备战天津2023英语高考训练之阅读理解100篇其五（学生版+教师版）

备战天津2023英语高考训练之阅读理解100篇其五（学生版）
篇41 In times of economic crisis, Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won't necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.
We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses. By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse (配偶) could manage alone.
Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown (暴跌) will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.
After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities. A 1940 book The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job "with tireless search for work". He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.
The problem is that such an impulse (冲动，推动力) is hard to sustain (维持). Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale (士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed (压垮，击溃) their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.
Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.
Today's economic crisis could well generate (产生) a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably (无法弥补地) ruined. So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.
(1) In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to ______.
A. tear many troubled families apart
B. bring about a drop in the divorce rate
C. contribute to enduring family ties
D. cause a lot of conflicts in the family
(2) In the Great Depression many unhappy couples chose to stick together because ______.
A. starting a new family would be hard
B. they expected things would turn better
C. they wanted to better protect their kids
D. living separately would be too costly
(3) In addition to job losses, what stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce
A. Mounting family debts.
B. A sense of insecurity.
C. Falling housing prices.
D. Difficulty in getting a loan.
(4) What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples
A. It will irreparably damage their relationship.
B. It will undermine (逐渐削弱) their mutual understanding.
C. It will help strengthen their emotional bonds.
D. It will force them to pull their efforts together.
(5) What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.
B. Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships.
C. A stable family is the best protection against poverty.
D. Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.
篇42 At age 22， Hikari Oberman has already been a lifeguard for four years. Last week, Oberman talked to The Garden Island about how he helped save lives during a recent rescue.
On Dec. 30， Oberman and his coworker Cope were parked in their truck at Anini Beach when two workers ran up to them and said, "I think someone's getting stuck in the channel!"
"I grabbed our equipment. We started rolling out down there," Oberman said.
When he got out there, Oberman found a standup paddler, a man in his late 30s, struggling against the current, with an elderly man holding tightly to the back of the paddleboard （冲浪板）.
He said, "My coworker grabbed the standup guy. Meanwhile, I'm stuck with the older man."
Normally, Oberman said he would pull the paddler up, lay him on the surfboard, climb up behind and paddle from there. He tried that technique at first and quickly realized it was not a practicable option. They are not going anywhere.
Waves hit against the extremely sharp reef very hard about 30 yards behind them, and the current was pulling them into it.
"It's right behind us. If I stop paddling, we're definitely going to be in that zone." he said.
They started making progress toward the reef, where they might safely be able to climb out. Oberman just focused on forward movement.
After about five minutes-"even though it felt longer" -Oberman said his partner had gotten the paddleboarder safely to shore and started coming back out to help.
"I look back, and I see our Jet Ski. He's finally coming in the channel. We're not going to have to worry about that now. "
It was a good rescue.
When asked what it feels like to save someone's life, Oberman responded, "I love it! That's why we do it!" But as exciting as it might be to perform a big rescue, he explained that the most important part of his job is to keep people from getting into trouble in the first place.
(1) How did Hikari Oberman and his coworker react to the two workers' cry for help？ ______
A. They dragged the two workers to their truck.
B. They rolled the equipment to the channel.
C. They called for help immediately.
D. They made their way to the channel without delay.
(2) What does the underlined part "They are not going anywhere." in Paragraph 6 probably mean？ ______
A. They are unwilling to go anywhere.
B. They are waiting others for help.
C. They are being pulled by the current.
D. They are going to give up.
(3) What did the author want to show by mentioning the waves？ ______
A. It was the perfect time to surf.
B. The reefs were so hard to damage.
C. The situation was extremely serious.
D. The paddlers were pushed forward.
(4) Which of the following things contributed more to the rescue？ ______
A. The Jet Ski.
B. The current.
C. The paddleboard.
D. The truck.
(5) What is the author's attitude towards his job？ ______
A. Skeptical.
B. Tolerate.
C. Approving.
D. Frightened.
篇43
Best Places to Visit in Iceland
Welcome to Iceland, a land that comes across as being a unique and beautiful destination. It is open to visitors who like to study an unknown course, and everything about Iceland waits to be explored. Here are just a lot of places you can take on.
Dettifoss
Dettifoss waterfalls, located 90 km from the town Húsavík, is the most powerful waterfall in Europe. You can access the waterfall either by hiking or driving down along the road leading to the falls. The access roads, however, remain closed during the winter months. That is from January to April.
Landmannalaugar
Landmannalaugar or the people’s pools, is a major tourist attraction in Iceland. Known as the heart for hikers, the area is popular for hot springs. Open only during summers, it is accessible from Thorsmork Biking in this area. However, it is relatively difficult, and is recommended only for trained mountain bikers.
Reykjavik
Reykjavik , which actually means “Steamy Bay”, got its name from the sight of steam rising from the geothermal (地热的) hot springs, which attracted the Vikings when they landed at the bay. You can relax by hiking, or go fishing in the Elliea River. Don’t forget to go skinny-dipping in the famous Blue Lagoon, a geothermal pool in the area.
Gotafoss
Gotafoss, also known as the waterfall of the gods, is one of the most impressive attractions in Iceland. Located on the Skjalfandafljot river flowing south of Ring road, it is easily accessible, thus attracting tourists and divers alike. As the story goes, it was these falls that the Lawspeaker Thorgeir Ljosvetningagoti threw the statues of his Norse gods into, hence giving it the name Gotafoss.
J kulsárlón
Known to be a museum of ice sculptures, J kulsárlón is a large glacier lake on the South Eastern border. The lake which is around 200 meters deep is home to some of the big icebergs. During the summer months, you can use boat rides that will take you face to face with the ice sculptures that melt away splendidly. In the winters, you will spot a number of seals and the great Skua at the lake.
(1) The writer’s purpose in writing the passage is to _______________.
A. praise the beauty of nature in Iceland
B. persuade more people to visit the places in Iceland
C. tell people the culture and history of Iceland
D. attract more people to explore the fields in Iceland online
(2) When you travel in Iceland, you will enjoy the natural attractions except _______________.
A. splendid waterfall
B. ice sculpture
C. stone beaches
D. hot springs
(3) The name of Gotafoss is given _______________.
A. because of its surroundings
B. because of the people there
C. because of its location
D. because of a story
(4) Which two places have the same attraction
A. Dettifoss and Gotafoss
B. J kulsárlón and Dettifoss
C. Gotafoss and Landmannalaugar
D. Landmannalaugar and J kulsárlón
(5) It can be inferred from the passage that _______________.
A. we can enjoy swimming in Reykjavik
B. Iceland now is totally powered by the sun
C. we can see some attractions only in summer
D. we can drive down the road to visit waterfall only in winter
篇44
A study of school design has discovered that school design can influence a child's development by as much as 25 percent-over the course of an academic year．The 751 pupils using 34 classrooms across seven primary schools in Blackpool were studied by the University of Salford．Standardized data-such as age，gender（性别） and academic performance-were collected on each child at the start and end of the year，while each classroom was evaluated for quality on ten different environmental factors，such as direction for natural light，shape，color and temperature．
The results，published in Building and the Environment，showed that the architecture and design of classrooms has an important role to play in influencing academic performance．Six of the environmental factors-color，choice，connection，complexity，flexibility and light-were clearly correlated with grade scores．
Architect Peter Barrett，the study's head author，said，"This is the first time a whole assessment has been made that successfully links the overall impact directly to learning rates in schools．The impact identified is in fact greater than we imagined．"According to the results，once the differences between the"worst"and"best"designed classrooms in the study were taken into account，it was found that the influence that"best"designed classrooms bring is equivalent（相等的） to the progress that a typical pupil would be expected to make over a year．
The results are particularly interesting as the government has introduced a controversial series of standardized templates（模板） for new school buildings，with the purpose of reducing the costs of hiring architects．The opinion on a range of strictly-defined design features replaces the previous Labour government's more architecturally luxurious Building Schools for the Future program，which was canceled by education secretary Michael Gove．He has claimed that his department's new Priority School Building Program，and its basic plans，will put an end to a situation which he believes existed only to"make architects richer"．
(1) It can be inferred that the standardized data ______ ．
A. were based on ten environmental factors
B. were collected twice in an academic year
C. were collected by the University of Salford in person
D. were changeable because of the school environment
(2) The underlined phrase" correlated with"has the closest meaning to ______ ．
A. associated with
B. compared to
C. unconcerned with
D. based on
(3) What did Peter Barrett think of the result of the study？ ______
A. It was not believable．
B. It was wonderful．
C. It was arguable．
D. It was against his expectations．
(4) Why did Michael Gove cancel the program？ ______
A. Because the program didn't reach the standard．
B. Because standardized templates were not finally decided．
C. Because the program was made by the previous government．
D. Because it was against the government's demand for cost saving．
(5) What's the best title for the passage？ ______
A. School Design Can Greatly Affect Teachers'Life
B. School Design Can Greatly Affect Teachers'Work
C. School Design Can Greatly Affect Children's Interest
D. School Design Can Greatly Affect Children's Grades．
篇45
Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren't written until the final threat.
I've been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master's degree in English. But Jody When he entered the tenth grade he became a "vo-tech" student(技校学生). They're called "motorheads" by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him "motorhead", I was shocked. "Hey, he's a good kid," I wanted to say. "And smart, really. "
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don't often make school honor rolls (光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don't have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $ 800. "Hey, I can fix it," said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son, with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts (零件) from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The cost was $25 instead of $800.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most importantly, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
(1) What used to be the author's hope for his son
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author's unachieved goals.
(2) What can we learn about the author's children
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework.
D. His son couldn't write his book reports.
(3) The author let his son repair the car because he believed that ________.
A. his son had the ability to fix it
B. It would save him much time
C. It wouldn't cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help
(4) In the author's eyes, motorheads are ________.
A. tidy and hard-working
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
(5) What did the author realize in the end
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
篇46 To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies．No child imitates every action he sees．Sometimes，the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example．Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than"Monkey see，monkey do．"
Look at it from the child's point of view．Here he is in a new situation，lacking a ready response．He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends．If he lacks a ready response for the situation，and cannot reason out what to do，he observes a model who seems able to get the right result．The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do．
There is a second element at work in this situation．The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him．When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message，he is told emphatically that such a racket（叫嚷） is unpleasant，that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly．Thus，the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly．One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response．Then other adults reward some actions and criticize others．If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect，he must adopt responses his social group approves．
In finding trial responses，the learner does not choose models at random．He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like，rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid．If the pupil wants to be a good violinist，he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players； while some other person may most influence his approach to books．
Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole，and he becomes an identifying figure．We use some people as models over a wide range of situations，imitating much that they do．We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success．
(1) By the last sentence of the first paragraph，the author ______ ．
A. compares children's behaviors to monkey's
B. tells us that children do not learn by imitation
C. thinks it is partial to regard imitation as"Monkey see，monkey do．"
D. means that children should not learn by imitating their parents
(2) The first element at work when a child learns by imitation is ______ ．
A. the need to find a way to attain the desired goal
B. the desire to be acknowledged by his social group
C. the desire to find an expert and authority
D. the need to find a way to avoid criticism
(3) According to the third paragraph，besides achieving his goals，a child should also learn to ______ ．
A. attain his desired results as soon as possible
B. show his love for his parents and friends
C. talk in a low voice
D. behave properly
(4) It can be inferred that children usually imitate people ______ ．
A. who do not scold them
B. who they want to be like
C. who have a high social status
D. who give them many rewards
(5) The last two paragraphs are mainly about ______ ．
A. how children learn by imitation
B. the motive of children's imitation
C. how children choose models
D. how imitation influence children's growth．
篇47 When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. " Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, " said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
(1) What do we know about John
A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B. He had few childhood playmates.
C. He received little love from his family.
D. He was envied by others in his childhood.
(2) Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as ______.
A. A description of personal values and social values
B. an analysis of how work was related to competence
C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children
D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
(3) Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _______.
A. recording the boys, effort in school
B. evaluating the men’s mental health
C. comparing different sets of scores
D. measuring the men’s problem-solving ability
(4) What does the underlined word sharp probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Quick to react.
B. Having a thin edge.
C. Clear and definite.
D. Sudden and rapid.
(5) What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Competent adults know more about love than work.
B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D. Independence is the key to one’s success.
篇48 In 2018， the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villase or, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California's Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150，000 acres of land. Villase or was scared. "That's when I found out how important climate education was," she reflected. "And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years."
Villase or, now 15， is determined to have a bigger conversation. She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations' New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading（恳求）for the world's leaders to take climate change seriously.
Her action received national attention,with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. "It's completely unacceptable to not learn anything about our planet and our environment in school,after all the young people would 'inherit' the Earth." Villase or said, "That's why I think that climate education is so important, and that's why I focus a lot on it now."
Right now, Villase or is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention."That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists," Villase or said.
When she isn't connecting with her fellow youth activists or holding elected officials accountable to the climate concerns of their young voters, Villase or is like most other teens. "My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep." she said. " I like to read,a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write."
(1) What made Villase or realize the lack of climate education？ ______
A. The state of California.
B. The fire disasters in America.
C. 150，000 acres of land scaring her.
D. The severe Camp fire in California.
(2) What does the underlined part "have a bigger conversation" mean？ ______
A. To talk with more local people to change their mind.
B. To convey her belief loudly to more global students.
C. To call on local people to fight with the leaders.
D. To protest to leaders at home and abroad to make changes.
(3) We can infer from the passage that ______ .
A. Villase or turned her original appeal into a lasting and widespread one
B. Villase or thinks the world's leaders have taken climate change seriously
C. Millions of students around the world are joining in the movement
D. Young people should do more things for the earth so as to inherit it
(4) Which of the following facts gives Villase or a sense of achievement？ ______
A. That she is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan.
B. That her and other youth climate activists' opinions caught people's attention.
C. That she can sleep and read in her spare time.
D. That more schools have set up climate courses.
(5) What is this passage mainly about？ ______
A. The 15-year-old activist fighting for better climate education.
B. Climate education deserves everyone's attention around the world.
C. A young girl and her climate education.
D. Young activists make their voices heard.
篇49 When I was 17 years old I had surgery because of a disease. The day after the surgery, I awoke to find a friend of mine sitting in a chair across from my bed. I don't remember much about his visit. But I will not forget that he visited me on that day, and sat there for I don't know how long, while I was under the influence of a morphine drip (输液). We benefit greatly from our close friendships, but they are not a matter of calculable gain or loss.
Our age, what we might call the age of economics, is strongly influenced by two types of relationships that reflect the lives we are encouraged to lead. There are consumer relationships, those that we participate in for the pleasure they bring us. They are focused on the present. It is what brings immediate pleasure that matters. And there are entrepreneurial (商业的) relationships, those that we invest in, hoping they will bring us some return.
Aristotle thought that there were three types of friendship: those of pleasure, those of usefulness, and true friendship. In Pleasure Friendships, he said, "It is not for their character that men love ready-witted people, but because they find them pleasant." About the usefulness friendships, he said, "Those who love each other for their utility (效用) do not love each other for themselves, but because of some good which they get from each other."
Although we benefit from our close friendships, these friendships are not a matter of calculable gain and loss. Consumer pleasures are lasting for only a limited time. They surround us for a short period and then they fade, like a drug. Entrepreneur friendship, when successful, leads to the victory of personal gain.
It is precisely the non-economic character that is threatened in a society in which each of us is offered only the choices of ownership, shopping, competition and growth. It is threatened when we are led to believe that friendships without obvious recognizable gain are, in the economic sense, irrational (不合理的). Friendships are not without reason, perhaps, but they are certainly without that particular reason. Shared experience, not just everyday amusement or advancement, is the true basis of friendship.
(1) The author mentions his operation in the first paragraph to ______ .
A. recall one of his best friends
B. advise people to visit sick friends
C. introduce the topic of true friendship
D. talk about the experience of surgery
(2) Consumer relationships center on ______.
A. the sharing of joy and sorrow
B. mutual support in times of trouble
C. personal gain or personal loss
D. immediate pleasure
(3) The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument by ______.
A. explaining three types of friendship
B. discussing questions
C. analyzing causes and effects
D. providing examples and facts
(4) The author seems to support the idea that ______.
A. friendships are a matter of calculable gain or loss
B. there are no specific reasons for friendship
C. short-term pleasure is the center of friendship
D. everyday amusement is the true basis of friendship
(5) The best title for the text would be ______.
A. Friendship in Modern Times
B. Friendship in Economic Recession
C. Friendship in the Age of Economics
D. Friendship in a Fast Paced Life
篇50 Guaranteed! The Fastest Way to Learn a Language
Finally, we have a different approach that has millions of people talking. Using the award winning Dynamic Immersion (浸泡) method our interactive Software teaches without translation memorization or grammar bining thousands of real-life images and the voices or native speakers in a step-by-step immersion process, our programs successfully copy the experience of learning your first language. Guaranteed to teach faster and easier than any other language product or your money back. No questions asked.
Chinese Vietnamese Russian Indonesia Korean
Hebrew Danish English Spanish
Hindi Portuguese Welsh Greek Dutch
Step-by-step immersion instruction in all key language skills:Listening: Native speakers are employed to help you develop your understanding of the spoken language naturally.
Reading: Text exercises develop your reading skills by linking written language to real-life objects, actions and ideas.
Speaking: speech-recognition feature records and compares your voice to the native speaker’ s and grades your pronunciation.
Writing: Practice writing the language you're learning with the program to guide you. The dictation program evaluates your spelling, syntax and punctuation.
Each fully interactive course includes:★ CD-ROM with 20 activities in each lesson
★ Previews, comprehensive exercises and examples for each lesson
★Automated tutorials that assess where you need extra help
★Curriculum（全部课程）text and a user's guide
Level 1 CD-ROM---------------------$139Level 2 CD-ROM $159
Level !&2 Normally 229 Now 206.10
Call today or buy online for a 20% discount TheRoseStone.co/wds016Call 1800-6310-1389
Use promotional code wds016 when placing an order. All major credit cards accepted.

(1) Which of the following is the main advantage of the Dynamic Immersion method
A. It encourages the active memorization of difficult words.
B. It provides the user with extensive exercises in grammar drills,
C. It allows the user to acquire a language in a shorter time than the average.
D. It teaches by translating the foreign language into the user's native language.
(2) In order to know his or her progress, a user of this software has to ________.
A. turn to the automated tutorials
B. complete all the 20 activities in each lesson
C. call 1800-6310-1389 to consult with a teacher
D. compare his or her voice with the native speaker's
(3) Which of the fallowing skills in the program has more to do with the learner's life experiences
A. Listening.
B. Reading.
C. Speaking.
D. Writing.
(4) Each of the users can get a full interactive course, including ________.
A. CD-ROM and review exercises
B. a credit card and some exercises
C. curriculum text and CD introduction
D. a user's guide and Automated tutorials
(5) People who want to use Dynamic Immersion Method can ______.
A. talk with teachers face to face every day
B. get their money back if they fail the tests
C. compare their own voice with native speakers'
D. find a 20% discount when placing an order online.备战天津2023英语高考训练之阅读理解100篇其五（教师版）
篇41(2022·天津市·模拟题) In times of economic crisis, Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won't necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.
We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses. By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse (配偶) could manage alone.
Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown (暴跌) will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.
After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities. A 1940 book The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job "with tireless search for work". He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.
The problem is that such an impulse (冲动，推动力) is hard to sustain (维持). Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale (士气). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed (压垮，击溃) their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.
Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.
Today's economic crisis could well generate (产生) a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably (无法弥补地) ruined. So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.
(1) In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to ______.
A. tear many troubled families apart
B. bring about a drop in the divorce rate
C. contribute to enduring family ties
D. cause a lot of conflicts in the family
(2) In the Great Depression many unhappy couples chose to stick together because ______.
A. starting a new family would be hard
B. they expected things would turn better
C. they wanted to better protect their kids
D. living separately would be too costly
(3) In addition to job losses, what stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce
A. Mounting family debts.
B. A sense of insecurity.
C. Falling housing prices.
D. Difficulty in getting a loan.
(4) What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples
A. It will irreparably damage their relationship.
B. It will undermine (逐渐削弱) their mutual understanding.
C. It will help strengthen their emotional bonds.
D. It will force them to pull their efforts together.
(5) What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.
B. Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships.
C. A stable family is the best protection against poverty.
D. Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.
【答案】B D C A A
【解析】
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了经济大萧条时期离婚率下降的真正原因。
1. 根据第一段中的If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate.（如果以大萧条为鉴，我们可能会看到极高的离婚率有所下降。）可知，在初始阶段，当前的经济危机可能会带来离婚率的下降。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中的Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse (配偶) could manage alone.（相反，随着收入下降和工作不稳定，不幸福的夫妇往往负担不起离婚。他们担心夫妻双方都无法独自应付。）可知，不幸福的夫妻坚持在一起是因为分开住的成本太高。故选D。
3. 根据第三段中的Furthermore, the housing market meltdown (暴跌) will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.（此外，房地产市场的暴跌将使他们更难通过出售房屋来为他们的分居提供资金。）可知，不幸福的夫妇离婚的另一阻碍是房价下跌。故选C。
4. 根据第五段中的For some, the hardships of life without...as the recovery took hold.（对一些人来说，没有稳定工作的艰难生活最终压倒了他们维系家庭的努力。在接下来的十年中，随着经济复苏站稳脚跟，离婚率再次上升。）可知，当前的经济危机最终会对一些夫妇之间的关系产生不可挽回的破坏性影响。故选A。
5. 根据最后一段中的So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.（因此，只有当经济恢复健康时，我们才会开始看到究竟有多少破碎的家庭诞生。）可推知，经济复苏后离婚率会上升。故选A。
篇42(2021·天津市·模拟题)At age 22， Hikari Oberman has already been a lifeguard for four years. Last week, Oberman talked to The Garden Island about how he helped save lives during a recent rescue.
On Dec. 30， Oberman and his coworker Cope were parked in their truck at Anini Beach when two workers ran up to them and said, "I think someone's getting stuck in the channel!"
"I grabbed our equipment. We started rolling out down there," Oberman said.
When he got out there, Oberman found a standup paddler, a man in his late 30s, struggling against the current, with an elderly man holding tightly to the back of the paddleboard （冲浪板）.
He said, "My coworker grabbed the standup guy. Meanwhile, I'm stuck with the older man."
Normally, Oberman said he would pull the paddler up, lay him on the surfboard, climb up behind and paddle from there. He tried that technique at first and quickly realized it was not a practicable option. They are not going anywhere.
Waves hit against the extremely sharp reef very hard about 30 yards behind them, and the current was pulling them into it.
"It's right behind us. If I stop paddling, we're definitely going to be in that zone." he said.
They started making progress toward the reef, where they might safely be able to climb out. Oberman just focused on forward movement.
After about five minutes-"even though it felt longer" -Oberman said his partner had gotten the paddleboarder safely to shore and started coming back out to help.
"I look back, and I see our Jet Ski. He's finally coming in the channel. We're not going to have to worry about that now. "
It was a good rescue.
When asked what it feels like to save someone's life, Oberman responded, "I love it! That's why we do it!" But as exciting as it might be to perform a big rescue, he explained that the most important part of his job is to keep people from getting into trouble in the first place.
(1) How did Hikari Oberman and his coworker react to the two workers' cry for help？ ______
A. They dragged the two workers to their truck.
B. They rolled the equipment to the channel.
C. They called for help immediately.
D. They made their way to the channel without delay.
(2) What does the underlined part "They are not going anywhere." in Paragraph 6 probably mean？ ______
A. They are unwilling to go anywhere.
B. They are waiting others for help.
C. They are being pulled by the current.
D. They are going to give up.
(3) What did the author want to show by mentioning the waves？ ______
A. It was the perfect time to surf.
B. The reefs were so hard to damage.
C. The situation was extremely serious.
D. The paddlers were pushed forward.
(4) Which of the following things contributed more to the rescue？ ______
A. The Jet Ski.
B. The current.
C. The paddleboard.
D. The truck.
(5) What is the author's attitude towards his job？ ______
A. Skeptical.
B. Tolerate.
C. Approving.
D. Frightened.
【答案】D C C A C
【解析】
（1）D. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Oberman说的话"I grabbed our equipment. We started rolling out down there" （我抓起我们的设备。我们开始从那里撤离）可知，Oberman和他的同事听到两名工人的呼救后，他们毫不耽搁地向海峡进发。故选D项。
（2）C. 句意猜测题。根据文章第七段"Waves hit against the extremely sharp reef very hard about 30 yards bchind them, andha current was pulling them into 迁海浪猛烈地冲击着他们身后30码处的礁石，洋流把他们卷了进去。）可猜测，"They are not going anywher指的是他们被水流牵引着，哪也去不了。故选C项。
（3）C. 推理判断题。根据文章第八段"It's right behind us. If I stop paddling, we're definitely going to be in that zone." He said"它就在我们后面。如果我停止划水，我们肯定会进入那个区域。"他说。）可知，作者想通过提及海浪来说明形势极其严峻。故选C项。
（4）A. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段Oberman说的话"I look back, and I see our Jet Ski. He's finally coming in the channel. We're not going to have to worry about that （我回头一看，看到了我们的水上摩托。他终于进入了海峡，我们现在不需要担心这些了。）可知，水上摩托对救援的贡献更大。故选A项。
（5）C. 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段"When asked what it feels like to save someone's life, Oberman responded,"I love it! That's why we do it!" But as exciting as it might be to perform a big rescue,he explaincd that the most important part of his job is to keep pcoplc from getting into trouble in the first place."（当被问及救人的感觉是什么时，欧伯曼回答说"我喜欢!"这就是我们这么做的原因!"但是，尽管进行大规模救援可能令人兴奋，他解释说，他的工作最重要的部分是让人们从一开始就避免陷入麻烦。）可推断，作者对于自己的工作很满意很热爱。A. Skeptical怀疑的；B. Tolerate容忍的；C. Approving批准的，赞同的；D. Frightened害怕的。故选C项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了当了四年的救生员Oberman对最近-次海上救援事件的描述以及自己的感悟。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。
篇43(2019·天津市·月考试卷)
Best Places to Visit in Iceland
Welcome to Iceland, a land that comes across as being a unique and beautiful destination. It is open to visitors who like to study an unknown course, and everything about Iceland waits to be explored. Here are just a lot of places you can take on.
Dettifoss
Dettifoss waterfalls, located 90 km from the town Húsavík, is the most powerful waterfall in Europe. You can access the waterfall either by hiking or driving down along the road leading to the falls. The access roads, however, remain closed during the winter months. That is from January to April.
Landmannalaugar
Landmannalaugar or the people’s pools, is a major tourist attraction in Iceland. Known as the heart for hikers, the area is popular for hot springs. Open only during summers, it is accessible from Thorsmork Biking in this area. However, it is relatively difficult, and is recommended only for trained mountain bikers.
Reykjavik
Reykjavik , which actually means “Steamy Bay”, got its name from the sight of steam rising from the geothermal (地热的) hot springs, which attracted the Vikings when they landed at the bay. You can relax by hiking, or go fishing in the Elliea River. Don’t forget to go skinny-dipping in the famous Blue Lagoon, a geothermal pool in the area.
Gotafoss
Gotafoss, also known as the waterfall of the gods, is one of the most impressive attractions in Iceland. Located on the Skjalfandafljot river flowing south of Ring road, it is easily accessible, thus attracting tourists and divers alike. As the story goes, it was these falls that the Lawspeaker Thorgeir Ljosvetningagoti threw the statues of his Norse gods into, hence giving it the name Gotafoss.
J kulsárlón
Known to be a museum of ice sculptures, J kulsárlón is a large glacier lake on the South Eastern border. The lake which is around 200 meters deep is home to some of the big icebergs. During the summer months, you can use boat rides that will take you face to face with the ice sculptures that melt away splendidly. In the winters, you will spot a number of seals and the great Skua at the lake.
(1) The writer’s purpose in writing the passage is to _______________.
A. praise the beauty of nature in Iceland
B. persuade more people to visit the places in Iceland
C. tell people the culture and history of Iceland
D. attract more people to explore the fields in Iceland online
(2) When you travel in Iceland, you will enjoy the natural attractions except _______________.
A. splendid waterfall
B. ice sculpture
C. stone beaches
D. hot springs
(3) The name of Gotafoss is given _______________.
A. because of its surroundings
B. because of the people there
C. because of its location
D. because of a story
(4) Which two places have the same attraction
A. Dettifoss and Gotafoss
B. J kulsárlón and Dettifoss
C. Gotafoss and Landmannalaugar
D. Landmannalaugar and J kulsárlón
(5) It can be inferred from the passage that _______________.
A. we can enjoy swimming in Reykjavik
B. Iceland now is totally powered by the sun
C. we can see some attractions only in summer
D. we can drive down the road to visit waterfall only in winter
【答案】B C D A A
【解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了冰岛的一些奇特景观，冰岛是一个独特的和美丽的土地，有瀑布，有海湾还有冰雕供游客观赏。
1.推理判断。本文主要介绍了冰岛的一些奇特景观，开头也提及"Best Places to Visit in Iceland"说冰岛是值得参观的好地方，则可推测，作者写这篇文章也是希望更多的人去参观冰岛，故选B。
2.细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者在文章里提到了瀑布（第一，四个景观），冰雕（第五个景观），海湾（第三个景观），但是并未提及石滩，故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据Gotafoss中的"As the story goes, it was these falls that the Lawspeaker Thorgeir Ljosvetningagoti threw the statues of his Norse gods into, hence giving it the name Gotafoss."可知，Gotafoss是由故事而得名，故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据Dettifoss中的"You can access the waterfall either by hiking or driving down along the road leading to the falls."和Gotafoss中的"Located on the Skjalfandafljot river flowing south of road 1or the Ring road, it is easily accessible, thus attracting tourists and divers alike"可知，Dettifoss和Gotafoss这两个景点都在道路旁，很方便参观，对游客很有吸引力，故选A。
5.细节理解。根据Reykjavik中的"Don't forget to go skinny-dipping in the famous Blue Lagoon，a geothermal pool in the area."可推测，游客在Reykjavik是可以游泳的，故选A。
篇44
A study of school design has discovered that school design can influence a child's development by as much as 25 percent-over the course of an academic year．The 751 pupils using 34 classrooms across seven primary schools in Blackpool were studied by the University of Salford．Standardized data-such as age，gender（性别） and academic performance-were collected on each child at the start and end of the year，while each classroom was evaluated for quality on ten different environmental factors，such as direction for natural light，shape，color and temperature．
The results，published in Building and the Environment，showed that the architecture and design of classrooms has an important role to play in influencing academic performance．Six of the environmental factors-color，choice，connection，complexity，flexibility and light-were clearly correlated with grade scores．
Architect Peter Barrett，the study's head author，said，"This is the first time a whole assessment has been made that successfully links the overall impact directly to learning rates in schools．The impact identified is in fact greater than we imagined．"According to the results，once the differences between the"worst"and"best"designed classrooms in the study were taken into account，it was found that the influence that"best"designed classrooms bring is equivalent（相等的） to the progress that a typical pupil would be expected to make over a year．
The results are particularly interesting as the government has introduced a controversial series of standardized templates（模板） for new school buildings，with the purpose of reducing the costs of hiring architects．The opinion on a range of strictly-defined design features replaces the previous Labour government's more architecturally luxurious Building Schools for the Future program，which was canceled by education secretary Michael Gove．He has claimed that his department's new Priority School Building Program，and its basic plans，will put an end to a situation which he believes existed only to"make architects richer"．
(1) It can be inferred that the standardized data ______ ．
A. were based on ten environmental factors
B. were collected twice in an academic year
C. were collected by the University of Salford in person
D. were changeable because of the school environment
(2) The underlined phrase" correlated with"has the closest meaning to ______ ．
A. associated with
B. compared to
C. unconcerned with
D. based on
(3) What did Peter Barrett think of the result of the study？ ______
A. It was not believable．
B. It was wonderful．
C. It was arguable．
D. It was against his expectations．
(4) Why did Michael Gove cancel the program？ ______
A. Because the program didn't reach the standard．
B. Because standardized templates were not finally decided．
C. Because the program was made by the previous government．
D. Because it was against the government's demand for cost saving．
(5) What's the best title for the passage？ ______
A. School Design Can Greatly Affect Teachers'Life
B. School Design Can Greatly Affect Teachers'Work
C. School Design Can Greatly Affect Children's Interest
D. School Design Can Greatly Affect Children's Grades．
【答案】B A B D D
【解析】
【文章大意】作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了关于学校设计的一项新的研究发现，学校设计可以极大地影响孩子的学习成绩．
1．B 细节理解题，根据第一段Standardized data-such as age，gender（性别） and academic performance-were collected on each child at the start and end of the year，while each classroom was evaluated for quality on ten different environmental factors，such as direction for natural light，shape，color and temperature．可知标准化的数据在每年开学时以及结束时被收集，一共是两次，故选B．
2．A 词义猜测题，根据第二段Six of the environmental factors-color，choice，connection，complexity，flexibility and light-were clearly correlated with grade scores．可知有六个环境因素与年级分数有关，故选A．
3．B 推理判断题，根据第三段Architect Peter Barrett，the study's head author，said，"This is the first time a whole assessment has been made that successfully links the overall impact directly to learning rates in schools．可知彼得认为这项研究的结果是美好的，故选B．
4．D 细节理解题，根据最后一段The opinion on a range of strictly-defined design features replaces the previous Labour government's more architecturally luxurious Building Schools for the Future program，which was canceled by education secretary Michael Gove．可知Michael Gove取消这个项目是因为它是与政府的节约成本的需求不符，故选D．
5．D 主旨大意题，通读全文可知本文主要讲述了学校设计可以极大地影响孩子的学习成绩，故选D．
本文属于说明文阅读，主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
篇45(2019·天津市·模拟题)
Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren't written until the final threat.
I've been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master's degree in English. But Jody When he entered the tenth grade he became a "vo-tech" student(技校学生). They're called "motorheads" by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him "motorhead", I was shocked. "Hey, he's a good kid," I wanted to say. "And smart, really. "
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don't often make school honor rolls (光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don't have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $ 800. "Hey, I can fix it," said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son, with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts (零件) from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The cost was $25 instead of $800.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most importantly, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
(1) What used to be the author's hope for his son
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author's unachieved goals.
(2) What can we learn about the author's children
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework.
D. His son couldn't write his book reports.
(3) The author let his son repair the car because he believed that ________.
A. his son had the ability to fix it
B. It would save him much time
C. It wouldn't cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help
(4) In the author's eyes, motorheads are ________.
A. tidy and hard-working
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
(5) What did the author realize in the end
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
【答案】D A C B A
【解析】
【文章大意】孩子有时候是我的复制品，我们总希望孩子能完成我们未尽的失事业，然而孩子也是独立个体有他们自己的想法。
【关键词】clone; son; newspaperman ...
1. 根据文章 You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. 可知，我们总是希望孩子们追随我们的脚印，完成未尽的事业。故选D。
2. 根据文章My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master's degree in English. 可知女儿在学校表现好，成绩优秀。故选A。
3. 根据文章I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose. 可知作者觉得让他的孩子修理也没有什么损失。故选C。
4. 根据文章They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes.及下文作者提到I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most importantly, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.可知作者对motorheads态度的转变。从一开始觉得他们是穿脏衣服首页很脏，到后来觉得出版商需要印刷工，工程师需要机械师一样，他们不需要追随我们的脚步，也可以干的很出彩。文章还提到These kids are happiest when doing repairs. 这些孩子最开心是在修理东西的时候，综上所述，故选B。
5. 根据文章 Most importantly, I have learned that fathers don't need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. 及最后一句My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.可知作者意识到孩子不需要追随自己的脚步，也可以很出彩，故选A。
篇46(2019·天津市·单元测试)To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies．No child imitates every action he sees．Sometimes，the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example．Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than"Monkey see，monkey do．"
Look at it from the child's point of view．Here he is in a new situation，lacking a ready response．He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends．If he lacks a ready response for the situation，and cannot reason out what to do，he observes a model who seems able to get the right result．The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do．
There is a second element at work in this situation．The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him．When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message，he is told emphatically that such a racket（叫嚷） is unpleasant，that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly．Thus，the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly．One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response．Then other adults reward some actions and criticize others．If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect，he must adopt responses his social group approves．
In finding trial responses，the learner does not choose models at random．He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like，rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid．If the pupil wants to be a good violinist，he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players； while some other person may most influence his approach to books．
Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole，and he becomes an identifying figure．We use some people as models over a wide range of situations，imitating much that they do．We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success．
(1) By the last sentence of the first paragraph，the author ______ ．
A. compares children's behaviors to monkey's
B. tells us that children do not learn by imitation
C. thinks it is partial to regard imitation as"Monkey see，monkey do．"
D. means that children should not learn by imitating their parents
(2) The first element at work when a child learns by imitation is ______ ．
A. the need to find a way to attain the desired goal
B. the desire to be acknowledged by his social group
C. the desire to find an expert and authority
D. the need to find a way to avoid criticism
(3) According to the third paragraph，besides achieving his goals，a child should also learn to ______ ．
A. attain his desired results as soon as possible
B. show his love for his parents and friends
C. talk in a low voice
D. behave properly
(4) It can be inferred that children usually imitate people ______ ．
A. who do not scold them
B. who they want to be like
C. who have a high social status
D. who give them many rewards
(5) The last two paragraphs are mainly about ______ ．
A. how children learn by imitation
B. the motive of children's imitation
C. how children choose models
D. how imitation influence children's growth．
【答案】C A D B C
【解析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了孩子通过模仿学习，需要找到一个方法来达到预期的目标，并且合理的表现，因此教的方法是树立一个好榜样，我们使用一些人作为模型，可以使孩子获得成功．
考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
1. C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段"the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example"父母希望他效仿却被他忽视因为他从其他一些例子接管了相反的模式，可知后面是解决办法，即让孩子模仿父母让他做的；故选C．
2. A．推理判断题．根据文章第三段"One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response"，最早的事情，孩子学习是他得到更多的爱和认可当他的父母喜欢他的反应；可知第一元素是需要找到一个方法来达到预期的目标；故选A．
3. D．细节理解题．根据文章第三段"the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly"，想要解决任何客观情况应该被妥善解决的渴望覆盖，因此孩子应学会合理表现；故选D．
4. B．推理判断题．根据文章第四段"the learner does not choose models at random．He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like"，学习者不是随机选择模型的．他模仿的是一个很好的人是怎样的，可推测孩子们模仿的是他们喜欢的人；故选B．
5. C．主旨大意题．根据文章最后两段可知主要在讲孩子们不是随机选择模型的，他们模仿的是他们喜欢的人，因此我们使用一些人作为模型，使孩子获得成功，可推断再讲孩子是如何选择模型的；故选C．
篇47(2019·天津市·模拟题)
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. " Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, " said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
(1) What do we know about John
A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B. He had few childhood playmates.
C. He received little love from his family.
D. He was envied by others in his childhood.
(2) Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as ______.
A. A description of personal values and social values
B. an analysis of how work was related to competence
C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children
D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
(3) Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _______.
A. recording the boys, effort in school
B. evaluating the men’s mental health
C. comparing different sets of scores
D. measuring the men’s problem-solving ability
(4) What does the underlined word sharp probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Quick to react.
B. Having a thin edge.
C. Clear and definite.
D. Sudden and rapid.
(5) What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Competent adults know more about love than work.
B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D. Independence is the key to one’s success.
【答案】A D C C B
【解析】
【文章大意】一项40年研究的结果表明，那些从小劳动的人比那些没有劳动的人享受更快乐、更富有成效的生活。如果一个人知道如何工作、如何爱、为所爱的人工作、热爱自己的工作，那么他就可以在这个世界上生活得非常美好。
【关键词】working
1. 根据文章第一段第四句到第六句“He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.”可知，John比他的童年玩伴对工作更满意，婚姻更幸福也更健康。最重要的是他更幸福，故选A。
2. 根据文章第二段第三句 “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” 即“那些在家里或者社区工作而获得能力的男孩会感到他们在社会中是有价值的”以及第四句 “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.” 即“这些男孩自我感觉良好同时别人也认为他们很优秀”可知，那些成人后很幸福的男性在童年时期都有一定的工作的经历。由此可以推测本段中引用Vaillant 的话为了解释为什么有些男生可以成长为快乐的男人，故选D。
3. 根据第三段第二句“the researchers compared the men's mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores” 可知，Vaillant 的团队通过对比不同的分数来获得他们的结论。故选C。
4. 根据第四段第二句“Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.” 可知，童年有最多经历的男生成年以后比同龄人高出两倍的良好的人际关系，五倍于其他男生获得好的薪水，低于其他男生16倍的失业率。由此可见，差异是十分显著的。故选C。
5. 最后一段是对上文的总结，段意为“童年时期的轰动可以帮助儿童发展包括责任感、独立、自信以及能力的情感健康的基础并且让他们知道合作的重要性”。故B项正确。A项，意为“有能力的成年人比起工作知道更多关于爱的问题”，C项意为“爱比工作给人们带来更多欢乐”，D项，意为“独立是一个人成功的关键”，均不符合文意。故选B。
篇48(2021·天津市·模拟题)In 2018， the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villase or, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California's Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150，000 acres of land. Villase or was scared. "That's when I found out how important climate education was," she reflected. "And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years."
Villase or, now 15， is determined to have a bigger conversation. She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations' New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading（恳求）for the world's leaders to take climate change seriously.
Her action received national attention,with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. "It's completely unacceptable to not learn anything about our planet and our environment in school,after all the young people would 'inherit' the Earth." Villase or said, "That's why I think that climate education is so important, and that's why I focus a lot on it now."
Right now, Villase or is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention."That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists," Villase or said.
When she isn't connecting with her fellow youth activists or holding elected officials accountable to the climate concerns of their young voters, Villase or is like most other teens. "My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep." she said. " I like to read,a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write."
(1) What made Villase or realize the lack of climate education？ ______
A. The state of California.
B. The fire disasters in America.
C. 150，000 acres of land scaring her.
D. The severe Camp fire in California.
(2) What does the underlined part "have a bigger conversation" mean？ ______
A. To talk with more local people to change their mind.
B. To convey her belief loudly to more global students.
C. To call on local people to fight with the leaders.
D. To protest to leaders at home and abroad to make changes.
(3) We can infer from the passage that ______ .
A. Villase or turned her original appeal into a lasting and widespread one
B. Villase or thinks the world's leaders have taken climate change seriously
C. Millions of students around the world are joining in the movement
D. Young people should do more things for the earth so as to inherit it
(4) Which of the following facts gives Villase or a sense of achievement？ ______
A. That she is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan.
B. That her and other youth climate activists' opinions caught people's attention.
C. That she can sleep and read in her spare time.
D. That more schools have set up climate courses.
(5) What is this passage mainly about？ ______
A. The 15-year-old activist fighting for better climate education.
B. Climate education deserves everyone's attention around the world.
C. A young girl and her climate education.
D. Young activists make their voices heard.
【答案】D D A B A
【解析】
（1）D. 细节理解题。根据第一段中"lexandria Villasenor, Who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California's Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150，000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. "That's when I found out how important climate education was," she reflected. "And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years."（当时13岁的Alexandria Villasenor目睹了北加州营火的毁灭，这场大火将烧毁超过15万英亩的土地。Villasenor很害怕， 她反思道："那时我才 发现气候教育有多么重要，以及过去几年我们有多缺乏气候教育。"）可知，是加利福尼亚严重的营火让Villasenor意识到气候教育的缺乏。故选D.
（2）D. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations' New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading for the world's leaders to take climate change seriously.（她很快意识到，这场斗争需要国际社会和政府层面的变革。对她来说，一开始只是当地的担忧，后来演变成了在联合国纽约总部门前长达一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求更多气候义务教育的全球运动。她坐在总部大楼前的长凳上，呼吁世界各国领导人认真对待气候变化问题）可知，15岁的Villasenor决定向国内外领导人提出抗议，要求做出改变，即划线部分意思是"向国内外领导人提出抗议，要求做出改变"。故选D.
（3）A. 推理判断题。根据第二段中For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations' New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education.（对她来说，一开始只是当地的担忧，后来演变成了在联合国纽约总部门门前长达一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求更多气候义务教育的全球运动）"以及第三段中"Her action received national attention, with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement.（她的行动引起了全国的关注，世界各地数百万其他学生加入了这项运动）可推知，Villasenor把她最初的吸引力变成了持久和广泛的吸引力。故选A.
（4）B.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中That was definitely a huge moment when | realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists," Villasenor said.（"当我意识到人们在倾听我和青年气候活动家的声音时，那绝对是一个重大时刻，"Villasenor说）可知，Villasenor和其他青年气候活动家的观点引起了人们的注意，这给了Villasenor一种成就感。故选B.
（5）A. 主旨大意题。根据第四段中Right now, Villasenor is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention.（目前，Villasenor正在与Biden- Harris政府合作制定气候计划，该计划承诺将以受气候变化影响最严重的年轻人和社区的需求为中心。她甚至在2020年民主党全国代表大会上发言）及对15岁的Alexandria Villasenor的奋斗过程的介绍，可知，这篇文章主要讲述了这位15岁的活动家为更好的气候教育而奋斗的故事。故选A.
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的AlexandriVillasenor因为加利福尼亚严重的营火，意识到如今气候教育的缺乏。她通过长达一年的抗议活动，向国内外领导人提出抗议，要求做出改变，她的行动引起了全国的关注，世界各地数百万其他学生加入了这项运动。目前，Villasenor正在与Biden-Harris政府合作制定气候计划，该计划承诺将把受气候变化影响最严重的年轻人和社区的需求放在中心。
考查人物故事类阅读理解。做题是要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
篇49(2021·天津市·模拟题) When I was 17 years old I had surgery because of a disease. The day after the surgery, I awoke to find a friend of mine sitting in a chair across from my bed. I don't remember much about his visit. But I will not forget that he visited me on that day, and sat there for I don't know how long, while I was under the influence of a morphine drip (输液). We benefit greatly from our close friendships, but they are not a matter of calculable gain or loss.
Our age, what we might call the age of economics, is strongly influenced by two types of relationships that reflect the lives we are encouraged to lead. There are consumer relationships, those that we participate in for the pleasure they bring us. They are focused on the present. It is what brings immediate pleasure that matters. And there are entrepreneurial (商业的) relationships, those that we invest in, hoping they will bring us some return.
Aristotle thought that there were three types of friendship: those of pleasure, those of usefulness, and true friendship. In Pleasure Friendships, he said, "It is not for their character that men love ready-witted people, but because they find them pleasant." About the usefulness friendships, he said, "Those who love each other for their utility (效用) do not love each other for themselves, but because of some good which they get from each other."
Although we benefit from our close friendships, these friendships are not a matter of calculable gain and loss. Consumer pleasures are lasting for only a limited time. They surround us for a short period and then they fade, like a drug. Entrepreneur friendship, when successful, leads to the victory of personal gain.
It is precisely the non-economic character that is threatened in a society in which each of us is offered only the choices of ownership, shopping, competition and growth. It is threatened when we are led to believe that friendships without obvious recognizable gain are, in the economic sense, irrational (不合理的). Friendships are not without reason, perhaps, but they are certainly without that particular reason. Shared experience, not just everyday amusement or advancement, is the true basis of friendship.
(1) The author mentions his operation in the first paragraph to ______ .
A. recall one of his best friends
B. advise people to visit sick friends
C. introduce the topic of true friendship
D. talk about the experience of surgery
(2) Consumer relationships center on ______.
A. the sharing of joy and sorrow
B. mutual support in times of trouble
C. personal gain or personal loss
D. immediate pleasure
(3) The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument by ______.
A. explaining three types of friendship
B. discussing questions
C. analyzing causes and effects
D. providing examples and facts
(4) The author seems to support the idea that ______.
A. friendships are a matter of calculable gain or loss
B. there are no specific reasons for friendship
C. short-term pleasure is the center of friendship
D. everyday amusement is the true basis of friendship
(5) The best title for the text would be ______.
A. Friendship in Modern Times
B. Friendship in Economic Recession
C. Friendship in the Age of Economics
D. Friendship in a Fast Paced Life
【答案】C D A B C
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了经济时代的友谊。作者通过对三种类型的友谊的解释来说服读者接受他的论点。
1. 通读第一段，特别是根据后面提到的We benefit greatly from our close friendships, but they are not a matter of calculable gain or loss.（我们从亲密的友谊中获益匪浅，但这并不是一个可以计算得失的问题。），再结合后文的内容可知，作者在第一段提到了他的手术，最后给出自己的看法，是为了介绍本文的话题——真正友谊。故选C。
2. 根据第二段中There are consumer relationships...They are focused on the present. It is what brings immediate pleasure that matters.可知，消费者关系以即时愉悦为中心。故选D。
3. 根据第三段第一句Aristotle thought that there were three types of friendship: those of pleasure, those of usefulness, and true friendship.（亚里士多德认为有三种友谊：快乐的友谊、有用的友谊和真正的友谊。），再结合后文可知，作者试图通过对三种类型的友谊的解释来说服读者接受他的论点。故选A。
4. 根据最后一段中Friendships are not without reason, perhaps, but they are certainly without that particular reason.可知，友谊也许不是没有理由的，但他们肯定没有那个特殊的理由。由此可推知，作者似乎支持友谊没有具体原因的观点。故选B。
5. 通读全文，特别是根据第二段的Our age, what we might call the age of economics, is strongly influenced by two types of relationships that reflect the lives we are encouraged to lead.可知，我们的时代，我们可以称之为经济时代，受到两种关系的强烈影响，这两种关系反映了我们被鼓励过的生活。再根据最后一段的It is precisely the non-economic character that is threatened in a society in which each of us is offered only the choices of ownership, shopping, competition and growth. It is threatened when we are led to believe that friendships without obvious recognizable gain are, in the economic sense, irrational (不合理的).可知，在一个我们每个人只能选择所有权、购物、竞争和发展的社会中，受到威胁的恰恰是非经济性质。当我们被引导去相信，没有显而易见的好处的友谊从经济意义上讲是非理性的时候，友谊就受到了威胁。由此可知，这篇文章最好的标题是《经济时代的友谊》。故选C。
篇50(2021·天津市·模拟题)
Guaranteed! The Fastest Way to Learn a Language
Finally, we have a different approach that has millions of people talking. Using the award winning Dynamic Immersion (浸泡) method our interactive Software teaches without translation memorization or grammar bining thousands of real-life images and the voices or native speakers in a step-by-step immersion process, our programs successfully copy the experience of learning your first language. Guaranteed to teach faster and easier than any other language product or your money back. No questions asked.
Chinese Vietnamese Russian Indonesia Korean
Hebrew Danish English Spanish
Hindi Portuguese Welsh Greek Dutch
Step-by-step immersion instruction in all key language skills:Listening: Native speakers are employed to help you develop your understanding of the spoken language naturally.
Reading: Text exercises develop your reading skills by linking written language to real-life objects, actions and ideas.
Speaking: speech-recognition feature records and compares your voice to the native speaker’ s and grades your pronunciation.
Writing: Practice writing the language you're learning with the program to guide you. The dictation program evaluates your spelling, syntax and punctuation.
Each fully interactive course includes:★ CD-ROM with 20 activities in each lesson
★ Previews, comprehensive exercises and examples for each lesson
★Automated tutorials that assess where you need extra help
★Curriculum（全部课程）text and a user's guide
Level 1 CD-ROM---------------------$139Level 2 CD-ROM $159
Level !&2 Normally 229 Now 206.10
Call today or buy online for a 20% discount TheRoseStone.co/wds016Call 1800-6310-1389
Use promotional code wds016 when placing an order. All major credit cards accepted.
(1) Which of the following is the main advantage of the Dynamic Immersion method
A. It encourages the active memorization of difficult words.
B. It provides the user with extensive exercises in grammar drills,
C. It allows the user to acquire a language in a shorter time than the average.
D. It teaches by translating the foreign language into the user's native language.
(2) In order to know his or her progress, a user of this software has to ________.
A. turn to the automated tutorials
B. complete all the 20 activities in each lesson
C. call 1800-6310-1389 to consult with a teacher
D. compare his or her voice with the native speaker's
(3) Which of the fallowing skills in the program has more to do with the learner's life experiences
A. Listening.
B. Reading.
C. Speaking.
D. Writing.
(4) Each of the users can get a full interactive course, including ________.
A. CD-ROM and review exercises
B. a credit card and some exercises
C. curriculum text and CD introduction
D. a user's guide and Automated tutorials
(5) People who want to use Dynamic Immersion Method can ______.
A. talk with teachers face to face every day
B. get their money back if they fail the tests
C. compare their own voice with native speakers'
D. find a 20% discount when placing an order online
【答案】C A B D B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一种最快速的外语学习方式，包括课程介绍、课程内容、课程费用及联系方式等等。
1. 由第一段Immersion (浸泡) method our interactive Software teaches without translation memorization or grammar drills.可知，课程的交互式软件在教学过程中不涉及到翻译、记忆及语法训练，可知A、B、D均不对；且根据Guaranteed! The Fastest Way to Learn a Language!这种学习方式是学语言的最快速的方式，可知优势是可以让学习者在更短时间内掌握外语。
2. 由★Automated tutorials that assess where you need extra help自动化教程可以评估学习者在哪里需要额外的帮助，可推断为了了解自己的进展，你必须从自动教程中获得反馈。
3. 由左边表格Reading: Text exercises develop your reading skills by linking written language to real-life objects, actions and ideas.阅读技能是通过将写作语言与现实生活中的物体、行为和观点联系起来实现提高的。可知阅读技能与学习者的生活经历关系更大。
4. 根据表格中Each fully interactive course includes:
★Automated tutorials that assess where you need extra help
★Curriculum (全部课程) text and a user's guide（每个完全互动的课程包括：★自动教程，评估您需要额外帮助的地方；★课程文本和用户指南。）
5. 根据第一段中Guaranteed to teach faster and easier than any other language product or your money back.（保证教得比任何其他语言产品更快更容易，否则退钱。）可知想要使用动态浸入法的人，如果考试失败，可以拿回他们的钱。