YL英 语 选修11
【美文阅读】
5 Tips to Find the Perfect Career for You
人们常常觉得自己的工作不适合自己，那么如何找到适合自己的工作呢？只要你学会这5招……
These days job dissatisfaction(不满意) is one of the most common problems among people.Now I will tell you about 5 tips that can help you find the perfect job.
1．Know yourself：One of the biggest reasons for job dissatisfaction is that people find themselves doing things that don't suit their personalities.If you are an introvert(内向的人) then certainly working as a sales person or in any job that forces you to interact with dozens of people each day will leave you feeling unhappy.Understand your personality well to know what career suites you the most.
2．Don't follow the crowd：The second reason people hate their jobs is that they follow the crowd without really thinking about what they want.A common example is when a person who prefers to work alone finds himself in a job that requires team work.
3．Handle unwanted emotions：Sometimes people don't hate their jobs for the tasks they do but for the emotions they experience while doing the job.For example，some people hate their jobs because of the amounts of stress they experience while doing them.In such a case learning how to handle stress will help you become more satisfied with your job.
4．Find your hobbies and stick to them：The best thing you can ever do for yourself to find a great job is to develop your hobbies and to try to make a career out of them.
5．It's OK to change your job：Some people will give you a shocked look when you tell them to change their jobs.What's the point in sticking to a job that is making you sad while you can take a single step towards a job that can make you live a happier life? You must weigh the fear of uncertainty of changing careers with the fear of what certainly be a lifetime full of dissatisfaction and frustration by spending the majority of your life at a job that you hate.Do the math.
【诱思导学】
1．What is the purpose of the writer writing this passage?
2．Which of the five tips do you think is the most important? Why?
3．What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph according to the passage?
【答案】 1.To tell about 5 tips that can help people find the perfect job.
2．The first one.Because understanding my personality well can make me know what career suites me the most.
3．仔细考虑一下吧。(do the math是一个习惯用法，意思是“请别人为自己算算看，仔细演算”，引申义为做决定之前“仔细考虑”。)
Period ⅠPreviewing
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P2的Reading部分，并根据其内容完成表格(每空不超过3个词)
Title：So many jobs to choose from
Categories
Examples
1.
Disadvantages
Popular careers
Models，actors，lawyers or 2. .
These jobs can be important，exciting，3. or interesting.
They can be dull，difficult and sometimes，the people will be under 4. .
More 5. jobs
People 6. ，designing fireworks or testing rides for parks.
These jobs are usually interesting.
They are not 7. .
Everyday jobs
8. ，drivers，barbers，or cleaners.
They benefit our society a lot，such as keeping streets clean，stopping 9. .
They are 10. .
【答案】 1.Advantages 2.business persons/businessmen 3.well-paid 4.huge pressure 5.unusual
6．checking noise pollution 7.popular 8.Shopkeepers
9．disease spreading 10.ordinary and dull
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P2的Reading部分，并从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Choose the proper meaning of the word “reflect” in Line 1.
A．show clearly B．throw back
C．think carefully
2．According to the text，which job looks dull but is actually very important?
A．a beer taster B．a shop assistant
C．a lawyer
3．Which of the following sentences expresses the author's negative attitude?
A．These jobs may not seem very attractive，but they are all important.
B．Some ordinary jobs can be quite important.
C．It does not seem that glamorous now，does it?
4．Why do the people with unusual jobs like their jobs so much?
A．Because these jobs will bring them good fame.
B．Because these jobs are of great interest to them.
C．Because these jobs offer them high salaries.
5．It can be inferred from the passage that .
A．the author is in favor of popular careers
B．the author thinks whatever jobs people hold，they all play a certain part in our society
C．the author thinks ordinary jobs are less important
【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B
Ⅲ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
consider；ambition；career；allow；fun_ction；stress and pressure；suited to；taste beers；be necessary to；think about
The last year of high school is a time for you to think about your future 1. after graduation.When you choose a job，there are many aspects you should 2. .Some jobs may seem dull but are very important to society，while others can appear exciting but are actually very hard and boring.
Some popular professions for young people include careers in law or business.Many people have 3. to be a successful lawyer or a business person，but they ignore the 4. that these jobs bring them.
On the other hand，some people find more unusual jobs that are better 5. their talents and interests，such as checking noise pollution in the park zone，6. at a brewery and designing fireworks.
In the same way，many ordinary jobs may not seem attractive，but they 7. our society，such as shop assistants，barbers and so on.They perform such ordinary but vital tasks，8. people to go about their own lives.
In conclusion，when 9. your future careers，you should remember that some glamorous jobs can be difficult and some ordinary jobs can be quite important.All of them together，though，help society 10. .
【答案】 1.careers 2.consider 3.ambitions 4.stress and pressure 5.suited to 6.tasting beers 7.are necessary to 8.allowing 9.thinking about 10.fun_ction
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．suited A．as the truth or facts of a situation
2．actually B．right or appropriate for a
particular person，purpose，or
situation
3．so-called C．a thing that is or may be chosen
4．baggage D．personal belongings packed in
suitcases for travelling；luggage
5．option E．used to show something or
someone is designated by the name
specified
6．zone F．the owner and manager of a shop
7．barber G．an area of land having a
particular purpose，or use to
particular restrictions
8．shopkeeper H．a person who cuts men's hair and
shaves beards as an occupation
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.C 6.G 7.H 8.F
Ⅱ.短语填空
be suited to；in reality；deal with；be on a diet；on the other hand；go through；clear up；go about
1．The way in which you'll the task really matters.
2．There are many difficulties to be when starting a new business.
3．I don't think this work beginners.
4．That's twice today that room has been .
5．When he was a child，he one hardship after another.
6．Supermodels look so thin because they all the time.
【答案】 1.go about 2.dealt with 3.is suited to
4．cleared up 5.went through 6.are on a diet
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．When choosing a career，you should consider all the aspects of a job.
当你选择一个职业时，你应该考虑这个工作的每一方面。
2．In reality，these people have to spend long hours travelling，with all their baggage packed in suitcases or trunks，and only a very small number of them are successful.
实际上，这些人不得不把所有的行李都塞进手提箱或大箱子，花很长时间在路上奔波，而且其中只有极少数是成功的。
3．He was living by a stream in a tent surrounded by technical equipment，and his only neighbours were the birds and squirrels in the nearby trees.
他住在小溪边的帐篷里，四周都是技术仪器，而且他唯一的邻居是附近树丛中的鸟儿和松鼠。
4．For example，if no one was to collect the rubbish，the streets would soon become very dirty，the number of rats would increase，and disease would spread.
例如，如果没人来收垃圾，街道很快会变得非常肮脏，老鼠的数量会增加，疾病会传播。
5．These people，who perform such ordinary but vital tasks，allow others to go about their daily lives.
这些人做着此类平凡却不可少的工作，使其他人得以继续他们的日常生活。
Period ⅡWelcome to the unit & Reading
1．reflect vt.& vi.反射(光、热、声或影像)；考虑；表达；反映
The last year of high school is a time for hard work and also a time to reflect.(P2)
高中最后一年是勤奋学习的时刻，也是认真思考的时刻。
His face was reflected in the mirror.
镜子中映出他的脸。
Does this letter reflect how you really think?
这封信反映你的真实想法吗？
reflect back 反射回来
reflect...in 通过……反映……；在……中反射或反映出……
reflect on/upon 反省；考虑
reflection n．映象，倒影；深思，考虑；反射；回响
The condition of the house is reflected in its low price.
这所房子的状况可以通过其低廉的价格反映出来。
She paused to reflect on what she had achieved.
她停下来，回想自己所取得的成绩。
A moment's reflection will show you are wrong.
只要略加考虑就可看出你错了。
【教师备课资源】
be lost in reflection陷入沉思中
on reflection经再三思考
a reflection of……的反映，显示
【对接高考】
(2010·湖北高考)Just as the clothes a person wears，the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time，his house his personality.
A．resembles B．strengthens
C．reflects D．shapes
【解析】 句意：正如一个人穿什么、吃什么、以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样，一个人的住房也是如此。resemble (表示同类中的)相似，相同；strengthen 加强；shape 塑造，(使)成型；这三项均不合题意。
【答案】 C
完成句子
①我需要时间来思考你的建议。
I need some time to your suggestion.
②大海反射出明亮的阳光。
The sea the bright sunlight.
③军事力量的变化也在国际金融界得到了反映。
The shift in the balance of forces international finance，too.
【答案】 ①reflect on ②reflects back ③is reflected in
2．When choosing a career，you should consider all the aspects of a job.(P2)当你选择一个职业时，你应该考虑这个工作的每一方面。
when choosing为“连词＋分词”结构，这个结构补充完整应该为when you are choosing，在状语从句中，如果主从句主语一致或从句主语是it，并且从句的谓语动词有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
When crossing the road，you should be careful.
过马路的时候，你要小心点。
Once bitten by a snake，one should be taken to hospital immediately.
一旦被蛇咬，就应当立刻被送往医院。
【教师备课资源】
连词＋介词短语
连词＋形容词
连词＋不定式
完成句子
①过街时注意车辆。
Look out for cars .
②有人问她时，她说她将要退休。
，she said that she was going to retire.
【答案】 ①when crossing the street ②When asked
3．suited adj.合适；适当
In this article，I am going to discuss some of the choices available to you and which jobs are best suited to you：popular careers，more unusual jobs or everyday jobs.(P2)
在本文中，我将谈论一些你可以选择的工作以及你更适合做热门工作、特殊工作还是普通工作这个问题。
Jim and Mary seem suited to each other，in spite of their quarrels.吉姆和玛丽虽然常争吵，可两人看起来很相配。
He was not really suited for army life.
他不太适合军队生活。
be suited to/for 适合……；对……来说适合
be suited to do...适合做某事
suit v．适合于(某人) ；使满意 n．一套衣服
suit...to...使……与……相适合
The man is not suited to be a teacher.＝The man is not suited for/to teaching.这个人不适合教书。
These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
这些式样可以加以更改，以适合个人的喜好。
【教师备课资源】
suitable adj.适当的；适宜的；恰当的
be suitable for 对……适合
be suitable to 适合于……
用suit的适当形式填空
①The program is not for children.
②The piece of cloth will cut up into three .
③A good teacher his lessons to the age of his students.
【答案】 ①suited ②suits ③suits
4．Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society，while others can appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring.(P2)有一些工作可能看上去很枯燥，但对社会却非常重要；而另外一些工作可能看上去很令人振奋，但实际上很难做，甚至很无聊。
(1)while作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表前后意义上的对比或转折。
There's plenty of rain in the southeast，while there's little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。
Some people waste food while others haven't enough.
有些人浪费食物，然而有些人却吃不饱。
while引导时间状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词或表示状态的词。
while引导让步状语从句时，多用于句首。意为“尽管；虽然”。
while引导条件状语从句时，意思是“只要”。
while可用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。
While he loves his students，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are closely united.
只要我们紧密地团结一致，一定能克服这些困难。
I haven't seen her for along while.
我好久没有看见她了。
【对接高考】
(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery another man，also intelligent，fails.
A．since B．if
C．as D．while
【解析】 本题考查从属连词和并列连词的区别。句意：不清楚为什么一个人会有重大发现，而另外一个同样聪明的人却失败了。根据句意断定，该题的空格处需要填入一个并列连词。while具有并列连词的属性，表示“转折和对比”，正好符合句式结构和语意逻辑。故答案选D。其他三个选项都没有这种属性和功能，所以可以排除。
【答案】 D
完成句子
①有些人喜欢咖啡，而有些人喜欢茶。
Some people like coffee， .
②当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。
，George came in.
③只要生命存在，就有希望。
there is hope.
【答案】 ①while others like tea ②While the discussion was still going on ③While there is life
(2)actually adv.实际上；事实上
Did you actually see him break the window?
你真的看到他打破窗户了吗？
She was so angry that she actually tore up the letter.
她一气之下竟然将信撕碎了。
完成句子
④她看上去年轻，可是实际上已五十岁了。
She looks young，but .
【答案】 she's actually 50
5．In reality，these people have to spend long hours travelling，with all their baggage packed in suitcases or trunks，and only a very small number of them are successful.(P2)实际上，这些人不得不把所有的行李都塞进手提箱或大箱子，花很长时间在路上奔波，而且其中只有极少数是成功的。
(1)in reality事实上；实际上
The house looks very old，but in reality it is quite new.
这房子看起来很旧，实际上却很新。
The people here don't believe him in reality.
事实上这里的人都不相信他。
【提示】 同义词：actually，in fact，in nature，in practice，as a matter of fact。
句型转换
①We thought he was serious but actually he was joking.
＝We thought he was serious but
he was joking.
【答案】 in reality/in fact/in nature/in practice/as a matter of fact
(2)英语中的with复合结构，即with＋宾语＋宾语补足语。
with their luggage packed属于“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，在句中作状语，表伴随。luggage与pack构成动宾关系或者说是被动关系，所以使用with sth.done结构。
With nothing left to burn，the fire became weak and died out.
因为没有东西可烧，火势减弱，逐渐熄灭。
①with＋名词＋分词/分词短语。判断用现在分词还是过去分词，应根据名词与分词之间的关系。如果名词与分词之间是主动关系就用现在分词；若名词与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词。
②with＋名词＋不定式。不定式表示尚未发生的动作。此结构中不定式与名词之间存在动宾关系，但不定式多用主动式。
③with＋名词＋介词短语/形容词/副词。
With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
有那么多的人天天用英语交流，熟练掌握英语会变得越来越重要。
With a lot of homework to do，I can't play football with my friends.
有这么多的作业要做，我不能跟朋友们踢足球。
Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。
The square looks even more beautiful with all lights on.
所有的灯都亮着，广场显得更加漂亮。
【对接高考】
(2012·辽宁高考)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.
A．to follow B．following
C．followed D．follows
【解析】 句意：这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在花园里散步。在with的复合结构中，宾语their pet dog 与宾语补足语之间为主动关系，故用following作宾语补足语。
【答案】 B
完成句子
②贼被双手捆绑着带进了派出所。
The thief was forced into the police station with .
③有许多事要处理，我不得不夜以继日地工作。
With ，I have to work day and night.
④她开着窗户睡觉。
She sleeps with .
【答案】 ②his hands tied back ③many things to deal with ④the window open
6．deal with处理；对待；论述；涉及
Meanwhile those who are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention.(P2)
与此同时，那些成功并出了名的人还要应对无休止的媒体的关注。
I don't know how to deal with the problem.
我不知道如何处理这个问题。
This book deals with problems of pollution.
这本书论述污染问题。
deal in 从事于；经营；做……买卖
deal out 分配；给予；执行
deal well with sb.待某人好
That shop deals in men's clothing.
那家商店经营男士服装。
A judge must deal out justice to all men，needn't he?
法官必须对每个人都公正，不是吗？
【提示】 ①deal with作“对付，处理”之意时，可用于各种句型中，而do with只有和what连用时才能表示“怎样处理……”的意思，其他情况下的do with不表示此意。所以在表示“怎样处理……”时，do with与what连用，而deal with则与how搭配使用。
②deal的过去式和过去分词都是dealt。
完成句子
①那件事需要处理了。
That matter needs .
②他在大会上做了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。
He made a speech at the conference， folk music.
③这个问题你怎样处理？
How do you this problem？＝What do you this problem?
【答案】 ①to be dealt with/dealing with ②dealing with ③deal with；do with
7．pressure n．压力；压迫
They are also under huge pressure to appear young and beautiful.(P2)
他们为显得年轻漂亮也承受着巨大的压力。
He changed his mind under the pressure from others.
他在别人的逼迫之下改变了主意。
The economic pressures on small businesses are intense.
小企业的经济压力很大。
under pressure在压力下
put pressure on 给……施加压力
relieve/reduce pressure on 缓解某人的压力
give in to pressure 屈从于压力
Several factors will put pressure on food prices.
给食品价格造成压力的因素有好几个。
Soft plastic base can relieve pressure on foot and reduce tiredness.
柔软的塑胶底可以缓解足部压力，从而减轻疲劳。
完成句子
①我们将永不屈从于压力。
We will never .
②你在压力下能做得很出色吗？
Can you work well ？
③我们试图对政府施加压力以使其改变这一法令。
We are trying to the government to change the law.
【答案】 ①give in to pressure ②under pressure
③put pressure on
8．option n．选择；选修课；供选择的事物
Maybe a career as a local grocer would be a better option.(P2)
可能做一名当地杂货店的店主是更好的选择。
You will have to pay them；you have no option.
你必须付给他们钱，别无选择。
The government has two options：to reduce spending or to increase taxes.
政府有两种选择的办法：或是减少开支，或是增加税收。
have no option but to (do) 除了……以外没有他法；只好
leave to one's option 任由某人选择
have the option of doing...可以选择做某事
optional adj.任选的；随意的
He has no option but to pay up.
他别无选择，只能付账。
You have the option of taking your holiday early.
你可以选择提前度假。
The goods are optional，but only one.
这些物品是可以任选的，但只能选一个。
【提示】 have no option but to do sth.＝have no choice/alternative but to do sth.
完成句子
①我们别无选择，只好留下他们，自己离开。
We without them.
②说到数学，你没有选择的余地，因为它不是选修课。
When it comes to maths，you have no because it is not an subject.
【答案】 ①had no option/choice/alternative but to leave ②option；optional
9．As we go through our daily lives，we meet many different kinds of people —...and cleaners，who clear up our rubbish.(P3)
在我们所经历的日常生活中，我们接触到许多不同种类的人，……及清理我们的垃圾的清洁工。
(1)go through 遭受；经历；仔细检查；完成；通过某场所
The river goes through the city.
这条河流穿过这个城市。
With great concentration she went through the movements.
她聚精会神地做完这些动作。
go down 下降；倒下
go with 伴随；跟……相配；协调
go against 违背；反对；抵抗
go in for 参加；喜欢
That'll go against the traffic regulations.
那要违反交通规则的。
I'll go with him as far as the bus stop.
我陪他到公共汽车站。
完成句子
①他们在海关仔细检查了我们的行李。
They our luggage at the customs.
②孩提时代，他经历了一个又一个的艰难困苦。
When he was a child，he one hardship after another.
【答案】 ①went through ②went through
(2)clear up 整理；收拾；(天气)转晴；消除
Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?
客人到来之前，请拾掇一下这个房间好吗？
The sky is dark now，but I think it will clear up soon.
现在天色阴沉，不过我想马上就会转晴的。
They hope to clear the matter up quickly.
他们希望很快就能把事情弄个水落石出。
clear away 收拾干净(餐具)；扫除；消散
clear off清理；清算(债务)；(使)离开
clear out 清除；使耗尽全部钱财；售出存货
The football match came to an end，and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground.
足球赛结束了，人群很快从球场散去。
Go into the field and clear those boys off.
到田里去，把那些男孩赶走。
Clear out things in this cupboard，please.
请把这个碗橱里的东西都清除掉。
完成句子
③吃完晚饭后，请你将厨房收拾干净。
When you finish your dinner，please .
④天空正慢慢变得晴朗了。
The sky is .
⑤雾消散了，整个月亮出现了。
The fog
and the full moon appeared.
【答案】 ③clear up the kitchen ④clearing up
⑤cleared away
10．go about忙于某事；继续做某事；着手做某事
These people，who perform such ordinary but vital tasks，allow people to go about their daily lives.(P3)
就是这些做着看似普通实际上却很重要的工作的人们使其他人能够继续他们的日常生活。
The way with which you'll go about the task really matters.你做这件事要采用的方法的确很重要。
How shall I go about finding a job?
我们该怎样着手找份工作呢？
go about 到处走动；流传；改变方向
go by 经过；(时间，机会)过去
go out出去；熄灭；被发行
go over 复习；检查
go through 经过；审查；经历；完成
A story is going about that our town will soon be turned into a city.
据说我们这个镇不久就会变为城市。
Time went by slowly.时间慢慢逝去。
One of the plane's engines went out.
飞机的一个发动机熄火了。
【教师备课资源】
go against 反对；违背
go ahead 先走，干吧，开始干
go away 离去；带走；拐逃(with)
go back 回去，追溯到(to)
go with 陪……同行；同……一致(协调)
go without没有……也忍受过去
用适当的介词或副词填空
①You're not going that job in the right way.
②She went the room but couldn't find the missing ring.
③All the invitations for the party have now gone .
【答案】 ①about ②through ③out
11．All of these jobs together，though，help society fun_ction.(P3)然而，所有这些工作加在一起，有助于社会的运作。
(1)本句中though 用作副词，意为“可是；不过”，一般放在句末(不放在句首)。
It's hard work；I enjoy it though.
工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。
He is looking fit，though.但他看起来很健康。
though还可用作连词，表示“虽然”，与although大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式。
though 引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但 although 一般不这样用。
Though/Although it was raining，we went there.
虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。
Child though he was，he did quite well.
他虽是孩子，但干得很好。
【提示】 although 一般不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词。在 as though(好像，仿佛)，even though(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用 although。
用though和although填空
① we are poor，we are still happy.
②You can count on him， .
③He is an honest man，I must say，even I have opposed him.
④Poor I am，I can afford it.
【答案】 ①Though/Although ②though ③though
④though
(2)fun_ction vi.工作；运行；起作用n.功能；作用；职责
The machine will not fun_ction properly if it is not kept well-oiled.
机器没有上好油，就不会顺利地运转。
They have the functions and powers in their hands.
他们手里掌握着职权。
fun_ction well顺利运行
fun_ction normally/properly正常运转
play/perform an important fun_ction 起重大作用
All the instruments were functioning normally.
所有的仪器都在正常工作。
When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot fun_ction properly.
营养不足时，身体就不能正常运转。
完成句子
⑤这台机器有毛病。
The machine doesn't .
⑥手机在现代生活中正起着重要的作用。
The mobile phone is
in the modern life.
【答案】 ⑤fun_ction well/normally/properly
⑥playing/performing an important fun_ction
Period ⅢWord power & Grammar and usage
1．When you consider the career path you want to follow，it is useful to think about jobs in categories.(P6)考虑你要经历的求职之路时，把它们分类思考是有帮助的。
It's ＋ adj.(＋of/for sb.) ＋ to do sth.是一种常用的句型结构。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。形容词通常是necessary，important，dangerous，difficult，hard，easy，impossible等表示事物的特点或特征时，用for；当形容词是kind，nice，good，bad，wise，clever，silly，foolish，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等表示人的特征或特点时，须用of。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It's very kind of you to help me.
你能帮我，真好。
完成句子
①你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。
the maths problem.
②在日常生活中你练习英语口语是非常重要的。
your oral English
in daily life.
【答案】 ①It's clever of you to work out ②It's very important for you to practise
2．practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的；注重实际的
There are jobs that are practical，such as carpenters，hair-dressers，dressmakers and chefs.(P6)
有实用的工作，例如，木工、理发师、裁缝和厨师。
He is a practical person.
他是一位很讲实际的人。
Tom likes joining practical activities.
汤姆喜欢参加实践活动。
a practical method实用的方法；有效的方法
a practical proposal切实可行的建议
for (all) practical purposes实际上
For all practical purposes，it was useless.
实际上它毫无用处。
Yours is a practical proposal.
你的建议切实可行。
完成句子
①实际上，这种产品毫无价值。
This kind of product is worthless .
②试验表明，这是一个有效的方法。
The test shows it is .
【答案】 ①for all practical purposes
②a practical method
3．include v．包含；包括
These jobs include nurses，doctors，dentists and babysitters.(P6)这些工作包括护士，医生、牙医和保姆。
I include eggs on the list of things to buy.
我在要买的货单上包括了鸡蛋。
The university includes ten colleges.
该大学有10个学院。
including prep.包括 (用于表示某人或某物是前面谈及的整体的一部分，用于名词或代词前)
included adj.被包括的；包含的 (用于名词或代词后)
There are twelve of us，including Tom.
我们共有12人，包括汤姆。
Everyone has to go to the dentist's，you included.
每个人都得去看牙医，包括你在内。
include/contain
include
表示“包括”，侧重包含者只是整体中的一部分。
contain
表示“包含，含有”，侧重于含有某物或某种成分，还可表示克制某种强烈的感情。
The list included his name.
这个名单上包括他的名字。
Rice contains protein and fat.
大米含蛋白质和脂肪。
用include和contain的正确形式填空
①He his fear.
②All animals， men，feed on plants or other animals.
③His school bag a lot of books，including a cartoon book.
【答案】 ①contained ②including ③contains
4．Included in this category are singers，actors and musicians.(P6)
这种分类中包括歌手、演员和音乐家。
本句是一个完全倒装句，其结构是：表语＋be＋主语。主语太长，为了平衡句子结构的需要，将表语提前。充当表语的主要有形容词、现在分词和过去分词。
Present at the meeting are ten famous writers.
十位著名作家出席了这次会议。
Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又大又黑的奇怪生物。
Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower，which is often called the CN Tower for short.
加拿大国家电视塔坐落于多伦多市中心，常被简称为CN塔。
【教师备课资源】
常用完全倒装结构的情况还有：
①表示地点的副词或介词短语＋be/lie/sit/stand/come/go/run/fly＋主语(必须是名词)。
②表示时间的副词now/then ＋ come＋主语(必须是名词)。
完成句子
①山坡上长满了各种各样的野花。
wild flowers of all kinds.
②我们缺衣少食的日子一去不复返了。
when we are short of food and clothing.
③教我们英语的刘老师出席了这次聚会。
，who taught us English.
【答案】 ①Growing on the hillsides are ②Gone are the days ③Present at the party was Mr.Liu
5．be based on建立于……基础之上
There is also a new category of jobs that are based on information technology，such as computer software engineers.(P6)也有以信息科技为基础的新工作种类，例如电脑软件工程师。
This story is based on facts.这故事是有事实根据的。
Most business or economic relations are based on trust.
多数商业或经济关系都是建立在信任的基础之上的。
base vt.把……建立在；以……为基础n.基础；基地；根据地
base...on把……建立于……基础之上
establish/build/set up a base for...建立……的基地
One should always base one's opinion on facts.
我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。
The company has set up its new base in the north.
这家公司在北部设立了新的基地。
【对接高考】
(2012·江苏高考) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.
A．Based B．Basing
C．Base D．To base
【解析】 句意：如果把一个重要决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理智上，你迟早会后悔的。根据题目与选项可知本题考查非谓语动词，C项是谓语动词，首先排除。A项过去分词表示被动，但句子的主语不是base的承受者，因此A项应排除。B项和D项都表示主动，但不定式表示将来，在句中常作目的或结果状语，与句意不符。动词base和逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系，故答案为B。
【答案】 B
完成句子
①他根据被俘囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。
He the evidence given by the captured prisoners.
②这些数字是基于市场平均价格而得出的。
These figures average market prices.
【答案】 ①based his conclusion on ②are based on
6．as well也；还
Do not forget that there are public service jobs as well，such as police officers and firefighters.(P6)
别忘了还有公共服务行业，比如警察和消防员。
He speaks English and Spanish as well.
他既能说英语，也能说西班牙语。
may/might as well 不妨；还是……的好
as well as 不但……而且……；既……又……；和……一样好
pretty well 几乎；差不多
I needn't wait.I may as well tell you now.
我不必等了，不妨现在就告诉你。
Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.
不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
He's pretty well finished his latest book already.
他最近的一本书已差不多完成了。
【提示】 as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。
as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词短语等。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。而用not only...but also...连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。
【教师备课资源】
用作介词时，as well as相当于besides，in addition to，意思为“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动词，尤其是位于句首时。
用适当的短语填空
①I am going to London and my sister is going .
②Electric energy can be changed into light energy
into sound energy.
③If you find it unworkable，we call the deal off.
【答案】 ①as well ②as well as ③may as well
7．get on with进步；进展；继续做；与……相处
I had better stop thinking about jobs and get on with my homework.(P7)我最好停止思考关于工作的问题，继续做我的家庭作业。
I find it hard to get on with my colleagues.
我发现和同事相处很难。
He'd rather just get on with his job.
他宁愿只是做好自己的本职工作。
get on 进行；上车；上马；变老
get in插话；收获；到达
get over克服(困难等)；(从疾病等中)恢复过来
get through通过；拨通(电话)；做完；用光(钱等)；吃光(食物等)
They got on at this station.他们是在这个站上的车。
The farmers are getting the crops in now that they are ripe.
庄稼熟了，农民正在收割。
We had to get over many difficulties.
我们必须克服很多困难。
【提示】 get on with＝get along with；表示“和某人相处融洽”要用get on/along well with sb.。
完成句子
①安静下来，继续做你的工作。
Be quiet and your work.
②我一个晚上就看完了这本小说。
I the novel in one evening.
③一旦克服了这些困难，工作进展就快了。
Once these difficulties were ，the work would speed up.
【答案】 ①get on with ②got through ③got over
8．familiar adj.熟悉的；通晓的
For a simile to be effective，readers must be familiar with the objects being compared.(P8)
为了让明喻有效果，读者必须对所比较的物体很熟悉。
The man seemed familiar，but I could not quite place him.
这人很面熟，但是我记不清在哪儿见过他。
The place felt familiar to me.
这个地方我隐约觉得有点熟悉。
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
be familiar with 熟悉；通晓；精通
make oneself familiar with 同……熟悉起来；同……亲近起来
He likes plants very much，so he is familiar with many flowers.他喜欢植物，所以知道很多种花。
The word is not familiar to me.我不认识那个词。
At last he appeared to have made himself familiar with his surroundings.最后，他似乎把房间里的情形摸熟了。
用适当的介词填空
①His name seems familiar me.
②I am not very familiar European history.
③Firstly，we should make ourselves familiar
the place where we live.
【答案】 ①to ②with ③with
观察下列句子，体会英语修辞中明喻和暗喻的用法。
1．Learning is like rowing upstream；not to advance is to drop back.学如逆水行舟，不进则退。
2．The man can't be trusted.He is as slippery as an eel.
那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
3．He has a heart of stone.他有一副铁石心肠。
4．The world is a stage.世界是一个大舞台。
[自我总结]
1．Simile(明喻)指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作 ，表明本体和喻体的关系。基本格式： ＋显著比喻词＋ 。
2．Metaphor(暗喻)指的是用甲事物来 与其所指事物有相似特点的乙事物。它不需要借助 ，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写。基本格式： ＋ is/are/have/has...＋ 。
【答案】 1.对比；本体；喻体 2.指代；比喻词；本体；喻体
英语修辞中明喻和暗喻
一、Simile(明喻)
1．基本概念
Simile(明喻)是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，与汉语的明喻相似，它指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作对比，表明本体和喻体的关系。在明喻中，本体和喻体均同时出现在句中，在形式上是相对应的。注意，用于对比的事物或现象之间的共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
2．基本格式
基本格式：本体 ＋ 显著比喻词 ＋ 喻体
3．常见标志词
Simile的常用标志词有 like，as，seem，as if，as though，similar to，such as等。
4．典型实例
(1) as 像……一样，as...as 像……一样，as if/though 好像，像……似的，as it were 好像，似乎，仿佛
He's not as honest a man as I thought.他不像我想象的那样诚实。
He looked as if he had seen a ghost.他那副惊骇的样子就像见到了鬼似的。
This so-called antique，as it were，is a fake.这个所谓的古董，看上去好像是古董，但实际上是赝品。
(2) compare...to 把……比作……，comparison of sth. to sth.把……比作……
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
His comparison of the heart to a pump helped the children understand its action.他将心脏比作打气筒(抽水机)有助于孩子们了解心脏的作用。
(3) like 像……一样，something like 与……类似，有点像……，seem 好像，similar to与……相似
The human history is like a long river.
人类历史像一条长河。
The house looks something like a castle.
那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。
John's taken up stamp-collecting；he seems really bitten by it.约翰已经着手集邮，好像真入迷了。
Their educational system is similar to that in the United States.他们的教育制度和美国的差不多。
(4) may as well...as 做某事正如……
One might as well throw money into the sea as lend it to William.把钱借给威廉，就好像把钱扔到海里一样。
(5) no more...than 像……一样不……；……和……都不……
I know no more Spanish than I know Greek.
我对西班牙语和希腊语同样都不懂。
(6) As A is to B，so C is to D C之于D，犹如A之于B；A is to B as C is to DA之于B，犹如C之于D；A is to B what C is to D A之于B，犹如C之于D
As soul is to a body，so love is to a home.
爱之于家庭犹如灵魂之于身体。
Air is to man as water is to fish.
空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
Air is to us what water is to fish.
我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。
二、Metaphor(暗喻)
1．基本概念
Metaphor(暗喻)，指的是用甲事物来指代与其所指事物有相似特点的乙事物。暗喻是一种含蓄的比喻，是利用不同事物的抽象的“相似点”来“打比方”，它不需要借助比喻词，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是隐含的。
2．基本格式
基本格式：本体 ＋ is/are/have/has...＋喻体
3．典型实例
(1) 形容词类
His remarks were rather acid.他的话有些尖酸刻薄。
Their faces were alight with joy.
他们因喜悦而容光焕发。
(2) 动词类
Clever children absorb knowledge easily.
聪明孩子容易吸收知识。
It makes my heart ache to see her suffer.
看到她受罪使我痛心。
Some books are to be tasted，others swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书可以浅尝辄止；一些书可以狼吞虎咽；而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。
(3) 名词类
Such people are the backbone of the country.
这样的人是国家的栋梁。
Poor health may be a barrier to success.
健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。
She has a heart of stone.他有一副铁石心肠。
Period ⅣTask & Project
Ⅰ.判断正误
阅读P11课文，判断正误
1．There are as many men doctors as men nurses in our hospital now.( )
2．Men nurses can see things from a different angle than women.( )
3．Now more than 10 percent of our nurses are male.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.T 3.F
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P11课文，选取最佳答案
1．Which of the following is NOT the reason for wanting male nurses?
A．Half the population in our country is male.
B．Men actually take care of others better than women.
C．Men have stronger bodies than women.
2．Having a mix of male and female nurses in the hospital can .
A．help patients recover faster
B．help lift heavy objects
C．bring a new way of thinking
3．Why will an open day be organized soon at Central Hospital?
A．To create a positive balance between male and female nurses.
B．To allow patients to request either a male or female to look after them.
C．To hire more male nurses to look after patients.
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.C
1．equally adv.相等地，相同地；均等地，平均地；同样地
Men are equally as good as women at taking care of others.(P11)
男人在照顾别人方面和女人做得一样好。
They're equally strong.他们一样强壮。
The money can be divided equally between you.
这钱可以平分给你们。
equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的 vt.等于 n．同等的人或物
be equal to等于；与……相等；胜任
be equal to doing sth.能胜任做某事
be equal in 在……方面相等
equality n．平等
Three feet is roughly equal to one meter.
3英尺大体上等于1 米。
The two books are more or less equal in length.
这两本书篇幅差不多。
I am equal to doing this job.
我能胜任做这项工作。
【教师备课资源】
without equal 没有对手
be the equal to one's word 说到做到
have equality with sb.与某人平等
【对接高考】
(2012·福建高考)Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be respected.
A．especially B．equally
C．naturally D．normally
【解析】 句意：任何人，无论是官员还是公交车司机，都应被同等尊重。especially尤其，特别；equally平等地；naturally自然地；normally正常地。故选B。
【答案】 B
用equal的适当形式填空
To maintain the of education，the key lies in treating all schools and students and maintaining the supply of educational resources.
【答案】 equality；equally；equal
2．in general就一般而言；一般说来；总体上
Another reason that men make great nurses is that in general，men have stronger bodies than women.(P11)
男性成为优秀护士的另一个原因是，男性通常比女性更强壮。
The class are，in general，very bright.
总的说来，这个班级的学生都很聪明。
In general，I agree to what you said.
我大体上同意你所说的。
in common共同地 in total总共
in brief简短地 in detail 详细地
in short 总之；简言之 in all 总共
These products，in total，account for about 80% of all our sales.这些产品总共约占我们全部销售额的80%。
She described the accident in detail.
她详细地叙述了那次事故。
完成句子
①总的来说，亚历山大是个平和的、有爱心的人。
，Alexander was a peaceful，loving man.
②这两个人没什么共同之处。
The two men had little .
③首先，我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。
To begin with，I'd like to tell the importance of the work.
【答案】 ①In general ②in common ③in brief
3．This allows our hospital to work better than if we only approach problems one way.(P11)
这使得医院比只用一种方法解决问题效果更好。
(1)allow v．允许，许可；给予，让……得到；承认，认为
Allow me to introduce you to our headmaster.
请允许我介绍你见见我们的校长。
Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment.
他们的老师给他们三天时间完成作业。
You must allow yourself to be wrong.
你必须承认自己错了。
allow (doing)sth.允许(做)某事
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做菜事
allow sb.＋(副词或介词短语) 允许某人……
allow for考虑到；体谅；允许有；留出
Do they allow smoking in the cinemas?
他们允许在电影院里抽烟吗？
I don't allow the cat in the bedroom.
我不允许猫进入卧室。
We must allow for losing our way in the dark.
我们应该想到天黑会迷路。
【教师备课资源】
allow和permit都表示“允许”，用法也一样，在许多情况下可以互相换用，只是词义的强弱上有些差别。allow词义较弱，含有“听任，默许，不加阻止”的意思。permit词义较强，强调“正式认可，批准”的意思。
完成句子
①这片海滩禁止游泳。
at this beach.
②她允许我们抽烟。
She .
③你的计划是否把各种情况都考虑进去了？
Has everything in your plan?
【答案】 ①Swimming is not allowed ②allowed us to smoke ③been allowed for
(2)approach vt.对付；处理；接近某人或某事
Let us consider the best way to approach it.
让我们想想处理这件事的最佳方法。
A man approached me，asking if I'd seen a little girl.
有位先生走近我，问我是否看到过一个小女孩。
approach n．靠近；方法；做法；途径
an approach to...……的方法
at the approach of 在……快到的时候
be difficult/easy of approach (指地方)难/容易到达的； (指人)难于/容易接近的
His approaches to the problem are wrong.
他处理这个问题的方法是错误的。
The children fell silent at the approach of their teacher.
老师一来，孩子们就变得鸦雀无声。
method/way/approach/means
method
表示科学的，系统的一套方法，而且强调以效率和准确性为目的。其前常与介词with搭配。
way
指单一技巧或整套操作过程。普通用语，其前常与介词in搭配。
approach
是学习或研究问题的方法，其后常与to搭配。
means
手段，方法，工具。其前常与介词by搭配。
选用method，way，approach，means填空
④His teaching presents a new to foreign language teaching.
⑤By this they can increase their sales.
⑥Change your of thinking，and you will feel better.
【答案】 ④method；approach ⑤means ⑥way
4．request v．& n．请求，要求
Having more male nurses will help creative a positive balance between male and female staff，and it will allow patients to request either a male or female to look after them.(P11)
有更多的男护士将会创造一个男女职员的平衡，让病人自己能要求一个男护士或女护士照顾他们。
I requested to go to the railway station to meet a friend.
我要求到火车站去接一个朋友。
You should have your request.
你会得到你所要的东西。
request sth.from sb.向某人要求某物
request sb.to do...要求某人做某事
request that...(should) 要求……
as requested 依照请求
at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb.应某人要求
They requested us to help them.
他们要求我们帮助他们。
He requested that they should come early.
他请求他们要早来。
He was there at the request of his manager.
他按照经理的要求到了那里。
【提示】 request作名词时的同位语从句及作动词时的宾语从句用虚拟语气(should)do的形式，其中should可省略。
【教师备课资源】
request指通过正式手续非常有礼貌、客气地“请求”，常用于恐怕对方由于种种原因不能答应的场合。
ask是常用词，往往带有期望得到肯定答复的意思。
demand语气严厉，表示非答应不可的“要求”。
require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的“要求”。
完成句子
①所有的俱乐部成员都被要求出席年会。
All the club members the annual meeting。
②他无视邻居们要他别那样吵闹的要求。
He ignored the neighbours' requests that he
less noise.
③员工们立即要求他重新考虑他的决定。
The staff immediately requested that he
his decision.
④我们可以依照请求作出安排。
We can arrange for that .
【答案】 ①are requested to attend ②(should) make
③(should) reconsider ④as requested
5．persuade vt.说服，劝说；(使)相信
Sometimes you need to persuade people that something is a good idea.(P12)
有时你需要说服人们相信某种想法是一个好主意。
It is easy to persuade oneself.
说服自己往往很容易。
We persuaded Harry that he was wrong.
我们使亨利相信是他错了。
persuade sb.of 使某人相信……
persuade sb.to do sth.＝persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事
persuade sb.not to do sth.＝persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事
advise sb.to do sth.劝说某人做某事(但未必劝服)
I shall persuade him to take the medicine.
我将说服他把药吃下去。
She was persuaded out of buying an expensive dress.
她在劝说之下没有买昂贵的连衣裙。
【对接高考】
(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)If she doesn't want to go，nothing you can say will her.
A．persuade B．promise
C．invite D．support
【解析】 句意：如果她不想去，你说什么也不能劝服她。persuade劝服；promise许诺；invite邀请；support支持，赡养。由句意可知选A。
【答案】 A
完成句子
①我们必须使政府相信需要变革。
We must persuade the need for change.
②虽然不容易，但是我还是说服了他去做正确的事。
It wasn't easy，but I persuaded the right thing.
③我试图劝说他戒烟，但没成功。
I smoking，but failed.
【答案】 ①the government of ②him to do ③advised him to give up
6．reject vt.拒绝；驳回；退回；舍弃
You have to think about how you can show them the good side of an idea and how you can reject or counter any negative aspects that they might suggest.(P12)
你们需要考虑如何向他们展示一个想法好的方面，以及你们如何拒绝或反驳他们可能会暗示的消极的方面。
He was afraid she would reject him because he was a foreigner.他担心她会因他不是本国人而拒绝他。
She rejected telling us the truth.
她拒不对我们讲实情。
reject (doing) sth.拒绝(做)某事
reject as 因……而拒绝
reject sth.on...grounds 以……为理由拒绝……
The proposal was rejected as too costly.
由于成本过高，这一提案未被接受。
The scheme was rejected on economic grounds.
这一计划出于经济考量而遭到摒弃。
完成句子
①他拒绝改变主意。
He rejected .
②他放弃了在英国定居的想法。
He of settling in England.
③我母亲不同意我举办大型聚会的计划。
My mother for a big party.
【答案】 ①changing his mind ②rejected the idea
③rejected my plan
7．more than超过，多于；很，非常；不只是
For each point，you can choose more than one answer.(P14)每一项你都可以选择多个答案。
His insolence is more than I can stand.
我受不了他的无礼。
She was dressed more than simply.
她穿着十分朴素。
His report is more than a survey.
他的报告不只是一份调查。
more...than比……更多；与其……倒不如……
no more than仅仅；不超过
no more...than...不比……更……；与……同样不……
more or less或多或少；大概
He is more frightened than hurt.
与其说他受伤了倒不如说他被吓着了。
He is no more than a singer.
他只不过是个歌手。
I've more or less finished reading the book.
我差不多已经把这本书全看完了。
【提示】 more than＋单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
More than one student is working hard in the classroom.
很多学生在教室认真学习。
【教师备课资源】
other than除了 rather than而不是
完成句子
①他有勇无谋。
He is .
②她的表演非常好。
Her performance was .
③粉刷天花板用了将近一整天的时间。
It took a whole day to paint the ceiling.
④金钱不过是我们的仆人。
Money is our servant.
【答案】 ①more brave than wise ②more than good
③more or less ④no more than
8．I would rather set up systems on a computer.(P14)
我宁愿安装电脑系统。
(1)would rather宁愿，宁可(后接动词原形)
would rather(not) do...宁愿或宁可(不)做某事
would rather do...than do...宁愿……而不愿……
would rather后接宾语从句时，应用虚拟语气，对现在或将来的虚拟用过去时，对过去的虚拟用过去完成时。
I'd rather you went there now.
我宁愿你现在就去那。(实际上还没去)
I would rather I had not told him the truth yesterday.
我宁愿昨天我没有告诉他事实。(实际上已告诉了)
完成句子
①那件事我宁愿不告诉你。
I'd rather you about it.
②我宁愿去打网球而不愿去游泳。
I'd rather .
③我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。
I'd rather you him the news that day.
【答案】 ①not tell ②play tennis than swim
③hadn't told
(2)set up建立；创办；创设；准备；安排
Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here.
很多外国公司已在这里开办工厂。
Will you set up the drinks while I look after the party food?
你准备饮料，我来料理宴会食品好吗？
set about 开始；着手
set down 放下；搁下
set free 释放；解放
set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
set aside留出；拔出(时间、金钱等)；暂不考虑；驳回
The girl attendant has set about cleaning the room.
那位女服务员已开始打扫房间。
Be careful that you don't set the fireworks off by mistake.
当心点，别错引爆了那些爆竹。
【对接高考】
(2013·湖北高考)In much of the animal world，night is the time for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down
C．set off D．set up
【解析】 这里pure and simple表示“完全，不折不扣”，用来指某事只有唯一的原因。这里用set aside表示“留出，拨出(时间等)”，表示这段时间就是用来睡觉的。set down“写下”；set off“出发，引起”；set up“建立”。句意：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚就是完全用来睡觉的时间。
【答案】 A
完成句子
④为阵亡将士立了一个纪念碑。
A monument as a memorial to the dead soldiers.
⑤我们立刻兴致勃勃地干起来。
We our task at once with great enthusiasm.
⑥把书桌放在窗前。
The desk before the window.
【答案】 ④was set up ⑤set about ⑥was set down
9．figure out 理解；弄明白；想出；计算(金额与成本)
Now look at your answers and figure out how many times you have chosen.(P14)
现在看一看你的答案，算算你选择了几次。
Can you figure out how to do it?
你能想出这件事该怎么做吗？
Have you figured out how much the project will cost?
这个项目要花多少钱你算出来没有？
figure as 扮演……角色
figure in 算进；参加；包括进
figure on 计划；仔细考虑；指望
figure up 总计；把……总加起来
Have you figured in the cost of the hotel?
你把旅馆的费用包括在内吗？
He's a person you can always figure on his help.
他是一个你总能依赖他帮助的人。
完成句子
①我想不出他在暗示什么。
I can't what he was hinting at.
②把这些费用加起来也许要用好几个小时。
It may take several hours to these expenses.
【答案】 ①figure out ②figure up
10．correspond vi.相符合；相一致；相当；相类似；通信
Find the letter which you chose the most often and look at the description which corresponds with it on the next page.(P14)
找出你选择最频繁的字母，并阅读下页中与之相对应的描述。
The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.美国国会相当于英国议会。
She corresponded regularly with her former music teacher.
她和她以前的音乐老师定期通信。
correspond to 等于；相当于
correspond with/to 与……相对应；与……相符
correspond with sb.与……通信
His expenses do not correspond to his income.
他入不敷出。
His answer to the question does not correspond with mine.
他对这个问题的答案和我的不符。
用适当的介词填空
①His actions do not correspond his words.
②Margaret corresponded him until his death.
③Their nursery schools correspond roughly
our kindergartens.
【答案】 ①with/to ②with ③to
11．take great pleasure in从……中获得乐趣
These people take great pleasure in influencing and persuading others，or leading and managing an organization.(P15)这类人从影响、说服别人，或领导、管理一个组织中获得极大的乐趣。
Charlie seems to take pleasure in bullying the younger kids.
查理似乎喜欢欺负比自己小的孩子。
They took great pleasure in helping the people in need in the neighbourhood.
他们非常乐于帮助附近那些有困难的人。
give pleasure to sb.＝give sb.pleasure 给某人快乐
have the pleasure of (doing) sth.很开心……；有幸……
with pleasure愉快地；高兴地；没问题
for pleasure为了取乐，为了好玩
my pleasure不客气，不用谢
That thing gives me little pleasure.
那件事使我不太高兴。
May I have the pleasure of dancing with you?
我可以和你跳舞吗？
完成句子
①我将很高兴告诉大家事情的真相。
I shall telling everyone the truth.
②我很乐意帮助你。
I will help you .
③他们为取乐而玩纸牌，而不是为赚钱而玩。
They play cards ，not for money.
【答案】 ①take great pleasure in ②with pleasure ③for pleasure
关于就业选择的写作
本单元的写作项目是有关就业选择方面的内容，对于这一方面内容的阐述常以讨论或辩论的方式给出。其篇章结构如下：
1．开头：提出问题或引出讨论或辩论的主题。
Recently we have had a discussion/debate on/about...最近我们就……进行了讨论。
2．主体：陈述不同观点及理由
表示赞同：
be for，favour the idea，be in favour of，approve of，agree with/to...
表示反对：
disagree/don't agree with/to，be against the idea，however，on the other hand...
表述理由：
because，for，they say，saying that，for the reason that...
3．结尾：表明个人观点
personally，as for me，in my opinion，I think/believe...
[题目要求]
某英文网站正在开展关于填报志愿时首先考虑专业还是学校的讨论。请你根据下面所给的要点提示，写一篇英语短文，描述学生中存在的两种看法，并谈谈你自己的看法。
观点
理由
首先选择专业
1.可以学习自己感兴趣的东西；
2.便于将来从事自己喜爱的工作。
首先选择大学
1.学习环境对人的成长很重要；
2.名牌大学的毕业生在求职时常会受到青睐。
你的看法
注意：1.词数：120左右；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
[思路点拨]
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
一、开门见山地提出本文讨论的话题。二、陈述不同的观点并表述理由。三、表明个人观点。
[词汇热身]
1．专业
2．更喜欢
3．使……成为可能
4．最喜爱的工作
5．名牌大学的毕业生
6．在我看来
7．最佳选择
【答案】 1.major 2.prefer 3.make...possible
4．favourite jobs 5.graduates from leading universities
6．in my opinion 7.the best choice
[句式温习]
1．我们应该首先选择专业还是选择大学？
choose a good major a good university first?
2．一些学生更愿意首先考虑专业，以便他们能够学习自己感兴趣的东西。
Some students prefer to consider majors first they can learn .
3．这将使他们将来从事自己喜爱的工作成为可能。
It will also take their favourite jobs in the future.
4．然而对此持不同看法的学生认为学习环境对人的成长很重要，并且名牌大学的毕业生在求职时常会受到青睐。
However，those believe that the environment one's development and that graduates from leading universities a good job.
5．如果两者不可兼得，首先考虑的是好专业。
，the first thing to consider is a good major.
【答案】 1.Should we；or 2.so that；what they are interested in 3.make it possible for them to 4.who think differently；is important to；are often more likely to find 5.If we cannot obtain both
[连句成篇]
【参考范文】
Every student will be faced with the question when he passes the college entrance examinations：Should we choose a good major or a good university first? Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn what they are interested in.It will also make it possible for them to take their favourite jobs in the future.However，those who think differently believe that the environment is important to one's development and that graduates from leading universities are often more likely to find a good job.
In my opinion，the best choice is a good major at a good university.If we cannot obtain both，the first thing to consider is a good major，because no matter where we study，we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if we try our best.
Ⅰ.立体式复习单词
A．基础单词
1． adv.实际上；事实上
2． n．行李
3． n．选择；选修课
4． adj.薪酬丰厚的
5． n．店主
6． n．神经；勇气
7． n．杂草vt.除草
8． n．洗澡；浴缸
9． n．绷带 vt.用绷带包扎
10． adj.自信的
11． n．裁缝
12． n．钢琴家
13． n．女乘务员；女服务员
14． adj.有事业心的；有进取心的；有创业精神的
15． n．打字员
【答案】 1.actually 2.baggage 3.option 4.well-paid
5．shopkeeper 6.nerve 7.weed 8.bath 9.bandage
10．self-confident 11.tailor 12.pianist 13.stewardess
14．enterprising 15.typist
B．词汇拓展
16． adj.合适；适当→ v．适合；对……方便 n．一套衣服
17． n．清洁工；吸尘器；清洁剂→
v．(使)清洁；变干净adj.干净的；纯净的
18． n．魔术师；巫师→ n．魔术→ adj.神秘的；魔术的
19． adj.有创造力的；创造性的→
v．创造→ n．创造者→ n．创造性；创造力
20． adj.艺术的；艺术家的→ n．艺术家→ n．艺术
【答案】 16.suited；suit 17.cleaner；clean 18.magician；magic；magical 19.creative；create；creator；creativity 20.artistic；artist；art
Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语
A．短语互译
1． 合适；适宜
2． 实际上
3． 应付；处理；论及；涉及
4． 另一方面
5． 收拾；整理；天气转晴
6． go about
7． be based on
8． in general
9． figure out
10． take pleasure in
【答案】 1.be suited to/for 2.in reality 3.deal with 4.on the other hand 5.clear up 6.从事；着手做 7.建立于……基础之上 8.一般说来；总体上 9.理解；弄明白；想出；计算出 10.从……中获得乐趣
B．用上面短语的适当形式完成下列句子
11．It was cloudy this morning.But it has now .
12．But in the real world，mistakes happen and they must be .
13．The person we are talking about
the job he is doing.
14．Life， ，as in many things we do，has never been easy.
15．He telling me that my team had lost.
16．Maybe we'll how to do something different.
17．They always their business in an orderly fashion.
18．In theory，this problem should not occur，but
it does.
【答案】 11.cleared up 12.dealt with 13.is suited for 14.in general 15.took pleasure in 16.figure out 17.go about 18.in reality
Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型
1．When choosing a career，you should consider all the aspects of a job.
【句式仿写】 在森林里行走时，他们迷了路。
，they got lost.
2．Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society，while others can appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring.
【句式仿写】 有些人说不，而另一些人说是的。
Some say no， .
3．All of these jobs together，though，help society fun_ction.
【句式仿写】 但是，我们希望从大学里获取什么呢？
What do we ?
4．When you consider the career path you want to follow，it is useful to think about jobs in categories.
【句式仿写】 对于他们来说，在工作和日常生活中，有创意和乐趣是很重要的。
For them， creative and have fun，both at work and in everyday life.
5．I would rather set up systems on a computer.
【句式仿写】 不管怎么样，我宁愿独自解决我的问题。
I my problems alone，whatever they may be.
【答案】 1.When walking in the forest 2.while others say yes 3.want from college，though 4.it is important to be 5.would rather solve
综合检测(一)
Unit 1 Careers and skills
(满分：120分；时间：100分钟)
Part Ⅰ Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15 marks)
1．Now they have failed in the experiment，we'll have to________ it more carefully.
A．talk about B．go about
C．care about D．come about
2．(2013·张家界高三检测)I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had the money.
A．why B．when
C．which D．what
3．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see________ the next year.
A．carry out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
4．She is a diligent student.She always________the key points of what the teachers lecture on.
A．sets up B．sets down
C．sets about D．sets off
5．________it is true that a successful businessman or inventor will usually become rich，many people who are outstanding in their field take little notice of personal possessions.
A．While B．Since
C．Unless D．If
6．(2013·邵阳高三调研)The old woman sat alone in the room，in which there wasn't much furniture，with her eyes ________on the opposite wall.
A．fixed B．fixing
C．had been fixed D．were fixing
7．Hardly could he________this amount of work in such a short time.
A．get through B．get off
C．get into D．get down
8．Under a big tree ________，half asleep.
A．did sat a fat man B．a fat man sat
C．did a fat man sat D．sat a fat man
9．We have to be ________and buy only what we can afford and need.
A．practical B．mean
C．real D．valuable
10．My life ________one long curve，full ________turning points.
A．has；with B．is；of
C．has；of D．is；with
11．In________，the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.
A．common B．total
C．general D．particular
12．The fog was so heavy this morning that drivers could hardly ________the things just ten meters away from them.
A．figure out B．took out
C．make out D．rule out
13．—I think it's important to________local businesses by buying locally.
—I agree with you.
A．consider B．support
C．agree D．confirm
14．We were ________happy to know the manned spaceship Shenzhou Ⅶ landed on the earth successfully.
A．more than B．other than
C．rather than D．less than
15．—James，I am sorry I used your computer when you were away this morning.
—________.
A．That's all right B．It's a pleasure
C．You are welcome D．Don't mention it
Section B (18 marks)
Mother's Day was coming，but John had been visiting customers.He was now in a small town just outside a flower shop and he knew what to do.
He went into the shop and saw a young man begging the clerk to sell him some roses for six dollars，but the clerk just explained that roses were __16__.
The clerk looked up at John，shaking her head.Something inside of John was __17__by the boy's voice.John had been blessed in his business，and he looked at the clerk and __18__mouthed that he would pay for the roses.
The clerk looked at the young man and told him to get the roses for six dollars.The young man almost jumped into the air and ran from the store with the__19__.It was worth the extra dollars just to see that kind of excitement.
John ordered his own flowers and made sure that the __20__ would include a note telling his mother how much he loved her.He drove away from the shop，feeling very __21__.He caught a light about two blocks away.As he __22__ at the light，he saw the young boy walking down the sidewalk.He watched him cross the street and enter a park through two huge gates.Suddenly，he realized that it wasn't a park but a cemetery(公墓)．
The light __23__，and John slowly crossed the intersection.He __24__and on an impulse (冲动)got out and began to follow the boy.The young man stopped by a small monument and went on his knees.He began to cry after he carefully __25__ the roses on the grave.He stared at the little boy's heaving(起伏的)body and listened to his crying.
John turned with __26__，and walked back to his car.He drove quickly to the shop and told the clerk he would __27__the flowers personally.He wanted to tell his mother one more time just how much he loved her.
16．A.cheap B．beautiful
C．expensive D．special
17．A.recalled B．touched
C．hurt D．lightened
18．A.loudly B．silently
C．gently D．calmly
19．A.money B．flowers
C．basket D．cards
20．A.delivery B．message
C．transportation D．transfer
21．A.relaxed B．disappointed
C．good D．sorry
22．A.sang B．waited
C．looked D．stood
23．A.flashed B．changed
C．disappeared D．shone
24．A.drove back B．pulled over
C．broke down D．burst out
25．A.laid B．decorated
C．set D．grew
26．A.laughter B．anger
C．tears D．astonishment
27．A.bring B．fetch
C．take D．catch
Section C (12 marks)
(2012·益阳市一中第九次月考)Do you feel a little sleepy after lunch？Well，that's normal.Your body naturally slows down then.What should you do about it？Don't reach for a coffee！ 28 ，take a nap.
It's good to take a daily nap.First of all，you are more efficient after napping.You remember things better and make 29 mistakes.Also，you can learn things more easily after taking a nap.A nap may increase your self-confidence and make you more creative. 30 may even cheer you up.
31 ，there are some simple rules you should follow.First，take a nap in the middle of the day，about eight hours after you wake up. 32 ，a 20-minute nap is enough. 33 you sleep longer，you may fall into a deep sleep.After waking from a deep sleep，you will feel worse.Finally，you should set 34 alarm clock.That way，you can fully relax during your nap.You won't have to keep looking at the clock so you don't oversleep.
Now，the next time you feel sleepy after lunch，don't get stressed.Put your head down，close your eyes 35 catch forty winks.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
A
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951，her mother told her，“Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out，you'll have something to rely on.”Mary responded in typical teenage fashion.From that moment on，“the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course，”she recalls.
The show business thing worked out，of course.In her career，Mary won many awards.Only recently，when she began to write Growing UP Again，did she regret ignoring her mom.“I don't know how to use a computer，”she admits.
Unlike her 1995 autobiography，after all，her second book is less about life as an award?winning actress and more about living with diabetes(糖尿病)．All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation(JDRF)，an organization she serves as international chairman.“I felt there was a need for a book like this，”she says.“I didn't want to lecture，but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self?controlled and do our part in managing the disease.”
But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches.In her book，she describes that awful day，almost 40 years ago，when she received two pieces of life?changing news.First ，she had lost the baby she was carrying，and second，tests showed that she had diabetes.In a childlike act，she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts(甜甜圈)．Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up again and take control of her diabetes，not let it control her.Only then did she kick her three?pack?a?day cigarette habit，overcome her addiction to alcohol，and begin to follow a balanced diet.
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fall into self?pity.“Everybody on earth can ask，‘why me？’about something or other，”she insists.“It doesn't do any good.No one is immune(免疫的)to heartache，pain，and disappointments.Sometimes we can make things better by helping others.I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time.I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”
36．Why did Mary feel regretful?
A．She didn't achieve her ambition.
B．She didn't take care of her mother.
C．She didn't complete her high school.
D．She didn't follow her mother's advice.
37．We can know that before 1995 Mary________.
A．had two books published
B．received many career awards
C．knew how to use a computer
D．supported the JDRF by writing
38．Mary's second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her ________.
A．living with diabetes
B．successful show business
C．service for an organization
D．remembrance of her mother
39．When Mary received the life?changing news，she ________.
A．lost control of herself
B．began a balanced diet
C．tried to get a treatment
D．behaved in an adult way
40．What can we know from the last paragraph?
A．Mary feels pity for herself.
B．Mary has recovered from her disease.
C．Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D．Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
B
I was a policeman.It was 6∶00 pm and I was starting working a twelve?hour shift.I said good?bye to a group of officers heading out of the station to go home.“Yeah，have a good time，”shouted an officer，sounding tired.
Just then，an officer I was working with said to me，“There is a fire at a grocery store.Our task is to assist other units already there.Come on；let's go.”He walked towards our car.Our team left the station and arrived ten minutes later at the grocery store.We took up a position in the parking lot to try to keep people away from the store.
The building was starting to disappear in flames and smoke.I_didn't_know_what_to_do.I_just_stood_there_staring_as_if_I_were_watching_a_horror_movie.All of a sudden，a loud explosion shook the ground and everyone fell down.Something in the alleyway(小巷) at the back of the store blew up and a large mushroom fire cloud rose into the sky.As the cloud grew larger，it began swallowing everything in sight，including the parking lot.As I got up and ran for cover as everyone else did，smoke and dirt rained down on us.
After clearing，we went close to the store to help in our car.“There is a man yelling for help，”the driver officer said，so we pulled over to assist him.“There are people still inside，”the man shouted.We quickly helped dozens of people to safety.During our rescue，another partner found a garden hose(水龙带)，so we started to try to put out the fire below the building.
After half an hour，the fire was put out at last.“Everyone is out of the building.Let's go on to our other tasks！”shouted an officer.
41．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The writer's first task as a policeman.
B．How the writer helped people survive a fire.
C．How the writer led his team to work during a task.
D．The writer's experience during a task as a policeman.
42．When the writer was given the task，________.
A．he was preparing to go home
B．he was on the way to the station
C．he was starting working that night
D．he was talking with some officers
43．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 show?
A．The writer had seen more serious fires before.
B．The writer knew something terrible would happen.
C．The writer liked watching horror movies very much.
D．The writer was not experienced in dealing with a big fire.
44．According to the passage，what probably caused the explosion?
A．That something dangerous in the parking lot was lit.
B．That the big fire lit something not legal at the store.
C．That something dangerous on sale at the store was lit.
D．That the big fire caused something at the back of the store to blow up.
45．We know the writer ________.
A．didn't try to keep people away from the store
B．didn't move some people trapped in the fire to safety
C．didn't run into the building with a garden hose
D．didn't help to put out the fire below the building
C
She was born to wealth and power in an era when money and politics were left to the men.Later，as The Washington Post's publisher，Katharine Graham became one of America's most powerful women.
Despite a privileged background，Katharine had to deal，while growing up，with the high demands her mother placed on her children.Katharine's love of journalism，which she shared with her father，led to her career (事业) after college at The Washington Post，the newspaper her father bought in 1933.At the Post，Katharine met Phil Graham，a young，charming lawyer who became her husband.When，in 1945，Katharine's father chose Phil over her to take over his struggling paper，Katharine didn't object and stayed at home as a wife and mother of four.
While Phil's successful efforts to restore the Post to prominence made the Grahams popular members of the Washington social scene，Katharine privately suffered tremendous pain from her husband's increasingly abusive behavior and wild mood swings caused by severe depression.When Phil committed suicide(自杀)，the 46?year?old Katharine found herself thrown into a new job，that of newspaper publisher.But determined to save the family paper for her children，Katharine rose to the challenge of running the Post，attending meetings in every department，working endlessly to prove herself to her critics，and becoming the toast of Washington.
In 1971，Katharine ordered the Post to print a copy of the Pentagon Papers，the top?secret documents revealing the truth about the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War.What's more，her courageous decision and support for her journalists prepared the Post to break the most important political story in modern history：Watergate(水门事件)，one of the greatest scandals (丑闻) in American political history.Katharine managed to keep control over the most chaotic of situations when it was reported，all the time insisting the news stories be accurate and fair.Watergate made the Washington Post an internationally known Paper and Katharine was considered as the most powerful woman in America.
46．Katharine Graham was born in a time when ________.
A．women were not given the chance to receive education
B．women were not considered as intelligent as men
C．women were not permitted to achieve their goals
D．women were not allowed to enter every field
47.When her husband was chosen to take charge of the newspaper，Katharine Graham ________.
A．was strongly against the idea
B．was not happy to be rejected
C．was willing to take her share of responsibility
D．didn't believe her husband would do a good job
48．Which can be considered the most important event in the history of The Washington Post?
A．Reporting Watergate scandal.
B．Printing the Pentagon Papers.
C．Reporting the Vietnam War.
D．Phil restoring the Post.
49．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．It was Katharine Graham's husband who made the greatest contributions to the Post.
B．When Katharine Graham first took over the Post，her critics doubted her ability.
C．Katharine Graham was successful in her career but suffered severe depression.
D．Katharine Graham was free to do whatever she liked in her early life.
50．Which of the following would be the BEST title for the passage?
A．Ups and downs of The Washington Post
B．Katharine Graham's family life and career
C．Katharine Graham：from housewife to successful publisher
D．Katharine Graham：a woman who shaped American journalism
Part Ⅲ Writing (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Traditionally，customers may consider more about what they buy the product for.However，the image of product and the consuming circumstances have become the key points to attract customer awareness and stimulate their buying needs.Frequently，customers buy goods just because they are cute，lovely and unique.With a less emphasis on fun_ction，the experience and imaginative space are placed into an increasingly important role.The image of product is emphasized，as well as the communication between products and consumers.“Customer behavior，which appears to be focused on，in fact responds to quite different objectives：the expression of desire，and the production of a code of social values through the use of different signs”，said Bandrillard.The reason for image?oriented customer behavior is probably that customers' lifestyle has been continuously virtualized by paying much attention to “virtual reality”．The evidences can be traced from computer games and Hollywood movies，in which customers' preference for fleeing reality is perfectly matched.
This change requires us to take efforts to enhance product image by integrating style，color，taste，shape and material，and communicate with customers creatively，imaginatively and innovatively，and enable them to enjoy the distinctive experience image brings.“It is not a need for a particular object as much as a ‘need’ for difference”，said Baudrillard.The typical example is Apple Computer's IMAC，which has strong visual impacts and outstanding dynamics.By this way，customer relationship can be set up through image，and brand can be treated as a sign that can transform people.Other examples commonly used are Disney Fairyland and Las Vegas，where new experience and imagination are fully demonstrated.In sum，consumption is negotiation，a never?ending conversation held in the languages of advertising，packaging，branding，fashion，and entertainment.
More Attention to the Image of Product
Section B (10 marks)
(2012·望城一中高三第四次调研)Now satellites are helping to forecast the weather.They are in space，and they can reach any part of the world.The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere，because this is where the weather forms.They send these pictures to the weather stations.So meteorologists can see the weather of any part of the world.From the pictures，the scientists can often say how the weather will change.
Today，nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures.When they receive new pictures，the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones.Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours.This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change，too.In their next weather forecast，the meteorologists can say this.
So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists.Before satellites were invented，the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours.Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days.Soon，perhaps，they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead.
61．Where does the weather form？(no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________
62．Why are the pictures a help to meteorologists？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________
63．To nearly how many weather stations worldwide are satellite cloud pictures available according to the article？(no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________
64．Could meteorologists even forecast the weather before the invention of the weather satellite？(no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________
Section C (25 marks)
(2013·泰州中学高三期中)北京某家政服务公司推出了“高考保姆”服务。“高考保姆”一般要有本科学历，他们既要辅导考生的薄弱学科，也要给考生做饭、洗衣服等。此项服务在社会上引起了不同的反响。现在请你结合此事并根据下面表格内容用英语写一篇短文。
注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，可适当发挥，不要逐句翻译。
2．词数不少于120个，开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
A domestic service company in Beijing provided “Gaokao nannies” for students who will take part in the college entrance examination.The nannies can not only tutor the students in their weak subjects but also wash clothes and cook meals for them.________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
综合检测(一)
1．B talk about“谈论，谈起”；go about“着手(做某事)，从事”；care about“关心”；come about“产生，发生”。根据句意“由于他们的试验失败了，我们必须更加谨慎地进行试验。”可知选B。
2．D 分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，其后为表语从句，从句中do为及物动词，所以从句缺宾语，故选what。
3．C carried out为过去分词短语在句中作see的宾语补足语。see sth. done结构意为“看见某事被做”。
4．B set up建立，创办；set down写下，记下；set about着手做；set off出发，动身。根据前一句“她是个勤奋的学生”可以推断后一句应是“她总是将老师讲的重点记下来”，所以选B。
5．A 句意：虽然一位成功的商人或发明家通常会变得富有，但许多在自己的领域中杰出的人对个人财产并不太关心。while在此引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。
6．A 由with her eyes ________ on the opposite wall可看出，填空处做with的复合宾语，排除C、D。fix和eyes是动宾关系，所以要用fixed，过去分词表示被动。
7．A 句意：在这么短的时间他几乎不能完成这么多工作。get through“完成”；get off“下车”；get into“进入”；get down“下来”。
8．D 考查倒装。表方位的介词短语under a big tree位于句首，句子应用完全倒装，不用助动词，因而选择D项。
9．A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据语境“只买我们能买得起和需要的”可知，买东西时要实际一些。
10．B 考查暗喻及介词的用法。此处把生活比作是一条曲线，“充满”应该用full of来表示，故选B项。
11．C 句意：一般来说，北方人爱吃饺子，南方人爱吃米饭。in common“共同地”；in total“整个地”；in general“一般地”；in particular“特别地”。
12．C 考查短语辨析。句意：今天早晨的雾太大了以至于司机们几乎不能看清前面十米远的物体。figure out想出，算出，理解；take out拿出，带……出去；make out看出，辨认出；rule out消除。
13．B 考查动词辨析。support支持，符合句意。consider考虑；agree同意；confirm证实，均不符合句意。
14．A 考查副词短语。more than＋adj.表示“非常，很”的意思，此处是很高兴；other than意思是“不同于，除了”；rather than意思是“胜过，而不是”；less than少于，决不。
15．A 从语境得知，对方在道歉，只能用 That's all right/It doesn't matter/Never mind(没关系)等回答；It's a pleasure/You are welcome/Don't mention it 都是回答 Thank you 的用语。
16．C 服务员向年轻人解释玫瑰花非常“昂贵”，不是六美元可以买得到的。此处讲的是价格问题，而不是玫瑰花的象征意义，因此D项不恰当。
17．B 年轻人乞求的声音“触动”了约翰的内心，此处touch表示“触动”。recall表示“回想，回忆”，主语一般是人。
18. B 约翰努了努嘴，向服务员示意他将替年轻人支付(购买玫瑰花)不足的钱，由于他只是用嘴示意，因而是“无声地”。
19．B 年轻人的目的是购买鲜花，自然是拿着“鲜花”跑出了商店。
20．A 约翰订购了自己的鲜花，并委托服务员在“送”花时要附上一张便条，表达他对母亲无比的爱意。transfer表示“转移，移交”，语意不恰当。
21．C 约翰已经委托服务员把鲜花送给他的母亲，并叮嘱对方要附上一张便条，由此可见他自认为已经办妥了一切，自我感觉“良好”。文章中没有提到他之前感到紧张，所以A项不恰当。
22．B 他遇到了红灯，自然要在红绿灯处“等候”。
23．B 上文提到他遇到红灯后停了下来，由此可推断此时红灯“变”成了绿灯，他缓缓驶过交叉点。
24．B 他一时冲动，想跟踪男孩，所以把车停到路边。此处pull over表示“把车停靠在路边”。break down表示“出故障，崩溃”；burst out表示“突然开始做某事”，后面需要跟宾语。
25．A 男孩小心翼翼地把玫瑰花“摆放”在坟墓上，失声痛哭起来。B项表示“装饰”，通常用于喜庆场合。
26．C 约翰没有想到男孩倾其所有购买玫瑰花是为了祭奠他的母亲，感动得“泪流满面”。
27．C 约翰告诉服务员他想亲自把花“带”给他的母亲。A项表示“带来”，显然不正确；B项表示“去拿来”，不符合语境。
28．Instead 29.fewer 30.It 31.However 32.Second 33.If
34．an/the/your 35.and
36．D 推理判断题。第一段中提到Mary Moore的妈妈建议她学打字，而第二段中她承认自己还不会使用电脑，由此可知她后悔自己没有听妈妈的建议。故答案为D项。
37．B 推理判断题。根据第三段得知，Mary在1995年的自传中主要介绍自己成功的演艺事业，而近期所写的第二本著作主要介绍她身患糖尿病的生活，她打算把这本书的收入都捐给JDRF，由此可知1995年前她只写了一本书而不是两本，故排除A项；依靠写作来支持JDRF是在1995年之后，故可排除D项；根据第二段的最后一句话可排除C项。故答案为B项。
38．A 事实细节题。根据第三段首句可知，第二本书与1995年的那本自传不同，这本书主要是关于Mary身患糖尿病的生活经历，故答案为A项。B项“她成功的演艺事业”应该是第一本自传的内容，故可排除。C、D两项均不是书的内容，可排除。
39．A 推理判断题。根据第二段可得知，Mary 想通过自己的书告诫那些患糖尿病的人，自我控制才会使情况变得更好，但第三段提到她自己并未那样去做，并且讲到了她在得到令生活改变的噩耗时的反应，由此可知那时她失去了控制，故答案为A项。
40．C 推理判断题。根据本段最后一句话可得知，Mary 想尽其所能来帮助他人，故答案为C项。根据本段第一句话可排除A项和B项，D项“Mary决定返回舞池”文中并未提到，因此可排除。
41．D 主旨大意题。通读全文，可知作者主要记录了他作为警察，在一次执行任务中的经历，故选D项。
42．C 细节理解题。根据第一段的It was 6∶00 pm and I was starting working a twelve?hour shift.可知作者接到那个任务的时候，他才刚开始那晚的晚班。
43．D 推理判断题。根据画线部分的内容，可知作者面对大火不知该做些什么，只能盯着大火，故可推断他没有应付这种大火的经验。
44．D 细节理解题。根据第三段的Something in the alleyway at the back of the store blew up可知应选D项。
45．C 细节理解题。根据第四段的so we started to try to put out the fire below the building.可知作者他们只是拿着水龙带在楼底下救火，并没有冲进大楼里去，故选C项。
46．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可以看出当时的美国社会是男性占主导地位的时代，女性在很多领域都不能涉足。
47．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“...Katharine didn't object and stayed at home as a wife and mother of four.”可知。
48．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Watergate made the Washington Post an internationally known paper...most powerful woman in America”。
49．B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，从文章可以知道她的丈夫取得一定的成绩并且因为绝望而自杀可以判断A、C两项错误。
50．C 确定文章标题。从文章的第一段就可以看出Katharine是如何从家庭主妇到成为华盛顿邮报的成功出版商的。
51．concerned/cared 52.use/fun_ction 53.attracted 54.the buying atmosphere 55.Ways 56.product image 57.communication 58.reason 59.computer games 60.Disney Fairyland
61．In the atmosphere 62.Because meteorologists will say how the weather changes from them. 63.500. 64.Yes，they could.
【参考范文】
A_domestic_service_company_in_Beijing_provided_“Gaokao_nannies”_for_students_who_will_take_part_in_the_college_entrance_examination.The_nannies_can_not_only_tutor_the_students_in_their_weak_subjects_but_also_wash_clothes_and_cook_meals_for_them.As for the matter，opinions are divided.
60% of the people are in favor of it.They think the college entrance examination is very important to the students，so it's necessary to employ people with specialized knowledge to take care of them.Meanwhile，many parents are too busy to spare the time to look after their children.However，the rest of the people are opposed to it.In their view，employing “Gaokao nannies” is likely to make the students nervous，which may have bad effects on them.Besides，the students should go through this key period of time accompanied by their parents.
From my point of view，I totally disagree with the former.If I were one of those who have “Gaokao nannies”，I would not be used to being taken care of by an unfamiliar person who cannot possibly understand me as well as my parents.Furthermore，hiring a “Gaokao nanny” costs a lot，which may burden the parents.
综合检测(一)
Unit 1 Careers and skills
(满分：100分；时间：100分钟)
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．Now they have failed in the experiment，we'll have to________ it more carefully.
A．talk about B．go about
C．care about D．come about
2．I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had the money.
A．why B．when
C．which D．what
3．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see________ the next year.
A．carry out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
4．She is a diligent student.She always________the key points of what the teachers lecture on.
A．sets up B．sets down
C．sets about D．sets off
5．________it is true that a successful businessman or inventor will usually become rich，many people who are outstanding in their field take little notice of personal possessions.
A．While B．Since
C．Unless D．If
6．(2013·合肥高三调研)The old woman sat alone in the room，in which there wasn't much furniture，with her eyes ________on the opposite wall.
A．fixed B．fixing
C．had been fixed D．were fixing
7．Hardly could he________this amount of work in such a short time.
A．get through B．get off
C．get into D．get down
8．Under a big tree ________，half asleep.
A．did sat a fat man B．a fat man sat
C．did a fat man sat D．sat a fat man
9．(2013·张家港高三检测)We have to be ________and buy only what we can afford and need.
A．practical B．mean
C．real D．valuable
10．My life ________one long curve，full ________turning points.
A．has；with B．is；of
C．has；of D．is；with
11．In________，the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.
A．common B．total
C．general D．particular
12．The fog was so heavy this morning that drivers could hardly ________the things just ten meters away from them.
A．figure out B．took out
C．make out D．rule out
13．—I think it's important to________local businesses by buying locally.
—I agree with you.
A．consider B．support
C．agree D．confirm
14．We were ________happy to know the manned spaceship Shenzhou Ⅶ landed on the earth successfully.
A．more than B．other than
C．rather than D．less than
15．—James，I am sorry I used your computer when you were away this morning.
—________.
A．That's all right B．It's a pleasure
C．You are welcome D．Don't mention it
Ⅱ.完形填空(共 20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
When I arrived at 6 a．m.in the large hospital kitchen，Rose was already checking name tags on the trays against the patient roster.“Hi，I'm Janet.”I tried to sound __16__，although I already knew Rose's__17__ for being impossible to work with.Rose stopped what she was doing and peered__18__ her reading glasses.I could tell from her expression she wasn't__19__ to see a student worker.
I filled the 40-cup pot with cold water and began making the __20__ when Rose rudely__21__，“That's not the way to make coffee.”She stepped in and__22__.“The patients like the coffee better the way I do it，” she__23__curtly.
Up to then I had__24__ that I had never before met anyone like Rose.But over the next few days I started seeing Rose as the__25__ person she was.I learned that she was__26__ by elderly parents who needed her care，her own health problems，and an alcoholic husband she was thinking of__27__.
The days slipped by quickly as I finished the last several weeks of my summer job.I soon would be__28__ as a full-time university student.One day，__29__ I was working alone in one of the hospital kitchens，Rose entered the room.Instead of her blue uniform，she was__30__ street clothes.“I've got myself another job and won't be working here anymore，” she said as she walked over and gave me a__31__ hug.I just came to say good-bye.Then she turned__32__ and walked out of the door.
Although I never saw Rose again，I still remember her__33__.That summer I learned a__34__ I've never forgotten.The world is full of people like Rose—irritating，demanding，unlovable—yet hurting inside.I've found that__35__ is the best way to turn an enemy into a friend.
16．A.hopeful B．cheerful
C．careful D．pitiful
17．A.reputation B．character
C．fame D．habit
18．A.behind B．through
C．over D．across
19．A.surprised B．pleased
C．honored D．supposed
20．A.coffee B．mistakes
C．roster D．tags
21．A.involved B．interrupted
C．disturbed D．claimed
22．A.turned over B．got over
C．looked over D．took over
23．A.replied B．commented
C．described D．spoke
24．A.reminded B．remembered
C．realized D．recognized
25．A.boring B．hurting
C．puzzling D．caring
26．A.bothered B．raised
C．burdened D．helped
27．A.caring B．leaving
C．escaping D．visiting
28．A.working B．serving
C．returning D．staying
29．A.since B．because
C．while D．before
30．A.wearing B．taking
C．trying D．dressing
31．A.shy B．quick
C．caring D．gentle
32．A.satisfactorily B．proudly
C．unwillingly D．immediately
33．A.obviously B．vividly
C．frequently D．consequently
34．A.lesson B．technique
C．moral D．fact
35．A.hatred B．help
C．communication D．love
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Researches have shown that the first impression you make on an interviewer really counts.Fortunately，there are some actions you can take to help master the first impression.
Timing：Few things give a worse impression than showing up late for an important meeting.Allow yourself plenty of time to get to the interview in case you have trouble finding the office.Ideally，you should check in(报到) five to ten minutes early and always be polite and professional to everyone you meet—you never know how much influence the man may have on the hiring decision.
Appearance：Like it or not，people make judgments on appearances，so it's important to look like a good professional.Never wear anything sloppy(邋遢的) or tight.High-quality business suits are always appropriate for both men and women.And always be sure that your hair is clean.
Handshake：According to some experts，your grip(握法) expresses different meanings.Offer a weak handshake and your partner will think you're hesitant(犹豫的) or cowardly(怯懦的)．Give a firm handshake and you can appear overly enthusiastic.But when you shake with a medium-firm grip，you express confidence.
Body language：The best way to make others comfortable when you first meet them is by giving them a true smile.A study found that 55 percent of communication is received from the body language.To ensure your body language shows your confidence，sit up straight with your shoulders back.Avoid crossing your legs and don't adopt a casual pose—even if your interviewer does.If staring straight into the interviewer's eyes makes you uncomfortable，look at her or his nose instead—it looks like you're still making eye contact，but might be less nervous.
36．The most harmful action to your first impression is________.
A．to dress casually B．to arrive late
C．to speak too much D．to cross your legs
37．To make a good first impression，you'd better______.
A．give a medium-firm grip to express confidence
B．not give a handshake to show your carefulness
C．give a weak handshake to show your good temper
D．give a strong handshake to show your strength
38．This text is especially suitable for those who want______.
A．to attend a job interview
B．to make a date with a new girlfriend
C．to see a stranger
D．to make a new friend in a party
B
My English teacher，Marsha Pincus，took time to ask whether her students had eaten breakfast in the morning，or if they had enough warm clothes to wear in winter.She did all that and more for me when I was growing up in inner-city Philadelphia，one of eight kids raised by a single mother.
Mrs.Pincus told me to come by or to call her if I needed to.She cared about me.She gave a skinny kid like me some extra support.
I was always something of a smart-mouth when I was young，but Mrs.Pincus helped me channel my enthusiasm into something positive.When she was out on maternity leave(产假) with her first child，a substitute teacher came in for English classes.On the first day，this teacher had trouble controlling the classroom.I watched kids cutting up in front of her and got really mad.This was my favorite class；I loved learning Shakespeare.
I knew the substitute would talk to Mrs.Pincus and that she'd be disappointed.“We need to stop this! ”I shouted.Usually I was the one clowning around，but the kids seemed to listen.I ended up standing in front of the room discussing Julius Caesar.Later，the substitute told Mrs.Pincus about the skinny boy who taught the lesson.Mrs.Pincus said she knew right away what had happened.“Without her even naming you，I knew it was you，” she told me.
Looking back，I think that was when the teacher in me started to emerge(显出)．Mrs.Pincus retired this year after more than 30 years of teaching.I spoke at her retirement party.It was one of the hardest things I've ever done.But because of this lady's encouragement，I learned I belonged to the classroom，the front of it.
39．What can we know about Mrs.Marsha Pincus?
A．She liked to ask her students all kinds of questions.
B．She gave birth to more than eight children all her life.
C．She cared about all her students，especially the author.
D．She taught the author literature before her retirement.
40．It can be inferred from the text that________.
A．the substitute teacher was lacking in knowledge about English
B．Mrs.Pincus got really mad when she first learned about what happened
C．the author was quite thin when the story happened
D．Mrs.Pincus and the substitute teacher were good friends
41．We can say that the author is most probably________.
A．a journalist B．a teacher
C．a lawyer D．a novelist
42．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To remember one of his favorite teachers.
B．To tell an inspiring story about himself in his teens.
C．To show his close relationship with his teacher.
D．To share his good time spent in middle school.
C
In a world with limited land，water and other natural resources(资源)，the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise.Actually，the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm.People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways.That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products.In other words，we should keep the globe healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today，sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries.According to a recent study，the global markets for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade.China，for example，has set its mind on leading that markets，hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution.It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy，and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains.In addition，we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest.In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown more than 50%.
Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets.First，they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放)and targets for saving and reusing energy.Besides，stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development.Finally，governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction，and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one.
The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet.That is no small task，but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.
43．The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ________.
A．it makes the world warmer
B．it consumes natural resources
C．it brings severe damage to future
D．it makes growth hard to continue
44．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．China lacks wind and solar energy.
B．China is the leader of the low-carbon markets.
C．High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.
D．Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.
45．We can learn from the last paragraph that business has many chances to________.
A．develop sustainable products
B．explore new natural resources
C．make full use of natural resources
D．deal with the major challenge
D
If you take it for granted that to study in university is the same as at middle school and high school，then you will be in for a surprise.
A change of attitude is involved in many ways when you go up to university.Although the process has been going on since you went to middle school，the biggest change is going to take place.Now，instead of taking several subjects，you have chosen one major subject because you find it interesting and worth exploring further.The choice is yours.You also have before you the goal of getting a degree.The degree，and the stages you have to pass through to achieve it，give you motivation，even though it may become weak from time to time，and not all parts of the course will be exciting；a sure way to lose interest is to do too little work.It is a law of diminishing returns—the less work you do，the less interest you will have and the more bored you will become.So regular work is needed to keep your interest as well as keep pace with new work.
Another change is in the relationship with those who teach you.This may well have changed during middle school and high school，but now the whole context is different.You are no longer forced to stay in school all day，and you organize your own time and place for studying.You are there to study actively rather than to be taught passively.Your teachers may or may not urge you，but they do want you to share their interest in the subject and they want you to succeed.
The teacher works as your coach or trainer.If you were becoming a professional tennis player or musician，you would expect your coach to look out for ways of improving your performance，and to criticize your work all the time；you would be silly to feel fed up about this—in fact you would sack your coach if he just said everything was fine.So if you get work back with a poorer mark than you expected and with various criticisms，don't feel discouraged by this.If you don't understand what is wrong and how to improve，then ask your teacher to explain and don't be satisfied until you do understand.
46．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．You need to study just one subject in university.
B．The desire to get a degree is always strong throughout the university days.
C．How hard-working the students are affects their interest in their study.
D．You needn't be taught by teachers in university.
47．The teachers in university ________.
A．have to urge you to study hard
B．may instruct you how to improve your studies
C．never criticize your work
D．never help you if you fail to understand a difficult problem
48．In university，what you can do includes________.
a．going shopping in the evening
b．organizing your class time
c．doing homework in your dormitory
d．staying in school all day
A．abc B．ac
C．bd D．acd
49．The underlined word “sack” in the last paragraph probably means________.
A．disbelieve B．like
C．fire D．thank
50．The main idea of the passage is that________.
A．students go to university to get a degree
B．going to university brings two major changes
C．students learn how to study in university
D．students learn to understand college life
Ⅳ.任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
We all have behaviors that we use to deal with issues in our lives that aren't constructive，rather they're ultimately destructive.However，because the behavior we choose is meeting some immediate need we continue to use them.These behaviors may be in the form of addictions such as a drug or alcohol addiction to avoid dealing with depression because we're having difficulties with boundaries.There're other types of behaviors that we all have to allow us to mask a problem or escape from facing truth.These mayn't reach the level of hard core addictions but they certainly rate up there as really bad habits or soft addictions.These soft addictions，if not addressed，can create bigger problems in our lives that then start to negativity impact our world.This，by very definition，then becomes a true addiction.The three top life wasting soft addictions that are all around us include：
Negativity—always nagging，always complaining and always looking for why sometime won't or can't work is the hallmark of a negative habit.This waste of our time in life leads to ruined relationships，missed opportunities and a low sense of self esteem as we become more and more isolated and less and less involved in the world around us.
Escape from reality—while alcohol and drugs are an escape from reality there're at least two other major ways to avoid dealing with the world around you and reality.These two include spending time in cyberspace instead of living in the real world and avoiding people by spending time watching television.When these two activities become your social world or you put off spending time with real people to interact or watch virtual people or characters，there's a real disconnect with a healthy social life.
Food—there're real food addictions that are very serious，but there're also people that use food as a crutch or a tool to deal with issues without becoming truly addicted.Food soft addictions are a life wasting behavior since this type of uncontrolled food use can
lead to health problems that dramatically affect length and quality of life.
Talk to a life coach，addiction therapist or a counselor if you think that any behavior that you're using on a regular basis is negatively impacting your life.It's never too late to get on a positive track！
Ⅴ.书面表达(满分25分)
(2013·泰州中学高三期中)北京某家政服务公司推出了“高考保姆”服务。“高考保姆”一般要有本科学历，他们既要辅导考生的薄弱学科，也要给考生做饭、洗衣服等。此项服务在社会上引起了不同的反响。现在请你结合此事并根据下面表格内容用英语写一篇短文。
注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，可适当发挥，不要逐句翻译。
2．词数150左右，开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
A domestic service company in Beijing provided “Gaokao nannies” for students who will take part in the college entrance examination.The nannies can not only tutor the students in their weak subjects but also wash clothes and cook meals for them._______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
综合检测(一)
1．B talk about“谈论，谈起”；go about“着手(做某事)，从事”；care about“关心”；come about“产生，发生”。根据句意“由于他们的试验失败了，我们必须更加谨慎地进行试验。”可知选B。
2．D 分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，其后为表语从句，从句中do为及物动词，所以从句缺宾语，故选what。
3．C carried out为过去分词短语在句中作see的宾语补足语。see sth. done结构意为“看见某事被做”。
4．B set up建立，创办；set down写下，记下；set about着手做；set off出发，动身。根据前一句“她是个勤奋的学生”可以推断后一句应是“她总是将老师讲的重点记下来”，所以选B。
5．A 句意：虽然一位成功的商人或发明家通常会变得富有，但许多在自己的领域中杰出的人对个人财产并不太关心。while在此引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。
6．A 由with her eyes ________ on the opposite wall可看出，填空处做with的复合宾语，排除C、D。fix和eyes是动宾关系，所以要用fixed，过去分词表示被动。
7．A 句意：在这么短的时间他几乎不能完成这么多工作。get through“完成”；get off“下车”；get into“进入”；get down“下来”。
8．D 考查倒装。表方位的介词短语under a big tree位于句首，句子应用完全倒装，不用助动词，因而选择D项。
9．A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据语境“只买我们能买得起和需要的”可知，买东西时要实际一些。
10．B 考查暗喻及介词的用法。此处把生活比作是一条曲线，“充满”应该用full of来表示，故选B项。
11．C 句意：一般来说，北方人爱吃饺子，南方人爱吃米饭。in common“共同地”；in total“整个地”；in general“一般地”；in particular“特别地”。
12．C 考查短语辨析。句意：今天早晨的雾太大了以至于司机们几乎不能看清前面十米远的物体。figure out想出，算出，理解；take out拿出，带……出去；make out看出，辨认出；rule out消除。
13．B 考查动词辨析。support支持，符合句意。consider考虑；agree同意；confirm证实，均不符合句意。
14．A 考查副词短语。more than＋adj.表示“非常，很”的意思，此处是很高兴；other than意思是“不同于，除了”；rather than意思是“胜过，而不是”；less than少于，决不。
15．A 从语境得知，对方在道歉，只能用 That's all right/It doesn't matter/Never mind(没关系)等回答；It's a pleasure/You are welcome/Don't mention it 都是回答 Thank you 的用语。
【语篇解读】 在医院做实习生的经历让我认识到，关爱可以化干戈为玉帛，强悍与冷酷在爱面前显得柔弱无力。
16．B 尽管我知道Rose是一个很难相处的人，但还是尽量表现出高兴的样子。根据行文逻辑可知，作者已经对Rose有所了解。hopeful有希望的；careful谨慎的；pitiful可怜的，以上三项均与语境不符。cheerful高兴的，与语境相符。
17．A character性格；fame声誉，通常指好的声誉；habit习惯，均与语境不符。reputation名声，此处指不好的名声。
18．C Rose停下来，从眼镜边上瞥了我一眼。peer窥视，不正眼看，有蔑视之意。
19．B 从她的表情来看，她不愿意在这儿看到实习生。surprised惊讶的；honored荣幸的；supposed应当的。根据语境可知pleased符合当时Rose的表情。
20．A 根据下文可知，“我”为患者们冲咖啡。
21．B Rose粗鲁地打断了我正在干的活儿。interrupt打断，打扰。involve涉及，卷入；disturb打扰，干扰；claim声称，均与语境不符。
22．D 她进来后，从我的手中夺过咖啡壶。turn over推翻，颠覆；get over克服；look over监视，均与语境不符。take over抢过去，占领。从Rose咄咄逼人的态度来看，D项正确。
23．A 她粗鲁地说“病人们更喜欢我冲的咖啡”。comment评论；describe描述；speak说(后接除English等表语言的名词外，不接宾语)，这三项都与语境不符。
24．C 直到此时我才意识到我从来没有遇到过像Rose这样的人。remind提醒；remember记得；recognize辨认，均不符合文意。
25．B 根据下文叙述可知，Rose其实是一个受过伤害的人。boring令人厌倦的；puzzling令人费解的；caring悉心的。根据语境可知，B项正确。
26．C 我了解到，Rose的年迈的父母需要她的照顾，她自己身体也不好，她的丈夫是个酒鬼，她正考虑跟他离婚。根据语境，这些都是Rose的负担。因此C项正确。bother打扰；raise抚养；help帮助，均与语境不符。burden负担。
27．B 从alcoholic一词判断，Rose是讨厌她的丈夫这样堕落的。因此她打算离开他。care照顾；escape逃避；visit拜访，均与语境不符。
28．C 不久我将返校继续读书了。根据语境可知，作者只是跟着Rose实习，是在校生。实习结束后将返校学习。根据full-time的暗示可知。
29．C 一天当我在医院的一个厨房独自工作时，Rose走了进来。while在……的时候。根据行文逻辑可知，since从……以来；because因为；before在……之前，都与语境不符。
30．A 根据Instead of her blue uniform可知，她是穿着休闲装来医院与我告别的。dress为及物动词，意为“为……穿衣”，不符合语境。
31．B 她走过来，匆匆地拥抱了我一下。shy害羞的；caring悉心的；gentle温柔的，根据语境这些描述均不符合Rose的性格特点。她的遭遇使她养成了形色匆忙、对别人态度冰冷的处事风格。
32．D 说完，她马上转身走出门去。satisfactorily满足地；proudly傲慢地；unwillingly不情愿地，均与语境不符。immediately立刻，立即。
33．B 尽管我再也没有见到Rose，但我依然很清楚地记得她。obviously明显地；frequently频繁地；consequently结果是。根据never一词的暗示，可知vividly(鲜明地，清晰地)一词符合语境。
34．A 那年夏天我学到了一个永远都不会忘记的道理。lesson道理，教训；technique技巧，工艺；moral寓意，fact事实。分析语境可知，A项正确。
35．D 我发现要化干戈为玉帛的话，关爱是最好的手段。分析语境可知，hatred憎恨；help帮助；communication沟通，均与语境不符。
【语篇解读】 本文为信息材料类说明文。良好的第一印象是通往职场的“敲门砖”，而不良的第一印象也会变成求职路上的“绊脚石”。
36．B 推理判断题。由第二段首句可知，不守时是最糟糕的。
37．A 细节理解题。第四段解释了握手时不同的力度往往意味着不同的含义，中等力度的握手不卑不亢，最为合适、恰当。
38．A 写作对象题。从第二段最后一句，hiring一词可得到提示，从全文也可看出本篇文章主要是给参加面试的人提供了一些建议。
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了Pincus老师对他的帮助、鼓励和影响。
39．C 细节理解题。从文章第一段中的叙述得知Mrs.Pincus经常对学生们嘘寒问暖，呵护备至，而对我的关心更是有过之而无不及。
40．C 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Later，the substitute told Mrs.Pincus about the skinny boy who taught the lesson.”可知，作者当时很瘦。
41．B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Looking back，I think that was when the teacher in me started to emerge.”和“But because of this lady's encouragement，I learned I belonged to the classroom，the front of it”可知作者深受这位英语老师的影响，发现自己也是属于讲台的。故他最有可能是老师。
42．A 意图猜测题。作者在Mrs.Pincus退休的时候写下了这篇文章，回忆了当年发生的故事。正是Mrs.Pincus的关怀和鼓励改变了作者，因此撰此文纪念老师，感谢老师。
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章叙述了传统的商业结构对地球自然资源的危害，包括温室效应等环境问题。在政府的努力下，中国将走可持续发展道路，低碳生活也将成为世界的主导趋势。
43．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise和the globe becoming increasingly warm可知，地球气候越来越暖，对将来有很大的危害。
44．C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，中国为了低碳生活正努力尝试着利用风能和太阳能；花费巨资制造电车和高速火车，故选C正确。
45．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries可知，给商业提供了很多机会来生产可持续性工业产品。
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在进入大学之后，你会发现大学生活与初中和高中生活有着截然不同的方面，而且个人的学习态度以及老师的态度都会对学生和生活产生很大的影响。
46．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中the less work you do，the less interest you will have and the more bored you will become可判断，越勤奋的学生越会对学习感兴趣。
47．B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段The teacher works as your coach or trainer.可判断，老师会指导学生进行学习。
48．D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段You are no longer forced to stay in school all day，and you organize your own time and place for studying.可判断，学生不必一直待在学校；可以安排自己的学习时间和地点。
49．C 猜测词义题。根据you would be silly to feel fed up about this可知，你不应该感到满足，要坚持让老师把你的问题解决，因此in fact you would sack your coach if he just said everything was fine，很显然如果教练说事事都可以的话，你就会解雇他。
50．B 主旨大意题。根据文章大意，本文主要写了大学生活带来的两种改变，可判断B正确。
51．Behaviors 52.constructive 53.addictions 54.types/kinds
55．leads 56.reality 57.cyberspace 58.Food 59.issues/problems 60.affect/influence
【参考范文】
A_domestic_service_company_in_Beijing_provided_“Gaokao_nannies”_for_students_who_will_take_part_in_the_college_entrance_examination.The_nannies_can_not_only_tutor_the_students_in_their_weak_subjects_but_also_wash_clothes_and_cook_meals_for_them.As for the matter，opinions are divided.
60% of the people are in favor of it.They think the college entrance examination is very important to the students，so it's necessary to employ people with specialized knowledge to take care of them.Meanwhile，many parents are too busy to spare the time to look after their children.However，the rest of the people are opposed to it.In their view，employing “Gaokao nannies” is likely to make the students nervous，which may have bad effects on them.Besides，the students should go through this key period of time accompanied by their parents.
From my point of view，I totally disagree with the former.If I were one of those who have “Gaokao nannies”，I would not be used to being taken care of by an unfamiliar person who cannot possibly understand me as well as my parents.Furthermore，hiring a “Gaokao nanny” costs a lot，which may burden the parents.
YL 英语 选修11 (湖南专用)
Unit 1 Careers and skills
课时作业(一) Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Still，some jobs seem better ________(适合) to certain types of people.
2．________(实际上) Christmas Day is not the day on which Jesus Christ was born.
3．Look at these ________(所谓的) experts，what are they doing?
4．Let's look at all the ________(选择) available.
5．Can you tell me where the nearest ________(理发店) is?
6．The________(店主) were told to keep the suspected man under constant observation.
7．Where do we check in our ________(行李)?
8．He paid the money back soon after he got a ______(薪酬丰厚的) job.
9．I asked the ________(女店员) if she had a larger size.
10．Mother has been advertising for ________(清洁工) for weeks without success.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Finding a job in China that Tom is________ is difficult，for he knows little Chinese at all.
A．related to B．accustomed to
C．devoted to D．suited to
2．(2013·长沙高三调研)________you may be right，I can't agree completely.
A．While B．As
C．If D．Since
3．Some people work well ________ while others get nervous and do badly.
A．under way B．under control
C．under pressure D．under repair
4．It's a difficult job unless you ________it in a right way.
A．go by B．go out
C．go about D．go away
5．Now that we've discussed our problem，are people happy with the decisions ________？
A．take B．taking
C．taken D．to take
6．Happiness doesn't always________money.
A．go through B．go in for
C．go with D．go over
7．The hostess started________ the house immediately the last guest left.
A．picking up B．turning up
C．clearing up D．putting up
8．In that school，English is compulsory for all students，but French and Russian are ________.
A．special B．regional
C．optional D．original
9．(2013·岳阳高三检测)If ________in，they can result in illness or even death.
A．breathing B．breathed
C．breathe D．to breathe
10．We should know that we can only reach the top if we are ready to ________and learn from failure.
A．deal with B．depend on
C．carry on D．go with
11．There is no ________but ________stick to our original ideal.
A．selection；to B．choice；/
C．option；to D．option；/
12．She has already tried her best.Please don't be too________about her job.
A．special B．responsible
C．unusual D．particular
13．Everyone likes the stranger，but________he is a criminal.
A．in secret B．in detail
C．in preparation D．in reality
14．Her speech ________the occasion.
A．suited B．suits for
C．fits D．is suitable for
15．Every ________space on the wall was covered with newspapers.
A．available B．valuable
C．ordinary D．comfortable
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Are you fresh out of college，looking to start a career？Have you recently started your very first job? Here are some nice tips to guide you through the first few days.
1．Listen more than you talk.Collect the information about how the organization works，and the reasons why，before you offer “helpful” advice.
2．Don't segregate yourself with people in your age group.Get to know older workers，too.The young group may be more fun for happy hours，but those who are a decade or more older than you can possibly help with your career.And you might find out you enjoy the company，too!
3．Take mistakes seriously.There's nothing more disappointing than a worker who made a mistake and doesn't seem to think it's a big deal.When you make a mistake，immediately be responsible for it，figure out how you're going to fix it，and make it clear that you understand its seriousness.Responses(回复)like “my bad” or worse，no response at all，signal that you don't take work seriously.
4．Take notes.Your boss expects you to remember the special instructions you were given.For most people，that means taking notes.And while a good manager is happy to answer questions，she won't be if the questions are ones she already answered when you weren't bothering to pay attention.
5．Be open to learning.College gave you theory；work is going to give something entirely different.So stay modest and realize your first job is going to be largely about learning.
6．Thank people who help you.When your boss or another coworker(同事)takes the time to help you with something，give them a sincere “thank you”．People who feel appreciated are more likely to go out of their way for you again.If you don't seem to care，they probably won't bother again.
1．The passage is written for________.
A．fresh graduates B．company leaders
C．old workers D．new advisers
2．The underlined word “segregate” probably means________.
A．connect B．treat
C．separate D．share
3．If you made a mistake you should________.
A．think it's not a big deal
B．try to fix it at once
C．say something like “my bad”
D．give no responses at all
4．If you want to remember something that has been given，you had better ________.
A．listen more than you talk
B．take mistakes seriously
C．take notes
D．be open to learning
5．From the last two paragraphs we can learn ________.
A．work can also give us some theory
B．we should often help our coworkers
C．we shouldn't bother to appreciate others
D．we should care for others' help
B
(2013·福建高考)A MENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg，the program's founder，said: “We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.”
“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.For example，we've secured internships (实习) with world-famous firms such as Honda.”
“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring，it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.” Kieran Hepburn,14，is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) International Youth Forum(论坛)．
The event was held for young people from around the world，to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event.Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience.“Before we left I didn't quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn't stop，it was amazing，” he said，“We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”
The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues (问题) such as drug abuse，violence and unemployment.
Kieran said：“It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury.For details visit www.younginspirations.com.
6．The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to ________.
A．train staff for world-famous firms
B．offer job opportunities to young adults
C．provide youth with unique experiences
D．equip the unemployed with different skills
7．According to Alex Goldberg，it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ________.
A．the lack of support from firms
B．the cultural differences
C．the effect of unemployment
D．the shortage of money
8．According to the passage，the forum focused on how youth can ________.
A．build up their confidence at school
B．find work experience opportunities
C．improve their social skills for the future
D．play an active role in the change of society
9．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing
B．Kieran has made great progress in many aspects
C．the youth have found a way to solve their problems
D．the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday
10．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Alex Goldberg，Founder of Young Inspirations
B．Young People Find a World of Opportunity
C．Kieran，Banbury School Pupil to Paris
D．Debates Help Youth with Their Grades
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．你的行为不合时宜。(suited)
________________________________________________________________
2．她喜欢物理，而我喜欢英语。(while)
________________________________________________________________
3．我知道如何处理这件事。(deal with)
________________________________________________________________
4．尽管缺钱，他的父母还是想办法让他上了大学。(though＋分词)
________________________________________________________________
5．由向导带路，我们毫不费力地找到了那个村庄。(with复合结构)
________________________________________________________________
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.1.suited 2.Actually 3.so-called 4.options 5.barbershop 6.shopkeepers 7.baggage 8.well-paid 9.salesgirl
10．cleaners
Ⅱ.1.D 根据句意“想在中国找一份适合汤姆的工作很难，因为他几乎不会汉语。”可知选D。be related to意思是“和……有关”；be accustomed to意思是“习惯于”；be devoted to意思是“致力于”；be suited to意思是“适合于”。
2．A while用作从属连词时，可表示“尽管；虽然”，引导一个让步状语从句。
3．C 根据句意“有些人在压力下也能很好地工作，而其他人会变得紧张并且做得很糟糕。”可知C项正确。under pressure在压力下；under way在进行中；under control在掌控中；under repair在修理中。
4．C 根据句意，这里应填表示“着手干”的意思。go about表示“开始，着手(工作)”。go by表示时间的“过去，流失”；go out表示“出去，熄灭”；go away表示“离开”。
5．C 根据从句的时态可知，问题已经讨论完，take与decisions之间是被动关系，故选C项。
6．C 句意：幸福未必总是伴随金钱而来。go through经历；go in for参加，喜欢；go with伴随；go over重温，检查。
7．C pick up捡起，学会，接某人；turn up调高，出现，露面；clear up整理，清理，收拾；put up张贴，挂起。根据句意：最后一位客人一离开女主人就开始收拾房子。可知选C。
8．C special特别的；regional地区的；optional可选择的；original最初的。根据句意可知，在那所学校，英语是必修课，紧接着后面用but进行转折，由此可知法语和俄语不是必修课而是可以选修。
9．B 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果它们被吸入，它们就会导致疾病甚至死亡。此处可改写为：If they are breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.。
10．A 考查动词短语的意义区别。A项的意思是处置，处理；B项意思是依赖、依靠；C项的意思是进行下去，继续开展，坚持下去；D项的意思是伴随，与……相配，与……持同一看法。根据语境可知答案选A项。
11．C have no option but to do sth.＝have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只好干某事。
12．D be particular about...对……挑剔。句意：她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。
13．D 根据句意“每个人都喜欢这位陌生人，但实际上他是个罪犯。”可知D项正确。in reality事实上，实际上；in secret秘密地；in detail详细地；in preparation在准备中。
14．D suit和fit均可作及物动词，fit一般用作sth.fits sb.，此处be suitable for符合句意。
15．A available可利用的；valuable有价值的；ordinary普通的；comfortable舒适的，根据题意应选A项。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章向刚刚走出大学校门，准备找工作或刚开始工作的毕业生提供了6条实用且有效的建议。
1．A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文是向刚刚走出大学校门，准备找工作或刚开始工作的毕业生提供一些建议。故答案为A。只要准确理解第一段段意，此题就不会误选。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据段落内容，特别是Get to know older workers too“同时和前辈搞好关系”可判断出这句话的意思是“不要跟你的同龄人一起而与其他人搞隔离”。故答案为C。其他选项放在句中意思逻辑不通顺。
3．B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，一旦犯错，立刻承担起自己的责任，尽快找出解决的方法。只是说“是我的错”或者更糟糕的是，完全没有任何反应，表现出你完全不把你的工作当回事。故答案为B。其他选项都是不应该做的。
4．C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，如果你要详细记住给你的指示或老板已经说过的话，你一定要记笔记。故答案为C。
5．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，他们得到感谢后，你再次遇到困难时，他们是更乐于伸出援助之手的。如果你不把别人的善意当回事，那很可能下次他们也不再理你。由此可判断出“我们应该尊重别人的帮助”。故答案为D。其他选项与最后两段的内容不相符。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型体系——Young Inspirations。这种体系既能提高年轻人的学业水平，又能帮助他们拥有更多的生活经历以便更好地塑造未来。
6．C 推理判断题。通读文章我们可以发现Young Inspirations不仅能帮助年轻人提高学业水平还能为他们塑造美好未来提供各种经验，故C项正确。A项“为世界著名公司培训员工”，更换了适用对象，与原文不符；B项给young adults提供工作，扩大了适用对象，也不正确；D项“为失业者培训不同的技能”，也是片面的。
7．D 细节理解题。由第五段第一句可知由于资金缩减，造成了学校采用这一体系的困难，所以D项正确。A项“缺少公司支持”，与第四段最后一句“我们与世界著名公司，如Honda公司落实了实习关系”这一表述相矛盾；B项和C项文章没有提及。
8．D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知这次讨论会的主题是年轻人如何驾驭政治和公众生活的变化，这将对他们人生的变化起着积极的指导作用，所以D项正确。A、C两项的表述只是Kieran的个人看法而不是讨论会的主题；文章并没有提到讨论会的主题是“找到就业经验机会”，故B项不正确。
9．B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段不难推断，这次讨论会不仅使Kieran获得了信心，而且社会技能和学业也取得了巨大进步，故B项正确；A项错在这次参观的目的地不是英国而是法国。C项“年轻人通过这次论坛已经找到了解决问题的办法”，过于绝对化；D项“导师制论坛除了星期五每天都举行”，而文章最后一段讲到“只在周五举行”，正好相反。
10．B 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍通过关于导师制这一新体系的参观研讨活动，给年轻人的未来生活提供了许多经验和机会，故B项正确。A项只是介绍创始人；C项只是一个个案，没有升华为主题；D项则强调辩论的意义，偏离主题。
Ⅳ.1.Your behaviour isn't suited to/for the occasion.
2．She likes physics，while I like English.
3．I know how to deal with it.
4．Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.
5．With the guide leading the way，we had no difficulty in finding the village.
课时作业(二) Word power & Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．People consider ________(狐狸) as clever but sly animals.
2．The tribesmen were armed with________(矛) and shields.
3．He is busy________(除草) in the garden.
4．The message travels along the________(神经) to the brain.
5．He likes to watch a________(魔术师) performing tricks.
6．But the________(铸铁制的) rail by the side should be European in style.
7．Your invention is clever，but not________(实用)．
8．It's known that the price________(包括) postage charges.
9．The report's conclusions were already________(熟悉的) enough to the government.
10．These are leather goods of high________(质量)．
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Thousands of works of art，________the most famous paintings，were missing during the war.
A．including B．included
C．containing D．contained
2．(2013·岳阳高三检测)Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.________ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友) from home and abroad.
A．Attend B．To attend
C．Attending D．Having attended
3．The father as well as his three children ________ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon.
A．is going B．go
C．goes D．are going
4．When we plan our vacation，mother often offers______suggestions.
A．careful B．practical
C．effective D．practise
5．I used to quarrel a lot with my parents，but now we________fine.
A．look out B．stay up
C．carry on D．get along
6．Jay is familiar __________ music and he is familiar ______young fans.
A．to；with B．with；to
C．with；with D．to；to
7．It's wrong ________you to be late ________class.
A．with；with B．of；for
C．for；to D．of；in
8．It was not a serious illness，and she soon______it.
A．got over B．got on with
C．got around D．got out of
9．(2013·株洲高三质检)—Are all the titles of the articles ________in the contents?
—Yes，all________.
A．listed；included
B．listing；includes
C．listed；including
D．being listed；being included
10．Without facts，we can't form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge________our thinking.
A．which to base on
B．which to be based on
C．on which to base
D．with which to base on
11．Keep on practicing.You will play the piano ________，if not better than，Lang Lang.
A．so good B．so well
C．so well as D．as well as
12．There is a new problem________in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need improving.
A．involving B．involved
C．including D．included
13．Tom________in the library every night over the last three months.
A．works B．worked
C．has been working D．had been working
14．It was never clear ________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A．that B．how
C．when D．why
15．This company is more concerned with ________than with ______，so it will become more popular.
A．quality；quantity B．quantities；quality
C．amount；quantity D．number；quantities
Ⅲ.完形填空
A
(2012·湖南长沙第一次模拟)One winter during college in New York，I took an 8：00 a．m. history class.The professor was very __1__in class.He just looked at his lecture notes and __2__looked up at us.I felt that I needed to get rid of my boredom，so I created a little __3__for myself.I tried to find something from his lecture to ask a question about，forcing me to__4__rather than letting my eyes close.The first time I raised my hand，he was surprised，but obviously pleased to have a question to answer.__5__，his answers were always interesting.I continued to do this every day in the course and found myself actually __6__the material.The professor became a bit more __7__and some other students also joined me in asking questions.My little game had __8__me from being bored，__9__it was expected to do.I learned a lot about world history in the discussions with him.The professor obviously knew his material，but had a hard time __10__it on to his undergraduates in an interesting way.One the last day of class we gathered our books and headed for the door for the last time.The shy professor stepped directly in front of me as I reached the door.“Thank you for making this class so interesting.”He said.I was so surprised.To me，it had been a pleasant way to pass the time；I had no idea that my asking questions had an effect on him and the others at all.That moment has stayed with me for 30 years.Each of us can have a(n)__11__not just on our own experiences，but on those of others，and I'll never forget the professor who taught me a lesson about the power of acts of kindness，intended __12__not.
1．A.peaceful B．accustomed
C．nervous D．absent
2．A.frequently B．suddenly
C．nearly D．rarely
3．A.game B．prize
C．toy D．advantage
4．A.stare B．concentrate
C．comment D．present
5．A.Therefore B．Otherwise
C．In fact D．On the contrary
6．A.improving B．writing
C．misunderstanding D．enjoying
7．A.relaxed B．graceful
C．serious D．clever
8．A.separated B．saved
C．awoken D．avoided
9．A.which B．since
C．as D．what
10．A.carrying B．passing
C．bringing D．putting
11．A.idea B．effect
C．effort D．power
12．A.and B．so
C．or D．but
B
Parents are busy people.If they are working，they are usually not at home 13 their children return from school.Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 14 after-school note for their children.They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table，the refrigerator， 15 another place where their children are sure to find it.
A note is often a 16 way to “talk”with a child than using the telephone.For one thing，parents have time to think about 17 they want to say before they write. 18 another，the note lists all the information in one place.It is easy to read again and again.People often forget all the details that 19 hear in a telephone call.Finally，cell phones can be turned 20 or telephone calls not answered.For these reasons，after-school notes are very popular with parents.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The words “college” and “university”represent educational institutions，but there is a difference.At the same time the difference between a college and a university also changes according to the area it is preferred to be in.The meaning of college and university is different in the USA from what it means in Canada and UK.
The word “college”is taken from the Latin word “collegium.”The meaning of the word is a group of people staying together for a common purpose，but with their own choice.Hence，you will often come across college students referred to as fellows.However，the word “college” as we use today is used to show an educational institution.There are different undergraduate and graduate courses offered in colleges.The traditional meaning of college was an institution，which was a part of a university.The university was divided into colleges for administration purposes.
Like the word “college”，the word “university” is also taken from the Latin words “universitas magistrorum et scholarium”．The meaning of the word “university” has not undergone a sea of changes and it continues to mean almost the same.In other words，universities are seats of advanced education，which offer opportunities both for learning as well as for research.
The difference between college and university lies in the variety of courses offered.Often colleges are restricted to one kind of field.They offer education either in science，arts，commerce，law，business，etc.However，there are either different departments or colleges under a university.The universities have advanced degrees like Masters and PhD programs.
Normally colleges have a limited number of students and the focus of this institution is on teaching.On the other hand，the focus of universities is teaching as well as research.However，research is where often a lot of focus is laid on.
Though colleges offer courses，the degrees are presented by the university to which the college is accredited(被认可) to.In other words，the university can be looked upon as the parent body and the colleges have to follow the rules laid down by the universities.
1．The text is mainly talks about ________.
A．how the college came into being
B．the difference between a college and a university
C．what functions a university really has
D．the similarity of a college and a university
2．From the text we know “college”________．
A．has the same meaning whether it is in America or Europe
B．is used to refer to an educational institution
C．is where students take courses
D．means a place where research is being done
3．The Underlined word “undergone” in the text means ________.
A．caused B．suffered
C．experienced D．used
4．In a college，________.
A．you can find different departments
B．you can study in only one field
C．you can achieve the doctor's degree
D．you can start your business
5．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that________.
A．a college can has many branches
B．a university can have many colleges
C．a college can focus on researching
D．a university takes the duty of teaching
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.1.foxes 2.spears 3.weeding 4.nerve 5.magician
6．cast-iron 7.practical 8.includes 9.familiar 10.quality
Ⅱ.1.A 句意：成千上万的艺术作品，包括一些最著名的油画，在战争中都失踪了。“一些最著名的油画”是“成千上万的艺术作品”的一部分，且符合including sth.结构，故选A。
2．C 第二句为倒装句，原句为：Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.句意：尊敬的来宾们、朋友们，欢迎大家来到我们学校。今天上午出席我校50周年庆典的是来自海内外的校友。故选C。
3．C as well as用来连接两个并列的主语时，句中谓语动词在人称和数上必须与第一个主语(The father)一致，根据时间状语every Sunday afternoon可知用一般现在时。
4．B 句意：当我们作假期计划时，妈妈经常提出一些实用的建议。practical“实用的，实际的”。careful“仔细的”；effective“有影响的”；practise“练习，实行”，皆不合句意。
5．D 根据情景I used to quarrel a lot with my parents和转折连词but的提示可以判断出“现在我和父母的关系相处的很好”，所以选择get along意为“(与人)相处”。look out“当心，注意”；stay up“不睡觉，熬夜”；carry on“继续，进行，开展，经营”。
6．B be familiar with sth.对某事熟悉，通晓某事；be familiar to sb为某人所熟悉。句意：周杰伦通晓音乐，他为青年歌迷们所熟悉。
7．B 句型it is＋adj.＋of sb.to do sth.。be late for迟到。
8．A 句意：她得的不是很严重的病，很快就痊愈了。get over“康复”；get on with“相处，进展”；get around“传播，流传”；get out of sth.“逃避”。
9．A list意为“把……登录，登记在……上”，用作及物动词，故应使用被动语态。include意为“包含”，included常置于名词或代词之后。including活用为介词，常置于名词或代词之前。
10．C base A on B/A is based on B把A建立在B的基础上；which引导定语从句修饰factual knowledge，并在从句中作on的宾语。
11．D as well as像某人/某物一样好。
12．B be involved in卷入，陷入，与……有密切联系。句意：与私家车普及有密切联系的新问题是路况需要改善。
13．C 根据时间状语every night over the last three months确定用现在完成进行时。
14．D 这里的It是形式主语，真正的主语是“______ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner”根据句意“为什么这个人没有及早报告这次事故还不清楚”，故选D。
15．A 考查词义辨析。句意：这家公司在比起注重数量来更加注重质量，因此它会更受到人们的欢迎。quality质量；quantity数量。
Ⅲ.1.C 考查形容词的用法及语境理解。根据后文教授只看讲义很少看学生可知他很紧张。
2．D 考查副词的用法。参看解析1。
3．A 考查名词词义及语境理解。我自己创造了一个游戏，设法从他的讲义中发现一些问题。
4．B 考查动词词义及语境理解。强迫自己集中精力而不是闭上眼睛。
5．A 考查副词的用法。他非常愿意回答问题，所以他的回答很有趣。
6．D 考查动词词义及语境理解。我每天都这么做，我发现自己喜欢上了历史。
7．A 考查形容词的用法。和上文的nervous进行对比用relaxed。
8．B 考查动词词义及语境理解。我的小游戏把我从枯燥中解救出来。
9．C 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。此处as意为：正如。正如我所期望的那样。
10．B 考查动词词义及语境理解。他很难以有趣的方式把他的知识传授给他的学生。此处pass...on...意为：把……传授给……。
11．B 考查名词词义及语境理解。考查短语：have an effect on意为：对……有影响，在本段第3句也可找到提示。
12．C 考查连词的用法。我将永远忘不了教授给我上得善意行动力量的一课，不管有意的还是无意的。
13．when/after 14.an 15.or 16.better 17.what 18.For
19．they 20.off
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。college和university都可以称为“大学”但两者是不同的。前者表示专业化的学院，只注重授课，而后者是覆盖全面的大学，侧重研究，并且有权授予学位。
1．B 主旨大意题。全文论述了college和university在范畴上的不同，故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的There are different undergraduate and graduate courses offered in colleges.可知答案为C项。误解分析：根据第一段可知，在不同国家college含义不同，排除A；由第二段可知现在college是教育机构，故排除B项；根据倒数第二段的the focus of universities is teaching as well as research可排除D项。
3．C 词义猜测题。根据该词后面的句子it continues to mean almost the same可知，university依然保持同样的意义，即：没有发生大的变化，undergo表示“经历”。
4．B 细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句可知，college仅限一个专业，故选B。
5．B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知，college是university的附属，故university会有很多的college。
课时作业(三) Task & Project
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The company is advertising for ________(打字员) in the newspapers.
2．Some ________(有进取心的) teachers have started their own recycling programmes.
3．Please answer the phone.I'm in the ________(洗澡)!
4．After the doctor treated the wound，it was carefully ________ (包扎)．
5．This job is useful and ________(有创造性的)．
6．Alice is a serious girl，________(自信的) and thoughtful.
7．The city is rich in other ________(艺术的) and cultural activities.
8．The ________(裁缝) have cut my coat very well.
9．He has a good business as a ________(果蔬商)．
10．He is one of the youngest and most famous ______(钢琴家) of our time.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to ________its reality.
A．make up B．figure out
C．look through D．put off
2．(2013·衡阳高三调研)They are of________ height，but I think Mary ________the job.
A．equally；is equal B．equal；is equal to
C．equal；equals D．equally；is
3．We are trying to raise awareness about the environment ________ and air pollution in particular.
A．in return B．in general
C．in common D．in contrast
4．I'm afraid you cannot expect them to finish the work in an hour；you must ________their lack of experience.
A．allow to B．allow of
C．allow in D．allow for
5．We have learnt to ________properly all kinds of complicated situations.
A．think B．do
C．deal D．approach
6．The small town is ________a small town.It's a place where many people like to stay.
A．no more than B．more than
C．not more D．no less than
7．—It's been a wonderful evening.Thank you very much.
—________.
A．My pleasure B．I'm glad to hear that
C．No，thanks D．It's OK
8．To my dismay，my choice didn't________my daughter's.
A．interfere with B．cope with
C．continue with D．correspond with
9．Don't let yourself be ________ into buying things you don't want.
A．expressed B．organized
C．persuaded D．preferred
10．A fund will be________for the dead workers' families.
A．set out B．set aside
C．set up D．set down
11．The traditional approach ________ with complex problems in our studies is to break them down into smaller，more easily managed problems.
A．to deal B．having dealt
C．to dealing D．being dealt
12．I felt very disappointed when my repeated request that I join the club was ________.
A．replaced B．resisted
C．rejected D．removed
13．—Did you scold him for his mistake?
—Yes，but ________ it.
A．I'd rather not do
B．I'd better not do
C．I'd rather not have done
D．I'd better have not done
14．The newly-founded chess club formally________us to attend the opening ceremony.
A．requested B．required
C．demanded D．commanded
15．(2013·常州高三检测)You'd better not call the manager between 7：00 and 8：00 this evening，for he ________ an important meeting then.
A．will have B．would have
C．will be having D．will have had
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The term “underemployment” has three related meanings.In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications(资格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.In the second sense，it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time.In the third sense，it is a form of over-staffing(人浮于事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.
All forms of underemployment have effect on the economy and the health of the business community.Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations.When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，using that number to judge the health of the job market.This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs，as they are considered employed，and it also doesn't reflect workers who are underpaid，considering their qualifications.
In the first sense，underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world.Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.
The issue of part-time employment is also very serious.Some people are forced into part-time jobs，while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available，even though they really need to work full-time.This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment，where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs，rather than keeping a full staff at all times.
In the sense of shortage of workers，underemployment appears in a variety of situations.Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work，or to keep well-trained，qualified workers so that they will be available when needed.Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours，leading to a situation in which people report to work，but have nothing to do.
1．The purpose of the passage is________.
A．to show underemployment is becoming more serious today
B．to imply women are laid off more than men
C．to explain the meaning of “underemployment”
D．to tell the present economic situations
2．According to the text，underemployment means______.
A．the same meaning as the word—unemployed
B．employees are not fully taken charge of
C．qualified workers get a low salary
D．people who do manual work for wages
3．When it comes to unemployment statistics，________.
A．the underpaid workers are included
B．it implies the people who are jobless
C．the part-time employees are included
D．it shows the employment situation of a country
4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 4th and 5th paragraph?
A．Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.
B．People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.
C．Part-time staffs seems benefit from firms less.
D．Companies need full-time staffs indeed.
5．Some companies maintain a full staff________.
A．to compete with others in the future
B．to make preparations for seasonal work
C．to get the skilled workers paid
D．to obey labor laws and union pressures
Ⅳ.阅读填空
There are two basic ways to see growth：one as a product，the other as a process.People have generally viewed personal growth as an external(外在的)result or a product that can easily be identified and measured.The worker who gets a rise，the student whose grades improve，the foreigner who learns a new language－all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast(对照)，the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine，since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way.The process is not the road itself，but the attitudes，feelings people have，and their caution or courage，as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties.In this process，the journey never really ends；there are always new ways to experience the world，new ideas to try，new challenges to accept.
In order to grow，to travel new roads，people need to have a willingness to take risks，to face the unknown，and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first.How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow.Do we see ourselves as quick and curious？If so，we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences.Do we think we're shy and indecisive？Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate，to move slowly，and we think we are slow to adapt(适应)change or that we're not smart enough to deal with a new challenge.Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity(不安全)and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow.If we protect ourselves too much，then we stop growing.We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
课时作业(三)
Ⅰ.1.typists 2.enterprising 3.bath 4.bandaged 5.creative
6．self-confident 7.artistic 8.tailors 9.greengrocer 10.pianists
Ⅱ.1.B 句意：现在的情况非常复杂，因此我想过一段时间我才能够弄清楚实际情况。make up编造；figure out弄清楚；look through 浏览：put off 推迟。由句意可知选B项。
2．B 句意：她们一样高，但我觉得玛丽能胜任这项工作。第一空修饰名词height，所以用形容词equal，表示“身高相等”；第二空和the job连用，所以用be equal to，表示“胜任这项工作”。
3．B in general(一般说来，通常，总体上)和后面的in particular(特别，尤其)相对。根据句意“我们正在努力从总体上增强环境意识，特别是提高对空气污染的意识。”可知选B。in return作为回报；in common共同；in contrast相比之下，都不合题意。
4．D 句意：恐怕你不能指望他们在1小时内完成这项工作，你得考虑到他们缺少经验这方面。allow for考虑，考虑到。A、C两项不是固定词组，B项allow of的意思是“容许……，容许有……的可能”。
5．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我们已学会正确处理各种复杂情况。approach意为“处理，对付”，其他选项不符合句意。
6．B 句意：这座小镇不只是一个小镇，它还是许多人愿意停留的地方。no more than表示“仅仅”；more than表示“超过，多于，不仅是”；no less than表示“不亚于，不少于”。
7．A 根据语境，前一个说话人表示感谢，所以对方应回答“不客气，不用谢”，所以选A。
8．D interfere with妨碍，干扰；cope with处理，应对；continue with继续进行；correspond with与……相对应，与……相符。句意：让我不安的是，我的选择与我女儿的并不一致。故选D。
9．C 考查动词词义辨析。persuade sb.into doing sth.＝persuade sb.to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”。此处为其被动语态形式。express表达；organize组织；成立；prefer更喜欢，选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)，均不符合句意。
10．C set out出发，动身，着手做；set aside存储，拔出；set up建立，创办，创设；set down放下，记下。主语是A fund，fund意为“基金会”，谓语动词应用set up。句意：抚恤死难工人家属的基金会即将建立起来。
11．C 名词approach 后的 to 是介词，因而 to 后面的动词应当用动名词，故选择C项。
12．C 句意：当我反复提出的加入俱乐部的要求被拒绝时，我感到非常失望。reject表“拒绝”，符合题意。
13．C would rather接完成式表示对已发生的事情感到自责，具有虚拟的语气，其否定式在rather后加not。
14．A 表示正式委婉的请求用request。
15．C 根据时间状语then可知C项为最佳答案。句意：今晚7点到8点之间你最好不要打电话给经理，因为那个时候他正在参加一个重要的会议。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。低度就业或不充分就业不是指没有工作，常常指有着某种专业资格的人从事着非专业的工作，也指本应该从事全职工作，而实际在做临时工作，或者人浮于事的状态。本文给我们讲述的就是低度就业的三个层面及其形成原因。
1．C 主旨大意题。全文在解释underemployment的含义，故选C。
2．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段对underemployment的解释：In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing in which employees are not being fully made use of.可知B正确。
3．B 推理判断题。第二段的第三句提及国家的就业统计，包含临时工作的人和现在付给工资的人，由此推断失业统计则包含没有工作的人，故选B。
4．A 细节理解题。虽然第三段提到了在发达国家低就业很常见，但是并没有说低就业仅发生在发达国家，由此可知A不符合文章的意义。误解分析：根据第三段第二句可知B正确；第四段的it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs说明C正确；根据第四段的even though they really need to work full-time可知D正确。
5．B 细节理解题。文章最后一段提到有些公司没有解雇员工是为季节性的工作做准备，由此可知B正确。
Ⅳ.1.Growth 2.measured 3.much more difficult 4.get a rise 5.their grades 6.caution or courage 7.in new ways
8．new challenges 9.take risks 10.unfamiliar experiences
YL 英语 选修11
Unit 1 Careers and skills
课时作业(一) Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Still，some jobs seem better ________(适合) to certain types of people.
2．________(实际上) Christmas Day is not the day on which Jesus Christ was born.
3．Look at these ________(所谓的) experts，what are they doing?
4．Let's look at all the ________(选择) available.
5．Can you tell me where the nearest ________(理发店) is?
6．The________(店主) were told to keep the suspected man under constant observation.
7．Where do we check in our ________(行李)?
8．He paid the money back soon after he got a ______(薪酬丰厚的) job.
9．I asked the ________(女店员) if she had a larger size.
10．Mother has been advertising for ________(清洁工) for weeks without success.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Finding a job in China that Tom is________ is difficult，for he knows little Chinese at all.
A．related to B．accustomed to
C．devoted to D．suited to
2．________you may be right，I can't agree completely.
A．While B．As
C．If D．Since
3．Some people work well ________ while others get nervous and do badly.
A．under way B．under control
C．under pressure D．under repair
4．(2013·无锡高三调研)It's a difficult job unless you ________it in a right way.
A．go by B．go out
C．go about D．go away
5．Now that we've discussed our problem，are people happy with the decisions ________？
A．take B．taking
C．taken D．to take
6．Happiness doesn't always________money.
A．go through B．go in for
C．go with D．go over
7．The hostess started________ the house immediately the last guest left.
A．picking up B．turning up
C．clearing up D．putting up
8．In that school，English is compulsory for all students，but French and Russian are ________.
A．special B．regional
C．optional D．original
9．(2013·合肥高三检测)If ________in，they can result in illness or even death.
A．breathing B．breathed
C．breathe D．to breathe
10．We should know that we can only reach the top if we are ready to ________and learn from failure.
A．deal with B．depend on
C．carry on D．go with
11．There is no ________but ________stick to our original ideal.
A．selection；to B．choice；/
C．option；to D．option；/
12．She has already tried her best.Please don't be too________about her job.
A．special B．responsible
C．unusual D．particular
13．Everyone likes the stranger，but________he is a criminal.
A．in secret B．in detail
C．in preparation D．in reality
14．Her speech ________the occasion.
A．suited B．suits for
C．fits D．is suitable for
15．Every ________space on the wall was covered with newspapers.
A．available B．valuable
C．ordinary D．comfortable
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Are you fresh out of college，looking to start a career？Have you recently started your very first job? Here are some nice tips to guide you through the first few days.
1．Listen more than you talk.Collect the information about how the organization works，and the reasons why，before you offer “helpful” advice.
2．Don't segregate yourself with people in your age group.Get to know older workers，too.The young group may be more fun for happy hours，but those who are a decade or more older than you can possibly help with your career.And you might find out you enjoy the company，too!
3．Take mistakes seriously.There's nothing more disappointing than a worker who made a mistake and doesn't seem to think it's a big deal.When you make a mistake，immediately be responsible for it，figure out how you're going to fix it，and make it clear that you understand its seriousness.Responses(回复)like “my bad” or worse，no response at all，signal that you don't take work seriously.
4．Take notes.Your boss expects you to remember the special instructions you were given.For most people，that means taking notes.And while a good manager is happy to answer questions，she won't be if the questions are ones she already answered when you weren't bothering to pay attention.
5．Be open to learning.College gave you theory；work is going to give something entirely different.So stay modest and realize your first job is going to be largely about learning.
6．Thank people who help you.When your boss or another coworker(同事)takes the time to help you with something，give them a sincere “thank you”．People who feel appreciated are more likely to go out of their way for you again.If you don't seem to care，they probably won't bother again.
1．The passage is written for________.
A．fresh graduates B．company leaders
C．old workers D．new advisers
2．The underlined word “segregate” probably means________.
A．connect B．treat
C．separate D．share
3．If you made a mistake you should________.
A．think it's not a big deal
B．try to fix it at once
C．say something like “my bad”
D．give no responses at all
4．If you want to remember something that has been given，you had better ________.
A．listen more than you talk
B．take mistakes seriously
C．take notes
D．be open to learning
5．From the last two paragraphs we can learn ________.
A．work can also give us some theory
B．we should often help our coworkers
C．we shouldn't bother to appreciate others
D．we should care for others' help
B
(2013·福建高考)A MENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg，the program's founder，said: “We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.
“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.For example，we've secured internships (实习) with world-famous firms such as Honda.
“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring，it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.” Kieran Hepburn,14，is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) International Youth Forum(论坛)．
The event was held for young people from around the world，to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event.Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience.“Before we left I didn't quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn't stop，it was amazing，” he said，“We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”
The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues (问题) such as drug abuse，violence and unemployment.
Kieran said：“It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury.For details visit www.younginspirations.com.
6．The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to ________.
A．train staff for world-famous firms
B．offer job opportunities to young adults
C．provide youth with unique experiences
D．equip the unemployed with different skills
7．According to Alex Goldberg，it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ________.
A．the lack of support from firms
B．the cultural differences
C．the effect of unemployment
D．the shortage of money
8．According to the passage，the forum focused on how youth can ________.
A．build up their confidence at school
B．find work experience opportunities
C．improve their social skills for the future
D．play an active role in the change of society
9．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing
B．Kieran has made great progress in many aspects
C．the youth have found a way to solve their problems
D．the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday
10．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Alex Goldberg，Founder of Young Inspirations
B．Young People Find a World of Opportunity
C．Kieran，Banbury School Pupil to Paris
D．Debates Help Youth with Their Grades
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．你的行为不合时宜。(suited)
_______________________________________________________________
2．她喜欢物理，而我喜欢英语。(while)
_______________________________________________________________
3．我知道如何处理这件事。(deal with)
_______________________________________________________________
4．尽管缺钱，他的父母还是想办法让他上了大学。(though＋分词)
_______________________________________________________________
5．由向导带路，我们毫不费力地找到了那个村庄。(with复合结构)
_______________________________________________________________
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.1.suited 2.Actually 3.so-called 4.options 5.barbershop 6.shopkeepers 7.baggage 8.well-paid 9.salesgirl
10．cleaners
Ⅱ.1.D 根据句意“想在中国找一份适合汤姆的工作很难，因为他几乎不会汉语。”可知选D。be related to意思是“和……有关”；be accustomed to意思是“习惯于”；be devoted to意思是“致力于”；be suited to意思是“适合于”。
2．A while用作从属连词时，可表示“尽管；虽然”，引导一个让步状语从句。
3．C 根据句意“有些人在压力下也能很好地工作，而其他人会变得紧张并且做得很糟糕。”可知C项正确。under pressure在压力下；under way在进行中；under control在掌控中；under repair在修理中。
4．C 根据句意，这里应填表示“着手干”的意思。go about表示“开始，着手(工作)”。go by表示时间的“过去，流失”；go out表示“出去，熄灭”；go away表示“离开”。
5．C 根据从句的时态可知，问题已经讨论完，take与decisions之间是被动关系，故选C项。
6．C 句意：幸福未必总是伴随金钱而来。go through经历；go in for参加，喜欢；go with伴随；go over重温，检查。
7．C pick up捡起，学会，接某人；turn up调高，出现，露面；clear up整理，清理，收拾；put up张贴，挂起。根据句意：最后一位客人一离开女主人就开始收拾房子。可知选C。
8．C special特别的；regional地区的；optional可选择的；original最初的。根据句意可知，在那所学校，英语是必修课，紧接着后面用but进行转折，由此可知法语和俄语不是必修课而是可以选修。
9．B 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果它们被吸入，它们就会导致疾病甚至死亡。此处可改写为：If they are breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.。
10．A 考查动词短语的意义区别。A项的意思是处置，处理；B项意思是依赖、依靠；C项的意思是进行下去，继续开展，坚持下去；D项的意思是伴随，与……相配，与……持同一看法。根据语境可知答案选A项。
11．C have no option but to do sth.＝have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只好干某事。
12．D be particular about...对……挑剔。句意：她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。
13．D 根据句意“每个人都喜欢这位陌生人，但实际上他是个罪犯。”可知D项正确。in reality事实上，实际上；in secret秘密地；in detail详细地；in preparation在准备中。
14．D suit和fit均可作及物动词，fit一般用作sth.fits sb.，此处be suitable for符合句意。
15．A available可利用的；valuable有价值的；ordinary普通的；comfortable舒适的，根据题意应选A项。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章向刚刚走出大学校门，准备找工作或刚开始工作的毕业生提供了6条实用且有效的建议。
1．A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文是向刚刚走出大学校门，准备找工作或刚开始工作的毕业生提供一些建议。故答案为A。只要准确理解第一段段意，此题就不会误选。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据段落内容，特别是Get to know older workers too“同时和前辈搞好关系”可判断出这句话的意思是“不要跟你的同龄人一起而与其他人搞隔离”。故答案为C。其他选项放在句中意思逻辑不通顺。
3．B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，一旦犯错，立刻承担起自己的责任，尽快找出解决的方法。只是说“是我的错”或者更糟糕的是，完全没有任何反应，表现出你完全不把你的工作当回事。故答案为B。其他选项都是不应该做的。
4．C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，如果你要详细记住给你的指示或老板已经说过的话，你一定要记笔记。故答案为C。
5．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，他们得到感谢后，你再次遇到困难时，他们是更乐于伸出援助之手的。如果你不把别人的善意当回事，那很可能下次他们也不再理你。由此可判断出“我们应该尊重别人的帮助”。故答案为D。其他选项与最后两段的内容不相符。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型体系——Young Inspirations。这种体系既能提高年轻人的学业水平，又能帮助他们拥有更多的生活经历以便更好地塑造未来。
6．C 推理判断题。通读文章我们可以发现Young Inspirations不仅能帮助年轻人提高学业水平还能为他们塑造美好未来提供各种经验，故C项正确。A项“为世界著名公司培训员工”，更换了适用对象，与原文不符；B项给young adults提供工作，扩大了适用对象，也不正确；D项“为失业者培训不同的技能”，也是片面的。
7．D 细节理解题。由第五段第一句可知由于资金缩减，造成了学校采用这一体系的困难，所以D项正确。A项“缺少公司支持”，与第四段最后一句“我们与世界著名公司，如Honda公司落实了实习关系”这一表述相矛盾；B项和C项文章没有提及。
8．D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知这次讨论会的主题是年轻人如何驾驭政治和公众生活的变化，这将对他们人生的变化起着积极的指导作用，所以D项正确。A、C两项的表述只是Kieran的个人看法而不是讨论会的主题；文章并没有提到讨论会的主题是“找到就业经验机会”，故B项不正确。
9．B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段不难推断，这次讨论会不仅使Kieran获得了信心，而且社会技能和学业也取得了巨大进步，故B项正确；A项错在这次参观的目的地不是英国而是法国。C项“年轻人通过这次论坛已经找到了解决问题的办法”，过于绝对化；D项“导师制论坛除了星期五每天都举行”，而文章最后一段讲到“只在周五举行”，正好相反。
10．B 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍通过关于导师制这一新体系的参观研讨活动，给年轻人的未来生活提供了许多经验和机会，故B项正确。A项只是介绍创始人；C项只是一个个案，没有升华为主题；D项则强调辩论的意义，偏离主题。
Ⅳ.1.Your behaviour isn't suited to/for the occasion.
2．She likes physics，while I like English.
3．I know how to deal with it.
4．Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.
5．With the guide leading the way，we had no difficulty in finding the village.
课时作业(二) Word power & Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．People consider ________(狐狸) as clever but sly animals.
2．The tribesmen were armed with________(矛) and shields.
3．He is busy________(除草) in the garden.
4．The message travels along the________(神经) to the brain.
5．He likes to watch a________(魔术师) performing tricks.
6．But the________(铸铁制的) rail by the side should be European in style.
7．Your invention is clever，but not________(实用)．
8．It's known that the price________(包括) postage charges.
9．The report's conclusions were already________(熟悉的) enough to the government.
10．These are leather goods of high________(质量)．
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Thousands of works of art，________the most famous paintings，were missing during the war.
A．including B．included
C．containing D．contained
2．Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.________ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友) from home and abroad.
A．Attend B．To attend
C．Attending D．Having attended
3．The father as well as his three children ________ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon.
A．is going B．go
C．goes D．are going
4．(2013·南通高三检测)When we plan our vacation，mother often offers______suggestions.
A．careful B．practical
C．effective D．practise
5．I used to quarrel a lot with my parents，but now we________fine.
A．look out B．stay up
C．carry on D．get along
6．Jay is familiar __________ music and he is familiar ______young fans.
A．to；with B．with；to
C．with；with D．to；to
7．It's wrong ________you to be late ________class.
A．with；with B．of；for
C．for；to D．of；in
8．It was not a serious illness，and she soon______it.
A．got over B．got on with
C．got around D．got out of
9．(2013·芜湖高三质检)—Are all the titles of the articles ________in the contents?
—Yes，all________.
A．listed；included
B．listing；includes
C．listed；including
D．being listed；being included
10．Without facts，we can't form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge________our thinking.
A．which to base on
B．which to be based on
C．on which to base
D．with which to base on
11．Keep on practicing.You will play the piano ________，if not better than，Lang Lang.
A．so good B．so well
C．so well as D．as well as
12．There is a new problem________in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need improving.
A．involving B．involved
C．including D．included
13．Tom________in the library every night over the last three months.
A．works B．worked
C．has been working D．had been working
14．It was never clear ________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A．that B．how
C．when D．why
15．This company is more concerned with ________than with ______，so it will become more popular.
A．quality；quantity B．quantities；quality
C．amount；quantity D．number；quantities
Ⅲ.完形填空
With the annoying worldwide economy crisis going worse day by day，the tough realities of a challenging job market are becoming clearer to far too many American college graduates.But one recent college graduate didn't let rejection get him __1__.Instead，he is using it as a(n)__2__.
After receiving a(n)__3__ response from 40 job interviews __4__，Daniel Seddiqui realized he didn't know__5__ he wanted to do with his life.As a result，he__6__ a unique plan：to travel to all 50 states and find 50 different jobs-all within 50 weeks.
The journey provides__7__ opportunities for personal growth，Seddiqui explains.Not only does he get to __8__ a number of careers，but he can expand his __9__ by seeing firsthand how __10__ the life of a stockbroker in New York is from __11__ of a rancher(农场主) in Nebraska.A(n) __12__ element to Seddiqui's mission is to __13__ these experiences with others.He documents his travels，along with __14__ into each career，on his blog.
__15__ only a few months of his journey left to go，Seddiqui said that not only have __16__ been willing to hire him，but he has found __17__ in every state who invite him into their homes to share in their lives.
“I am __18__ by the people that I meet along the way，” he makes a remark.“The hospitality(热情好客) of the American people is __19__ and I will encourage me to repay the society in my future life.It's too meaningful and __20__！”
1．A.up B．away
C．down D．out
2．A.opportunity B．means
C．change D．promotion
3．A.positive B．negative
C．optimistic D．pessimistic
4．A.in a row B．in a way
C．in a sense D．in a rush
5．A.which B．when
C．where D．what
6．A.hatched B．missed
C．corrected D．caught
7．A.useless B．ample
C．little D．different
8．A.try out B．pick out
C．miss out D．put out
9．A.thoughts B．experiences
C．horizons D．memories
10．A.great B．different
C．valuable D．important
11．A.it B．this
C．those D．that
12．A.additional B．famous
C．incredible D．enormous
13．A.edit B．keep
C．enlarge D．share
14．A.dream B．suggestion
C．insight D．choice
15．A.As B．With
C．To D．Until
16．A.employees B．directors
C．servants D．employers
17．A.colleagues B．strangers
C．enemies D．roommates
18．A.discouraged B．annoyed
C．frustrated D．inspired
19．A.valueless B．hopeless
C．priceless D．careless
20．A.favorable B．forgettable
C．memorable D．comfortable
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The words “college” and “university”represent educational institutions，but there is a difference.At the same time the difference between a college and a university also changes according to the area it is preferred to be in.The meaning of college and university is different in the USA from what it means in Canada and UK.
The word “college”is taken from the Latin word “collegium.”The meaning of the word is a group of
people staying together for a common purpose，but with their own choice.Hence，you will often come across college students referred to as fellows.However，the word “college” as we use today is used to show an educational institution.There are different undergraduate and graduate courses offered in colleges.The traditional meaning of college was an institution，which was a part of a university.The university was divided into colleges for administration purposes.
Like the word “college”，the word “university” is also taken from the Latin words “universitas magistrorum et scholarium”．The meaning of the word “university” has not undergone a sea of changes and it continues to mean almost the same.In other words，universities are seats of advanced education，which offer opportunities both for learning as well as for research.
The difference between college and university lies in the variety of courses offered.Often colleges are restricted to one kind of field.They offer education either in science，arts，commerce，law，business，etc.However，there are either different departments or colleges under a university.The universities have advanced degrees like Masters and PhD programs.
Normally colleges have a limited number of students and the focus of this institution is on teaching.On the other hand，the focus of universities is teaching as well as research.However，research is where often a lot of focus is laid on.
Though colleges offer courses，the degrees are presented by the university to which the college is accredited(被认可) to.In other words，the university can be looked upon as the parent body and the colleges have to follow the rules laid down by the universities.
1．The text is mainly talks about ________.
A．how the college came into being
B．the difference between a college and a university
C．what functions a university really has
D．the similarity of a college and a university
2．From the text we know “college”________．
A．has the same meaning whether it is in America or Europe
B．is used to refer to an educational institution
C．is where students take courses
D．means a place where research is being done
3．The Underlined word “undergone” in the text means ________.
A．caused B．suffered
C．experienced D．used
4．In a college，________.
A．you can find different departments
B．you can study in only one field
C．you can achieve the doctor's degree
D．you can start your business
5．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that________.
A．a college can has many branches
B．a university can have many colleges
C．a college can focus on researching
D．a university takes the duty of teaching
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.1.foxes 2.spears 3.weeding 4.nerve 5.magician
6．cast-iron 7.practical 8.includes 9.familiar 10.quality
Ⅱ.1.A 句意：成千上万的艺术作品，包括一些最著名的油画，在战争中都失踪了。“一些最著名的油画”是“成千上万的艺术作品”的一部分，且符合including sth.结构，故选A。
2．C 第二句为倒装句，原句为：Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.句意：尊敬的来宾们、朋友们，欢迎大家来到我们学校。今天上午出席我校50周年庆典的是来自海内外的校友。故选C。
3．C as well as用来连接两个并列的主语时，句中谓语动词在人称和数上必须与第一个主语(The father)一致，根据时间状语every Sunday afternoon可知用一般现在时。
4．B 句意：当我们作假期计划时，妈妈经常提出一些实用的建议。practical“实用的，实际的”。careful“仔细的”；effective“有影响的”；practise“练习，实行”，皆不合句意。
5．D 根据情景I used to quarrel a lot with my parents和转折连词but的提示可以判断出“现在我和父母的关系相处的很好”，所以选择get along意为“(与人)相处”。look out“当心，注意”；stay up“不睡觉，熬夜”；carry on“继续，进行，开展，经营”。
6．B be familiar with sth.对某事熟悉，通晓某事；be familiar to sb为某人所熟悉。句意：周杰伦通晓音乐，他为青年歌迷们所熟悉。
7．B 句型it is＋adj.＋of sb.to do sth.。be late for迟到。
8．A 句意：她得的不是很严重的病，很快就痊愈了。get over“康复”；get on with“相处，进展”；get around“传播，流传”；get out of sth.“逃避”。
9．A list意为“把……登录，登记在……上”，用作及物动词，故应使用被动语态。include意为“包含”，included常置于名词或代词之后。including活用为介词，常置于名词或代词之前。
10．C base A on B/A is based on B 把A建立在B的基础上；which引导定语从句修饰factual knowledge，并在从句中作on的宾语。
11．D as well as像某人/某物一样好。
12．B be involved in卷入，陷入，与……有密切联系。句意：与私家车普及有密切联系的新问题是路况需要改善。
13．C 根据时间状语every night over the last three months确定用现在完成进行时。
14．D 这里的It是形式主语，真正的主语是“______ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner”根据句意“为什么这个人没有及早报告这次事故还不清楚”，故选D。
15．A 考查词义辨析。句意：这家公司在比起注重数量来更加注重质量，因此它会更受到人们的欢迎。quality质量；quantity数量。
Ⅲ.1.C 考查动词短语搭配。虽然众多美国大学毕业生求职时遇到挑战，但是有一位毕业生并没有让求职时遇到的拒绝搞得灰心丧气。“get...down”表示“让……丧气、沮丧”。其他短语意义不合语境要求。
2．A 考查名词用法。本题空格信息和第三段首句信息一致。说明这位大学毕业生非但没有感到沮丧，反而将此作为拓展自己视野的良好机遇，促进个性成长。
3．B 考查形容词用法。本句空格信息表示经历了40次求职遭拒后，他开始意识到什么。这和上文第一段倒数第二句中的“rejection”意义一致。
4．A 考查介词短语用法。上文已经提到求职遭拒，所以应该为连续40次失败。
5．D 考查连词用法。由于句子中有“do with”，所以连词应该使用what。
6．A 考查动词用法。由于万般无奈和无措，所以他萌生了在50周内去全国50个州周游寻求50个不同工作岗位的奇特打算。“hatch”表示“秘密策划，谋划”，符合语义要求。
7．B 考查形容词用法。从后面信息“not only...but...”以及他在博客中所记述的内容，我们可以看到，这次经历可谓非常丰富。
8．A 考查动词短语用法。“try out”表示 “尝试”。这次游历经历不仅让其尝试了各种不同的工作岗位，而且还拓展了视野。这和下文中的“记录对每一个职业的看法”信息一致。
9．C 考查名词用法。亲眼看到不同职业的不同情况对比，真是大开眼界。“horizon”表示“视野，眼界”，符合语境以及语义要求。
10．B 考查形容词用法。亲眼看到了股票经纪人和大农场主的不同生活情况。
11．D 考查替代词的用法。此处that 代替上文中的the life.
12．A 考查形容词用法。此处是对前面信息的补充和添加。所以是“还有一点，另外一点”。
13．D 考查动词的用法。这次旅行还有一点就是他能够与他人分享看法。这和下文中的“...who invite him into their homes to share in their lives.”信息一致。
14．C 考查名词的用法。和前面的信息照应，既然是开阔了视野，自然应该对每一种工作都形成自己独有的看法和观点。“insight”表示“观点，看法”，符合语义要求。
15．B 考查with复合结构用法。由于本结构中没有谓语动词成分，所以不能选连词as。该短语结构意义为“尽管这次游历还剩下短短几个月”。
16．D 考查名词用法。根据常识，我们应该知道，只有老板雇用员工。
17．B 考查名词用法。这和下文中的美国人的热情好客信息一致。将陌生人请到家中做客，显示了美国人的好客与热情。
18．D 考查动词的用法。从下文的“要回报社会”信息可以看出，他是受到了激励的。
19．C 考查形容词用法。从下文的“激励我回报社会，这次游历有意义”可以看出，Seddiqui感受到美国人的热情好客是无价的。
20．C 考查形容词用法。和“meaningful”意义一致，应该是表示“值得纪念的；难以忘怀的”之类的形容词。
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。college和university都可以称为“大学”但两者是不同的。前者表示专业化的学院，只注重授课，而后者是覆盖全面的大学，侧重研究，并且有权授予学位。
1．B 主旨大意题。全文论述了college和university在范畴上的不同，故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的There are different undergraduate and graduate courses offered in colleges.可知答案为C项。误解分析：根据第一段可知，在不同国家college含义不同，排除A；由第二段可知现在college是教育机构，故排除B项；根据倒数第二段的the focus of universities is teaching as well as research可排除D项。
3．C 词义猜测题。根据该词后面的句子it continues to mean almost the same可知，university依然保持同样的意义，即：没有发生大的变化，undergo表示“经历”。
4．B 细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句可知，college仅限一个专业，故选B。
5．B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知，college是university的附属，故university会有很多的college。
课时作业(三) Task & Project
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The company is advertising for ________(打字员) in the newspapers.
2．Some ________(有进取心的) teachers have started their own recycling programmes.
3．Please answer the phone.I'm in the ________(洗澡)!
4．After the doctor treated the wound，it was carefully ________ (包扎)．
5．This job is useful and ________(有创造性的)．
6．Alice is a serious girl，________(自信的) and thoughtful.
7．The city is rich in other ________(艺术的) and cultural activities.
8．The ________(裁缝) have cut my coat very well.
9．He has a good business as a ________(果蔬商)．
10．He is one of the youngest and most famous ______(钢琴家) of our time.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to ________its reality.
A．make up B．figure out
C．look through D．put off
2．(2013·扬州高三调研)They are of________ height，but I think Mary ________the job.
A．equally；is equal B．equal；is equal to
C．equal；equals D．equally；is
3．We are trying to raise awareness about the environment ________ and air pollution in particular.
A．in return B．in general
C．in common D．in contrast
4．I'm afraid you cannot expect them to finish the work in an hour；you must ________their lack of experience.
A．allow to B．allow of
C．allow in D．allow for
5．We have learnt to ________properly all kinds of complicated situations.
A．think B．do
C．deal D．approach
6．The small town is ________a small town.It's a place where many people like to stay.
A．no more than B．more than
C．not more D．no less than
7．(2013·凤阳高三检测)—It's been a wonderful evening.Thank you very much.
—________.
A．My pleasure B．I'm glad to hear that
C．No，thanks D．It's OK
8．To my dismay，my choice didn't________my daughter's.
A．interfere with B．cope with
C．continue with D．correspond with
9．Don't let yourself be ________ into buying things you don't want.
A．expressed B．organized
C．persuaded D．preferred
10．A fund will be________for the dead workers' families.
A．set out B．set aside
C．set up D．set down
11．The traditional approach ________ with complex problems in our studies is to break them down into smaller，more easily managed problems.
A．to deal B．having dealt
C．to dealing D．being dealt
12．I felt very disappointed when my repeated request that I join the club was ________.
A．replaced B．resisted
C．rejected D．removed
13．—Did you scold him for his mistake?
—Yes，but ________ it.
A．I'd rather not do
B．I'd better not do
C．I'd rather not have done
D．I'd better have not done
14．The newly-founded chess club formally________us to attend the opening ceremony.
A．requested B．required
C．demanded D．commanded
15．You'd better not call the manager between 7：00 and 8：00 this evening，for he ________ an important meeting then.
A．will have B．would have
C．will be having D．will have had
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The term “underemployment” has three related meanings.In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications(资格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.In the second sense，it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time.In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing(人浮于事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.
All forms of underemployment have effect on the economy and the health of the business community.Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations.When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，using that number to judge the health of the job market.This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs，as they are considered employed，and it also doesn't reflect workers who are underpaid，considering their qualifications.
In the first sense，underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world.Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.
The issue of part-time employment is also very serious.Some people are forced into part-time jobs，while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available，even though they really need to work full-time.This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment，where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs，rather than keeping a full staff at all times.
In the sense of shortage of workers，underemployment appears in a variety of situations.Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work，or to keep well-trained，qualified workers so that they will be available when needed.Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours，leading to a situation in which people report to work，but have nothing to do.
1．The purpose of the passage is________.
A．to show underemployment is becoming more serious today
B．to imply women are laid off more than men
C．to explain the meaning of “underemployment”
D．to tell the present economic situations
2．According to the text，underemployment means______.
A．the same meaning as the word—unemployed
B．employees are not fully taken charge of
C．qualified workers get a low salary
D．people who do manual work for wages
3．When it comes to unemployment statistics，________.
A．the underpaid workers are included
B．it implies the people who are jobless
C．the part-time employees are included
D．it shows the employment situation of a country
4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 4th and 5th paragraph?
A．Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.
B．People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.
C．Part-time staffs seems benefit from firms less.
D．Companies need full-time staffs indeed.
5．Some companies maintain a full staff________.
A．to compete with others in the future
B．to make preparations for seasonal work
C．to get the skilled workers paid
D．to obey labor laws and union pressures
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
Quiet Virtue：The Conscientious
The everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责)—being punctual，careful in doing work，self-disciplined，and scrupulous(一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities—are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen，the people who keep things running as they should.They follow the rules，help out，and are concerned about the people they work with.It's the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence，who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves，who always gets things done on deadline.
Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field.In studies of job performance，outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs，from semi-skilled labor to sales and management，depends on conscientiousness.
It is particularly important for outstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization：the secretary whose message taking is perfect，the delivery truck driver who is always on time.
Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer，those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales.Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today's constantly changing market，because employees with this quality are among the most valued.For the sales representatives，their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.
There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better than they actually are.Their reputation for dependability influences managers' evaluations of their work，giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.
But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems.Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves，they can hold other people to their own standards，and so be overly judgmental when others don't show the same high levels of model behavior.Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious，for example，tended to criticize coworkers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized，which damaged their relationships.
When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations，it can discourage creativity.In creative professions like art or advertising，openness to wild ideas and spontaneity(自发性)are scarce and in demand.Success in such occupations calls for a balance，however；without enough conscientiousness to follow through，people become mere dreamers，with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.
课时作业(三)
Ⅰ.1.typists 2.enterprising 3.bath 4.bandaged 5.creative
6．self-confident 7.artistic 8.tailors 9.greengrocer 10.pianists
Ⅱ.1.B 句意：现在的情况非常复杂，因此我想过一段时间我才能够弄清楚实际情况。make up编造；figure out弄清楚；look through 浏览：put off 推迟。由句意可知选B项。
2．B 句意：她们一样高，但我觉得玛丽能胜任这项工作。第一空修饰名词height，所以用形容词equal，表示“身高相等”；第二空和the job连用，所以用be equal to，表示“胜任这项工作”。
3．B in general(一般说来，通常，总体上)和后面的in particular(特别，尤其)相对。根据句意“我们正在努力从总体上增强环境意识，特别是提高对空气污染的意识。”可知选B。in return作为回报；in common共同；in contrast相比之下，都不合题意。
4．D 句意：恐怕你不能指望他们在1小时内完成这项工作，你得考虑到他们缺少经验这方面。allow for考虑，考虑到。A、C两项不是固定词组，B项allow of的意思是“容许……，容许有……的可能”。
5．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我们已学会正确处理各种复杂情况。approach意为“处理，对付”，其他选项不符合句意。
6．B 句意：这座小镇不只是一个小镇，它还是许多人愿意停留的地方。no more than表示“仅仅”；more than表示“超过，多于，不仅是”；no less than表示“不亚于，不少于”。
7．A 根据语境，前一个说话人表示感谢，所以对方应回答“不客气，不用谢”，所以选A。
8．D interfere with妨碍，干扰；cope with处理，应对；continue with继续进行；correspond with与……相对应，与……相符。句意：让我不安的是，我的选择与我女儿的并不一致。故选D。
9．C 考查动词词义辨析。persuade sb.into doing sth.＝persuade sb.to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”。此处为其被动语态形式。express表达；organize组织；成立；prefer更喜欢，选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)，均不符合句意。
10．C set out出发，动身，着手做；set aside存储，拔出；set up建立，创办，创设；set down放下，记下。主语是A fund，fund意为“基金会”，谓语动词应用set up。句意：抚恤死难工人家属的基金会即将建立起来。
11．C 名词approach 后的 to 是介词，因而 to 后面的动词应当用动名词，故选择C项。
12．C 句意：当我反复提出的加入俱乐部的要求被拒绝时，我感到非常失望。reject表“拒绝”，符合题意。
13．C would rather接完成式表示对已发生的事情感到自责，具有虚拟的语气，其否定式在rather后加not。
14．A 表示正式委婉的请求用request。
15．C 根据时间状语then可知C项为最佳答案。句意：今晚7点到8点之间你最好不要打电话给经理，因为那个时候他正在参加一个重要的会议。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。低度就业或不充分就业不是指没有工作，常常指有着某种专业资格的人从事着非专业的工作，也指本应该从事全职工作，而实际在做临时工作，或者人浮于事的状态。本文给我们讲述的就是低度就业的三个层面及其形成原因。
1．C 主旨大意题。全文在解释underemployment的含义，故选C。
2．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段对underemployment的解释：In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing in which employees are not being fully made use of.可知B正确。
3．B 推理判断题。第二段的第三句提及国家的就业统计，包含临时工作的人和现在付给工资的人，由此推断失业统计则包含没有工作的人，故选B。
4．A 细节理解题。虽然第三段提到了在发达国家低就业很常见，但是并没有说低就业仅发生在发达国家，由此可知A不符合文章的意义。误解分析：根据第三段第二句可知B正确；第四段的it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs说明C正确；根据第四段的even though they really need to work full-time可知D正确。
5．B 细节理解题。文章最后一段提到有些公司没有解雇员工是为季节性的工作做准备，由此可知B正确。
Ⅳ.1.strict 2.helpful/good 3.Functions/Roles/Importance/Significance 4.running/working/going/operating/functioning 5.performance(s) 6.fired/dismissed/jobless 7.problems/troubles 8.higher/subjective/unfair/unjust/prejudiced
9．tense/damaged/poor/bad 10.discourage/affect/damage
