index.html )，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。 She can sing the song in English. 她能用英语唱这首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too. 几小时之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。
be able to 可以有各种时态;而can只有一般现在和一般过去两种时态。 I could help you last night, but you didn’t come. 昨天晚上我能帮你，而你又没来。Can you see it there 你能看见它在那儿吗？He is / was / will be able to help you. 他能帮你的忙。
can可用于表示可能性,推测,允许等情况,而be able to通常不这样用。 It can be very hot here in summer.（理论上的）可能性
动词 pay 意为“付费”。
pay sb. 意为“付款给某人” He paid me six yuan.他付了我六元钱。
pay for sth. 意为“付款买某物或为某物付款” He can’t pay for the car at the moment.他现在还不能给这辆车付款。
pay＋sb.+money＋for sth “为某物付款给某人” I paid the shopkeeper 20 yuan for the toy.我向店主付了二十元钱买这个玩具。
We can raise some money for them to buy these things.我们可以募集一些钱给他们买这些物品。
动词raise意为“募集”，常用短语raise money for sb/sth，意为“为某人/某物募集基金”。
We often raise money for the old man.我们经常为这位老人募捐。
raise还可以表示为“举起，提高，饲养”
raise your hand举手 raise your voice提高嗓音 raise cows养奶牛
Reading
He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire.他很勇敢，从火灾中救出了他的邻居。
（1） brave形容词，意为“勇敢的”，可在句子中做定语或者表语，副词形式为 bravely。
He is a brave boy.他是一个勇敢的男孩。
（2）save动词，意为“救；救助”， save...from意为“从…中救出”。
The doctor saved her life. 那个医生救了她的命。
He saved the boy from the river last Sunday.上星期天他从河中救了那个男孩。
save作及物动词，还可以意为“节约，储存“
save money 存钱 save water 节约用水
He decided to save more money to help the children in poor areas.他决定省下更多的钱来帮助贫困地区的孩子们。
He went in and found his neighbour，the 79-year-old Mrs Sun，in the kitchen.他进去，发现了他的邻居——79 岁的孙夫人——在厨房。
79-year-old 是一个复合形容词，意为“79 岁的”，做前置定语，修饰名词，注意连字符号，中间的名词要用单数形式。
数词＋名词
six-hour sleep 6个小时的睡眠 two-year time 2年的时间 a two-hour trip 2个小时的旅行
数词＋名词＋形容词
a five-year-old boy 一个5岁的男孩 a 900-metre-long bridge 一座900米长的桥
He is a 20-year-old boy.他是一个12岁的男孩。
Do you know where the five-star hotel is？你知道那家五星级宾馆在哪里吗？
10.Suddenly he heard someone shouting“Fire！Fire！”忽然他听到有人喊：“着火了！着火了！”
hear someone shouting中someone作 hear的宾语。shouting是动词-ing形式作someone的宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的动作。
hear sb doing sth 表示“听见某人正在做某事”，强调动作发生的过程。主语听到的是动作发生中的一个片段。类似的还有 see，find 等动词。 I heard Lily singing in her room when I went to bed.当我睡觉时，听见莉莉正在房间唱歌。
hear sb do sth 表示“听见某人做某事”，强调动经常做或所做的事情已经过去。主语听到的是动作发生的全过程。 We often hear the girl sing in the next room.我们经常听见这个女孩在隔壁房间里唱歌。
11.Her left leg was badly hurt and she could not get out. 她的左腿伤得很重，不能出去了。
（1） badly 副词，意为“严重地，厉害地”，由“形容词 bad＋ly”构成。此处用来修饰形容词hurt。
be badly hurt 受重伤 He was badly hurt and people sent him to the nearest hospital at once. 他受了重伤，人们马上把他送到最近的医院。
hurt sb. 伤到某人 Luckily, the glass didn’t hurt anybody.幸运的是，玻璃并没有伤到任何人。
sth. hurt ......感到疼痛 My hand hurts.我手疼。
He poured water over his clothes to protect himself.为了保护自己，他往衣服上倒了些水。
pour意为“倾倒”，
pour...into...把......倒进......里 Pour the water into the cup。把水倒进杯子里。
poured ... over 把......倒在......上面 Don’t pour water over his clothes 不要把水倾倒在他的衣服上。
2）protect 及物动词，意为“保护”，后可接名词代词作宾语， protect.....from sth意为“保护…免遭某物的伤害”。
Sunglasses can protect our eyes from the sun.太阳镜可保护我们的眼睛免遭太阳的危害。
Then he rushed into the kitchen.然后他冲进了厨房。
rush此处是及物动词，意为“冲，奔“
rush into意为”冲进＂ He rushed into the room.他冲进了房间。
rush out of意为”从…冲出来“ He rushed out of the classroom when the bell rings.当铃响的时候，他冲出教室。
rush to do sth意为“赶忙去做某事＂ He rushed to help his friend.他赶忙去帮他的朋友。
Later some firemen came and put out the fire.稍后消防员来把火扑灭。
put out是“熄灭，扑灭”的意思，后面常接烟、火等名词
Don’t smoke here.Please put it out.不要在这里吸烟，请将它熄灭。
He put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun and helped her out.他用一块湿的毛毯裹住孙夫人，并帮助她脱离了危险。
help sb out意为“帮助某人克服困难，解决问题，脱离危险”
The woman often helps her neighbours out.那位女士经常帮助她邻居们解决困难。
（拓展）help 的常用短语
help sb （to）do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人
I can help you （to）lean English.=I can help you with your English.我可以帮助你学英语。
16.The fire burnt Lin Tao’s arms,neck and face.火烧伤了林涛的胳膊，脖子和脸。
burn可用作及物动词或者不及物动词，意为“烧伤，烧”其过去式为burnt或burned。
I burned my hand just now.刚才我把手烧伤了。
17.He was in hospital for two weeks.他住院治疗了两个星期。
in hospital意思是“生病住院” He had to stay in hospital for a week.他不得不住院一个星期。
in the hospital是“在医院里” Simon works in the hospital.西蒙在医院工作。
18.＂Were you afraid at that moment？＂ ＂Yes，a little.＂ Lin Tao nodded， ＂but I didn＇t have time to think about it.” “那时你害怕吗？”＂是的，有点害怕。”林涛点头说:“但是我没有时间去想。”
1)moment用作可数名词，意为“时刻，片刻，瞬间”，
at the /this moment意为“此刻，现在” He is busy at the moment 他此刻很忙。
at that moment意为“在那时” At the moment he was busy preparing his lessons .那时，他正忙于准备功课。
2)nod现在分词nodding,过去式nodded，动词“点头”，在此句中是不及物动词，其后面不能直接加宾语，可以跟状语等句子的成分
We nod to each other in greeting every morning when we meet我们明天早晨见面时相互点头打招呼。
3)have time to do sth为固定搭配，表示“有时间做某事”
She has time to do her homework。她有足够的时间做家庭作业。
19.We should be careful with it.我们应该小心它。
careful〔形容词〕仔细的，认真的；小心的。可在句中作表语或定语，其反义词为careless（粗心的）。
be careful with...小心……，当心…… Please be careful with my glasses.请当心我的眼镜。
be careful（not）to do sth.当心（不要）做某事 Be careful not to damage other people’s property.小心别损坏别人的财物。
20.stop something from burning阻止某物燃烧
stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事,其中from可省略。
The heavy rain stopped the children（ from）going out to play football.大雨阻止了孩子们出去踢足球。
First，I heard someone calling for help.首先，我听到有人在喊救命。
call for help呼救，求救 Did you call for help？你呼救了吗？
call sb. for help 打电话向某人求助 If you have problems，you may call me for help.如果你有困难，你可以打电话向我求助。
22.Did you hear the news about Lin Tao？你听说关于林涛的新闻了吗？
news〔不可数名词〕新闻，消息，多指通过电视、广播、报纸等媒体得到的新闻消息等。
其数量的表达多借助于piece。
a piece of news 一条新闻
some pieces of news 几条新闻
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
There’re some good pieces of news in the newspaper.报纸上有几条好新闻。
辨析：news, message 与 information
news不可数名词 意为“新闻，消息”，常指公众感兴趣的、近来发生的事情，尤指通过广播、电视、网络等报道的事件。 Wha’s the latest news 最新消息是什么？
message可数名词 一般指口头传递或书写的“消息”。 Did he leave a message 他留言了吗？
information不可数名词 意为“消息;信息''，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。 Look at the information below.看下面的信息。
23.I read about it in the newspaper.我在报纸上看到的。
newspaper〔可数名词〕报纸由“news（新闻）＋paper（纸）”组合而成。
in the newspaper 在报纸上
My father likes reading a newspaper after dinner.我父亲喜欢晚饭后看报纸。
Do not play with matches. 不要玩火柴。
1）play，意为“玩”
play with sth. 玩弄某物 The boy is playing with his toy.那个男孩正在玩他的玩具。
play with sb.和某人玩 I often play with my friend after class.课后我经常和我的朋友一起玩。
match的用法
①match火柴，其复数形式为 matches You can make a fire with the match.你可以用火柴生火。
②match比赛，竞赛，其复数形式为matches Let’s go to watch the basketball match.咱们去看篮球比赛吧。
③match与……相配 This pair of jeans matches her T-shirt well.这条牛仔裤与她的T恤衫很相配。
25.Do not put anything hot into the rubbish bin.不要将任何热的东西倒入垃圾箱内。
rubbish〔不可数名词〕垃圾，废物
a rubbish bin 垃圾箱
We should put rubbish into the rubbish bin.我们应该把垃圾放入垃圾箱内。
Grammar
26.Could I smoke here 我可以在这儿吸烟吗？
smoke的用法
smoke〔动词〕吸（烟），抽（烟） Do you mind if someone smokes 如果有人吸烟,你介意吗？
smoke（不及物动词〕冒烟 The chimney is smoking.烟囱正在冒烟。
smoke〔不可数名词］烟，烟雾 There”s a lot of smoke in the room.房间里有大量的烟雾。
27.I left mine at home.我的忘在家里了。
leave 〔及物动词〕忘带，丢下 其过去式加left。
leave sth. at/in/on...把某物忘在某个地方
I left my mobile phone on the bus.我把手机忘在公共汽车上了。
辨析 leave 与 forget
leave 指因粗心而没带某物或把某物落在某处，其后往往有一个地点状语 He left his exercise book in the classroom.他把练习本忘在教室里了。
forget 指大脑不能记起或回忆起过去的人、事物或事情，其后不能跟地点状语，其反义词是remember Don't forget to take your umbrella with you.不要忘记带上你的雨伞。
28.By the way,can you take your camera with you, Amy 顺便问一下，埃米，你能带上你的相机吗？
by the way顺便说说，顺便问一下，通常用作插入语，表示说话人要转入一个新话题。
By the way, why do you like dancing so much 顺便问一下，你为什么那么喜欢跳舞？
［拓展］way的其他表达：
in the way妨碍；挡路 on the way在途中
29.No problem.没问题。
no problem,没问题表示同意。 —Can I bring a friend 我可以带个朋友来吗？—No problem.没问题。
no problem,没什么,用于回答对方的感谢或道歉。 —Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。―No problem.没什么.
30.What else can he do 他还能做什么？
辨析：else 与 other
else 副词,其他,另外，还 通常用在who, whose, what等疑问代词、when, where等疑问副词及something, anything, noth ing, nobody, anybody等不定代词的后面。 Who else was at your party 还有谁在你的聚会上？Would you like something else to drink 你还想喝些什么吗？
other 形容词，其他的，别的 通常用在名词的前面，作定语。 I don't like other books.我不喜欢其他的书。
Integrated skills
31.Suzy loves it and works hard on the subject.苏西喜欢数学，在这个科目上很用功。
work hard努力工作，此处work为不及物动词，意为“工作，学习”，hard副词，意为“努力地；费力地”
It is hard work, but we must finish it 虽然它是艰苦的工作，但是我们必须完成它。
32. She does not do her best this term 这个学期 她没有尽最大努力。
do one’s best 意为“尽某人最大努力”，相当于try one’s best，
do/try one’s best to do sth意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
I like English，and I’ll do/try my best to learn it well.我喜欢英语，并将尽最大努力学好它。
33.Good，but sometimes she is careless.很好，但是她有时粗心。
careless 形容词，意为“粗心”，是由 care＋less构成的派生词，其反义词 为careful （仔细的）。
The careless driver didn’t see the dog and hit it.这位粗心的司机没有看见这条狗，撞到了它。
34.She does well in Chinese, English and History too. but she needs to do better in Geography.她在语文、英语和历史方面也做得很好，但是她需要在地理方面做得更好。
do well in……做得好 相当于be good at。 His sister does well in dancing. = His sister is good at dancing.他姐姐擅长跳舞。
do better in……做得更好（这里的better是well 的比较级，意为“更好”） If you work harder, you will do better in it.如果你更努力，你会做得更好。
35.1 started to play the violin at the age of six.我在六岁时开始拉小提琴。
at the age of 在......岁时，相当于when引导的时间状语从句，即when...years old。
She started to play the piano at the age of five =She started to play the piano when she was 5 years old.
她5岁时开始弹钢琴。
36.Can you show me how to play it？你能演示给我看看怎样拉吗？
show的用法
show意为”教，演示“show sb sth=show sth to sb，意为”向某人演示某事“ She showed the method to her students.=She showed her students the method.她向学生演示了那个方法。
show给……看，展示show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.给某人看某物 Please show me your new bike.=Please show your new bike to me.请把你的新自行车给我看看°
show引，带，领show...around...带......参观...... Let me show you around our school.让我带你参观我们的学校。
Study skills&Task
37.1 would like to recommend Daniel for this year’ s Young Star Award.我愿意推荐丹尼尔获得本年度的“新星”奖。
recommend〔及物动词〕推荐
recommend sb. for...推荐某人获得.......奖 We recommend her for Youth Award我们推荐她获得青年奖。
recommend sb. as/to be...推荐某人担任...... We recommend Millie as/to be our monitor. 我们推荐米莉当我们的班长。
recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物 I'm going to recommend the book to you. 我打算把这本书推荐给你。
38. He is a member of our Project Hope group "and often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need.他是我们希望工程小组的一名成员，并经常参加像为在贫困中的孩子们收集衣服和书本这样的活动。
1）辨析:take part in Join 与 join in
三者都有“参加”之意，但用法不同。
take part in 常用来指参加群众性活劫、劳动、游行等，并在活动中起一定的作用 He took part in a writing competition last summer holiday.去年暑假，他参加了一个写作竞赛。
join 指参加某个组织并成为该组织中的一员 Why not join the Art Club 为什么不加入美术俱乐部呢？
join in 通常加入某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动，有时可与take part in互换 How interesting the activity is! All of the students want to join in it.这次活动多有趣啊！所有的学生都想参加。
in need在危难中；在贫困中 其中need用作 不可数名词，意为“（食物、钱等的）短缺,缺乏”。
Lei Feng always helped those people in need. 雷锋总是帮助那些需要帮助的人。
need (实义动词）需要,后接名词、代词、动词不定式或v. -ing形式° I need your help,我需要你的帮助。You need to eat lots of fruit and vegetables.你需要吃大量的水果和蔬菜。The door needs repairing.门需要修理了。
need (情态动词)需要,后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。 I needn't do the homework now.我不需要现在做作业。
39.Last week, a five-year-old boy lost his way and was crying in the street.上周，一个五岁的 男孩迷了路在街上哭。
lose one's way为动词短语，意为"迷路"，相当于get lost或lose oneself, lose,动词，意为“迷失，丢失，失去”
It is very dangerous to lose your way in the forest.=It is very dangerous to get lost in the forest.
在森林里面迷路是很危险的。
拓展：
lose,动词，意为“错过”，相当于miss。 I'll try not to lose the chance again.我会尽力不再错失机会。
lose,动词，意为“输掉"。 Finally, our team lost the football match.最后，我们队输掉了这场足球赛。
40.We look forward to hearing from you soon.我们盼望尽快收到你的来信。
hear from为动词短语，意为"收..…的来信”，相当于get/receive a letter from, 后面只能接表示人的词。
Do you often hear from your pen friend =Do you often receive/get a letter from your pen friend
你经常收到你笔友的信吗？
拓展：hear of/about意为"听说”
I hear of the young man.我听说了那个年轻人
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Unit 7 知识点复习
译林版七年级下册
复习目标
1.复习本单元重点单词，短语，句型。
2.对本单元单词，短语，句型进行默写检测。
3.复习本单元重点语句，并进行点拨。
4.对重点单词进行辨析。
复习目标
短语背默
1.能力
2.相信
3.座位
4.发送;邮寄
5.甚至
6.能,能够
7.付费
8.笔记本
9.募集
10.勇敢的
ability
believe
seat
send
even
able
pay
notebook
raise
brave
11.救,救助
12.烟,烟雾
13.严重地,厉害地
14.受伤的
15.(can的过去式)可能,能,会
16.倾倒
17.保护
18.冲,奔
19.湿的;有雨的
20.毯子
save
smoke
badly
hurt
could
pour
protect
rush
wet
blanket
短语背默
21.消防员
22.烧伤;烧
23.时刻;片刻,瞬间
24.点头
25.仔细认真的;小心的
26.使受伤,伤害;疼
27.记者
28.新闻,消息
29.报纸
30.火柴
fireman
burn
moment
nod
careful
hurt
reporter
news
newspaper
match
31.垃圾,废弃物
32.垃圾箱
33.吸(烟),抽(烟)
34.照相机
35.X光,X射线
36.学期
37.努力地;费力地
38.文章
39.粗心的
40.钢琴
rubbish
bin
smoke
camera
X-ray
term
hard
article
careless
piano
短语背默
41.(well的比较级)较好,更好
42.小提琴
43.教;演示;展示
44.先生
45.女士;夫人
46.推荐
47.奖;奖品;奖金
48.部分
49.(食物、钱等的)短缺
50.迷失;丢失
51.到……为止;在……之前
better
violin
show
sir
madam
recommend
award
part
need
lose
before
短语背默
1.信不信由你
2.给某人某物
3.留神,当心
4.小心
5.植树
6.听说这个消息
7.把公园打扫干净
8.在报纸上
9.在公交车上给某人让座
10.着火了
believe it or not
give sb sth
look out
be careful with
plant trees
hear the news
clean up the park
in the newspaper
give a seat to someone on the bus
be on fire
短语背默
11.为……筹集物品
12.玩火柴
13.拜访养老院
14.顺便问一下;顺便说说
15.寄一些给他们
16.像光一样快
17.能够
18.努力学习这门功课
19.为……付款
20.文章写得好
collect things for...
play with matches
visit an old people’s home
by the way
send some to them
as fast as light
be able to
work hard on the subject
pay for
write good articles
短语背默
21.为某人募集资金
22.尽某人最大的努力
23.一位勇敢的年轻人
24.弹钢琴
25.从一场火中救出他的邻居
26.在……方面做得好
27.79岁的孙太太
28.在……岁时
29.倾倒
30.参加
raise some money for sb
do/try one’s best
a brave young man
play the piano
save his neighbour from a fire
do well in
the 79-year-old Mrs Sun
at the age of...
pour over
take part in
短语背默
31.冲进厨房
32.迷路
33.扑灭火
34.收到……的来信
35.生病住院
rush into the kitchen
lose one’s way
put out the fire
hear from
be in hospital
句型背默
1.他们最需要衣服和鞋子。
They clothes and shoes .
2.一些家庭甚至买不起钢笔和笔记本。
Some families are not even pens and notebooks.
3.他足够勇敢,将邻居从火中救出。
He was save his neighbour from a fire.
4.她的左腿伤得很重,无法出来。
Her left leg was and she could not .
need most
able to pay for
brave enough to
badly hurt get out
句型背默
5.大火烧伤了林涛的胳膊、脖子和脸。
The fire Lin Tao’s arms,neck and face.
6.那一刻你害怕吗
Were you afraid
7.不要让任何热的东西放到垃圾箱里。
Do not into the rubbish bin.
8.不要让头发靠近火源。
Keep your hair fire.
away from
burnt
at that moment
put anything hot
考点精讲
考点1.Look out，Eddie！当心，埃迪！
look out 意为“小心”，相当于be careful/take care, 单独使用时，后面不接宾语 Look out！There’s a car coming.当心！汽车过来了。
look out at... 向外看…. We look out at the beach.我们朝外看沙滩。
look out of 朝..外看 Don’t look out of the door.不要朝门外看。
Look out for 注意察看......留心...... Look out for cars.当心汽车。
考点2. Believe it or not！信不信由你！
believe it or not信不信由你 Believe it or not！I am feeling homesick now.信不信由你,我现在想家了。
believe sb./sth. 相信某人(的话)/相信某事 You can’t believe her words.你不能相信她的话。
believe in sb. 信任某人 I believe him，but I can’t believe in him.我相信他的话，但我不能信任他。
believe+that从句 It’s hard to believe that he is only 10.很难想象他只有10岁。
考点3. People have different abilities.不同的人有不同的能力。
ability能力,复数形式为abilities
Different people have different abilities.
have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力
Kitty has the ability to be our monitor.基蒂有当我们班长的能力。
考点4. clean up the park.把公园打扫干净
clean up意为“把…收拾干净” “打扫干净”
You should clean up the place after a picnic.
你应该在野餐后把这个地方收拾干净。
考点5. We can send some to them. 我们可以寄一些给他们。
send sb. sth=send sth. to sb.送/寄某物给某人 I will send you a postcard.= I will send a postcard to you.
我将给你寄一张明信片。
send sb. /sth. to sp. 送某人/某物到某地 My father sent her to the park.
我家人送她去了公园。
拓展短语：
send for 派人去叫 send up 发射 send out 派出
考点6. Some families are not even able to pay for pens and notebooks.一些家庭甚至付不起钢笔和笔记本的费用。
（1）be able to 意思是“能，会”表示能力，后接动词原形。
He isn’t able to climb up the tree.他爬不上树。
be able to和can的区别：
be able to 强调通过努力而获得的能力，，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。 She can sing the song in English. 她能用英语唱这首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too. 几小时之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。
be able to 可以有各种时态;而can只有一般现在和一般过去两种时态。 I could help you last night, but you didn’t come. 昨天晚上我能帮你，而你又没来。Can you see it there 你能看见它在那儿吗？He is / was / will be able to help you. 他能帮你的忙。
can可用于表示可能性,推测,允许等情况,而be able to通常不这样用。 It can be very hot here in summer.（理论上的）可能性
（2）动词 pay 意为“付费”。
pay sb. 意为“付款给某人” He paid me six yuan.他付了我六元钱。
pay for sth. 意为“付款买某物或为某物付款” He can’t pay for the car at the moment.他现在还不能给这辆车付款。
pay＋sb.+money＋for sth “为某物付款给某人” I paid the shopkeeper 20 yuan for the toy.我向店主付了二十元钱买这个玩具。
考点7. We can raise some money for them to buy these things.
我们可以募集一些钱给他们买这些物品。
动词raise意为“募集”，常用短语raise money for sb/sth，意为“为某人/某物募集基金”。
We often raise money for the old man.我们经常为这位老人募捐。
raise还可以表示为“举起，提高，饲养”
raise your hand 举手 raise your voice 提高嗓音 raise cows
养奶牛
考点8. He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire.他很勇敢，从火灾中救出了他的邻居。
（1） brave形容词，意为“勇敢的”，可在句子中做定语或者表语，副词形式为 bravely。
He is a brave boy.他是一个勇敢的男孩。
（2）save动词，意为“救；救助”， save...from意为“从…中救出”。
The doctor saved her life. 那个医生救了她的命。
He saved the boy from the river last Sunday.上星期天他从河中救了那个男孩。
save作及物动词，还可以意为“节约，储存”
save money 存钱 save water 节约用水
He decided to save more money to help the children in poor areas.他决定省下更多的钱来帮助贫困地区的孩子们。
考点9. He went in and found his neighbour，the 79-year-old Mrs Sun，in the kitchen.他进去，发现了他的邻居——79 岁的孙夫人——在厨房。
79-year-old 是一个复合形容词，意为“79 岁的”，做前置定语，修饰名词，注意连字符号，中间的名词要用单数形式。
（1） 数词＋名词
six-hour sleep 6个小时的睡眠 two-year time 2年的时间 a two-hour trip
2个小时的旅行
（2） 数词＋名词＋形容词
a five-year-old boy 一个5岁的男孩 a 900-metre-long bridge
一座900米长的桥
He is a 20-year-old boy.他是一个12岁的男孩。
Do you know where the five-star hotel is？你知道那家五星级宾馆在哪里吗？
考点10.Suddenly he heard someone shouting“Fire！Fire！”忽然他听到有人喊：“着火了！着火了！”
hear someone shouting中someone作 hear的宾语。shouting是动词-ing形式作someone的宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的动作。
hear sb doing sth 表示“听见某人正在做某事”，强调动作发生的过程。主语听到的是动作发生中的一个片段。类似的还有 see，find 等动词。 I heard Lily singing in her room when I went to bed.当我睡觉时，听见莉莉正在房间唱歌。
hear sb do sth 表示“听见某人做某事”，强调动经常做或所做的事情已经过去。主语听到的是动作发生的全过程。 We often hear the girl sing in the next room.我们经常听见这个女孩在隔壁房间里唱歌。
考点11.Her left leg was badly hurt and she could not get out.
她的左腿伤得很重，不能出去了。
（1） badly 副词，意为“严重地，厉害地”，由“形容词 bad＋ly”构成。此处用来修饰形容词hurt。
be badly hurt 受重伤 He was badly hurt and people sent him to the nearest hospital at once.
他受了重伤，人们马上把他送到最近的医院。
hurt sb. 伤到某人 Luckily, the glass didn’t hurt anybody.
幸运的是，玻璃并没有伤到任何人。
sth. hurt ...... 感到疼痛 My hand hurts.
我手疼。
考点12. He poured water over his clothes to protect himself.
为了保护自己，他往衣服上倒了些水。
1) pour意为“倾倒”，
pour...into... 把......倒进......里 Pour the water into the cup。
把水倒进杯子里。
poured ... over 把......倒在......上面 Don’t pour water over his clothes
不要把水倾倒在他的衣服上。
2）protect 及物动词，意为“保护”，后可接名词代词作宾语， protect.....from sth意为“保护…免遭某物的伤害”。
Sunglasses can protect our eyes from the sun.
太阳镜可保护我们的眼睛免遭太阳的危害。
考点13. Then he rushed into the kitchen.然后他冲进了厨房。
rush此处是及物动词，意为冲，奔
rush into 意为”冲进＂ He rushed into the room.
他冲进了房间。
rush out of 意为”从…冲出来“ He rushed out of the classroom when the bell rings.
当铃响的时候，他冲出教室。
rush to do sth 意为“赶忙去做某事＂ He rushed to help his friend.
他赶忙去帮他的朋友。
考点14. Later some firemen came and put out the fire.
稍后消防员来把火扑灭。
put out是“熄灭，扑灭”的意思，后面常接烟、火等名词
Don’t smoke here.Please put it out.不要在这里吸烟，请将它熄灭。
考点15. He put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun and helped her out.
他用一块湿的毛毯裹住孙夫人，并帮助她脱离了危险。
help sb out意为“帮助某人克服困难，解决问题，脱离危险”
The woman often helps her neighbours out.那位女士经常帮助她邻居们解决困难。
（拓展）help 的常用短语
help sb （to）do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth
在某方面帮助某人
I can help you （to）lean English.=I can help you with your English.
我可以帮助你学英语。
考点16.The fire burnt Lin Tao’s arms,neck and face.
火烧伤了林涛的胳膊，脖子和脸。
burn可用作及物动词或者不及物动词，意为“烧伤，烧”其过去式为burnt或burned。
I burned my hand just now.刚才我把手烧伤了
考点17.He was in hospital for two weeks.
他住院治疗了两个星期。
in hospital 意思是“生病住院” He had to stay in hospital for a week.
他不得不住院一个星期。
in the hospital 是“在医院里” Simon works in the hospital.
西蒙在医院工作。
考点18.＂Were you afraid at that moment？＂ ＂Yes，a little.＂ Lin Tao nodded， ＂but I didn＇t have time to think about it.” “那时你害怕吗？”＂是的，有点害怕。”林涛点头说:“但是我没有时间去想。”
1)moment用作可数名词，意为“时刻，片刻，瞬间”，
at the /this moment 意为“此刻，现在” He is busy at the moment
他此刻很忙。
at that moment 意为“在那时” At the moment he was busy preparing his lessons .
那时，他正忙于准备功课。
2)nod现在分词nodding,过去式nodded，动词“点头”，在此句中是不及物动词，其后面不能直接加宾语，可以跟状语等句子的成分
We nod to each other in greeting every morning when we meet我们明天早晨见面时相互点头打招呼。
3)have time to do sth为固定搭配，表示“有时间做某事”
She has time to do her homework。她有足够的时间做家庭作业。
考点19.We should be careful with it.
我们应该小心它。
careful〔形容词〕仔细的，认真的；小心的。可在句中作表语或定语，其反义词为careless（粗心的）。
be careful with... 小心……，当心…… Please be careful with my glasses.
请当心我的眼镜。
be careful（not）to do sth.当心（不要）做某事 Be careful not to damage other people’s property.小心别损坏别人的财物。
考点20.stop something from burning阻止某物燃烧
stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事,其中from可省略。
The heavy rain stopped the children（ from）going out to play football.大雨阻止了孩子们出去踢足球。
考点21. First，I heard someone calling for help.
首先，我听到有人在喊救命。
call for help呼救，求救 Did you call for help？你呼救了吗？
call sb. for help 打电话向某人求助 If you have problems，you may call me for help.如果你有困难，你可以打电话向我求助。
考点22.Did you hear the news about Lin Tao？
你听说关于林涛的新闻了吗？
news〔不可数名词〕新闻，消息，多指通过电视、广播、报纸等媒体得到的新闻消息等。
其数量的表达多借助于piece。
a piece of news 一条新闻
some pieces of news 几条新闻
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
There’re some good pieces of news in the newspaper.报纸上有几条好新闻。
辨析：news, message 与 information
news不可数名词 意为“新闻，消息”，常指公众感兴趣的、近来发生的事情，尤指通过广播、电视、网络等报道的事件。 Wha’s the latest news 最新消息是什么？
message可数名词 一般指口头传递或书写的“消息”。 Did he leave a message 他留言了吗？
information不可数名词 意为“消息;信息''，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。 Look at the information below.看下面的信息。
考点23.I read about it in the newspaper.我在报纸上看到的。
newspaper〔可数名词〕报纸由“news（新闻）＋paper（纸）”组合而成。
in the newspaper 在报纸上
My father likes reading a newspaper after dinner.我父亲喜欢晚饭后看报纸。
考点24. Do not play with matches.
不要玩火柴。
1）play，意为“玩”
play with sth. 玩弄某物 The boy is playing with his toy.
那个男孩正在玩他的玩具。
play with sb. 和某人玩 I often play with my friend after class.
课后我经常和我的朋友一起玩。
2）match的用法
①match 火柴，其复数形式为 matches You can make a fire with the match.
你可以用火柴生火。
②match 比赛，竞赛，其复数形式为matches Let’s go to watch the basketball match.
咱们去看篮球比赛吧。
③match 与……相配 This pair of jeans matches her T-shirt well.这条牛仔裤与她的T恤衫很相配。
考点25.Do not put anything hot into the rubbish bin.
不要将任何热的东西倒入垃圾箱内。
rubbish〔不可数名词〕垃圾，废物
a rubbish bin 垃圾箱
We should put rubbish into the rubbish bin.我们应该把垃圾放入垃圾箱内。
考点26.Could I smoke here 我可以在这儿吸烟吗？
smoke的用法
smoke 〔动词〕吸（烟），抽（烟） Do you mind if someone smokes
如果有人吸烟,你介意吗？
smoke （不及物动词〕冒烟 The chimney is smoking.
烟囱正在冒烟。
smoke 〔不可数名词］烟，烟雾 There”s a lot of smoke in the room.
房间里有大量的烟雾。
考点27.I left mine at home.我的忘在家里了。
leave 〔及物动词〕忘带，丢下 其过去式加left。
leave sth. at/in/on...把某物忘在某个地方
I left my mobile phone on the bus.我把手机忘在公共汽车上了。
辨析 leave 与 forget
leave 指因粗心而没带某物或把某物落在某处，其后往往有一个地点状语 He left his exercise book in the classroom.他把练习本忘在教室里了。
forget 指大脑不能记起或回忆起过去的人、事物或事情，其后不能跟地点状语，其反义词是remember Don't forget to take your umbrella with you.不要忘记带上你的雨伞。
考点28.By the way,can you take your camera with you, Amy
顺便问一下，埃米，你能带上你的相机吗？
by the way顺便说说，顺便问一下，通常用作插入语，表示说话人要转入一个新话题。
By the way, why do you like dancing so much 顺便问一下，你为什么那么喜欢跳舞？
［拓展］way的其他表达：
in the way妨碍；挡路 on the way在途中
考点29.No problem.没问题。
no problem, 没问题表示同意。 —Can I bring a friend 我可以带个朋友来吗？
—No problem.没问题。
no problem, 没什么,用于回答对方的感谢或道歉。 —Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。
―No problem.没什么.
考点30.What else can he do 他还能做什么？
辨析：else 与 other
else 副词,其他,另外，还 通常用在who, whose, what等疑问代词、when, where等疑问副词及something, anything, nothing, nobody, anybody等不定代词的后面。 还有谁在你的聚会上？你还想喝些什么吗？
other 形容词，其他的，别的 通常用在名词的前面，作定语。 I don't like other books.我不喜欢其他的书。
考点31.Suzy loves it and works hard on the subject.
苏西喜欢数学，在这个科目上很用功。
work hard努力工作，此处work为不及物动词，意为“工作，学习”，hard副词，意为“努力地；费力地”
It is hard work, but we must finish it 虽然它是艰苦的工作，但是我们必须完成它
考点32.She does not do her best this term 这个学期 她没有尽最大努力。
do one’s best 意为“尽某人最大努力”，相当于try one’s best，
do/try one’s best to do sth意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
I like English，and I’ll do/try my best to learn it well.我喜欢英语，并将尽最大努力学好它。
考点33.Good，but sometimes she is careless.
很好，但是她有时粗心。
careless 形容词，意为“粗心”，是由 care＋less构成的派生词，其反义词 为careful （仔细的）。
The careless driver didn’t see the dog and hit it.这位粗心的司机没有看见这条狗，撞到了它。
考点34.She does well in Chinese, English and History too. but she needs to do better in Geography.
她在语文、英语和历史方面也做得很好，但是她需要在地理方面做得更好。
do well in……做得好 相当于be good at。 His sister does well in dancing. = His sister is good at dancing.他姐姐擅长跳舞。
do better in……做得更好（这里的better是well 的比较级，意为“更好”） If you work harder, you will do better in it.如果你更努力，你会做得更好。
考点35 started to play the violin at the age of six.我在六岁时开始拉小提琴。
at the age of 在......岁时，相当于when引导的时间状语从句，即when...years old。
She started to play the piano at the age of five =She started to play the piano when she was 5 years old.
她5岁时开始弹钢琴。
考点36.Can you show me how to play it？你能演示给我看看怎样拉吗？
show的用法
show意为”教，演示“show sb sth=show sth to sb，意为”向某人演示某事“ She showed the method to her students.=She showed her students the method.她向学生演示了那个方法。
show给……看，展示show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.给某人看某物 Please show me your new bike.=Please show your new bike to me.请把你的新自行车给我看看°
show引，带，领show...around...带......参观...... Let me show you around our school.让我带你参观我们的学校。
考点37.I would like to recommend Daniel for this year’ s Young Star Award.我愿意推荐丹尼尔获得本年度的“新星”奖。
recommend〔及物动词〕推荐
recommend sb. for...推荐某人获得.......奖 We recommend her for Youth Award我们推荐她获得青年奖。
recommend sb. as/to be...推荐某人担任...... We recommend Millie as/to be our monitor. 我们推荐米莉当我们的班长。
recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物 I'm going to recommend the book to you. 我打算把这本书推荐给你。
考点38. He is a member of our Project Hope group "and often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need.他是我们希望工程小组的一名成员，并经常参加像为在贫困中的孩子们收集衣服和书本这样的活动。
1）辨析:take part in Join 与 join in 三者都有“参加”之意，但用法不同。
take part in 常用来指参加群众性活劫、劳动、游行等，并在活动中起一定的作用 He took part in a writing competition last summer holiday.去年暑假，他参加了一个写作竞赛。
join 指参加某个组织并成为该组织中的一员 Why not join the Art Club 为什么不加入美术俱乐部呢？
join in 通常加入某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动，有时可与take part in互换 How interesting the activity is! All of the students want to join in it.这次活动多有趣啊！所有的学生都想参加。
2）in need在危难中；在贫困中 其中need用作 不可数名词，意为“（食物、钱等的）短缺,缺乏”。
Lei Feng always helped those people in need. 雷锋总是帮助那些需要帮助的人。
need (实义动词）需要,后接名词、代词、动词不定式或v. -ing形式° I need your help,我需要你的帮助。You need to eat lots of fruit and vegetables.你需要吃大量的水果和蔬菜。The door needs repairing.门需要修理了。
need (情态动词)需要,后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。 I needn't do the homework now.我不需要现在做作业。
考点39.Last week, a five-year-old boy lost his way and was crying in the street.上周，一个五岁的 男孩迷了路在街上哭。
lose one's way为动词短语，意为"迷路"，相当于get lost或lose oneself, lose,动词，意为“迷失，丢失，失去”
It is very dangerous to lose your way in the forest.=It is very dangerous to get lost in the forest.
在森林里面迷路是很危险的。
拓展：
lose,动词，意为“错过”，相当于miss。 I'll try not to lose the chance again.我会尽力不再错失机会。
lose,动词，意为“输掉"。 Finally, our team lost the football match.最后，我们队输掉了这场足球赛。
考点40.We look forward to hearing from you soon.我们盼望尽快收到你的来信。
hear from为动词短语，意为"收..…的来信”，相当于get/receive a letter from, 后面只能接表示人的词。
Do you often hear from your pen friend =Do you often receive/get a letter from your pen friend
你经常收到你笔友的信吗？
拓展：hear of/about意为"听说”
I hear of the young man.我听说了那个年轻人
根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词
1.He has a special (能力) to write with two hands at the same time.
2.The students are talking about (募集) money for Project Hope in the school hall.
3.You shouldn’t (相信) him.He always tells lies.
4.Can you (发送) some pictures to me
5.This will make our job (甚至) more difficult.
ability
raising
believe
send
even
Exercises
根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Mrs Sun’s left arm was ________(bad) hurt.
2.It was late.Zhang Hua ________(rush) into the classroom this morning.
3.Some _________(fireman) came and put out the fire.
4.Doing homework________(careful) is a good habit and it helps a lot.
5.Peter listened to his teacher and ________(nod) from time to time.
nodded
badly
rushed
firemen
carefully
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
1.She’s in the room __________ to her parents.
2.It’s warm __________ to go swimming today.
3.If you don’t keep quiet,you can __________.
4.I knocked down the bottle and the ink __________ the desk.
5.—What happened to him
—A car hit him and he was__________for two weeks.
enough, in hospital, next door, get out, pour over
in hospital
next door
enough
poured over
get out
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.她确定这次考试能考好。
She’s certain to ____________________ the examination.
2.从那时起,志愿者们尽他们最大的努力去帮助贫困地区的孩子们。
From then on,volunteers ________________to help the children in poor areas.
3.郎朗3岁时,就成为了一名优秀的钢琴学生。
Lang Lang became a good piano student ___________________ three.
4.顺便问一下,你带凯蒂一起去吗
___________,will you take Katie with you
By the way
do well in
tried/did their best
at the age of
按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.I could swim at the age of seven.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ swim at the age of seven
2.Jim can not play basketball at all.(用three years ago改写句子)
Jim ______ ______ basketball at all three years ago.
3.We are happy to receive our parents’ letters.(改为同义句)
We are happy to ______ ______ our ______.
4.I could row a boat when I was young.(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______ when you were young
5.Jack is weak in Chinese.(改为同义句)
Jack ______ ______ ______ in Chinese.
doesn’t do well
Could you
couldn’t play
hear from parents
What could do
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