本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
综合检测(四)
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
(满分：120分；时间：100分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)
It was the summer of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 1965.DeLuca,17，visited Buck，a family friend.Buck asked DeLuca about his__1__for his future.“I'm going to college，but I need a way to pay for it，”DeLuca__2__saying，“Buck said，‘You should open a sandwich shop.’”
They agreed to be par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tners. And they set a__3__：to open thirty stores in ten years.After doing some research，Buck wrote a check for D|S1,000.DeLuca__4__a storefront (店面)，and when they couldn't__5__their start up costs，Buck kicked in another D|S 1,000.
But business didn't g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o smoothly as they__6__.DeLuca was managing the store and going to__7__at the same time.Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York.They'd__8__on Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running.They__9__themselves to__10__a second store.And they did in the spring of 1966.
The partners' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) learn as you go approach turned out to be their greatest__11__.Every Friday，DeLuca would drive around and hand deliver the checks to pay their__12__.“It took me two hours and it wasn't necessary，but as a result，the suppliers got to know me well，and the personal__13__established really helped out，”DeLuca said.
And having a goal w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as also important.“There are so many__14__that can get you down.You just have to__15__ working toward your goal，”DeLuca adds.
DeLuca ended up f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ounding Subway Sandwich，the multimillion dollar restaurant chain.21教育名师原创作品
1．A.proverbs B．plans
C．projects D．positions
2．A.reminded B．repeated
C．requested D．recalled
3．A.example B．direction
C．guide D．goal
4．A.lent B．rented
C．returned D．sent
5．A.cover B．spend
C．fill D．offer
6．A.wondered B．supposed
C．expected D．explained
7．A.hospital B．church
C．college D．court
8．A.discuss B．quarrel
C．meet D．appear
9．A.enjoyed B．encouraged
C．convinced D．taught
10．A.discover B．invent
C．open D．buy
11．A.strength B．health
C．energy D．value
12．A.suppliers B．employers
C．consumers D．participators
13．A.right B．property
C．relationship D．information
14．A.problems B．anxieties
C．connections D．questions
15．A.stop B．imagine
C．keep D．risk
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2013·江门高一月考)Ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are moments in life 16.________you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug(拥抱) them for real!【版权所有：21教育】
When the door of happi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ness closes, 17.________opens, but often we look so long at the closed door 18.________we don't see the one which has been opened for us.
Don't go for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )looks; they can deceive(欺骗). Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone 19.________makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright.
Dream what y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou want to dream; go where you want to go; be 20.________you want to be.
The 21.________(hap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )py) of people don't 22.________(necessary) have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that 23.________(come) along their way. The brightest future will always be based on a 24.________(forget) past.
When you were born, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you were crying and everyone 25.________you was smiling.
Live your life so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
Scientists have foun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating: move it to a cooler spot. All you have to do is send a few comets(彗星) in the direction of Earth, and its orbit will be changed. Our world will then be sent into a safer, colder part of the solar system.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
This idea for impr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oving our climate comes from a group of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) engineers and American astronomers. They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planet—effectively doubling its working life.
The plan put forwar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d by Dr.Laughlin，and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams, needs carefully directing a comet of asteroid(小行星) so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy to Earth.
“Earth's orbita ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l speed would increase as a result and we would move to a higher orbit away from the Sun, ”Laughlin said.
Engineers would the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter or Saturn. The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets. Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth，and the process would be repeated.
In the short term, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e plan provides an ideal way to global warming，although the team was actually concerned with a much greater danger. The sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so“seriously compromise” our biosphere(生物圈)—by cooking us.
That's why the group decided to try to save Earth.
The plan has o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne or two worrying aspects, however. For a start, space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth. The smallest miscalculation(误算) in orbit could fire it straight at Earth—with deadly results.
There is also the q ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uestion of the Moon. As the scientific American magazine points out, if Earth was pushed out of its current position it is“most likely that the Moon would be stripped away from Earth，” it states. This would change our planet's climate.
26．If the plan is s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uccessful, Earth will have a working life of________years.
A．12 billion B．6 billion
C．18 billion D．24 billion
27．What makes the scientists plan to save Earth
A．A few comets are moving to the direction of Earth.
B．Earth's working life is coming to an end soon.
C．Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive.
D．The moon is moving farther and farther away from Earth.
28．What does the underlined word “compromise” in Paragraph 6 mean
A．Provide B．Benefit
C．Share D．Endanger
29．Which of the following best shows how the plan would work
30．What serious prob ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lems might the plan cause according to the passage
A．Earth might be moved too far away and man might be frozen to death.
B．The comet might hit Earth and man might lose the moon.
C．The comet might hit Jupiter or Saturn and never return to Earth
D．Earth's working life might be greatly shortened.21cnjy.com
B
Of all the planets, no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne has captured the world's imagination like Mars. Its reddish color and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.21·世纪*教育网
活页裁切线
In Cosmos, the tel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )evision science series from the 1980s, scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Well's The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.21教育网
Today, Mars continu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecrafts that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.
The Smithsonian's Ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs Day offered a chance for people of all ages to touch Mars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard about Mars and its geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites(陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight year old Sam learned that the ancient description of Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, “It's actually orangish more than red and it's also kind of brown.” Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of Mars. She said, “The closest thing to Mars—the stuff—is from volcanoes mostly.”2-1-c-n-j-y
Mars Day offered ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Allison and Alycia's children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.
31．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Why Martians were considered threatening.
B．Why Mars has captured the world's imagination.
C．What people generally thought of Mars in the past.
D．How H. G. Wells got the idea for his science fiction.
32．It is implied in Paragraph 3 that________.
A．today's space scientists still know nothing about
Mars
B．today's space scientists are very interested in
Mars
C．science fiction films are no longer set in Mars
D．space scientists haven't made any progress, in knowing Mars
33．Sam would probably agree that________.
A．Mars is not really red
B．no meteorites have come from Mars
C．Mars cannot be described as a little brown
D．the ancient description of Mars' color is true
34．What is the wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter's attitude toward the idea that humans will set foot on Mars 2·1·c·n·j·y
A．He thinks it may happen in this year.
B．He thinks it will always remain a dream.
C．He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.【出处：21教育名师】
D．He thinks it may happen in the following decades.
35．The Smithsonian' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s Mars Day might NOT offer people a chance to________.
A．learn about the surface of Mars
B．see a test version of some Viking landers
C．see meteorites known to have come from Mars
D．sit in a spacecraft to experience the life of an astronaut
C
(2013·广东高考)Som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family，and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don't come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.
However, to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ucceed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that,_in order to get really good at something，one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practising. To become great at certain things, it'll require even more time，time that most people won't put in.
This is a big reason ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.
When you see people ex ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge chance that you're wrong anyway.
Whatever you do, if yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work won't guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
36．Paragraph 1 mainly talks about________.
A．the reasons for success
B．the meaning of success
C．the standards of success
D．the importance of success
37．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word that refers to________.
A．being good at something
B．setting a practical goal
C．putting in more time
D．succeeding in life
38．Successful people suggest doing what one loves because________.
A．work makes one feel pain
B．one tends to enjoy his work
C．one gives up his work easily
D．it takes a lot of time to succeed
39．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Successful people like to show their great skills.21*cnjy*com
B．People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.
C．People need to achieve success at the cost of life.
D．It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.
40．What is the main theme of the passage
A．Having a goal is vital to success.
B．Being good is different from being great.
C．One cannot succeed without time and practice.
D．Luck, talent and family help to achieve success.21·cn·jy·com
D
I was in my th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ird year of teaching creative writing at a high school in New York，when one of my students,15 year old Mikey，gave me a note from his mother.It explained his absence from class the day before.
I had seen Mikey ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) himself writing the note at his desk.Most parental excuse notes I received were penned by my students.If I were to deal with them，I'd be busy 24 hours a day.
The forged excuse not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es made a large pile，with writing that ranged from imaginative to crazy.The writers of these notes didn't realize that honest excuse notes were usually dull：“Peter was late because the alarm clock didn't go off.”
Isn't it remarkable ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，I thought，how the students complained and said it was hard putting 200 words together on any subjects？But when they produced excuse notes，they were brilliant.
So one day I type ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d out a dozen excuse notes and gave them to my classes. I said，“They're supposed to be written by parents but actually they are not.True.Mikey？”The students looked at me nervously.
“Now，this will b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the first class to study the art of the excuse note—the first class，ever，to practice writing them.You're so lucky to have a teacher like me who has taken your best writing and turned it into a subject worthy of study.”
Everyone smiled as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I went on.“You used your imaginations. So try more now.Today I'd like you to write ‘An Excuse Note from Adam to God’ or ‘An Excuse Note from Eve to God’．”Heads went down.Pens raced across paper.For the first time ever I saw students so careful in their writing that they had to be asked to go to lunch by their friends.
The next day ever ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yone had excuse notes.Heated discussions followed.The headmaster entered the classroom and walked up and down looking at papers，and then said，“I'd like you to see me in my office.”
When I stepped int ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o his office，he came to shake my hand and said，“I just want to tell you that that lesson，that task whatever the hell you were doing，was great.Those kids were writing on the college level.Thank you.”
41．What did the author do with the students found dishonest
A．He reported them to the headmaster.
B．He lectured them hard on honesty.
C．He had them take notes before lunch.
D．He helped improve their writing skills.
42.The author found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that compared with the true excuse notes the produced ones by the students were usually________.
A．less impressive B．more imaginative
C．worse written D．less convincing
43．The autho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r had the students practice writing excuse notes so that the students could learn________.
A．the importance of being honest
B．how to write excuse notes skillfully
C．the pleasure of creative writing
D．how to be creative in writing
44．The underlined ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) word “forged” in the third paragraph means “________”．
A．former B．copied
C．false D．honest
45．What did the headmaster think of the author's way of teaching
A．Effective. B．Difficult.
C．Misleading. D．Reasonable.
Ⅳ.信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2013·广州市番禺中学高一期末)阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
首先，请阅读以下手机游戏介绍：
A．Angry Poo Game
Are you look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing for a free game with amazing graphics, 100's of levels, and completely original Well then, Angry Poo may not be for you! This is a free game that might make you laugh for a few minutes. Laugh your head off at the hilarious sound effects.www.21-cn-jy.com
B．Bingo
The classic bingo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) game with balls drawn from a basket, a lightboard showing the balls drawn to date and three cards on which you mark your squares as the numbers are drawn. It may not be the prettiest bingo game you can play, but it is the most functional!www-2-1-cnjy-com
C．Country Guess
A simple game wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere you are given hints about a country's name and you have to guess what the country is. Test your geography skills. It's a wonderful game that helps your learning of geography and entertains you at the same time while you're playing.
D．Crazy Taxi
You're a crazy ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bbie racing against the clock! Swerve to avoid other cars...or just jump right over them! You must get to the checkpoint no matter what! It's designed for the lovers of cars, and it also helps you develop driving skills too!
E．Attack of the Flying Goats
In this Adven ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ture Game your mountain town is being attacked by a seemingly endless number of Flying Goats sticking their tongues out and wagging them at everyone! You've been recruited to take on the adventure of holding these creatures back at all costs.
F．Developer Rescue
The year is 202 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0. Apple Inc has finally decided to kidnapping the lead jailbreak developers they have hated for so many years. Upon learning of Apple's plans you decide to rescue the developers before Apple can succeed in kidnapping them.
请阅读以下人员信息，然后匹配人员与相关游戏。
46．Frank wishes to get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a game for his new Apple phone. He loves to play those kinds of games in which his role is a pilot, a brave soldier or a tough man of other kinds who fight to rescue people in trouble. 21世纪教育网版权所有
47．Charlie wants t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o download a game with different levels of difficulty for his mobile phone. He wants it for free and hopes that it will bring him lots of laughter. Of course, he wishes it would have wonderful visual and sound effect.
48．Eddie is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a young man with sporting blood. He likes to do things that can bring him challenges and adventures. So when it comes to mobile phones games, he definitely wants to get one adventure game for his phone.
49．For Brad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Green, no games can attract him more than those related to cars. Now he would love to download a car racing game for his new phone. And of course, he wishes to get one that can help to improve his driving skills at the same time.
50．Tony loves to p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lay games with his new cell phone. It seems that nothing can prevent him from playing those games, his father Mr. Greg has got a new idea instead. He wants to find a game that could help with Tony's knowledge of geography.
Ⅴ.读写任务(满分25分)
阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Since I started hig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h school, there have been many misunderstandings between my parents and me. They think I am in puppy love(早恋)．
They secretly check ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my text messages and listen in on my phone conversations. They also talk with my class teacher and keep telling me how bad puppy love is. What my parents have done drives me so crazy that I have had several violent quarrels with them. I know they are trying to protect me from being hurt, but I just feel they are ignoring my need for privacy and independence.
I don't want this t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o go on, so I have decided to take some action. I on purpose leave my text message and diaries about for them to read. I stay in their sight while I am talking on the phone and avoid joking with boys. I spend more time at home studying than hanging out and trying my best to improve my school performance.
Gradually, my parents ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have started to calm down. They hardly ever check my messages any more and allow me to talk with male classmates. I am happy that they are beginning to trust me.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
In our life, mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sunderstandings happen at times and bother us. But if we can put our feet into other's shoes and take positive action, a misunderstanding can be a chance to achieve better understanding.
【写作内容】
1．以约30词左右概括短文的主要内容；
2．然后以约120词讲述一次你或你的朋友被误会的经历，并包括如下要点：
(1)时间，地点和起因；
(2)被别人误会给你或你的朋友带来的影响；
(3)你或你的朋友是如何消除别人的误会的。
【写作要求】
1．作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2．作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
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综合检测(四)
1．B 根据下文DeLuca的回答I'm going to college可知，朋友Buck询问他未来的打算。 21*cnjy*com
2．D 根据下文It was th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e summer of 1965以及段末DeLuca的话可知，是DeLuca在回忆往事，因此用recall。remind使想起，使记起，提醒；repeat重复；request请求。
3．D 根据下文to open thirty stores in ten years和倒数第二段可知，他们当初定下了目标。
4．B 根据常识，开店首先要有店面，显然是租赁了一个店面。
5．A 这里cover的意思 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是“足够支付”。根据上下文尤其是Buck kicked in another $ 1,000可知，当他们不够支付创办时的开销时，Buck又投入了1 000美元。
6．C 根据此段开头单词But以及后文的叙述可知，像预料的一样，两人刚开始时并不是一帆风顺的。
7．C 根据第一段中的I'm going to college可知答案为C。
8．C 根据上下文可知两人只有在每周一晚上见面，商量经营策略。
9．C convince使……相信。此处意思是尽管两人都很忙碌，但他们相信他们能够开第二家店，相信他们能够成功。
10．C 根据第二段他俩的目标to open thirty stores in ten years可知答案为C。
11．A 根据本段的内容可知，DeLuca重 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )视合作者之间关系的建立 ，The partners learn as you go approach成了他们最大的优势。
12．A 根据下文the supplier ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s got to know me well可知，每周五，DeLuca就会开着车亲手把钱给他们的供应商送去。
13．C 根据上文the suppliers got to know me well可知，他们之间的个人关系很好。
14．A 根据that can get you down可知，应是经营过程中出现的各种问题。question指疑问，不符合语境。
15．C 结合两人的创业经历可知，制定目标很 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )重要，因为一旦制定了目标，只要坚持朝着目标奋斗就一定能实现。keep doing sth.坚持做某事。
16．when 17.anot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her 18.that 19.who 20.what 21.happiest 22.necessarily es 24.forgotten 25.around
26．A 细节理解题。从文章第二段最后一句话可知，科学家可以使地球增加60亿年的寿命，使其工作寿命加倍，即为120亿年。
27．C 推理判断题。根据文章第六、七段可知：因为太阳的原因，地球将逐渐变热以至于不适宜于人类居住，这是科学家计划拯救地球的原因。
28．D 词义理解题。大约10亿年以后阳光肯 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定会更炙热，从而严重损害地球生态环境——把人类烤为灰烬！compromise意为“危及”，与D项endanger意思相近。
29．A 读图理解题。从文章中的叙述可知，图A最佳解释了这项计划的工作原理。
30．B 细节理解题。最后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )两段分别指出该计划可能带来的两大恶果：一是万一轨道计算出错会使被控星体撞向地球，二是地球脱离原轨道后很可能会失去月球，从而导致气候剧变。
31．C 主旨大意题。通读第二段，可知主要是讲人们关于火星的一些传统认识，故选C。
32．B 推理判断题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第三段的“Today，Mars continues to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study.”以及后一句“Space scientists have collected a wealth of information...”可推断现在的航天科学家们对火星很感兴趣。
33．A 推理判断题。根据第四段的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )He said，‘It's actually orangish more than red and it's also kind of brown，’”可知Sam认为火星并不是红色的，而是橘黄色甚至带点褐色，故选A。
34．D 推理判断题。根据末段的“... ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.”可知应选D。
35．D 由第四段可知答案为D。
【语篇解读】 本文为议论文。成功 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的(领域)一定会成为你的优势所在。
36．A 主旨大意题。第一段主要分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )析了成功的原因，有人认为是天赋、出身或者运气，但是作者并不完全认同，认为这只是生活的现实而已。故A项正确。B项意为“成功的意义”；C项意为“成功的标准”；D项意为“成功的重要性”，均与第一段不相关。
37．B 词义猜测题。根据上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句．..to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.可知，that代指“设定一个符合实际的目标”。
38．D 推理判断题。根据第二段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知，成功需要付出大部分人不愿付出的时间来学习和练习，这就是成功人士建议一个人要从事他所喜欢的事情的原因，故D项“成功需要很多时间”正确。A项和C项描述的情况只能在一个人不喜欢的前提下发生，故排除。B项意为“人们往往喜欢自己的工作”，文章中无从得知。
39．B 推理判断题。根据第四段最后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一句可知，认为成功是依靠运气或者天赋的想法对你是没有好处的，很有可能你错了，也就是说有时候人们的成功并不是靠这些因素，故B项正确。A项与本段首句不一致，并未提到成功的人喜欢展示自己的技巧；C项at the cost of life“付出生命的代价”是对they have put in a huge part of their life“付出他们生命中绝大部分的时间”的曲解；根据．..thinking that way does you no good...排除D项。
40．C 主旨大意题。概括全文可知， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文章主要指出成功的关键不是靠天赋、出身或运气，没有大量的时间和练习，一个人是不会取得成功的。文章虽然提到，要取得成功首先要设定一个符合实际的目标，但没说这是“至关重要的(vital)”，这并非文章的主题；文章也并非主要比较being good与being great的不同，故排除B项；D项与文章内容相反。
41．D 细节理解题。根据第五段首 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句“So one day I typed out a dozen excuse notes and gave them to my classes.”和第六段首句“Now，this will be the first class to study the art of the excuse note—the first class，ever，to practice writing them.”可知，作者这样做的目的是要帮助学生提高写作水平。故D为正确答案。
42．B 推理判断题。从第四段“Bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t when they produced excuse notes，they were brilliant.”可知答案。
43．D 细节理解题。文中的第一段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )提到了作者在一所高中教creative writing和后面第七段中提到的“You used your imaginations.So try more now.”可知答案。
44．C 猜词题。根据上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文所提到的“Most parental excuse notes I received were penned by my students.”可知大多数学生假冒家长伪造假条，所以作者手里有了一大堆伪造的假条。
45．A 推理判断题。通过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最后一段首句“I just want to...whatever the hell you were doing，was great.Those kids were writing on the college level.”可知，校长认为作者教的这堂课很棒，学生们的作文都达到了大学水平，由此可知他认为作者教学方法很有效。故A为正确答案。
46－50 FAEDC
【参考范文】
From the experie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce of being misunderstood by her parents, the writer tells us that when we meet with a misunderstanding, we should think about it on others' position and try to clear it up actively.
After reading the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) passage, I can't help recalling my own experience that I was misunderstood by some strangers. It was an ordinary day when I was riding to school. Suddenly I saw a boy riding before me knock down an old blind man. The poor man fell down but the boy left quickly, doing nothing to help him. I was shocked and stopped to help him stand up. Luckily he was not injured. But soon there came a crowd of strangers that blamed me for my carelessness. They thought it was I who had knocked down the old man!
I felt quite embar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rassed and attempted to explain but no one would believe me. However, at that time, the blind man told the others that it was not me to blame, and that the one who did it was a cyclist! I thanked the man and people around apologized to me.
From this experie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce, I believe that misunderstandings will disappear if we can patiently try to work them out.
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
课时作业(八) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A truck went out of control and________(碰撞) into the back of a bus.
2．The smell of new bread________(飘动) up from the kitchen.
3．Don't________(拉) so hard or the handle will go off.21cnjy.com
4．As we all know, Qian Xuesen is a famous________(物理学家)．
5．We should form the habit of living in low________(碳)．
6．The space shuttle orbited a communication________(卫星)．
7．Today all of us face ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the problems of________(气候) change, shortage of energy and other natural resources.2-1-c-n-j-y
8．Mary is a very________(温和的) person, who never loses her temper.
9．He arrived home，________(筋疲力尽的)．
10．He________(振奋) up at the thought of buying a new car.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2013·梅县高一月考)Copernic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us was born in Torun，Poland，on February 19,1473.Little is known about his early life except that his father died when he was 10.An uncle adopted him，his two sisters，and his brother.The uncle saw to it that the two boys received a good education.Copernicus went to the University of Cracow.There he studied such subjects as Latin，mathematics，and astronomy.It was probably at that time that he changed his Polish name，Niklas Koppernigk，to the Latin form of Nicolaus Copernicus.In 1496 Copernicus went to Italy，where he spent the next 10 years studying at various universities.【出处：21教育名师】
In Copernicus' time p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople still believed that all things—the sun，the stars，and the planets—moved around the earth.It was an old belief that few men had ever questioned.Aristotle had based his theory of astronomy on this belief.Because the Church had long been the center of learning，the theory was also linked to religious beliefs.【版权所有：21教育】
In 1506 Copernicus re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )turned to his homeland.A few years later he began to work for the Church.All those years Copernicus carried on his work in astronomy.He had just the most basic equipment and，like other scientists of his day，made observations with only his eyes.Still，using mathematics and logic(逻辑)，Copernicus worked out a different theory，which held that the planets went around the sun.
Copernicus did not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) announce his ideas.He did not want to make trouble.But he could not hide the scientific truth.So he talked about his theory with his friends，who strongly advised him to have his work published.His great book，On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies，appeared at the very end of his life.Copernicus saw the first copy on the day he died，May 24,1543.21*cnjy*com
1．Which of the following is TRUE about Copernicus
A．He had two brothers and a sister.
B．He used to be called Niklas Koppernigk.
C．He lost his father soon after he was born.
D．He spent 10 years at the University of Cracow.
2．From the passage we can see that “astronomy” is________.
A．the life experience of great men
B．the movement of the stars and the planets
C．the scientific study of natural objects in space【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
D．the theories developed by scientists of old times
3．Copernicus developed his theory________.
A．using various telescopes
B．based on Aristotle's beliefs
C．through observations and reasoning(推理)
D．under the encouragement of his friends
4．The writer of the passage tells us that________.21世纪教育网版权所有
A．Copernicus did n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot tell about his discovery until the day of his death
B．for many ye ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars Copernicus dared to do nothing openly against the Church
C．pushed by his fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ends Copernicus decided to write a book in May,1543
D．shortly before he g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot back to Poland Copernicus started to work for the Churchwww.21-cn-jy.com
5．Copernicus had his great book published because________.
A．he didn't agree with Aristotle
B．he could not hide the scientific truth
C．he worked for the Church
D．his friends advised him to do so
B
Michacl，Rae，Jequita，A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lice，Sarah and Phyllis have at least one thing in common：They all love animals so much that they're driven to volunteer regularly at the Romulus Animal Shelter. 21*cnjy*com
The six Romulus are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a residents give as much time as they can to perform various tasks at the shelter，help make life more comfortable for the dogs and cats that stay there and do their best to find permanent homes for the stray(流浪) pets.
The shelter，at 12 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )300 Wayne Road，opened in June 2011 and operates on money raised in the community.To date，bingos and other fundraising activities have brought in more than $177,000，according to community leader William Wadsworth，but a tight budget requires the efforts of volunteers to make ends meet.
“Without their help， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this building would not be an outstanding place.”Wadsworth said.“Their time and devotion is beyond what I ever expected.And I thank them all.”
The volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s work at the direction of two animal control officers，Annie Hall and Kim Ratcliff，who spend much of their day patrolling(巡逻) the city and housing stray dogs and cats.The two，both with 32 years of experience，count on the public to be the eyes and ears of the shelter.They are also responsible for addressing complaints and taking care of the shelter.www-2-1-cnjy-com
That's where th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e volunteers come in.They take photos of the animals and post them on Facebook and other websites for adoption.They clean cages，play with the animals，feed and bathe the pets and take the dogs for walks.They pick up supplies and even clean the restrooms.
“We couldn't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) do it without them，”said Ratcliff.“They come in and go right to work.We depend on them a lot.They help run the place，”added Hall.
6．What is the purpose of this text
A．To raise enough money for the stray pets.
B．To advertise for the Romulus Animal Shelter.
C．To praise the volunteers for caring animals.
D．To house more stray dogs and cats in the city.
7．Why does the Animal Shelter need the efforts of volunteers
A．Because it has just opened for one year.
B．Because it has too many stray pets.
C．Because there are only two animal control officers.21教育名师原创作品
D．Because it has a very tight budget.
8．Many volunteers came to help in the shelter mainly because________.
A．they are living near the shelter
B．they have rich experience in caring animals
C．they love animals very much
D．they can raise some money for the shelter
9．Which of the following isn't the volunteers' work
A．Patrolling the city.
B．Feeding the pets.
C．Cleaning the cages.
D．Picking up supplies.
10．We can learn from the text that________.
A．all the stray pets will live in the shelter forever21·cn·jy·com
B．most stray pets were picked up by the control officers
C．the animals with mos ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t beautiful pictures on the websites will be adopted
D．the volunteers' work was highly praised by the control officers
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．你很快会掌握窍门的。(hang)
_____________________________________________________________
2．既然他感觉好些了，他就可以去上班了。(now that)
_____________________________________________________________
3．如果你不当心，你会被骗的。(watch out)
_____________________________________________________________
4．你看上去很伤心，振作点，一切都会好的。(cheer up)
_____________________________________________________________
5．彼得的夹克看上去与杰克的一样，但花了两倍的钱。(as...as)
_____________________________________________________________
课时作业(八)
Ⅰ.1.crashed 2.floated 3.pull 4.physicist 5.carbon
6．satellite 7.climate 8.gentle 9.exhausted 10.cheered
Ⅱ.1.B 细节题。由第一段倒数第二句可知B项正确。
2．C 推理判断题。由第二、三段可知，哥白尼研究天文学即研究太阳周围的行星。由此推出答案。
3．C 推理判断题。由第三段第四、五句可知，哥白尼是通过观察和推理来发展自己的理论的。
4．B 推理判断题。由最后两段可知，哥白尼多年一直没有宣布自己的理论，直至晚年才敢出版著作。
5．D 细节考查题。由最后一段第四句可以得出答案。
6．C 意图目的题。文章通过介绍Romulus Animal Shelter志愿者的活动，目的是表扬他们的贡献。21教育网
7．D 细节题。由第三段最后一句话知D项正确。
8．C 细节题。由第一段中“Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey all love animals so much that they're driven to volunteer regularly at the Romulus Animal Shelter”知选C项。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
9．A 细节题。由倒数第二段知A项符合题意。
10．D 推断题。由最后一段Ratcliff所说的话，可知志愿者的工作得到高度评价。
Ⅲ.1.You'll soon get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the hang of it. 2.Now that he's feeling better，he can go back to work.2·1·c·n·j·y
3．You will be cheated if you don't watch out.
4．You look sad.C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heer up！Everything will be all right soon. 5.Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's，but it cost twice as much as his.21·世纪*教育网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
课时作业(七) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In old times people had a________(理论) that the world was flat.
2．They have almost s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pent as much as one________(十亿) dollars on this project.2-1-c-n-j-y
3．Because of the___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____(猛烈的) natural disaster, a lot of people have lost their lives.2·1·c·n·j·y
4．People suffering ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hunger still________(存在) in many parts of the world today.
5．Smoking is________(有害的) to health, but there are still many people picking it up.
6．Some people are still________(迷惑的) about how the computer works.
7．________(不像 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) what you supposed, only few people attended his birthday party.
8．Man can't live without water and________(氧气)．
9．The sun looks like an orange________(球)．
10．A family frien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dly________(气氛) in this hotel makes travelers comfortable.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2013·中山高一检测)O ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne effective way of destroying happiness is to look at something and focus on even the smallest fault.It's like looking at the tiled (铺瓦的) ceiling and concentrating on the space where one tile is __1__.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Once I heard a bald ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) man said，“Whenever I enter a room，all I see is hair.” Once you've __2__what your missing tile is，explore whether acquiring it will __3__make you happy.Then do one of the three things: get it，replace it with a different __4__，or forget about it and __5__the tiles in your life that are not missing.
We all know people wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o have had a relatively __6__ life，yet are essentially unhappy while people who have suffered a great deal but generally remain happy.
The first __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )7__is gratitude.All happy people are grateful.Ungrateful people cannot be happy.We tend to think that being unhappy leads people to __8__，but it's truer to say that complaining leads to people becoming unhappy.【版权所有：21教育】
The second secret is a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wareness.We should __9__that happiness is a byproduct of something else.The most obvious __10__are those pursuits that give our lives purpose—anything from studying insects to playing baseball.The more passions we have，the more happiness we are __11__to experience.
Finally，the bel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ief that something permanent goes beyond us and that our __12__has some larger meaning can help us to feel happier.We need a spiritual faith，or a philosophy of life.Whatever your philosophy is，it should __13__this truth: if you choose to find the __14__in every situation，you will be blessed，and if you choose to find the awful，you will be cursed.As for happiness itself，this __15__depends on your decision to make.
1．A.different B．missing
C．short D．broken
2．A.determined B．predicted
C．assumed D．imagined
3．A.completely B．naturally
C．hopefully D．really
4．A.tile B．brick
C．ceiling D．house
5．A.go on B．put on
C．focus on D．rely on
6．A.peaceful B．difficult
C．ordinary D．easy
7．A.secret B．factor
C．rule D．key
8．A.upset B．quarrel
C．complain D．depress
9．A.decide B．realize
C．prove D．assume
10．A.sources B．results
C．answers D．goals
11．A.probable B．possible
C．likely D．capable
12．A.value B．destination
C．survival D．existence
13．A.tell B．include
C．absorb D．mean
14．A.worst B．best
C．positive D．negative
15．A.absolutely B．totally
C．exactly D．largely
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Edmund Halley was an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.21cnjy.com
However，Halley h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad a friend named Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圆)．21·cn·jy·com
Now Halley se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t to work.He figured out(解决；计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart. 21*cnjy*com
This seemed very s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets，as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an asto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nishing idea！Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction(预言) of what comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it，for he had died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's comet，in his honor.
1．Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of________.
A．some different comets appearing several times
B．the same comet appearing at different times
C．three different comets appearing three times
D．several comets appearing at the same time
2．Halley made his discovery________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
3．Halley made a surpr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ising，but correct prediction in the year________.
A．1704 B．1705 C．1706 D．1707
4．This passage in general is about________.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
5．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Newton was a famous mathematician.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.21教育名师原创作品
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．很久以前在地球上存在着体形庞大的动物。(exist)
_____________________________________________________________
2．现在轮到她为我们表演了。(turn)
_____________________________________________________________
3．没有人知道这个风俗是何时开始存在的。(existence)
_____________________________________________________________
4．他讲英语如此清楚以至于总是能被理解。(so...that...)
_____________________________________________________________
5．他让大家明白开这个会是必要的。(it)
_____________________________________________________________
课时作业(七)
Ⅰ.1.theory 2.billion 3.violent 4.exist 5.harmful
6．puzzled 7.Unlike 8.oxygen 9.globe 10.atmosphere
Ⅱ.1.B 就像我们在看一个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )铺瓦的房顶时，总是会盯住缺少(missing)一片瓦的那块地方。 根据第二段第二句话中“what your missing tile is...”也可知此处应选missing。21世纪教育网版权所有
2．A 一旦断定(determ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ined)你所缺失的是哪一片瓦。predict“预言”；assume“假设”；imagine“想象”。故选A项。21教育网
3．D 想一想获得它是否真的(really)会令你幸福。
4．A 然后你有三种选择：找到丢了的那块；用另一块不同的瓦片(tile)来代替……
5．C focus on表示“集中( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )注意力、精力等)于”；go on表示“继续”；put on表示“上演，穿上，戴上”；rely on表示“依赖”。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
6．D 我们都认识这样一些人，他们过着相对轻松的(easy)生活，但并不幸福。
7．A 第一个秘诀(secret)是感激。下段The second secret is...为答案提示。
8．C 我们往往认为，不幸福会导致 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人牢骚满腹(complain)，而事实是，抱怨令人感到不幸福。下文but it's truer to say that complaining leads to people becoming unhappy为答案提示。【出处：21教育名师】
9．B 第二个秘诀就是要意识到(realize)幸福是其他事物的副产品。
10．A 它最显而易见的源泉(sources)就是那些给我们的生活以目标的追求。
11．C 我们拥有的激情越多，我们就越有可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能(likely)经历更多的幸福。 sb.be likely to do sth.“某人可能做某事”。www.21-cn-jy.com
12．D 最后，如果你信仰有某种永恒的东西可以超越我们，而且我们的存在(existence)更具有超凡的意义，你就会更幸福。21*cnjy*com
13．B 不管你的人生哲学是什么，它应该包含(include)这样一个真理。
14．C 如果你在所有的情况下都选择寻找事情积极的(positive)一面，你就会幸福，如果你选择寻找糟糕的一面，那你将厄运缠身。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
15．D 就幸福本身而言，它很大程 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )度上(largely)取决于你自身的决定。absolutely“绝对地”；totally“完全地”；exactly“准确地”。故D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.1.B 综合判断题。根据文章的第四 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.”及上文提到的看彗星的时间分别是1531年，1607年，1682年可判断正确答案为B。21·世纪*教育网
2．C 细节理解题。由文中第三段得知。
3．B 计算题。文中的“He d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。
4．D 主旨大意题。纵观全文，不难看出，文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现。
5．C 综合判断题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第二题的分析中可知B项也错误；牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D。
Ⅳ.1.There existed huge animals on the earth a long time ago.
2．Now it is her tu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rn to give us a performance. 3.No one knows when the custom came into existence. 4.He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood. 5.He made it clear that it is necessary to have the meeting.
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