2023年冀教版中考英语二轮复习 第二章 语法精讲 第八课时　动词 课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
第八课时　动　词
第二章　语法精讲
考点分类
考点1　动词的分类
　　动词是一个句子的重心,每个完整的句子都必须有一个动词来作谓语,用来说明主语“是什么”或“做什么”。需要注意的是助动词和情态动词不能独立作谓语。动词分为四大类:行为动词(分为及物动词和不及物动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
考点2　行为动词
　　表示动作或状态,有完整的词义,能独立作谓语。按其带不带宾语分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。
eg:He often helps me.
他常常帮助我。
She is waiting for her mother.
她正在等她妈妈。
①The injured man 　was lying　 (lie) on the ground when we got there.
②My parents 　have been married　 (marry) for thirty years.
was lying　
have been married　
考点3　连系动词
1.表示静态的,如be,seem,keep,stay等。这类系动词常表示维持或保持某种状态。
eg:He is a student.
他是一名学生。
You shouldn’t keep silent.
你不该保持沉默。
2.表示动态的,如turn,get,go,come,grow,run,become等,表示由变化而成为某种状态。
eg:When she saw this,her face turned red.
看到这个,她脸红了。
As time went on,he grew more and more impatient.
时间长了,他越来越没有耐心了。
3.表示感官的,如look,sound,feel,smell,taste等,表示人体的感觉。
eg:Wang Mei looks very young.
王梅看起来很年轻。
The peach tastes sour.
这个桃子尝起来很酸。
（　D　）①Mum,what are you cooking It 　 　　 sosweet.
A.tastes B.feels
C.sounds D.smells
（　A　）②My old neighbour Charles felt 　 　　 after his children moved out.
A.lonely B.safely
C.angrily D.happily
D
A
考点4　助动词
　　本身无词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语,可用来表示否定、疑问、时态、语态、语气等,如be,have,do,will,shall等。
eg:He doesn’t speak English.他不讲英语。
①My friend 　is waiting　 (wait) for me outsidethe train station now.
②I 　have finished　 (finish) writing my report sofar.
is waiting　
have finished　
考点5　情态动词
　　情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作谓语,需与后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。
1.can的用法
①can表示能力,意为“能,会”,其否定式can’t意为“不能”。在过去时中用could和couldn’t。
②can/could表示请求许可。can意为“可以”,语气不如could委婉,常用于一般疑问句中。could常用于句型“Could I/you... ”,意为“我/你能……吗 ”,若表示同意要用can,不用could。
③can/could表示推测,意为“或许”,表示有可能。否定形式can’t意为“不可能”,表示否定的推测。
2.must的用法
①must表示必要或义务。must意为“必须,应该”,表示必须要做的事,其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止”,即不许对方做某事。
②must表示推测。must意为“一定,肯定”,表示有把握的推测,通常用于肯定句,在否定句中要用can’t,表示“不可能”。
③回答must引导的一般疑问句时,如果是否定回答,一般不用mustn’t,而要用needn’t或don’t have to。
eg:—Must we hand in our exercise books today 今天我们必须交练习册吗
—No,you needn’t.不,你们不必。
④must和have to表示“必须”时的区别:must表示说话人的主观看法,而have to则表示客观需要。
3.may的用法
①may表示请求许可。may表示许可或征求对方许可,意为“可以”,常常与第一人称I连用,构成“May I... ”句式,意为“我可以……吗 ”,肯定回答用“Yes,you may./Yes,please.”等;否定回答用“No,you can’t./No,you mustn’t.”,不用“No,you may not.”。
②may表示可能性。may表示可能性,意为“也许,可能”,通常用于肯定句中。
4.need的用法
作为情态动词,need一般不用于肯定句中,常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。在肯定句中,它用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面接带to的动词不定式或名词、代词作其宾语。
eg:You needn’t come so early.
你不用来这么早。
He needs to finish it this evening.
他需要今天晚上完成它。
（　A　）①—Must I learn all these words by heart
—No,you 　 　　 　 .It will be fine if you copy them in your exercise book.
A.needn’t B.can’t
C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
（　C　）②If you 　 　　 　 smoke,please go out.
A.can B.may C.must D.might
A
C
备考演练
单项选择
（　B　）1.(2022·山东滨州)—Don’t be so rude.You should 　 　　 　 like a gentleman.
—Sorry.I will be more polite.
A.perform B.behave
C.provide D.consider
B
（　A　）2.(2022·江苏常州)If you want to keep healthy,going to bed early and getting up early is highly 　 　　 　 .
A.recommended B.challenged
C.translated D.influenced
（　A　）3.(2022·广西梧州)—Is everything ready for the party
—Oh!I forgot to 　 　　 　 some delicious apple pies made by my mum.
A.bring B.buy C.give D.order
（　D　）4.(2022·湖北天门)These animals are in great danger.We must 　 　　 　 them.
A.sell B.show C.stop D.save
A
A
D
（　C　）5.(2022·四川泸州)—Paul,have you tried this chicken It’s a special in Luzhou and has been introduced in the TV program A Bite of China.
—Yes,it 　 　　 　 hot but delicious.
A.eats B.looks
C.tastes D.sees
（　D　）6.(2022·辽宁本溪)The soup 　 　　 　 a little salty,there is no need to add more salt.
A.looks B.smells
C.sounds D.tastes
C
D
（　A　）7.(2022·湖北鄂州)—Dinner is ready.Help yourself,please!
—Wow!It 　 　　 　 delicious.
A.tastes B.sounds
C.turns D.gets
（　C　）8.(2022·黑龙江绥化)The specials in the restaurant taste 　 　　 　 and sell 　 　　 　 .Many customers come here on weekends.
A.well;good B.good;good
C.good;well
A
C
（　C　）9.(2022·海南改编)—How do you like this cup of coffee
—It 　 　　 　 really great.I’d like another cup.
A.looks B.feels
C.tastes
（　A　）10.(2022·广西梧州)—Can I swim in the lake,Mum It’s so hot.
—No,you 　 　　 　 .The sign says“No swimming”.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t
C.wouldn’t D.shouldn’t
C
A
（　B　）11.(2022·广西贵港)—Julie,why did you 　 　　 　 the job
—Because I found a better one.
A.turn up B.turn down
C.look for D.look through
（　A　）12.(2022·湖北天门)—What kind of music do you like
—I like music that I 　 　　 　 dance to.
A.can B.must
C.should D.need
B
A
（　B　）13.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江)—Listen!I think it 　 　　 　 be Mrs.Li singing in the next room.
—It 　 　　 　 be her.I know she has already left for New York.
A.may;must B.must;can’t
C.must;mustn’t
（　C　）14.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨)—Do you like poems
—Yes.I 　 　　 　 read poems when I was 5.
A.must B.can C.could
B
C
（　A　）15.(2022·湖南邵阳)— 　 　　 　 I use your iPad
—Sorry,I’m using it now.
A.May B.Must C.Should
（　B　）16.(2022·湖北荆州)—The old man 　 　　 all his money to the children in poor areas.
—How kind he is!
A.helped out B.gave away
C.sold out D.kept away
A
B
（　B　）17.(2022·辽宁盘锦)—I can’t find my dictionary. 　 　　 　 I use yours
—Sure,here you are.
A.Need B.May
C.Must D.Should
（　C　）18.(2022·辽宁营口)—Mum,I’ve signed for the box.What’s in it
—I’m not sure.It 　 　　 　 be a present from your uncle.
A.can’t B.must C.may D.need
（　A　）19.(2022·湖南怀化)—Whose English book is this
—It 　 　　 　 be Lily’s,but I’m not sure.
A.might B.can’t C.must
B
C
A
（　C　）20.(2022·北京)— 　 　　 　 I take photos here
—Sorry,you can’t.It’s not allowed in the museum.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will
（　A　）21.(2022·广西北部湾经济区)—Eric,I found a watch on the playground.
—You’d better go to the Lost and Found Office and 　 　　 　 .
A.hand it in B.turn it down
C.look it up
C
A
（　B　）22.(2022·广西玉林)—What are you going to do this weekend
—I’m planning to 　 　　 　 my old books and give them away to the children in poor areas.
A.bring out B.clear out
C.try out D.hang out
（　B　）23.(2022·云南昆明)Doing chores helps to improve children’s independence and teaches them how to 　 　　 　 themselves.
A.look for B.look after
C.look like D.look through
B
B
（　C　）24.(2022·湖南湘西州)Please remember to 　 　　 　 the lights before you leave the classroom.
A.turn on B.turn to
C.turn off
（　A　）25.(2022·四川泸州)—Xiao Ming,what news are you reading
—Shenzhou XIV with three astronauts 　 　　 　 space on June 5th,2022.
A.left for B.waited for
C.asked for D.argued for
C
A
（　D　）26.(2022·广西河池)When I meet my friends,I always try my best to be on
time.
A.set out B.turn down
C.make a plan D.make an effort
（　C　）27.(2022·山东菏泽)—Have you ever 　 　　 　 the program of WWF
—Yes,I have.I am one of the local wild aid members.
A.taken care of B.got used to
C.taken part in
D
C