考向14 特殊句式与情景交际
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命题趋势
)
在高中阶段,特殊句式比较杂乱掌握起来有一定的难度。对特殊句式的考查主要包括倒装句、强调句型,其中倒装句是高考的热点,强调句是高考的难点。同时,祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。
情景交际就是指在一些特定环境种的会用到的一些固定句式或简略性回答。
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考点归纳
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根据高考对特殊句型的考察,在复习备考中,考生应该:
1. 掌握倒装的必备条件及倒装的具体应用。
2. 熟知强调句的基本结构及其疑问句句式、特殊疑问句式,注意其与结构相似的主从复合句的区别。
3. 掌握省略的一些基本原则,在行文中正确地使用省略。
4. 掌握祈使句、感叹句的基本形式及用法。
5. 掌握反意疑问句的构成和用法。
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考点一
倒装(全部、部分)
)
【真题典例】
1(2019·天津卷)The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account决不,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,应该做should do,敢于做dare do,根据句意表示”应该“,故选A。
2.(2017 江苏) _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it
C. It was D. Was it
【参考答案】B
【试题解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were;虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省
略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B。句意:要不是老师们的支持,该 生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
3. (2016 江苏)Not until recently________the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage D.they encouraged
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】考查时态和倒装。根据时间状语"recently"可知本句应用一般过去时。Not until+状语位于句 首,句子采用部分倒装的语序,因此本题选择C。
【考点归纳】
全部倒装
1. There be句型:可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外,还可用live,exist,remain,stand等作谓语。例如:
(1) There are many students in the classroom.
(2) Long long ago,there lived a king who loved horses very much.
2. 用于“here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调。例如:
Here comes the bus.
Out went the children.
3. 由then引起,谓语为come,follow的句子。例如:
(1) Then came a new difficulty.
(2) Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.
4. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时,也常常引起全部倒装。例如:
In the middle of our school stands a high building.
5. 表语放在句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。表语常为形容词、过去分词和介词短语。例如:
(1) Gone are the days when they would do what they liked.
(2) Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.
6. 表语放在句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。表语常为形容词、过去分词和介词短语。例如:
(1) Gone are the days when they would do what they liked.
(2) Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.
部分倒装
1. only+副词/介词短语/状语从句置于句首。
例如:Only then did I realize the importance of English.
注意:
①在only+状语从句+主句结构中,主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。
Only when you have finished your homework can you go to the cinema.
②only修饰主语,不倒装。Only Tom knows how to deal with the tough situation.
2. 否定词(短语)开头的句子:
表示否定意义的副词never,nor,neither;
表示半否定意义的副词hardly,few,seldom,little;
含有no和not的词组by no means(绝不),in no time(很快),at no time(在任何时候都不),not until,not only … but also...,no sooner...than
(1) Never shall I believe you again.
(2) Little did he know who the woman was.
(3) Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
3. 以so开头,用“so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”表明前面叙述的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或物,译作“也,同样,也如此”。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物,用“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”。译作“也不是,也没有”。例如:
The boy left home, and so did his sister a week later.
-I don’t think I can walk any further.
—Neither can I. Let’s stop for a rest.
注意:当so表示对前句内容的肯定、附和或进一步强调前面所说的情况,译作“的确,正是”时,用正常语序。例如:
— Tom works hard.
— So he does and so do you.
4. 如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were,should,had,可以把if省略,而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。
例如:
If there should be a flood,what would we do?→
Should there be a flood,what would we do?
5. 频度副词及短语often,always,now and then,many a time,every other day等放在句首时,有时也倒装。
例如:Many a time has he come to comfort me.
某些表示祝愿的句子也用倒装语序。例如:May you succeed!
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考点二
强调句型
)
【真题典例】
1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意:只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句,强调句型结构为:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。
2.(2017﹒天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment ___________ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意:当我回到我的公寓的时候,我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头,后面连 词首选that,构成强调句型,但需要验证,本句中去掉It was 和that,句意完整,所以确定是强调句型。 故选D。
3.【2016·天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意:你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句,结构是:It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分,如果强调部分是人,也可以用who,这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel。故选D。
4.【2016·上海】(B)But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分;其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。
【考点归纳】
1. 强调句型的基本结构
强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。
强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分?
强调句型的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他成分?
2. 强调句型强调的成分
强调句型强调的成分:主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人时,用who或that皆可;指物时,只能用that;被强调部分是时间、地点,原因或方式状语时,不用when,where,why或how而用that。
It was the boy that/who I met in the street yesterday.
我昨天在街道遇到的正是这个男孩。(强调宾语)
It was in Beijing that we visited the Great Wall.
正是在北京我们参观了长城。(强调地点状语)
It is my mother who/that reminds me to get up on time every day.
每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床。(强调主语)
3. 在强调句型中,强调原句中的主语时,that/who后的谓语单复数的确定。
在强调句型中,若强调原句中的主语,that/who后的谓语动词的单复数应与被强调的主语的单复数形式保持一致。
It is the little boy who/that has broken a beautiful jar.
It is they who/that are going to attend your birthday party tomorrow.
4. 对not...until结构的强调
not...until结构的强调句型为"It is/was not until...that..."在这一固定句型中,由于not已经前移,that后只能用肯定形式。
It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才睡觉。
I didn’t realize it until I got off the bus.→It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.
5. 如何识别强调句型
强调句型中的it is/was和that无实际意义,去掉后,句子结构仍然完整、正确,句意仍然明确;而其他句型去掉it is/was和that后,句意不完整。
It is for three hours that they have worked. 他们已经工作三个小时了。(强调句型)
It is a wonder that he is still alive. 他还活着真是个奇迹。(it作形式主语)
【易错警示】
使用强调句型的几个注意事项
(1)若被强调成分是主语,who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与被强调的主语保持一致。
It is he who/that often helps me with my English.是他经常帮我学英语。
It is trees that we plant on the hillside every year.我们每年都在山坡上种的是树。
(2)若被强调成分是作主语的代词,用主格;若是作宾语的代词,则用宾格。
It was he that helped me yesterday.昨天帮我的人是他。
It was me that he helped yesterday.他昨天帮的人是我。
(3)强调句中只用两种时态,即一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was...that/who...,其余的时态用It is...that/who...。
It is you who/that are to blame.是你该受到指责。 (
考点三
省略句
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【真题典例】
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ,70)China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
答案:feeding 此处是省略句。状语从句主语为it,谓语动词含有be动词时,可以省略it和be。由“连词+doing”构成,表示主动的动作。相当于while it is feeding its citizens ... 。
(2016·浙江) Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _______ since their
highest in 2005.
A. had not fallen B. would not fall
C. did not fall D. would not have fallen
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】句意:如果政府和科学家不共同努力,艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使 用虚拟语气, if条件句用的had done,而且省略if,将had提前,主句用would have done表示对过去 情况的虚拟。故选D。
【考点归纳】
1. 如果复合句中的时间、条件、原因状语从句用了主语+be+分词结构,且主、从句主语一致时,可省略从句的连接词、主语和be动词,只保留分词和其他成分。例如:
Lost in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. (Lost in thought为As he was lost in thought的省略)
2. 如复合句中从句的句尾和主句相重复的话,从句的句尾可省略。例如:
(1) Li Lei will play football if Mike will (play football).
(2) Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won’t (sweep the floor).
3. 在回答问句及其他形式的答语中,如有和上文重复的不定式时,在答语中只保留其不定式符号to,而把动词和其他部分省略。例如:
— I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
— Not at all. I’d be happy to. (I’d be happy to后省略了look after your cat)
4. 在英语中,有一些特殊的省略结构,如:What/How about...?Why not do...?等实际上已形成了习惯用法。例如:
— I usually go there by train.
Why not try going by boat for a change?
【真题典例】
1. (2018·北京卷·单项填空) In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词,连接并列结构,and后面是一个句子,那么,前面也应是句子,选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
2.【2015·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
A. to keep B. to have kept
C. keep D. have kept
【答案】C
【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子,而that引导的是宾语从句,因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意:永远记住,你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
【考点归纳】
反意疑问句是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。
形式:句子+简短的疑问
1.反意疑问句的一般情况:
(1) 当陈述部分的主语是everyone,everybody,someone,no one,nobody,somebody等时,其附加部分的主语强调全部可用they,强调个体也可用he。例如:
Everyone knows what money means,doesn’t he/don’t they?
(2) 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或these,those时,附加问句中的主语分别用it和they。
例如: These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?
(3) 当陈述部分的主语是everything,anything,nothing等时,附加问句中的主语用it。
例如:Everything seems all right now,doesn’t it?
(4) 陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,如:never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,no,none,no one,rarely,nowhere,nothing,nobody,few,little等,附加问句一般用肯定式。
例如:She seldom goes to the cinema,does she?
2.常见句型的反意疑问句:
(1) 当陈述部分是there be句型时,其后的附加问句也用there。
There will be a special exhibition on tomorrow,won’t there?
(2) 祈使句后面的反意疑问句问题:
①祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问部分只能用will you。
Don’t forget the meeting,will you?
②祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问部分用肯定、否定均可。
Give me some cigarettes,will you/ won’t you?
3.复合句的反意疑问句
当陈述部分是“I’m sure,I’m afraid,I don’t think(suppose,expect,imagine,believe等)+宾语从句”结构时,附加问句应与从句主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
4.关于情态动词的反意疑问句:
(1) 陈述部分中有have/had to,附加疑问句部分通常用do的相应形式代替。例如:
You have to get up early tomorrow to catch the first bus,don’t you?
(2) 陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must;陈述部分中的must表示“一定、想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分则是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定。
(3) 陈述部分是I wish,表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I。
例如:I wish to see you again,may I?
祈使句
祈使句的主语是you,但一般被省略;当前面有呼语时,一般得补出主语you;否定式一般是在前面加Don’t。
在“祈使句,+and/or/and then+句子”句型中,当祈使句中含有比较级时,可将祈使句中的谓语部分省略,只留下“比较级或比较级与名词,+and/or/and then+句子”。
感叹句句型:what +a(n)+adj +n.+主语+be!;How +adj/adv.+主语+动词!
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考点五
情景交际总结
)
【真题典例】
1(2021·天津卷6月)—I was trying to place an order on your website, but I failed.
________ .I can take your order over the phone.
A. That’s fine B. No way
C. My pleasure D. Of course
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——我想在你们的网站上下订单,但是我失败了。——我可以通过电话帮您点餐。A. That’s fine没关系;B. No way不行,没门;C. My pleasure不客气;D. Of course当然。根据“I can take your order over the phone”可知,此处表示没有关系。故选A。
2(2021·天津卷6月) I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players.
________ You've got nowhere to go but up.
A. Tell me a bit more. B. I'm not so sure about that.
C. Look on the bright side! D. That is absolute nonsense!
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——我告诉过你!我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第25名。——抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tell me a bit more再多告诉我一些;B.I'm not so sure about that对此我不确定;C.Look on the bright side!抱乐观态度;D.That is absolute nonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“You've got nowhere to go but up. ”可知,此处是指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。
3(2021·天津卷第一次考试)—How's the project going
— ________. All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
A.Easy come easy go B.Far from it
C.By all means D.So far so good
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——这个项目进展的如何?——到目前为止,一直都还不错。我们要做的就是完成最后一项工作。A.Easy come easy go 来得容易去得也快;B.Far from it 远非如此;C.By all means 尽一切办法,务必;D.So far so good 到目前为止,一直都还不错。根据下半句可知,目前进展还不错。故选D。
4(2021·天津卷第一次考试)—Are you done with the book I gave you
— ________. I'm still reading the last chapter.
A.Hard to say B.Not quite
C.Of course D.It all depends
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——我给你的那本书你看完了吗?——还没完全看完。我还在看最后一章。A. Hard to say很难说;B. Not quite不完全,未必;C. Of course当然;D. It all depends要看情况而定。根据后文“I'm still reading the last chapter.”可知书还没完全看完,not quite符合语境。故选B。
5(2020·江苏卷) Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years.
A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake
C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack
【答案】D
【解析】考查习惯用语辨析。句意:在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情,但当地政府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket一件扫兴的事情;B. a piece of cake小菜一碟;C. a dark horse出人意外的获胜者;D. a hard nut to crack很难解决的问题。根据空前such a bridge over the bay及空后but the local government made it within two years可知,在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。
6(2020·江苏卷)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. How come B. So what
C. By all means. D. With pleasure.
【答案】C
【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意:-你知道关于张仲景的事情吗?-当然。 自东汉以来,他被尊为医学大师。A. How come 怎么会?B. So what 那又怎样?C. By all means.当然;D. With pleasure.很愿效劳。根据空后He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.可知,后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。C选项符合语境。故选C。
7(2020·天津卷)—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
A.That’s it B.Give it a try
C.It's settled D. D. You're kidding me
【答案】A
解析】考查情景交际。句意:—Tim做决定有困难。—就是。他还在犹豫是否接受那份工作。 A.That's it就是;B. Give it a try试一试:C. It's settled那就决定了;D.You're kidding me你在跟我开玩笑吧。此处是对上句情况的肯定,故选A。
8(2020·天津卷)—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A.My pleasure B.No wonder
C.Good point D.Never mind
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--下次你去拜访Bob的时候,记得提前给他打个电话。--好主意。我会的。A. My pleasure 我很荣幸,别客气;B. No wonder难怪;C. Good point好主意;D. Never mind没有关系。根据”I will”可知,第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。故C选项符合语境。故选C。
9(2020·天津卷))—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A.Have a try B.Don’t mention it
C.Don’t bother D.Go ahead
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗?--不用麻烦了。我开车送她去。A. Have a try试一试吧;B. Don’t mention it别客气,不用谢;C. Don’t bother不用麻烦了;D. Go ahead走吧,干吧。根据“I will drive her there”可知,第二个人会送莎拉去机场,因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”。故选C。
10(2019·江苏卷) —Let's take a coffee break.
— __________ We' ve been working for hours.
A. Why bother B. What for
C. You got me there. D. You said it.
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景对话。—句意:我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。—你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”,上文应该是赞同这个建议。 why bother没有必要;what for为什么;You got me there你把我搞糊涂了;You said it你算说对了,故选D。
11(2019·天津卷)—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—__________. That's exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn't get it B. It's up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——我猜你想去打网球。——你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想着的事情。从回答的后半句可知,听话人同意说话人的意思。而A(不明白,不认同某人的说法)、B(决于你)和C(很难说,不可预知)都不符合语境。“you read my mind”意为你知我心,符合语境,故选D。
12(2019·天津卷———My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!
—Wow, ___________! What's he going to study
A. good for him B. go for it
C. what a coincidence D. all the best
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查情景对话。句意:——我的儿子得了他梦想大学的全额奖学金。——噢,对他有好处!他打算学习什么呢 good for him“对他有好处” ;go for it“努力争取”; what a coincidence“多么巧合”; all the best“祝一切顺利(祝酒告别时说)”。故选A。
【考点归纳】
对于“sorry”的回答:
Never mind./Not at all./Forget it. /It doesn’t matter./No problem./That’s OK./That’s all right.
表示抱歉:
Pardon me.请原谅我
对于“Thank you”的回答:
You’re welcome./Don’t mention it./Forget it. It’s nothing./It’s my pleasure./ That’s OK./That’s all right.
加油:Cheer up./Good luck./Come on.
表示否定态度的表达:
Come on!拜托,不是吧Well,… 嗯~~~(犹豫中)Thanks.
疑问句的几种表达
So what 那又怎么样?How come 怎么会这样?What for 为什么啊?
Why bother 何必麻烦啊!Why not 为什么不啊!
What if 如果……怎么办?What’s up 怎么了?
Pardon 请再重复一遍。Could I take your order 我能为您点餐吗?
–Sorry, I didn’t offer much help.
- Thank you all the same./ Thanks anyway.(当第一说话者没有真正犯错,而是客气地说句sorry 时,不能回答“1”里说列的回答)
表示赞同
That’s right.(那是对的)/I can’t agree with you more.=I’m with you on that.=I wouldn’t say no./All right=OK./By all means./You guess it.(你说对了!)
表示否定
By no means.(绝不)/ Out of the question.(不可能)/ Not likely.(不可能)/
其他
Go ahead. 请继续、去吧Hold on. 别挂断, 等一下My treat. 我请客At your service.我听您吩咐。
With pleasure. 愿意为您效劳。Take it easy./Take your time.(尤指时间)放轻松,别着急。
Look out. 小心All depends!/That depends. 看情况。
Got it! 明白了。It’s up to you. 听你的。
Not really. 完全不知道。Not exactly. 我略知一二,不是很了解。
Sounds great! 听起来真棒!No kidding! 别开玩笑
No wonder. 难怪It doesn’t hurt to ask. 问问也无妨。It counts for nothing. 这不算什么。
Make sense. 有意义,说得通。I hate to say this. 我不愿意说,但又不得不说。
It’s not my cup of tea.A piece of cake.小菜一碟。
Tomorrow is another day. 明天是崭新的一天。You’ve got me there.你可把我难住了。
You bet. 当然Drop it! 别说了,别提了Believe it or not.无论你相信与否
Be my guest. = Help yourself. 请自便
(
经典变式练
(基础练、提升练、真题练)
)
※基础练单项选择
1.We were aware that, _____, the situation will get worse.
A.if not dealing with carefully B.if dealt not carefully with
C.if not carefully dealt with D.if not carefully dealing with
2.Only when ________her the evidence ________ that she had stolen the money.
A.the police showed; did she admit B.did the police show; did she admit
C.did the police show; she admitted D.the police showed; she admitted
3.Could it be in the restaurant ______ you had dinner with your partner yesterday ______ you lost your handbag
A.which; that B.where; that C.that; which D.that; where
4.Over the years I’ve been trying to figure out________prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect.
A.what it is that B.that it is what
C.it is what D.what is it that
5.Father advised me not to say anything until ______ at the meeting.
A.asking B.asked C.to ask D.ask
6.Hardly ________ out of the house________ it began to rain.
A.I had got, when B.had I got, when
C.I have got, as D.have I got, as
7.No sooner I finished doing the nucleic acid testing I felt like throwing up(呕吐). How I wish we could go back to the days without COVID-19.
A.did, when B.had, than C.had, when D.did, than
8.Not only _______the Dubbing Talent Show held three weeks ago, but also _______ great admiration for the contestants’ marvellous performance.
A.did the students enjoy, the teachers had B.the students enjoyed, did the teachers have C.did the students enjoy, did the teachers have D.the students enjoyed, the teachers had
9.Was it in the village ______ we used to live in ______ the accident happened
A.that; where B.which; that C.where; that D.which; where
10.He made another wonderful invention, ________ of great importance to science.
A.which I think is B.which I think it is
C.which I think it D.I think which is
11.When _________ to the local cultures, people learn the foreign languages better.
A.exposing B.having exposed C.are exposed D.exposed
12.As my father puts it, “It’s not your talent but your efforts _________ count.”
A.which B.what C.that D.why
13.________ seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter college or university.
A.It B.There C.What D.That
14.I’m wondering_________you want me to say for the sake of your innocence.
A.what is it that B.what is it C.what it is that D.it is what
15.One thing you can’t help but________when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space.
A.notice B.to notice C.to be noticed D.being noticed
16.The doctor threw himself from the horse, as if ________.
A.to be shot B.shooting C.shot D.to be shooting
17.The team has finally ticked all the right boxes, since every member is ________ and cooperating extremely well with each other.
A.having a frog in their throat B.letting off steam
C.pulling their weight D.throwing the baby out with the bathwater
18.—Do you understand the meaning of the sentence
—Sorry. ___________. Would you please explain it again
A.I don’t agree B.I don’t know
C.I’m not in the mood for it D.I didn’t get it
19.To resolve the conflict between data and theory, a scientist often has to ________ and approach the problem from different angles.
A.bark up the wrong tree B.think outside the box
C.break new ground D.shun the spotlight
20.— Do you understand the meaning of the sentence
— Sorry, ______ . Would you please explain it again
A.I didn’t get it B.I don’t know
C.I’m not in the mood for it D.I don’t agree with
◎提升练用单词的适当形式完成句子
21.There ________ (be) usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.
22.When deeply ________(absorb) in work, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
23.It’s too noisy to read in the railway station. I would usually look around the shops while ________ (wait) for the train.
24.Hardly ________ she begun to speak when there was a shout from the hall.
25.Not until recently_______ (do) they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
26.If you have a job, do ________(devote) yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
27.It’s not what happens to us that ________(determine) our lives—it’s what we make of what happens.
28.It is coffee __________ they always drink in the afternoon.
29.It is because I know you like the culture of China ____________I would like to invite you to admire it.
30.Hardly ________ (have) we started when the car broke down.
31.I heard different stories about him, but strangely, in no sense were they ________________ (reflect) in the book.
32.Not only ________ (do) we see the picturesque scenery, we also managed to consider Mom’s scandals as a kind of fun.
33.Successful ________ he is, he is not proud.
34.We can achieve almost anything online — with access to the Internet ________(come) some truly life-changing advantages.
35.Diets have changed in China—and so too ________ its top crop.
¤真题练
1.(2018·天津·高考真题)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A.which B.that
C.when D.where
2.(2014·湖南·高考真题)Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.
A.will you keep B.you will keep C.you kept D.did you keep
3.(2014·湖南·高考真题)Children, when_________ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
A.to be accompanied B.to accompany
C.accompanying D.accompanied
4.(2014·广西·高考真题)______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
A.Not do only B.Do not only C.Only not do D.Not only do
5.(2013·湖南·高考真题)Not once________to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A.occurred it B.it did occur
C.it occurred D.did it occur
6.(2013·天津·高考真题)It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan.
A.that B.where
C.why D.when
7.(2013·福建·高考真题)Anyone,once positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A.to be tested B.being tested
C.tested D.to test
8.(2013·江西·高考真题)If ______ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A.asked B.to ask C.asking D.having asked
9.(2021·山东·高考真题)________was on the Mid-Autumn Day ________Lin Mei gave her mother a new handbag.
A.That; that B.It; that C.That; which D.It; which
10.(2012·重庆·高考真题)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ________Zheng sailed to East Africa
A.when B.that C.after D.since
11.(2017·全国·高考真题)When_______, the museum will be open to the public next month.
A.to complete B.completes
C.completing D.completed
12.(2012·江西·高考真题)Never before ____________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
A.had she B.she had
C.has she D.she has
13.(2013·浙江·高考真题)There are some health problems that, when ____in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A.not treated B.not being treated
C.not to be treated D.not having been treated
14.(2011·全国·高考真题)Only when he reached the tea-house _________ it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A.he realized B.he did realize
C.realized he D.did he realize
15.(2014·福建·高考真题)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________, reaching 30℃ in summer.
A.if not B.if ever C.if any D.if so
16.(2018·天津·高考真题)What was it ______ brought you two together Was it your love of music
A.as B.who C.that D.which
17.(2010·重庆·高考真题)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _____, one of the ten largest cities in China.
A.Chongqing lies B.lies Chongqing
C.does lie Chongqing D.does Chongqing lie
18.(2012·辽宁·高考真题)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ________ having a holiday abroad.
A.had he considered B.he had considered
C.he considered D.did he consider
19.(2019·天津·高考真题)The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A.should they B.they should
C.dare they D.they dare
20.(2013·福建·高考真题)Not until he went through real hardship _____the love we have for our families is important.
A.had he realized B.did he realize C.he realized D.he had realized
21.(2021·山东·高考真题)—John, I'll have a job interview tomorrow. I' m so nervous.
—________. You are always the best.
A.Good idea B.Take it easy C.This way, please D.With pleasure
22.(2021·山东·高考真题)—________
—I have a headache.
A.What's wrong with you B.What do you like best
C.What do you do D.How do you do
23.(2011·安徽·高考真题)—We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________ Why didn’t you call us earlier
A.Good luck! B.You did
C.It’s no surprise. D.You are welcome
参考答案
※基础练
1.C
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:我们知道,如果不小心处理,情况会变得更糟。此处是状语从句的省略,分析句子可知,if引导的条件状语从句主语是the situation,和动词短语deal with之间是被动关系,故完整形式为if it is not carefully dealt with,状语从句主语和后面句子主语一致且从句含有be动词,可将状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略,故选C项。
2.A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意:直到警察给她看了证据,她才承认她偷了钱。分析句子可知,该句为only位于句首时,后面接状语或状语从句,主句需要部分倒装。其中,在状语从句中无需倒装。主句部分倒装中,把助动词did置于主语之前,谓语动词admit放主语之后。故选A项。
3.B
【解析】考查定语从句及强调句。句意:可能是在你昨天和伴侣共进晚餐的餐厅里,你丢失了手包吗?根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词restaurant,并在从句中作地点状语,第一空用where引导;第二空考查强调句,句子结构是it be+被强调部分+who/that,被强调部分是in the restaurant ______ you had dinner with your partner yesterday,引导词应用that。故选B。
4.A
【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意:多年来,我一直在试图找出是什么阻止了这么多美国人像人们所期望的那样快乐。分析句子可知,此句为figure out后接宾语从句,从句中动词prevents缺主语,故用连接代词what引导。因宾语从句中包含一个强调句的疑问句型:特殊疑问词+is/was it that+其它,又因宾语从句用陈述语序,故is/was应置于it之后,综上,故选A。
5.B
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:父亲建议我在会上被问到之前不要说话。分析句子可知,句子为“until”引导的时间状语从句,从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语中含有“be”,此时可以省略从句主语和“be”,省略之前为“until I was asked at the meeting”,句子主语“I”和“ask”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故空格处应用“ask”的过去分词“asked”。故选B项。
6.B
【解析】考查时态及倒装。句意:我刚走出屋子,天就开始下雨了。hardly ...when...刚……就……,表示一件事紧接着一件事发生。when引导时间状语从句时,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。hardly置于句首时,助动词had要放在主句的主语前。故选B。
7.B
【解析】考查固定句型和时态。句意:刚做完核酸检测,我就想吐。我多么希望我们能回到没有新冠病毒的日子。表示“一……就……”句型为no sooner…than…,且no sooner位于句首时,主句应用部分倒装,此处用过去完成时,应将had提前。故选B。
8.A
【解析】考查倒装句和一般过去时。句意:不仅同学们很享受三周前的配音达人秀,老师们也对选手们的精彩表现赞不绝口。根据时间状语three weeks ago可知,句子描述的是过去的事件,所以要用一般过去时;not only位于句首时,句子要使用半倒装结构,将助动词did置于主语之前;并列句but also后面不用倒装。综上,故选A项。
9.B
【解析】考查定语从句和强调句。句意:事故是在我们过去住的那个村庄发生的吗?根据句子结构,第一空为which引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the village,先行词在定语从句中作live in的宾语,应用关系代词which引导;分析句子,全句使用了强调句型“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子其它部分”的一般疑问句形式,本句强调的是原句中地点状语“in the village where we used to live in”,句子其它部分由that引出。故选B。
10.A
【解析】定语从句中加入插入语。句意:他又做出了一项了不起的发明,我认为这对科学非常重要。因插入语应位于引导词之后,所以D项不对,B、C两项无法构成正确结构。故选A。
11.D
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当接触到当地文化时,人们会更好地学习外语。此处是状语从句的省略,从句主语和主句主语people一致,和动词expose之间是被动关系,故完整形式为When people are exposed to the local cultures,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词省略。故选D项。
12.C
【解析】考查强调句。句意:正如我父亲所说:“重要的不是你的才华,而是你的努力。”分析句子结构可知,此处为强调句It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其它部分,被强调部分为not your talent but your efforts。故选C。
13.B
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:在中国,高中生进入学院或大学的竞争似乎很激烈。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填入there一词,构成固定句型:There seems/appears to be+主语,翻译为“看起来……,似乎……”,其中的seem和appear作为系动词使用。 故选B。
14.C
【解析】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意:我在想为了你的清白你想让我说什么。wondering后接一个宾语从句,分析句子结合句意可知,此处应用关系代词what引导从句,宾语从句需要采用陈述语序,A,B两项为倒装句,应排除,D项缺少宾语从句引导词,应排除。此处宾语从句由关系代词what引导,从句部分采用了“it is…that+强调部分”的强调句式,还原为:it is what that you want me to say.(你想让我说的是什么?)。故选C。
15.A
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:当你开车环游澳大利亚时,你会不由自主地注意到一件事,那就是这个国家广阔的空间。此处为短语can’t help but do sth.,表示“只能做某事,不得不做”。故选A。
16.C
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:医生从马背上跳了下来,好像中弹了。分析句子可知,the doctor和动词shoot之间是动宾关系,即“被打中”。后半句是as if he was shot。主句的主语和从句主语一致,且从句谓语动词是be动词,可省略从句的主语和谓语,故填shot,A项to be shot表示“将要被打中”,B项shooting表示主动关系,故选C项。
17.C
【解析】考查习惯表达。句意:由于每个成员都各司其职,互相配合得非常好,这个团队终于做出了正确的决定。A. having a frog in their throat说话困难,声音嘶哑;B. letting off steam花掉多余精力;C. pulling their weight发挥他们的作用;D. throwing the baby out with the bathwater不分好坏地全盘抛弃。根据后文“and cooperating extremely well with each other”指发挥各自的作用,故选C。
18.D
【解析】考查交际表达。句意:——你明白这个句子的意思吗?——对不起,我不明白。你能再解释一遍吗?A. I don’t agree我不同意;B. I don’t know我不知道;C. I’m not in the mood for it我没心情;D. I didn’t get it我不明白。根据后文“Would you please explain it again ”可知是不明白。故选D。
19.B
【解析】考查习语。句意:为了解决数据和理论之间的冲突,科学家往往必须跳出固有思维模式,从不同的角度处理问题。A. bark up the wrong tree认错目标;错怪了人;花错精力;B. think outside the box想出别出心裁的点子;C. break new ground开垦处女地,开辟新天地;D. shun the spotlight避开聚光灯。根据“and approach the problem from different angles.”可知,科学家必须跳出固有思维模式,从不同的角度处理问题。故选B。
20.A
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——你明白这个句子的意思吗 ——抱歉,我没听懂。请你再解释一遍好吗 A. I didn’t get it我没听懂;B. I don’t know我不知道;C. I’m not in the mood for it我没心情;D. I don’t agree with我不同意。根据“Would you please explain it again ”可知,没有听懂句子的意思。故选A。
◎提升练
21.are
【解析】考查时态和there be句型。句意:乔迁派对上通常没有计划好的活动,比如游戏。分析句子可知,句子为there be句型,句子陈述的是客观事实,为一般现在时,“there”放在句首,句子用完全倒装,主语为“activities”,为可数名词复数,故“be”应转换为“are”。故填are。
22.absorbed
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:专心工作时,他会废寝忘食。在when引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整为when he was deeply absorbed in work,故填absorbed。
23.waiting
【解析】考查状语从句省略句。句意:句意:在火车站里看书太吵了。等火车时,我通常会逛逛商店。此处是时间状语从句的省略,从句主语是I与从句谓语wait for是主动关系,正在进行,从句谓语用be doing形式,从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词,常省略从句的主语和be动词,wait用现在分词形式。故填waiting。
24.had
【解析】考查固定句型,时态和部分倒装。句意:她刚开始讲话,大厅里就传来一声喊叫。“hardly...when...”是固定句型,意为“刚一……就……”,前半部分用过去完成时,即had done,when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,Hardly是否定副词,位于句首,引起句子部分倒装,也就是把助动词had提前到主语前面,因此空格处是had,故填had。
25.did
【解析】考查倒装和时态。句意:直到最近,他们才鼓励在乡村发展与旅游 相关的活动。not until位于句首时,句子需部分倒装,分析结构可知,设空处缺少倒装所用的助动词,由句意可知,时态为一般过去时。故填did。
26.devote
【解析】考查强调结构。句意:如果你有一份工作,一定要全身心投入并且最终你会成功的。分析句子结构,逗号后是省略主语you的祈使句,do强调谓语动词,后接动词原形形式。故填devote。
27.determines
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活——是我们对所发生的事情的理解。分析句子可知,本句是一个强调句型,强调主语what happens to us,空格处是句子的谓语,时态用一般现在时,且用单数形式。故填determines。
28.that
【解析】考查强调句。句意:他们总是在下午喝咖啡。分析句子可知,此处考查强调句结构“It is…that…”,此处强调宾语coffee,将整个结构去掉,剩余部分为“they always drink coffee in the afternoon”,仍然是个完整的句子,不缺任何成分,符合强调句的判断规则,因此空处应填that。故填that。
29.that
【解析】考查强调句。句意:因为我知道你喜欢中国的文化,所以我想邀请你去欣赏它。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其它部分,被强调部分为 because I know you like the culture of China 。故填that。
30.had
【解析】考查固定句型,倒装和时态。句意:我们刚一动身,汽车就抛锚了。hardly...when...是固定句型,意为“刚一……就……”,前半部分用过去完成时,即had done,when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,且hardly是否定副词,位于句首,引起句子部分倒装,即把had提前到主语前面,因此空格处用had,故填had。
31.reflected
【解析】考查过去分词。句意:我听到过关于他的各种各样的故事,但奇怪的是,这些故事在书中根本没有体现出来。分析句子可知,题干缺少谓语,故事和反映是被动关系,使用被动语态,结构为be done,题干中in no sense位于句首,后面句子用部分倒装,were提到主语they前,空格处填入过去分词即可。故填reflected。
32.did
【解析】考查时态和倒装句。句意:我们不仅看到了优美的风景,还设法把妈妈的丑行当成了一种乐趣。分析句子可知,“Not only”放在句首,后面的句子要用部分倒装,根据句意和句中“managed”可知,句子陈述的是过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,应把助动词“did”提前,故空格处应填“did”。故填did。
33.as##though
【解析】考查倒装句。句意:尽管他很成功,但他并不骄傲。根据语意可知,形容词successful位于句首,即表语提前,该句是一个部分倒装句,as或though引导让步状语从句,形容词位于句首构成部分倒装句。故填as/though。
34.come
【解析】考查倒装句,时态和主谓一致。句意:我们几乎可以在网上实现任何事情——接入互联网会带来一些真正改变生活的优势。此处为完全倒装,主语为some truly life-changing advantages,陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是复数,谓语用原形。故填come。
35.has
【解析】考查倒装句。句意:中国的饮食已经发生了变化,其顶级作物也发生了变化。分析句子可知,此处为so+助动词、情态动词+主语,表示“……也”,为倒装用法。故填has。
¤真题练
1.B
【解析】考查强调句。句意:只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句,强调句型结构为:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故选B。
点睛:本题考查强调句,要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。分析句子时首先要看清楚结构,It is / was…开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点:拿掉It was/is…that…后不影响整个句子的完整性,则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。
2.A
【解析】考查倒装结构用法。句意:只有当你在你心中找到宁静的时候,你才会与其他人保持好的关系。only修饰句子的状语(从句)位于句首时,句子的主句要用部分倒装。结构为:only+状语/状语从 句+ be/ 助动词/情态动词+主语。根据从句的can可以排除D项。故A正确。
3.D
【解析】考查省略句。句意:孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。 本题考查状语从句省略,原句为Children, when they are accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 省略了 they are。故选D项。
4.D
【解析】试题分析:考查部分倒装。句意:护士们不仅要求涨工资,而且要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but also被省略,not only引导的句子置于句首时,需部分倒装。把助动词do放在主语the nurses的前面,故选D。
【知识拓展】
not only.., but also...连接并列分句且置于句首时前倒后不倒,但连接并列主语时不倒装。
Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn't done a very good repair job either.
修车厂不仅对我超额收费,而且维修工作还很差。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅帮助人们寻找工作。而且也将提供医疗给那些需要的人。
考点:考查倒装句。
5.D
【解析】 考查倒装。句意:迈克尔从未想到有一天他会成为班上的尖子生。否定词(短语)放于句首,句子要部分倒装,此处即将助动词did放于主语it之前。故选D。
6.A
【解析】考查强调句型。 句意:快到信的末尾时她才提到自己的计划。分析句子可推断出此处考查not until的强调句,形式是“it is/was not until..that…”, 故选A。
7.C
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:任何人一旦被检验出H7N9流感病毒呈阳性,都将免费接受来自政府的医学治疗。本句为状语从句的省略,还原后为:once anyone is tested, 省略了主语和is。故选C。
8.A
【解析】考查省略。句意:如果被要求给别人照看行李,立刻通知警方。根据句意可知,if引导的条件状语从句意为“如果你被要求给别人照看行李”,是if you are asked to look after luggage for someone else,当if引导的从句主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,从句主语和be动词可以省略,因此空格处是asked,故选A。
9.B
【解析】考查强调句型。句意:在中秋节这天,林梅送给她妈妈一个新的手提包。分析句子成分可知,此处考查强调句型“it is /was +被强调的部分+that+其余部分”,本句中强调的是时间状语“ on the Mid-Autumn Day”,所以第一空应填It,第二个空应填that。故选B。
10.B
【解析】考查强调句。句意:郑和到达东非的时间比哥伦布横渡大西洋早了80年。分析可知,句子去掉It was和that,句意仍然完整,所以句子为强调句,其结构为It is/was…that/who…,被强调部分为时间状语80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic。故选B项。
11.D
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:博物馆建成后将于下月对公众开放。分析句子可知,本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句,当从句主语和主句主语相同,且含有be动词时,从句主语连同be动词可以一起被省略,这里省略了主语the museum和be动词is,原句为:When the museum is completed。故选D。
12.C
【解析】考查倒装。句意:在那以前,她从来没有看到一个人可能和Robert一样打乒乓球打得那么好。否定词never放在句首,主句要部分倒装,B、D排除,又因为是过去的情况对现在造成的影响,所以为现在完成时,是第三人称所以用has,所以用现在完成时,排除A,故选C。
13.A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:有些健康问题,如果不及时处理,以后会变得更严重。when not treated in time为插入语,在本句中为时间状语从句,把that can become bigger ones later on这个定语从句给隔开了。when引导时间状语从句时,可以出现省略的现象,但必须满足两个条件:首先,时间状语从句中的主语必须和主句主语一致;其次,从句中含有be动词。本句补充完整的状语从句为:when they are not treated in time,其他选项形式不对。故答案为A项。
14.D
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:当他走到茶馆时,才意识到这正是他去年去过的地方。only位于句首,修饰状语从句时,主句应用部分倒装,即是把助动词/情态动词/be动词置于主语前。故选D。
Only引导的状语从句位于句首,应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。
15.B
【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意:这里的气候非常好,夏天的温度很少达到30度。if not 要不;if ever如果曾经有,很少;if any如果真有的话;if so假如这样的话。这里意思是“夏天的温度很少达到30度”。故选B。
16.C
【解析】考查强调句式。句意:是什么让你们走到一起的 是因为你对音乐的热爱吗 。分析句子可知,本句为强调句式It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。特殊疑问句的强调句型:疑问代词或疑问副词+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分。故选C项。
17.B
【解析】考查完全倒装句。句意:位于长江、嘉陵江交汇处的重庆是中国十大城市之一。英语中把地点副词放在句首,如果谓语动词是不及物动词时,要用全部倒装,即状语+不及物动词+主语。分析选项可知,只有B项是完全倒装。所以选B。
18.D
【解析】考查not until倒装句的用法。句意:直到三年前他教学退休后他才考虑出国度假。not until引起的时间状语置于句首时,主句应该部分倒装,从句的语序不变。在本题中,时态是一般过去时,he retired …ago 是从句不用倒装,主句的正常语序是he considered having a holiday abroad,改成倒装则是did he consider having a holiday abroad,故选D。
【点睛】
当Not until 位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表示时间的词+助动词+主语+谓语。如:Not until the teacher in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止说话。
19.A
【解析】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,排除B、D项;这里表示应该,故选A。
20.B
【解析】考查部分倒装句和时态。句意:直到他经历了真正的困难,他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是很重要的。not until这样的否定词放在句首的时候,后面的主句是部分倒装,就是将be动词,助动词或情态动词放在主语前面,而且这句话的从句是过去时,主句的动作发生在从句的动作前面,不可能是过去完成时,用一般过去时。选B。
21.B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——约翰,我明天要去面试,我太紧张了。——放松点,你总是最棒的。A.Good idea好主意;B.Take it easy放松点;C.This way, please请走这边;D.With pleasure乐意效劳。根据语境,说话者提到自己要去面试,听话人对其表示安慰,所以告诉他不要紧张,放松点。选项B符合题意,故选B。
22.A
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——你怎么啦?——我头疼。A. What's wrong with you你怎么啦;B. What do you like best你最喜欢什么;C. What do you do你是做什么的;D. How do you do你好。根据“I have a headache.”可知,询问对方怎么啦。故选A。
23.B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——我们星期二下午到的。——真的假的?你为什么不早点给我们打电话?A.Good luck!祝你好运! B.You did 真的假的?C.It’s no surprise.这没什么奇怪的;D.You are welcome不客气。根据“Why didn’t you call us earlier ”可知,此处表示对前者的话很惊讶。故选B。