(共21张PPT)
第三课时 数 词
第二章
考点突破
考点1 数词的定义与分类
数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如one,five,ten,thirty,sixty-five;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如first,sixth,tenth,twenty-first。数词用法相当于名词和形容词,在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语等。
( A )①—How old is your son?
— .And today is his birthday.
A.Twelve;twelfth B.Twelfth;twelve
C.Twelve;twelve D.Twelfth;twelfth
A
( B )②Both of the two rulers are broken.I want to buy a one.
A.three B.third C.fourth D./
B
考点2 基数词
1.英语中没有“万”这个读数单位,要表示汉语中的“万”,需借用thousand一词,如“一万”用ten thousand表示,“十万”用one hundred thousand表示。
2.用作基数词单位的hundred,thousand,million,billion通常不带复数词尾-s,但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指,则要用复数形式,后接of,表示概数。
eg:About two thousand people visit the museum every day.
每天大约有2000人参观这座博物馆。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year.
每年成千上万的人到海边去。
3.用整十的基数词的复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。其结构为:in one’s+整十的数词复数(在某人几十多岁时);in the+年份-s(在……世纪……年代)。
eg:He is in his early twenties.
他才二十出头。
This story took place in the 1930s.
这个故事发生在20世纪30年代。
②There are forty (四十) students in our class,twenty boys and twenty girls.
forty
( B )① tourists come to China every year.
A.Thousands B.Thousands of
C.Thousand D.Thousand of
B
考点3 序数词
1.许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加-th构成的,如four—fourth,six—sixth,ten—tenth,sixteen—sixteenth。但是nine的序数词是ninth,而不是nineth。
2.twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth等表示整十的序数词,由相应的基数词将词尾y变为ie,再加-th 构成。
3.first,second,third 通常可缩写为1st,2nd,3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”,如4th,5th,9th,11th,60th,128th。
4.非整十的多位数,将个位数变成序数词即可,如twenty-first(第二十一),thirty-sixth(第三十六),ninety-ninth(第九十九),three hundred and sixty-fifth(第三百六十五)。
5.hundred,thousand,million等的序数词形式为hundredth,thousandth,millionth等。
6.序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。
eg:My room is on the second floor and his is on the third.
我的房间在二楼,他的房间在三楼。
He was third in the long jump.
他在跳远比赛中得了第三名。
7.序数词前也可加不定冠词a或者an,表示“又一,再一”。
eg:Would you like to come to Beijing a second time?你还愿意来北京吗?
①My cousin lives on the twentieth (第二十) floor.
twentieth
( B )②Mother’s Day is on the Sunday in May every year.
A.two B.second
C.six D.sixth
B
考点4 数词的其他用法
1.分数
分数由基数词和序数词合成。分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子是1时,分母(序数词)用单数形式;分子大于1时,分母用复数形式。
eg:1/4→one fourth/one quarter
3/4→three fourths/three quarters
2.小数
整数与小数之间用小数点隔开。读小数时,每位数字(特别是小数点后面的)要单独读出。小数点读作point,零读作zero。如果整数是零,往往不读出。
eg:0.1→zero point one/point one
2.25→two point two five
3.百分数
百分数用下面形式表示:
5%→5 percent读作five percent
4.时刻表达法
表示时刻有两种说法:
(1)先说分钟,后说钟点。如果过了半点,用to,反之用past。
eg:It’s five past seven now.
现在是7点5分。
It’s twenty-five to five now.
现在是4点35分。
(2)先说钟点,后说分钟。
eg:It’s six thirty now.现在是6点30分。
5.数词与其他词的连用
(1)half的用法
①“half a/an+名词”或“a half+名词”表示“一半……”。
eg:half a kilo 半公斤 half an hour 半小时
②“一个半小时”的表达法:
one hour and a half/one and a half hours
(2)“基数词+单数名词+形容词”(两两之间用连字符连接)在句中作定语修饰名词。
eg:She is a five-year-old Chinese girl.
她是一个5岁的中国女孩。
(3)基数词和序数词都可以用来修饰数字编号。
eg:Lesson Three=the third lesson第三课
(4)基数词+more=another+基数词,表示“还……,再……”。
eg:Give me two more books.=Give me another two books.再给我两本书。
( C )①I thought of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam easy.
A.two thirds;was B.second three;were
C.two thirds;were D.two third;were
C
( A )②(2018·白银)The number“23,456”can be read as“ ”.
A.twenty-three thousand,four hundred and fifty-six
B.twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six
C.two three thousand and four five six
D.two three thousand,four and five six
A
备考演练
一、单项选择
( A )1.(2022·武威)—This will be my visit to the Great Wall.I’m really excited.
—Really?I can’t believe you’ve never been there yet.You arrived in Beijing almost a year ago!
A.first B.second
C.third D.fourth
A
( D )2.(2022·天水麦积区模拟)The tower was built years ago.
A.hundred of B.two hundreds
C.two hundred of D.hundreds of
( B )3.(2022·武威模拟) of the news written in English on the Internet.
A.Three quarters;are
B.Three quarters;is
C.Three quarter;are
D.Three quarter;is
D
B
( D )4.(2018·天水)—How do you say“1:57”in English?
—It’s .
A.three past two
B.fifty-seven past one
C.three to one
D.three to two
D
( C )5.(2022·黔东南州)— is the population of Guizhou?
—It has more than people.
A.How much;thirty-eight millions of
B.How many;thirty-eight million of
C.What;thirty-eight million
D.How large;thirty-eight millions
C
( C )6.(2022·哈尔滨)Here is a survey about how to be a good learner among 400 students.According to the form below, students have chosen “Learning from mistakes” as their key words.
Key words Making plans Taking notes Asking questions Learning from mistakes
Percentage(百分比) 20% 10% 30% ?
A.80 B.120 C.160
C
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2020·武威)It’s never too old to learn.Karl Max began to learn Russian in his fifties (fifty).
2.(2020·兰州)We will hold a party for my sister’s seventh (seven) birthday.
3.(2022·甘肃)I go to a chess club twice (two) a week.
4.(2020·兰州一诊)The Yangtze River is the third (three) longest river in the world.
5.(2021·武威)The old man lives on the eighth (eight) floor.
6.(2022·兰州一诊)I go to the movies with my family once (one) a month.
fifties
seventh
twice
third
eighth
once