综合检测(五)
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)Ⅰ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
When Mt Vesuvius(维苏威火山) erupted in 79 A．D，it __1__ the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
The first __2__ were the people of Pompeii，who，returning to their city when the eruption had eased，dug down through the __3__ of their buried homes.The __4__ they drove through the solidified ash can still be seen in places.But a time came when Pompeii and Herculaneum were forgotten.Throughout the Middle Ages these two buried cities were not disturbed，and it was not until 1709 that an Austrian prince sank a shaft at Herculaneum and then, by __5__ of underground tunnels，robbed the city of its treasures.
In 1729 systematic excavation began on the __6__ site，but King Charles Ⅲ of Naples merely excavated the site to __7__ archaeological specimens(考古标本)for his collection.A few years later，an accidental find at Pompeii led to excavations there；at first by tunneling，but afterwards by the actual uncovering of the city.
From the end of the eighteenth century to the present day，digging has gone on __8__ continuously，though slowly，and often with few resources.Perhaps this slowness has not been entirely a __9__，since it has resulted in large，untouched sections of both cities being left __10__ for modern，scientific excavation.Archaeological techniques have improved so much in the last fifty years that a site can now reveal far more archaeological __11__ than before.
Today most of __12__ and a substantial section of Herculaneum have been cleared.They are the best known archaeological sites in __13__，and the most wonderful.For here，and nowhere else on earth，are ancient cities in which life did not die out but was suddenly __14__.
“Behind these walls，”as one writer has said，“lies an __15__ Italian town，stilled in a moment of time.To enter the gates of this city is to walk 2,000 years into the past.”
1．A.destroyed B．repaired
C．built D．identified
2. A．explanation B．excavations
C．pronunciation D．affection
3．A.believes B．relief
C．roofs D．bottoms
4. A．tunnel B．room
C．area D．top
5. A．meaning B．to mean
C．means D．mean
6．A.different B．same
C．ample D．alternative
7. A．protect B．sharpen
C．obtain D．applaud
8. A．practically B．finally
C．successfully D．specially
9. A．disadvantage B．advantage
C．analysis D．revision
10. A．preserved B．accelerate
C．assume D．fade
11. A．information B．botany
C．category D．significance
12. A．London B．Pompeii
C．New York D．Egypt
13. A．Europe B．Asia
C．Africa D．America
14. A．overlooked B．sobbed
C．curtsied D．arrested
15. A．skillful B．ancient
C．patient D．effective
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Many patients who don't want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest with a computer.The computer 16.________ (use)for this purpose is programmed to be friendly.For example，if a patient called Ann says that 17.________ her parents are dead，the computer will say：“I'm sorry to hear that，Ann.”Apart from expressing 18.________(sympathetic)，the computer can also question and remind.If a patient says he 19.________ drinks alcohol，the computer can ask him，“Never？Not even at parties or at Christmas？”Does this direct contact 20.________ the patient and the computer mean that we do not need doctors any more?
It depends.Computers are useful 21.________ they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles of whisky 22.________ day.And they do not stop 23.________ (talk)on the phone as doctors often do.
But as a doctor said，“We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief or put arm around her shoulder if she 24.________ (cry)．That is 25.________ people will always want us.”
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
A
When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm，historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past.The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century.In this way，artifacts(史前古器物)，objects made by human beings，provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.
Underwater archaeology－the study of ships，aircraft(航行器) and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water－is really a product of the last 50 years.The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment.Besides the Swedish ship wreck(残骸)，underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5,000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.
Underwater archaeology can provide facts about the past.In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunk in the past 6,000 years.There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of people's way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times.Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world's knowledge of history，but they have to fight two enemies. One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors.Once sold，these objects are lost to experts.The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘机)often used to repair ports.These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud.By teaching the public about the importance of underwater “museums” of the past，archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures.
26．What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?
A．To provide background information of the topic.
B．To attract readers' attention to the topic.
C．To use an example to support the topic.
D．To offer basic knowledge of the topic.
27．The aim of underwater archaeology is to ________.
A．exploit water bodies
B．search for underwater life
C．study underwater artifacts
D．examine underwater environment
28．Underwater archaeologists are worried because ________.
A．sea hunters have better diving equipment
B．their knowledge of world history is limited
C．dredging machines cause damage to the ports
D．sold artifacts can hardly be regained for research
29．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce a young branch of learning.
B．To discuss the scientists' problems.
C．To explain people's way of life in the past.
D．To describe the sunken ships.
30．Who are the two enemies that underwater archaeologists have to fight?
A．Treasure hunters and warships.
B．Treasure hunters and dredging machines.
C．Fishermen and whales.
D．Dredging machines and whales.
B
Remote medicine is an aspect of medical technology that has been steadily developing in recent times.Remote medicine can be defined as experts helping to treat patients in remote areas by using high-end telecommunication systems.Sometimes physicians have to perform surgery on patients using robotic arms through these high-end telecommunication systems.Doctors in remote areas can purchase emergency medical supplies and first aid kits required for remote medicine treatment from popular online stores.
Surgery has been performed successfully in many cases through remote medicine. Sometimes it is neither practical nor financially possible for the sick or injured to travel to developed nations for their medical treatment.Thanks to remote medicine，people in remote areas can get treatment from experts without having to travel.Although it is useful for patients across the globe，it could be difficult in certain cases to do due to problems with access，supplies and knowledge of local professionals.Doctors believe the biggest barrier is the difficulty in building a close relationship between doctors and patients because of the computer-mediated virtual communication.
However，with lack of specialists in intensive care units in many rural areas across the globe，remote medicine provides a helping hand in monitoring and treating critical patients.Remote medical technology is only as good as the supplies on hand.Putting this technology into practice requires people in remote areas to have relevant emergency medical kits and emergency medical supplies to treat patients.
Chinook Medical Gear is a very popular online store that offers a wide range of emergency medical supplies，medical kits，first aid kits，and containers that are specifically designed to be used in remote areas during emergency situations.This online store also ships emergency medical supplies that assist field doctors to those remote areas.People involved in remote medical treatment can now be assured that they will receive well-stocked first aid kits as soon as possible from this online store.
31．According to the passage，remote medicine refers to ________.
A．medicine sent to patients living in remote areas
B．treatment given to patients by doctors
C．emergency medical supplies and first aid kits bought from online stores
D．treatment given to patients in remote areas through a high-end telecommunication system
32．Some people choose remote medicine mainly because ________
A．they think they can get better service
B．they live in remote small villages
C．they want to try a new method of treatment
D．they can't afford to or are unable to travel a long distance
33．According to the doctors，the biggest difficulty of remote medicine is a lack of ________.
A．enough emergency medical kits
B．specialists in intensive care units
C．a close link between doctors and patients
D．knowledge of local professionals
34．It is implied in Paragraph 3 that remote medicine ________.
A．needs the help of relevant equipment
B．has been widely used across the globe
C．is more important than specialists
D．doesn't help much in rural areas
35．What's the last paragraph mainly about?
A．The correct ways of using emergency medical supplies.
B．The importance of relevant equipment in remote medicine.
C．An introduction to how field doctors use medical supplies.
D．A store that offers things used in remote medicine.
C
Imagine living for a week in a little French cottage，buying fresh vegetables from the farmer's market every morning，sipping(小口泯)coffee，and taking day trips to neighboring villages.Sound appealing？That's the magic of slow travel，where the emphasis (重点)is less on sightseeing and more on taking in your surroundings at a relaxed pace.
Slow travel is a branch of the slow food movement，which began in Italy in the 1980's as a protest(抗议)against the opening of a McDonald's in Rome.The slow food movement aims to preserve regional cooking，local farming，and traditional food preparation methods.This cultural idea has since developed into a whole way of life known as the Slow Movement，which emphasizes connection to food and families and，in the case of travel，connection to local people and cultures.
Slow travel is not so much a particular mode of transportation as it is an attitude. Rather than attempting to put as many sights or cities as possible into each trip，the slow traveler takes time to explore each destination thoroughly and to experience the local culture. As Pauline Kenny says，“Slow travelers assume that they do not have to see everything on one trip，that there will be other trips.”
The clearest advantage of slow travel is reflected in the general nature of your trip.Traveling more slowly allows you to form a stronger connection to the place you're visiting，and you'll feel much less rushed.
Another less clear advantage of slow travel is that it's generally much easier on the environment than other types of travel.While airplanes have recently been considered as major contributors to global warming, trains are a much more eco-friendly choice－as are bikes and，of course，your own two feet!
Slow travel is often kinder to your budget as well.Staying in one place for a week or more at a time reduces your transportation costs，and vacation rentals(度假出租屋) are often cheaper than hotels since they allow you to cook your own food instead of eating out for every meal.
36．What do we know about slow travel?
A．It mainly uses slow means of transportation.
B．It encourages you to take time to enjoy your stay.
C．It encourages a new and calm lifestyle.
D．It is mainly connected with local food.
37．Which of the following is NOT the original aim of the slow food movement?
A．To preserve regional cooking.
B．To preserve local farming.
C．To preserve traditional food preparation methods.
D．To emphasize the connection between food and family.
38．From what Pauline said in Paragraph 3，we can infer that slow travelers ________.
A．prefer to make friends with local people
B．think it less important to know an area well
C．have something left to see on the next trip
D．try to put as many sights as possible into one trip
39．One of the advantages of slow travel shown in Paragraph 5 is that ________.
A．it offers you an opportunity to exercise
B．it helps you make full use of your money
C．it helps you see as many places as possible
D．it is environmentally friendly
40．The purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to introduce a way of travel
B．to introduce a new way of life
C．to compare different kinds of travel
D．to show how traveling affects our life
D
There are many scientists that study people who often lived hundreds or even thousands of years ago.We call them anthropologists.Items those primitive men，women，and children left behind when they died—everything from clothing to jewelry and tools—tell anthropologists a lot.And sometimes even their words survive.
Experts believe that a discovery in Mexico is the oldest example of writing ever found in America.The people who created it probably lived 3,000 years ago，long before Christopher Columbus arrived in the New World.
Workers digging in a rock mine happened to notice a stone block with marks carved onto its surface.They found the large piece of stone near the city of Cascajal，Mexico，which was once the capital of an ancient people called the Olmec.
“There are signs on the block that seem to show objects used by the Olmec during their religious ceremonies，”says Dr Stephen Houston，of Brown University in the US.“There is a sign that looks very similar to a knife and another that looks like the chair of a King，”he explains.
Houston，an expert on the writing systems of ancient cultures，says the discovery is exciting because “it makes clear that the Olmec could read and write.It is like hearing voices from the past.”
But experts don't know exactly what the writing says.Finding other examples of Olmec writing could help decipher_the_puzzle.
“We could have whole sets of ancient writing which will basically make ancient people speak to us directly，”says Houston.“There are many puzzles to be solved，and this is just one of them.”
41．According to the passage，in order to learn more about the past，what items do scientists often use?
A．Knives and chairs.
B．Books and stones.
C．People and animals.
D．Clothing and jewelry.
42．Why do we think the stone block mentioned in the passage is important?
A．It allows scientists to translate the ancient language used in this area.
B．It proves that people lived in this part of the world more than 3,000 years ago.
C．It shows the people of the area had a written language.
D．It is the evidence of the oldest form of writing ever found in America.
43．Why are scientists interested in ancient languages?
A．Because they can learn stories told during that time.
B．Because they can speak directly with ancient people.
C．Because it can allow them to understand ancient societies better.
D．Because it will help learn about the origins of modern languages.
44．Which of the following can replace the underlined expression in Paragraph 6?
A．Find the meaning of the Olmec language.
B．Discover when the Olmec people lived.
C．Learn why the Olmec civilization disappeared.
D．Learn how to speak Olmec.
45．Which is probably the BEST title for the passage?
A．New Language Discovered
B．World's First Book
C．Oldest Writing In The New World
D．What Does It Say?
Ⅳ.信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
A．Section One：Do-It-Yourself Section—On these shelves customers can find the latest manuals on how to do everything from building a computer to constructing your own home.
B．Section Two：Sports & Leisure Section—Stocks a large range of the latest books on your favorite sporting teams and events.Pick up the perfect Father's Day present here.
C．Section Three：Humor Section—A great selection of joke books, funny stories and wonderful real life adventures that are sure to keep the reader laughing for days.
D．Section Four：Business & Finance—Students，business people or anyone interested in the world of commerce are certain to find the book they are after here.We have special subsection for international trade and e-commerce.
E．Section Five：Biography－Find out about the lives of your favorite sports stars，singers，actors and other famous people from today and the past.Learn what they had to go through to become successful and the effect it had on their lives.
F．Section Six：Education—Has a huge range of textbooks and supplementary material covering all the major high school and university subjects.Buyers showing their student cards receive a 15% discount on all purchases from this section.
阅读下列关于各书籍的信息，匹配书籍与其所应放置的书架：
46．The Delighted Eye—by Prof.John Nash—The 1994 Nobel Prize winner for Economics，whose ideas have influenced a generation of the world's greatest economic minds，tells his life story：growing up in a small town in America，becoming one of America's most influential mathematicians and his battles with mental illness.
47．Mother Tongue：The English Language－by Bill Bryson－Bryson's book is a journey through the history and different aspects of the English language，one that is both informative and hugely entertaining.As with most of Bryson's books，fun comes before facts and readers will be left with a smile on their faces.
48．Into Thin Air－by John Krakauer－is a riveting first－hand account of a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest.In March 1996, Outside magazine sent veteran journalist and experienced climber John Krakauer to join the team led by the famous Everest guide Rob Hall.Despite the expertise of Hall and the other leaders，by the end of the race eight people were dead.
49．Ready Made：How to Make (Almost) Everything－by Shoshena Berger and Grace Hawthorne－beautifully written with great factual information.The theme behind this book is reuse，reclaim，recycle and there are many detailed easy-to-do projects for the reader to try such as making a photo frame from a book cover or a pot for your plants from plastic shopping bags.
50．The Smartest Guys in the Room：The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron－by Bethany McLean and Peter Elkind－as the title suggests the authors cover the rise of the American electricity company to become one of the 10 richest companies in the world and its spectacular fall into dishonor and bankruptcy.A perfect guide on what not to do in business.
Ⅴ.基础写作(满分25分)
(2013·始兴县风度中学高二下期末) 假设你是李明，本周班会上，将代表老师用英语通知学生参加一次敬老院的公益活动。
【写作内容】
1．星期天早上8：30在校门口集合，乘公共汽车前往；
2．给老人们赠送班级礼物；
3．打扫卫生，整理(tidy)房间；
4．唱歌、跳舞、讲故事、聊天(chat)，给老人们带去快乐；
5．活动(activity)很有意义，希望积极参与(take part in)；
【写作要求】
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；将5个句子组织成连贯的短文。
We_will_pay_a_visit_to_the_old_people's_home_this_Sunday._
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
That's all.Thank you!
综合检测(五)
1．A 从历史常识可知，公元前79年维苏威火山爆发使得庞贝城和赫库兰尼姆地区毁于一旦。
2．B excavation“挖掘”。
3．C 因为房屋都被火山岩淹没，所以挖掘时应该是从屋顶往下挖。
4．A tunnel指当时人们挖掘时穿过的“通道”。
5．C by means of“通过，凭借”。
6．B on the same site“在相同的地点”。
7．C obtain“得到”。
8．A practically continuously“实际上没有停止”。
9．A this slowness has not been entirely a disadvantage“这种迟缓并不一定完全是坏事”。
10．A leave后用形容词表示使某物处于某种状态。
11．A archaeological information“考古信息”。
12．B Pompeii此处指庞贝，意大利古都，公元79年火山爆发，全城淹没。
13．A 意大利在欧洲。
14．D arrest在此意为“阻止，妨碍”。
15．B ancient“远古的”。
16．used 17.both 18.sympathy 19.never 20.between 21.because 22.a 23.to talk 24.is crying
25．why
26．B 第一段讲述了1628年的沉船，目的是吸引读者的注意力，要读者阅读该文章。
27．C 从第一段的“The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century.In this way，artifacts(史前古器物)，objects made by human beings，provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.”看出水下考古的目的是研究水下史前古器物。
28．D A、B两项文中没提到，很容易排除；C项中挖掘机对港口造成破坏，与文章不符；故选D项。
29．A 从第二段的“Underwater archaeology－the study of ships，aircraft(航行器)and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water－is really a product of the last 50 years.The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment.”看出本文是介绍水下考古这一新兴的行业。
30．B 从第三段的“...but they have to fight two enemies.One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors.Once sold，these objects are lost to experts.The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘机) often used to repair ports.”看出，考古学家担心两方面的敌人，一是潜水盗宝者；二是维修港口的挖掘机。
语篇解读：远程医疗作为一门新兴科学，正日益显现出其强大的生命力，但目前也遇到了一些困难。
31．D 细节理解题。从第一段的Remote medicine can be defined...telecommunication systems可知D正确。
32．D 细节理解题。从第二段的Sometimes it is neither practical nor financially...developed nations for their medical treatment可知D正确。
33．C 细节理解题。根据第二段的Doctors believe the biggest barrier... virtual communication可知，远程医疗最大的难题是如何通过虚拟交流建立医生和病人之间的联系。故选C项。
34．A 推理判断题。根据第三段的Remote medical technology is only as good as the supplies on hand... treat patients可知A正确。
35．D 主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，其主要介绍了一个销售远程医疗用品的网店。
语篇解读：本文介绍了一种新的旅游方式——慢游。
36．B 细节理解题。从第一段的描述，尤其是taking in your surroundings at a relaxed pace可知，慢游让人们悠闲自在地、慢慢地享受待在某地的旅游乐趣，而不是走马观花地从一地赶往另一地，故选B项。
37．D 细节理解题。由第二段第二句话可知A、B、C都是慢食运动的最初目标；D是慢游运动提倡的。故答案为D。
38．C 推理判断题。根据第三段的Slow travelers assume that they do not have to see everything on one trip，that there will be other trips.可知，慢游者们并不想在一次行程中把一切看完，而是留着以后来旅游时再欣赏其他的东西，故选C项。
39．D 推理判断题。本段中讲到it's generally much easier on the environment than other types of travel，接下来谈到飞机是造成全球气候变暖的主要因素，而火车、自行车是更环保的选择。由此可推知选D项。
40．A 作者意图题。本文主要介绍了一种新的旅游方式——慢游，以及它给旅游者自己和环境所带来的好处，A项符合主旨。
41．D 细节理解题。由第一段第二句中的“...from clothing to jewelry and tools...”可知答案为D。
42．D 细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，在美洲发现的石块是最古老文字的证据。
43．C 细节理解题。由第五段最后一句可知，科学家们对此感兴趣是因为这样能更好地了解古代社会。
44．A 词义理解题。由本段第一句可知，专家们不明白这些文字的意义。因此只能通过找到其他例子来帮助弄明白这些文字的意义，即解决专家们的疑团。
45．C 主旨大意题。四个选项中只有C项明确指出了文章中心oldest writing，并且点明了发生地点，所以更适合做文章题目。
46—50 ECBAD
【参考范文】
We_will_pay_a_visit_to_the_old_people's_home_this_Sunday. We'll have to meet at the school gate at 8：30 on Sunday morning and then go there by bus.There we will do some cleaning and tidy the rooms.After that we will have many activities，such as singing，dancing，telling stories and chatting to cheer up the old.Before we leave，we'll give our presents to them.
I hope that all of us can take an active part and through the meaningful activity，we can learn to care for the old.
That's all.Thank you!
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
课时作业(九) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We agreed with his ________(分析)of the political situation.
2．It is a race against time to stop people dying from ________(挨饿)．
3．I can't________(假设)anything in this case.
4．________(准确)is more important than speed in his new job.
5．These questions may be included in the same ________(类别)．
6．We are waiting for the first crops to ________(成熟)．
7．Small seashells were often used as a ________(原始的)kind of money.
8．The way was blocked，so we went by an ________(供选择的)road.
9．It is not polite to ________(打断)when someone is talking.
10．The soldiers ________(使锋利)up their knives.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Some myths are stories told since ancient times to explain the causes for natural happenings.The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of __1__ is about Demeter，the goddess of the harvest.She had a daughter，Persephone，whom she loved very much.Hades，god of the underworld，fell in love with Persephone，and he asked Zeus，the __2__ of the gods，to give Persephone to him as his __3__.Zeus did not want either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter，so he said he would not agree to the marriage，but neither would he __4__ it.Hades，therefore，decided to take the girl without __5__.When Persephone was picking flowers in the garden，he seized her and took her to the underworld.When Demeter found out what happened to Persephone，she became so __6__ that she caused all plants to stop growing.People were in __7__ of starving.But Demeter was determined not to let crops grow until her daughter，Persephone，was returned to her.__8__，still not wanting to disappoint Hades，decided upon a condition for Persephone's __9__.She could go back to her mother if she had not __10__ anything while she was in the underworld.Demeter __11__ it because she did not know that Persephone had eaten several pomegranate(石榴) seeds in the underworld.When Zeus __12__ this，he agreed that Persephone could spend part of the year with her __13__，but he added that since she had eaten the seeds，she must spend part of the year in the underworld.And so it __14__ that when Persephone is in the underworld，Demeter is sad and therefore will not let the crops grow.That is why we have winter when plants do not grow.When Persephone returns，Demeter is __15__，it is spring，and plants begin to grow again.
1．A.periods B．seasons
C．time D．age
2. A．winner B．ruler
C．advisor D．fighter
3. A．wife B．lover
C．partner D．daughter
4. A．forbid B．forgive
C．admit D．accept
5. A．arrangement B．warning
C．reason D．permission
6. A．excited B．tired
C．angry D．serious
7. A．danger B．hope
C．turn D．case
8．A.Persephone B．Zeus
C．Demeter D．Hades
9. A．return B．change
C．marriage D．journey
10. A．stolen B．found
C．eaten D．heard
11. A．understood B．refused
C．doubted D．accepted
12. A．discovered B．studied
C．forgot D．prepared
13. A．daughter B．mother
C．god D．ruler
14. A．works B．remains
C．happens D．starts
15．A.nice B．friendly
C．fresh D．happy
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The ancient Maya built many large cities in what is known as their classic period, which lasted from about 250 A．D. until about 900.Each city had its own king and ruling class.The cities traded with one another，but often fought as well.Around the year 900，the Maya abandoned many of their cities.
Archaeologists and other scientists have long puzzled over why the Maya left.They have examined the cities carefully，and studied the settlements that surround them.In Copan they found many tools dating from 500 to about 1,000 and a few tools dating from about 1,000 to 1,200.They found that no new monuments had been built after 822.From plant remains，they concluded that the area around Copan had been farmland，and other evidence suggested that the land had been overfarmed.In view of the evidence，the scientists concluded that a large population had lived in Copan until about 1,000，but that as more people farmed the land，the soil had lost its richness and produced fewer crops，causing the Maya there to suffer from malnutrition(营养不良)，as an analysis of skulls has shown.As a result，people began to leave Copan around the year 1,000.
War may also have caused the Maya to abandon some of their cities.For example，it is thought that a rival(敌对) city，Caracol，may have once conquered Tikal.100 years later Tikal returned to power，and the ruling family built temples to honour its victory.However，by the end of the 800s，Tikal was no longer powerful，and its inhabitants left.Although we do not know for certain why many ancient Maya abandoned their cities，today's Maya may provide us with clues.The modern Maya still live on the lands in Mexico and Guatemala that their ancestors occupied.Many present-day Maya still have ancient beliefs and farming practices，and studying these may help us discover more about ancient Maya culture.
1．According to the text，we know that Copan flourished from ________.
A．500 to 822 B．250 to 900
C．822 to 1,000 D．1,000 to 1,200
2．In Copan，scientists found evidence that the Maya ________.
A．had been defeated by the people of Caracol
B．had overfarmed the land and suffered from poor health
C．had been involved in a conflict with Tikal
D．had left the city because of a war
3．It's probable that scientists will not agree on why the Maya abandoned their cities ________.
A．until more cities are found
B．without more physical evidence
C．until modern practices are better understood
D．without comparing the Maya to other ancient cultures
4．The scientists think studying the beliefs and practices of the modern Maya will help them understand ancient Mayan civilization because the modern Maya ________.
A．are identical to the ancient ones
B．have the best farming practices
C．know what their ancient civilization was like
D．carry on some of their ancestors' beliefs and practices
5．Which of the following best describes the main idea of tile text?
A．The classic period of Mayan civilization lasted from about 250 until about 900.
B．Overfarming was the reason the Maya abandoned their cities.
C．Scientists are investigating why the Maya abandoned their cities.
D．Fewer people lived in Copan after 1,000 than before 1,000.
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．据推测，智慧会为解决问题提供方法。(assume)
______________________________________________________________
2．他想到什么就说什么，从来不顾及别人的感受。
(regardless of)
______________________________________________________________
3．我们别无选择，只能做了。(alternative)
______________________________________________________________
4．他对形势做了一次深刻的分析。(analysis)
______________________________________________________________
5．我们在这儿挖掘了很多年了。(have been doing)
______________________________________________________________
课时作业(九)
Ⅰ.1.analysis 2.starvation 3.assume 4.Accuracy
5．category 6.ripen 7.primitive 8.alternative 9.interrupt 10.sharpened
Ⅱ.1.B 根据文章最后几句话可知，文章讲的是季节(season)的更换。
2．B Zeus是宇宙之神，是众神的统治者。从下文可以看出，不仅Demeter和Hades之间的矛盾需要Zeus的调解，而且他们的想法也要取得Zeus的同意。
3．A 根据上文的“Hades...fell in love with Persephone...”以及后文的“...agree to the marriage...”可知，Hades想娶Persephone为妻。
4．A 此处指的是Zeus既不会同意这桩婚事，也不会禁止。
5．D 根据下文可知，Hades是抢走Persephone，即没有得到允许。
6．C 后文说Demeter决定要让所有植物停止生长，可见她很生气(angry)。
7．A in danger of“处于……的危险中”；in the hope of“怀有……的希望”；in turn“依次”；in case of“以防万一”。根据后文的starving可知，此题填danger最佳。
8．B 根据其后的“still not wanting to disappoint Hades...”可知答案。
9．A 此处指Persephone回到她母亲身边。
10．C 根据下文的“...Persephone had eaten several pomegranate seeds...”可知答案。
11．D 根据上下文的语境看，Demeter接受了Zeus的条件。
12．A 此处指“发现”事情真相。
13．B 根据下文的“...she must spend part of the year in the underworld.”可知此处应选mother。
14．C 句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。此处的意思是“……就这样发生了”。
15．D 当Persephone回来时，Demeter很高兴，所以就是春天，植物开始生长。
Ⅲ.1.A 根据第二段可知，在公元500年至1,000年期间大量的农具被发现；1,000年至1,200年间只发现少量的农具；但是在822年之后就没有新的遗迹出土了，故可推知，科潘城的繁荣时期应该定位在公元500至822年期间。
2．B 根据第二段可知，人们对农田的过度开垦导致土地营养的流失最终导致那里的古玛雅人营养不良。故选B项。
3．B 根据第二段和第三段可知研究人员为了弄明白为什么玛雅人放弃了他们赖以生存的城池故土，找了很多证据来证明，所以可以推出B项正确。
4．D 根据尾段可知，科学家们之所以认为研究现代玛雅人的信仰及风俗习惯有助于了解古玛雅文明，是因为现代玛雅人传承了古玛雅人的一些信仰及风俗习惯。故选D项。
5．C 本文主要讲了创造了灿烂文明的古玛雅人为什么陆续地放弃了他们赖以生存的城池故土。研究人员通过搜集证据来解释这个原因。故选C项。
Ⅳ.1.It is assumed that intelligence will show the way to a solution. 2.He says what he thinks，regardless of other people's feelings. 3.We have no alternative but to do it. 4.He has given an acute analysis of this situation. 5.We have been excavating here for many years.
课时作业(十) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ________ (放射性的) waste should be buried deeply under the ground.
2．She is always accurate in ________ (标点符号) and spelling.
3．We all ________ (赞成) you for your decision.
4．The new method caught on and many peasants became very ________ (熟练的) at it.
5．She's beginning to get ________ (皱纹) round her eyes.
6．The room was so hot that she felt ________ (晕眩的)．
7．He picked a ________(瓜) from the field.
8．The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners ________ (加速)．
9．The compilers agreed upon a ________ (分割) of the textbook into twelve units.
10．The excitement quickened my ________(脉搏)．
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Have you ever heard of the lost continent of Atlantis? Where was the lost continent of Atlantis？In 1956 a Greek seismologist (地震学家) suggested that the great continent lay in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.More specifically south of Greece on the island of Santorini，which was called Thera in 1650 BC.
Plato，a great Greek poet and historian，was interested in an ancient Egyptian story of a civilization，which Plato called Atlantis.He described Atlantis as the greatest civilization of its time.The people were famous for their beauty and their culture.Plato wrote about this beautiful place one thousand years after it was destroyed.His translation of the language of those ancient Egyptian writings was questionable.He also put the time of the disaster to be about 9,000 years，about 10 times earlier than it could have really occurred according to most historians.
What happened to wipe this great civilization off the face of the Earth？A great volcanic eruption was the cause.A volcano named Santorini exploded and it blew most of the island into the heavens.When the caldera(火山口) formed，the tsunamis (海啸) produced by the crashing of the top of the volcano wiped out many cities and towns in the eastern Mediterranean.This tsunami was reported to have reached the height of over 300 feet.The earthquakes produced knocked down walls 100 miles away！Historians believe these sea waves were what caused the end of the great civilization in the Mediterranean.
Archaeologists have recovered artifacts(史前古器) from the island lately that show a great ancient civilization was present on Thera about 3,800 years ago.It helps us to believe that Santorini may be the “Lost Continent of Atlantis”！
1．On what did Plato base his descriptions of the lost Atlantis?
A．His imagination.
B．Ancient Egyptian writings.
C．Stories told by the older people.
D．The research of other historians.
2．When was Atlantis destroyed by most historians?
A．2,000 years ago.
B．9,000 years ago.
C．900 years ago.
D．3,800 years ago.
3．What caused the production of a huge tsunami over 300 feet tall?
A．The form of caldera.
B．The crashing of the top of the volcano.
C．The great earthquake.
D．The great sea waves.
4．In the last paragraph，“it” probably refers to ________.
A．the island of Santorini
B．the ancient Egyptian history
C．Plato's description
D．the discovery of these artifacts
5．The passage is most likely to be found in ________.
A．a history report
B．a story book
C．a travel guide
D．a technological report
B
The Roman Empire was so big that there were a lot of different people with different cultures living in it，so you can't really say there was one way of living in the Roman Empire.
People of minority races or cultures would probably feel lucky to have lived under the Roman Empire.There were people of so many different cultures travelling around the empire interacting with each other that there had been in general a lot of tolerance(容忍) for other cultures.On the other hand，this contact did also cause tensions，which sometimes broke into violent killings of minority groups.
People were forced into slavery in every corner of the Roman Empire，but the way slaves were treated depended on where you were and also on when.Big farms were usually worked by slave field-hands.But other slaves were house servants，like nurses，cooks，and boys who took care of the horses and they were generally better treated.A lot of slaves also worked for the Roman government，or for private businesses，as managers，or running a shop，or in small factories.
All over the Roman Empire，many boys in cities seem to have gone to school，but most girls had to stay at home.Out in the countryside, probably hardly anyone could read or write.Very few people went to college，but those that did often travelled far from home，to Athens or Alexandria in Egypt，for a good education.
Partly at school，and partly through their families or just playing ball games outside，kids all over the Roman Empire did have lots of friends.Girls and boys from rich families，however，were not allowed to get romantic together.Most marriages among the upper classes were arranged by the parents，but case was probably different for the poor.
6．What life was like for people of minority races in the Roman Empire?
A．Life for them was too hard to bear.
B．They couldn't communicate with people of other cultures.
C．They were forced to give up their own culture.
D．Life for them was comfortable in a way.
7．Of the following kinds of slaves，which group may be badly treated?
A．House servants.
B．Slaves working on farms.
C．Boys taking care of horses.
D．Slaves running a small shop.
8．Which of the following statements is TRUE to education in Roman Empire?
A．Education was open to both rich and poor people.
B．In the countryside，only boys could receive education.
C．People could not get college education in Roman Empire.
D．Most of the girls were not allowed to go to school.
9．From the passage，we can learn that ________.
A．there were probably many different ways of living in Roman Empire
B．under Roman law，marriages shall be arranged by parents
C．children living in the countryside of Roman Empire often felt lonely
D．boys in the upper class could receive free education in Roman Empire
10．What would be the BEST title of the passage?
A．Ancient Roman Empire
B．Ancient Roman Slavery
C．Ancient Roman People
D．Ancient Roman Education
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．这对老夫妻每天都去同一个公园，从不厌烦。(fed up with)
______________________________________________________________
2．他对美术的兴趣可以追溯到孩童时代。(date back)
______________________________________________________________
3．我们作出决定之前必须为将来打算。(look ahead)
______________________________________________________________
4．要是有一种不伤害人类身体的治疗癌症的方法该多好啊。(if only)
______________________________________________________________
5．观众大声呼喊，赞赏他的精彩演讲达五分钟之久。(applaud)
______________________________________________________________
课时作业(十)
Ⅰ.1.radioactive 2.punctuation 3.applaud 4.skilful 5.wrinkles 6.dizzy 7.melon 8.accelerate
9．division 10.pulse
Ⅱ.1.B 根据第二段的“His translation of the language of those ancient Egyptian writings was questionable.”可知柏拉图是根据古埃及的一些文字资料对亚特兰蒂斯加以描述的。
2．C 根据第二段的末句“He also put the time of the disaster to be about 9,000 years，about 10 times earlier than it could have really occurred according to most historians.”可知答案。
3．B 根据第三段的“...the tsunamis(海啸)produced by the crashing of the top of the volcano...”可知海啸的发生是因为火山顶部的塌陷。
4．D 根据末段的“Archaeologists have recovered artifacts...”可知考古学家在岛屿附近发现了一些史前古器，就是这些发现让人们相信圣托里尼就是传说中神秘消失的亚特兰蒂斯。
5．A 文章主要的内容是关于传说中沉没于大西洋的岛屿，这是历史方面的话题。
6．D 根据第二段的首句“People of minority races or cultures would probably feel lucky to have lived under the Roman Empire.”以及后面一句中提到的“...there had been in general a lot of tolerance for other cultures.”可以推断，来自少数民族或文化的人在罗马帝国生活得还算舒适。
7．B 第三段中提到不同的奴隶所受到的待遇不同；先是提到了在农场上干活的奴隶；然后提到了“...house servants...boys who took care of the horses...”，紧接着说他们所受的待遇要好一些；然后又提到了一些努力为政府或私人企业干活、甚至是当上经理或者经营商店，这说明这类奴隶的生活也可以，由此判断待遇最差的是在农场上干活的奴隶们。
8．D 根据第四段的“...but most girls had to stay at home.”可知D项正确。
9．A 根据第一段的内容“罗马帝国那么大，有那么多来自不同文化的人，因此很难说在罗马帝国只有一种生活方式”，即在罗马帝国很可能有多种生活方式；B项根据文章末句可知错误；C项根据末段首句可知错误；D项在文章中没有依据。
10．C 文章提到了在罗马帝国生活的来自少数民族和文化的人，提到了被迫成为奴隶的人，提到了罗马帝国下孩子的教育，以及婚姻等，这些都是以“人”为中心，因此最佳答案为C项。
Ⅲ.1.The old couple is never fed up with going to the same park every day. 2.His interest in art can date back to his childhood. 3.We must look ahead before we make a decision. 4.If only there were a cure for cancer which did not hurt the human body. 5.The crowd shouted to applaud his excellent speech for five minutes
