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高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Relationships Lesson 1 Teachers同步练习
一、单词拼写
1．As we know, water is made up of h and oxygen.
2．The fireworks rushed up into the sky, just like a (火箭) soaring up.
3．As a famous saying goes, it never rains but it (倾倒).
4．Coal and gas are traditional f , but they bring lots of side effects too.
5．If you (缺乏) confidence in yourself, you won't do your work well.
6．Each class will give a (an) (报告) during the seminar in our school.
7．The father is not satisfied with his son's rude (行为) in the public places.
8．The teacher saw the naughty boy (拖拉) his bag behind on the first day.
9．All the citizens in our city have (进入) to this park without paying.
10．It is truly (值得) to work hard at our lessons when we are at school.
二、单句语法填空
11．Let's be (practice) and work out the cost first.
12．She stared at the girl as if seeing her the first time.
13．When she heard the news, tears (pour) down his cheeks.
14．The project was not completed lack of money.
15．The (present) of prizes began after the speeches.
16．I think the trouble will clear up in a couple days.
17．All I know is that she used (work) in a bank.
18．The boy observed the (behave) of the new pet.
19．Only high officials have access the president.
20．It is worthwhile (discuss) the problem.
三、完成句子
21．But when I was 15 and went into Mr. Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject (第一次).
22．If only I (可以出席) the meeting yesterday!
23．The thing about being a teacher is that you (有机会进入) children's mind when they are open and eager to learn.
24．It is worthwhile （考虑他的建议）.
25．People (曾相信)that the earth was flat.
26．He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see . (他能做什么).
27．Look at the bad results. If only I (听从) your advice.
28．The old man sat at the table (读报纸).
29． (并非所有人) live a happy life.
四、语法填空
语法填空
Life is filled with regrets. As we get older, we often look back and wish that we 30． (make) better choices in our life before. So what can we do 31． (avoid) future regrets The following are a few tips that you might find 32． (use).
Make plans in advance. If you start to do something, you need to make a plan before doing it. The 33． (early), the better. You should know what comes first and what comes last. Even if something unexpected 34． (happen), you can have more time to deal with it.
Live 35． more active life. More outdoor activities can keep you healthy both 36． (physical) and mentally.
Make good friends. Everyone needs friends. Friends are people with 37． we share joys and sorrows. Make friends with optimistic people, and you'll also think positively if you 38． (surround) with them.
Never fear failure. Everybody fails, even the greatest people in the world. We should not fear failure. Instead, we should take failure 39． a chance to learn and improve ourselves.
Life is so good. Why should we always live in our past and regret what we have done
五、阅读理解
阅读理解
Proudly
reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing
big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward
my stone faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had
slaved over, hoping to hide myself. "What could be causing everyone to act
this way ''
Quickly,
I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first
real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and
find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history
came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name
before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there
were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One
invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army
across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I
called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip (掷) a coin. Heads — the
commander, and tails — the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the
great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
Weeks
later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I
lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I
had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, "My
report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution."
The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George
Washington
Obviously,
my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I
talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re dos; no new grade. I felt that
the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance.
Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school
year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the
headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different
conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the
beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the
sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
40．What did the author's classmates think about his report
A．Controversial. B．Ridiculous. C．Boring. D．Puzzling.
41．Why was the author confused about the task
A．He was unfamiliar with American history.
B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.
C．He forgot his teacher's instruction.
D．He was new at the school.
42．The underlined word "burning" in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．annoyed B．ashamed C．ready D．eager
43．In the end, the author turned things around ________.
A．by redoing his task
B．through his own efforts
C．with the help of his grandfather
D．under the guidance of his headmaster
44．（2018·郑州模拟）阅读理解
US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school. Her skin is dark, her accent is thick, and if you ask her, she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of. Tahay is a poet, and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.
When she is on the stage, audiences often go silent. They also laugh, shout and cry. But this doesn't come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America. When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her “mouse”.
“How do I defend myself ” Tahay thought. “I don't know how.”
“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.”
She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVDs: English without Barriers.
Tahay's elder brother, Elmer, persuaded her to go to the after-school poetry club. In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High School's poetry program into one of the most respected in the city. Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.
The first time Tahay read the group's poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). “I wish I could write like that,” she thought. “I want to say something.”
She wrote her first poem about her first year in America. She called it Invisible. The day her turn came to recite in front of the team, she broke down crying. She cried for 15 minutes. “I had so much held in,” Tahay said. “I couldn't even finish it.”
But she kept at it despite her less-than-perfect grammar, spelling and diction (措辞). Still, she wouldn't tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.
But with time, her poems changed her. “They gave me pride,” Tahay said. “They told me that I'm worth something.”
“She had this innocence,” Kurnick said. “This willingness to be genuine and show you things you don't ever see.”
（1）What did Tahay's mother suggest she do when she was teased by others
A．Fight with them bravely.
B．Report them to her teachers.
C．Ignore them and keep going.
D．Try hard to make friends with them.
（2）What are the themes of Tahay and her team's poems
A．Their admiration for the great poets.
B．Their appreciation of natural beauty.
C．Their expectations of a better future.
D．Funny and painful stories about their lives.
（3）How did Tahay probably feel when she first read the group's poems
A．She was cold. B．She was excited.
C．She was nervous. D．She was frightened.
（4）How did Tahay benefit from writing poems
A．She felt more confident about herself.
B．She won many national poetry competitions.
C．She became the first student poet in the city.
D．She improved her grammar and spelling greatly.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】hydrogen
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：众所周知，水是由氢和氧组成的。根据句意和首字母，应用 hydrogen “氢”，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 hydrogen 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
2．【答案】rocket
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：烟火像火箭一样冲向天空。“ 火箭 ”应用 rocket ，此处名词作介词宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 rocket 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
3．【答案】pours
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：正如一句名言所说，不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。“ 倾倒 ”应用 pour ，此处是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般现在时，主语是 it，谓语动词用单三式，故填 pours 。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时以及第三人称单数作主语。
4．【答案】fuels
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：煤和天然气是传统燃料，但它们也带来了许多副作用。根据句意和首字母，应用 fuel “燃料”，可数名词，结合语境应用复数形式，此处作表语，故填 fuels 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
5．【答案】lack
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你对自己缺乏信心，你就不会把工作做好。“ 缺乏 ”应用 lack ，此处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，故填 lack 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
6．【答案】presentation
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们学校的研讨会上，每个班都会做一个演讲。“ 报告 ”应用 presentation ，此处名词作宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 presentation 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
7．【答案】behavior
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：父亲对儿子在公共场所的粗鲁行为不满意。“ 行为 ”应用 behavior ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 behavior 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
8．【答案】dragging
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：第一天，老师看见那个淘气的男孩拖着他的包走了。“ 拖拉 ”应用 drag ，此处现在分词作宾补，故填 dragging 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
9．【答案】access
【知识点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们城市的所有市民都可以免费进入这个公园。“ 进入 ”应用 access ，此处作宾语，have access to固定短语，“进入”，故填 access 。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语have access to。
10．【答案】worthwhile
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们在学校的时候，努力学习是值得的。“ 值得 ”应用 worthwhile ，形容词，此处作表语 ，故填 worthwhile 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
11．【答案】practical
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：让我们实际一点，先计算成本。此处形容词作表语，故填 practical 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
12．【答案】for
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：她凝视着那个女孩，好像第一次见到她。for the first time固定短语，“首次，第一次”，故填for。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语for the first time。
13．【答案】poured
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当她听到这个消息时，眼泪顺着他的脸颊流了下来。此处是谓语动词，根据 When she heard the news 的时态，可知应用一般过去时，故填 poured 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
14．【答案】for
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：由于缺乏资金，这个项目没有完成。for lack of，固定短语，“因缺少......”，故填 for 。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语for lack of。
15．【答案】presentation
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：演讲结束后开始颁奖。此处名词作主语， present “呈现，出示”动词，其名词是 presentation “演讲”，可数，结合语境应用单数形式，故填 presentation 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
16．【答案】of
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：我想过几天问题就会解决。a couple of，固定短语，“一些，几个”，故填of。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语a couple of。
17．【答案】to work
【知识点】固定短语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我只知道她过去在银行工作。used to do固定短语，“过去常常做.......”，故填 to work 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语used to do。
18．【答案】behavior
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：男孩观察了新宠物的行为。此处名词作宾语， behave “表现”，动词，其名词是 behavior ，“行为”，不可数名词，故填 behavior 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
19．【答案】to
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：只有高级官员才能接触总统。have access to 固定短语，“获得，接近”，故填to。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语have access to。
20．【答案】to discuss/discussing
【知识点】动名词；固定句式；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：这个问题值得讨论。此句是固定句式，It is worthwhile doing/to do，“做......是值得的”，故填 to discuss/discussing 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定句式It is worthwhile doing/to do...。
21．【答案】for the first time
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：但当我15岁进入詹金斯先生的课堂时，我第一次真正对一门学科感兴趣。“ 第一次 ”应用 for the first time ，此处作状语，故填 for the first time 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语 for the first time 。
22．【答案】could attend
【知识点】虚拟语气；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：要是我昨天能参加会议就好了！“ 可以出席 ”用can attend 表达，if only后的谓语动词用虚拟语气，故填could attend 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及虚拟语气和if only的应用。
23．【答案】have access to
【知识点】一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：做一名教师的意义在于，当孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时，你可以接触到他们的思想。“ 有机会进入 ”应用 have access to ，此处是表语从句的谓语动词，结合时间状语从句 when they are open and eager to learn的时态，可知应用一般现在时，故填have access to 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语have access to。
24．【答案】to consider/considering his suggestion
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：他的建议值得考虑。此句是固定句式 It is worthwhile doing/to do...，“值得做......”，“ 考虑他的建议 ”用 consider his suggestion 表达，故答案为： to consider/considering his suggestion 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及固定句式 It is worthwhile doing/to do...。
25．【答案】used to believe
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：人们过去认为地球是平的。“ 曾相信 ”应用固定短语used to do ,“过去常常做......”，“相信”用 believe 表达，故填 used to believe 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语used to do。
26．【答案】what he can do
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：他很想挣些钱，但我看不出他能做什么。“ 他能做什么 ”是what引导的宾语从句，结合语境应用一般现在时，“他能做”用 he can do 表达，故答案为： what he can do 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句。
27．【答案】had followed
【知识点】虚拟语气；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：看看糟糕的结果。我要是听了你的建议就好了。“ 听从 ”用动词follow表达，if only后的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，结合语境是对过去情况的假设，应用过去完成时，故填 had followed 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及虚拟语气。
28．【答案】reading a newspaper
【知识点】动词现在分词；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：老人坐在桌子旁看报纸。“ 读报纸 ”用 read a newspaper 表达，此处是非谓语动词，与主语 the old man 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作伴随状语，故填 reading a newspaper 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
29．【答案】Not all people
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：不是所有的人都过着幸福的生活。“ 并非所有人 ”应用not all表示部分否定，故答案为： Not all people 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及部分否定的应用。
【答案】30．had made；31．to avoid；32．useful；33．earlier；34．happens；35．a；36．physically；37．whom；38．are surrounded；39．as
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人生充满了遗憾，随着年龄的增长，我们经常会回顾过去，希望我们之前做出了更好的选择，作者就如何避免将来遗憾提出了一些建议。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，主谓一致，冠词，定语从句，语态，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
30．句意：随着年龄的增长，我们常常回顾过去，希望我们在生活中做出了更好的选择。动词wish后用了that引导的宾语从句，从句缺乏谓语，这里是对过去情况的虚拟假设，是虚拟语气，因此wish后的从句用过去完成时，故填had made。
31．句意：那么，我们该怎么做才能避免将来的遗憾呢？此处用动词不定式短语作目的状语。故填to avoid。
32．句意：下面是一些您可能会发现有用的提示。先行词a few tips在定语从句you might find 3 (use)中作find的宾语，此处用形容词在从句中作宾语补足语。故填useful。
33．句意：越早越好。该句使用了“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”句型，意思是“越……，越……”。故填earlier。
34．句意：即使发生了意外的事情，你也可以有更多的时间来处理。此处从句缺乏谓语，全文时态以一般现在时为主，此处也用一般现在时，主语something unexpected是单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填happens。
35．句意：过一种更积极的生活。live a ... life固定短语，“过着……样的生活”，故填a。
36．句意：更多的户外活动可以让你身体和精神健康。空格中在句中作主语，用active的名词形式activity，由于activity前有More修饰，用其名词复数形式。故填activities。
37．句意：朋友是我们分享欢乐和悲伤的人。with we share joys and sorrows是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，限制先行词people，先行词是人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
38．句意：与乐观的人交朋友，如果你周围有乐观的人，你也会积极思考。此处用副作状语，修饰动词think，故填positively。
39．句意：相反，我们应该把失败当作学习和改进自己的机会。主语和宾语都是“we”，宾语用反身代词形式。故填ourselves。
【答案】40．B
41．A
42．D
43．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一开始，作者成绩比较差，受到了同学们的嘲笑。后来，经过作者的努力，成功跳级。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
40．考查推理判断。通过略读本篇文章可知，作者是找到了两个华盛顿，自己选择的并不是老师布置的任务的那个，因此写出来的文章令其他同学感到滑稽，可笑。根据第一段中的“Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”我自豪地读着我的话，环顾了一下房间，发现我的同学脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，眼里噙着泪水。也可推出作者的同学认为他的报告很可笑，故选B。
41．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before.”我飞快地回想起Lancelot小姐给我布置任务的那一天。这是我在新学校接受的第一个真正的任务。这看起来很简单:上网找一个叫乔治·华盛顿的人的信息。由于我的历史观来自于我祖国的一位古代老师，我以前从未听说过这个名字。可推知，作者是不熟悉美国历史才导致找错了华盛顿，故选A。
42．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong.”哦，好吧，我放下报纸，坐在书桌前，急切地想找出我做错了什么。可推知，burning意思是“急切地”。故选D。
43．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!”因此，我全心全意地投入了剩余学年的工作。十个月后，我发现自己和祖父坐在校长办公室里，正在进行一次完全不同的谈话，这一机会就出现了。当校长告诉我我可以选择跳过六年级时，我笑了，又回到了年初的尴尬时刻。正义是甜蜜的！可知，作者是认真学习，因此校长给他跳级的机会，也就是说最后学习取得了成功，发生了逆转，因此是通过自己的努力，故选B。
44．【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中学女生Tahay热爱写诗，坚持梦想不放弃的故事。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her ‘mouse'.”和第三段的内容，当她在学校被人戏弄时，她妈妈说“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.” 可知，C项是她妈妈的建议。故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.”她的团队借鉴了D.H. Laurence、Pat Mora和Kendrick Lamar等人创作自己生活的诗篇。诗描写了许多东西如一些乐趣和痛苦。可知，这些都是描写他们生活中的乐趣和痛苦的。故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“The first time Tahay read the group's poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). ‘I wish I could write like that,'”可知，当她第一次讲到这些诗时，她觉得她的脊梁发冷。“我希望我也能那样写，”。根据第二句说她也想写出这样的诗，可知她是羡慕的。故选B。
(4)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“But with time, her poems changed her. ‘They gave me pride,' Tahay said.”可知，写诗给了她自信和自豪感。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
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高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Relationships Lesson 1 Teachers同步练习
一、单词拼写
1．As we know, water is made up of h and oxygen.
【答案】hydrogen
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：众所周知，水是由氢和氧组成的。根据句意和首字母，应用 hydrogen “氢”，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 hydrogen 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
2．The fireworks rushed up into the sky, just like a (火箭) soaring up.
【答案】rocket
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：烟火像火箭一样冲向天空。“ 火箭 ”应用 rocket ，此处名词作介词宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 rocket 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
3．As a famous saying goes, it never rains but it (倾倒).
【答案】pours
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：正如一句名言所说，不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。“ 倾倒 ”应用 pour ，此处是谓语动词，结合语境应用一般现在时，主语是 it，谓语动词用单三式，故填 pours 。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时以及第三人称单数作主语。
4．Coal and gas are traditional f , but they bring lots of side effects too.
【答案】fuels
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：煤和天然气是传统燃料，但它们也带来了许多副作用。根据句意和首字母，应用 fuel “燃料”，可数名词，结合语境应用复数形式，此处作表语，故填 fuels 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
5．If you (缺乏) confidence in yourself, you won't do your work well.
【答案】lack
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你对自己缺乏信心，你就不会把工作做好。“ 缺乏 ”应用 lack ，此处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，故填 lack 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
6．Each class will give a (an) (报告) during the seminar in our school.
【答案】presentation
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们学校的研讨会上，每个班都会做一个演讲。“ 报告 ”应用 presentation ，此处名词作宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 presentation 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
7．The father is not satisfied with his son's rude (行为) in the public places.
【答案】behavior
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：父亲对儿子在公共场所的粗鲁行为不满意。“ 行为 ”应用 behavior ，不可数名词，此处作介词宾语，故填 behavior 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
8．The teacher saw the naughty boy (拖拉) his bag behind on the first day.
【答案】dragging
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：第一天，老师看见那个淘气的男孩拖着他的包走了。“ 拖拉 ”应用 drag ，此处现在分词作宾补，故填 dragging 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
9．All the citizens in our city have (进入) to this park without paying.
【答案】access
【知识点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们城市的所有市民都可以免费进入这个公园。“ 进入 ”应用 access ，此处作宾语，have access to固定短语，“进入”，故填 access 。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语have access to。
10．It is truly (值得) to work hard at our lessons when we are at school.
【答案】worthwhile
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们在学校的时候，努力学习是值得的。“ 值得 ”应用 worthwhile ，形容词，此处作表语 ，故填 worthwhile 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
二、单句语法填空
11．Let's be (practice) and work out the cost first.
【答案】practical
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：让我们实际一点，先计算成本。此处形容词作表语，故填 practical 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
12．She stared at the girl as if seeing her the first time.
【答案】for
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：她凝视着那个女孩，好像第一次见到她。for the first time固定短语，“首次，第一次”，故填for。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语for the first time。
13．When she heard the news, tears (pour) down his cheeks.
【答案】poured
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当她听到这个消息时，眼泪顺着他的脸颊流了下来。此处是谓语动词，根据 When she heard the news 的时态，可知应用一般过去时，故填 poured 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
14．The project was not completed lack of money.
【答案】for
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：由于缺乏资金，这个项目没有完成。for lack of，固定短语，“因缺少......”，故填 for 。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语for lack of。
15．The (present) of prizes began after the speeches.
【答案】presentation
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：演讲结束后开始颁奖。此处名词作主语， present “呈现，出示”动词，其名词是 presentation “演讲”，可数，结合语境应用单数形式，故填 presentation 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
16．I think the trouble will clear up in a couple days.
【答案】of
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：我想过几天问题就会解决。a couple of，固定短语，“一些，几个”，故填of。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语a couple of。
17．All I know is that she used (work) in a bank.
【答案】to work
【知识点】固定短语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：我只知道她过去在银行工作。used to do固定短语，“过去常常做.......”，故填 to work 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语used to do。
18．The boy observed the (behave) of the new pet.
【答案】behavior
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：男孩观察了新宠物的行为。此处名词作宾语， behave “表现”，动词，其名词是 behavior ，“行为”，不可数名词，故填 behavior 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
19．Only high officials have access the president.
【答案】to
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：只有高级官员才能接触总统。have access to 固定短语，“获得，接近”，故填to。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语have access to。
20．It is worthwhile (discuss) the problem.
【答案】to discuss/discussing
【知识点】动名词；固定句式；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：这个问题值得讨论。此句是固定句式，It is worthwhile doing/to do，“做......是值得的”，故填 to discuss/discussing 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定句式It is worthwhile doing/to do...。
三、完成句子
21．But when I was 15 and went into Mr. Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject (第一次).
【答案】for the first time
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：但当我15岁进入詹金斯先生的课堂时，我第一次真正对一门学科感兴趣。“ 第一次 ”应用 for the first time ，此处作状语，故填 for the first time 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语 for the first time 。
22．If only I (可以出席) the meeting yesterday!
【答案】could attend
【知识点】虚拟语气；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：要是我昨天能参加会议就好了！“ 可以出席 ”用can attend 表达，if only后的谓语动词用虚拟语气，故填could attend 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及虚拟语气和if only的应用。
23．The thing about being a teacher is that you (有机会进入) children's mind when they are open and eager to learn.
【答案】have access to
【知识点】一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：做一名教师的意义在于，当孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时，你可以接触到他们的思想。“ 有机会进入 ”应用 have access to ，此处是表语从句的谓语动词，结合时间状语从句 when they are open and eager to learn的时态，可知应用一般现在时，故填have access to 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语have access to。
24．It is worthwhile （考虑他的建议）.
【答案】to consider/considering his suggestion
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：他的建议值得考虑。此句是固定句式 It is worthwhile doing/to do...，“值得做......”，“ 考虑他的建议 ”用 consider his suggestion 表达，故答案为： to consider/considering his suggestion 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及固定句式 It is worthwhile doing/to do...。
25．People (曾相信)that the earth was flat.
【答案】used to believe
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：人们过去认为地球是平的。“ 曾相信 ”应用固定短语used to do ,“过去常常做......”，“相信”用 believe 表达，故填 used to believe 。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语used to do。
26．He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see . (他能做什么).
【答案】what he can do
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：他很想挣些钱，但我看不出他能做什么。“ 他能做什么 ”是what引导的宾语从句，结合语境应用一般现在时，“他能做”用 he can do 表达，故答案为： what he can do 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及what引导的宾语从句。
27．Look at the bad results. If only I (听从) your advice.
【答案】had followed
【知识点】虚拟语气；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：看看糟糕的结果。我要是听了你的建议就好了。“ 听从 ”用动词follow表达，if only后的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，结合语境是对过去情况的假设，应用过去完成时，故填 had followed 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及虚拟语气。
28．The old man sat at the table (读报纸).
【答案】reading a newspaper
【知识点】动词现在分词；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：老人坐在桌子旁看报纸。“ 读报纸 ”用 read a newspaper 表达，此处是非谓语动词，与主语 the old man 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作伴随状语，故填 reading a newspaper 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
29． (并非所有人) live a happy life.
【答案】Not all people
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：不是所有的人都过着幸福的生活。“ 并非所有人 ”应用not all表示部分否定，故答案为： Not all people 。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及部分否定的应用。
四、语法填空
语法填空
Life is filled with regrets. As we get older, we often look back and wish that we 30． (make) better choices in our life before. So what can we do 31． (avoid) future regrets The following are a few tips that you might find 32． (use).
Make plans in advance. If you start to do something, you need to make a plan before doing it. The 33． (early), the better. You should know what comes first and what comes last. Even if something unexpected 34． (happen), you can have more time to deal with it.
Live 35． more active life. More outdoor activities can keep you healthy both 36． (physical) and mentally.
Make good friends. Everyone needs friends. Friends are people with 37． we share joys and sorrows. Make friends with optimistic people, and you'll also think positively if you 38． (surround) with them.
Never fear failure. Everybody fails, even the greatest people in the world. We should not fear failure. Instead, we should take failure 39． a chance to learn and improve ourselves.
Life is so good. Why should we always live in our past and regret what we have done
【答案】30．had made；31．to avoid；32．useful；33．earlier；34．happens；35．a；36．physically；37．whom；38．are surrounded；39．as
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人生充满了遗憾，随着年龄的增长，我们经常会回顾过去，希望我们之前做出了更好的选择，作者就如何避免将来遗憾提出了一些建议。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，主谓一致，冠词，定语从句，语态，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
30．句意：随着年龄的增长，我们常常回顾过去，希望我们在生活中做出了更好的选择。动词wish后用了that引导的宾语从句，从句缺乏谓语，这里是对过去情况的虚拟假设，是虚拟语气，因此wish后的从句用过去完成时，故填had made。
31．句意：那么，我们该怎么做才能避免将来的遗憾呢？此处用动词不定式短语作目的状语。故填to avoid。
32．句意：下面是一些您可能会发现有用的提示。先行词a few tips在定语从句you might find 3 (use)中作find的宾语，此处用形容词在从句中作宾语补足语。故填useful。
33．句意：越早越好。该句使用了“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”句型，意思是“越……，越……”。故填earlier。
34．句意：即使发生了意外的事情，你也可以有更多的时间来处理。此处从句缺乏谓语，全文时态以一般现在时为主，此处也用一般现在时，主语something unexpected是单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填happens。
35．句意：过一种更积极的生活。live a ... life固定短语，“过着……样的生活”，故填a。
36．句意：更多的户外活动可以让你身体和精神健康。空格中在句中作主语，用active的名词形式activity，由于activity前有More修饰，用其名词复数形式。故填activities。
37．句意：朋友是我们分享欢乐和悲伤的人。with we share joys and sorrows是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，限制先行词people，先行词是人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
38．句意：与乐观的人交朋友，如果你周围有乐观的人，你也会积极思考。此处用副作状语，修饰动词think，故填positively。
39．句意：相反，我们应该把失败当作学习和改进自己的机会。主语和宾语都是“we”，宾语用反身代词形式。故填ourselves。
五、阅读理解
阅读理解
Proudly
reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing
big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward
my stone faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had
slaved over, hoping to hide myself. "What could be causing everyone to act
this way ''
Quickly,
I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first
real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and
find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history
came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name
before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there
were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One
invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army
across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I
called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip (掷) a coin. Heads — the
commander, and tails — the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the
great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
Weeks
later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I
lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I
had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, "My
report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution."
The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George
Washington
Obviously,
my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I
talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re dos; no new grade. I felt that
the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance.
Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school
year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the
headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different
conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the
beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the
sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
40．What did the author's classmates think about his report
A．Controversial. B．Ridiculous. C．Boring. D．Puzzling.
41．Why was the author confused about the task
A．He was unfamiliar with American history.
B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.
C．He forgot his teacher's instruction.
D．He was new at the school.
42．The underlined word "burning" in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．annoyed B．ashamed C．ready D．eager
43．In the end, the author turned things around ________.
A．by redoing his task
B．through his own efforts
C．with the help of his grandfather
D．under the guidance of his headmaster
【答案】40．B
41．A
42．D
43．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一开始，作者成绩比较差，受到了同学们的嘲笑。后来，经过作者的努力，成功跳级。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
40．考查推理判断。通过略读本篇文章可知，作者是找到了两个华盛顿，自己选择的并不是老师布置的任务的那个，因此写出来的文章令其他同学感到滑稽，可笑。根据第一段中的“Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”我自豪地读着我的话，环顾了一下房间，发现我的同学脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，眼里噙着泪水。也可推出作者的同学认为他的报告很可笑，故选B。
41．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before.”我飞快地回想起Lancelot小姐给我布置任务的那一天。这是我在新学校接受的第一个真正的任务。这看起来很简单:上网找一个叫乔治·华盛顿的人的信息。由于我的历史观来自于我祖国的一位古代老师，我以前从未听说过这个名字。可推知，作者是不熟悉美国历史才导致找错了华盛顿，故选A。
42．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong.”哦，好吧，我放下报纸，坐在书桌前，急切地想找出我做错了什么。可推知，burning意思是“急切地”。故选D。
43．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!”因此，我全心全意地投入了剩余学年的工作。十个月后，我发现自己和祖父坐在校长办公室里，正在进行一次完全不同的谈话，这一机会就出现了。当校长告诉我我可以选择跳过六年级时，我笑了，又回到了年初的尴尬时刻。正义是甜蜜的！可知，作者是认真学习，因此校长给他跳级的机会，也就是说最后学习取得了成功，发生了逆转，因此是通过自己的努力，故选B。
44．（2018·郑州模拟）阅读理解
US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school. Her skin is dark, her accent is thick, and if you ask her, she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of. Tahay is a poet, and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.
When she is on the stage, audiences often go silent. They also laugh, shout and cry. But this doesn't come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America. When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her “mouse”.
“How do I defend myself ” Tahay thought. “I don't know how.”
“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.”
She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVDs: English without Barriers.
Tahay's elder brother, Elmer, persuaded her to go to the after-school poetry club. In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High School's poetry program into one of the most respected in the city. Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.
The first time Tahay read the group's poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). “I wish I could write like that,” she thought. “I want to say something.”
She wrote her first poem about her first year in America. She called it Invisible. The day her turn came to recite in front of the team, she broke down crying. She cried for 15 minutes. “I had so much held in,” Tahay said. “I couldn't even finish it.”
But she kept at it despite her less-than-perfect grammar, spelling and diction (措辞). Still, she wouldn't tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.
But with time, her poems changed her. “They gave me pride,” Tahay said. “They told me that I'm worth something.”
“She had this innocence,” Kurnick said. “This willingness to be genuine and show you things you don't ever see.”
（1）What did Tahay's mother suggest she do when she was teased by others
A．Fight with them bravely.
B．Report them to her teachers.
C．Ignore them and keep going.
D．Try hard to make friends with them.
（2）What are the themes of Tahay and her team's poems
A．Their admiration for the great poets.
B．Their appreciation of natural beauty.
C．Their expectations of a better future.
D．Funny and painful stories about their lives.
（3）How did Tahay probably feel when she first read the group's poems
A．She was cold. B．She was excited.
C．She was nervous. D．She was frightened.
（4）How did Tahay benefit from writing poems
A．She felt more confident about herself.
B．She won many national poetry competitions.
C．She became the first student poet in the city.
D．She improved her grammar and spelling greatly.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中学女生Tahay热爱写诗，坚持梦想不放弃的故事。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her ‘mouse'.”和第三段的内容，当她在学校被人戏弄时，她妈妈说“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.” 可知，C项是她妈妈的建议。故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.”她的团队借鉴了D.H. Laurence、Pat Mora和Kendrick Lamar等人创作自己生活的诗篇。诗描写了许多东西如一些乐趣和痛苦。可知，这些都是描写他们生活中的乐趣和痛苦的。故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“The first time Tahay read the group's poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). ‘I wish I could write like that,'”可知，当她第一次讲到这些诗时，她觉得她的脊梁发冷。“我希望我也能那样写，”。根据第二句说她也想写出这样的诗，可知她是羡慕的。故选B。
(4)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“But with time, her poems changed her. ‘They gave me pride,' Tahay said.”可知，写诗给了她自信和自豪感。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
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