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仁爱科普版九年级上Unit 2 Saving the earth. Topic 1 Pollution has causestoo many problems.同步练习1
一、根据首字母提示补全单词。
1．根据首字母提示补全单词。
（1）There are s boys playing soccer on the playground.
（2）Don't w even one drop of water, because the earth is very short of water.
（3）Humans have p their own environment themselves.
（4）Oh, what a m ! Environment has been totally destroyed by those factories.
（5）What a s ! Those beautiful flowers are dead because of the poisonous (有毒的)soil.
二、单项选择。
2．Many years ago, the air was fresh and the water was clean here. We could bees and hear birds .
A．see; dance; sing B．see; dancing; singing
C．saw; dance; sing D．saw; dancing; singing
3．He says he the Great Wall twice.
A．has been in B．has been to C．has gone to D．has been for
4．People in the Northwest have too many trees, so sandstorm is always coming in many parts of China in spring.
A．cut off B．cut down C．cutting off D．cutting down
5．This kind of flower looks , but smells .
A．nice; terrible B．well; terribly C．well; bad D．better; worst
6．Don't waste water the river and the lake.
A．put; into B．pour; in C．pour; into D．put; to
三、完形填空。
7．根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案填空。
Many years ago, people lived a hard life. They couldn't use modern machines, because there was （1） one at that time. Today people have a better life but there are new problems. One of biggest problems is it has （2） our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and affects our （3） water. We call it water pollution. Noise pollution makes us talk more （4） and become angry （5） . Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It affects all living things in the world. Machines and factories （6） our air every day. Sometimes the pollution is so （7） that it is like a blanket (毯子）covering a city. Many countries are making new laws to reduce pollution. We must clean （8） water before we （9） them into some place. We need to do many other things to protect our environment. We must put rubbish into dustbins （10） throwing them about. We can go to work by bus, on foot, or with friends in a car. If we do like that every day, our environment will be better.
（1）A．no B．not
C．many D．much
（2）A．make B．made
C．keep D．kept
（3）A．drink B．drunk
C．drinking D．drank
（4）A．clear B．clearer
C．louder D．loudly
（5）A．easier B．easy
C．more easily D．easily
（6）A．pollute B．polluting
C．pollutes D．polluted
（7）A．light B．hard
C．thick D．thin
（8）A．well B．waste
C．wasting D．wasted
（9）A．pour B．place
C．plan D．protect
（10）A．instead of B．instead
C．because of D．because
四、根据首字母提示补全单词。
8．根据首字母提示补全单词。
（1）Because of the bad air, I have a p in my throat all the time.
（2）Spitting in public is a kind of a behavior.
（3）Smoking is h to your health. Giving it up earlier is good for you.
（4）It's so hot in Nanjing this summer that even many local people can't b it.
（5）America p more cars this year than last year.
五、单项选择。
9．I can't the noise outside. It's nearly driving me mad.
A．hold B．agree C．get D．bear
10．It's difficult for me after the 20-kilometer hiking.
A．breath B．breathe C．to breath D．to breathe
11．— Jane is these days. Let's think of ways to cheer her up!
— What about putting on a short play
A．in a good mood B．in surprise
C．in a bad mood D．in high spirits
12．Have you the people here It is said that they have a kind of strange illness.
A．hear B．heard C．noticed D．notice
13．—
— I've got a pain in my throat.
A．What's matter with you B．What's for
C．What's wrong with you D．Can I help you
六、从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。
14．从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。
A: Where have you been, Li Hai I called you, but you weren't in.
B:
A:
B: I found that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it. Lots of fish have died.
A:
B: Do you think “Greener China” can do something
A: if they know about this thing, they will prevent it. Let's write to them at once.
B: I think everything will become better.
A. What did you do there B. Good idea. C. Yes, of course D. That's terrible.
E. I've been to a chemical factory
七、根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
15．根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
（1）Jane is in bad mood r .
（2）What's the m of the word in Chinese
（3） not able to hear anything or not able to hear very well.
（4） a set of words expressing a question, an order or a statement.
（5） to produce letters, books, newspapers, etc. on paper using a machine.
八、单项选择。
16．Don't make so much noise, or you'll your neighbors.
A．hurt B．cheer C．disturb D．include
17．John is a thief. You'd better stay away from him.
A．no less than B．as well as C．no better than D．as long as
18．If we continue to be their cry for help, things are sure to go from bad to worse.
A．interested in B．pleased with C．close to D．deaf to
19．— Do the foreigners have any problems talking in Chinese in our city
— I don't think so. Now the young the old can speak some English.
A．either; or B．not only; but also
C．as; as D．neither; nor
20．Water pollution influences the look of our city and even worse, it _______ our health.
A．does good to B．points to C．does harm to D．is helpful to
九、阅读理解。
21．根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials.
How can we understand and solve this problem The fact is that pollution is caused by man —by his desire (欲望）for a modem way of life. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There are more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modem society. But as the technological momentum (势头) has grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.
Now we have to stop to ask ourselves where we are going and why. It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker, “I've got some good news and bad news. The good news is that we're going at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we are going.” The sad fact is that this problem becomes a true story when speaking of our modem society.
（1）Man fails to stop the world from being polluted because .
A．the population of the world is increasing fast
B．people use too many machines
C．we have more and more industry
D．we are producing more cars, trucks and buses
（2）People from the countryside crowd into cities for .
A．good jobs B．enjoying the modern life
C．fun D．becoming tired of their hometown
（3）Man cares about most according to the passage.
A．industry B．clean water
C．health D．the future of the children
（4）The story about the airline pilot tells us that .
A．man knows where the society is going
B．the pilot doesn't know where to go
C．man has done little with the problem of pollution
D．the pilot is not good at flying
（5）The main idea of this passage is .
A．pollution has become a serious problem
B．man should slow down the speed of development to stop pollution
C．the pilot would like to make a contribution to protecting the environment
D．as industry is growing fast, pollution is the natural result
十、根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
22．根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
（1）The earth is one of the p in the solar system.
（2）His grandfather has high blood p .
（3）The government plans to c more jobs for young people.
（4） the red liquid (液体)that flows through the bodies of humans and animals.
（5） a kind of hard black mineral(矿物)that is found below the ground and used to produce energy.
十一、单项选择。
23．All sorts of pollutions around us are bad our health many ways.
A．for; by B．for; in C．of; in D．of; by
24．— Working in noisy conditions for a long time is bad for our hearing.
— I agree with you. It may make people go .
A．sour B．deaf C．grey D．well
25．—There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream.
—They may cause .
A．air pollution B．water pollution
C．noise pollution D．light pollution
26．Burning gas, oil and coal air pollution and it can also some illness.
A．creates; cause B．created; cause
C．created; causes D．creates; causes
27． less pollution, the earth will become and our people's health will be .
A．By; green; good B．With; greener; better
C．In; greener; better D．On; greenest; best
十二、汉语提示完成句子。
28．汉语提示完成句子。
（1）噪音污染也可能引起高血压。
Noise pollution can cause as well.
（2）大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着被污染的空气。
Most people don't that they polluted air.
（3）我们需要发展本地工业。
We need to the local .
（4）随着工业的发展，环境污染成为一大社会问题。
, environmental pollution becomes a big social problem.
（5）燃烧煤和汽油污染大气，也有害于我们的健康。
Burning coal and oil pollutes the air, and it our health .
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）several
（2）waste
（3）polluted
（4）mess
（5）shame
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：有几个男生在操场上踢足球。被修饰的名词是复数，故填several。
⑵句意：别浪费一滴水，因为地球很缺水。故填waste。
⑶句意：人类自己已经污染了他们自己的环境。根据have可知用过去分词polluted。
⑷句意：哦，真乱！环境已经完全被那些工厂毁掉了。故填mess
⑸句意：真可惜，因为有毒的土壤那些花儿死了。故填shame。
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】动词原形；现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：许多年前，空气清新，水流清澈。我们能看见蜜蜂飞舞，听见鸟儿歌唱。could后跟动词原形，see sb. doing slh.看见某人（正在）做某事；hear sb doing sth听见某人在做某事。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：他说去去过两次长城。has been to 表示“去过”。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】分词
【解析】【分析】句意：西北的人们已经砍掉了太多的树木，所以沙尘暴总是在春天的时候来到中国的许多地方。cut off 断，切断;cut down 砍倒。根据have可知用现在完成时，故选B。
【点评】考查过去分词。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】副词辨析；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这种花儿看起来不错，但是闻起来很难闻。 look看起来;smell闻起来。两个词都是感官动词，后接形容词作表语。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词副词辨析。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】短语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into把……放在……里。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
7．【答案】（1）B；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）A；（10）A
【知识点】科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：许多年以前，人们过着艰苦的生活，他们不会使用现代的机器，因为那时没有一台现代机器。not one=not a machine；no one=nobody，故选B。
⑵句意：最大的问题之一就是它已经把我们的河流和湖泊变得很脏。make使；让；keep保持。故选B。
⑶句意：这造成鱼类死亡，影响了我们的饮用水。drinking water饮用水。故选C。
⑷句意：噪音污染让我们讲话更大声。more+多音节形容词副词，故选D。
⑸句意：变得更容易发怒。与more loudly呼应，故选C。
⑹句意：机器和工厂每天污染我们的空气。根据every day可知用一般现在时，故选A。
⑺句意：有时候污染是如此厚以至于它就像一个毯子盖在城市上空。根据后面的 like a blanket (毯子）covering a city可知选C。
⑻句意：我们必须在把水倒入某个地方前把废水处理干净。waste water。故选B。
⑼词组：pour water into把水倒入……。故选A。
⑽句意：我们必须把垃圾放进垃圾箱而不是到处乱扔。故选A。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一 时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。
8．【答案】（1）pain
（2）awful
（3）harmful
（4）bear
（5）produced
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：因为劣质空气，我的喉咙一直疼。故填pain。
⑵句意：在公共场所随地吐痰是一种极坏的行为。故填awful。
⑶句意：吸烟对你的健康有害，早点戒烟对你有益。be harmful to 对……有害。故填harmful。
⑷句意：今年夏天南京这么热，甚至许多当地人都不能忍受。故填bear。
⑸句意：美国今年生产了比去年更多的汽车。故填produced
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我受不了外面的嘈杂声，它几乎让我发疯了。hold容纳；握住；agree同意；get得到；bear忍受。根据句意可知选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：经过20千米的远足之后，我呼吸都感觉困难。breath呼吸，名词;breathe呼吸，动词。句型：It is+形容词+to do sth。故选Ｄ。
【点评】考查动词不定式。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：——Jane这几天心情不好，咱们想办法让她高兴起来吧！——演个短剧怎么样？A.心情好；B.惊奇；C.心情不好；D.情绪高涨。由 Let's think of ways to cheer her up!可知,选C。
【点评】考查介词短语。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你注意到这儿的人了吗？据说他们患了一种怪病。have+过去分词，构成现在完成时；hear听见；hear of听说；notice注意到。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——你怎么啦？——我嗓子疼。A中matter前缺the；B.为了什么；C.你有什么问题；D.我可以帮你吗？根据下文答语可知答案为C。
【点评】考查交际用语。
14．【答案】E；A；D；C；B
【知识点】补全对话；情景交际
【解析】【分析】
⑴回答上一句 Where have you been, Li Hai 可知选E。
⑵根据下一句I found that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it. Lots of fish have died. 可知询问去那儿的目的，故选A。
⑶对上一句 Lots of fish have died. 的回应，故选Ｄ。
⑷回答上面的一般疑问句，故选C。
⑸回答上文的提议，故选B。
【点评】考查日常交际用语的应用，要紧扣话题，根据上下文逻辑关系进行准确判断。
15．【答案】（1）recently
（2）meaning
（3）deaf
（4）sentence
（5）print
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：Jane近来心情不好。故填recently。
⑵句意：这个单词的汉语意思是什么？故填meaning。
⑶句意：不能听见声音或者听力不好。故填deaf，耳聋的。
⑷句意：表达问题，命令或陈述的一套单词。故填sentence。
⑸句意：使用机器生产书信，书，报纸等。故填print，打印，印刷。
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
16．【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：别那么吵，否则你会打扰邻居的。hurt使受伤；cheer欢呼；disturb打扰；include包括。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
17．【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：John还比不上一个贼，你最好离他远点儿。A项意为“至少，不少于”；B项意为“除了(还）”；C项意为“不比…好；几乎与…一样糟”；D项意为“与……一样长；只要”。由题意可知选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
18．【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们继续不理会他的求助，事情肯定会越来越糟。A项意为“对……感兴趣”；B项意为“对……感到满意”；C项意为“在……附近”；D项意为“不愿听；不肯听取；对……充耳不闻”。由句意“事情肯定会越来越糟”，可知选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
19．【答案】B
【知识点】表并列关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：——外宾在我们市讲中文有什么问题吗？——我想没问题。现在不仅年轻人而且老人都能讲一点英语。A项意为“不是……就是……”；B项意为“不但……而且……”；C项意为“和……一样”，不可连接名词；D项意为“既不……也不……”。 由题意可知选B。
【点评】考查并列连词辨析。
20．【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：水污染影响我们城市的面貌，更糟糕的是，它对我们的健康有害。A项意为“对……有益”；B项意为“指向……”；C项意为“对……有害”；D项意为“对……有帮助”。由题意可知选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
21．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）B
【知识点】科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文谈论工业的发展对环境带来极大破坏。建议我们放慢发展速度，从而减少污染。
（1）细节理解。从第一段Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials.得知，不断增长的人口给我们带来了众多问题。故选A
（2）细节理解。 从第二段more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modem society得知农村的人涌入城市是为了享受现代的生活。故选B
（3）推理判断。根据第一段和第二段可知，人类为了享受现代生活的欲望，大力发展工业，因此对环境，水和空气造成了污染，故选A
（4）推理判断。 本文意在批评我们只顾发展，而忽视了环境污染。故选C
（5）主旨大意。 本文告诫我们要注重发展与环境的关系,否则人类将自食其果。故选B
【点评】这是一篇与本单元话题相关的议论文，前两题属于细节理解，从文中可以直接找到答案，后三题需要通读全文，认真理解才能准确判断。
22．【答案】（1）planets
（2）pressure
（3）create
（4）blood
（5）coal
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：地球是太阳系的行星之一。one of+复数名词，故填planets。
⑵句意：他爷爷有高血压。故填pressure。
⑶句意：政府计划为年轻人创造更多工作。故填create。
⑷句意：流过人或动物身体的红色液体，故填blood，血液。
⑸句意：在地下被发现产生能量的硬的黑色矿物。故填coal，煤。
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
23．【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们周围各种污染在许多方面对我们的健康有害。be bad for对……有害；in many ways在许多方面，故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。
24．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——在嘈杂的环境中长时间工作对我们的听力有害。——我同意你的看法，那可以使人变聋。sour酸的；deaf聋的；grey灰色的；well好的。根据上一句可知选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。
25．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——有几家化工厂把废水排进小溪里。——他们也许会造成水污染。A.空气污染；B.水污染；C.噪音污染；D.光污染。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。
26．【答案】A
【知识点】动词原形；第三人称单数
【解析】【分析】句意：燃烧天然气、石油和煤造成空气污染，也能造成一些疾病。根据后面can可知用一般现在时,动名词作主语，谓语用单数；can+动词原形。故选A。
【点评】考查主谓一致。
27．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：有了更少的污染，地球将变得更绿，我们人们的健康将会更好。by通过；with有；in在里面；on在上面；与less相呼应，故用比较级，故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析和比较级。
28．【答案】（1）high；blood；pressure
（2）realize；are；breathing
（3）develop；industry
（4）With；the；development；of；industry
（5）is；harmful；to；as；well
【知识点】汉译英；补充句子
【解析】【分析】
⑴高血压：high blood pressure。
⑵realize意识到；根据汉语“正呼应”可知用现在进行时，故填 realize；are breathing。
⑶develop发展；industry工业。故填：develop；industry。
⑷with结构作状语，故填With the development of。
⑸be harmful to对……有害；as well也。故填：is harmful for；as well。
【点评】考查固定搭配在语境中的运用，熟记固定搭配，注意在不同的语境中对单词作必要的变形。
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仁爱科普版九年级上Unit 2 Saving the earth. Topic 1 Pollution has causestoo many problems.同步练习1
一、根据首字母提示补全单词。
1．根据首字母提示补全单词。
（1）There are s boys playing soccer on the playground.
（2）Don't w even one drop of water, because the earth is very short of water.
（3）Humans have p their own environment themselves.
（4）Oh, what a m ! Environment has been totally destroyed by those factories.
（5）What a s ! Those beautiful flowers are dead because of the poisonous (有毒的)soil.
【答案】（1）several
（2）waste
（3）polluted
（4）mess
（5）shame
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：有几个男生在操场上踢足球。被修饰的名词是复数，故填several。
⑵句意：别浪费一滴水，因为地球很缺水。故填waste。
⑶句意：人类自己已经污染了他们自己的环境。根据have可知用过去分词polluted。
⑷句意：哦，真乱！环境已经完全被那些工厂毁掉了。故填mess
⑸句意：真可惜，因为有毒的土壤那些花儿死了。故填shame。
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
二、单项选择。
2．Many years ago, the air was fresh and the water was clean here. We could bees and hear birds .
A．see; dance; sing B．see; dancing; singing
C．saw; dance; sing D．saw; dancing; singing
【答案】B
【知识点】动词原形；现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：许多年前，空气清新，水流清澈。我们能看见蜜蜂飞舞，听见鸟儿歌唱。could后跟动词原形，see sb. doing slh.看见某人（正在）做某事；hear sb doing sth听见某人在做某事。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。
3．He says he the Great Wall twice.
A．has been in B．has been to C．has gone to D．has been for
【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：他说去去过两次长城。has been to 表示“去过”。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
4．People in the Northwest have too many trees, so sandstorm is always coming in many parts of China in spring.
A．cut off B．cut down C．cutting off D．cutting down
【答案】B
【知识点】分词
【解析】【分析】句意：西北的人们已经砍掉了太多的树木，所以沙尘暴总是在春天的时候来到中国的许多地方。cut off 断，切断;cut down 砍倒。根据have可知用现在完成时，故选B。
【点评】考查过去分词。
5．This kind of flower looks , but smells .
A．nice; terrible B．well; terribly C．well; bad D．better; worst
【答案】A
【知识点】副词辨析；形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这种花儿看起来不错，但是闻起来很难闻。 look看起来;smell闻起来。两个词都是感官动词，后接形容词作表语。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词副词辨析。
6．Don't waste water the river and the lake.
A．put; into B．pour; in C．pour; into D．put; to
【答案】C
【知识点】短语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into把……放在……里。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
三、完形填空。
7．根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案填空。
Many years ago, people lived a hard life. They couldn't use modern machines, because there was （1） one at that time. Today people have a better life but there are new problems. One of biggest problems is it has （2） our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and affects our （3） water. We call it water pollution. Noise pollution makes us talk more （4） and become angry （5） . Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It affects all living things in the world. Machines and factories （6） our air every day. Sometimes the pollution is so （7） that it is like a blanket (毯子）covering a city. Many countries are making new laws to reduce pollution. We must clean （8） water before we （9） them into some place. We need to do many other things to protect our environment. We must put rubbish into dustbins （10） throwing them about. We can go to work by bus, on foot, or with friends in a car. If we do like that every day, our environment will be better.
（1）A．no B．not
C．many D．much
（2）A．make B．made
C．keep D．kept
（3）A．drink B．drunk
C．drinking D．drank
（4）A．clear B．clearer
C．louder D．loudly
（5）A．easier B．easy
C．more easily D．easily
（6）A．pollute B．polluting
C．pollutes D．polluted
（7）A．light B．hard
C．thick D．thin
（8）A．well B．waste
C．wasting D．wasted
（9）A．pour B．place
C．plan D．protect
（10）A．instead of B．instead
C．because of D．because
【答案】（1）B；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）A；（10）A
【知识点】科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：许多年以前，人们过着艰苦的生活，他们不会使用现代的机器，因为那时没有一台现代机器。not one=not a machine；no one=nobody，故选B。
⑵句意：最大的问题之一就是它已经把我们的河流和湖泊变得很脏。make使；让；keep保持。故选B。
⑶句意：这造成鱼类死亡，影响了我们的饮用水。drinking water饮用水。故选C。
⑷句意：噪音污染让我们讲话更大声。more+多音节形容词副词，故选D。
⑸句意：变得更容易发怒。与more loudly呼应，故选C。
⑹句意：机器和工厂每天污染我们的空气。根据every day可知用一般现在时，故选A。
⑺句意：有时候污染是如此厚以至于它就像一个毯子盖在城市上空。根据后面的 like a blanket (毯子）covering a city可知选C。
⑻句意：我们必须在把水倒入某个地方前把废水处理干净。waste water。故选B。
⑼词组：pour water into把水倒入……。故选A。
⑽句意：我们必须把垃圾放进垃圾箱而不是到处乱扔。故选A。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一 时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。
四、根据首字母提示补全单词。
8．根据首字母提示补全单词。
（1）Because of the bad air, I have a p in my throat all the time.
（2）Spitting in public is a kind of a behavior.
（3）Smoking is h to your health. Giving it up earlier is good for you.
（4）It's so hot in Nanjing this summer that even many local people can't b it.
（5）America p more cars this year than last year.
【答案】（1）pain
（2）awful
（3）harmful
（4）bear
（5）produced
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：因为劣质空气，我的喉咙一直疼。故填pain。
⑵句意：在公共场所随地吐痰是一种极坏的行为。故填awful。
⑶句意：吸烟对你的健康有害，早点戒烟对你有益。be harmful to 对……有害。故填harmful。
⑷句意：今年夏天南京这么热，甚至许多当地人都不能忍受。故填bear。
⑸句意：美国今年生产了比去年更多的汽车。故填produced
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
五、单项选择。
9．I can't the noise outside. It's nearly driving me mad.
A．hold B．agree C．get D．bear
【答案】D
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我受不了外面的嘈杂声，它几乎让我发疯了。hold容纳；握住；agree同意；get得到；bear忍受。根据句意可知选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
10．It's difficult for me after the 20-kilometer hiking.
A．breath B．breathe C．to breath D．to breathe
【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：经过20千米的远足之后，我呼吸都感觉困难。breath呼吸，名词;breathe呼吸，动词。句型：It is+形容词+to do sth。故选Ｄ。
【点评】考查动词不定式。
11．— Jane is these days. Let's think of ways to cheer her up!
— What about putting on a short play
A．in a good mood B．in surprise
C．in a bad mood D．in high spirits
【答案】C
【知识点】介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：——Jane这几天心情不好，咱们想办法让她高兴起来吧！——演个短剧怎么样？A.心情好；B.惊奇；C.心情不好；D.情绪高涨。由 Let's think of ways to cheer her up!可知,选C。
【点评】考查介词短语。
12．Have you the people here It is said that they have a kind of strange illness.
A．hear B．heard C．noticed D．notice
【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：你注意到这儿的人了吗？据说他们患了一种怪病。have+过去分词，构成现在完成时；hear听见；hear of听说；notice注意到。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
13．—
— I've got a pain in my throat.
A．What's matter with you B．What's for
C．What's wrong with you D．Can I help you
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——你怎么啦？——我嗓子疼。A中matter前缺the；B.为了什么；C.你有什么问题；D.我可以帮你吗？根据下文答语可知答案为C。
【点评】考查交际用语。
六、从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。
14．从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。
A: Where have you been, Li Hai I called you, but you weren't in.
B:
A:
B: I found that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it. Lots of fish have died.
A:
B: Do you think “Greener China” can do something
A: if they know about this thing, they will prevent it. Let's write to them at once.
B: I think everything will become better.
A. What did you do there B. Good idea. C. Yes, of course D. That's terrible.
E. I've been to a chemical factory
【答案】E；A；D；C；B
【知识点】补全对话；情景交际
【解析】【分析】
⑴回答上一句 Where have you been, Li Hai 可知选E。
⑵根据下一句I found that the factory was pouring waste water into the river near it. Lots of fish have died. 可知询问去那儿的目的，故选A。
⑶对上一句 Lots of fish have died. 的回应，故选Ｄ。
⑷回答上面的一般疑问句，故选C。
⑸回答上文的提议，故选B。
【点评】考查日常交际用语的应用，要紧扣话题，根据上下文逻辑关系进行准确判断。
七、根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
15．根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
（1）Jane is in bad mood r .
（2）What's the m of the word in Chinese
（3） not able to hear anything or not able to hear very well.
（4） a set of words expressing a question, an order or a statement.
（5） to produce letters, books, newspapers, etc. on paper using a machine.
【答案】（1）recently
（2）meaning
（3）deaf
（4）sentence
（5）print
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：Jane近来心情不好。故填recently。
⑵句意：这个单词的汉语意思是什么？故填meaning。
⑶句意：不能听见声音或者听力不好。故填deaf，耳聋的。
⑷句意：表达问题，命令或陈述的一套单词。故填sentence。
⑸句意：使用机器生产书信，书，报纸等。故填print，打印，印刷。
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
八、单项选择。
16．Don't make so much noise, or you'll your neighbors.
A．hurt B．cheer C．disturb D．include
【答案】C
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：别那么吵，否则你会打扰邻居的。hurt使受伤；cheer欢呼；disturb打扰；include包括。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
17．John is a thief. You'd better stay away from him.
A．no less than B．as well as C．no better than D．as long as
【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：John还比不上一个贼，你最好离他远点儿。A项意为“至少，不少于”；B项意为“除了(还）”；C项意为“不比…好；几乎与…一样糟”；D项意为“与……一样长；只要”。由题意可知选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
18．If we continue to be their cry for help, things are sure to go from bad to worse.
A．interested in B．pleased with C．close to D．deaf to
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们继续不理会他的求助，事情肯定会越来越糟。A项意为“对……感兴趣”；B项意为“对……感到满意”；C项意为“在……附近”；D项意为“不愿听；不肯听取；对……充耳不闻”。由句意“事情肯定会越来越糟”，可知选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
19．— Do the foreigners have any problems talking in Chinese in our city
— I don't think so. Now the young the old can speak some English.
A．either; or B．not only; but also
C．as; as D．neither; nor
【答案】B
【知识点】表并列关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：——外宾在我们市讲中文有什么问题吗？——我想没问题。现在不仅年轻人而且老人都能讲一点英语。A项意为“不是……就是……”；B项意为“不但……而且……”；C项意为“和……一样”，不可连接名词；D项意为“既不……也不……”。 由题意可知选B。
【点评】考查并列连词辨析。
20．Water pollution influences the look of our city and even worse, it _______ our health.
A．does good to B．points to C．does harm to D．is helpful to
【答案】C
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：水污染影响我们城市的面貌，更糟糕的是，它对我们的健康有害。A项意为“对……有益”；B项意为“指向……”；C项意为“对……有害”；D项意为“对……有帮助”。由题意可知选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
九、阅读理解。
21．根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
Our living environment is being polluted faster than before and it seems nobody can prevent it. Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials.
How can we understand and solve this problem The fact is that pollution is caused by man —by his desire (欲望）for a modem way of life. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There are more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modem society. But as the technological momentum (势头) has grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.
Now we have to stop to ask ourselves where we are going and why. It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker, “I've got some good news and bad news. The good news is that we're going at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we are going.” The sad fact is that this problem becomes a true story when speaking of our modem society.
（1）Man fails to stop the world from being polluted because .
A．the population of the world is increasing fast
B．people use too many machines
C．we have more and more industry
D．we are producing more cars, trucks and buses
（2）People from the countryside crowd into cities for .
A．good jobs B．enjoying the modern life
C．fun D．becoming tired of their hometown
（3）Man cares about most according to the passage.
A．industry B．clean water
C．health D．the future of the children
（4）The story about the airline pilot tells us that .
A．man knows where the society is going
B．the pilot doesn't know where to go
C．man has done little with the problem of pollution
D．the pilot is not good at flying
（5）The main idea of this passage is .
A．pollution has become a serious problem
B．man should slow down the speed of development to stop pollution
C．the pilot would like to make a contribution to protecting the environment
D．as industry is growing fast, pollution is the natural result
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）B
【知识点】科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文谈论工业的发展对环境带来极大破坏。建议我们放慢发展速度，从而减少污染。
（1）细节理解。从第一段Time brings us more people, and more people bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and growing use of man-made materials.得知，不断增长的人口给我们带来了众多问题。故选A
（2）细节理解。 从第二段more people from the countryside moving into the cities and enjoying the modem society得知农村的人涌入城市是为了享受现代的生活。故选B
（3）推理判断。根据第一段和第二段可知，人类为了享受现代生活的欲望，大力发展工业，因此对环境，水和空气造成了污染，故选A
（4）推理判断。 本文意在批评我们只顾发展，而忽视了环境污染。故选C
（5）主旨大意。 本文告诫我们要注重发展与环境的关系,否则人类将自食其果。故选B
【点评】这是一篇与本单元话题相关的议论文，前两题属于细节理解，从文中可以直接找到答案，后三题需要通读全文，认真理解才能准确判断。
十、根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
22．根据英文释义或首字母提示写出单词。
（1）The earth is one of the p in the solar system.
（2）His grandfather has high blood p .
（3）The government plans to c more jobs for young people.
（4） the red liquid (液体)that flows through the bodies of humans and animals.
（5） a kind of hard black mineral(矿物)that is found below the ground and used to produce energy.
【答案】（1）planets
（2）pressure
（3）create
（4）blood
（5）coal
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意：地球是太阳系的行星之一。one of+复数名词，故填planets。
⑵句意：他爷爷有高血压。故填pressure。
⑶句意：政府计划为年轻人创造更多工作。故填create。
⑷句意：流过人或动物身体的红色液体，故填blood，血液。
⑸句意：在地下被发现产生能量的硬的黑色矿物。故填coal，煤。
【点评】考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要熟记单词的音、形、义和性，判断时要结合语境和常识，符合逻辑。
十一、单项选择。
23．All sorts of pollutions around us are bad our health many ways.
A．for; by B．for; in C．of; in D．of; by
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们周围各种污染在许多方面对我们的健康有害。be bad for对……有害；in many ways在许多方面，故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。
24．— Working in noisy conditions for a long time is bad for our hearing.
— I agree with you. It may make people go .
A．sour B．deaf C．grey D．well
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——在嘈杂的环境中长时间工作对我们的听力有害。——我同意你的看法，那可以使人变聋。sour酸的；deaf聋的；grey灰色的；well好的。根据上一句可知选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。
25．—There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream.
—They may cause .
A．air pollution B．water pollution
C．noise pollution D．light pollution
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——有几家化工厂把废水排进小溪里。——他们也许会造成水污染。A.空气污染；B.水污染；C.噪音污染；D.光污染。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。
26．Burning gas, oil and coal air pollution and it can also some illness.
A．creates; cause B．created; cause
C．created; causes D．creates; causes
【答案】A
【知识点】动词原形；第三人称单数
【解析】【分析】句意：燃烧天然气、石油和煤造成空气污染，也能造成一些疾病。根据后面can可知用一般现在时,动名词作主语，谓语用单数；can+动词原形。故选A。
【点评】考查主谓一致。
27． less pollution, the earth will become and our people's health will be .
A．By; green; good B．With; greener; better
C．In; greener; better D．On; greenest; best
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：有了更少的污染，地球将变得更绿，我们人们的健康将会更好。by通过；with有；in在里面；on在上面；与less相呼应，故用比较级，故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析和比较级。
十二、汉语提示完成句子。
28．汉语提示完成句子。
（1）噪音污染也可能引起高血压。
Noise pollution can cause as well.
（2）大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着被污染的空气。
Most people don't that they polluted air.
（3）我们需要发展本地工业。
We need to the local .
（4）随着工业的发展，环境污染成为一大社会问题。
, environmental pollution becomes a big social problem.
（5）燃烧煤和汽油污染大气，也有害于我们的健康。
Burning coal and oil pollutes the air, and it our health .
【答案】（1）high；blood；pressure
（2）realize；are；breathing
（3）develop；industry
（4）With；the；development；of；industry
（5）is；harmful；to；as；well
【知识点】汉译英；补充句子
【解析】【分析】
⑴高血压：high blood pressure。
⑵realize意识到；根据汉语“正呼应”可知用现在进行时，故填 realize；are breathing。
⑶develop发展；industry工业。故填：develop；industry。
⑷with结构作状语，故填With the development of。
⑸be harmful to对……有害；as well也。故填：is harmful for；as well。
【点评】考查固定搭配在语境中的运用，熟记固定搭配，注意在不同的语境中对单词作必要的变形。
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