备战2023年高考英语考点微专题（全国通用）考向19 阅读理解之七选五（含解析）

考向19 阅读理解之七选五
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真题典例
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Passage1
（2022年新高考I卷）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility (或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性 )”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗 )”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
Passage2
（2022年新高考II卷）Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
Passage3
（2022年全国甲卷）Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___37___.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___39___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【36题详解】
根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
Passage4
（2022年全国乙卷）Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___40___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【36题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【37题详解】
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊。）对E项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【38题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【40题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。
Passage5
（2022年1月浙江卷）I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____11____
Pick the most important.
____12____ Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. ____13____ Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and activities you love.
____14____
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. ____15____ Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
【11题详解】
上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
【12题详解】
根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most important”一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选D。
【13题详解】
上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
【14题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【15题详解】
下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。
(
经典变式练
（基础练、提升练、真题练）
)
※基础练
Passage1
It’s tough to feel as though you’re being taken for granted. After all, helping a friend move or making a special dinner for your loved ones takes much time and energy.
And when people don’t notice, you might feel as though you’re unappreciated.___1___Fortunately, these strategies can help you feel better.
Look for appreciation through actions. If someone doesn’t say, “Thank you,” that doesn’t mean they don’t appreciate you. Not everyone uses words to express their gratitude.___2___That hug your partner gives you might be their way of saying thanks. Similarly, when your friend insists on paying for your coffee, they may be communicating their appreciation to you.
Focus on what you’re gaining outside of appreciation.___3___ Your boss might think your token (表示) of appreciation is your paycheck. While it’s still nice to receive some praise, reminding yourself that you get paid every week might help you feel a little more appreciated.
Show appreciation toward others. Saying thank you to those around you can inspire others to appreciate you too. You might show your appreciation with a verbal thank you, or you might send them a note reminding them how much you appreciate them.___4___
___5___Sometimes, it’s helpful to share your feelings by saying something like,“ Sometimes, I feel like my work goes unnoticed. I really enjoy it when my work is appreciated.” Don’t be afraid to speak out what you want. You might discover others are happy to show more appreciation when they understand how important it is to you.
A．Speak up.
B．Say no sometimes maybe helpful.
C．Thank your friends and family for all they do for you.
D．Whatever way you choose, make it genuine and heartfelt.
E．So you may want to look at someone’s actions to see if they show appreciation.
F．If you’ re not careful, feeling unappreciated can cause feelings of hatred and anger.
G．Praise and recognition aren’t the only benefits you’ll gain from doing good work or kind deeds.
Passage2
We all know the hard work that filmmakers and actors put in to provide us with entertainment. ___6___.
For decades now, film studios have used so-called test screenings to get feedback from members of the public before a movie comes out. Test audience members are usually asked to fill in a questionnaire after a screening, telling the film studio what they liked and didn’t like.___7___, that’s, to measure test audiences’ reactions by using special cameras placed inside cinemas.
Pairing the cameras with custom software, the company can track what each audience member is feeling at any point in the movie, from anger to joy.___8___. The cameras can see in the dark, and the software can figure out a person’s mood based on the slightest of facial expressions. It’s hoped that this new method will allow more detailed feedback from test audiences, because it can accurately read their reactions in real-time.
Test screenings are highly valued in the movie industry.___9___.Viewers of E.T., the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), would have left the cinema feeling a lot different if it weren’t for its test audience’s feedback. “In one cut of the film that was tested, E. T. died instead of going home in his spaceship. You won’t be surprised to hear that the test audience in question didn’t warm to this ending at all.” wrote media website Den of Geek.
___10___, the cameras won’t be installed in public cinemas. After all,unless you’re part of a test audience, being in front of the cameras is best left to the movie stars.
A．In reality, not all of the people are content with the test screenings
B．This works by mapping 68 different points on each audience member’s face
C．And several well-known movies have been greatly changed following feedback
D．The special cameras in public cinemas easily go wrong and often fail to work
E．But for those who are concerned about privacy
F．But it seems that even moviegoers like us have a big impact on how a movie turns out too
G．However, media giant Disney has come up with a more high-tech solution
Passage3
Here we’ve got three tips to help you start an exercise habit that can stick. It’s a lot easier than you think.
____11____
You don’t have to be a marathoner to get meaningful health benefits from exercise. Experts say even daily activities, which include mopping the floor, organizing a room or carrying groceries up the stairs can reduce the risk of diseases like diabetes, heart disease and even some cancers.
So remind yourself that it’s not a choice between hours-long workout or nothing at all. Instead, think of starting an exercise routine like standing up from your chair and sitting back down repeatedly. ____12____
Focus on how exercise makes you feel great
There are so many positives that happen when you move. It improves all the tasks that demand focus and creativity. It helps you generate energy. It boosts mood. ____13____. When you feel better, you will bring more enthusiasm and energy to your work and the people working around you.
Forget long- term benefits like weight loss or better overall health. ____14____. Actually, they’re not super motivational in real-time and can be disheartening when you don’t see results quickly.
Figure out what kind of exercise and workout location makes you feel good
If weightlifting in a crowded gym gives you anxiety, try to get a set of weights for home or follow workout videos on YouTube or ride a bike in the park. ____15____.
A．Start small and every movement counts
B．They often take much longer time to achieve
C．Focus on immediate payoffs like improved mood and energy
D．In short, any movement helps to clear fat and sugar out of blood
E．Remember, when you have more energy, you’re a happier person
F．Keep trying until you find a workout routine that makes you happy
G．No matter how modest those goals are, they create this feeling like I can do more
Passage4
Urbanization refers to the migration of the population from rural regions to cities.____16____Therefore, migration isn’t a new phenomenon. And as the cities harvest most of the benefits of science and technology urbanization continues to take place. As a result, the cities and its suburbs extend to the rural as along their boundaries ____17____
Urban expansion is linked to a number of factors. Lower housing costs in the suburb have attracted many to settle in these areas. There has been an increasing investment of infrastructure like transport and electricity in the suburbs.____18____ The increase in family income of an average person has raised his standard of living. Driving private cars from the suburb to the city is affordable for many people.
On the other hand, expansion is featured by smaller populations, less traffic jams and noise pollution.____19____ People are willing to live in expansion where they find life quieter and more peaceful than in cities.
____20____ Some view expansion as a venue where, public money, is being spent on excessive (过度的) infrastructure outside the urban areas. People living in urban expansion go to cities in their cars. This has resulted in heavier traffic on the toads, leading to traffic jams, an increase in the levels of air pollution and car accidents.
A．This brings convenience to life.
B．This spread is named as urban expansion.
C．Expansion has been criticized for some problems.
D．Therefore, these areas have increased in number quickly.
E．Overall, urban expansion is a phenomenon that can be avoided.
F．Despite anti-expansion views, urban expansion has its own benefits.
G．Man has always moved to newer places for better opportunities and pay.
Passage5
I Spent a Year in Space, and I Have Tips on Isolation (隔离) to Share
Being stuck at home can be challenging. When I lived on the International Space Station for nearly a year, it wasn’t easy. But I learned some things that I’d like to share, as we all block ourselves at home to help stop the spread of the coronavirus. ___21___, from someone who has been there.
Follow a schedule
On the space station, my time was scheduled tightly, ___22___. You will find carrying out a plan will help you and your family adjust to a different work and home life environment. When I returned to Earth, I even missed the daily life structure it had provided and found it hard to live without.
___23___
When you stay in a small space, you may need a way out of current environment. Some people are surprised to learn I brought books with me to space. The quiet and concentration you can find in a physical book — one that doesn’t remind you of checking mails — is priceless.
You can also practice a musical instrument, try a craft, or make some art. ___24___.
Go outside
One of the things I missed most while living in space was being able to go outside and experience nature. After being confined to a small space for months, I actually started to crave nature — the color green, the smell of fresh dirt, and the feel of warm sun on my face.
For an astronaut, going outside is a dangerous undertaking that requires days of preparation. I therefore appreciate that in our current status (状态), ___25___ — no spacesuit needed.
We are all connected
Seen from space, the Earth has no borders. The spread of the coronavirus is showing us that what we share is much more powerful than what keeps us apart, for better or for worse.
A．You need a hobby
B．You need a physical book
C．Here are a few tips on living in isolation
D．Astronauts take time for all of these while in space
E．from the moment I woke up to when I went to sleep
F．I can step outside any time I want for a walk or a hike
G．You don’t need to work out two and a half hours a day
◎提升练
Passage6
Ideas to Make Your School a Green Campus
Universities are doing everything they can to become a green campus. But there are also items students can do to make your campus more eco-friendly.
Recycle everything, especially paper!
There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester. ____26____ We know that these things can’t be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus.
Buy green.
____27____ Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be purchased (购买) as recycled goods. They’re slightly more expensive than the normal products, but it’s worth it to make a green campus.
Buy used clothing.
It is usually thought of as something to do to save money. ____28____ Recycling clothes minimize the use of resources to make clothing and puts a dent in the problem of worldwide sweatshops
____29____
A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drank in class or while riding a bike. This will save the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus
Walk and bike to school.
Most campuses, especially those that are trying to become a more eco-friendly campus, have pretty good public transportation system. ____30____ Walking or biking will help make your campus a green university.
A．Carry a water bottle.
B．It is also good for the environment!
C．Buy recycled goods as much as possible.
D．Paper made of this kind wood is much stronger.
E．On top of that, almost all universities are pedestrian friendly.
F．It includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on.
G．Universities call on all the students to learn to recycle all the waste paper.
Passage7
Ecards are becoming a popular way to send greetings to others, on major holidays, birthdays, and just whenever the mood strikes. A trend occurring in the 2000s was to send cards through email that featured animation on the card and also had music. ____31____ But now there’s much more range to choose from.
Early musical ecards tended to feature songs that usually weren’t that recognizable. ____32____ People can find sites that offer cards featuring popular modern songs or they may pick from styles like county and western, rhythm and blues, rock, and many others.
There are some very special musical ecards that feature different kinds of music that isn’t particularly well-known. ____33____ Alternately, people choosing cards could send other tunes from across the world that are inspired by regional music traditions.
Some musical ecards do cost a small amount of money to send. ____34____ For instance, a few companies offer orchestral music from famous orchestras and donate money of card sales to charities benefiting local music programs for kids. Other sites simply profit from selling ecards, and there are many sites that offer free musical ecards.
____35____ Since the early 2000s, ecards have occasionally been used to collect personal information or spread viruses. People receiving an ecard should type in the company website instead of clicking on links, which might take the user to a fake website instead. Besides, make certain not to give out personal information like address or phone number when receiving a card.
A．You don’t have to spend a fortune to send an ecard.
B．There are some cautions regarding using ecard sites.
C．Today’s choices of accompanying music are varied.
D．Ecards have become very popular over the past few years.
E．Such music included things like traditional birthday songs.
F．For example, a musical ecard could have samples of Native American music.
G．Depending upon the company creating the card, the money might be donated.
Passage8
Whether you’re an introvert or extrovert, quiet or loud.one of the keys to success in every area of your life is learning how to be more confident. Here are some things that can help you become more self-confident!
Train your brain. ___36___ Instead of immediately assuming you can’t accomplish something, believe you have what it takes to figure it out. Like Marie Forleo always says, “Everything is figureoutable.”
Watch your words. Whether you realize it or not, the words you speak shape your beliefs about yourself and what others believe about you. ___37___ The act of gossiping and putting others down always comes from a place of insecurity, so if you catch yourself wanting to say something sarcastic, redirect those thoughts to something better.
___38___ In her research, social psychologist Amy Cuddy found that confident people have higher levels of testosterone and that people’s levels of testosterone can rise simply by exhibiting a “high power pose.” we’ve all heard the phrase “Fake it till you make it,” but Amy took this a step further and said, “Fake it till you become it.”
Be secure. Being secure in who you are means that, although you might make a mistake or fail, you know you’re not a failure.___39___
Get experience. Nothing builds self-confidence like experience. After you’ve done: the thing once you’ve led the company meeting, published your first blog, or coached your first client-your confidence in your ability to do it again will soar. ___40___
A．Stay positive.
B．Change your body language.
C．That also goes for what we speak about others.
D．Just do it, and watch your confidence Lake off.
E．You have the power to be more confident within yourself.
F．You can learn how to be more confident in your mind.
G．It means someone might disagree with you, but it doesn’t shake you up.
Passage9
The hardest thing to do is keep trying hard to achieve our goal when we see no signs of change. This is because our brains like observable evidence that our efforts are getting us closer to what we want and who we want to become. ___41___ So how do we keep motivated and continue fighting when it seems to make no progress
Keep a detailed daily record. Write down any and all observable changes, even if you feel like they are not worthy to be written down. Those kinds of changes usually do not continue in our memories, so we may not be able to notice all the changes that are actually happening. ___42___
Don’t compare with anyone else. Celebrate what is happening in your journey rather than looking at someone else’s path and thinking about what happened to them. ___43___ You don’t need to come in “first place”.
Question your expectations. Remember to often ask yourself: ___44___ Unrealistic expectations increase frustration and disappointment and can be difficult for you to recover from when unmet.
___45___ If you stare at the minute hand of a clock, the passing of an hour will seem like a lifetime. When you are working on a goal, it is important to diversify（使多样化）how you spend your time. Doing so will reduce your disappointment if your goal is not happening fast enough.
A．Have a life outside of your goal.
B．Remember that life is not a race.
C．However, things don’t always go smoothly.
D．What do I expect to achieve by setting this goal
E．Undoubtedly, our efforts will pay off sooner or later.
F．Are my expectations for how and when I meet my goal realistic
G．Small changes, when gathered, eventually lead to the big change that we long for.
Passage10
In the traditional religions of Africa, life doesn’t end with death. ____46____ Some African groups believe these spirits dwell (栖居) underground in a world much like that of the living—but upside down. Other groups believe the sky is the permanent resting place of the dead. For instance, the Bushmen of southern Africa believe that the spirits of the dead go up to the sky and become stars.
Among the spirits, the ancestors comprise a special category of their own. ____47____ To become an ancestor is the best that one can hope for after death. However, not everyone who dies will turn into an ancestor. For one to become an ancestor, there are conditions to be fulfilled while the person is alive—living an upright life and fulfilling all social and religious duties, for example.
Many African groups believe that the spirits of ancestors remain near their living descendants as guardians of the family and their traditions. ____48____ But they punish people if certain ceremonies have not been performed properly or if there are some violations of community laws.
____49____ For example, the people of Buganda in present-day Uganda say that their first ancestor was Kintu, who came from the land of the gods and married Nambe, daughter of the king of heaven. Another example is the Dinkas of Sudan, who believe they are descended from Garang and Abuk, the first man and woman created by God as tiny clay figures in a pot. ____50____
A．As ancestors, they have some extra powers.
B．After death, humans continue to live on as spirits.
C．Ancestors have an indispensable significance for some Africans.
D．Some of the dead will become spiritual ancestors living in their descendants’ hearts.
E．Ancestor worship also plays a very significant role in the mythologies of some African peoples.
F．They help in times of trouble as long as their descendants perform proper rituals and pay them due respect.
G．For these Africans, the honored dead have become not only objects of worship but also subjects of tales and legends.
¤真题练
Passage1
（2021年新高考I卷）My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
Passage2
（2021年新高考II卷）If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder.
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
Passage3
（2021年全国甲卷）Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
Passage4
（2021年全国乙卷）According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living ”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___ If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）. ___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
Passage5
（2021年北京卷）Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people． ____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes．
____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels， through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit．
____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable．
A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
参考答案
※基础练
1．F2．E3．G4．D5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在我们帮助了别人而得不到别人的感谢时我们该如何应对。
1．根据上文“And when people don’t notice, you might feel as though you’re unappreciated.(当人们没有注意到的时候，你可能会觉得自己不被感激)”以及后文“Fortunately, these strategies can help you feel better.(幸运的是，这些策略可以帮助你感觉更好)”可知，本句是在说明感觉不被感激所带来的负面情绪。故F选项“如果你不小心，感觉不被感激会导致仇恨和愤怒的情绪”符合语境，故选F。
2．根据上文“If someone doesn’t say, “Thank you,” that doesn’t mean they don’t appreciate you. Not everyone uses words to express their gratitude.(如果有人不说“谢谢”，那并不意味着他们不感激你。不是每个人都用语言来表达他们的感激之情)”可知，上文提到别人没有说“谢谢”并不意味着他们不感激你，不是每个人都用语言来表达他们的感激之情。可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出你也许想要通过观察别人的行为来确定他们是否已经表达了感谢。故E选项“所以你可能想看看某人的行为，看看他们是否表达了感激”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据上文“Focus on what you’re gaining outside of appreciation.(专注于你从感激之外获得的东西)”以及后文“Your boss might think your token (表示) of appreciation is your paycheck. While it’s still nice to receive some praise, reminding yourself that you get paid every week might help you feel a little more appreciated.(你的老板可能会认为你的薪水是感谢的象征。虽然得到一些表扬也很好，但提醒自己每周都有薪水可能会让你感觉更受赏识)”可知，本段建议关注你期望得到他人感谢之外所获得的东西，即表扬和认可并不是你工作表现好和做了好事的唯一好处。故G选项“表扬和认可并不是你做好事得到的唯一好处”符合语境，故选G。
4．根据上文“Show appreciation toward others. Saying thank you to those around you can inspire others to appreciate you too. You might show your appreciation with a verbal thank you, or you might send them a note reminding them how much you appreciate them.(对他人表示感激。对身边的人说声谢谢也能激励别人欣赏你。你可以用一句口头的感谢来表达你的感激，或者你可以给他们寄一张便条，提醒他们你是多么感激他们)”可知，上文提到你可以口头表达感谢，也可以用书面的形式表达感谢，因此此处是说，无论你选择哪种方式，都要真诚。故D选项“无论你选择哪种方式，都要真诚、发自内心”符合语境，故选D。
5．根据后文“Sometimes, it’s helpful to share your feelings by saying something like,“ Sometimes, I feel like my work goes unnoticed. I really enjoy it when my work is appreciated.” Don’t be afraid to speak out what you want. You might discover others are happy to show more appreciation when they understand how important it is to you.(有时候，你可以这样说：“有时候，我觉得我的工作没人注意。当我的作品被欣赏时，我真的很享受。”不要害怕说出你想要的。你可能会发现，当别人明白这对你有多重要时，他们会乐于表现出更多的赞赏)”可知，本段的主旨是不要害怕说出你想要的，即勇敢说出自己的想法，故A选项“说出来”符合语境，故选A。
6．F7．G8．B9．C10．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。试映反馈对电影有着很大的影响，文章介绍了一种新的更高科技的测试方法——通过将摄像机与定制软件配对，跟踪每位观众在电影中的任何时刻的感受。
6．根据后文“For decades now, film studios have used so-called test screenings to get feedback from members of the public before a movie comes out. Test audience members are usually asked to fill in a questionnaire after a screening, telling the film studio what they liked and didn’t like.”(几十年来，电影制片厂一直使用所谓的测试放映，在电影上映前从公众那里获得反馈。测试观众通常被要求在放映后填写一份问卷，告诉电影制片厂他们喜欢什么和不喜欢什么。)可知，此处是指电影观看者对电影有着很大影响，所以选项F“但似乎连像我们这样的影迷也对一部电影的结局有很大的影响”切合文意。故选F。
7．根据前文“Test audience members are usually asked to fill in a questionnaire after a screening, telling the film studio what they liked and didn’t like”(测试观众通常被要求在放映后填写一份问卷，告诉电影制片厂他们喜欢什么和不喜欢什么)和后文“that’s, to measure test audiences’ reactions by using special cameras placed inside cinemas”(也就是说，通过放在电影院内的特殊摄像机来测量和测试观众的反应)可知，此处是指有一种更高科技的方法。所以选项G“然而，媒体巨头迪士尼提出了一个更高科技的解决方案”切合文意。故选G。
8．根据后文“The cameras can see in the dark, and the software can figure out a person’s mood based on the slightest of facial expressions.”(摄像头可以在黑暗中看到，软件可以根据最轻微的面部表情来判断一个人的情绪。)可知，此处是指软件可以通过面部表情来判断人的情绪，所以选项B“这是通过映射每个观众脸上的68个不同的点来实现的”切合文意。故选B。
9．根据前文“Test screenings are highly valued in the movie industry.”(试映在电影业中很受重视。)和后文“Viewers of E.T., the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), would have left the cinema feeling a lot different if it weren’t for its test audience’s feedback.”(如果没有测试观众的反馈，《外星人》（1982）的观众们会觉得电影院有很大的不同。)可知，此处是指试映反馈对电影的影响很大，甚至是改变了著名电影的情节，所以选项C“几部著名的电影在收到反馈后发生了巨大的变化”切合文意。故选C。
10．根据后文“After all,unless you’re part of a test audience, being in front of the cameras is best left to the movie stars.”(毕竟，除非你是测试观众中的一员，否则站在摄像机前最好还是留给电影明星。)可知，此处是指为保护普通观众的隐私，这些摄像机不会安装在公共影院，所以选项E“但对于那些关心隐私的人来说”切合文意。故选E。
11．A12．D13．E14．B15．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个能帮助读者轻松坚持锻炼的好主意。
11．根据后文“You don’t have to be a marathoner to get meaningful health benefits from exercise. Experts say even daily activities, which include mopping the floor, organizing a room or carrying groceries up the stairs can reduce the risk of diseases like diabetes, heart disease and even some cancers.(你不必成为一名马拉松运动员才能从锻炼中获得有意义的健康益处。专家说，即使是日常活动，包括拖地、整理房间或把杂货搬上楼梯，也可以降低患糖尿病、心脏病甚至某些癌症等疾病的风险)”可知，本节主要是讲锻炼身体不需要每天坚持跑马拉松。日常家务，甚至经常从椅子上站起来走走都能达到锻炼的目的。故A选项“从小处入手，每个活动都重要”符合语境，故选A。
12．根据上文“You don’t have to be a marathoner to get meaningful health benefits from exercise.(你不必成为一名马拉松运动员才能从锻炼中获得有意义的健康益处)”以及“So remind yourself that it’s not a choice between hours-long workout or nothing at all. Instead, think of starting an exercise routine like standing up from your chair and sitting back down repeatedly.(所以提醒自己，这不是在长时间锻炼和什么都不做之间的选择。相反，可以考虑开始锻炼，比如从椅子上站起来，然后反复坐下来)”可知，本段主要说的是小活动也可以锻炼身体，本句为本段最后一句，进行总结。故D选项“总之，每一个活动都有利于清除血液中的脂肪和能量”符合语境，故选D。
13．根据上文“There are so many positives that happen when you move. It improves all the tasks that demand focus and creativity. It helps you generate energy. It boosts mood.(当你行动的时候，会有很多积极的事情发生。它可以改善所有需要专注力和创造力的任务。它能帮助你产生能量。它能提高心情)”以及后文“When you feel better, you will bring more enthusiasm and energy to your work and the people working around you.(当你感觉更好的时候，你会给你的工作和你周围的人带来更多的热情和能量)”可知，上文提到锻炼不但能提气还能提神，空后又提到这种精神气还能感染你周围的人，故本句承上启下，说明精力充沛的好处。故E选项“记住，你精力充沛时会感到更幸福”符合语境，故选E。
14．根据上文“Forget long- term benefits like weight loss or better overall health.(忘记长期的好处，如减肥或更好的整体健康)”可知，上文提到忘记长期的好处，本句说明原因：它们需要很长时间才能见效。故B选项“它们需要很长时间才能见效”符合语境，故选B。
15．根据上文“If weightlifting in a crowded gym gives you anxiety, try to get a set of weights for home or follow workout videos on YouTube or ride a bike in the park.(如果在拥挤的健身房举重让你感到焦虑，那就试着在家里买一套举重器材，或者关注YouTube上的锻炼视频，或者在公园里骑自行车)”可知，上文说明了要不断尝试各种活动，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明原因：不停地尝试直到找到能让自己满意的活动。故F选项“不停地尝试直到找到能让自己满意的活动”符合语境，故选F。
16．G17．B18．A19．D20．C
【导语】本篇是说明文，介绍了城市化扩张这个概念，以及城市化扩张背后的原因和利弊。
16．上文“Urbanization refers to the migration of the population from rural regions to cities(城市化是指人口从农村向城市的迁移)”说了城市化的概念，设空后“Therefore, migration isn’t a new phenomenon(因此，城市化并不是一个新现象)”可知，中间空缺的是涉及一个现象的城市化概念，G选项，Man has always moved to newer places for better opportunities and pay.符合文意。故选G。
17．整个第一段讲的是对城市化的定义，设空前“extend to the rural areas along their boundaries(延伸到了农村地区)，呼应B选项“This spread”，此外，第二段开头也有“ urban expansion”呼应了B选项。故选B。
18．设空前“There has been an increasing investment of infrastructure like transport and electricity in the suburbs.(郊区的交通和电力等基础设施投资不断增加)”可知住房成本低、交通和电力的基础设施费用投资不断增加，设空后“The increase in family income of an average person has raised his standard of living”说生活水平提高，有更多人买得起车了。这里都在说城市化给人们生活带来的便利，A选项，“This brings convenience to life（这带给人们生活方便）”，符合上下文文意。故选A。
19．设空前“On the other hand, expansion is featured by smaller populations, less traffic jams and noise pollution(另一方面，扩张的特点是人口少，交通堵塞少，噪音污染少)”说城市化扩张带来的好处是，人少、交通堵塞和噪音污染较少，设空后“ People are willing to live in expansion where they find life quieter and more peaceful than in cities.(人们愿意住在扩张的地方，他们发现那里的生活比城市更安静、更安宁。)”说人们更喜欢生活在城市化城市化扩张的地方，因为更安静、更安宁。这里在说人们更偏向于住在城市化扩张的区域，与选项D，“Therefore, these areas have increased in number quickly（因此，这些地方的人数显著增加）”，意思相符。故选D。
20．设空后“Some view expansion as a venue where, public money, is being spent on excessive infrastructure outside the urban areas.(一些人认为，扩张是将公共资金用于城市地区以外的过度基础设施建设)”说的是城市化扩张存在的问题，选项C，“Expansion has been criticized for some problems.（城市化扩张也因为一些问题被质疑批评）”，符合上下文文意。故选C。
21．C22．E23．A24．D25．F
【导语】本篇是应用文。作者根据自己在太空的经验，介绍了几种疫情之下隔离在家愉悦自己的建议。
21．根据大标题“I Spent a Year in Space, and I Have Tips on Isolation (隔离) to Share (我在太空待了一年，我有一些关于隔离的建议可以分享)”以及空前句“But I learned some things that I’d like to share, as we all block ourselves at home to help stop the spread of the coronavirus. (但当我们都把自己关在家里，以帮助阻止冠状病毒的传播的时候，我学到了一些我想分享的东西。)”可知，接下来要讲到“关于隔离的建议”，而且分析篇章结构可知，空处位于第一段端末，之后的篇幅都有小标题，可知空处应为引起下文的中心句。故选C项。
22．根据小标题“Follow a schedule (遵循时间表)”可知，作者这一段分享的建议是关于“遵循时间表”以及空前“On the space station, my time was scheduled tightly, (在空间站，我的时间安排得很紧，)”可知，逗号后分句要承接空前的“时间安排得很紧”介绍时间紧的程度。故选E项。
23．设空为小标题，应为下文的中心句。根据第三段最后一句“The quiet and concentration you can find in a physical book — one that doesn’t remind you of checking mails — is priceless. (你能在一本实体书中找到的安静和专注——一本不会提醒你查看邮件的书——是无价的。)”以及第四段第一句“You can also practice a musical instrument, try a craft, or make some art.(你也可以练习一种乐器，尝试一门手艺，或者创造一些艺术。 )”可知，作者在分享打发时间的一些爱好。故选A项。
24．根据第三段第一句“When you stay in a small space, you may need a way out of current environment.(当你呆在一个小空间里时，你可能需要一个摆脱当前环境的方法。)”以及空前“You can also practice a musical instrument, try a craft, or make some art. (你也可以练习一种乐器，尝试一门手艺，或者创造一些艺术。)”可知，宇航员在狭小的空间也会找到自己的爱好，且D项中的代词these指代前文提到的各种爱好。故选D项。
25．根据小标题“Go outside (去户外)”可知，作者这一段分享的建议是关于“去户外”，且根据空前“For an astronaut, going outside is a dangerous undertaking that requires days of preparation. I therefore appreciate that in our current status(状态), _______ — no spacesuit needed.(对于宇航员来说，外出是一项危险的任务，需要几天的准备时间。因此，在我们目前的状态下，_______——不需要宇航服。)”可知，作者在目前的情况下，更喜欢外出散步或者徒步这样的户外活动。故选F项。
◎提升练
26．F27．C28．B29．A30．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要就大学生如何在校园中践行“环保、绿色”的理念给出了几点建议。比如：节约纸张，尽量步行，使用水瓶以及购买旧衣服等。
26．根据空前“There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester.(大学生每学期要完成大量的论文)”告诉我们大学生每学期要完成大量论文，使用很多纸张，以及下文中的“these things”可知，此空应该列举出一些校园用到纸的地方，而F项“It includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on.(它包括课堂笔记、学期论文、学生报纸等。)”中有“class notes”，“term papers”，“student newspapers”，符合上下文语境，因此推断F项符合语境，故选F。
27．本段小标题是“Buy green(买环保产品)”以及后文“Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be purchased (购买) as recycled goods. (纸、清洁产品和水是可以作为回收品购买的产品)”可知本段建议人们购买绿色产品，故本句内容应有绿色商品相关的内容。C项中有“recycled goods”是环保产品，因此推断C项“Buy recycled goods as much as possible.(尽可能买可重复利用的商品)”符合语境，故选C。
28．根据本段小标题“Buy used clothing.(买二手衣服)”可知，本段建议买旧衣服，空前一句“It is usually thought of as something to do to save money.( 它通常被认为是为了省钱要做的事情)”说明买旧衣服可以省钱， B项“It is also good for the environment!(对环境也有好处！)”也是其中一个好处，it指代上文说的“购买旧衣服”，因此B选项符合语境。故选B。
29．本段要求选小标题。根据本段“A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drank in class or while riding a bike. This will save the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus.(水瓶可以在任何饮水机补充，可以很容易地在课堂上或骑自行车时喝。这将通过减少校园塑料垃圾的数量来拯救环境)”可知，本段说明了使用水瓶的好处，建议人们自己携带水瓶，以免产生额外的塑料瓶等垃圾，A项“Carry a water bottle.(带一个水瓶)”可作为小标题，故选A。
30．本段标题为“Walk and bike to school.(步行或者骑自行车上学)”与校园交通有关。根据空后的“Walking or biking will help make your campus a green university.(步行或骑自行车将有助于使你的校园成为一所绿色的大学)”可知，建议大学生更多步行和骑自行车。E项提到“pedestrian”，E项“On top of that, almost all universities are pedestrian friendly.(除此之外，几乎所有的大学都对步行者很友好)”符合语境，进一步说明步行的可取之处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故